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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2021

OR

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number 001-34504

ADDUS HOMECARE CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware |  | 20-5340172
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
6303 Cowboys Way, Suite 600 Frisco, TX |  | 75034
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (Zip Code)

(469) 535-8200

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.001 par value | ADUS | The Nasdaq Global Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer |  | ☒ |  | Accelerated Filer |  | ☐
Non-Accelerated Filer |  | ☐ |  | Smaller Reporting Company |  | ☐
Emerging Growth Company |  | ☐ |  |  |  |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒.

As of April 30, 2021, Addus HomeCare Corporation had 15,903,434 shares of Common Stock outstanding.

Table of Contents

ADDUS HOMECARE CORPORATION

FORM 10-Q

INDEX

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION | 3
Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited) | 3
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 | 3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 | 4
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 | 5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 | 6
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 7
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 19
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 32
Item 4. Controls and Procedures | 32
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION | 33
Item 1. Legal Proceedings | 33
Item 1A. Risk Factors | 33
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 33
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 33
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures | 33
Item 5. Other Information | 33
Item 6. Exhibits | 34

2

Table of Contents

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. | Financial Statements

ADDUS HOMECARE CORPORATION

AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020

(Amounts and Shares in Thousands, Except Per Share Data)

(Unaudited)

|  | March 31, 2021 |  |  | December 31, 2020 |
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash |  | $ | 125,547 |  |  | $ | 145,078 |
Accounts receivable, net |  |  | 138,806 |  |  |  | 132,650 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |  |  | 10,787 |  |  |  | 9,969 |
Total current assets |  |  | 275,140 |  |  |  | 287,697 |
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization |  |  | 19,322 |  |  |  | 19,749 |
Other assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Goodwill |  |  | 469,036 |  |  |  | 469,072 |
Intangibles, net of accumulated amortization |  |  | 69,395 |  |  |  | 71,549 |
Deferred tax assets, net |  |  | 6,359 |  |  |  | 6,524 |
Operating lease assets, net |  |  | 38,325 |  |  |  | 37,991 |
Total other assets |  |  | 583,115 |  |  |  | 585,136 |
Total assets |  | $ | 877,577 |  |  | $ | 892,582 |
Liabilities and stockholders' equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  | $ | 23,459 |  |  | $ | 23,705 |
Accrued payroll |  |  | 20,255 |  |  |  | 35,815 |
Accrued expenses |  |  | 38,654 |  |  |  | 37,564 |
Government stimulus advances |  |  | 20,368 |  |  |  | 32,087 |
Accrued workers' compensation insurance |  |  | 14,380 |  |  |  | 13,759 |
Current portion of long-term debt |  |  | 972 |  |  |  | 971 |
Total current liabilities |  |  | 118,088 |  |  |  | 143,901 |
Long-term liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Long-term debt, less current portion, net of debt issuance costs |  |  | 193,839 |  |  |  | 193,901 |
Long-term operating lease liabilities |  |  | 35,623 |  |  |  | 35,516 |
Other long-term liabilities |  |  | 117 |  |  |  | 588 |
Total long-term liabilities |  |  | 229,579 |  |  |  | 230,005 |
Total liabilities |  | $ | 347,667 |  |  | $ | 373,906 |
Stockholders' equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common stock—$.001 par value; 40,000 authorized and 15,903 and 15,826 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively |  | $ | 16 |  |  | $ | 16 |
Additional paid-in capital |  |  | 371,835 |  |  |  | 369,495 |
Retained earnings |  |  | 158,059 |  |  |  | 149,165 |
Total stockholders' equity |  |  | 529,910 |  |  |  | 518,676 |
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity |  | $ | 877,577 |  |  | $ | 892,582 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

3

Table of Contents

ADDUS HOMECARE CORPORATION

AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 and 2020

(Amounts and Shares in Thousands, Except Per Share Data)

(Unaudited)

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
Net service revenues |  | $ | 205,302 |  |  | $ | 190,216 |
Cost of service revenues |  |  | 144,105 |  |  |  | 134,381 |
Gross profit |  |  | 61,197 |  |  |  | 55,835 |
General and administrative expenses |  |  | 45,426 |  |  |  | 42,287 |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 3,601 |  |  |  | 2,887 |
Total operating expenses |  |  | 49,027 |  |  |  | 45,174 |
Operating income |  |  | 12,170 |  |  |  | 10,661 |
Interest income |  |  | (22 | ) |  |  | (334 | )
Interest expense |  |  | 1,216 |  |  |  | 908 |
Total interest expense, net |  |  | 1,194 |  |  |  | 574 |
Income before income taxes |  |  | 10,976 |  |  |  | 10,087 |
Income tax expense |  |  | 2,082 |  |  |  | 1,429 |
Net income |  | $ | 8,894 |  |  | $ | 8,658 |
Net income per common share |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic income per share |  | $ | 0.57 |  |  | $ | 0.56 |
Diluted income per share |  | $ | 0.55 |  |  | $ | 0.54 |
Weighted average number of common shares and potential common shares outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  |  | 15,694 |  |  |  | 15,519 |
Diluted |  |  | 16,069 |  |  |  | 15,907 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

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ADDUS HOMECARE CORPORATION

AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 and 2020

(Amounts and Shares in Thousands)

(Unaudited)

|  | Common Stock |  |  | Additional Paid-in |  |  | Retained |  |  | Total Stockholders' |
|  | Shares |  |  | Amount |  |  | Capital |  |  | Earnings |  |  | Equity |
Balance at January 1, 2021 |  |  | 15,826 |  |  | $ | 16 |  |  | $ | 369,495 |  |  | $ | 149,165 |  |  | $ | 518,676 |
Issuance of shares of common stock under restricted stock award agreements |  |  | 75 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Stock-based compensation |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,239 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,239 |
Shares issued for exercise of stock options |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 101 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 101 |
Net income |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 8,894 |  |  |  | 8,894 |
Balance at March 31, 2021 |  |  | 15,903 |  |  | $ | 16 |  |  | $ | 371,835 |  |  | $ | 158,059 |  |  | $ | 529,910 |
Balance at January 1, 2020 |  |  | 15,617 |  |  | $ | 15 |  |  | $ | 359,545 |  |  | $ | 116,032 |  |  | $ | 475,592 |
Forfeiture of shares of common stock under restricted stock award agreements |  |  | (5 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Stock-based compensation |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,407 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,407 |
Shares issued for exercise of stock options |  |  | 48 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1,150 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,151 |
Net income |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 8,658 |  |  |  | 8,658 |
Balance at March 31, 2020 |  |  | 15,660 |  |  | $ | 16 |  |  | $ | 362,102 |  |  | $ | 124,690 |  |  | $ | 486,808 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

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ADDUS HOMECARE CORPORATION

AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 and 2020

(Amounts in Thousands)

(Unaudited)

|  | For the Three Months |
|  | Ended March 31, |
|  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 8,894 |  |  | $ | 8,658 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities, net of acquisitions: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 3,601 |  |  |  | 2,887 |
Deferred income taxes |  |  | 165 |  |  |  | 42 |
Stock-based compensation |  |  | 2,239 |  |  |  | 1,407 |
Amortization of debt issuance costs under the credit facility |  |  | 184 |  |  |  | 186 |
Provision for doubtful accounts |  |  | 252 |  |  |  | 224 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts receivable |  |  | (6,397 | ) |  |  | 8,777 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |  |  | (1,007 | ) |  |  | 973 |
Government stimulus |  |  | (11,719 | ) |  |  | — |
Accounts payable |  |  | (290 | ) |  |  | (1,976 | )
Accrued payroll |  |  | (15,313 | ) |  |  | 5,228 |
Accrued expenses and other long-term liabilities |  |  | 1,025 |  |  |  | (5,964 | )
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities |  |  | (18,366 | ) |  |  | 20,442 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired |  |  | — |  |  |  | (87 | )
Purchases of property and equipment |  |  | (1,021 | ) |  |  | (2,747 | )
Net cash used in investing activities |  |  | (1,021 | ) |  |  | (2,834 | )
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Payments on term loan — credit facility |  |  | (245 | ) |  |  | — |
Payments on financing lease obligations |  |  | — |  |  |  | (10 | )
Cash received from exercise of stock options |  |  | 101 |  |  |  | 1,151 |
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities |  |  | (144 | ) |  |  | 1,141 |
Net change in cash |  |  | (19,531 | ) |  |  | 18,749 |
Cash, at beginning of period |  |  | 145,078 |  |  |  | 111,714 |
Cash, at end of period |  | $ | 125,547 |  |  | $ | 130,463 |
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash paid for interest |  | $ | 1,174 |  |  | $ | 731 |
Cash paid for income taxes |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,954 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

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ADDUS HOMECARE CORPORATION

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

1. Nature of Operations, Consolidation, and Presentation of Financial Statements

Addus HomeCare Corporation (“Holdings”) and its subsidiaries (together with Holdings, the “Company”, “we”, “us” or “our”) operate as a multi-state provider of three distinct but related business segments providing in-home services. In its personal care services segment, the Company provides non-medical assistance with activities of daily living, primarily to persons who are at increased risk of hospitalization or institutionalization, such as the elderly, chronically ill or disabled. In its hospice segment, the Company provides physical, emotional and spiritual care for people who are terminally ill as well as related services for their families. In its home health segment, the Company provides services that are primarily medical in nature to individuals who may require assistance during an illness or after hospitalization and include skilled nursing and physical, occupational and speech therapy. The Company’s payors include federal, state and local governmental agencies, managed care organizations, commercial insurers and private individuals.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. The accompanying balance sheet as of December 31, 2020 has been derived from the Company’s audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2020 previously filed with the SEC. Accordingly, these financial statements do not include all of the information and note disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for annual financial statements and should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2020 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, which includes information and disclosures not included herein.

In the opinion of management, these financial statements reflect all adjustments of a normal, recurring nature necessary for the fair statement of our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the interim periods presented in conformity with GAAP. Our results for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year or any other interim period.

Principles of Consolidation

These Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Addus HomeCare Corporation, and its subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Estimates

The financial statements are prepared by management in conformity with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) and include estimated amounts and certain disclosures based on assumptions about future events. The Company’s critical accounting estimates include the following areas: revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts, intangible assets acquired in business combinations and, when required, the quantitative impairment assessment of goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Diluted Net Income Per Common Share

Diluted net income per common share, calculated on the treasury stock method, is based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. The Company’s outstanding securities that may potentially dilute the common stock are stock options and restricted stock awards.

As of March 31, 2021 and 2020, dilutive stock options outstanding were approximately 503,000 and 585,000, respectively, and dilutive restricted stock awards outstanding were approximately 168,000 and 77,000, respectively.

Included in the Company’s calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2021, dilutive stock options outstanding were approximately 311,000. In addition, dilutive restricted stock awards outstanding were 64,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Included in the Company’s calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2020, dilutive stock options outstanding were approximately 311,000. In addition, dilutive restricted stock awards outstanding were 84,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

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Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. ASU 2019-12 simplifies various aspects related to accounting for income taxes and removes certain exceptions to the general guidance in ASC 740. In addition, the ASU clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application of its requirements. The ASU was adopted as of January 1, 2021 and did not have an impact on the Company’s results of operations or liquidity.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. ASU 2020-04 provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contract modifications and hedging relationships, and other transactions subject to meeting certain criteria, that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued. The ASU provides companies with optional guidance to ease the potential accounting burden associated with transitioning away from reference rates that are expected to be discontinued. Therefore, it will be in effect for a limited time through December 31, 2022. The ASU can be adopted no later than December 1, 2022 with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating the effect of adopting this new accounting guidance.

3. Leases

Amounts reported in the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 for our operating leases were as follows:

|  | March 31, 2021 |  |  | December 31, 2020 |
|  | (Amounts in Thousands) |
Operating lease assets, net |  | $ | 38,325 |  |  | $ | 37,991 |
Short-term operating lease liabilities (in accrued expenses) |  |  | 9,498 |  |  |  | 9,283 |
Long-term operating lease liabilities |  |  | 35,623 |  |  |  | 35,516 |
Total operating lease liabilities |  | $ | 45,121 |  |  | $ | 44,799 |

Lease Costs

Components of lease cost were reported in general and administrative expenses in the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income as follows:

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, (Amounts in Thousands) |
|  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
Operating lease costs |  | $ | 2,777 |  |  | $ | 2,118 |
Short-term lease costs |  |  | 181 |  |  |  | 266 |
Less: sublease income |  |  | (151 | ) |  |  | (74 | )
Total lease cost, net |  | $ | 2,807 |  |  | $ | 2,310 |

Lease Term and Discount Rate

Weighted average remaining lease terms and discount rates were as follows:

|  | March 31, 2021 |  |  | December 31, 2020 |
Operating leases: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average remaining lease term |  |  | 6.83 |  |  |  | 6.97 |
Weighted average discount rate |  |  | 4.04 | % |  |  | 4.18 | %

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Maturity of Lease Liabilities

A summary of our remaining operating lease payments as of March 31, 2021 were as follows:

|  | Operating Leases |
|  | (Amounts in Thousands) |
Due in the 12-month period ended March 31, |  |  |  |
2022 |  | $ | 10,919 |
2023 |  |  | 9,228 |
2024 |  |  | 7,308 |
2025 |  |  | 5,424 |
2026 |  |  | 3,266 |
Thereafter |  |  | 15,771 |
Total future minimum rental commitments |  |  | 51,916 |
Less: Imputed interest |  |  | (6,795 | )
Total lease liabilities |  | $ | 45,121 |

Supplemental cash flows information

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, (Amounts in Thousands) |
|  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating cash flows from operating leases |  | $ | 2,517 |  |  | $ | 2,171 |
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating leases |  |  | 2,675 |  |  |  | 1,439 |

4. Acquisitions

The Company’s acquisitions have been accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations, and the resulting goodwill and other intangible assets were accounted for under ASC Topic 350, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Under business combination accounting, the assets and liabilities are generally recognized at their fair values and the difference between the consideration transferred, excluding transaction costs, and the fair values of the assets and liabilities is recognized as goodwill. The results of each business acquisition are included on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income from the date of the acquisition.

Management’s assessment of qualitative factors affecting goodwill for each acquisition includes estimates of market share at the date of purchase, ability to grow in the market, synergy with existing Company operations and the payor profile in the markets.

Queen City Hospice

On December 4, 2020, we completed the acquisition of Queen City Hospice, LLC and its affiliate Miracle City Hospice, LLC (together “Queen City Hospice”). The purchase price was approximately $194.8 million, including the amount of acquired excess cash held by Queen City Hospice at the closing of the acquisition (approximately $15.4 million). The purchase of Queen City Hospice was funded with the Company’s revolving credit facility and available cash. With the purchase of Queen City Hospice, the Company expanded its hospice services in the state of Ohio. The related integration costs were $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. These costs were included in general and administrative expenses on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and were expensed as incurred.

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Based upon management’s valuations, which are preliminary and subject to completion of working capital adjustments, the fair values of the assets and liabilities acquired are as follows:

|  | Total (Amounts in Thousands) |
Goodwill |  | $ | 169,107 |
Identifiable intangible assets |  |  | 20,015 |
Cash |  |  | 15,444 |
Property and equipment |  |  | 759 |
Accounts receivable |  |  | 5,835 |
Operating lease assets, net |  |  | 3,028 |
Other assets |  |  | 160 |
Accounts payable |  |  | (2,278 | )
Accrued expenses |  |  | (503 | )
Accrued payroll |  |  | (1,351 | )
Long-term operating lease liabilities |  |  | (2,765 | )
Government stimulus advances |  |  | (12,694 | )
Total purchase price |  | $ | 194,757 |

Identifiable intangible assets acquired included $11.0 million in trade names, $1.5 million of non-competition agreements with estimated useful lives of fifteen years and five years, respectively, and $7.5 million of indefinite lived state licenses. The preliminary estimated fair value of identifiable intangible assets was determined with the assistance of a valuation specialist, using Level 3 inputs as defined under ASC Topic 820. The fair value analysis and related valuations reflect the conclusions of management. All estimates, key assumptions, and forecasts were either provided by or reviewed by the Company. The goodwill and intangible assets acquired are deductible for tax purposes.

County Homemakers

On November 1, 2020, we completed the acquisition of County Homemakers. The purchase price was approximately $15.8 million, including the amount of acquired excess cash held by County Homemakers at the closing of the acquisition (approximately $1.1 million). The purchase of County Homemakers was funded with the Company’s available cash. With the purchase of County Homemakers, the Company expanded its personal care services in the state of Pennsylvania. The related integration costs were $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. These costs were included in general and administrative expenses on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and were expensed as incurred.

Based upon management’s valuations, which are preliminary and subject to completion of working capital adjustments, the fair values of the assets and liabilities acquired are as follows:

|  | Total (Amounts in Thousands) |
Goodwill |  | $ | 13,403 |
Identifiable intangible assets |  |  | 474 |
Cash |  |  | 1,104 |
Property and equipment |  |  | 52 |
Accounts receivable |  |  | 1,395 |
Operating lease assets, net |  |  | 485 |
Other assets |  |  | 40 |
Accounts payable |  |  | (67 | )
Accrued expenses |  |  | (37 | )
Accrued payroll |  |  | (543 | )
Long-term operating lease liabilities |  |  | (485 | )
Total purchase price |  | $ | 15,821 |

Identifiable intangible assets acquired included approximately $0.3 million in state licenses and $0.1 million in trade names with estimated useful lives of eight years and one year, respectively. The preliminary estimated fair value of identifiable intangible assets was determined with the assistance of a valuation specialist, using Level 3 inputs as defined under ASC Topic 820. The fair value analysis and related valuations reflect the conclusions of management. All estimates, key assumptions, and forecasts were either provided by or reviewed by the Company. The goodwill and intangible assets acquired are deductible for tax purposes.

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A Plus Health Care

On July 1, 2020, we completed the acquisition of A Plus Health Care, Inc. (“A Plus”). The purchase price was approximately $14.5 million, including the amount of acquired excess cash held by A Plus at the closing of the acquisition (approximately $2.8 million). The purchase of A Plus was funded with the Company’s available cash. With the purchase of A Plus, the Company expanded its personal care services in the state of Montana. The related integration costs were $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. These costs were included in general and administrative expenses on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and were expensed as incurred.

Based upon management’s valuations, which are preliminary and subject to completion of working capital adjustments, the fair values of the assets and liabilities acquired are as follows:

|  | Total (Amounts in Thousands) |
Goodwill |  | $ | 9,711 |
Identifiable intangible assets |  |  | 1,523 |
Cash |  |  | 2,819 |
Accounts receivable |  |  | 1,075 |
Operating lease assets, net |  |  | 180 |
Other assets |  |  | 26 |
Accounts payable |  |  | (34 | )
Accrued expenses |  |  | (362 | )
Accrued payroll |  |  | (311 | )
Long-term operating lease liabilities |  |  | (100 | )
Total purchase price |  | $ | 14,527 |

Identifiable intangible assets acquired included $1.4 million in trade names with an estimated useful life of fifteen years. The preliminary estimated fair value of identifiable intangible assets was determined with the assistance of a valuation specialist, using Level 3 inputs as defined under ASC Topic 820. The fair value analysis and related valuations reflect the conclusions of management. All estimates, key assumptions, and forecasts were either provided by or reviewed by the Company. The goodwill and intangible assets acquired are deductible for tax purposes.

SunLife Home Care

On December 1, 2020, we completed the acquisition of SunLife Home Care (“SunLife”) for approximately $1.7 million and recorded goodwill of $1.6 million. With the purchase of SunLife, we expanded our personal care services in the state of Arizona. Goodwill generated from the acquisition is primarily attributable to expected synergies with existing Company operations and the goodwill acquired is deductible for tax purposes.

The following table contains unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated income statement information of the Company for the three months ended March 31, 2020 as if each of the acquisitions of Queen City Hospice, County Homemakers and A Plus closed on January 1, 2020.

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 (Amounts in Thousands) |
Net service revenues |  | $ | 208,967 |
Operating income |  |  | 47,112 |
Net income |  |  | 10,319 |
Net income per common share |  |  |  |
Basic income per share |  | $ | 0.66 |
Diluted income per share |  | $ | 0.65 |

The pro forma disclosures in the table above include adjustments for amortization of intangible assets, tax expense and acquisition costs to reflect results that are more representative of the combined results of the transactions as if Queen City Hospice, County Homemakers and A Plus had been acquired effective January 1, 2020. This pro forma information is presented for illustrative purposes only and may not be indicative of the results of operations that would have actually occurred. In addition, future results may vary significantly from the results reflected in the pro forma information. The unaudited pro forma financial information does not reflect the impact of future events that may occur after the acquisition, such as anticipated cost savings from operating synergies.

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5. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The goodwill for the Company was $469.0 million and $469.1 million as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

A summary of the goodwill activity for the three months ended March 31, 2021 is provided below:

|  | Goodwill |
|  | Hospice |  |  | Personal Care |  |  | Home Health |  |  | Total |
|  | (Amounts in Thousands) |
Goodwill as of December 31, 2020 |  | $ | 314,833 |  |  | $ | 152,448 |  |  | $ | 1,791 |  |  | $ | 469,072 |
Adjustments to previously recorded goodwill |  |  | (100 | ) |  |  | 64 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (36 | )
Goodwill as of March 31, 2021 |  | $ | 314,733 |  |  | $ | 152,512 |  |  | $ | 1,791 |  |  | $ | 469,036 |

The Company’s identifiable intangible assets consist of customer and referral relationships, trade names and trademarks, non-competition agreements and state licenses. Amortization is computed using straight-line and accelerated methods based upon the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, which range from one to twenty-five years. Customer and referral relationships are amortized systematically over the periods of expected economic benefit, which range from five to ten years.

The carrying amount and accumulated amortization of each identifiable intangible asset category consisted of the following as of March 31, 2021:

|  | Customer and referral relationships |  |  | Trade names and trademarks |  |  | Non- competition agreements |  |  | State Licenses |  |  | Total |
|  | (Amounts in Thousands) |
Intangible assets with indefinite lives |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20,791 |  |  | $ | 20,791 |
Intangible assets subject to amortization: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross carrying amount |  |  | 44,672 |  |  |  | 42,926 |  |  |  | 6,225 |  |  |  | 12,507 |  |  |  | 106,330 |
Accumulated amortization |  |  | (34,915 | ) |  |  | (16,152 | ) |  |  | (3,111 | ) |  |  | (3,548 | ) |  |  | (57,726 | )
Intangible assets subject to amortization, net |  |  | 9,757 |  |  |  | 26,774 |  |  |  | 3,114 |  |  |  | 8,959 |  |  |  | 48,604 |
Total intangible assets at March 31, 2021 |  | $ | 9,757 |  |  | $ | 26,774 |  |  | $ | 3,114 |  |  | $ | 29,750 |  |  | $ | 69,395 |

Amortization expense related to the identifiable intangible assets amounted to $2.2 million and $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The weighted average remaining useful lives of identifiable intangible assets as of March 31, 2021 is 9.6 years.

6. Details of Certain Balance Sheet Accounts

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consisted of the following:

|  | March 31, 2021 |  |  | December 31, 2020 |
|  | (Amounts in Thousands) |
Workers' compensation insurance receivable |  | $ | 1,924 |  |  | $ | 1,860 |
Prepaid workers' compensation and liability insurance |  |  | 1,875 |  |  |  | 2,838 |
Health insurance receivable |  |  | 1,379 |  |  |  | 528 |
Other |  |  | 5,609 |  |  |  | 4,743 |
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets |  | $ | 10,787 |  |  | $ | 9,969 |

Accrued expenses consisted of the following:

|  | March 31, 2021 |  |  | December 31, 2020 |
|  | (Amounts in Thousands) |
Current portion of operating lease liabilities |  | $ | 9,498 |  |  | $ | 9,283 |
Accrued health insurance |  |  | 5,063 |  |  |  | 5,607 |
Accrued payroll taxes |  |  | 6,978 |  |  |  | 4,543 |
Accrued professional fees |  |  | 2,935 |  |  |  | 4,220 |
Payor advances (1) |  |  | 5,052 |  |  |  | 4,206 |
Other |  |  | 9,128 |  |  |  | 9,705 |
Total accrued expenses |  | $ | 38,654 |  |  | $ | 37,564 |

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| (1) | Represents the deferred portion of payments received from payors for COVID-19 reimbursements which will be recognized as we incur specific COVID-19 related expenses (including expenses related to securing and maintaining adequate personnel) or will be returned if such related expenses are not incurred.

Government stimulus advances consisted of the following:

|  | March 31, 2021 |  |  | December 31, 2020 |
|  | (Amounts in Thousands) |
Provider Relief Fund |  | $ | 11,334 |  |  | $ | 12,252 |
CMS advanced payment program — Queen City Hospice |  |  | — |  |  |  | 10,801 |
Payroll tax deferral |  |  | 7,141 |  |  |  | 7,141 |
Provider Relief Fund — Queen City Hospice |  |  | 1,893 |  |  |  | 1,893 |
Total government stimulus advances |  | $ | 20,368 |  |  | $ | 32,087 |

In recognition of the significant threat to the liquidity of financial markets posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Federal Reserve and Congress have taken dramatic actions to provide liquidity to businesses and the banking system in the United States. One of the primary sources of relief for healthcare providers is the CARES Act, which was expanded by the PPPHCE Act, and the CAA. The American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (“ARPA”), another relief package with numerous provisions that affect healthcare providers, was signed into law in March 2021. See Note 9 for additional information regarding government actions to mitigate COVID-19’s impact.

Provider Relief Fund

In total, the CARES Act and other relief legislation include over $178 billion in funding to be distributed through the Provider Relief Fund to eligible providers, including public entities and Medicare- and/or Medicaid-enrolled providers. In November 2020, the Company received grants in an aggregate principal amount of $13.7 million from the Provider Relief Fund, for which we had previously applied. The Company utilized $0.9 million of these funds for healthcare related expenses attributable to COVID-19 that were unreimbursed by other sources in the three months ended March 31, 2021 and, in accordance with the current guidance issued by HHS, expects to utilize additional funds through June 30, 2021, at which point any unused funds will be returned. We are required to properly and fully document the use of such funds in reports to HHS. The Company’s ability to utilize and retain some or all of such funds will depend on the magnitude, timing and nature of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the terms and conditions of the funds received. Queen City Hospice intends to administer retention payments of $1.9 million to caregivers in the second quarter of 2021, which we believe to be necessary to secure and maintain adequate personnel. Commercial organizations that receive and expend annual total awards of $750,000 or more in federal funding, including payments received through the Provider Relief Fund, are subject to federal audit requirements.

Medicare Accelerated and Advance Payment Program – Queen City Hospice

The CARES Act expanded the Medicare Accelerated and Advance Payment Program to increase cash flow to providers impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Hospice and home health providers were able to request an advance or accelerated payment of up to 100% of the Medicare payment amount for a three-month period (not including Medicare Advantage payments). The Medicare Accelerated and Advance Payment Program payments are a loan that providers must repay. In April 2020, Queen City Hospice received an amount equal to $10.8 million pursuant to the Medicare Accelerated and Advance Payment Program. Queen City Hospice did not repay the funds prior to the completion of our acquisition of Queen City Hospice. However, Queen City Hospice repaid such funds following such acquisition in March 2021, prior to any CMS recoupment and before any interest accrual.

Payroll tax deferral

The CARES Act also provides for certain federal income and other tax changes, including allowing for the deferral of the employer portion of Social Security payroll taxes through December 31, 2020. The Company received a cash benefit of approximately $7.1 million related to the deferral of employer payroll taxes for 2020 under the CARES Act, for the period April 2, 2020 through June 30, 2020. Effective July 1, 2020, the Company began paying its deferred portion of employer Social Security payroll taxes and expects to repay the $7.1 million in 2021.

7. Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt consisted of the following:

|  | March 31, 2021 |  |  | December 31, 2020 |
|  | (Amounts in Thousands) |
Revolving loan under the credit facility |  | $ | 178,458 |  |  | $ | 178,458 |
Term loan under the credit facility |  |  | 17,885 |  |  |  | 18,130 |
Less unamortized issuance costs |  |  | (1,532 | ) |  |  | (1,716 | )
Total |  | $ | 194,811 |  |  | $ | 194,872 |
Less current maturities |  |  | (972 | ) |  |  | (971 | )
Long-term debt |  | $ | 193,839 |  |  | $ | 193,901 |

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Amended and Restated Senior Secured Credit Facility

On October 31, 2018, the Company entered into the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of October 31, 2018, with certain lenders and Capital One, National Association, as a lender and as agent for all lenders (as amended by the Amendment (as hereinafter defined), the “Credit Agreement”). This credit facility totaled $269.6 million, inclusive of a $250.0 million revolving loan and a $19.6 million delayed draw term loan, and is evidenced by the Credit Agreement. This credit facility amended and restated the Company’s existing senior secured credit facility totaling $250.0 million. As used throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, “credit facility” shall mean the credit facility evidenced by the Credit Agreement. The maturity of this credit facility is May 8, 2023. Interest on the Company’s credit facility may be payable at (x) the sum of (i) an applicable margin ranging from 0.75% to 1.50% based on the applicable senior net leverage ratio plus (ii) a base rate equal to the greatest of (a) the rate of interest last quoted by The Wall Street Journal as the “prime rate,” (b) the sum of the federal funds rate plus a margin of 0.50% and (c) the sum of the adjusted LIBOR that would be applicable to a loan with an interest period of one month advanced on the applicable day (not to be less than 0.00%) plus a margin of 1.00% or (y) the sum of (i) an applicable margin ranging from 1.75% to 2.50% based on the applicable senior net leverage ratio plus (ii) the offered rate per annum for similar dollar deposits for the applicable interest period that appears on Reuters Screen LIBOR01 Page (not to be less than zero). Swing loans may not be LIBOR loans. The availability of additional draws under this credit facility is conditioned, among other things, upon (after giving effect to such draws) the Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) not exceeding 3.75:1.00. In certain circumstances, in connection with a Material Acquisition (as defined in the Credit Agreement), the Company can elect to increase its Total Net Leverage Ratio compliance covenant to 4.25:1.00 for the then current fiscal quarter and the three succeeding fiscal quarters.

Addus HealthCare, Inc. (“Addus HealthCare”) is the borrower, and its parent, Holdings, and substantially all of Holdings’ subsidiaries are guarantors under this credit facility, and it is collateralized by a first priority security interest in all of the Company’s and the other credit parties’ current and future tangible and intangible assets, including the shares of stock of the borrower and subsidiaries. The Credit Agreement contains affirmative and negative covenants customary for credit facilities of this type, including limitations on the Company with respect to liens, indebtedness, guaranties, investments, distributions, mergers and acquisitions and dispositions of assets.

The Company pays a fee ranging from 0.20% to 0.35% based on the applicable senior net leverage ratio times the unused portion of the revolving loan portion of the credit facility.

The Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative covenants regarding, among other things, the maintenance of records, compliance with laws, maintenance of permits, maintenance of insurance and property and payment of taxes. The Credit Agreement also contains certain customary financial covenants and negative covenants that, among other things, include a requirement to maintain a minimum Interest Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement), a requirement to stay below a maximum Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) and a requirement to stay below a maximum permitted amount of capital expenditures. The Credit Agreement also contains restrictions on guarantees, indebtedness, liens, investments and loans, subject to customary carve outs, a restriction on dividends (provided that Addus HealthCare may make distributions to the Company in an amount that does not exceed $7.5 million in any year absent of an event of default, plus limited exceptions for tax and administrative distributions), a restriction on the ability to consummate acquisitions (without the consent of the lenders) under its credit facility subject to compliance with the Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement thresholds), restrictions on mergers, dispositions of assets, and affiliate transactions, and restrictions on fundamental changes and lines of business. As of March 31, 2021, the Company was in compliance with all financial covenants under the Credit Agreement.

On September 12, 2019, the Company entered into a First Amendment (the “Amendment”) to its Credit Agreement. The Amendment increased the Company’s credit facility by $50.0 million in incremental revolving loans, for an aggregate $300.0 million in revolving loans. The Amendment provides that future incremental loans may be for term loans or an increase to the revolving loan commitments. The Amendment further provides that the proceeds of the incremental revolving loan commitments may be used for, among other things, general corporate purposes.

During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company had no draws under its credit facility.

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At March 31, 2021, the Company had a total of $178.5 million of revolving loans, with an interest rate of 1.86% and $17.9 million of term loans, with an interest rate of 1.86%, outstanding on its credit facility. After giving effect to the amount drawn on its credit facility, approximately $8.7 million of outstanding letters of credit and borrowing limits based on an advance multiple of adjusted EBITDA (as defined in the Credit Agreement), the Company had $112.8 million available for borrowing under its credit facility. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had a total of $178.5 million of revolving loans, with an interest rate of 1.90%, and $18.1 million of term loans, with an interest rate of 1.90%, outstanding on its credit facility.

8. Income Taxes

The effective income tax rate was 19.0% and 14.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The difference between our federal statutory and effective income tax rates is principally due to excess tax benefit and the use of federal employment tax credits, offset by the inclusion of state taxes and non-deductible compensation. The excess tax benefit is a discrete item, related to the vesting of equity shares, which requires the Company to recognize the benefit fully in the period. An excess tax benefit results if the Company’s income tax deduction exceeds the cumulative costs of the award recognized on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

9. Commitments and Contingencies

Government Actions to Mitigate COVID-19’s Impact

On January 31, 2020, the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”) declared a national public health emergency due to a novel coronavirus. In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of COVID-19, a disease caused by this novel coronavirus, a pandemic. This disease continues to impact the United States and other parts of the world.

In recognition of the significant threat to the liquidity of financial markets posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Federal Reserve and Congress have taken dramatic actions to provide liquidity to businesses and the banking system in the United States. For example, on March 27, 2020, the CARES Act, a sweeping stimulus bill intended to bolster the U.S. economy, was enacted. The PPPHCE Act and the CAA both expansions of the CARES Act, were signed into law on April 24, 2020 and December 27, 2020, respectively. In total, the CARES Act, the PPPHCE Act and CAA authorize $178 billion in funding to be distributed to health care providers through the Provider Relief Fund. This funding is intended to support healthcare providers by reimbursing them for healthcare-related expenses or lost revenues attributable to COVID-19. On March 11, 2021, the ARPA was signed into law, another COVID-19 relief package with numerous provisions that affect healthcare providers, including additional funding targeted to specified healthcare providers and to improve coronavirus testing and vaccine-related activities.

In addition to the Provider Relief Fund, the CARES Act and related laws include temporary changes to Medicare and Medicaid payment rules and relief from certain accounting provisions, for example temporarily lifting the Medicare sequester, which would have otherwise reduced payments to Medicare providers by 2% as required by the Budget Control Act of 2011, from May 1, 2020, through December 31, 2021 (but also extending sequestration through 2030). This Medicare sequester relief resulted in an increase of $0.1 million to home health net service revenues and $0.7 million to hospice net service revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021. However, the ARPA increases the federal budget deficit in a manner that triggers an additional statutorily mandated sequestration under the Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 (“PAYGO Act”). As a result, absent congressional action, Medicare spending will be reduced by up to 4 percentage points in fiscal year 2022, in addition to the existing sequestration requirements of the Budget Control Act of 2011. We cannot currently determine the extent to which our business, results of operations, financial condition or liquidity will ultimately be impacted by mandated sequestration triggers under the PAYGO Act.

While conditions related to the COVID-19 pandemic have improved in recent months in the United States as vaccinations have become more widely available, it is impossible to predict the effect and ultimate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company as the situation continues to evolve. See Note 6 for additional information regarding government stimulus advances the Company has received.

Legal Proceedings

From time to time, the Company is subject to legal and/or administrative proceedings incidental to its business. It is the opinion of management that the outcome of pending legal and/or administrative proceedings will not have a material effect on the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

10. Segment Information

Operating segments are defined as components of a company that engage in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses, and for which separate financial information is available and is regularly reviewed by the Company’s chief operating decision makers, to assess the performance of the individual segments and make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segments. The Company operates as a multi-state provider of three distinct but related business segments providing in-home services.

In its personal care segment, the Company provides non-medical assistance with activities of daily living, primarily to persons who are at increased risk of hospitalization or institutionalization, such as the elderly, chronically ill or disabled. In its hospice segment, the Company

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provides physical, emotional and spiritual care for people who are terminally ill as well as related services for their families. In its home health segment, the Company provides services that are primarily medica l in nature to individuals who may require assistance during an illness or after hospitalization and include skilled nursing and physical, occupational and speech therapy.

The tables below set forth information about the Company’s reportable segments for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 along with the items necessary to reconcile the segment information to the totals reported in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements. Segment assets are not reviewed by the Company’s chief operating decision maker function and therefore are not disclosed below.

Segment operating income consists of revenue generated by a segment, less the direct costs of service revenues and general and administrative expenses that are incurred directly by the segment. Unallocated general and administrative costs are those costs for functions performed in a centralized manner and therefore not attributable to a particular segment. These costs include accounting, finance, human resources, legal, information technology, corporate office support and facility costs and overall corporate management.

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 |
|  | (Amounts in Thousands) |
|  | Personal Care |  |  | Hospice |  |  | Home Health |  |  | Total |
Net service revenues |  | $ | 164,868 |  |  | $ | 36,094 |  |  | $ | 4,340 |  |  | $ | 205,302 |
Cost of services revenues |  |  | 122,839 |  |  |  | 18,596 |  |  |  | 2,670 |  |  |  | 144,105 |
Gross profit |  |  | 42,029 |  |  |  | 17,498 |  |  |  | 1,670 |  |  |  | 61,197 |
General and administrative expenses |  |  | 15,283 |  |  |  | 8,463 |  |  |  | 965 |  |  |  | 24,711 |
Segment operating income |  | $ | 26,746 |  |  | $ | 9,035 |  |  | $ | 705 |  |  | $ | 36,486 |

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 |
|  | (Amounts in Thousands) |
|  | Personal Care |  |  | Hospice |  |  | Home Health |  |  | Total |
Net service revenues |  | $ | 160,665 |  |  | $ | 25,212 |  |  | $ | 4,339 |  |  | $ | 190,216 |
Cost of services revenues |  |  | 119,027 |  |  |  | 12,318 |  |  |  | 3,036 |  |  |  | 134,381 |
Gross profit |  |  | 41,638 |  |  |  | 12,894 |  |  |  | 1,303 |  |  |  | 55,835 |
General and administrative expenses |  |  | 15,603 |  |  |  | 6,457 |  |  |  | 1,022 |  |  |  | 23,082 |
Segment operating income |  | $ | 26,035 |  |  | $ | 6,437 |  |  | $ | 281 |  |  | $ | 32,753 |

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
|  | (Amounts in Thousands) |
Segment reconciliation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total segment operating income |  | $ | 36,486 |  |  | $ | 32,753 |
Items not allocated at segment level: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other general and administrative expenses |  |  | 20,715 |  |  |  | 19,205 |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 3,601 |  |  |  | 2,887 |
Interest income |  |  | (22 | ) |  |  | (334 | )
Interest expense |  |  | 1,216 |  |  |  | 908 |
Income before income taxes |  | $ | 10,976 |  |  | $ | 10,087 |

11. Significant Payors

For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company’s revenue by payor type was as follows:

|  | Personal Care |  |
|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  | 2021 |  |  |  | 2020 |  |
|  | Amount (in Thousands) |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |  |  | Amount (in Thousands) |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |
State, local and other governmental programs |  | $ | 80,849 |  |  |  | 49.0 |  | % |  | $ | 79,346 |  |  |  | 49.4 |  | %
Managed care organizations |  |  | 75,456 |  |  |  | 45.8 |  |  |  |  | 72,110 |  |  |  | 44.9 |  |
Private pay |  |  | 4,903 |  |  |  | 3.0 |  |  |  |  | 5,270 |  |  |  | 3.3 |  |
Commercial insurance |  |  | 2,346 |  |  |  | 1.4 |  |  |  |  | 2,576 |  |  |  | 1.6 |  |
Other |  |  | 1,314 |  |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  |  | 1,363 |  |  |  | 0.8 |  |
Total personal care segment net service revenues |  | $ | 164,868 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | % |  | $ | 160,665 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | %

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|  | Hospice |  |
|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  | 2021 |  |  |  | 2020 |  |
|  | Amount (in Thousands) |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |  |  | Amount (in Thousands) |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |
Medicare |  | $ | 33,985 |  |  |  | 94.2 |  | % |  | $ | 23,219 |  |  |  | 92.1 |  | %
Managed care organizations |  |  | 1,487 |  |  |  | 4.1 |  |  |  |  | 1,385 |  |  |  | 5.5 |  |
Other |  |  | 622 |  |  |  | 1.7 |  |  |  |  | 608 |  |  |  | 2.4 |  |
Total hospice segment net service revenues |  | $ | 36,094 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | % |  | $ | 25,212 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | %

|  | Home Health |  |
|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  | 2021 |  |  |  | 2020 |  |
|  | Amount (in Thousands) |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |  |  | Amount (in Thousands) |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |
Medicare |  | $ | 3,502 |  |  |  | 80.7 |  | % |  | $ | 3,470 |  |  |  | 80.0 |  | %
Managed care organizations |  |  | 798 |  |  |  | 18.4 |  |  |  |  | 807 |  |  |  | 18.6 |  |
Other |  |  | 40 |  |  |  | 0.9 |  |  |  |  | 62 |  |  |  | 1.4 |  |
Total home health segment net service revenues |  | $ | 4,340 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | % |  | $ | 4,339 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | %

The Company derives a significant amount of its revenue from its operations in Illinois, New York and New Mexico. The percentages of segment revenue for each of these significant states for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

|  | Personal Care |  |
|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  | 2021 |  |  |  | 2020 |  |
|  | Amount (in Thousands) |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |  |  | Amount (in Thousands) |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |
Illinois |  | $ | 73,385 |  |  |  | 44.5 |  | % |  | $ | 71,545 |  |  |  | 44.5 |  | %
New York |  |  | 27,575 |  |  |  | 16.7 |  |  |  |  | 31,838 |  |  |  | 19.8 |  |
New Mexico |  |  | 23,593 |  |  |  | 14.3 |  |  |  |  | 20,694 |  |  |  | 12.9 |  |
All other states |  |  | 40,315 |  |  |  | 24.5 |  |  |  |  | 36,588 |  |  |  | 22.8 |  |
Total personal care segment net service revenues |  | $ | 164,868 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | % |  | $ | 160,665 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | %

|  | Hospice |  |
|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  | 2021 |  |  |  | 2020 |  |
|  | Amount (in Thousands) |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |  |  | Amount (in Thousands) |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |
Ohio |  | $ | 14,114 |  |  |  | 39.1 |  | % |  | $ | — |  |  |  | — |  | %
New Mexico |  |  | 9,230 |  |  |  | 25.6 |  |  |  |  | 11,009 |  |  |  | 43.7 |  |
All other states |  |  | 12,750 |  |  |  | 35.3 |  |  |  |  | 14,203 |  |  |  | 56.3 |  |
Total hospice segment net service revenues |  | $ | 36,094 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | % |  | $ | 25,212 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | %

| With the acquisition of Queen City Hospice, the Company expanded our hospice services in the state of Ohio.

|  | Home Health |  |
|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  | 2021 |  |  |  | 2020 |  |
|  | Amount (in Thousands) |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |  |  | Amount (in Thousands) |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |
New Mexico |  | $ | 4,340 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | % |  | $ | 4,339 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | %
Total home health segment net service revenues |  | $ | 4,340 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | % |  | $ | 4,339 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | %

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A substantial portion of the Company’s revenue and accounts receivable are derived from services performed for federal, state and local governmental agencies. We derive a significant amount of our net service revenues in Illinois, which represented 35.8%, and 37.7% of our net service revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021, and 2020, respectively. The Illinois Department on Aging, the largest payor program for the Company’s Illinois personal care operations, accounted for 20.4% and 23.2% of the Company’s net service revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The related receivables due from the Illinois Department on Aging represented 23.8% and 15.9% of the Company’s net accounts receivable at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

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ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

You should read the following discussion together with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. This discussion contains forward-looking statements about our business and operations. Statements that are predictive in nature, that depend upon or refer to future events or conditions or that include words like “believes,” “belief,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “projects,” “estimates,” “may,” “might,” “would,” “should” and similar expressions are intended to be forward-looking statements as defined by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are based on the beliefs and assumptions of our management based on information currently available to management. Such forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other important factors that could cause actual results and the timing of certain events to differ materially from future results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the anticipated impact to our business with respect to developments related to the COVID-19 pandemic, including, without limitation, those related to the length and severity of the pandemic, as well as the timing, availability and adoption of effective medical treatments and vaccines; the pandemic’s impact on our operations, reimbursement and our consumer population; measures we are taking to respond to the pandemic; the impact of government regulation and stimulus measures, including the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”), Paycheck Protection Program and Health Care Enhancement Act (“PPPHCE Act”), the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (“CAA”), the Covid-Related Tax Relief Act of 2020, the American Rescue Plan of 2021 (“ARPA”) and other stimulus legislation, along with the related uncertainties regarding the implementation of such stimulus measures and any future stimulus measures related to COVID-19; increased expenses related to personal protective equipment (“PPE”), labor, supply chain, or other expenditures; and workforce disruptions and supply shortages and disruptions; changes in operational and reimbursement processes and payment structures at the state or federal levels; changes in Medicaid, Medicare, other government program and managed care organizations policies and payment rates; changes in, or our failure to comply with, existing, federal and state laws or regulations, or our failure to comply with new government laws or regulations on a timely basis; competition in the healthcare industry; the geographical concentration of our operations; changes in the case mix of consumers and payment methodologies; operational changes resulting from the assumption by managed care organizations of responsibility for managing and paying for our services to consumers; the nature and success of future financial and/or delivery system reforms; changes in estimates and judgments associated with critical accounting policies; our ability to maintain or establish new referral sources; our ability to renew significant agreements or groups of agreements; our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel; federal, city and state minimum wage pressure, including any failure of Illinois or any other governmental entity to enact a minimum wage offset and/or the timing of any such enactment; changes in payments and covered services due to the overall economic conditions, including economic and business conditions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, and deficit spending by federal and state governments; cost containment initiatives undertaken by state and other third-party payors; our ability to access financing through the capital and credit markets; our ability to meet debt service requirements and comply with covenants in debt agreements; business disruptions due to natural disasters, acts of terrorism, pandemics, riots, civil insurrection or social unrest, looting, protests, strikes or street demonstrations; our ability to integrate and manage our information systems; our ability to prevent cyber-attacks or security breaches to protect our computer systems and confidential consumer data; our expectations regarding the size and growth of the market for our services; the acceptance of privatized social services; our expectations regarding changes in reimbursement rates; eligibility standards and limits on services imposed by state governmental agencies; the potential for litigation; discretionary determinations by government officials; our ability to successfully implement our business model to grow our business; our ability to continue identifying, pursuing, consummating and integrating acquisition opportunities and expand into new geographic markets; the impact of acquisitions and dispositions on our business, including the potential inability to realize the benefits of the acquisition of Queen City Hospice, LLC and its affiliate Miracle City Hospice, LLC (together “Queen City Hospice”); the potential impact of the discontinuation or modification of LIBOR; the effectiveness, quality and cost of our services; our ability to successfully execute our growth strategy; changes in tax rates; the impact of public health emergencies, including the COVID-19 pandemic; the impact of inclement weather or natural disasters; and various other matters, many of which are beyond our control. In addition, the risk factors set forth in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2020, filed with the SEC on March 1, 2021 may result in these differences. You should carefully review all of these factors. Moreover, our business may be materially adversely affected by factors that are not currently known to us, by factors that we currently consider immaterial or by factors that are not specific to us, such as general economic conditions. These forward-looking statements were based on information, plans and estimates at the date of this report, and we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect changes in underlying assumptions or factors, new information, future events or other changes, except as may be required by law.

Overview

We are a home care services provider operating in three segments: personal care, hospice and home health. Our services are principally provided in-home under agreements with federal, state and local government agencies, managed care organizations, commercial insurers and private individuals. Our consumers are predominantly “dual eligible,” meaning they are eligible to receive both Medicare and Medicaid benefits. Managed care revenues accounted for 37.9% and 39.1% of our net service revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

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A summary of our financial results for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 is provided in the table below.

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
|  | (Amounts in Thousands) |
Net service revenues |  | $ | 205,302 |  |  | $ | 190,216 |
Net income |  | $ | 8,894 |  |  | $ | 8,658 |

As of March 31, 2021, we provided our services in 22 states through 208 offices. For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, we served approximately 50,000 and 49,000 discrete individuals, respectively. Our personal care segment also includes staffing services, with clients including assisted living facilities, nursing homes and hospice facilities.

COVID-19 Pandemic Update

COVID-19, the disease caused by a novel coronavirus continues to be widespread throughout the United States and other parts of the world. Governments and public health officials continue to recommend and mandate precautions to mitigate the spread of the virus, including closures of and limitations on many businesses and places of public assembly. As a result, COVID-19 has significantly affected and continues to affect the overall economic conditions in the United States. However, the number of cases of COVID-19 has decreased in the United States in recent months, and many of the restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States have been relaxed as the result of such decrease. Moreover, vaccines are expected to be widely available in the second quarter of 2021 and are currently being distributed across the country. The FDA continues to facilitate the development of therapeutics to combat COVID-19 as well as provide oversight for the development of additional vaccines. It is difficult to predict how long the pandemic will last, how many people are likely to be affected by it or the duration or types of restrictions that will be imposed or re-imposed as the situation is continuously evolving. For these and other reasons, we are unable to predict the long-term impact of the pandemic on our business at this time.

For the three months ended March 31, 2021, COVID-19-related expenses were approximately $2.1 million, which were offset by $1.8 million of temporary rate increases from certain payors in our personal care segment and $0.9 million related to the utilization of a portion of the funds received from the Provider Relief Fund in November 2020 and included in cost of service revenues on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. As of March 31, 2021, the Company deferred the recognition of $5.1 million of payments received from payors for COVID-19 reimbursement, included within accrued expenses, which will be recognized as we incur specific expenses related to the pandemic, such as expenses related to acquiring additional PPE, or will be returned if COVID-19-related expenses are not incurred. We are not able to reasonably predict the total costs we will incur related to the COVID-19 pandemic, and such costs could be substantial.

With the widespread adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the hospitality and other labor-intensive industries, we continue to believe we will have an opportunity to increase our hiring of new caregivers for such period of time as the pandemic continues to have a negative impact on employment in the United States. However, in the near term, enhanced unemployment benefits have suppressed the opportunity to attract this new pool of potential caregivers. For example, the Continued Assistance for Unemployed Workers Act, signed into law on December 27, 2020, provides up to 50 weeks of unemployment benefits plus an additional $300 per week in supplemental benefits. Moreover, in the event that conditions related to the pandemic significantly improve and we return to a period of low unemployment in the United States, these conditions may hinder our ability to attract and retain sufficient caregivers.

As the COVID-19 pandemic progresses, federal agencies continue to issue related regulations and guidance, and the public health emergency continues to evolve, and, therefore, we cannot currently predict with certainty the extent to which our business, results of operations, financial condition or liquidity will ultimately be impacted. We continue to assess the potential impact of COVID-19 and government responses to the pandemic, including the enactment and implementation of the CARES Act, the PPPHCE Act, the CAA, the ARPA and other stimulus legislation, on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. Given the dynamic nature of these circumstances, the related financial effect cannot be reasonably estimated at this time but is not expected to materially adversely impact our business. See Part I, Item 1A—“Risk Factors — The COVID-19 pandemic could negatively affect our operations, business and financial condition, and our liquidity could also be negatively impacted, particularly if the U.S. economy remains unstable for a significant amount of time” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2020, filed with the SEC on March 1, 2021.

See “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below for additional information regarding funds received related to COVID-19 relief.

Acquisitions

In addition to our organic growth, we have grown through acquisitions that have expanded our presence in current markets or facilitated our entry into new markets where in-home care has been moving to managed care organizations.

On July 1, 2020, we completed the acquisition of A Plus for approximately $14.5 million, including the amount of excess cash held by A Plus at the closing of the acquisition (approximately $2.8 million), with funding provided by available cash. With the purchase of A Plus, we expanded our personal care services in the state of Montana.

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On November 1, 2020, we completed the acquisition of County Homemakers for approximately $15.8 million, including the amount of acquired excess cash held by County Homemakers at the closing of the acquisition (approximately $1.1 million), with funding provided by available cash. With the purchase of County Homemakers, we expanded our personal care services in the state of Pennsylvania.

On December 4, 2020, we completed the acquisition of Queen City Hospice for approximately $194.8 million, including the amount of acquired excess cash held by Queen City Hospice at the closing of the acquisition (approximately $15.4 million). With the purchase of Queen City Hospice, we expanded our hospice services in the state of Ohio. Additionally, on December 1, 2020, we completed the acquisition of SunLife Home Care for approximately $1.7 million. With the purchase of SunLife Home Care, we expanded our personal care services in the state of Arizona. We funded these acquisitions through a combination of our revolving credit facility and available cash.

Revenue by Payor and Significant States

Our payor clients are principally federal, state and local governmental agencies and managed care organizations. The federal, state and local programs under which the agencies operate are subject to legislative, budgetary and other risks that can influence reimbursement rates. We are experiencing a transition of business from government payors to managed care organizations, which we believe aligns with our emphasis on coordinated care and the reduction of the need for acute care.

For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, our revenue by payor and significant states by segment were as follows:

|  | Personal Care |  |
|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  | 2021 |  |  |  | 2020 |  |
|  | Amount (in Thousands) |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |  |  | Amount (in Thousands) |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |
State, local and other governmental programs |  | $ | 80,849 |  |  |  | 49.0 |  | % |  | $ | 79,346 |  |  |  | 49.4 |  | %
Managed care organizations |  |  | 75,456 |  |  |  | 45.8 |  |  |  |  | 72,110 |  |  |  | 44.9 |  |
Private pay |  |  | 4,903 |  |  |  | 3.0 |  |  |  |  | 5,270 |  |  |  | 3.3 |  |
Commercial insurance |  |  | 2,346 |  |  |  | 1.4 |  |  |  |  | 2,576 |  |  |  | 1.6 |  |
Other |  |  | 1,314 |  |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  |  | 1,363 |  |  |  | 0.8 |  |
Total personal care segment net service revenues |  | $ | 164,868 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | % |  | $ | 160,665 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | %
Illinois |  | $ | 73,385 |  |  |  | 44.5 |  | % |  | $ | 71,545 |  |  |  | 44.5 |  | %
New York |  |  | 27,575 |  |  |  | 16.7 |  |  |  |  | 31,838 |  |  |  | 19.8 |  |
New Mexico |  |  | 23,593 |  |  |  | 14.3 |  |  |  |  | 20,694 |  |  |  | 12.9 |  |
All other states |  |  | 40,315 |  |  |  | 24.5 |  |  |  |  | 36,588 |  |  |  | 22.8 |  |
Total personal care segment net service revenues |  | $ | 164,868 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | % |  | $ | 160,665 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | %

|  | Hospice |  |
|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  | 2021 |  |  |  | 2020 |  |
|  | Amount (in Thousands) |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |  |  | Amount (in Thousands) |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |
Medicare |  | $ | 33,985 |  |  |  | 94.2 |  | % |  | $ | 23,219 |  |  |  | 92.1 |  | %
Managed care organizations |  |  | 1,487 |  |  |  | 4.1 |  |  |  |  | 1,385 |  |  |  | 5.5 |  |
Other |  |  | 622 |  |  |  | 1.7 |  |  |  |  | 608 |  |  |  | 2.4 |  |
Total hospice segment net service revenues |  | $ | 36,094 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | % |  | $ | 25,212 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | %
Ohio |  | $ | 14,114 |  |  |  | 39.1 |  | % |  | $ | — |  |  |  | — |  | %
New Mexico |  |  | 9,230 |  |  |  | 25.6 |  |  |  |  | 11,009 |  |  |  | 43.7 |  |
All other states |  |  | 12,750 |  |  |  | 35.3 |  |  |  |  | 14,203 |  |  |  | 56.3 |  |
Total hospice segment net service revenues |  | $ | 36,094 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | % |  | $ | 25,212 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | %

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With the acquisition of Queen City Hospice, the Company expanded our hospice services in the state of Ohio.

|  | Home Health |  |
|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  | 2021 |  |  |  | 2020 |  |
|  | Amount (in Thousands) |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |  |  | Amount (in Thousands) |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |
Medicare |  | $ | 3,502 |  |  |  | 80.7 |  | % |  | $ | 3,470 |  |  |  | 80.0 |  | %
Managed care organizations |  |  | 798 |  |  |  | 18.4 |  |  |  |  | 807 |  |  |  | 18.6 |  |
Other |  |  | 40 |  |  |  | 0.9 |  |  |  |  | 62 |  |  |  | 1.4 |  |
Total home health segment net service revenues |  | $ | 4,340 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | % |  | $ | 4,339 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | %
New Mexico |  | $ | 4,340 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | % |  | $ | 4,339 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | %
Total home health segment net service revenues |  | $ | 4,340 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | % |  | $ | 4,339 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | %

We derive a significant amount of our net service revenues in Illinois, which represented 35.8% and 37.7% of our net service revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

A significant amount of our net service revenues are derived from one payor client, the Illinois Department on Aging, the largest payor program for our Illinois personal care operations, which accounted for 20.4% and 23.2% of our net service revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

On November 26, 2019, the City of Chicago voted to approve additional increases in the Chicago minimum wage to $14 per hour beginning July 1, 2020 to $15 per hour beginning July 1, 2021.

The state of Illinois finalized its fiscal year 2021 budget, with in-home care rates to be increased by 7.1% to $23.40 from $21.84, effective January 1, 2021, contingent upon federal CMS approval. Although federal CMS approval was obtained by the state, as a result of on-going state revenue declines due to COVID-19 and the failure of the November 2020 referendum to revise the Illinois income tax code, on December 15, 2020, the Governor of Illinois announced a delay in the implementation of the scheduled rate increase to April 1, 2021, at which time such rate increase went into effect.

On February 17, 2021, the Governor of Illinois introduced his fiscal year 2022 proposed budget, including a statewide rate increase from $23.40 to $24.96 effective January 1, 2022. State trade associations are advocating to accelerate the rate increase to July 1, 2021 (the beginning of the state’s next fiscal year), to coincide with the increase of the minimum wage to $15 per hour, because the ARPA provides for a 10 percentage point increase in federal matching funds for Medicaid home and community-based services from April 1, 2021, through March 30, 2022, provided the state satisfies certain conditions, but there can be no assurances that this will occur.

Our business will benefit from the rate increases noted above, but there is no assurance that additional offsetting rate increases will be adopted in Illinois for fiscal years beyond fiscal year 2021, and our financial performance will be adversely impacted for any periods in which an additional offsetting reimbursement rate increase is not in effect.

Impact of Changes in Medicare and Medicaid Reimbursement

Home Health

Home health services provided to Medicare beneficiaries are paid under the Medicare Home Health Prospective Payment System (“HHPPS”). CMS updates the HHPPS payment rates each calendar year. Effective calendar year 2021, HHPPS rates increased by 2.0%, which reflects a 2.3% market basket update, reduced by a multifactor productivity adjustment of 0.3 percentage points. CMS expects Medicare payments to home health agencies in 2021 to increase in the aggregate by 1.9% after accounting for a 0.1 percentage point decrease in payments to home health agencies due to changes in the rural add-on percentages mandated by the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018. Home health providers that do not comply with quality data reporting requirements are subject to a 2 percentage point reduction to their market basket update.

Historically, CMS paid home health providers 50% to 60% of anticipated payment at the beginning of a patient’s care episode through a request for anticipated payment (“RAP”). However, to address potential program integrity risks, CMS has phased out RAP payments. In calendar year 2021, CMS will not provide any up-front payments in response to a RAP but will continue to require home health providers to submit streamlined RAPs as notice that a beneficiary is under a home health period of care. In calendar year 2022, CMS will replace the RAP with a “Notice of Admission.”

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Hospice

Hospice services provided to Medicare beneficiaries are paid under the Medicare Hospice Prospective Payment System, under which CMS sets a daily rate for each day a patient is enrolled in the hospice benefit. CMS updates these rates each federal fiscal year. Effective October 1, 2020, CMS increased hospice payment rates by 2.4%. This reflected a 2.4% market basket increase reduced by the multifactor productivity adjustment of 0.0 percentage points. Additionally, the aggregate cap, which limits the total Medicare reimbursement that a hospice may receive based on an annual per-beneficiary cap amount and the number of Medicare patients served, was updated to $30,683.93 for federal fiscal year 2021. If a hospice’s Medicare payments exceed its aggregate cap, it must repay Medicare the excess amount.

New York CDPAP

On February 11, 2021, the state of New York announced its initial selection of parties to enter into contracts as a Lead Fiscal Intermediary under its previously announced Request for Offer (“RFO”) process related to its Consumer Directed Personal Assistance Program (“CDPAP”), in which the Company currently participates as a provider. The Company was not one of the selected entities in the initial RFO process. The announcement followed an extended RFO process first begun in 2019, with responses originally due in February 2020. Management believes changes are unlikely to occur during an estimated nine to 12 month transition period and does not expect a financial impact in 2021. Based on its current run rate, the Company estimates it will receive $52 million and $4 million in revenue and operating income, respectively, from the program for the year ended December 31, 2021. The Company continues to explore its options, including appeals, other arrangements under which the Company may continue to provide these services, and expense reductions to minimize any potential final impact of the RFO process.

On April 6, 2021, the New York Legislature finalized the fiscal year 2022 state budget. Among the actions taken since the Governor’s proposed budget, the legislature included a provision to add one or two entities per county to those awarded the Lead Fiscal Intermediary, based on the scoring of the original RFO. As scoring of RFOs was not publicly released, it is unknown at this time if the Company’s score ranked high enough to qualify for these additional awards. In the meantime, we continue to pursue other arrangements including our protest of the award, which was filed and accepted on March 19, 2021. We are awaiting a response to the formal protest.

Components of our Statements of Income

Net Service Revenues

We generate net service revenues by providing our services directly to consumers and primarily on an hourly basis in our personal care segment, on a daily basis in our hospice segment and on an episodic basis in our home health segment. We receive payment for providing such services from our payor clients, including federal, state and local governmental agencies, managed care organizations, commercial insurers and private pay consumers.

In our personal care segment, net service revenues are principally provided based on authorized hours, determined by the relevant agency, at an hourly rate, which is either contractual or fixed by legislation, and are recognized at the time services are rendered. In our hospice segment, net service revenues are provided based on daily rates for each of the levels of care and are recognized as services are provided. In our home health segment, net service revenues are based on an episodic basis at a stated rate and recognized based on the number of days elapsed during a period of care within the reporting period. We also record estimated implicit price concessions (based primarily on historical collection experience) related to uninsured accounts to record revenues.

Cost of Service Revenues

We incur direct care wages, payroll taxes and benefit-related costs in connection with providing our services. We also provide workers’ compensation and general liability coverage for our employees. Employees are also reimbursed for their travel time and related travel costs in certain instances.

General and Administrative Expenses

Our general and administrative expenses include our costs for operating our network of local agencies and our administrative offices. Our agency expenses consist of costs for supervisory personnel, our community care supervisors and office administrative costs. Personnel costs include wages, payroll taxes, and employee benefits. Facility costs include rents, utilities, and postage, telephone and office expenses. Our corporate and support center expenses include costs for accounting, information systems, human resources, billing and collections, contracting, marketing and executive leadership. These expenses consist of compensation, including stock-based compensation, payroll taxes, employee benefits, legal, accounting and other professional fees, travel, general insurance, rents, provision for doubtful accounts and related facility costs. Expenses related to streamlining our operations such as costs related to terminated employees, termination of professional services relationships, other contract termination costs and asset write-offs are also included in general and administrative expenses.

Depreciation and Amortization Expenses

Depreciable assets consist principally of furniture and equipment, network administration and telephone equipment, and operating system software. Depreciable and leasehold assets are depreciated or amortized on a straight-line method over their useful lives or, if less and if

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applicable, their lease terms. We amortize our intangible assets with finite lives, consisting of customer and referral relationships, trade names, trademarks and non-competition agreements, using straight line or accelerated methods based upon their estimated useful lives.

Interest Expense

Interest expense is reported when incurred and principally consists of interest and unused credit line fees on the credit facility.

Income Tax Expense

All of our income is from domestic sources. We incur state and local taxes in states in which we operate. The effective income tax rate was 19.0% and 14.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, compared to our federal statutory rate of 21%. The difference between our federal statutory and effective income tax rates was principally due to an excess tax benefit and the use of federal employment tax credits, offset by the inclusion of state taxes and non-deductible compensation.

Results of Operations — Consolidated

Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2020

The following table sets forth our unaudited condensed consolidated results of operations.

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | 2021 |  |  |  | 2020 |  |  |  | Change |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | % Of |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | % Of |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | Net Service |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Net Service |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Amount |  |  | Revenues |  |  |  | Amount |  |  | Revenues |  |  |  | Amount |  |  | % |  |
| (Amounts in Thousands, Except Percentages)
Net service revenues |  | $ | 205,302 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | % |  | $ | 190,216 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | % |  | $ | 15,086 |  |  |  | 7.9 |  | %
Cost of service revenues |  |  | 144,105 |  |  |  | 70.2 |  |  |  |  | 134,381 |  |  |  | 70.6 |  |  |  |  | 9,724 |  |  |  | 7.2 |  |
Gross profit |  |  | 61,197 |  |  |  | 29.8 |  |  |  |  | 55,835 |  |  |  | 29.4 |  |  |  |  | 5,362 |  |  |  | 9.6 |  |
General and administrative expenses |  |  | 45,426 |  |  |  | 22.1 |  |  |  |  | 42,287 |  |  |  | 22.2 |  |  |  |  | 3,139 |  |  |  | 7.4 |  |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 3,601 |  |  |  | 1.8 |  |  |  |  | 2,887 |  |  |  | 1.5 |  |  |  |  | 714 |  |  |  | 24.7 |  |
Total operating expenses |  |  | 49,027 |  |  |  | 23.9 |  |  |  |  | 45,174 |  |  |  | 23.7 |  |  |  |  | 3,853 |  |  |  | 8.5 |  |
Operating income |  |  | 12,170 |  |  |  | 5.9 |  |  |  |  | 10,661 |  |  |  | 5.6 |  |  |  |  | 1,509 |  |  |  | 14.2 |  |
Interest income |  |  | (22 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (334 | ) |  |  | (0.2 | ) |  |  |  | 312 |  |  |  | (93.4 | ) |
Interest expense |  |  | 1,216 |  |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  |  | 908 |  |  |  | 0.5 |  |  |  |  | 308 |  |  |  | 33.9 |  |
Total interest expense (income), net |  |  | 1,194 |  |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  |  | 574 |  |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  |  | 620 |  |  |  | 108.0 |  |
Income before income taxes |  |  | 10,976 |  |  |  | 5.3 |  |  |  |  | 10,087 |  |  |  | 5.3 |  |  |  |  | 889 |  |  |  | 8.8 |  |
Income tax expense |  |  | 2,082 |  |  |  | 1.0 |  |  |  |  | 1,429 |  |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  |  | 653 |  |  |  | 45.7 |  |
Net income |  | $ | 8,894 |  |  |  | 4.3 |  | % |  | $ | 8,658 |  |  |  | 4.5 |  | % |  | $ | 236 |  |  |  | 2.7 |  | %

Net service revenues increased by 7.9% to $205.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 compared to $190.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020. The increase was due to a 3.7% increase in revenues per billable hour, partially offset by a 1.4% decrease in billable hours for the three months ended March 31, 2021 in our personal care segment. In addition, revenue increased by $10.9 million in our hospice segment, during the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same period in 2020. The increase in our hospice segment revenue was primarily due to an increase in average daily census and revenue per patient day, mainly attributed to the acquisition of Queen City Hospice on December 4, 2020.

Gross profit, expressed as a percentage of net service revenues, increased to 29.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to 29.4% for the same period in 2020. The increase was mainly attributed to the full-quarter effect in 2021 of the acquisition of our relatively higher margin hospice segment businesses in 2020.

General and administrative expenses increased to $45.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 as compared to $42.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020. The increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily due to acquisitions that resulted in an increase in administrative employee wages, taxes and benefit costs of $2.0 million, an increase in data processing of $0.3 million and an increase in rent expense of $0.5 million. General and administrative expenses, expressed as a percentage of net service revenues decreased to 22.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2021, from 22.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

Depreciation and amortization expense increased to $3.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 from $2.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020, primarily due to the intangible assets and property and equipment acquired in the fiscal year 2020 acquisitions.

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Interest expense increased to $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 from $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020. The increase in interest expense was primarily due to higher outstanding borrowings under our credit facility for the three months ended March 31, 2021 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020.

All of our income is from domestic sources. We incur state and local taxes in states in which we operate. The effective income tax rate was 19.0% and 14.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The effective tax rates were lower than the federal statutory rate principally due to the inclusion of a 7.4% and 12.2% excess tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The excess tax benefit is a discrete item which requires the Company to recognize the benefit fully in the quarter.

Results of Operations – Segments

The following tables and related analysis summarize our operating results and business metrics by segment:

Personal Care Segment

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  | 2021 |  |  |  | 2020 |  |  |  | Change |  |
Personal Care Segment |  | Amount |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |  |  | Amount |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |  |  | Amount |  |  | % |  |
|  | (Amounts in Thousands, Except Percentages) |  |
Operating Results |  |  |  |
Net service revenues |  | $ | 164,868 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | % |  | $ | 160,665 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | % |  | $ | 4,203 |  |  |  | 2.6 |  | %
Cost of services revenues |  |  | 122,839 |  |  |  | 74.5 |  |  |  |  | 119,027 |  |  |  | 74.1 |  |  |  |  | 3,812 |  |  |  | 3.2 |  |
Gross profit |  |  | 42,029 |  |  |  | 25.5 |  |  |  |  | 41,638 |  |  |  | 25.9 |  |  |  |  | 391 |  |  |  | 0.9 |  |
General and administrative expenses |  |  | 15,283 |  |  |  | 9.3 |  |  |  |  | 15,603 |  |  |  | 9.7 |  |  |  |  | (320 | ) |  |  | (2.1 | ) |
Segment operating income |  | $ | 26,746 |  |  |  | 16.2 |  | % |  | $ | 26,035 |  |  |  | 16.2 |  | % |  | $ | 711 |  |  |  | 2.7 |  | %
Business Metrics (Actual Numbers, Except Billable Hours in Thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Location at period end |  |  | 164 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 151 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Average billable census * (1) |  |  | 38,327 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 39,170 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (843 | ) |  |  | (2.2 | ) | %
Billable hours * (2) |  |  | 7,567 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7,674 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (107 | ) |  |  | (1.4 | ) |
Average billable hours per census per month * (2) |  |  | 65.2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 64.9 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  | 0.5 |  |
Billable hours per business day * (2) |  |  | 118,237 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 118,054 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 183 |  |  |  | 0.2 |  |
Revenues per billable hour * (2) |  | $ | 21.75 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 20.97 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.78 |  |  |  | 3.7 |  | %
Same store revenue growth % * (3) |  |  | 2.4 |  | % |  |  |  |  |  |  | 14.0 |  | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

(1) | Average billable census is the average number of unique clients receiving a billable service during the year and is the total census divided by months in operation during the period.

(2) | Billable hours is the total number of hours served to clients during the period. Average billable hours per census per month is billable hours divided by average billable census. Billable hours per day is total billable hours divided by the number of business days in the period. Revenues per billable hour is revenue attributed to billable hours divided by billable hours.

(3) | Same store revenue growth reflects the change in year-over-year revenue for the same store base. We define the same store base to include those stores open for at least 52 full weeks. This measure highlights the performance of existing stores, while excluding the impact of acquisitions, new store openings and closures.

* | Management deems these metrics to be key performance indicators. Management uses these metrics to monitor our performance, both in our existing operations and acquisitions. Many of these metrics serve as the basis of reported revenues and assessment of these provide direct correlation to the results of operations from period to period and facilitate comparison with the results of our peers. Historical trends established in these metrics can be used to evaluate current operating results, identify trends affecting our business, determine the allocation of resources and assess the quality and potential variability of our cash flows and earnings. We believe they are useful to investors in evaluating and understanding our business but should not be used solely in assessing the Company’s performance. These key performance indicators should not be considered superior to, as a substitute for or as an alternative to, and should be considered in conjunction with, the GAAP financial measures presented herein to fully evaluate and understand the business as a whole. These measures may not be comparable to similarly-titled performance indicators used by other companies.

We derive a significant amount of our net service revenues from operations in Illinois, which represented 35.8% and 37.7% of our net service revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Net service revenues from state, local and other governmental programs accounted for 49.0% and 49.4% of net service revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Managed care organizations accounted for 45.8% and 44.9% of net service revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, with commercial insurance, private pay and other payors accounting for the remainder of net service revenues. One payor client, the Illinois Department on Aging, accounted for 20.4% and 23.2% of net service revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

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Net service revenues increased by 2.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020. Net service revenues increased primarily as a result of a 3.7% increase in revenues per billable hour, mainly attributed to rate increases discussed above, partially offset by a decrease in billable hours of 1.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020.

Gross profit, expressed as a percentage of net service revenues, decreased to 25.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 from 25.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2020. This decrease was primarily due to an increase in direct payroll as a percentage of net service revenues of 0.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020.

General and administrative expenses decreased by approximately $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020. The decrease in general and administrative expenses was primarily due to acquisition synergies.

Hospice Segment

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  | 2021 |  |  |  | 2020 |  |  |  | Change |  |
Hospice Segment |  | Amount |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |  |  | Amount |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |  |  | Amount |  |  | % |  |
|  | (Amounts in Thousands, Except Percentages) |  |
Operating Results |  |  |  |
Net service revenues |  | $ | 36,094 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | % |  | $ | 25,212 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | % |  | $ | 10,882 |  |  |  | 43.2 |  | %
Cost of services revenues |  |  | 18,596 |  |  |  | 51.5 |  |  |  |  | 12,318 |  |  |  | 48.9 |  |  |  |  | 6,278 |  |  |  | 51.0 |  |
Gross profit |  |  | 17,498 |  |  |  | 48.5 |  |  |  |  | 12,894 |  |  |  | 51.1 |  |  |  |  | 4,604 |  |  |  | 35.7 |  |
General and administrative expenses |  |  | 8,463 |  |  |  | 23.5 |  |  |  |  | 6,457 |  |  |  | 25.6 |  |  |  |  | 2,006 |  |  |  | 31.1 |  |
Segment operating income |  | $ | 9,035 |  |  |  | 25.0 |  | % |  | $ | 6,437 |  |  |  | 25.5 |  | % |  | $ | 2,598 |  |  |  | 40.4 |  | %
Business Metrics (Actual Numbers) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Locations at period end |  |  | 34 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 34 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Admissions * (1) |  |  | 2,394 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,655 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 739 |  |  |  | 44.7 |  | %
Average daily census * (2) |  |  | 2,400 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,863 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 537 |  |  |  | 28.8 |  |
Average discharge length of stay * (3) |  |  | 101 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 99 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 2.0 |  |
Patient days * (4) |  |  | 216,007 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 169,512 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 46,495 |  |  |  | 27.4 |  |
Revenue per patient day * (5) |  | $ | 167.09 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 150.49 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 16.60 |  |  |  | 11.0 |  | %
Same store revenue growth % * (6) |  |  | (8.4 | ) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12.1 |  | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

(1) | Represents referral process and new patients on service during the period.

(2) | Average daily census is total patient days divided by the number of days in the period.

(3) | Average length of stay is the average number of days a patient is on service, calculated upon discharge, and is total patient days divided by total discharges in the period.

(4) | Patient days is days of service for all patients in the period.

(5) | Revenue per patient day is hospice revenue divided by the number of patient days in the period.

(6) | Same store revenue growth reflects the change in year-over-year revenue for the same store base. We define the same store base to include those stores open for at least 52 full weeks. This measure highlights the performance of existing stores, while excluding the impact of acquisitions, new store openings and closures.

* | Management deems these metrics to be key performance indicators. Management uses these metrics to monitor our performance, both in our existing operations and acquisitions. Many of these metrics serve as the basis of reported revenues and assessment of these provide direct correlation to the results of operations from period to period and facilitate comparison with the results of our peers. Historical trends established in these metrics can be used to evaluate current operating results, identify trends affecting our business, determine the allocation of resources and assess the quality and potential variability of our cash flows and earnings. We believe they are useful to investors in evaluating and understanding our business but should not be used solely in assessing the Company’s performance. These key performance indicators should not be considered superior to, as a substitute for or as an alternative to, and should be considered in conjunction with, the GAAP financial measures presented herein to fully evaluate and understand the business as a whole. These measures may not be comparable to similarly-titled performance indicators used by other companies.

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Hospice generates net service revenues by providing care to patients with a life expectancy of six months or less, as well as related services for their families. Hospice offers four levels of care, as defined by Medicare, to meet the varying needs of patients and their families. The four levels of hospice include routine home care, continuous home care, general inpatient care and respite care. Our Hospice segment principally provides routine home care, but with the acquisition of Queen City Hospice, the Company expanded continuous home care services.

Net service revenues from Medicare accounted for 94.2% and managed care organizations accounted for 4.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Net service revenues increased by $10.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, net service revenues increased primarily due to an increase in average daily census and revenue per patient day mainly attributed to the acquisition of Queen City Hospice on December 4, 2020. The increase in net service revenues was partially offset by a decrease in census in same stores related to public health restrictions in nursing homes due to the COVID-19 pandemic during the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the pre-COVID-19 restrictions for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

Gross profit, expressed as a percentage of net service revenues was 48.5% and 51.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, the decrease as a percentage of net service revenues was mainly attributed to an increase of direct employee wages, taxes and benefit costs of 3.8%, partially offset by a decrease of direct service supply costs of 0.5% and other direct expenses related to acquisition synergies.

The hospice segment’s general and administrative expenses primarily consist of administrative employee wages, taxes and benefit costs, rent, information technology and office expenses. General and administrative expenses, expressed as a percentage of net service revenues was 23.5% and 25.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily due to acquisitions that resulted in a $1.5 million increase in administrative employee wages, taxes and benefit costs and a $0.1 million increase in rent expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Home Health Segment

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  | 2021 |  |  |  | 2020 |  |  |  | Change |  |
Home Health Segment |  | Amount |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |  |  | Amount |  |  | % of Segment Net Service Revenues |  |  |  | Amount |  |  | % |  |
|  | (Amounts in Thousands, Except Percentages) |  |
Operating Results |  |  |  |
Net service revenues |  | $ | 4,340 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | % |  | $ | 4,339 |  |  |  | 100.0 |  | % |  | $ | 1 |  |  |  | — |  | %
Cost of services revenues |  |  | 2,670 |  |  |  | 61.5 |  |  |  |  | 3,036 |  |  |  | 70.0 |  |  |  |  | (366 | ) |  |  | (12.1 | ) |
Gross profit |  |  | 1,670 |  |  |  | 38.5 |  |  |  |  | 1,303 |  |  |  | 30.0 |  |  |  |  | 367 |  |  |  | 28.2 |  |
General and administrative expenses |  |  | 965 |  |  |  | 22.3 |  |  |  |  | 1,022 |  |  |  | 23.6 |  |  |  |  | (57 | ) |  |  | (5.6 | ) |
Segment operating income |  | $ | 705 |  |  |  | 16.2 |  | % |  | $ | 281 |  |  |  | 6.4 |  | % |  | $ | 424 |  |  |  | 150.9 |  | %
Business Metrics (Actual Numbers) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Locations at period end |  |  | 10 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 10 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
New admissions * (1) |  |  | 1,168 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 146 |  |  |  | 14.3 |  | %
Recertifications * (2) |  |  | 657 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 710 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (53 | ) |  |  | (7.5 | ) |
Total volume * (3) |  |  | 1,825 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,732 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 93 |  |  |  | 5.4 |  |
Visits * (4) |  |  | 27,665 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 33,710 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (6,045 | ) |  |  | (17.9 | ) | %
Same store revenue growth % * (5) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 19.5 |  | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

(1) | Represents new patients during the period.

(2) | A home health certification period is an episode of care that begins with a start of care visit and continues for 60 days. If at the end of the initial episode of care, the patient continues to require home health services, a recertification is required. This represents the number of recertifications during the period.

(3) | Total volume is total admissions and total recertifications in the period.

(4) | Represents number of services to patients in the period.

(5) | Same store revenue growth reflects the change in year-over-year revenue for the same store base. We define the same store base to include those stores open for at least 52 full weeks. This measure highlights the performance of existing stores, while excluding the impact of acquisitions, new store openings and closures.

* | Management deems these metrics to be key performance indicators. Management uses these metrics to monitor our performance, both in our existing operations and acquisitions. Many of these metrics serve as the basis of reported revenues and assessment of these provide direct correlation to the results of operations from period to period and facilitate comparison with the results of our peers. Historical trends established in these metrics can be used to evaluate current operating results, identify trends affecting our business, determine the allocation of resources and assess the quality and potential variability of our cash flows and earnings. We believe they are useful to investors in evaluating and understanding our business but should not be used solely in assessing the Company’s performance. These key performance indicators should not be considered superior to, as a substitute for or as an

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| alternative to, and should be considered in conjunction with, the GAAP financial measures presented herein to fully evaluate and understand the business as a whole. These measures may not be comparable to similarly-titled performance indicators used by other companies.

Home health generates net service revenues by providing home health services on a short-term, intermittent or episodic basis to individuals, generally to treat an illness or injury. Net service revenues from Medicare and managed care organizations accounted for 80.7% and 18.4%, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Home health services provided to Medicare beneficiaries are paid under the Medicare Home Health Prospective Payment System (“HHPPS”). Effective January 1, 2020, CMS began using a 30-day episode of care for home health payments and implemented the Patient-Driven Groupings Model (“PDGM”) as part of the shift toward value-based care. The PDGM classifies patients based on clinical characteristics and other patient information into payment categories and eliminates the use of therapy service thresholds for determination of payments. Also effective January 1, 2020, CMS finalized a policy allowing therapy assistants to provide maintenance therapy services in the home and modified certain requirements relating to the home health plan of care.

Gross profit, expressed as a percentage of net service revenues was 38.5% and 30.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, the increase was due to a decrease of direct employee wages, taxes and benefit costs of 7.0% as a percentage of net service revenues compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020. Cost of service for the three months ended March 31, 2021 decreased compared to the corresponding period in 2020, due to a decrease in visits in connection with PDGM case mix.

The home health segment’s general and administrative expenses consist of administrative employee wages, taxes and benefit costs, rent, information technology and office expenses. General and administrative expenses, expressed as a percentage of net service revenues was 22.3% and 23.6%, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash on hand and cash from operations. At March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had cash balances of $125.5 million and $145.1 million, respectively.

Cash flows from operating activities represent the inflow of cash from our payor clients and the outflow of cash for payroll and payroll taxes, operating expenses, interest and taxes. The open receivable balance from the Illinois Department on Aging, the largest payor program for the Company’s Illinois personal care operation, increased by $11.9 million from $21.2 million as of December 31, 2020 to $33.1 million as of March 31, 2021. The state of Illinois finalized its fiscal year 2021 budget with the inclusion of an appropriation to raise in-home care rates to offset previous minimum wage increases by the City of Chicago.

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we did not draw on the term loan. As of March 31, 2021, we had a total of $178.5 million in revolving loans, with an interest rate of 1.86% and $17.9 million of term loans, with an interest rate of 1.86%. After giving effect to the amount drawn on our credit facility, approximately $8.7 million of outstanding letters of credit and borrowing limits based on an advance multiple of adjusted EBITDA, we had $112.8 million available for borrowing under our revolving credit loan facility. At December 31, 2020, we had a total of $178.5 million revolving credit loans, with an interest rate of 1.90%, and $18.1 million term loans, with an interest rate of 1.90%.

Our credit facility requires us to maintain a total net leverage ratio not exceeding 3.75:1.00. At March 31, 2021, we were in compliance with our financial covenants under the Credit Agreement. Although we believe our liquidity position remains strong, we can provide no assurance that we will remain in compliance with the covenants in our Credit Agreement, and in the future, it may prove necessary to seek an amendment with the bank lending group under our credit facility. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in, and may continue to result in, significant disruption of financial and capital markets, and there can be no assurance that we will be able to raise additional funds on terms acceptable to us, if at all.

COVID-19

The economic slowdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic continues to pose risks to states’ budgets for the 2021 fiscal year, which began July 1 in most states. Depending on the severity and length of a downturn, sales tax collections and income tax withholdings could continue to be depressed in fiscal 2022 and, potentially, future fiscal years. States could face significant fiscal challenges and may have no choice but to revise their revenue forecasts and adjust their budgets for fiscal 2022 and, potentially, future fiscal years, accordingly. Indeed, Illinois, New York and New Mexico, our top three markets, have revised revenue estimates downward for the 2021 fiscal year. New York, which started its fiscal year April 1, 2021, recently estimated that the state would collect at least $5 billion more than originally forecasted, due to better than expected receipts through January 2021. The New York state comptroller initially decreased its estimate for 2021 fiscal year collections by $10 billion. Although receipts are higher than this estimate, revenues are still significantly below pre-COVID estimates. The current New York fiscal plan authorizes the state of New York to issue up to $11 billion in short-term bonds to ameliorate reduced revenues during the fiscal year. Also in response to reduced revenues, the state implemented a 1% reduction to all Medicaid providers effective January 1, 2020. Effective April 1, 2021, the recently passed budget included an additional 0.5% reduction to the Medicaid rate. We cannot determine the impact that COVID-19 may have on states’ budgets for 2022 or beyond. However, such impacts could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

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As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, federal and state governments have passed legislation, promulgated regulations, and taken other administrative actions intended to assist healthcare providers in providing care to COVID-19 patients and other patients during the public health emergency. These temporary measures include relief from Medicare conditions of participation requirements for healthcare providers, relaxation of licensure requirements for healthcare professionals, relaxation of privacy restrictions for telehealth remote communications, promoting use of telehealth by expanding the scope of services for which Medicare reimbursement is available, and limited waivers of fraud and abuse laws for activities related to COVID-19 during the emergency period. The current federal public health emergency declaration expires July 20, 2021, but HHS has indicated it will likely extend through 2021 and that HHS will provide states with 60 days’ notice prior to termination of the declaration.

Provider Relief Fund

One of the primary sources of relief for healthcare providers is the Provider Relief Fund, which was established by the CARES Act, which was expanded by the PPPHCE Act and the CAA. Provider Relief Fund payments are intended to compensate healthcare providers for lost revenues and health care related expenses incurred in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and are not required to be repaid, provided that recipients attest to and comply with certain terms and conditions, including limitations on balance billing and not using funds received from the Provider Relief Fund to reimburse expenses or losses that other sources are obligated to reimburse.

In November 2020, the Company received grants in an aggregate principal amount of $13.7 million from the Provider Relief Fund, for which we had previously applied. The Company utilized $0.9 million of these funds for healthcare related expenses attributable to COVID-19 that were unreimbursed by other sources in the three months ended March 31, 2021 and, in accordance with the current guidance issued by HHS, expects to utilize additional funds through June 30, 2021, at which point any unused funds will be returned. We are required to properly and fully document the use of such funds in reports to HHS. The Company’s ability to utilize and retain some or all of such funds will depend on the magnitude, timing and nature of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the terms and conditions of the funds received. Queen City Hospice intends to administer retention payments of $1.9 million to caregivers in the second quarter of 2021, which we believe to be necessary to secure and maintain adequate personnel. Commercial organizations that receive and expend annual total awards of $750,000 or more in federal funding, including payments received through the Provider Relief Fund, are subject to federal audit requirements.

Medicare Accelerated and Advance Payment Program – Queen City Hospice

In addition, the CARES Act expands the Medicare Accelerated and Advance Payment Program to increase cash flow to providers impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Hospice and home health providers were able to request an advance or accelerated payment of up to 100% of the Medicare payment amount for a three-month period (not including Medicare Advantage payments). The Medicare Accelerated and Advance Payment Program payments are a loan that providers must repay. In April 2020, Queen City Hospice received an amount equal to $10.8 million pursuant to the Medicare Accelerated and Advance Payment Program. Queen City Hospice did not repay the funds prior to the completion of our acquisition of Queen City Hospice. However, Queen City Hospice repaid such funds following such acquisition in March 2021, prior to any CMS recoupment and before any interest accrual.

Payroll tax deferral

The CARES Act also provides for certain federal income and other tax changes, including allowing for the deferral of the employer portion of Social Security payroll taxes through December 31, 2020. The Company received a cash benefit of approximately $7.1 million related to the deferral of employer payroll taxes for 2020 under the CARES Act, for the period April 2, 2020 through June 30, 2020. Effective July 1, 2020, the Company began paying its deferred portion of employer Social Security payroll taxes and expects to repay the $7.1 million in 2021.

Medicare sequester

The CARES Act and related legislation also include other provisions offering financial relief, for example temporarily lifting the Medicare sequester, which would have otherwise reduced payments to Medicare providers by 2% as required by the Budget Control Act of 2011, from May 1, 2020, through December 31, 2021 (but also extending sequestration through 2030). This Medicare sequester relief resulted in an increase of $0.1 million to home health net service revenues and $0.7 million to hospice net service revenues for the year ended March 31, 2021. However, the ARPA increases the federal budget deficit in a manner that triggers an additional statutorily mandated sequestration under the PAYGO Act. As a result, absent congressional action, Medicare spending will be reduced by up to 4 percentage points in fiscal year 2022, in addition to the existing sequestration requirements of the Budget Control Act of 2011. We cannot currently determine the extent to which our business, results of operations, financial condition or liquidity will ultimately be impacted by mandated sequestration triggers under the PAYGO Act.

Amended and Restated Senior Secured Credit Facility

We entered into the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of October 31, 2018, with certain lenders and Capital One, National Association, as a lender and as agent for all lenders (as amended by the Amendment (as hereinafter defined), the “Credit Agreement”). This credit facility totaled $269.6 million, inclusive of a $250.0 million revolving loan and a $19.6 million delayed draw term loan and is evidenced by the Credit Agreement. This credit facility amended and restated our existing senior secured credit facility totaling $250.0 million. As used throughout this Annual Report on Form 10-K, “credit facility” shall mean the credit facility evidenced by the Credit Agreement.

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The maturity of this credit facility is May 8, 2023. Interest on this credit facility may be payable at (x) the sum of (i) an applicable margin ranging from 0.75% to 1.50% based on the applicable senior net leverage ratio plus (ii) a base rate equal to the greatest of (a) the rate of interest last quoted by The Wall Street Journal as the “prime rate,” (b) the sum of the federal funds rate plus a margin of 0.50% and (c) the sum of the adjusted LIBOR that would be applicable to a loan with an interest period of one month advanced on the applicable day (not to be less than 0.00%) plus a margin of 1.00% or (y) the sum of (i) an applicable margin ranging from 1.75% to 2.50% based on the applicable senior net leverage ratio plus (ii) the offered rate per annum for similar dollar deposits for the applicable interest period that appears on Reuters Screen LIBOR01 Page (not to be less than zero). Swing loans may not be LIBOR loans. The availability of additional draws under this credit facility is conditioned, among other things, upon (after giving effect to such draws) the Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) not exceeding 3.75:1.00. In certain circumstances, in connection with a Material Acquisition (as defined in the Credit Agreement), we can elect to increase our Total Net Leverage Ratio compliance covenant to 4.25:1.00 for the then current fiscal quarter and the three succeeding fiscal quarters.

Addus HealthCare, Inc. (“Addus HealthCare”) is the borrower, and its parent, Holdings, and substantially all of Holdings’ subsidiaries are guarantors under this credit facility, and it is collateralized by a first priority security interest in all of our and the other credit parties’ current and future tangible and intangible assets, including the shares of stock of the borrower and subsidiaries. The Credit Agreement contains affirmative and negative covenants customary for credit facilities of this type, including limitations on us with respect to liens, indebtedness, guaranties, investments, distributions, mergers and acquisitions and dispositions of assets. We pay a fee ranging from 0.20% to 0.35% based on the applicable senior net leverage ratio times the unused portion of the revolving loan portion of the credit facility.

The Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative covenants regarding, among other things, the maintenance of records, compliance with laws, maintenance of permits, maintenance of insurance and property and payment of taxes. The Credit Agreement also contains certain customary financial covenants and negative covenants that, among other things, include a requirement to maintain a minimum Interest Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement), a requirement to stay below a maximum Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) and a requirement to stay below a maximum permitted amount of capital expenditures, as well as restrictions on guarantees, indebtedness, liens, investments and loans, subject to customary carve outs, a restriction on dividends (provided that Addus HealthCare may make distributions to us in an amount that does not exceed $7.5 million in any year absent of an event of default, plus limited exceptions for tax and administrative distributions), a restriction on the ability to consummate acquisitions (without the consent of the lenders) under our credit facility subject to compliance with the Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) thresholds, restrictions on mergers, dispositions of assets, and affiliate transactions, and restrictions on fundamental changes and lines of business.

On September 12, 2019, we entered into a First Amendment (the “Amendment”) to our Credit Agreement. The Amendment increased our credit facility by $50.0 million in incremental revolving loans, for an aggregate $300.0 million in revolving loans. The Amendment provides that future incremental loans may be for term loans or an increase to the revolving loan commitments. The Amendment further provides that the proceeds of the incremental revolving loan commitments may be used for, among other things, general corporate purposes.

At March 31, 2021, we were in compliance with our financial covenants under the Credit Agreement.

Cash Flows

The following table summarizes changes in our cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
|  | (Amounts in Thousands) |
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities |  | $ | (18,366 | ) |  | $ | 20,442 |
Net cash used in investing activities |  |  | (1,021 | ) |  |  | (2,834 | )
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities |  |  | (144 | ) |  |  | 1,141 |

Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2020

Net cash used in operating activities was $18.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $20.4 million for the same period in 2020. The decrease in cash provided by operations was due to payroll timing and the repayment of $10.8 million of government stimulus funds for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Additionally, for the three months ended March 31, 2021, accounts receivable related to Illinois Department of Aging increased $11.9 million due to an increase in days sales outstanding (“DSO”), as discussed below.

Net cash used in investing activities was $1.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 compared to $2.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020, which consisted of property and equipment purchases primarily related to our ongoing investments in our technology infrastructure.

Net cash provided by financing activities related to cash received from the exercise of stock options of $0.1 million and $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

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Outstanding Accounts Receivable

Gross accounts receivable as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were approximately $139.5 million and $133.4 million, respectively. Outstanding accounts receivable, net of allowance, increased by $6.2 million as of March 31, 2021 as compared to December 31, 2020. Accounts receivable for the Illinois Department on Aging increased approximately $11.9 million during the quarter ended March 31, 2021. Our collection procedures include review of account aging and direct contact with our payors. We have historically not used collection agencies. An uncollectible amount is written off to the allowance account after reasonable collection efforts have been exhausted.

We calculate our DSO by taking the trade accounts receivable outstanding, net of allowance for doubtful accounts, divided by the net service revenues for the last quarter, multiplied by the number of days in that quarter. Our DSOs were 61 days at each of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. The DSOs for our largest payor, the Illinois Department on Aging, at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were 72 days and 46 days, respectively. We may not receive payments on a consistent basis in the near term and our DSOs and the DSO for the Illinois Department on Aging may increase despite the state of Illinois’s enactment of state budgets for fiscal years 2020 and 2021.

The economic slowdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic continues to pose a risk to states’ budgets for the 2021 fiscal year, which began July 1 in most states. Depending on the severity and length of a downturn, sales tax collections and income tax withholdings could continue to be depressed in fiscal 2022 and, potentially, future fiscal years. States continue to face fiscal challenges and may have no choice but to revise their revenue forecasts and adjust their budgets for fiscal 2022 and, potentially, future fiscal years, accordingly. New York, which started its fiscal year April 1, 2021, recently estimated that the state would collect at least $5 billion more than originally forecasted, due to better than expected receipts through January 2021. The New York state comptroller initially decreased its estimate for 2021 fiscal year collections by $10 billion. Although receipts are higher than this estimate, revenues are still significantly below pre-COVID estimates. The current New York fiscal plan authorizes the state of New York to issue up to $11 billion in short-term bonds to ameliorate reduced revenues during the fiscal year. Also in response to reduced revenues, the state implemented a 1% reduction to all Medicaid providers effective January 1, 2020. Effective April 1, 2021, the recently passed budget included an additional 0.5% reduction to the Medicaid rate.

The ARPA provided $350 billion dollars in emergency funding for state, local, territorial, and Tribal governments to remedy the mismatch between increasing costs and decreasing revenues. We cannot determine if Congress will provide additional relief with additional stimulus and relief legislation, including extension of unemployment benefits and relief for states. Additionally, we cannot determine the impact that COVID-19 may have on states’ budgets for 2022 or beyond. However, such impacts could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of March 31, 2021, we did not have any off-balance sheet guarantees or arrangements with unconsolidated entities.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates previously disclosed under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” set forth in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2020, filed on March 1, 2021.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Refer to Note 2 to the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) for further discussion.

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ITEM 3. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We are exposed to market risk associated with changes in interest rates on our variable rate long-term debt. As of March 31, 2021, we had outstanding borrowings of approximately $196.3 million on our credit facility, all of such borrowings were subject to variable interest rates. If the variable rates on this debt were 100 basis points higher than the rate applicable to the borrowing during the three months period ended March 31, 2021, our net income would have decreased by $0.4 million, or $0.02 per diluted share. We do not currently have any derivative or hedging arrangements, or other known exposures, to changes in interest rates.

ITEM 4. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2021. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) means controls and other procedures of an issuer that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by an issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by an issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the issuer’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2021.

Changes in Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d) and 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act that occurred during the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. | Legal Proceedings

Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we are subject to legal and/or administrative proceedings incidental to our business. It is the opinion of management that the outcome of pending legal and/or administrative proceedings will not have a material effect on our financial position and results of operations.

Item 1A. | Risk Factors

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risk factors discussed under the caption “Risk Factors” set forth in Part I, Item 1A, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, filed on March 1, 2021. There have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed under the caption “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or operating results.

Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures

None.

Item 5. | Other Information

None.

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Item 6. | Exhibits

3.1 |  | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company dated as of October 27, 2009 (filed on November 20, 2009 as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-34504) and incorporated by reference herein).
3.2 |  | Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company, as amended by the First Amendment to the Amended and Restated Bylaws (filed on May 9, 2013 as Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-34504) and incorporated by reference herein).
4.1 |  | Form of Common Stock Certificate (filed on October 2, 2009 as Exhibit 4.1 to Amendment No. 4 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-160634) and incorporated by reference herein).
31.1 |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2 |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1 |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2 |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS |  | Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document).
101.SCH |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.LAB |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE |  | Inline XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
104 |  | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document and contained in Exhibit 101).

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

|  | ADDUS HOMECARE CORPORATION
Date: May 7, 2021 |  | By: |  | /s/ R. DIRK ALLISON
|  |  |  | R. Dirk Allison Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (As Principal Executive Officer)
Date: May 7, 2021 |  | By: |  | /s/ BRIAN POFF
|  |  |  | Brian Poff Chief Financial Officer (As Principal Financial Officer)

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