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Loans and Asset Quality Information
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2011
Loans And Asset Quality Information [Abstract]  
Loans and Asset Quality Information
Note 8 – Loans and Asset Quality Information

The loans and foreclosed real estate that were acquired in FDIC-assisted transactions are covered by loss share agreements between the FDIC and First Bank, which afford First Bank significant loss protection. (See the Company's 2010 Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information regarding the Cooperative Bank transaction and Note 4 above for the more information regarding The Bank of Asheville transaction.) Because of the loss protection provided by the FDIC, the risk of the Cooperative Bank and The Bank of Asheville loans and foreclosed real estate are significantly different from those assets not covered under the loss share agreements. Accordingly, the Company presents separately loans subject to the loss share agreements as “covered loans” in the information below and loans that are not subject to the loss share agreements as “non-covered loans.”

The following is a summary of the major categories of total loans outstanding:

($ in thousands)
 
June 30, 2011
  
December 31, 2010
  
June 30, 2010
 
   
Amount
  
Percentage
  
Amount
  
Percentage
  
Amount
  
Percentage
 
All loans (non-covered and covered):
                  
                    
Commercial, financial, and agricultural
 $158,303   6%  155,016   6%  162,645   6%
Real estate – construction, land
development & other land loans
  386,354   16%  437,700   18%  501,323   20%
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4
family) first mortgages
  803,209   33%  802,658   33%  817,167   32%
Real estate – mortgage – home equity
loans / lines of credit
  266,995   11%  263,529   11%  265,443   11%
Real estate – mortgage – commercial and
other
  745,858   31%  710,337   29%  722,988   28%
Installment loans to individuals
  80,423   3%  83,919   3%  84,319   3%
Subtotal
  2,441,142   100%  2,453,159   100%  2,553,885   100%
Unamortized net deferred loan costs
  1,298       973       691     
Total loans
 $2,442,440       2,454,132       2,554,576     

As of June 30, 2011, December 31, 2010 and June 30, 2010, net loans include unamortized premiums of $1,182,000, $687,000, and $785,000, respectively, related to acquired loans.


The following is a summary of the major categories of non-covered loans outstanding:

($ in thousands)
 
June 30, 2011
  
December 31, 2010
  
June 30, 2010
 
   
Amount
  
Percentage
  
Amount
  
Percentage
  
Amount
  
Percentage
 
Non-covered loans:
                  
                    
Commercial, financial, and agricultural
 $145,811   7%  150,545   7%  157,751   7%
Real estate – construction, land
development & other land loans
  306,140   15%  344,939   17%  377,939   18%
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4
family) first mortgages
  631,640   31%  622,353   30%  603,051   29%
Real estate – mortgage – home equity
loans / lines of credit
  241,973   12%  246,418   12%  244,822   12%
Real estate – mortgage – commercial and
other
  635,103   31%  636,197   30%  633,711   30%
Installment loans to individuals
  78,749   4%  81,579   4%  81,134   4%
Subtotal
  2,039,416   100%  2,082,031   100%  2,098,408   100%
Unamortized net deferred loan costs
  1,298       973       691     
Total non-covered loans
 $2,040,714       2,083,004       2,099,099     

The carrying amount of the covered loans at June 30, 2011 consisted of impaired and nonimpaired purchased loans, as follows:

 
 
($ in thousands)
 
Impaired
Purchased
Loans –
Carrying
Value
  
Impaired
Purchased
Loans –
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
  
Nonimpaired
Purchased
Loans –
Carrying
Value
  
Nonimpaired
Purchased
Loans -
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
  
Total
Covered
Loans –
Carrying
Value
  
Total
Covered
Loans –
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Covered loans:
                  
Commercial, financial, and agricultural
 $138   705   12,273   19,597   12,411   20,302 
Real estate – construction, land
development & other land loans
  5,611   19,574   74,627   122,557   80,238   142,131 
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4
family) first mortgages
  1,383   2,962   172,352   205,147   173,735   208,109 
Real estate – mortgage – home equity loans
/ lines of credit
  276   962   22,272   29,175   22,548   30,137 
Real estate – mortgage – commercial and
other
  6,129   11,418   104,910   139,207   111,039   150,625 
Installment loans to individuals
     8   1,755   1,937   1,755   1,945 
Total
 $13,537   35,629   388,189   517,620   401,726   553,249 


The carrying amount of the covered loans at December 31, 2010 consisted of impaired and nonimpaired purchased loans, as follows:

 
 
($ in thousands)
 
Impaired
Purchased
Loans –
Carrying
Value
  
Impaired
Purchased
Loans –
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
  
Nonimpaired
Purchased
Loans –
Carrying
Value
  
Nonimpaired
Purchased
Loans -
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
  
Total
Covered
Loans –
Carrying
Value
  
Total
Covered
Loans –
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Covered loans:
                  
Commercial, financial, and agricultural
 $      4,471   5,272   4,471   5,272 
Real estate – construction, land
development & other land loans
  1,898   3,328   90,863   147,615   92,761   150,943 
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4
family) first mortgages
        180,305   212,826   180,305   212,826 
Real estate – mortgage – home equity loans
/ lines of credit
        17,111   20,332   17,111   20,332 
Real estate – mortgage – commercial and
other
  2,709   3,594   71,431   93,490   74,140   97,084 
Installment loans to individuals
        2,340   2,595   2,340   2,595 
Total
 $4,607   6,922   366,521   482,130   371,128   489,052 

The following table presents information regarding covered purchased nonimpaired loans since December 31, 2009. The amounts include principal only and do not reflect accrued interest as of the date of the acquisition or beyond.

($ in thousands)
   
Carrying amount of nonimpaired covered loans at December 31, 2009
 $485,572 
Principal repayments
  (43,801)
Transfers to foreclosed real estate
  (75,121)
Loan charge-offs
  (7,736)
Accretion of loan discount
  7,607 
Carrying amount of nonimpaired covered loans at December 31, 2010
  366,521 
Additions due to acquisition of The Bank of Asheville (at fair value)
  84,623 
Principal repayments
  (25,742)
Transfers to foreclosed real estate
  (33,286)
Loan charge-offs
  (10,456)
Accretion of loan discount
  6,529 
Carrying amount of nonimpaired covered loans at June 30, 2011
 $388,189 

As reflected in the table above, the Company accreted $6,529,000 of the loan discount on purchased nonimpaired loans into interest income during the first six months of 2011.

The following table presents information regarding all purchased impaired loans since December 31, 2009, substantially all of which are covered loans. The Company has applied the cost recovery method to all purchased impaired loans at their respective acquisition dates due to the uncertainty as to the timing of expected cash flows, as reflected in the following table.

 
($ in thousands)
 
 
 
Purchased Impaired Loans
 
Contractual
Principal
Receivable
  
Fair Market Value
Adjustment – Write
Down (Nonaccretable
Difference)
  
Carrying
Amount
 
Balance at December 31, 2009
 $39,293   3,242   36,051 
Change due to payments received
  (685)  2   (687)
Transfer to foreclosed real estate
  (27,569)  (225)  (27,344)
Change due to loan charge-off
  (3,149)  (625)  (2,524)
Other
  190   (65)  255 
Balance at December 31, 2010
 $8,080   2,329   5,751 
Additions due to acquisition of The Bank of Asheville
  38,452   20,807   17,645 
Change due to payments received
  (691)  (260)  (431)
Transfer to foreclosed real estate
  (7,401)  (1,223)  (6,178)
Change due to loan charge-off
  (1,874)  372   (2,246)
Other
  670   440   230 
Balance at June 30, 2011
 $37,236   22,465   14,771 

Each of the purchased impaired loans is on nonaccrual status and considered to be impaired. Because of the uncertainty of the expected cash flows, the Company is accounting for each purchased impaired loan under the cost recovery method, in which all cash payments are applied to principal. Thus, there is no accretable yield associated with the above loans. During the first six months of 2010, the Company received $67,000 in payments that exceeded the initial carrying amount of the purchased impaired loans. These payments were recorded as interest income. There were no such amounts recorded in 2011.

Nonperforming assets are defined as nonaccrual loans, restructured loans, loans past due 90 or more days and still accruing interest, and other real estate. Nonperforming assets are summarized as follows:

 
ASSET QUALITY DATA ($ in thousands)
 
June 30,
2011
  
December 31,
2010
  
June 30,
2010
 
           
Non-covered nonperforming assets
         
Nonaccrual loans
 $71,570   62,326   73,152 
Restructured loans – accruing
  16,893   33,677   20,392 
Accruing loans > 90 days past due
  -   -   - 
Total non-covered nonperforming loans
  88,463   96,003   93,544 
Other real estate
  31,849   21,081   14,690 
Total non-covered nonperforming assets
 $120,312   117,084   108,234 
              
Covered nonperforming assets
            
Nonaccrual loans (1)
 $37,057   58,466   98,669 
Restructured loans – accruing
  24,325   14,359   8,450 
Accruing loans > 90 days past due
  -   -   - 
Total covered nonperforming loans
  61,382   72,825   107,119 
Other real estate
  102,883   94,891   80,074 
Total covered nonperforming assets
 $164,265   167,716   187,193 
              
Total nonperforming assets
 $284,577   284,800   295,427 


(1) At June 30, 2011, December 31, 2010, and June 30, 2010, the contractual balance of the nonaccrual loans covered by FDIC loss share agreements was $69.4 million, $86.2 million, and $146.5 million, respectively.


The following table presents information related to the Company's impaired loans.

 
($ in thousands)
 
As of /for the
six months
ended
June 30,
2011
  
As of /for the
year ended
December 31,
2010
  
As of /for the
six months
ended
June 30,
2010
 
Impaired loans at period end
         
Non-covered
 $88,463   96,003   93,544 
Covered
  61,382   72,825   107,119 
Total impaired loans at period end
 $149,845   168,828   200,663 
              
Average amount of impaired loans for period
            
Non-covered
 $91,187   89,751   79,913 
Covered
  69,102   95,373   106,096 
Average amount of impaired loans for period – total
 $160,289   185,124   186,009 
              
Allowance for loan losses related to impaired loans at period end
            
Non-covered
 $6,019   7,613   12,060 
Covered
  4,727   11,155    
Allowance for loan losses related to impaired loans - total
 $10,746   18,768   12,060 
              
Amount of impaired loans with no related allowance at period end
            
Non-covered
 $31,514   42,874   26,092 
Covered
  49,755   49,991   107,119 
Total impaired loans with no related allowance at period end
 $81,269   92,865   133,211 
              
 
All of the impaired loans noted in the table above were on nonaccrual status at each respective period end except for those classified as restructured loans (see table above for balances).

The remaining tables in this note present information derived from the Company's allowance for loan loss model. Relevant accounting guidance requires certain disclosures to be disaggregated based on how the Company develops its allowance for loan losses and manages its credit exposure. This model combines loan types in a different manner than the tables previously presented.

The following table presents the Company's nonaccrual loans as of June 30, 2011.

($ in thousands)
 
Non-covered
  
Covered
  
Total
 
Commercial, financial, and agricultural:
         
Commercial – unsecured
 $301   178   479 
Commercial – secured
  2,015   107   2,122 
Secured by inventory and accounts receivable
  113   43   156 
              
Real estate – construction, land development & other land loans
  29,541   15,055   44,596 
              
Real estate – residential, farmland and multi-family
  22,642   12,296   34,938 
              
Real estate – home equity lines of credit
  2,548   1,013   3,561 
              
Real estate – commercial
  11,666   8,355   20,021 
              
Consumer
  2,744   10   2,754 
Total
 $71,570   37,057   108,627 


The following table presents the Company's nonaccrual loans as of December 31, 2010.

($ in thousands)
 
Non-covered
  
Covered
  
Total
 
Commercial, financial, and agricultural:
         
Commercial – unsecured
 $64   160   224 
Commercial – secured
  1,566   3   1,569 
Secured by inventory and accounts receivable
  802      802 
              
Real estate – construction, land development & other land loans
  22,654   30,847   53,501 
              
Real estate – residential, farmland and multi-family
  27,055   19,716   46,771 
              
Real estate – home equity lines of credit
  2,201   685   2,886 
              
Real estate – commercial
  7,461   7,039   14,500 
              
Consumer
  523   16   539 
Total
 $62,326   58,466   120,792 

The following table presents an analysis of the payment status of the Company's loans as of June 30, 2011.

($ in thousands)
 
 
 
30-59
Days
Past Due
  
60-89
Days
Past Due
  
Nonaccrual
Loans
  
Current
  
Total Loans
Receivable
 
Non-covered loans
               
Commercial, financial, and agricultural:
               
Commercial - unsecured
 $31   41   301   38,341   38,714 
Commercial - secured
  965   602   2,015   101,814   105,396 
Secured by inventory and accounts receivable
        113   20,868   20,981 
                      
Real estate – construction, land development & other land loans
  1,638   310   29,541   235,857   267,346 
                      
Real estate – residential, farmland, and multi-family
  7,127   3,396   22,642   741,283   774,448 
                      
Real estate – home equity lines of credit
  1,773   191   2,548   209,408   213,920 
                      
Real estate - commercial
  1,935   867   11,666   544,411   558,879 
                      
Consumer
  687   269   2,744   56,032   59,732 
Total non-covered
 $14,156   5,676   71,570   1,948,014   2,039,416 
Unamortized net deferred loan costs
                  1,298 
Total non-covered loans
                 $2,040,714 
                      
Covered loans
 $5,287   5,303   37,057   354,079   401,726 
                      
Total loans
 $19,443   10,979   108,627   2,302,093   2,442,440 

The Company had no non-covered or covered loans that were past due greater than 90 days and accruing interest at June 30, 2011.


The following table presents an analysis of the payment status of the Company's loans as of December 31, 2010.

($ in thousands)
 
 
 
30-59
Days
Past Due
  
60-89
Days
Past Due
  
Nonaccrual
Loans
  
Current
  
Total Loans
Receivable
 
Non-covered loans
               
Commercial, financial, and agricultural:
               
Commercial - unsecured
 $225   92   64   41,564   41,945 
Commercial - secured
  1,165   195   1,566   102,657   105,583 
Secured by inventory and accounts receivable
  100      802   21,369   22,271 
                      
Real estate – construction, land development & other land loans
  2,951   7,022   22,654   270,892   303,519 
                      
Real estate – residential, farmland, and multi-family
  10,290   2,942   27,055   726,456   766,743 
                      
Real estate – home equity lines of credit
  496   253   2,201   213,984   216,934 
                      
Real estate - commercial
  2,581   1,193   7,461   552,020   563,255 
                      
Consumer
  595   297   523   60,366   61,781 
Total non-covered
 $18,403   11,994   62,326   1,989,308   2,082,031 
Unamortized net deferred loan costs
                  973 
Total non-covered loans
                 $2,083,004 
                      
Total covered loans
 $6,713   4,127   58,466   301,822   371,128 
                      
Total loans
 $25,116   16,121   120,792   2,291,130   2,454,132 

The Company had no non-covered or covered loans that were past due greater than 90 days and accruing interest at December 31, 2010.


The following table presents the activity in the allowance for loan losses for non-covered loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011.

($ in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial,
Financial,
And
Agricultural
  
Real Estate –
Construction,
Land
Development,
& Other Land
Loans
  
Real Estate
Residential,
Farmland,
and Multi-
family
  
Real
Estate –
Home
Equity
Lines of
Credit
  
Real Estate
Commercial
And Other
  
Consumer
  
Unallo
-cated
  
Total
 
                          
As of and for the three months ended June 30, 2011
             
                          
Beginning balance
 $4,142   10,203   12,463   3,359   3,359   2,223   24   35,773 
Charge-offs
  (740)  (5,589)  (2,248)  (141)  (313)  (157)  (121)  (9,309)
Recoveries
  28   219   61   37      20   29   394 
Provisions
  475   6,957   1,808   (1,406)  (187)  (126)  86   7,607 
Ending balance
 $3,905   11,790   12,084   1,849   2,859   1,960   18   34,465 
                                  
As of and for the six months ended June 30, 2011
                     
                                  
Beginning balance
 $4,731   12,520   11,283   3,634   3,972   1,961   174   38,275 
Charge-offs
  (1,896)  (9,582)  (5,596)  (764)  (1,380)  (360)  (236)  (19,814)
Recoveries
  36   251   293   43   28   103   73   827 
Provisions
  1,034   8,601   6,104   (1,064)  239   256   7   15,177 
Ending balance
 $3,905   11,790   12,084   1,849   2,859   1,960   18   34,465 
                                  
Ending balances as of June 30, 2011: Allowance for loan losses
                     
                                  
Individually evaluated for impairment
 $50   1,221   235      340         1,846 
                                  
Collectively evaluated for impairment
 $3,855   10,569   11,849   1,849   2,519   1,960   18   32,619 
                                  
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality
 $                      
                                  
Loans receivable as of June 30, 2011:
                     
                                  
Ending balance–total
 $165,091   267,346   774,448   213,920   558,879   59,732      2,039,416 
                                  
Ending balances as of June 30, 2011: Loans
                     
                                  
Individually evaluated for impairment
 $2,049   47,181   7,656   531   34,198   20      91,635 
                                  
Collectively evaluated for impairment
 $163,042   220,165   766,792   213,389   524,681   59,712      1,947,781 
                                  
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality
 $   1,234                  1,234 


The following table presents the activity in the allowance for loan losses for non-covered loans for the year ended December 31, 2010.

($ in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial,
Financial,
And
Agricultural
  
Real Estate –
Construction,
Land
Development,
& Other Land
Loans
  
Real Estate
Residential,
Farmland,
and Multi-
family
  
Real
Estate –
Home
Equity
Lines of
Credit
  
Real Estate
Commercial
and Other
  
Consumer
  
Unallo
-cated
  
Total
 
                          
As of and for the year ended December 31, 2010
                
                          
Beginning balance
 $4,992   9,286   10,779   3,228   6,839   1,610   609   37,343 
Charge-offs
  (4,691)  (15,721)  (6,962)  (2,490)  (2,354)  (1,587)     (33,805)
Recoveries
  145   130   548   59   38   171      1,091 
Provisions
  4,285   18,825   6,918   2,837   (551)  1,767   (435)  33,646 
Ending balance
 $4,731   12,520   11,283   3,634   3,972   1,961   174   38,275 
                                  
Ending balances as of December 31, 2010: Allowance for loan losses
                     
                                  
Individually evaluated for impairment
 $867   3,740   1,070   269   611         6,557 
                                  
Collectively evaluated for impairment
 $3,864   8,780   10,213   3,365   3,361   1,961   174   31,718 
                                  
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality
 $                      
                                  
Loans receivable as of December 31, 2010:
                         
                                  
Ending balance – total
 $169,799   303,519   766,743   216,934   563,255   61,781      2,082,031 
                                  
Ending balances as of December 31, 2010: Loans
                         
                                  
Individually evaluated for impairment
 $3,487   64,549   15,786   1,223   25,213   28      110,286 
                                  
Collectively evaluated for impairment
 $166,312   238,970   750,957   215,711   538,042   61,753      1,971,745 
                                  
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality
 $   1,144                  1,144 


The following table presents the activity in the allowance for loan losses for covered loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011.

($ in thousands)
 
Covered Loans
 
     
As of and for the three months ended June 30, 2011
   
     
Beginning balance
 $7,002 
Charge-offs
  (4,789)
Recoveries
   
Provisions
  3,327 
Ending balance
 $5,540 
      
As of and for the six months ended June 30, 2011
    
      
Beginning balance
 $11,155 
Charge-offs
  (12,715)
Recoveries
   
Provisions
  7,100 
Ending balance
 $5,540 
      
Ending balances as of June 30, 2011: Allowance for loan losses
    
      
Individually evaluated for impairment
 $5,540 
      
Collectively evaluated for impairment
   
      
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality
   
      
Loans receivable as of June 30, 2011:
    
      
Ending balance – total
 $401,726 
      
Ending balances as of June 30, 2011: Loans
    
      
Individually evaluated for impairment
 $37,149 
      
Collectively evaluated for impairment
  364,577 
      
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality
  13,538 


The following table presents the activity in the allowance for loan losses for covered loans for the year ended December 31, 2010.

($ in thousands)
 
Covered Loans
 
     
As of and for the year ended December 31, 2010
   
     
Beginning balance
 $ 
Charge-offs
  (9,761)
Recoveries
   
Provisions
  20,916 
Ending balance
 $11,155 
      
Ending balances as of December 31, 2010: Allowance for loan losses
    
      
Individually evaluated for impairment
 $11,155 
      
Collectively evaluated for impairment
   
      
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality
   
      
Loans receivable as of December 31, 2010:
    
      
Ending balance – total
 $371,128 
      
Ending balances as of December 31, 2010: Loans
    
      
Individually evaluated for impairment
 $72,690 
      
Collectively evaluated for impairment
  298,438 
      
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality
  4,607 


The following table presents the Company's impaired loans as of June 30, 2011.

 
($ in thousands)
 
Recorded
Investment
  
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
  
Related
Allowance
  
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Non-covered loans:
            
With no related allowance recorded:
            
Commercial, financial, and agricultural:
            
Commercial - unsecured
 $          
Commercial - secured
  749   1,103      653 
Secured by inventory and accounts receivable
  47   597      177 
                  
Real estate – construction, land development & other land loans
  15,245   19,680      20,079 
                  
Real estate – residential, farmland, and multi-family
  3,468   4,256      5,387 
                  
Real estate – home equity lines of credit
     250      101 
                  
Real estate – commercial
  11,990   12,808      11,771 
                  
Consumer
  15   40      18 
Total non-covered impaired loans with no allowance
 $31,514   38,734      38,186 
                  
Total covered impaired loans with no allowance
 $49,755   87,707      52,510 
                  
Total impaired loans with no allowance recorded
 $81,269   126,441      90,696 
                  
Non-covered loans:
                
With an allowance recorded:
                
Commercial, financial, and agricultural:
                
Commercial - unsecured
 $301   301   55   197 
Commercial - secured
  1,266   1,269   228   1,097 
Secured by inventory and accounts receivable
  66   468   50   369 
                  
Real estate – construction, land development & other land loans
  20,381   29,882   2,904   17,696 
                  
Real estate – residential, farmland, and multi-family
  21,303   22,458   1,820   22,209 
                  
Real estate – home equity lines of credit
  2,548   2,567   103   2,276 
                  
Real estate – commercial
  8,356   8,792   356   7,059 
                  
Consumer
  2,728   2,746   503   2,098 
Total non-covered impaired loans with allowance
 $56,949   68,483   6,019   53,001 
                  
Total covered impaired loans with allowance
 $11,628   16,568   4,727   16,592 
                  
Total impaired loans with an allowance recorded
 $68,577   85,051   10,746   69,593 

Interest income recorded on non-covered and covered impaired loans during the three and six months ended June 30, 2011 is considered insignificant.

The related allowance listed above includes both reserves on loans specifically reviewed for impairment and general reserves on impaired loans that were not specifically reviewed for impairment.


The following table presents the Company's impaired loans as of December 31, 2010.

 
($ in thousands)
 
Recorded
Investment
  
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
  
Related
Allowance
  
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Non-covered loans:
            
With no related allowance recorded:
            
Commercial, financial, and agricultural:
            
Commercial - unsecured
 $         138 
Commercial - secured
  902   967      758 
Secured by inventory and accounts receivable
  240   650      186 
                  
Real estate – construction, land development & other land loans
  22,026   26,012      15,639 
                  
Real estate – residential, farmland, and multi-family
  8,269   9,447      7,437 
                  
Real estate – home equity lines of credit
  302   502      381 
                  
Real estate – commercial
  11,115   11,321      7,284 
                  
Consumer
  20   40      46 
Total non-covered impaired loans with no allowance
 $42,874   48,939      31,869 
                  
Total covered impaired loans with no allowance
 $49,991   77,321      83,955 
                  
Total impaired loans with no allowance recorded
 $92,865   126,260      115,824 
                  
Non-covered loans:
                
With an allowance recorded:
                
Commercial, financial, and agricultural:
                
Commercial - unsecured
 $124   124   24   243 
Commercial - secured
  579   579   88   1,385 
Secured by inventory and accounts receivable
  1,026   1,026   609   613 
                  
Real estate – construction, land development & other land loans
  17,540   19,926   3,932   21,362 
                  
Real estate – residential, farmland, and multi-family
  23,012   23,012   1,820   22,166 
                  
Real estate – home equity lines of credit
  2,148   2,223   357   1,928 
                  
Real estate – commercial
  8,013   8,088   497   9,275 
                  
Consumer
  687   687   286   910 
Total non-covered impaired loans with allowance
 $53,129   55,665   7,613   57,882 
                  
Total covered impaired loans with allowance
 $22,834   27,105   11,155   11,418 
                  
Total impaired loans with an allowance recorded
 $75,963   82,770   18,768   69,300 

Interest income recorded on non-covered and covered impaired loans during the year ended December 31, 2010 is considered insignificant.

The related allowance listed above includes both reserves on loans specifically reviewed for impairment and general reserves on impaired loans that were not specifically reviewed for impairment.


The Company tracks credit quality based on its internal risk ratings. Upon origination a loan is assigned an initial risk grade, which is generally based on several factors such as the borrower's credit score, the loan-to-value ratio, the debt-to-income ratio, etc. Loans that are risk-graded as substandard during the origination process are declined. After loans are initially graded, they are monitored monthly for credit quality based on many factors, such as payment history, the borrower's financial status, and changes in collateral value. Loans can be downgraded or upgraded depending on management's evaluation of these factors. Internal risk-grading policies are consistent throughout each loan type.

 The following describes the Company's internal risk grades in ascending order of likelihood of loss:

 
Numerical Risk Grade
Description
Pass:
 
 
1
Cash secured loans.
 
2
Non-cash secured loans that have no minor or major exceptions to the lending guidelines.
 
3
Non-cash secured loans that have no major exceptions to the lending guidelines.
Weak Pass:
 
 
4
Non-cash secured loans that have minor or major exceptions to the lending guidelines, but the exceptions are properly mitigated.
Watch or Standard:
 
 
9
Loans that meet the guidelines for a Risk Graded 5 loan, except the collateral coverage is sufficient to satisfy the debt with no risk of loss under reasonable circumstances. This category also includes all loans to insiders and any other loan that management elects to monitor on the watch list.
Special Mention:
 
 
5
Existing loans with major exceptions that cannot be mitigated.
Classified:
 
 
6
Loans that have a well-defined weakness that may jeopardize the liquidation of the debt if deficiencies are not corrected.
 
7
Loans that have a well-defined weakness that make the collection or liquidation improbable.
 
8
Loans that are considered uncollectible and are in the process of being charged-off.


The following table presents the Company's recorded investment in loans by credit quality indicators as of June 30, 2011.

($ in thousands)
 
Credit Quality Indicator (Grouped by Internally Assigned Grade)
 
   
Pass
(Grades
1, 2, & 3)
  
Weak
Pass
(Grade 4)
  
Watch or
Standard
Loans
(Grade 9)
  
Special
Mention
Loans
(Grade 5)
  
Classified
Loans
(Grades
6, 7, & 8)
  
Total
 
Non-covered loans:
                  
Commercial, financial, and agricultural:
                  
Commercial - unsecured
 $12,203   25,295      295   921   38,714 
Commercial - secured
  35,814   62,501   1,440   1,379   4,262   105,396 
Secured by inventory and accounts receivable
  4,415   15,213   96   859   398   20,981 
                          
Real estate – construction, land development
& other land loans
  47,029   155,650   6,241   11,828   46,598   267,346 
                          
Real estate – residential, farmland, and multi-family
  273,661   427,093   9,351   17,589   46,754   774,448 
                          
Real estate – home equity lines of credit
  136,959   68,023   2,566   2,549   3,823   213,920 
                          
Real estate - commercial
  164,238   325,657   32,211   10,020   26,753   558,879 
                          
Consumer
  31,984   23,939   71   130   3,608   59,732 
Total
 $706,303   1,103,371   51,976   44,649   133,117   2,039,416 
Unamortized net deferred loan costs
                      1,298 
Total non-covered loans
                     $2,040,714 
                          
Total covered loans
 83,777   168,063      13,878   136,008   401,726 
                          
Total loans
 $790,080   1,271,434   51,976   58,527   269,125   2,442,440 


The following table presents the Company's recorded investment in loans by credit quality indicators as of December 31, 2010.

($ in thousands)
 
Credit Quality Indicator (Grouped by Internally Assigned Grade)
 
   
Pass
(Grades
1, 2, & 3)
  
Weak
Pass
(Grade 4)
  
Watch or
Standard
Loans
(Grade 9)
  
Special
Mention
Loans
(Grade 5)
  
Classified
Loans
(Grades
6, 7, & 8)
  
Total
 
Non-covered loans:
                  
Commercial, financial, and agricultural:
                  
Commercial - unsecured
 $14,850   25,992      332   771   41,945 
Commercial - secured
  40,995   55,918   2,100   2,774   3,796   105,583 
Secured by inventory and accounts receivable
  6,364   14,165      873   869   22,271 
                          
Real estate – construction, land development
& other land loans
  66,321   162,147   7,649   14,068   53,334   303,519 
                          
Real estate – residential, farmland, and multi-family
  302,667   376,187   15,941   22,436   49,512   766,743 
                          
Real estate – home equity lines of credit
  137,674   68,876   3,001   3,060   4,323   216,934 
                          
Real estate - commercial
  190,284   301,828   33,706   12,141   25,296   563,255 
                          
Consumer
  34,600   24,783   140   408   1,850   61,781 
Total
 $793,755   1,029,896   62,537   56,092   139,751   2,082,031 
Unamortized net deferred loan costs
                      973 
Total non-covered loans
                     $2,083,004 
                          
Total covered loans
 38,276   187,526      7,579   137,747   371,128 
                          
Total loans
 $832,031   1,217,422   62,537   63,671   277,498   2,454,132