Customers is exposed to certain risks arising from both its business operations and economic conditions. Customers manages economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity and credit risk, primarily by managing the amount, sources, and durations of its assets and liabilities. Specifically, Customers enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the receipt or payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the values of which are determined by interest rates. Customers’ derivative financial instruments are used to manage differences in the amount, timing, and duration of Customers’ known or expected cash receipts and its known or expected cash payments principally related to certain borrowings and deposits. Customers also has interest-rate derivatives resulting from a service provided to certain qualifying customers, and therefore, they are not used to manage Customers’ interest-rate risk in assets or liabilities. Customers manages a matched book with respect to its derivative instruments used in this customer service in order to minimize its net risk exposure resulting from such transactions.

Customers’ objectives in using interest-rate derivatives are to add stability to interest expense and to manage exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish this objective, Customers primarily uses interest rate swaps as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable amounts from a counterparty in exchange for Customers making fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount.

The changes in the fair value of derivatives designated and qualifying as cash flow hedges are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged item affects earnings. To date, such derivatives were used to hedge the variable cash flows associated with the forecasted issuances of debt and a certain variable-rate deposit relationship.

Customers discontinues cash flow hedge accounting if it is probable the forecasted hedged transactions will not occur in the initially identified time period. At such time, the associated gains and losses deferred in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are reclassified immediately into earnings and any subsequent changes in the fair value of such derivatives are recognized directly in earnings.

Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on Customers' variable-rate debt and a variable-rate deposit relationship. Customers expects to reclassify $14.6 million of losses from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to interest expense during the next 12 months.

Customers is hedging its exposure to the variability in future cash flows for forecasted transactions (3-month FHLB advances and Fed fund purchases) and a variable-rate deposit relationship over a maximum period of 73 months (excluding forecasted transactions related to the payment of variable interest on existing financial instruments).

At March 31, 2020, Customers had five outstanding interest rate derivatives with notional amounts totaling $1.1 billion that were designated as cash flow hedges of interest-rate risk. At December 31, 2019, Customers had four outstanding interest rate derivatives with notional amounts totaling $725.0 million that were designated as cash flow hedges of interest rate-risk. The outstanding cash flow hedges at March 31, 2020 expire between June 2021 and May 2026.

Customers executes interest rate swaps (typically the loan customers will swap a floating-rate loan for a fixed-rate loan) and interest rate caps with commercial banking customers to facilitate their respective risk management strategies. The customer interest rate swaps and interest rate caps are simultaneously offset by interest rate swaps and interest rate caps that Customers executes with a third party in order to minimize interest-rate risk exposure resulting from such transactions. As the interest rate swaps and interest rate caps associated with this program do not meet the hedge accounting requirements, changes in the fair value of both the customer swaps and caps and the offsetting third-party market swaps and caps are recognized directly in earnings. At March 31, 2020, Customers had 152 interest rate swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $1.5 billion and four interest rate caps with an aggregated notional amount of $77.6 million related to this program. At December 31, 2019, Customers had 140 interest rate swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $1.4 billion and four interest rate caps with an aggregate notional amount of $78.6 million related to this program.

Customers enters into residential mortgage loan commitments in connection with its consumer mortgage banking activities to fund mortgage loans at specified rates and times in the future. These commitments are short-term in nature and generally expire in 30 to 60 days. The residential mortgage loan commitments that relate to the origination of mortgage loans that will be held for sale are considered derivative instruments under applicable accounting guidance and are reported at fair value, with changes in fair value recorded directly in earnings. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, Customers had an outstanding notional balance of residential mortgage loan commitments of $12.5 million and $4.5 million, respectively.

Customers has also purchased and sold credit derivatives to either hedge or participate in the performance risk associated with some of its counterparties. These derivatives are not designated as hedging instruments and are reported at fair value, with changes in fair value reported directly in earnings. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, Customers had outstanding notional balances of credit derivatives of $172.4 million and $167.1 million, respectively.


	March 31, 2020
	Derivative Assets				Derivative Liabilities
(amounts in thousands)	Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value		Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps	Other assets	$	578	Other liabilities	$	48,344
Total		$	578		$	48,344
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate swaps	Other assets	$	65,207	Other liabilities	$	69,259
Interest rate caps	Other assets	18		Other liabilities	18
Credit contracts	Other assets	431		Other liabilities	568
Residential mortgage loan commitments	Other assets	215		Other liabilities	—
Total		$	65,871		$	69,845


	December 31, 2019
	Derivative Assets				Derivative Liabilities
(amounts in thousands)	Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value		Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps	Other assets	$	—	Other liabilities	$	21,374
Total		$	—		$	21,374
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate swaps	Other assets	$	23,301	Other liabilities	$	24,797
Interest rate caps	Other assets	9		Other liabilities	9
Credit contracts	Other assets	219		Other liabilities	(241)
Residential mortgage loan commitments	Other assets	79		Other liabilities	—
Total		$	23,608		$	24,565


		Amount of Income (Loss) Recognized in Earnings
		Three Months Ended March 31,
(amounts in thousands)	Income Statement Location	2020		2019
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate swaps	Other non-interest income	$	(1,015)	$	(287)
Interest rate caps	Other non-interest income	—		—
Credit contracts	Other non-interest income	(132)		102
Residential mortgage loan commitments	Mortgage banking income	137		8
Total		$	(1,010)	$	(177)


	Three months ended March 31,								Three months ended March 31,
	Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivatives ⁽¹⁾					Location of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income			Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income
(amounts in thousands)	2020		2019				2020		2019
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships:
Interest rate swaps	$	(20,346)	$	(5,135)	Interest expense		$	(1,478)	$	413

(1) Amounts presented are net of taxes. See NOTE 4 - CHANGES IN ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) for the total effect on other comprehensive income (loss) from derivatives designated as cash flow hedges for the periods presented.

By entering into derivative contracts, Customers is exposed to credit risk. The credit risk associated with derivatives executed with customers is the same as that involved in extending the related loans and is subject to the same standard credit policies. To mitigate the credit-risk exposure to major derivative dealer counterparties, Customers only enters into agreements with those counterparties that maintain credit ratings of high quality.

Agreements with major derivative dealer counterparties contain provisions whereby default on any of Customers' indebtedness would be considered a default on its derivative obligations. Customers also has entered into agreements that contain provisions under which the counterparty could require Customers to settle its obligations if Customers fails to maintain its status as a well/adequately capitalized

institution. As of March 31, 2020, the fair value of derivatives in a net liability position (which includes accrued interest but excludes any adjustment for nonperformance-risk) related to these agreements was $118.5 million. In addition, Customers, which has collateral posting thresholds with certain of these counterparties, had posted $117.6 million of cash as collateral at March 31, 2020. Customers records cash posted as collateral as a reduction in the outstanding balance of cash and cash equivalents and an increase in the balance of other assets.

The following tables present derivative instruments that are subject to enforceable master netting arrangements. Customers' interest rate swaps and interest rate caps with institutional counterparties are subject to master netting arrangements and are included in the table below. Interest rate swaps and interest rate caps with commercial banking customers and residential mortgage loan commitments are not subject to master netting arrangements and are excluded from the table below. Customers has not made a policy election to offset its derivative positions.


	Gross Amounts Recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheet
(amounts in thousands)					Financial Instruments		Cash Collateral Received/(Posted)		Net Amount
March 31, 2020
Interest rate derivative assets with institutional counterparties	$	578	$	—	$	—	$	578

Interest rate derivative liabilities with institutional counterparties	$	117,602	$	—	$	(117,602)	$	—


	Gross Amounts Recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheet
(amounts in thousands)					Financial Instruments		Cash Collateral Received/(Posted)		Net Amount
December 31, 2019
Interest rate derivative assets with institutional counterparties	$	432	$	—	$	—	$	432

Interest rate derivative liabilities with institutional counterparties	$	45,727	$	—	$	(45,727)	$	—