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LOANS RECEIVABLE AND THE ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]  
Financing Receivables
The following table presents the loans receivable at December 31, 2024 and 2023, by class (dollars in thousands):
 December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
 AmountPercent of TotalAmountPercent of Total
Commercial real estate:    
Owner-occupied$1,027,426 9 %$915,897 8 %
Investment properties1,623,672 14 1,541,344 14 
Small balance CRE1,213,792 11 1,178,500 11 
Multifamily real estate894,425 8 811,232 8 
Construction, land and land development:
Commercial construction122,362 1 170,011 2 
Multifamily construction513,706 5 503,993 5 
One- to four-family construction514,220 5 526,432 5 
Land and land development369,663 3 336,639 3 
Commercial business:
Commercial business1,318,333 11 1,255,734 12 
Small business scored1,104,117 10 1,022,154 9 
Agricultural business, including secured by farmland340,280 3 331,089 3 
One- to four-family residential1,591,260 14 1,518,046 14 
Consumer:
Consumer—home equity revolving lines of credit
625,680 5 588,703 5 
Consumer—other95,720 1 110,681 1 
Total loans11,354,656 100 %10,810,455 100 %
Less allowance for credit losses – loans(155,521)(149,643)
Net loans$11,199,135 $10,660,812 

Loan amounts are net of unearned loan fees in excess of unamortized costs of $15.5 million as of December 31, 2024 and $12.1 million as of December 31, 2023. Net loans include net discounts on acquired loans of $3.5 million and $4.6 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Net loans does not include accrued interest receivable. Accrued interest receivable on loans was $47.7 million as of December 31, 2024 and $47.8 million as of December 31, 2023 and was reported in accrued interest receivable on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had pledged $7.9 billion and $7.6 billion of loans as collateral for FHLB and other borrowings, respectively.
 
The Company’s loans to directors, executive officers and related entities are on substantially the same terms and underwriting as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with unrelated persons and do not involve more than normal risk of collectability.  These loans had balances of $682,600 and $708,000 at December 31, 2024 and 2023 respectively.

Purchased credit-deteriorated and purchased non-credit-deteriorated loans. Loans purchased or acquired in business combinations are recorded at their fair value at the acquisition date. Acquired loans are evaluated upon acquisition and classified as either purchased credit-deteriorated (PCD) or purchased non-credit-deteriorated. There were no PCD loans at December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Troubled Loan Modifications. Occasionally, the Company offers modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty by providing principal forgiveness, interest rate reductions, other-than-insignificant payment delays, term extensions or any combination of these. When principal forgiveness is provided, the amount of the forgiveness is charged-off against the allowance for credit losses - loans. Upon the Company’s determination that a modified loan (or portion of a loan) has subsequently been deemed uncollectible, the loan (or a portion of the loan) is charged off. Therefore, the amortized cost basis of the loan is reduced by the uncollectible amount and the allowance for credit losses - loans is adjusted by the same amount. The allowance for credit losses on modified loans is measured using similar credit loss estimation methods used to determine the allowance for credit losses for all other loans held for investment. These methods incorporate the post-modification loan terms, as well as defaults and charge-offs associated with historical modified loans.

The following tables present the amortized cost basis and financial effect of loans that were experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):
 December 31, 2024
Payment DelayTerm ExtensionTotal
Commercial business$2,889 $1,480 $4,369 
Total$2,889 $1,480 $4,369 

 December 31, 2023
Payment DelayTerm ExtensionTotal
One- to four-family construction$— $4,911 $4,911 
Commercial business121 — 121 
Agricultural business, including secured by farmland1,580 — 1,580 
One- to four-family residential1,060 — 1,060 
Total$2,761 $4,911 $7,672 

The Company had no commitments to lend additional amounts to the borrowers included in the previous tables as of December 31, 2024. The Company closely monitors the performance of loans that are modified for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts.

The following tables present the performance at December 31, 2024 and 2023, of loans that had been modified in the previous 12 months (in thousands).

 December 31, 2024
 30-59 Days Past Due60-89 Days Past Due90 Days or More Past DueNonaccrualTotal
Commercial business$— $— $— $2,889 $2,889 
Total$— $— $— $2,889 $2,889 
 December 31, 2023
 30-59 Days Past Due60-89 Days Past Due90 Days or More Past DueNonaccrualTotal
Commercial business$— $— $— $121 $121 
Agricultural business, including secured by farmland— — — 1,580 1,580 
One- to four-family residential— — — 1,060 1,060 
Total$— $— $— $2,761 $2,761 

The following tables present the financial effect of the loan modifications presented above for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for December 31, 2024 and 2023:
For the Year Ended December 31, 2024
 Weighted Average Payment Delay Period
(in months)		Weighted Average Term Extension
(in months)
Commercial business93
For the Year Ended December 31, 2023
Weighted Average Payment Delay Period (in months)Weighted-Average Term Extension (in months)
One- to four-family constructionn/a14
Commercial business8n/a
Agricultural business, including secured by farmland8n/a
One- to four-family residential8n/a

Credit Quality Indicators:  To appropriately and effectively manage the ongoing credit quality of the Company’s loan portfolio, Management has implemented a risk-rating or loan grading system for its loans.  The system is a tool to evaluate portfolio asset quality throughout each applicable loan’s life as an asset of the Company.  Generally, loans are risk rated on an aggregate borrower/relationship basis with individual loans sharing similar ratings.  There are some instances when specific situations relating to individual loans will provide the basis for different risk ratings within the aggregate relationship.  Loans are graded on a scale of 1 to 9.  A description of the general characteristics of these categories is shown below.

Overall Risk Rating Definitions:  Risk ratings contain both qualitative and quantitative measurements and take into account the financial strength of a borrower and the structure of the loan.  Consequently, the definitions are to be applied in the context of each lending transaction and judgment must also be used to determine the appropriate risk rating, as it is not unusual for a loan to exhibit characteristics of more than one risk-rating category.  Consideration for the final rating is centered on the borrower’s ability to repay, in a timely fashion, both principal and interest.  The Company’s risk-rating and loan grading policies are reviewed and approved annually. There were no material changes in the risk-rating or loan grading system for the periods presented.

Risk Ratings 1-5: Pass
Credits with risk ratings of 1 to 5 meet the definition of a pass risk rating. The strength of credits varies within the pass risk ratings, ranging from a risk rated 1 being an exceptional credit to a risk rated 5 being an acceptable credit that requires a more than normal level of supervision.

Risk Rating 6: Special Mention
A credit with potential weaknesses that deserves Management’s close attention is risk rated a 6.  If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses will result in deterioration in the capacity to repay debt.  A key distinction between Special Mention and Substandard is that in a Special Mention credit, there are identified weaknesses that pose potential risk(s) to the repayment sources, versus well defined weaknesses that pose risk(s) to the repayment sources.  Assets in this category are expected to be in this category no more than 9-12 months as the potential weaknesses in the credit are resolved.

Risk Rating 7: Substandard
A credit with well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the ability to repay in full is risk rated a 7.  These credits are inadequately protected by either the sound net worth and payment capacity of the borrower or the value of pledged collateral.  These are credits with a distinct possibility of loss.  Loans headed for foreclosure and/or legal action due to deterioration are rated 7 or worse.

Risk Rating 8: Doubtful
A credit with an extremely high probability of loss is risk rated 8.  These credits have all the same critical weaknesses that are found in a substandard loan; however, the weaknesses are elevated to the point that, based upon current information, collection or liquidation in full is improbable.  While some loss on doubtful credits is expected, pending events may make the amount and timing of any loss indeterminable.  In these situations, taking the loss is inappropriate until the outcome of the pending event is clear.

Risk Rating 9: Loss
A credit that is considered to be currently uncollectible or of such little value that it is no longer a viable bank asset is risk rated 9.  Losses should be taken in the accounting period in which the credit is determined to be uncollectible.  Taking a loss does not mean that a credit has absolutely no recovery or salvage value but, rather, it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off the credit, even though partial recovery may occur in the future.
The following tables present the Company’s portfolio of risk-rated loans by class and by grade as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands). In addition, the tables include the gross charge-offs for the year ended December 31, 2024. Revolving loans that are converted to term loans are treated as new originations in the table below and are presented by year of origination. Term loans that are renewed or extended for periods longer than 90 days are presented as a new origination in the year of the most recent renewal or extension.
December 31, 2024
Term Loans by Year of OriginationRevolving LoansTotal Loans
By class:20242023202220212020Prior
Commercial real estate - owner occupied
Risk Rating
Pass$188,895 $171,046 $120,470 $152,940 $107,495 $174,221 $56,699 $971,766 
Special Mention2,452 — — — 9,444 — 1,997 13,893 
Substandard— 292 22,020 2,182 — 17,273 — 41,767 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — 
Total Commercial real estate - owner occupied$191,347 $171,338 $142,490 $155,122 $116,939 $191,494 $58,696 $1,027,426 
Current period gross charge-offs$— $— $351 $— $— $— $— $351 
Commercial real estate - investment properties
Risk Rating
Pass$128,132 $144,473 $209,107 $270,202 $142,808 $659,253 $51,925 $1,605,900 
Special Mention— — — — — 2,649 2,027 4,676 
Substandard— — 5,724 — — 7,372 — 13,096 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — 
Total Commercial real estate - investment properties$128,132 $144,473 $214,831 $270,202 $142,808 $669,274 $53,952 $1,623,672 
Current period gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Multifamily real estate
Risk Rating
Pass$124,675 $87,955 $206,373 $205,964 $94,637 $170,235 $2,461 $892,300 
Special Mention— — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — 2,125 — 2,125 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — 
Total Multifamily real estate$124,675 $87,955 $206,373 $205,964 $94,637 $172,360 $2,461 $894,425 
Current period gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
December 31, 2024
Term Loans by Year of OriginationRevolving LoansTotal Loans
By class:20242023202220212020Prior
Commercial construction
Risk Rating
Pass$75,095 $34,032 $12,481 $— $— $— $— $121,608 
Special Mention— — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — 754 — — — 754 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — 
Total Commercial construction$75,095 $34,032 $12,481 $754 $— $— $— $122,362 
Current period gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Multifamily construction
Risk Rating
Pass$151,244 $226,411 $121,706 $— $— $— $14,345 $513,706 
Special Mention— — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — — — — 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — 
Total Multifamily construction$151,244 $226,411 $121,706 $— $— $— $14,345 $513,706 
Current period gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
One- to four- family construction
Risk Rating
Pass$445,602 $50,521 $10,744 $— $— $— $322 $507,189 
Special Mention— — — — — — — — 
Substandard6,293 738 — — — — — 7,031 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — 
Total One- to four- family construction$451,895 $51,259 $10,744 $— $— $— $322 $514,220 
Current period gross charge-offs$— $— $150 $— $— $— $— $150 
December 31, 2024
Term Loans by Year of OriginationRevolving LoansTotal Loans
By class:20242023202220212020Prior
Land and land development
Risk Rating
Pass$197,490 $85,344 $33,283 $22,897 $9,575 $13,871 $1,106 $363,566 
Special Mention— — — — — — — — 
Substandard3,764 1,098 396 277 562 — — 6,097 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — 
Total Land and land development$201,254 $86,442 $33,679 $23,174 $10,137 $13,871 $1,106 $369,663 
Current period gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Commercial business
Risk Rating
Pass$168,794 $129,476 $186,001 $97,590 $108,881 $192,416 $365,770 $1,248,928 
Special Mention241 — 657 818 — 727 12,022 14,465 
Substandard2,889 1,714 547 947 3,214 2,274 43,355 54,940 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — 
Total Commercial business$171,924 $131,190 $187,205 $99,355 $112,095 $195,417 $421,147 $1,318,333 
Current period gross charge-offs$2,301 $418 $— $689 $— $54 $558 $4,020 
Agricultural business, including secured by farmland
Risk Rating
Pass$22,330 $40,228 $19,475 $22,117 $12,746 $53,884 $127,755 $298,535 
Special Mention— — 670 — — — 6,684 7,354 
Substandard1,962 8,980 9,999 1,183 3,367 8,850 50 34,391 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — 
Total Agricultural business, including secured by farmland$24,292 $49,208 $30,144 $23,300 $16,113 $62,734 $134,489 $340,280 
Current period gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
December 31, 2023
Term Loans by Year of OriginationRevolving LoansTotal Loans
By class:20232022202120202019Prior
Commercial real estate - owner occupied
Risk Rating
Pass$170,577 $149,489 $161,647 $139,934 $65,424 $154,036 $36,209 $877,316 
Special Mention— — — — — — 1 1 
Substandard— 14,450 217 4,731 18,999 183 — 38,580 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — 
Total Commercial real estate - owner occupied$170,577 $163,939 $161,864 $144,665 $84,423 $154,219 $36,210 $915,897 
Commercial real estate - investment properties
Risk Rating
Pass$154,128 $168,286 $281,324 $123,315 $156,174 $597,977 $47,936 $1,529,140 
Special Mention— — — — — 2,714 1,198 3,912 
Substandard— — — — — 8,292 — 8,292 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — 
Total Commercial real estate - investment properties$154,128 $168,286 $281,324 $123,315 $156,174 $608,983 $49,134 $1,541,344 
Multifamily real estate
Risk Rating
Pass$96,865 $177,907 $215,220 $101,336 $46,886 $167,305 $3,285 $808,804 
Special Mention— — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — 2,428 — 2,428 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — 
Total Multifamily real estate$96,865 $177,907 $215,220 $101,336 $46,886 $169,733 $3,285 $811,232 
December 31, 2023
Term Loans by Year of OriginationRevolving LoansTotal Loans
By class:20232022202120202019Prior
Commercial construction
Risk Rating
Pass$86,165 $62,302 $4,056 $12,705 $— $1,015 $— $166,243 
Special Mention3,010 — — — — — — 3,010 
Substandard— — 758 — — — — 758 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — 
Total Commercial construction$89,175 $62,302 $4,814 $12,705 $— $1,015 $— $170,011 
Multifamily construction
Risk Rating
Pass$176,729 $256,661 $70,189 $414 $— $— $— $503,993 
Special Mention— — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — — — — 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — 
Total Multifamily construction$176,729 $256,661 $70,189 $414 $— $— $— $503,993 
One- to four- family construction
Risk Rating
Pass$447,818 $43,563 $25,229 $— $329 $— $381 $517,320 
Special Mention— — — — — — — — 
Substandard6,715 253 2,144 — — — — 9,112 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — 
Total One- to four- family construction$454,533 $43,816 $27,373 $— $329 $— $381 $526,432 
December 31, 2023
Term Loans by Year of OriginationRevolving LoansTotal Loans
By class:20232022202120202019Prior
Land and land development
Risk Rating
Pass$188,134 $80,472 $34,146 $12,338 $8,409 $10,152 $2,136 $335,787 
Special Mention— 852 — — — — — 852 
Substandard— — — — — — — — 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — 
Total Land and land development$188,134 $81,324 $34,146 $12,338 $8,409 $10,152 $2,136 $336,639 
Commercial business
Risk Rating
Pass$157,830 $223,582 $121,031 $134,066 $102,545 $126,175 $363,652 $1,228,881 
Special Mention199 — — — 43 — 2,548 2,790 
Substandard1,919 5,207 3,398 5,207 1,509 2,010 4,813 24,063 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — 
Total Commercial business$159,948 $228,789 $124,429 $139,273 $104,097 $128,185 $371,013 $1,255,734 
Agricultural business, including secured by farmland
Risk Rating
Pass$48,620 $35,520 $24,659 $17,658 $23,885 $38,273 $123,158 $311,773 
Special Mention550 — 652 — — 301 308 1,811 
Substandard4,057 — 626 — 7,819 2,280 2,723 17,505 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Loss— — — — — — — — 
Total Agricultural business, including secured by farmland$53,227 $35,520 $25,937 $17,658 $31,704 $40,854 $126,189 $331,089 
The following tables present the Company’s portfolio of non-risk-rated loans by class and delinquency status as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands). In addition, the tables include the gross charge-offs for the year ended December 31, 2024. Revolving loans that are converted to term loans are treated as new originations in the table below and are presented by year of origination. Term loans that are renewed or extended for periods longer than 90 days are presented as a new origination in the year of the most recent renewal or extension.
December 31, 2024
Term Loans by Year of OriginationRevolving LoansTotal Loans
By class:20242023202220212020Prior
Small balance CRE
Past Due Category
Current$66,708 $87,829 $198,461 $209,983 $166,244 $484,567 $— $1,213,792 
30-59 Days Past Due— — — — — — — — 
60-89 Days Past Due— — — — — — — — 
90 Days + Past Due— — — — — — — — 
Total Small balance CRE$66,708 $87,829 $198,461 $209,983 $166,244 $484,567 $— $1,213,792 
Current period gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Small business scored
Past Due Category
Current$209,692 $172,327 $236,769 $146,220 $69,795 $123,250 $139,836 $1,097,889 
30-59 Days Past Due16 62 1,084 650 104 523 523 2,962 
60-89 Days Past Due— 823 75 252 — 88 30 1,268 
90 Days + Past Due— 135 1,349 343 5 166 — 1,998 
Total Small business scored$209,708 $173,347 $239,277 $147,465 $69,904 $124,027 $140,389 $1,104,117 
Current period gross charge-offs$82 $122 $522 $575 $47 $587 $— $1,935 
One- to four- family residential
Past Due Category
Current$219,254 $306,523 $537,271 $246,070 $51,761 $207,017 $— $1,567,896 
30-59 Days Past Due1,743 1,731 2,733 762 469 1,818 — 9,256 
60-89 Days Past Due533 570 1,635 270 442 1,099 — 4,549 
90 Days + Past Due— 2,000 2,459 2,983 1,156 961 — 9,559 
Total One- to four- family residential$221,530 $310,824 $544,098 $250,085 $53,828 $210,895 $— $1,591,260 
Current period gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
December 31, 2024
Term Loans by Year of OriginationRevolving LoansTotal Loans
By class:20242023202220212020Prior
Consumer—home equity revolving lines of credit
Past Due Category
Current$4,551 $975 $6,884 $1,964 $2,243 $6,582 $595,115 $618,314 
30-59 Days Past Due— 100 1,571 98 — 335 1,532 3,636 
60-89 Days Past Due— — 237 561 — 384 136 1,318 
90 Days + Past Due— 766 247 190 190 1,019 — 2,412 
Total Consumer—home equity revolving lines of credit$4,551 $1,841 $8,939 $2,813 $2,433 $8,320 $596,783 $625,680 
Current period gross charge-offs$— $— $58 $— $11 $1 $110 $180 
Consumer-other
Past Due Category
Current$9,329 $6,333 $25,334 $8,243 $5,390 $17,374 $23,185 $95,188 
30-59 Days Past Due5 — 54 — 3 88 166 316 
60-89 Days Past Due2 15 20 39 — 1 94 171 
90 Days + Past Due— — 45 — — — — 45 
Total Consumer-other$9,336 $6,348 $25,453 $8,282 $5,393 $17,463 $23,445 $95,720 
Current period gross charge-offs$9 $50 $105 $71 $37 $211 $1,247 $1,730 
December 31, 2023
Term Loans by Year of OriginationRevolving LoansTotal Loans
By class:20232022202120202019Prior
Small balance CRE
Past Due Category
Current$83,077 $194,213 $215,550 $163,689 $121,596 $399,025 $378 $1,177,528 
30-59 Days Past Due— — — — 159 400 — 559 
60-89 Days Past Due— — — — — — — — 
90 Days + Past Due— — — 413 — — — 413 
Total Small balance CRE$83,077 $194,213 $215,550 $164,102 $121,755 $399,425 $378 $1,178,500 
Small business scored
Past Due Category
Current$197,138 $276,888 $172,286 $84,320 $61,613 $96,269 $129,998 $1,018,512 
30-59 Days Past Due16 171 1,048 52 169 287 307 2,050 
60-89 Days Past Due18 — — 60 79 393 83 633 
90 Days + Past Due24 69 148 — 460 257 1 959 
Total Small business scored$197,196 $277,128 $173,482 $84,432 $62,321 $97,206 $130,389 $1,022,154 
One- to four- family residential
Past Due Category
Current$360,797 $586,167 $262,414 $56,436 $31,275 $206,247 $209 $1,503,545 
30-59 Days Past Due846 3,087 979 511 — 1,441 — 6,864 
60-89 Days Past Due— 540 510 388 151 790 — 2,379 
90 Days + Past Due1,060 700 1,582 192 633 1,091 — 5,258 
Total One- to four- family residential$362,703 $590,494 $265,485 $57,527 $32,059 $209,569 $209 $1,518,046 
December 31, 2023
Term Loans by Year of OriginationRevolving LoansTotal Loans
By class:20232022202120202019Prior
Consumer—home equity revolving lines of credit
Past Due Category
Current$5,003 $2,594 $1,564 $1,200 $1,177 $4,678 $566,249 $582,465 
30-59 Days Past Due— 51 93 66 175 324 2,063 2,772 
60-89 Days Past Due— — 98 — 50 246 445 839 
90 Days + Past Due— 365 178 1,043 19 966 56 2,627 
Total Consumer—home equity revolving lines of credit$5,003 $3,010 $1,933 $2,309 $1,421 $6,214 $568,813 $588,703 
Consumer-other
Past Due Category
Current$10,756 $31,836 $9,961 $6,906 $4,441 $17,920 $28,207 $110,027 
30-59 Days Past Due5 — 62 — — 81 269 417 
60-89 Days Past Due12 — 4 2 20 6 97 141 
90 Days + Past Due— 58 — 28 10 — — 96 
Total Consumer-other$10,773 $31,894 $10,027 $6,936 $4,471 $18,007 $28,573 $110,681 
The following tables provide the amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands). Our collateral dependent loans presented in the tables below have no significant concentrations by property type or location.
 December 31, 2024
Real EstateAccounts ReceivableEquipmentInventoryTotal
Commercial real estate:  
Owner-occupied$2,182 $— $— $— $2,182 
One- to four-family construction1,834 — — — 1,834 
Land and land development1,622 — — — 1,622 
Commercial business:
Commercial business— 1,789 1,660 427 3,876 
Small business scored623 — — — 623 
Agricultural business, including secured by farmland
5,013 — 3,447 — 8,460 
One- to four-family residential5,374 — — — 5,374 
Consumer—home equity revolving lines of credit977 — — — 977 
Total$17,625 $1,789 $5,107 $427 $24,948 

 December 31, 2023
Real EstateAccounts ReceivableEquipmentInventoryTotal
Commercial real estate:  
Owner-occupied$1,391 $— $— $— $1,391 
Small balance CRE$755 — $— — $755 
One- to four-family construction8,859 — — — 8,859 
Commercial business— 1,059 5,085 812 6,956 
Agricultural business, including secured by farmland
2,576 — — — 2,576 
One- to four-family residential1,954 — — — 1,954 
Consumer—home equity revolving lines of credit821 — — — 821 
Total$16,356 $1,059 $5,085 $812 $23,312 
The following tables provide additional detail on the age analysis of the Company’s past due loans as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):
 December 31, 2024
 30-59 Days Past Due60-89 Days Past Due90 Days or More Past DueTotal Past DueCurrentTotal LoansNon-accrual with no Allowance
Total Non-accrual (1)
Loans 90 Days or More Past Due and Accruing
Commercial real estate:       
Owner-occupied$— $— $2,182 $2,182 $1,025,244 $1,027,426 $— $2,182 $— 
Investment properties— — — — 1,623,672 1,623,672 — — — 
Small balance CRE— — — — 1,213,792 1,213,792 — 4 — 
Multifamily real estate— — — — 894,425 894,425 — — — 
Construction, land and land development:
Commercial construction754 — — 754 121,608 122,362 — — — 
Multifamily construction— — — — 513,706 513,706 — — — 
One- to four-family construction— — 738 738 513,482 514,220 1,834 1,834 — 
Land and land development1,600 796 1,568 3,964 365,699 369,663 1,622 2,129 — 
Commercial business:
Commercial business2,025 — 1,012 3,037 1,315,296 1,318,333 123 4,103 — 
Small business scored2,962 1,268 1,998 6,228 1,097,889 1,104,117 623 2,964 — 
Agricultural business, including secured by farmland
190 — 7,077 7,267 333,013 340,280 4,829 8,485 — 
One- to four-family residential9,256 4,549 9,559 23,364 1,567,896 1,591,260 5,374 10,016 369 
Consumer:
Consumer—home equity revolving lines of credit3,636 1,318 2,412 7,366 618,314 625,680 977 4,790 35 
Consumer—other316 171 45 532 95,188 95,720 — 45 — 
Total$20,739 $8,102 $26,591 $55,432 $11,299,224 $11,354,656 $15,382 $36,552 $404 
 December 31, 2023
 30-59 Days Past Due60-89 Days Past Due90 Days or More Past DueTotal Past DueCurrentTotal LoansNon-accrual with no Allowance
Total Non-accrual (1)
Loans 90 Days or More Past Due and Accruing
Commercial real estate:       
Owner-occupied$— $— $— $— $915,897 $915,897 $1,391 $1,450 $— 
Investment properties— — — — 1,541,344 1,541,344 — — — 
Small balance CRE559 — 413 972 1,177,528 1,178,500 755 1,227 — 
Multifamily real estate— — — — 811,232 811,232 — — — 
Construction, land and land development:
Commercial construction— — — — 170,011 170,011 — — — 
Multifamily construction— — — — 503,993 503,993 — — — 
One- to four-family construction286 — 4,201 4,487 521,945 526,432 2,852 3,105 1,096 
Land and land development1,822 553 42 2,417 334,222 336,639 — — 42 
Commercial business:
Commercial business1,166 5,735 1,181 8,082 1,247,652 1,255,734 789 7,346 — 
Small business scored2,050 633 959 3,642 1,018,512 1,022,154 — 1,656 1 
Agricultural business, including secured by farmland
— — 2,171 2,171 328,918 331,089 3,167 3,167 — 
One- to four-family residential6,864 2,379 5,258 14,501 1,503,545 1,518,046 1,939 5,702 1,205 
Consumer:
Consumer—home equity revolving lines of credit2,772 839 2,627 6,238 582,465 588,703 821 3,110 391 
Consumer—other417 141 96 654 110,027 110,681 — 94 10 
Total$15,936 $10,280 $16,948 $43,164 $10,767,291 $10,810,455 $11,714 $26,857 $2,745 

(1)     The Company did not recognize any interest income on non-accrual loans during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
The following tables provide the activity in the allowance for credit losses - loans by portfolio segment for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):
For the Year Ended December 31, 2024
 Commercial Real EstateMultifamily Real EstateConstruction and LandCommercial BusinessAgricultural BusinessOne- to Four-Family ResidentialConsumerTotal
Allowance for credit losses:        
Beginning balance$44,384 $9,326 $28,095 $35,464 $3,865 $19,271 $9,238 $149,643 
(Recapture)/provision for credit losses(5,970)982 1,093 7,139 1,558 1,365 2,396 8,563 
Recoveries2,767 — — 1,963 304 171 476 5,681 
Charge-offs(351)— (150)(5,955)— — (1,910)(8,366)
Ending balance$40,830 $10,308 $29,038 $38,611 $5,727 $20,807 $10,200 $155,521 
Net loan recoveries (charge-offs) as a percent of average outstanding loans during the period0.02 %— %— %(0.04)%— %— %(0.01)%(0.02)%

 For the Year Ended December 31, 2023
 Commercial Real EstateMultifamily Real EstateConstruction and LandCommercial BusinessAgricultural BusinessOne- to Four-Family ResidentialConsumerTotal
Allowance for credit losses:        
Beginning balance$44,086 $7,734 $29,171 $33,299 $3,475 $14,729 $8,971 $141,465 
(Recapture)/provision for credit losses(259)1,592 (16)3,532 808 4,354 1,086 11,097 
Recoveries557 — 29 1,283 146 230 543 2,788 
Charge-offs— — (1,089)(2,650)(564)(42)(1,362)(5,707)
Ending balance$44,384 $9,326 $28,095 $35,464 $3,865 $19,271 $9,238 $149,643 
Net loan recoveries (charge-offs) as a percent of average outstanding loans during the period0.01 %— %(0.01)%(0.01)%— %— %(0.01)%(0.03)%
For the Year Ended December 31, 2022
Commercial Real EstateMultifamily Real EstateConstruction and LandCommercial BusinessAgricultural BusinessOne- to Four-Family ResidentialConsumerTotal
Allowance for credit losses:
Beginning balance$52,995 $7,043 $27,294 $26,421 $3,190 $8,205 $6,951 $132,099 
(Recapture)/provision for loan losses(9,299)691 1,523 6,654 (148)6,343 2,394 8,158 
Recoveries392 — 384 1,923 475 181 566 3,921 
Charge-offs(2)— (30)(1,699)(42)— (940)(2,713)
Ending balance$44,086 $7,734 $29,171 $33,299 $3,475 $14,729 $8,971 $141,465 
Net loan recoveries as a percent of average outstanding loans during the period— %— %— %— %— %— %— %0.01 %