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Equity Items - Summary of Reconciliation of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Millions
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2025
Mar. 31, 2024
Balance, beginning of period     $ 2,868  
Balance, end of period $ 2,559 $ 3,134 $ 2,559 $ 3,134
Cash dividends declared per common share $ 0.405 $ 0.385 $ 0.81 $ 0.77
Common Stock and Paid in Capital [Member]        
Balance, beginning of period $ 2 $ 1 $ 1 $ 5
Common shares issued under stock incentive and other plans [1] 5 5 6 3
Common shares purchased under repurchase program [2],[3] (6) 0 (6) (2)
Balance, end of period 1 6 1 6
Retained earnings [Member]        
Balance, beginning of period 3,131 3,502 3,315 3,595
Net income (loss) 31 120 (135) 147
Regular dividends (19) (19) (38) (39)
Common shares purchased under repurchase program [2],[3] (95) 0 (95) (99)
Other 0 1 1 0
Balance, end of period 3,048 3,604 3,048 3,604
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) [Member]        
Balance, beginning of period (541) (450) (448) (503)
Unrealized translation gain (loss) 49 (27) (45) 27
Unrealized gain (loss) on commodity hedges 2 1 3 0
Balance, end of period $ (490) $ (476) $ (490) $ (476)
[1] Common stock issued were 52,993 and 32,458 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and 128,401 and 110,807 for the six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Includes zero and $1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $3 million and $4 million for the six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, associated with stock-based compensation employee withholding taxes.
[2] Common stock repurchased were 1,541,320 for the three and six months ended March 31, 2025, and zero and 1,238,212 for the three and six months ended March 31, 2024.
[3] Includes $1 million in excise tax on common stock repurchases for both the three and six months ended March 31, 2025, and zero and $1 million for the three and six months ended March 31, 2024, respectively. Ashland paid a total of $100 million for the three and six months ended March 31, 2025 and zero and $100 million for the three and six months ended March 31, 2024, respectively, for common stock repurchases.