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Fair Value
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2016
Fair Value [Abstract]  
Fair Value

Note 13 – Fair Value

 

Relevant accounting guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The guidance describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

 

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) of identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.

 

Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

 

Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a reporting entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

 

The following table summarizes the Company’s financial instruments that were measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis at June 30, 2016.

 

($ in thousands)            
Description of Financial Instruments   Fair Value at 
June 30, 2016		     Quoted Prices in 
Active Markets for 
Identical Assets
(Level 1)		     Significant Other 
Observable Inputs 
(Level 2)		     Significant
Unobservable Inputs 
(Level 3)		  
Recurring                                
     Securities available for sale:                                
        Government-sponsored enterprise securities   $ 15,992       —       15,992       —  
        Mortgage-backed securities     169,256       —       169,256       —  
        Corporate bonds     34,381       —       34,381       —  
        Equity securities     133       —       133       —  
          Total available for sale securities   $ 219,762       —       219,762       —  
                                 
Nonrecurring                                
     Impaired loans – covered   $ 2,063       —       —       2,063  
     Impaired loans – non-covered     15,920       —       —       15,920  
     Foreclosed real estate – covered     385       —       —       385  
     Foreclosed real estate – non-covered     10,221       —       —       10,221  
                                 

 

The following table summarizes the Company’s financial instruments that were measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2015.

 

($ in thousands)            
Description of Financial Instruments   Fair Value at 
December 31, 
2015		     Quoted Prices in 
Active Markets 
for Identical
Assets (Level 1)		     Significant Other 
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)		     Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs 
(Level 3)		  
Recurring                                
Securities available for sale:                                
Government-sponsored enterprise securities   $ 18,972       —       18,972       —  
Mortgage-backed securities     121,553       —       121,553       —  
Corporate bonds     24,946       —       24,946       —  
Equity securities     143       —       143       —  
Total available for sale securities   $ 165,614       —       165,614       —  
                                 
Nonrecurring                                
     Impaired loans – covered   $ 2,588       —       —       2,588  
     Impaired loans – non-covered     18,057       —       —       18,057  
     Foreclosed real estate – covered     806       —       —       806  
     Foreclosed real estate – non-covered     9,188       —       —       9,188  

 

 

The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value.

 

Securities Available for Sale — When quoted market prices are available in an active market, the securities are classified as Level 1 in the valuation hierarchy. If quoted market prices are not available, but fair values can be estimated by observing quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, the securities are classified as Level 2 on the valuation hierarchy. Most of the fair values for the Company’s Level 2 securities are determined by our third-party bond accounting provider using matrix pricing. Matrix pricing is a mathematical technique widely used in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted securities. For the Company, Level 2 securities include mortgage-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations, government-sponsored enterprise securities, and corporate bonds. In cases where Level 1 or Level 2 inputs are not available, securities are classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy.

 

The Company reviews the pricing methodologies utilized by the bond accounting provider to ensure the fair value determination is consistent with the applicable accounting guidance and that the investments are properly classified in the fair value hierarchy. Further, the Company validates the fair values for a sample of securities in the portfolio by comparing the fair values provided by the bond accounting provider to prices from other independent sources for the same or similar securities. The Company analyzes unusual or significant variances and conducts additional research with the portfolio manager, if necessary, and takes appropriate action based on its findings.

 

Impaired loans — Fair values for impaired loans in the above table are measured on a non-recurring basis and are based on the underlying collateral values securing the loans, adjusted for estimated selling costs, or the net present value of the cash flows expected to be received for such loans. Collateral may be in the form of real estate or business assets including equipment, inventory and accounts receivable. The vast majority of the collateral is real estate. The value of real estate collateral is determined using an income or market valuation approach based on an appraisal conducted by an independent, licensed third party appraiser (Level 3). The value of business equipment is based upon an outside appraisal if deemed significant, or the net book value on the applicable borrower’s financial statements if not considered significant. Likewise, values for inventory and accounts receivable collateral are based on borrower financial statement balances or aging reports on a discounted basis as appropriate (Level 3). Any fair value adjustments are recorded in the period incurred as provision for loan losses on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

 

Foreclosed real estate – Foreclosed real estate, consisting of properties obtained through foreclosure or in satisfaction of loans, is reported at the lower of cost or fair value. Fair value is measured on a non-recurring basis and is based upon independent market prices or current appraisals that are generally prepared using an income or market valuation approach and conducted by an independent, licensed third party appraiser, adjusted for estimated selling costs (Level 3). At the time of foreclosure, any excess of the loan balance over the fair value of the real estate held as collateral is treated as a charge against the allowance for loan losses. For any real estate valuations subsequent to foreclosure, any excess of the real estate recorded value over the fair value of the real estate is treated as a foreclosed real estate write-down on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

 

For Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis as of June 30, 2016, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements were as follows:

 

($ in thousands)          
Description   Fair Value at
June 30, 2016		     Valuation 
Technique		   Significant Unobservable 
Inputs		   General Range 
of Significant 
Unobservable 
Input Values
Impaired loans – covered   $ 2,063     Appraised value; PV of expected cash flows   Discounts to reflect current market conditions, ultimate collectability, and estimated costs to sell   0-10%
Impaired loans – non-covered     15,920     Appraised value; PV of expected cash flows   Discounts to reflect current market conditions, ultimate collectability, and estimated costs to sell   0-10%
Foreclosed real estate – covered     385     Appraised value; List or contract price   Discounts to reflect current market conditions and estimated costs to sell   0-10%
Foreclosed real estate – non-covered     10,221     Appraised value; List or contract price   Discounts to reflect current market conditions, abbreviated holding period and estimated costs to sell   0-10%
                     

 

For Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2015, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements were as follows:

 

($ in thousands)          
Description   Fair Value at 
December 31, 2015		     Valuation 
Technique		   Significant Unobservable
Inputs		   General Range
of Significant 
Unobservable 
Input Values
Impaired loans – covered   $ 2,588     Appraised value; PV of expected cash flows   Discounts to reflect current market conditions, ultimate collectability, and estimated costs to sell   0-10%
Impaired loans – non-covered     18,057     Appraised value; PV of expected cash flows   Discounts to reflect current market conditions, ultimate collectability, and estimated costs to sell   0-10%
Foreclosed real estate – covered     806     Appraised value; List or contract price   Discounts to reflect current market conditions and estimated costs to sell   0-10%
Foreclosed real estate – non-covered     9,188     Appraised value; List or contract price   Discounts to reflect current market conditions, abbreviated holding period and estimated costs to sell   0-10%
                     

 

Transfers of assets or liabilities between levels within the fair value hierarchy are recognized when an event or change in circumstances occurs. There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 for assets or liabilities measured on a recurring basis during the three or six months ended June 30, 2016 or 2015.

 

For the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the increase (decrease) in the fair value of securities available for sale was $2,888,000 and ($743,000), respectively, which is included in other comprehensive income (net of tax expense (benefit) of $1,126,000 and ($291,000), respectively). Fair value measurement methods at June 30, 2016 and 2015 are consistent with those used in prior reporting periods.

 

The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 are as follows:

 

        June 30, 2016     December 31, 2015  

 

($ in thousands)

   Level in Fair 
Value 
Hierarchy		   Carrying
Amount		     Estimated
Fair Value		     Carrying
Amount		     Estimated
Fair Value		  
                             
Cash and due from banks, noninterest-bearing   Level 1   $ 58,956       58,956       53,285       53,285  
Due from banks, interest-bearing   Level 1     189,404       189,404       213,426       213,426  
Federal funds sold   Level 1     143       143       557       557  
Securities available for sale   Level 2     219,762       219,762       165,614       165,614  
Securities held to maturity   Level 2     142,073       146,099       154,610       157,146  
Presold mortgages in process of settlement   Level 1     4,104       4,104       4,323       4,323  
Total loans, net of allowance   Level 3     2,572,111       2,548,380       2,490,343       2,484,059  
Accrued interest receivable   Level 1     9,152       9,152       9,166       9,166  
FDIC indemnification asset   Level 3     5,157       5,109       8,439       8,256  
Bank-owned life insurance   Level 1     73,098       73,098       72,086       72,086  
                                     
Deposits   Level 2     2,872,020       2,871,399       2,811,285       2,809,828  
Borrowings   Level 2     206,394       198,531       186,394       178,468  
Accrued interest payable   Level 2     586       586       585       585  
                                     

 

Fair value methods and assumptions are set forth below for the Company’s financial instruments.

 

Cash and Amounts Due from Banks, Federal Funds Sold, Presold Mortgages in Process of Settlement, Accrued Interest Receivable, and Accrued Interest Payable - The carrying amounts approximate their fair value because of the short maturity of these financial instruments.

 

Available for Sale and Held to Maturity Securities - Fair values are provided by a third-party and are based on quoted market prices, where available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices of comparable instruments or matrix pricing.

 

Loans - For nonimpaired loans, fair values are estimated for portfolios of loans with similar financial characteristics. Loans are segregated by type such as commercial, financial and agricultural, real estate construction, real estate mortgages and installment loans to individuals. Each loan category is further segmented into fixed and variable interest rate terms. The fair value for each category is determined by discounting scheduled future cash flows using current interest rates offered on loans with similar risk characteristics. Fair values for impaired loans are primarily based on estimated proceeds expected upon liquidation of the collateral or the present value of expected cash flows.

 

FDIC Indemnification Asset – Fair value is equal to the FDIC reimbursement rate of the expected losses to be incurred and reimbursed by the FDIC and then discounted over the estimated period of receipt.

 

Bank-Owned Life Insurance – The carrying value of life insurance approximates fair value because this investment is carried at cash surrender value, as determined by the issuer.

 

Deposits - The fair value of deposits with no stated maturity, such as noninterest-bearing checking accounts, savings accounts, interest-bearing checking accounts, and money market accounts, is equal to the amount payable on demand as of the valuation date. The fair value of certificates of deposit is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate is estimated using the rates currently offered in the marketplace for deposits of similar remaining maturities.

 

Borrowings - The fair value of borrowings is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate is estimated using the rates currently offered by the Company’s lenders for debt of similar remaining maturities.

 

Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial instrument. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Company’s entire holdings of a particular financial instrument. Because no highly liquid market exists for a significant portion of the Company’s financial instruments, fair value estimates are based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience, current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments, and other factors. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.

 

Fair value estimates are based on existing on- and off-balance sheet financial instruments without attempting to estimate the value of anticipated future business and the value of assets and liabilities that are not considered financial instruments. Significant assets and liabilities that are not considered financial assets or liabilities include net premises and equipment, intangible and other assets such as deferred income taxes, prepaid expense accounts, income taxes currently payable and other various accrued expenses. In addition, the income tax ramifications related to the realization of the unrealized gains and losses can have a significant effect on fair value estimates and have not been considered in any of the estimates.