<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001104659-25-031707.txt : 20250403
<SEC-HEADER>0001104659-25-031707.hdr.sgml : 20250403
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20250403163030
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001104659-25-031707
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		15
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20250401
ITEM INFORMATION:		Other Events
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20250403
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20250403

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			QUAKER CHEMICAL CORP
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000081362
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	MISCELLANEOUS PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM &  COAL [2990]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	01 Energy & Transportation
		EIN:				230993790
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			PA
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-12019
		FILM NUMBER:		25810016

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		ONE QUAKER PARK
		STREET 2:		901 HECTOR STREET
		CITY:			CONSHOHOCKEN
		STATE:			PA
		ZIP:			19428
		BUSINESS PHONE:		6108324000

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		ONE QUAKER PARK
		STREET 2:		901 HECTOR ST
		CITY:			CONSHOHOCKEN
		STATE:			PA
		ZIP:			19428
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>8-K
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>tm2511327d1_8k.htm
<DESCRIPTION>FORM 8-K
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='ASCII'?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xbrldi="http://xbrl.org/2006/xbrldi" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:iso4217="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/iso4217" xmlns:ix="http://www.xbrl.org/2013/inlineXBRL" xmlns:ixt="http://www.xbrl.org/inlineXBRL/transformation/2015-02-26" xmlns:ixt-sec="http://www.sec.gov/inlineXBRL/transformation/2015-08-31" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023" xmlns:us-gaap="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2023" xmlns:us-roles="http://fasb.org/us-roles/2023" xmlns:country="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2023" xmlns:srt="http://fasb.org/srt/2023" xmlns:kwr="http://quakerchem.com/20250401">
<head>
     <title></title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html"/>
</head>
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_02C_US%2DGAAP%2D2023 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_038_kwr_quakerchem.com_20250401 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_04F_20250401_20250401 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_059_edei%2D%2DAmendmentFlag_false -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_055_edei%2D%2DEntityCentralIndexKey_0000081362 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_06B_USD_1_iso4217%2D%2DUSD -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_062_Shares_2_xbrli%2D%2Dshares -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_06D_USDPShares_3_iso4217%2D%2DUSD_xbrli%2D%2Dshares -->
<body style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<div style="display: none">
<ix:header>
 <ix:hidden>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000003" name="dei:AmendmentFlag">false</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000004" name="dei:EntityCentralIndexKey">0000081362</ix:nonNumeric>
  </ix:hidden>
 <ix:references>
  <link:schemaRef xlink:href="kwr-20250401.xsd" xlink:type="simple"/>
  </ix:references>
 <ix:resources>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2025-04-01">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0000081362</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2025-04-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2025-04-01</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:unit id="USD">
      <xbrli:measure>iso4217:USD</xbrli:measure>
    </xbrli:unit>
    <xbrli:unit id="Shares">
      <xbrli:measure>xbrli:shares</xbrli:measure>
    </xbrli:unit>
    <xbrli:unit id="USDPShares">
      <xbrli:divide>
        <xbrli:unitNumerator>
          <xbrli:measure>iso4217:USD</xbrli:measure>
        </xbrli:unitNumerator>
        <xbrli:unitDenominator>
          <xbrli:measure>xbrli:shares</xbrli:measure>
        </xbrli:unitDenominator>
      </xbrli:divide>
    </xbrli:unit>
  </ix:resources>
 </ix:header>
</div>


<p style="margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page -->
<div style="text-align: left">
<div style="border-top: black 2pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; margin-right: auto; width: 100%; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page --><p style="text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>UNITED STATES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>Washington, D.C.
20549</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>FORM <span id="xdx_909_edei--DocumentType_c20250401__20250401_zySnf4Tc3CNf"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000009" name="dei:DocumentType">8-K</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>CURRENT REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b><span id="xdx_90A_edei--DocumentPeriodEndDate_c20250401__20250401_zupQgKhbbDDb"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" id="Fact000010" name="dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate">April 1, 2025</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>Date of Report
(Date of earliest event reported)</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 18pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b><span id="xdx_90D_edei--EntityRegistrantName_c20250401__20250401_zrMoPENd6T9c"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000011" name="dei:EntityRegistrantName">QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>(Exact name of
registrant as specified in its charter)</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>Commission File
Number <span id="xdx_905_edei--EntityFileNumber_c20250401__20250401_zKxJjVafORU9"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000012" name="dei:EntityFileNumber">001-12019</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; width: 100%">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="xdx_90B_edei--EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_c20250401__20250401_zGSOwWc0F7u5"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" format="ixt-sec:stateprovnameen" id="Fact000013" name="dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">Pennsylvania</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 49%; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="xdx_90F_edei--EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_c20250401__20250401_zBf9DyiNJws5"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000014" name="dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">23-0993790</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(State or other jurisdiction of</span><br/><span style="font-size: 10pt">incorporation)</span></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(I.R.S. Employer</span><br/><span style="font-size: 10pt">Identification No.)</span></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b><span id="xdx_90B_edei--EntityAddressAddressLine1_c20250401__20250401_zkI3VWltL9Mi"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000015" name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1">901 E. Hector Street</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b><span id="xdx_904_edei--EntityAddressCityOrTown_c20250401__20250401_z2l8fpJh2qHj"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000016" name="dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown">Conshohocken</ix:nonNumeric></span>, <span id="xdx_90A_edei--EntityAddressStateOrProvince_c20250401__20250401_z6Kt2L10dEK7"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" format="ixt-sec:stateprovnameen" id="Fact000017" name="dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince">Pennsylvania</ix:nonNumeric></span> <span id="xdx_903_edei--EntityAddressPostalZipCode_c20250401__20250401_zyPfBSRZ4hIj"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000018" name="dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode">19428</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(Address of principal
executive offices)</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(Zip Code)</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>(<span id="xdx_903_edei--CityAreaCode_c20250401__20250401_zy6MMdfdaA1c"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000019" name="dei:CityAreaCode">610</ix:nonNumeric></span>) <span id="xdx_907_edei--LocalPhoneNumber_c20250401__20250401_zBuR73kVLP4b"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000020" name="dei:LocalPhoneNumber">832-4000</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(Registrant&#8217;s
telephone number, including area code)</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>Not Applicable</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">(Former name or former
address, if changed since last report)</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended
to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; width: 100%">
<tr style="text-align: justify; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 0px">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Wingdings"><span id="xdx_903_edei--WrittenCommunications_c20250401__20250401_zzrIDxMJ8Us"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="Fact000021" name="dei:WrittenCommunications">&#168;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)</span></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; width: 100%">
<tr style="text-align: justify; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 0px">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Wingdings"><span id="xdx_90C_edei--SolicitingMaterial_c20250401__20250401_zVFp37zQLtee"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="Fact000022" name="dei:SolicitingMaterial">&#168;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)</span></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; width: 100%">
<tr style="text-align: justify; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 0px">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Wingdings"><span id="xdx_906_edei--PreCommencementTenderOffer_c20250401__20250401_zsCA1VHauzQk"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="Fact000023" name="dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer">&#168;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))</span></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; width: 100%">
<tr style="text-align: justify; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 0px">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Wingdings"><span id="xdx_90E_edei--PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_c20250401__20250401_zY8RH6qE3EOd"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="Fact000024" name="dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">&#168;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</span></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; white-space: nowrap; width: 35%; text-align: center; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Title of each class</b></span></td>
    <td style="white-space: nowrap; width: 1%; text-align: center; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; white-space: nowrap; width: 32%; text-align: center; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Trading Symbol(s)</b></span></td>
    <td style="white-space: nowrap; width: 1%; text-align: center; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; white-space: nowrap; width: 30%; text-align: center; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Name of each exchange on which</b></span><b><br/><span style="font-size: 10pt">registered</span></b></td>
    <td style="white-space: nowrap; width: 1%; text-align: center; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="text-align: center; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_907_edei--Security12bTitle_c20250401__20250401_zpd86h3mbZij"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000025" name="dei:Security12bTitle">Common Stock, $1 par value</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="text-align: center; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_905_edei--TradingSymbol_c20250401__20250401_zy22pScuTwD"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000026" name="dei:TradingSymbol">KWR</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="text-align: center; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90C_edei--SecurityExchangeName_c20250401__20250401_z7e75Y30Y9D5"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" format="ixt-sec:exchnameen" id="Fact000027" name="dei:SecurityExchangeName">New York Stock Exchange</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="text-align: center; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging
growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Emerging growth company <span style="font-family: Wingdings"><span id="xdx_90E_edei--EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_c20250401__20250401_zAnyk1FVnXVj"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="Fact000028" name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">&#168;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the
registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards
provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. <span style="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page -->
<div style="text-align: left">
<div style="border-top: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 2pt solid; margin-right: auto; width: 100%; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page --><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 1; Options: NewSection -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <div style="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED IN THE REPORT</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 1in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Item 8.01</b></span></td>
    <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Other Events.</b></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 14pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Quaker Chemical Corporation
(the &#8220;Company&#8221; or &#8220;Quaker Houghton&#8221;) issued a press release on April 1, 2025 announcing it has completed its previously
announced acquisition of Dipsol Chemicals Co., Ltd. (&#8220;Dipsol&#8221;), a company headquartered in Japan and a leading supplier of
surface treatment and plating solutions and services primarily for the automotive and other industrial applications. The Company also
announced the acquisition of Natech, Ltd. (&#8220;Natech&#8221;), a U.K.-based manufacturer of surface treatment chemicals.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company expects the acquisitions
of Dipsol and Natech to expand the Company&#8217;s advanced solutions businesses in attractive end markets with solid growth characteristics,
providing ample opportunity to cross-sell and meet the evolving needs of the Company&#8217;s global customers.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">A copy of the press release,
dated April 1, 2025, is attached as Exhibit 99.1.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 2.75pt 0pt 0"><b><i>CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING</i>&#160;STATEMENTS</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This Current Report on Form
8-K contains &#8220;forward-looking statements&#8221; within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and
Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These statements can be identified by the fact that they do not relate
strictly to historical or current facts. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations about future events.
These forward-looking statements include statements with respect to our beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, expectations, anticipations,
intentions, financial condition, results of operations, future performance, and business, which may differ materially from our actual
results, including but not limited to the potential benefits of acquisitions and divestitures, the impacts on our business as a result
of global supply chain constraints, and our current and future results and plans and statements that include the words &#8220;may,&#8221;
&#8220;could,&#8221; &#8220;should,&#8221; &#8220;would,&#8221; &#8220;believe,&#8221; &#8220;expect,&#8221; &#8220;anticipate,&#8221;
&#8220;estimate,&#8221; &#8220;intend,&#8221; &#8220;outlook,&#8221; &#8220;target,&#8221; &#8220;possible,&#8221; &#8220;potential,&#8221;
&#8220;plan&#8221; or similar expressions. Such statements include information relating to current and future business activities, operational
matters, capital spending, and financing sources. All forward-looking statements included in this Current Report on Form 8-K, including
expectations about business conditions during 2025 and future periods, are based upon information available to the Company as of the date
of this Current Report on Form 8-K, which may change. Therefore, we caution you not to place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements.
For more information regarding these risks and uncertainties as well as certain additional risks that we face, refer to the Risk Factors
section, which appears in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, and in subsequent reports filed
from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We do not intend to, and we disclaim any duty or obligation to, update
or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect new information or future events or for any other reason. This discussion is provided
as permitted by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 2; Options: NewSection; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->2<!-- Field: /Sequence --></p></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 1in; text-align: left"><b>Item 9.01</b></td><td style="text-align: justify"><b>Financial Statements and Exhibits.</b></td>
</tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following exhibits are included as part of
this Current Report on Form 8-K:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 1.5in; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Exhibit No.</span></span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Description </span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font-size: 10pt"><a href="tm2511327d1_ex99-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-size: 10pt">99.1</span></a></td>
    <td style="font-size: 10pt"><a href="tm2511327d1_ex99-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Press Release of Quaker Chemical Corporation dated April 1, 2025 (furnished herewith).</span></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">104</span></td>
    <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document).</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 3; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->3<!-- Field: /Sequence --></p></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>SIGNATURE</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-top: 2.15pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="width: 50%"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 5%"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 45%"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="background-color: white; padding-top: 2.15pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Date: April 3, 2025</span></td>
    <td style="padding-top: 2.15pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">By:</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding-top: 2.15pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">/s/ Robert T.
    Traub</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="padding-top: 1.15pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Robert T. Traub</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="padding-top: 2.15pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate
    Secretary</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 4; Options: Last -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->4<!-- Field: /Sequence --></p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>


<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_08B_extensions -->
<!-- eJxFjd0KwjAMhZ9g7xB6LbMr/sAuHTrEKTJEvK0uSnFrRlr/Hsm3tG6IIRCSc74cIQYip4WpkeEwKwvYYdPW2iOUeEZGe8LgyJarFMIs8WKcZ219t/7AjAKDgZnE8hjunfNuHFYpyNFQqqEaQ6JSNYXtWkRfPSN7NhVab3QN2lawZWrZoNf86j/s9JMsNa8uaY/sDNkUklj28huUTBRs6K4fxFcHRZGJaNBVJHKmWxtc86dH+yVhXmMT4lxP/zv6AMleSlk= -->
</body>
</html>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>tm2511327d1_ex99-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 99.1
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><B>Exhibit 99.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: left; width: 49%"><B>News</B></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; width: 49%"><IMG SRC="tm2511327d1_ex99-1img002.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; width: 50%">
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Investor Contact: </B></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Jeffrey Schnell</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Vice President, Investor Relations<BR>
 investor@quakerhoughton.com</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">T.+1.610.832.4087</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; width: 50%">
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Media Contact:</B></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Melissa McClain</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Director, Global Communications</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">media@quakerhoughton.com</P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">T. +1.610.832.7809</P></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>For
Release:</B></FONT> Immediate</P>

<P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Quaker Houghton Completes its Acquisition
of Dipsol Chemicals and Announces its acquisition of Natech, Ltd.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>CONSHOHOCKEN,
PA (April 1, 2025) /PRNewswire/ - </B></FONT>Quaker Houghton (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;) (NYSE: KWR), the global leader in industrial
process fluids, announced today that it has completed its previously announced acquisition of Dipsol Chemicals Co., Ltd., (&quot;Dipsol&quot;)
a leading supplier of surface treatment and plating solutions and services primarily for the automotive and other industrial applications,
for 23 billion JPY (~$153 million at current rates). Dipsol is headquartered in Japan and operates globally with revenues of approximately
$82 million over the twelve-month period ending December 31, 2024. The purchase price represents a multiple of approximately 10.5x Dipsol&rsquo;s
trailing twelve month estimated adjusted EBITDA of approximately $15 million. Quaker Houghton funded the purchase price for this acquisition
with borrowings under its existing credit facility.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Additionally, the company also announced today
the acquisition of Natech, Ltd., (&ldquo;Natech&rdquo;) a U.K.-based manufacturer of surface treatment chemicals for approximately 4 million
GBP (~$5.2 million at today&rsquo;s rates).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Joseph Berquist, Chief Executive Officer and President
said, &quot;We are very excited to have completed the acquisition of Dipsol and announce the acquisition of Natech, demonstrating our
ability to use our strong financial position to make strategic investments that will accelerate growth and create shareholder value. Dipsol
and Natech provide Quaker Houghton with leading market positions in their respective markets and product technologies, that complement
our technical service model and add capabilities and breadth to our differentiated portfolio of products and services. They also expand
our advanced solutions businesses in attractive end markets with solid growth characteristics, providing ample opportunity to cross-sell
and meet the evolving needs of our global customers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Dipsol was established in 1953 and is headquartered
in Japan. The company has a strong portfolio of products and services and a leading position in the Japanese market for plating chemicals.
Dipsol has approximately 450 employees worldwide, and a global presence with production and R&amp;D facilities in Asia, North America,
and Europe.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Natech was established in 2002 and manufacturers
water-based cleaners, metal pre-treatment products, paint strippers and other products for a variety of industrial applications.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Non-GAAP Measure</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The information in this press release includes
non-GAAP (unaudited) financial information of Dipsol&rsquo;s estimated adjusted EBITDA. The Company believes this non-GAAP financial measure
provides meaningful supplemental information as it enhances a reader's understanding of the financial performance of Dipsol. In addition,
our definition of adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly named measures reported by other companies. The Company presents
an estimated adjusted EBITDA for Dipsol, which is calculated as estimated EBITDA, which is calculated as estimated net income before depreciation
and amortization, interest expense, net, and taxes on income before equity in net income of associated companies, plus or minus certain
items that management believes are not indicative of future operating performance or not considered core to Dipsol&rsquo;s operations.
As it relates to future projections for Dipsol, as well as other forward-looking information contained in this press release, the Company
has not provided guidance for comparable GAAP measures or a quantitative reconciliation of forward-looking non-GAAP financial measures
to the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP measure because it is unable to determine with reasonable certainty the ultimate outcome of
certain significant items necessary to calculate such measures without unreasonable effort. These items include, but are not limited to,
certain non-recurring or non-core items Dipsol may record that could materially impact net income. These items are uncertain, depend on
various factors, and could have a material impact on the U.S. GAAP reported results for the guidance period.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 1 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&#160;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Forward-Looking Statements</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">This press release contains &quot;forward-looking
statements&quot; that fall under the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and the Securities
Act of 1933, as amended. These statements can be identified by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts.
We have based these forward-looking statements on assumptions, projections and expectations about future events that we believe are reasonable
based on currently available information, including statements regarding the potential effects of economic downturns; tariffs, including
uncertainty surrounding changes in tariffs; inflation and global supply chain constraints on the Company's business, results of operations,
and financial condition; our expectation that we will maintain sufficient liquidity and remain in compliance with the terms of the Company's
credit facility; expectations about future demand and raw material costs; and statements regarding the impact of increased raw material
costs and pricing initiatives. These forward-looking statements include statements with respect to our beliefs, plans, objectives, goals,
expectations, anticipations, intentions, financial condition, results of operations, future performance, and business, which may differ
materially from our actual results, including but not limited to the potential benefits of acquisitions and divestitures, the impacts
on our business as a result of global supply chain constraints, and our current and future results and plans and statements that include
the words &quot;may,&quot; &quot;could,&quot; &quot;should,&quot; &quot;would,&quot; &quot;believe,&quot; &quot;expect,&quot; &quot;anticipate,&quot;
 &quot;estimate,&quot; &quot;intend,&quot; &quot;outlook, &quot;target&quot;, &quot;possible&quot;, &quot;potential&quot;, &quot;plan&quot;
or similar expressions. Such statements include information relating to current and future business activities, operational matters, capital
spending, and financing sources. A major risk is that demand for the Company's products and services is largely derived from the demand
for its customers' products, which subjects the Company to uncertainties related to downturns in a customer's business and unanticipated
customer production slowdowns and shutdowns. Other major risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to inflationary pressures,
including increases in raw material costs; supply chain constraints and the impacts of economic downturns; customer financial instability;
high interest rates and their impact on our and our customers' business operations; the impacts from acts of war, terrorism and military
conflicts, including those in Ukraine and the Middle East as well as economic, political and governmental actions taken by various governments
and governmental organizations in response; economic and political disruptions particularly in light of numerous elections globally and
the possibility of regime changes; the possibility of economic recession; legislative and regulatory developments including changes to
existing laws and regulations, or the way they are interpreted, applied or enforced; tariffs, trade restrictions, and the economic and
other sanctions imposed by other nations on Russia and Belarus and/or other government organizations; suspensions of activities in Russia
by many multinational companies; foreign currency fluctuations; significant changes in applicable tax rates and regulations; future terrorist
attacks and other acts of violence; the impacts of consolidation in our industry, including loss or consolidation of a major customer,
the effects of climate change, fires, or other natural disasters; and the potential occurrence of cyber-security breaches, cyber-security
attacks and other technology outages and security incidents. Furthermore, the Company is subject to the same business cycles as those
experienced by our customers in the steel, automobile, aircraft, industrial equipment, aluminum and durable goods industries. Our forward-looking
statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions about the Company and its operations that are subject to change based on
various important factors, some of which are beyond our control. These risks, uncertainties, and possible inaccurate assumptions relevant
to our business could cause our actual results to differ materially from expected and historical results. All forward-looking statements
included in this press release, including expectations about business conditions during 2024 and future periods, are based upon information
available to the Company as of the date of this press release, which may change. Therefore, we caution you not to place undue reliance
on our forward-looking statements. For more information regarding these risks and uncertainties as well as certain additional risks that
we face, refer to the Risk Factors section, which appears in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2024, and in subsequent reports filed from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We do not intend to, and we disclaim
any duty or obligation to, update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect new information or future events or for any other
reason. This discussion is provided as permitted by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>About Quaker Houghton</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Quaker Houghton is the global leader in industrial
process fluids. With a presence around the world, including operations in over 25 countries, our customers include thousands of the world&rsquo;s
most advanced and specialized steel, aluminum, automotive, aerospace, offshore, container, mining, and metalworking companies. Our high-performing,
innovative and sustainable solutions are backed by best-in-class technology, deep process knowledge and customized services. With approximately
4,400 employees, including chemists, engineers and industry experts, we partner with our customers to improve their operations so they
can run even more efficiently, even more effectively, whatever comes next. Quaker Houghton is headquartered in Conshohocken, Pennsylvania,
located near Philadelphia in the United States. Visit quakerhoughton.com to learn more.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 2; Options: Last -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"></P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.SCH
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>kwr-20250401.xsd
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION SCHEMA
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" ?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 6.0b -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: https://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Misc; Value: +aA5w7xRiXgen8uLa3ZcWa6LebOdzZR+eYkxtmBzbTk6vysrfO0MBSBpwqtWYS0K -->
<schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:xbrldi="http://xbrl.org/2006/xbrldi" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023" xmlns:us-gaap="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2023" xmlns:srt="http://fasb.org/srt/2023" xmlns:srt-types="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2023" xmlns:kwr="http://quakerchem.com/20250401" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://quakerchem.com/20250401">
    <annotation>
      <appinfo>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover" id="Cover">
          <link:definition>00000001 - Document - Cover</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="kwr-20250401_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Presentation Links" />
        <link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="kwr-20250401_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Label Links" />
      </appinfo>
    </annotation>
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-types/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-types-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2022-03-31" schemaLocation="https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2022-03-31/types.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2023/country-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-types-2023.xsd" />
</schema>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>kwr-20250401_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABEL LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 6.0b -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: https://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
<link:linkbase xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedPeriodEndLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedPeriodEndLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedPeriodStartLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedPeriodStartLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedTotalLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTotalLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedNetLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedNetLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedTerseLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/net-2009-12-16.xsd#netLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/netLabel" />
    <link:labelLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/link">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cover [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentType" xlink:to="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Type</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:label="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:to="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Registration Statement</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAnnualReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Annual Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Quarterly Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Transition Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Shell Company Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Shell Company Event Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period Start Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Period Focus</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Year Focus</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:to="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current Fiscal Year End Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity File Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Primary SIC Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Three</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Country</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CountryRegion" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CountryRegion" xlink:to="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Country Region</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Extension" xlink:label="dei_Extension" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Extension" xlink:to="dei_Extension_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Extension_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Extension</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Written Communications</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Soliciting Material</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:to="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">No Trading Symbol Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(g) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:to="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Reporting Obligation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:to="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Annual Information Form</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:to="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Audited Annual Financial Statements</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:to="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:to="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Voluntary Filers</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:to="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Current Reporting Status</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:to="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Interactive Data Current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:to="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Filer Category</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:to="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Small Business</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:to="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Elected Not To Use the Extended Transition Period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:to="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Accounting Standard</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:label="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:to="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Reporting Standard Item Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityShellCompany" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Shell Company</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:label="dei_EntityPublicFloat" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:to="dei_EntityPublicFloat_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPublicFloat_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Public Float</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:label="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:to="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Bankruptcy Proceedings, Reporting Current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:label="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:to="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Documents Incorporated by Reference [Text Block]</link:label>
    </link:labelLink>
</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>kwr-20250401_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 6.0b -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: https://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
<link:linkbase xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover" xlink:href="kwr-20250401.xsd#Cover" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover" xlink:title="00000001 - Document - Cover">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:label="loc_deiCoverAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentType" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentType" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="loc_deiAmendmentFlag" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiAmendmentFlag" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:label="loc_deiAmendmentDescription" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiAmendmentDescription" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentRegistrationStatement" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentAnnualReport" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentAnnualReport" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentQuarterlyReport" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentTransitionReport" />
      <link:presentationArc order="60" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentTransitionReport" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyReport" />
      <link:presentationArc order="70" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyEventDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="80" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentPeriodStartDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="90" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentPeriodEndDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="100" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" />
      <link:presentationArc order="110" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentFiscalYearFocus" />
      <link:presentationArc order="120" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:label="loc_deiCurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="130" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiCurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityFileNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="140" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityFileNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityRegistrantName" />
      <link:presentationArc order="150" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityRegistrantName" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityCentralIndexKey" />
      <link:presentationArc order="160" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityPrimarySicNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="170" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="180" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
      <link:presentationArc order="190" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine1" />
      <link:presentationArc order="200" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine2" />
      <link:presentationArc order="210" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine3" />
      <link:presentationArc order="220" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressCityOrTown" />
      <link:presentationArc order="230" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
      <link:presentationArc order="240" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressCountry" />
      <link:presentationArc order="250" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressCountry" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
      <link:presentationArc order="260" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CountryRegion" xlink:label="loc_deiCountryRegion" />
      <link:presentationArc order="270" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiCountryRegion" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="loc_deiCityAreaCode" />
      <link:presentationArc order="280" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiCityAreaCode" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiLocalPhoneNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="290" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiLocalPhoneNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Extension" xlink:label="loc_deiExtension" />
      <link:presentationArc order="300" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiExtension" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="loc_deiWrittenCommunications" />
      <link:presentationArc order="310" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiWrittenCommunications" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="loc_deiSolicitingMaterial" />
      <link:presentationArc order="320" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiSolicitingMaterial" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="loc_deiPreCommencementTenderOffer" />
      <link:presentationArc order="330" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiPreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="loc_deiPreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:presentationArc order="340" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiPreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurity12bTitle" />
      <link:presentationArc order="350" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurity12bTitle" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="loc_deiNoTradingSymbolFlag" />
      <link:presentationArc order="360" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiNoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="loc_deiTradingSymbol" />
      <link:presentationArc order="370" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiTradingSymbol" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurityExchangeName" />
      <link:presentationArc order="380" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurityExchangeName" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurity12gTitle" />
      <link:presentationArc order="390" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurity12gTitle" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurityReportingObligation" />
      <link:presentationArc order="400" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurityReportingObligation" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:label="loc_deiAnnualInformationForm" />
      <link:presentationArc order="410" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiAnnualInformationForm" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:label="loc_deiAuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" />
      <link:presentationArc order="420" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiAuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
      <link:presentationArc order="430" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityVoluntaryFilers" />
      <link:presentationArc order="440" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityCurrentReportingStatus" />
      <link:presentationArc order="450" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityInteractiveDataCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="460" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityFilerCategory" />
      <link:presentationArc order="470" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityFilerCategory" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:label="loc_deiEntitySmallBusiness" />
      <link:presentationArc order="480" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntitySmallBusiness" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
      <link:presentationArc order="490" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityExTransitionPeriod" />
      <link:presentationArc order="500" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentAccountingStandard" />
      <link:presentationArc order="510" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiOtherReportingStandardItemNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="520" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiOtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityShellCompany" />
      <link:presentationArc order="530" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityShellCompany" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityPublicFloat" />
      <link:presentationArc order="540" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityPublicFloat" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="550" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:presentationArc order="560" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="570" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>GRAPHIC
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>tm2511327d1_ex99-1img002.jpg
<DESCRIPTION>GRAPHIC
<TEXT>
begin 644 tm2511327d1_ex99-1img002.jpg
M_]C_X  02D9)1@ ! 0$ R #(  #_VP!#  $! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$!
M 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0'_
MVP!# 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$!
M 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0'_P  1" !X 3,# 2(  A$! Q$!_\0
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MC"7P3\1SX1\+> =0\3K_ ,)#8:9X*T72--%G,=#TFXT#1+V;Q;=^+=.U#4]
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MZBAAB^(/P.^-'@742RK+Y&EZ3K>G0HQ7>T6IZG?>%+ZX15&6VZ*UPX!,8WA
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M\:Z9I5V8;2TU?PEJMM)%XJAE@M(CIOB?P?K6EZYI^G37&G:-XE@626[;L/\
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M*5.'L^;GY.6*37-]K6^O6]S[M*2YN9W?/-W_ +KG)Q^Z+BOD%%%%:#"BBB@
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M+_@F#]G[QOXBA\*>/_&^I^(M#77(=3\.Q6^J"QO'9%NX5NKGR64XC$\@50,
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M_@M.G_&J']O)9&WC_AGWQ>H4D%"#+IW+(059D)!C+J2IX(P3G^1RV_X.9/\
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M9\%?'5Y>'Q9%8P:1I5[I7AC47\+WFE33-&FEZ[IVNKI<7AZ6 17<>K?9K;3
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M,FG.<5*JJ5[SC&4U%I2:?P-X;)D_X-$OBGYA+O+KFFQC< RA'_:T^&ZNN&W
M9\UQP-H5BJ@)@"A_P:*<?&_]M;+ X^%GP=)8G<Q"^,/&;,.068EFX)^8$X7J
M /T!TK_@FM^V38_\&\'CC]@6;X7Z4W[4_B'Q!IVH:=\/4\?_  ]DTV6U3]H?
MP9\1+V*3QM_PD]OX+M=OA70]5ECD_M^1Q<10V\44TT@C7&_X-V/^"9/[:_[
MGQ+_ &HO$G[5GPRTKX?:3\1O OP\T#P5?:=\2?A]\07U74O#OB/Q!=7RS6W@
MKQ%K%U8_9K*YT^2-K^WM89Y9)D226;S$7ESKB?A:?!/C'A*'$N7SQ&:\;YYB
M,OP-.%*.(Q&!C4X7J82O0KTX1J.A5Y:\J5.,W!NE5<(W<D^K 9)FDN)^",4L
M%.C@\NR6E#$J<;^RQ%3"XF%>%1N_O*HX*-T[+:RLC^/W]C&+PIXU_P""D7[/
MMA^W5-);V&N_M7;_ -I!_&\@2%_B1-XTU*]\2:/XV%](Z/I-_P#%8QZ3XM.I
ME;:71;C6/M,Z%WK_ %//CQX4^#>L? KXE^$OC;I/A1/@7_P@6N6OC;3_ !(N
ME6OA#2/!5KI$AN)9TNU&GZ9;Z19QHUG/80L^F30VDNG?OXXR/Y5_^"RG_!NA
M\0/CM\6_%_[5/["%KH&J^,_BAK6M^+?C3\$/%OC.R\(2:YXOU3R[V7Q-\+M;
MUBU@\)6^HZOJ9FOO$?A[Q5XC\(V-[J=P^IVWBFV:26S?\6M2_8!_X.%?B]HK
M_LU^*_AC^U]XE\#V,4&DWOA+QW\5-#LOA/<VVGF&2*VG\4^+OB59> ?$.AV]
MS"9 L'B[78)V@C?3]/N-MM-<=_$.&X5\4Y<&9_@^..&.%WPYEN#PN:Y5CL=6
MPN-RZIA/9QDX4X.G3==TJ'M:7L85*;A4I3]G=S1PY<\VX0EGV5RX7Q&:0S;%
M8N6'QE+FE&I"M5K-1TIU.2G%XB,=)4H\T.]I1\ _X(8WOB./_@K-^Q7#X2:9
M6;XC>)M.U:...1V7P@O@CQ<-6^URHJ_N8;2*TM9IY!B[U&&6?D-D^>>#/"'A
M[XA_\%?++P'XNTV+5/"?B;_@HIK^DZQI%RL4EI>Z6_QUU.^:PO() (;JRU$V
MUWIUW;N/*G@ED0@JV:_LN_X(C_\ !#,_L!WLW[1/[3%[X=\4?M7ZS97^BZ!I
M/A#4]0USP3\'_"FL)$NH6=CJMUI]E;>(/'.N)";;7=3M$.EZ'IX33M%FOU>?
M5+W\9?AG_P $,O\ @IKX>_X*=^'OVA=<^!/AZU^$.F?MF:O\7[GQA!\9O@W?
M2Q_#^7XL:WXOM-7;P[!XXMO%5U<7&EWL,JZ+%I5K?6WFFU, D1HJ^NCXB<$8
MGBGCBKA^(<'EM# <&Y/EN0YQ64JU+.<RP6'XAIXJI1K5HSK5\#5KNG*BJDN5
M4_JFEH4)0\^?"6;X?+.'H3R6M.IB,\Q&.K4.;VKPT,0J;Y:B<I<GVHRE+5J*
M4DKNW[J?\'.7AGP[>?\ !*#QOJ%SHU@]SX-^+WP-N/#,HL8"^B+>^.-.T">/
M2<1_\2^*71[N;3YH[7RXWM&V$%2*_-7_ (,_@AMO^"A3"-4_XF7[+4H"#:-Y
MT_X[*TF!@;RB!2<DD# 'S'/[H?\ !;[]ECXY_MG?\$]OB-\!?V<_"MCXV^*6
MN^.OA7XATKP[J7B7P[X-MKS2_"_C73]?UXCQ#XKO;+0$FAT^"9H8C>PR.P6*
M.>.0I*OYA_\ !"?_ ()H?MP?L2?"?_@H'X?^/O@^[^#?B_XY^&OA=8?!G6O!
M?Q,^&WB?77\4>"/#_P 7HFOK6^\&>(=>LO#LEE>^)O"T<<OB2_M;2Y+7;2NE
MM]HF'X]D>?9)+P,XFX?QF?8:EQ!6XDRN5&A5M*<:,\PRAUZU*E+FFU%5*^(J
M>SU]DZC=U*7-]GF>68N7B+D^8X;+*T\(LJKRKRBK4Y5*=*LX\[4N3VBC"FH\
MW,[N"37(K?U@!SC/)[CD9_7/M_G-+&Q8MD$8QC)ZYSV[=*_G>\,_!C_@M!ID
M?P'L9?BYKIT2Z^!/P2N?VAF\4>/?AKXA\=:=^T#X>\2^,/B!X_@\%7>E:??6
M<WA'7[Q;3X4?$&)+R2PN/"'B+P4_@*>=?!/B*^N?Z&;4GS+E2RLH="""VX%E
M/R,"-N%01[75OG!)9%(R_P"1X_+8Y;[*$,QPV;*LF_K&%<N6"5_CA*%-PYFO
M=7*[IIWUT^ZP&-J8QUE+ 5\,J+2YZKTUV:M*2=]M6[-K3>UVBBBN ] *:PR"
M,XZ?S'\^E.H/]1^AHLGH]GH_0%HT?+G[9G[-.@?M?_LQ?%_]FKQ1XH\2^#-$
M^+GA2[\,7GBCPDS#6]'9Y8K^TNX;504U.UBO;&V:_P!'FDBAU>R\^P:XB^T!
MQ_EM_MY?\$WOVKO^"=OCUO!GQ^\ RQ>$+^XG/P^^,/A::/7/A=\0=)^W7VGZ
M==Z9KEF!+X?\17.G:7;7&L>!?%EIHOB31KE7O[.ROM$UJSU&;_6_F$A!V*3G
M&=K*K!0,_(3P6ST#$*?XF %>7?%CX/\ PZ^-O@G4_AW\6?A[X5^)O@?7H_)U
MCPAXQTG2]8T&[!1UCF>RU&WNH[:ZM]WF07MD4O+:Y"S6DD3J)%_1_#GQ/S;P
M^Q-:E0C5JY5BY_[=AZ<?WE2FE;FHSY7:I[L$XS4H3C%)>R?O/XKB_@[#\546
MXN-+,:4.7"5ZLG&E&3DFXU&].1Q4U?HVM[M/_&7RS!B,\':V#RK%48!NX)CD
M1@" =KJ>C+E?F_B^HYSD'O[=^#SZU_=S^V]_P:E_"SQCIVK^,_V$/B+<_"3Q
MO+=7%_%\(_BUJFH:]\)-02ZGEO+G3=)\5V%EJ_CKP9,LLH@TZYGC\8Z9:V\4
M=I)I+0JD\?\ -G\<_P#@A=_P5<^ \EQ/XE_8]\=^/-&BN&MK;Q%\";[P]\;;
M34U4L1=P^&?AW?:GX^TRU"C8)=<\%:2)51;IU@DGDM+;^PN&_%?@;B/#0E@\
MUH9/5:3Q6"S?%8;+ZE6M:ZG&.*K45-1DY-.$I:O7E;2?X/FO O$N5SG3>6U,
M73CK[; TJF)32ZJ5*,E;1MJ]TNCLVOR2I.,]LDCO[\$^F.3Z#%?1>I?L??M<
M:-=2V.K_ +*W[26EWL#;)[*_^!?Q0M;R!\!@L]K-X62>%BI# 2QKE2&&003W
M'@O_ ()Y?M[_ !'N;2U\#?L4_M5^)&O+F&U2]LO@%\3H=%@FN03!_:7B*^\-
M6GA_1X' 8_;-7U2QLTPQDN$"MCZ^MQ!D.'C3JXG.\GH8:<G&=>MFF I4K<O-
M;VL\5&%W_B72UW9/YVEE&:U:OL*66X^I6TO3AA,1*:ULKQC3NE?2_3Y'Q\8U
MZD@ C))^7@\9')&>HY[U9BM)Y[RTT^PM[C4=0U"=+.PL+.(W%[?WDC*L%I9V
MZ#?<W4K,JQP(#)(S*JJ20M?T8_LV?\&OG_!2#XLZQH\_QQM/AA^R]X(>]5M<
MN?$OCG0_B%\1?[/D7<P\.^$OA5?>)?#5U<%.&3Q#X\\)SV<^1-9W#HT3_P!>
MG[ __!#W]B/]@&\LO&7@GP;??%+XSVTMI-'\9?BP=,\0>*M(FM8AB7PAIZVT
M>@>#MTT<<WGZ+IZZJ9DBD_M-'3S5_-N*?&W@OAB5:G@ZD.)<7[.<:&3X.K3Q
M>1XR;5E6S/%T?:4(2P\FO81C4G.49U5RQ:L?;Y+X<\09G5I_6U5P.!4X.I]:
MA5HSG"]_<IU.7FE%1:;6D7)6E[R/YX/^"(?_  ;[^+?%FN^%_P!K;]OSX?3:
M#X%T\:7XH^#/[/GB17CUOQKJ\;2RV/C7XMZ%/917GAOPK$YM-1T3P)K%K;:[
MJ5]'!J?B&VTS28GT?5_[F;*U2RB2VBB6&W@A2"&)(HH4AAAPEO#$ENWDK#'"
M(X8(XU411PHI4$C-E(I@%#J&8G<[*VU,]  C/(Q;& P+*@'S*Q(V58"'C(XX
M'4<#IZ]<?7OZFOXUXOXNSSC?,JF8YM.E0A[U+!X&@W]7R_!1J5*M/"8:-VE"
M,ZDI-W<IR;;Y5:"_>\GR#+^'L-&A@*<N9RO4GNZE648QE-VZ6BK:6BNMVVW)
MC)(SZ?K_ /6%25 7\LL9 50+D$*6Z9))V!C@ ]P">3SVYWQ!XW\(>$X(KOQ1
MXCTGP[:SW*6D%UK5Y%IEM-<R1M,D$5Q>&&&20Q*SD(YV@'=BODL5C,)@Z-?$
MXO%8?"8;#0A/$8C%5Z6'HT(3G3I0G6K5ITJ5.,ZM6G3C*<XQE4J0@FY2C%_0
M4*.(KUJ.&I4ZN)Q6)G*GAZ&'I5:]:O4C3G6E3HT:%*M5JSA1IU*DHPIRDJ=.
M<VN6$I+J:*X+0?BE\.?%5W)8>%_&GA[Q)?1()9K/0-2@UBZA@959;J:WTYKF
M6*S8.H6]D1;4L=@F+@J.M75+!]FV?._[O[J8' ;9N8&,%$W@IO?:F\%-VX$#
M&EFF6UZ$<3A\QP.(PTU5<<1A\9AL11:H58T*_P"]P];$07L*\HT:W-*'L:DH
MPJJFY*^F(PN)PE>>&Q>&Q.$Q--T5/#XO#XC"5XO$TG7PZ=+%T,+4?UB@I5J'
M)"HJU.,ITW-)I:%%4?[3L=@E^T)Y1,B^9M?RU,09I"[[=L:H%;+N57(QG) J
M7[9;["^\[0@DR8Y0=A4,&V[-Q# C:0/F.5&6! [5)2491:<9\SA):QDHMQER
MR2<7RM-.TM&GZG-SPO47-&]+E]JG)*5/GBIQYXMJ4.:#4H\T5>+NNRLT566[
MMW+A7):,*77RY=R;\E=RE,J6 RH(R5PP&""8VU&T1Q&TCACNP?L]P4&T$L#(
M(C&K  Y5F#<'C@T<RTU6JDUJM5%)R:[J*:;[)K?HW*,8N4FHQ482<F[)1J6Y
M)-NR2GS1Y7L[KNKW:8X!Z_W6_I5:._M)E5XY<JX4@M'*GWF95#!T4HS%3M5P
MK,,, 5()8;ZV>22%)"98XP[(8Y0=KO(BE=R /\\$@;86V8&_;YD>_*K.DK4Y
MSBFZ].ARRDD_;.;:IV=O?_=S]V]_<DE=IH*<HU(QG3E&<)TO;PG%J494;0E[
M6+6]/EG"7/;EY9Q=TI)OP;]J#X#>$_VH_@+\6?V>?')U*'PI\7O NN>"=8U'
M1Y9[34M'CUJRN8;+5["ZA EBO=,ODMKVWDM3Y]M/%#-)LB=94_SA-:_9/_X*
M_?\ !'W]IQ/'_@CP'\7O[<\*OJEGX=^,?P^\->(_BY\%OB'X3UF\>%;;Q$EC
M9:WIGEZM8Z?9:AKW@_Q#8Z7J>A:C;V"Q^8@M+J;_ $[WOK>(JA<[AO)VQRN"
M(XTD;#HC)A4.0=V&.Y5RRL!S-KXZ\(WOBC7/"-AXFTJ[\4>';#1M4U_PW:WT
M-QJ^DZ=KJWAT>^U'3UQ/96VHI874EM*X"R0I'.2L4\#R?<<'^)5?@6./RW$X
M7)\UR;.YQP\LLSG%4L/A\14J*M",L,ZN(HJIB8^QQ-'V4(UISA"JE3C*C+E^
M9SWA##\2REBL-6QF#QN5\N*J9C@</5KRPM.G[%*>)E3HU(T*#>,PK]K5G2I<
MU;#KVC=:DI?YE?[17Q._X+(?\%A_&?PR\&>/_@Y\9_B4/"FJ&T\"^#O!GP6U
MGX;_  XT+Q!K:B.]\9>*9KZQTGPGH6H65L/L?_"P/&GBG3(M(T^Y;3+"UB@F
M\0"O[HO^".__  3[O_\ @G5^Q?X1^#WBN+19/B_XGUO4_B7\:;KPW<2:AI,W
MC[Q$;""/3M,U*Z\F*^L?"N@:9I6@0S1L\4@L&D@DFC,;R_I/X@^)/@/PX\=K
MXC\:>'/#US<VXNK:#6M:LM&FN+-KDV8N;>/4;B W,)NOW'G0!X]ZL-V </\
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MDEELSKMF\%[=6$CLFG7.^WA$<"JM;UY\/OVC/@3\9/BGXL^"7A/PE\5OA?\
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MP3^S3^QK\-?C?X2^&?A"^^*NL>#?!?@KP]<V6CV.FZQX@U[QCJ5JGD:OK5E
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M;S/TAT.PFM[33X'VQ2VMI86,R1LDT:S6EE%YB.ZJK.4RT(<D-@,2%\PJ/;X
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BK;ZJ_FP5*DK-PYFG=.4YR:?2UY=/ZT+=%%%!H%%%% '_V0$!

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>8
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.25.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="id2">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 01, 2025</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Apr.  01,  2025<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-12019<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000081362<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">23-0993790<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">PA<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">901 E. Hector Street<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Conshohocken<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">PA<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">19428<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">610<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">832-4000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, $1 par value<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">KWR<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NYSE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EXCEL
<SEQUENCE>9
<FILENAME>Financial_Report.xlsx
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
begin 644 Financial_Report.xlsx
M4$L#!!0    ( ,Z#@UI&QTU(E0   ,T    0    9&]C4')O<',O87!P+GAM
M;$W/30O", P&X+]2=K>9BAZD#D0]BIZ\SRYUA;8I;83Z[^T$/VYY><@;HBZ)
M(B:VF$7Q+N1M,S+'#4#6(_H^R\JABJ'D>ZXQW8&,L1H/I!\> \.B;=> A3$,
M.,SBM[#IU"Y&9W7/ED)WLCI1)L/B6#0ZL2<?J]P<"A#G>B4^BQ-+.9<K!?^+
M4\L54Y[FRF_\9 6_![H74$L#!!0    ( ,Z#@UH#3*]8[P   "L"   1
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M@2";_-;;I/;=X Q\U*M:I60K$3]+!WP?D@9CC%OT-%^/%&*MIK&MQMHQ#'F
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M-4H2U\7!ZQ^4ZD2HN7/08&<B+EA0BJN$7/D=<.I[.T!*1D.QD8E>I6.5Z*U
M.EK >MKBRAE#VQH%.JB]XY8:8P*IL0,@9^O1=#%-)IXPC,^[V?S!9@K(RDT*
M$3FQ!'_'G2/)W55D(TADIJ]X(;+U[/M!3EN#OI'-X_T,:3?D@6)8YL_X>\87
M_QO.\1'"[K\_L;S63AI_YHOA/UY_ 5!+ 0(4 Q0    ( ,Z#@UI&QTU(E0
M ,T    0              "  0    !D;V-0<F]P<R]A<' N>&UL4$L! A0#
M%     @ SH.#6@-,KUCO    *P(  !$              ( !PP   &1O8U!R
M;W!S+V-O<F4N>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ SH.#6IE<G",0!@  G"<  !,
M         ( !X0$  'AL+W1H96UE+W1H96UE,2YX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " #.
M@X-:89H%+D<$  !X$   &               @($B"   >&PO=V]R:W-H965T
M<R]S:&5E=#$N>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ SH.#6I^@&_"Q @  X@P   T
M         ( !GPP  'AL+W-T>6QE<RYX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " #.@X-:EXJ[
M',     3 @  "P              @ %[#P  7W)E;',O+G)E;'-02P$"% ,4
M    " #.@X-:JL0B%C,!   B @  #P              @ %D$   >&PO=V]R
M:V)O;VLN>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ SH.#6B0>FZ*M    ^ $  !H
M     ( !Q!$  'AL+U]R96QS+W=O<FMB;V]K+GAM;"YR96QS4$L! A0#%
M  @ SH.#6F60>9(9 0  SP,  !,              ( !J1(  %M#;VYT96YT
A7U1Y<&5S72YX;6Q02P4&      D "0 ^ @  \Q,

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>10
<FILENAME>Show.js
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
// Edgar(tm) Renderer was created by staff of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.  Data and content created by government employees within the scope of their employment are not subject to domestic copyright protection. 17 U.S.C. 105.
var Show={};Show.LastAR=null,Show.showAR=function(a,r,w){if(Show.LastAR)Show.hideAR();var e=a;while(e&&e.nodeName!='TABLE')e=e.nextSibling;if(!e||e.nodeName!='TABLE'){var ref=((window)?w.document:document).getElementById(r);if(ref){e=ref.cloneNode(!0);
e.removeAttribute('id');a.parentNode.appendChild(e)}}
if(e)e.style.display='block';Show.LastAR=e};Show.hideAR=function(){Show.LastAR.style.display='none'};Show.toggleNext=function(a){var e=a;while(e.nodeName!='DIV')e=e.nextSibling;if(!e.style){}else if(!e.style.display){}else{var d,p_;if(e.style.display=='none'){d='block';p='-'}else{d='none';p='+'}
e.style.display=d;if(a.textContent){a.textContent=p+a.textContent.substring(1)}else{a.innerText=p+a.innerText.substring(1)}}}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>11
<FILENAME>report.css
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
/* Updated 2009-11-04 */
/* v2.2.0.24 */

/* DefRef Styles */
.report table.authRefData{
	background-color: #def;
	border: 2px solid #2F4497;
	font-size: 1em;
	position: absolute;
}

.report table.authRefData a {
	display: block;
	font-weight: bold;
}

.report table.authRefData p {
	margin-top: 0px;
}

.report table.authRefData .hide {
	background-color: #2F4497;
	padding: 1px 3px 0px 0px;
	text-align: right;
}

.report table.authRefData .hide a:hover {
	background-color: #2F4497;
}

.report table.authRefData .body {
	height: 150px;
	overflow: auto;
	width: 400px;
}

.report table.authRefData table{
	font-size: 1em;
}

/* Report Styles */
.pl a, .pl a:visited {
	color: black;
	text-decoration: none;
}

/* table */
.report {
	background-color: white;
	border: 2px solid #acf;
	clear: both;
	color: black;
	font: normal 8pt Helvetica, Arial, san-serif;
	margin-bottom: 2em;
}

.report hr {
	border: 1px solid #acf;
}

/* Top labels */
.report th {
	background-color: #acf;
	color: black;
	font-weight: bold;
	text-align: center;
}

.report th.void	{
	background-color: transparent;
	color: #000000;
	font: bold 10pt Helvetica, Arial, san-serif;
	text-align: left;
}

.report .pl {
	text-align: left;
	vertical-align: top;
	white-space: normal;
	width: 200px;
	white-space: normal; /* word-wrap: break-word; */
}

.report td.pl a.a {
	cursor: pointer;
	display: block;
	width: 200px;
	overflow: hidden;
}

.report td.pl div.a {
	width: 200px;
}

.report td.pl a:hover {
	background-color: #ffc;
}

/* Header rows... */
.report tr.rh {
	background-color: #acf;
	color: black;
	font-weight: bold;
}

/* Calendars... */
.report .rc {
	background-color: #f0f0f0;
}

/* Even rows... */
.report .re, .report .reu {
	background-color: #def;
}

.report .reu td {
	border-bottom: 1px solid black;
}

/* Odd rows... */
.report .ro, .report .rou {
	background-color: white;
}

.report .rou td {
	border-bottom: 1px solid black;
}

.report .rou table td, .report .reu table td {
	border-bottom: 0px solid black;
}

/* styles for footnote marker */
.report .fn {
	white-space: nowrap;
}

/* styles for numeric types */
.report .num, .report .nump {
	text-align: right;
	white-space: nowrap;
}

.report .nump {
	padding-left: 2em;
}

.report .nump {
	padding: 0px 0.4em 0px 2em;
}

/* styles for text types */
.report .text {
	text-align: left;
	white-space: normal;
}

.report .text .big {
	margin-bottom: 1em;
	width: 17em;
}

.report .text .more {
	display: none;
}

.report .text .note {
	font-style: italic;
	font-weight: bold;
}

.report .text .small {
	width: 10em;
}

.report sup {
	font-style: italic;
}

.report .outerFootnotes {
	font-size: 1em;
}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>13
<FILENAME>FilingSummary.xml
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<XML>
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<FilingSummary>
  <Version>3.25.1</Version>
  <ProcessingTime/>
  <ReportFormat>html</ReportFormat>
  <ContextCount>1</ContextCount>
  <ElementCount>22</ElementCount>
  <EntityCount>1</EntityCount>
  <FootnotesReported>false</FootnotesReported>
  <SegmentCount>0</SegmentCount>
  <ScenarioCount>0</ScenarioCount>
  <TuplesReported>false</TuplesReported>
  <UnitCount>3</UnitCount>
  <MyReports>
    <Report instance="tm2511327d1_8k.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R1.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>00000001 - Document - Cover</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover</Role>
      <ShortName>Cover</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Cover</MenuCategory>
      <Position>1</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report>
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <LongName>All Reports</LongName>
      <ReportType>Book</ReportType>
      <ShortName>All Reports</ShortName>
    </Report>
  </MyReports>
  <InputFiles>
    <File>kwr-20250401.xsd</File>
    <File>kwr-20250401_lab.xml</File>
    <File>kwr-20250401_pre.xml</File>
    <File doctype="8-K" isOnlyDei="true" isUsgaap="true" original="tm2511327d1_8k.htm">tm2511327d1_8k.htm</File>
  </InputFiles>
  <SupplementalFiles/>
  <BaseTaxonomies>
    <BaseTaxonomy items="22">http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023</BaseTaxonomy>
  </BaseTaxonomies>
  <HasPresentationLinkbase>true</HasPresentationLinkbase>
  <HasCalculationLinkbase>false</HasCalculationLinkbase>
</FilingSummary>
</XML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>JSON
<SEQUENCE>15
<FILENAME>MetaLinks.json
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
{
 "version": "2.2",
 "instance": {
  "tm2511327d1_8k.htm": {
   "nsprefix": "kwr",
   "nsuri": "http://quakerchem.com/20250401",
   "dts": {
    "schema": {
     "local": [
      "kwr-20250401.xsd"
     ],
     "remote": [
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xl-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xlink-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2006/ref-2006-02-27.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/net-2009-12-16.xsd",
      "https://www.xbrl.org/2020/extensible-enumerations-2.0.xsd",
      "https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21/types.xsd",
      "https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2022-03-31/types.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-2023.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-roles-2023.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-types-2023.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-roles-2023.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-types-2023.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2023/country-2023.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd"
     ]
    },
    "labelLink": {
     "local": [
      "kwr-20250401_lab.xml"
     ]
    },
    "presentationLink": {
     "local": [
      "kwr-20250401_pre.xml"
     ]
    },
    "inline": {
     "local": [
      "tm2511327d1_8k.htm"
     ]
    }
   },
   "keyStandard": 22,
   "keyCustom": 0,
   "axisStandard": 0,
   "axisCustom": 0,
   "memberStandard": 0,
   "memberCustom": 0,
   "hidden": {
    "total": 2,
    "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023": 2
   },
   "contextCount": 1,
   "entityCount": 1,
   "segmentCount": 0,
   "elementCount": 59,
   "unitCount": 3,
   "baseTaxonomies": {
    "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023": 22
   },
   "report": {
    "R1": {
     "role": "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover",
     "longName": "00000001 - Document - Cover",
     "shortName": "Cover",
     "isDefault": "true",
     "groupType": "document",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Cover",
     "order": "1",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2025-04-01",
      "name": "dei:DocumentType",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "b",
       "p",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "tm2511327d1_8k.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2025-04-01",
      "name": "dei:DocumentType",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "b",
       "p",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "tm2511327d1_8k.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    }
   },
   "tag": {
    "dei_AmendmentDescription": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "AmendmentDescription",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Amendment Description",
        "documentation": "Description of changes contained within amended document."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_AmendmentFlag": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "AmendmentFlag",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Amendment Flag",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_AnnualInformationForm": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "AnnualInformationForm",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Annual Information Form",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag with value true on a form if it is an annual report containing an annual information form."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r14"
     ]
    },
    "dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Audited Annual Financial Statements",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag with value true on a form if it is an annual report containing audited financial statements."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r14"
     ]
    },
    "dei_CityAreaCode": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "CityAreaCode",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "City Area Code",
        "documentation": "Area code of city"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_CountryRegion": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "CountryRegion",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Country Region",
        "documentation": "Region code of country"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_CoverAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "CoverAbstract",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Cover [Abstract]",
        "documentation": "Cover page."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate": {
     "xbrltype": "gMonthDayItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "CurrentFiscalYearEndDate",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Current Fiscal Year End Date",
        "documentation": "End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_DocumentAccountingStandard": {
     "xbrltype": "accountingStandardItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentAccountingStandard",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Accounting Standard",
        "documentation": "The basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing This can either be 'U.S. GAAP', 'International Financial Reporting Standards', or 'Other'."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r13"
     ]
    },
    "dei_DocumentAnnualReport": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentAnnualReport",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Annual Report",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as an annual report."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r11",
      "r13",
      "r14"
     ]
    },
    "dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus": {
     "xbrltype": "fiscalPeriodItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Fiscal Period Focus",
        "documentation": "Fiscal period values are FY, Q1, Q2, and Q3.  1st, 2nd and 3rd quarter 10-Q or 10-QT statements have value Q1, Q2, and Q3 respectively, with 10-K, 10-KT or other fiscal year statements having FY."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus": {
     "xbrltype": "gYearItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentFiscalYearFocus",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Fiscal Year Focus",
        "documentation": "This is focus fiscal year of the document report in YYYY format. For a 2006 annual report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, fiscal 2006 should be given as the fiscal year focus. Example: 2006."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentPeriodEndDate",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Period End Date",
        "documentation": "For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentPeriodStartDate",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Period Start Date",
        "documentation": "The start date of the period covered in the document, in YYYY-MM-DD format."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentQuarterlyReport",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Quarterly Report",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as an quarterly report."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r12"
     ]
    },
    "dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentRegistrationStatement",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Registration Statement",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as a registration statement."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r0"
     ]
    },
    "dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentShellCompanyEventDate",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Shell Company Event Date",
        "documentation": "Date of event requiring a shell company report."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r13"
     ]
    },
    "dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentShellCompanyReport",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Shell Company Report",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true for a Shell Company Report pursuant to section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r13"
     ]
    },
    "dei_DocumentTransitionReport": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentTransitionReport",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Transition Report",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as a transition report."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r15"
     ]
    },
    "dei_DocumentType": {
     "xbrltype": "submissionTypeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentType",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Type",
        "documentation": "The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Documents Incorporated by Reference [Text Block]",
        "documentation": "Documents incorporated by reference."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r3"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityAddressAddressLine1",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, Address Line One",
        "documentation": "Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityAddressAddressLine2",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, Address Line Two",
        "documentation": "Address Line 2 such as Street or Suite number"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityAddressAddressLine3",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, Address Line Three",
        "documentation": "Address Line 3 such as an Office Park"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityAddressCityOrTown",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, City or Town",
        "documentation": "Name of the City or Town"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressCountry": {
     "xbrltype": "countryCodeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityAddressCountry",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, Country",
        "documentation": "ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityAddressPostalZipCode",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, Postal Zip Code",
        "documentation": "Code for the postal or zip code"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince": {
     "xbrltype": "stateOrProvinceItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityAddressStateOrProvince",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, State or Province",
        "documentation": "Name of the state or province."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Bankruptcy Proceedings, Reporting Current",
        "documentation": "For registrants involved in bankruptcy proceedings during the preceding five years, the value Yes indicates that the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court; the value No indicates the registrant has not.  Registrants not involved in bankruptcy proceedings during the preceding five years should not report this element."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r6"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityCentralIndexKey": {
     "xbrltype": "centralIndexKeyItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityCentralIndexKey",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Central Index Key",
        "documentation": "A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding": {
     "xbrltype": "sharesItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding",
        "documentation": "Indicate number of shares or other units outstanding of each of registrant's classes of capital or common stock or other ownership interests, if and as stated on cover of related periodic report. Where multiple classes or units exist define each class/interest by adding class of stock items such as Common Class A [Member], Common Class B [Member] or Partnership Interest [Member] onto the Instrument [Domain] of the Entity Listings, Instrument."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus": {
     "xbrltype": "yesNoItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityCurrentReportingStatus",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Current Reporting Status",
        "documentation": "Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' whether registrants (1) have filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that registrants were required to file such reports), and (2) have been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityEmergingGrowthCompany",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Emerging Growth Company",
        "documentation": "Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityExTransitionPeriod",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Elected Not To Use the Extended Transition Period",
        "documentation": "Indicate if an emerging growth company has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r19"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityFileNumber": {
     "xbrltype": "fileNumberItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityFileNumber",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity File Number",
        "documentation": "Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityFilerCategory": {
     "xbrltype": "filerCategoryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityFilerCategory",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Filer Category",
        "documentation": "Indicate whether the registrant is one of the following: Large Accelerated Filer, Accelerated Filer, Non-accelerated Filer. Definitions of these categories are stated in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode": {
     "xbrltype": "edgarStateCountryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code",
        "documentation": "Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "yesNoItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityInteractiveDataCurrent",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Interactive Data Current",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r16"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber": {
     "xbrltype": "sicNumberItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityPrimarySicNumber",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Primary SIC Number",
        "documentation": "Primary Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Number for the Entity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r14"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityPublicFloat": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityPublicFloat",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Public Float",
        "documentation": "The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityRegistrantName": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityRegistrantName",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Registrant Name",
        "documentation": "The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityShellCompany": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityShellCompany",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Shell Company",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the registrant is a shell company as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntitySmallBusiness": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntitySmallBusiness",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Small Business",
        "documentation": "Indicates that the company is a Smaller Reporting Company (SRC)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber": {
     "xbrltype": "employerIdItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityTaxIdentificationNumber",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Tax Identification Number",
        "documentation": "The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers": {
     "xbrltype": "yesNoItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityVoluntaryFilers",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Voluntary Filers",
        "documentation": "Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer": {
     "xbrltype": "yesNoItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer",
        "documentation": "Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Is used on Form Type: 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K, 20-F, 6-K, 10-K/A, 10-Q/A, 20-F/A, 6-K/A, N-CSR, N-Q, N-1A."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r17"
     ]
    },
    "dei_Extension": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "Extension",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Extension",
        "documentation": "Extension number for local phone number."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_LocalPhoneNumber": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "LocalPhoneNumber",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Local Phone Number",
        "documentation": "Local phone number for entity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag": {
     "xbrltype": "trueItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "NoTradingSymbolFlag",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "No Trading Symbol Flag",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a security having no trading symbol."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber": {
     "xbrltype": "otherReportingStandardItemNumberItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "OtherReportingStandardItemNumber",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Other Reporting Standard Item Number",
        "documentation": "\"Item 17\" or \"Item 18\" specified when the basis of accounting is neither US GAAP nor IFRS."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r13"
     ]
    },
    "dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r7"
     ]
    },
    "dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "PreCommencementTenderOffer",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Pre-commencement Tender Offer",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "dei_Security12bTitle": {
     "xbrltype": "securityTitleItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "Security12bTitle",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Title of 12(b) Security",
        "documentation": "Title of a 12(b) registered security."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "dei_Security12gTitle": {
     "xbrltype": "securityTitleItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "Security12gTitle",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Title of 12(g) Security",
        "documentation": "Title of a 12(g) registered security."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5"
     ]
    },
    "dei_SecurityExchangeName": {
     "xbrltype": "edgarExchangeCodeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "SecurityExchangeName",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Security Exchange Name",
        "documentation": "Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r4"
     ]
    },
    "dei_SecurityReportingObligation": {
     "xbrltype": "securityReportingObligationItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "SecurityReportingObligation",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Security Reporting Obligation",
        "documentation": "15(d), indicating whether the security has a reporting obligation under that section of the Exchange Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r9"
     ]
    },
    "dei_SolicitingMaterial": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "SolicitingMaterial",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Soliciting Material",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r10"
     ]
    },
    "dei_TradingSymbol": {
     "xbrltype": "tradingSymbolItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "TradingSymbol",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Trading Symbol",
        "documentation": "Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_WrittenCommunications": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023",
     "localname": "WrittenCommunications",
     "presentation": [
      "http://quakerchem.com/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Written Communications",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r18"
     ]
    }
   }
  }
 },
 "std_ref": {
  "r0": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12"
  },
  "r1": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "b"
  },
  "r2": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "b-2"
  },
  "r3": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "b-23"
  },
  "r4": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "d1-1"
  },
  "r5": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "g"
  },
  "r6": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12, 13, 15d"
  },
  "r7": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "13e",
   "Subsection": "4c"
  },
  "r8": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "14d",
   "Subsection": "2b"
  },
  "r9": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "15",
   "Subsection": "d"
  },
  "r10": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Section": "14a",
   "Number": "240",
   "Subsection": "12"
  },
  "r11": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 10-K",
   "Number": "249",
   "Section": "310"
  },
  "r12": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 10-Q",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "308",
   "Subsection": "a"
  },
  "r13": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 20-F",
   "Number": "249",
   "Section": "220",
   "Subsection": "f"
  },
  "r14": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 40-F",
   "Number": "249",
   "Section": "240",
   "Subsection": "f"
  },
  "r15": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Forms 10-K, 10-Q, 20-F",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "13",
   "Subsection": "a-1"
  },
  "r16": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-T",
   "Number": "232",
   "Section": "405"
  },
  "r17": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "405"
  },
  "r18": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "425"
  },
  "r19": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "7A",
   "Section": "B",
   "Subsection": "2"
  }
 }
}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>ZIP
<SEQUENCE>16
<FILENAME>0001104659-25-031707-xbrl.zip
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
begin 644 0001104659-25-031707-xbrl.zip
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MLZRO)*T=NQE;L3*:.+%K.4G;2P8B(0EC$%  T)+^?0%24O1!@.L+US[8,K4
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M.F\=Z;JQ!]PK:HMOW"_W&E9[Y']02P,$%     @ SH.#6BITP3J@%P   GD
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MG00C9*N2$_8*"<A/&:L<'RN55;+5.:^D#5R(SQG1X&S .%A5)N1[U)0[0II
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MS5_-4O/4? D9+-\B@TL8OG=)++%<><VXGR2&;5]3$I\.+N8QJ]B4<0CZXX2
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M2$4#N0G%$IIA/,]"6--M:J1>5Y1O&?D&DA%S@T$=N=DL2TI4N95KL#W!78_
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M(J>5176$#2KQFLI0]TI[X9\Q$@ VB(U.+;0BIH,TR;)F DTT'*\L+LT6\'0
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M_!A:\C2<$OLO1C!1ZJB&E]],@XDXS$GKMIS+.<!:_J>-$CO*&AT>C"FS!*9
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M,3$S,C=D,5\X:RYH=&U02P$"% ,4    " #.@X-:P3SJ>L<3  "(/P  %@
M            @ '=+0  =&TR-3$Q,S(W9#%?97@Y.2TQ+FAT;5!+!08
.!0 % $8!  #800     !

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>17
<FILENAME>tm2511327d1_8k_htm.xml
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<XML>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xbrl
  xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance"
  xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023"
  xmlns:iso4217="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/iso4217"
  xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase"
  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
    <link:schemaRef xlink:href="kwr-20250401.xsd" xlink:type="simple"/>
    <context id="AsOf2025-04-01">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0000081362</identifier>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2025-04-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2025-04-01</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <unit id="USD">
        <measure>iso4217:USD</measure>
    </unit>
    <unit id="Shares">
        <measure>shares</measure>
    </unit>
    <unit id="USDPShares">
        <divide>
            <unitNumerator>
                <measure>iso4217:USD</measure>
            </unitNumerator>
            <unitDenominator>
                <measure>shares</measure>
            </unitDenominator>
        </divide>
    </unit>
    <dei:AmendmentFlag contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000003">false</dei:AmendmentFlag>
    <dei:EntityCentralIndexKey contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000004">0000081362</dei:EntityCentralIndexKey>
    <dei:DocumentType contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000009">8-K</dei:DocumentType>
    <dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000010">2025-04-01</dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate>
    <dei:EntityRegistrantName contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000011">QUAKER CHEMICAL CORPORATION</dei:EntityRegistrantName>
    <dei:EntityFileNumber contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000012">001-12019</dei:EntityFileNumber>
    <dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000013">PA</dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode>
    <dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000014">23-0993790</dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber>
    <dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1 contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000015">901 E. Hector Street</dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1>
    <dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000016">Conshohocken</dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown>
    <dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000017">PA</dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince>
    <dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000018">19428</dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode>
    <dei:CityAreaCode contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000019">610</dei:CityAreaCode>
    <dei:LocalPhoneNumber contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000020">832-4000</dei:LocalPhoneNumber>
    <dei:WrittenCommunications contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000021">false</dei:WrittenCommunications>
    <dei:SolicitingMaterial contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000022">false</dei:SolicitingMaterial>
    <dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000023">false</dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer>
    <dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000024">false</dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer>
    <dei:Security12bTitle contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000025">Common Stock, $1 par value</dei:Security12bTitle>
    <dei:TradingSymbol contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000026">KWR</dei:TradingSymbol>
    <dei:SecurityExchangeName contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000027">NYSE</dei:SecurityExchangeName>
    <dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany contextRef="AsOf2025-04-01" id="Fact000028">false</dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany>
</xbrl>
</XML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
