0000712534 12/31 2021 Q1 FALSE us-gaap:AccountingStandardsUpdate201613Member 0000712534 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 xbrli:shares 0000712534 2021-05-03 iso4217:USD 0000712534 2021-03-31 0000712534 2020-12-31 iso4217:USD xbrli:shares 0000712534 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:DepositAccountMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:DepositAccountMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FiduciaryAndTrustMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FiduciaryAndTrustMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CreditCardMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CreditCardMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 frme:DerivativeHedgingMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:DerivativeHedgingMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancialServiceOtherMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancialServiceOtherMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:PreferredStockMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommonStockMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 2020-01-01 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustedBalanceMember us-gaap:PreferredStockMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustedBalanceMember us-gaap:CommonStockMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustedBalanceMember us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustedBalanceMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustedBalanceMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustedBalanceMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommonStockMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:PreferredStockMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommonStockMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:PreferredStockMember 2019-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommonStockMember 2019-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2019-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2019-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2019-12-31 0000712534 2019-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommonStockMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:PreferredStockMember 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommonStockMember 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2020-03-31 0000712534 2020-03-31 0000712534 srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember 2021-01-01 xbrli:pure 0000712534 srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember 2021-01-01 2021-01-01 0000712534 srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustedBalanceMember 2021-01-01 0000712534 us-gaap:USTreasurySecuritiesMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:USGovernmentAgenciesDebtSecuritiesMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByUSGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:USGovernmentAgenciesDebtSecuritiesMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByUSGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ForeignGovernmentDebtSecuritiesMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ForeignGovernmentDebtSecuritiesMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:MoodysAaaRatingMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:OtherDebtSecuritiesMember srt:MoodysAaaRatingMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MoodysAaaRatingMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MoodysAa1RatingMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:OtherDebtSecuritiesMember srt:MoodysAa1RatingMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MoodysAa1RatingMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MoodysAa2RatingMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:OtherDebtSecuritiesMember srt:MoodysAa2RatingMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MoodysAa2RatingMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MoodysAa3RatingMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MoodysAa3RatingMember us-gaap:OtherDebtSecuritiesMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MoodysAa3RatingMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MoodysA1RatingMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:OtherDebtSecuritiesMember srt:MoodysA1RatingMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MoodysA1RatingMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MoodysA2RatingMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MoodysA2RatingMember us-gaap:OtherDebtSecuritiesMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MoodysA2RatingMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MoodysA3RatingMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:OtherDebtSecuritiesMember srt:MoodysA3RatingMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MoodysA3RatingMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MoodysBaa2RatingMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:OtherDebtSecuritiesMember srt:MoodysBaa2RatingMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MoodysBaa2RatingMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:NonRatedMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:OtherDebtSecuritiesMember frme:NonRatedMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:NonRatedMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:OtherDebtSecuritiesMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquitySecuritiesReportedAtLessThanHistoricalCostMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquitySecuritiesReportedAtLessThanHistoricalCostMember 2020-12-31 frme:instrument 0000712534 frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:FarmingAndAgricultureMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:FarmingAndAgricultureMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:PublicFinanceandOtherCommercialLoansMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:PublicFinanceandOtherCommercialLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:PaycheckProtectionProgramCARESActMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:PaycheckProtectionProgramCARESActMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:PassMember frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:PassMember frme:FarmingAndAgricultureMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember frme:FarmingAndAgricultureMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:SubstandardMember frme:FarmingAndAgricultureMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:PassMember us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:PassMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:PassMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember frme:CommercialLossMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:PassMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember us-gaap:PassMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:PassMember us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:SpecialMentionMember us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember us-gaap:SubstandardMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:PublicFinanceandOtherCommercialLoansMember us-gaap:PassMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialPassMember frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialSpecialMentionMember frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialSubstandardMember frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialDoubtfulMember frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialLossMember frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:ConsumerPerformingFinancingReceivableMember frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember frme:ConsumerNonperformingFinancingReceivableMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialPassMember frme:FarmingAndAgricultureMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialSpecialMentionMember frme:FarmingAndAgricultureMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialSubstandardMember frme:FarmingAndAgricultureMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialDoubtfulMember frme:FarmingAndAgricultureMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialLossMember frme:FarmingAndAgricultureMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:ConsumerPerformingFinancingReceivableMember frme:FarmingAndAgricultureMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:ConsumerNonperformingFinancingReceivableMember frme:FarmingAndAgricultureMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialPassMember us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialSpecialMentionMember us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialSubstandardMember us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialDoubtfulMember us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialLossMember us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:ConsumerPerformingFinancingReceivableMember us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:ConsumerNonperformingFinancingReceivableMember us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember frme:CommercialPassMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember frme:CommercialSpecialMentionMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember frme:CommercialSubstandardMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember frme:CommercialDoubtfulMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember frme:CommercialLossMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember frme:ConsumerPerformingFinancingReceivableMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember frme:ConsumerNonperformingFinancingReceivableMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember frme:CommercialPassMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember frme:CommercialSpecialMentionMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialSubstandardMember frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember frme:CommercialDoubtfulMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember frme:CommercialLossMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember frme:ConsumerPerformingFinancingReceivableMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember frme:ConsumerNonperformingFinancingReceivableMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialPassMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialSpecialMentionMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialSubstandardMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember frme:CommercialDoubtfulMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialLossMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember frme:ConsumerPerformingFinancingReceivableMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember frme:ConsumerNonperformingFinancingReceivableMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember frme:CommercialPassMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember frme:CommercialSpecialMentionMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember frme:CommercialSubstandardMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember frme:CommercialDoubtfulMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember frme:CommercialLossMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember frme:ConsumerPerformingFinancingReceivableMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember frme:ConsumerNonperformingFinancingReceivableMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialPassMember us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialSpecialMentionMember us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialSubstandardMember us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember frme:CommercialDoubtfulMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialLossMember us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember frme:ConsumerPerformingFinancingReceivableMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember frme:ConsumerNonperformingFinancingReceivableMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:PublicFinanceandOtherCommercialLoansMember frme:CommercialPassMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:PublicFinanceandOtherCommercialLoansMember frme:CommercialSpecialMentionMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialSubstandardMember frme:PublicFinanceandOtherCommercialLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:PublicFinanceandOtherCommercialLoansMember frme:CommercialDoubtfulMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:PublicFinanceandOtherCommercialLoansMember frme:CommercialLossMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:PublicFinanceandOtherCommercialLoansMember frme:ConsumerPerformingFinancingReceivableMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:PublicFinanceandOtherCommercialLoansMember frme:ConsumerNonperformingFinancingReceivableMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialPassMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialSpecialMentionMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialSubstandardMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialDoubtfulMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialLossMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:ConsumerPerformingFinancingReceivableMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:ConsumerNonperformingFinancingReceivableMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MultifamilyMember frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember srt:HotelMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember frme:NursingHomeMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember frme:FarmingAndAgricultureMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember frme:FarmingAndAgricultureMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember frme:FarmingAndAgricultureMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:PublicFinanceandOtherCommercialLoansMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:PublicFinanceandOtherCommercialLoansMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:PublicFinanceandOtherCommercialLoansMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember frme:FarmingAndAgricultureMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember frme:FarmingAndAgricultureMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember frme:FarmingAndAgricultureMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:PublicFinanceandOtherCommercialLoansMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:PublicFinanceandOtherCommercialLoansMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:PublicFinanceandOtherCommercialLoansMember us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables30To59DaysPastDueMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivables60To89DaysPastDueMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancingReceivablesEqualToGreaterThan90DaysPastDueMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:OtherCollateralHeldMember frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CollateralPledgedMember frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember frme:FarmingAndAgricultureMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember frme:FarmingAndAgricultureMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:OtherCollateralHeldMember frme:FarmingAndAgricultureMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CollateralPledgedMember frme:FarmingAndAgricultureMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember frme:OtherCollateralHeldMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateNonOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:CollateralPledgedMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember frme:OtherCollateralHeldMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialRealEstateOwnerOccupiedMember us-gaap:CollateralPledgedMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:OtherCollateralHeldMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CollateralPledgedMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember frme:OtherCollateralHeldMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember us-gaap:CollateralPledgedMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:OtherCollateralHeldMember us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CollateralPledgedMember us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:OtherCollateralHeldMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CollateralPledgedMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:TroubledDebtRestructuringsTermModificationsMember frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:TroubledDebtRestructuringsRateModificationsMember frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:TroubledDebtRestructuringsRateAndTermModificationsMember frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:TroubledDebtRestructuringsTermModificationsMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:TroubledDebtRestructuringsRateModificationsMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:TroubledDebtRestructuringsRateAndTermModificationsMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:TroubledDebtRestructuringsTermModificationsMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:TroubledDebtRestructuringsRateModificationsMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:TroubledDebtRestructuringsRateAndTermModificationsMember 2021-03-31 frme:loan 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2020-03-31 0000712534 srt:ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember us-gaap:CommercialLoanMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember srt:ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember srt:ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember srt:ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:ConsumerAndResidentialMember srt:ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommercialLoanMember srt:RevisionOfPriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember srt:RevisionOfPriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember srt:RevisionOfPriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember srt:RevisionOfPriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember srt:RevisionOfPriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:ConsumerAndResidentialMember srt:RevisionOfPriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:RevisionOfPriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommercialLoanMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:ConsumerAndResidentialMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember us-gaap:CommercialLoanMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember frme:ConsumerAndResidentialMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustedBalanceMember us-gaap:CommercialLoanMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustedBalanceMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustedBalanceMember us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustedBalanceMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustedBalanceMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:ConsumerAndResidentialMember srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustedBalanceMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommercialLoanMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:ConsumerAndResidentialMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommercialLoanMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:ConsumerAndResidentialMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommercialLoanMember 2019-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2019-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember 2019-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember 2019-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommercialLoanMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommercialLoanMember 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConsumerLoanMember 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancialAssetAcquiredWithCreditDeteriorationMember us-gaap:CommercialLoanMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommercialRealEstateMember us-gaap:FinancialAssetAcquiredWithCreditDeteriorationMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ResidentialRealEstateMember us-gaap:FinancialAssetAcquiredWithCreditDeteriorationMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FinancialAssetAcquiredWithCreditDeteriorationMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialAndFarmLandLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialAndIndustrialLoansMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ConstructionLoansMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 frme:CommercialAndFarmLandLoansMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:HomeEquityLoanMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommitmentsToExtendCreditMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CommitmentsToExtendCreditMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:StandbyLettersOfCreditMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:StandbyLettersOfCreditMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember 2021-03-31 frme:interest_rate_swap 0000712534 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember frme:TrustPreferredDebtMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:FederalHomeLoanBankAdvancesMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:BrokeredDepositMember us-gaap:InterestRateSwapMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:InterestRateContractMember us-gaap:OtherAssetsMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:InterestRateContractMember us-gaap:OtherAssetsMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:InterestRateContractMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:InterestRateContractMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:InterestRateContractMember us-gaap:OtherAssetsMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:InterestRateContractMember us-gaap:OtherAssetsMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:InterestRateContractMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:InterestRateContractMember us-gaap:NondesignatedMember us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:InterestRateContractMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:InterestRateContractMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember us-gaap:CashFlowHedgingMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:InterestRateContractMember us-gaap:InterestExpenseMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:InterestRateContractMember us-gaap:InterestExpenseMember us-gaap:DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:USTreasurySecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:USTreasurySecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:USTreasurySecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:USTreasurySecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:USGovernmentAgenciesDebtSecuritiesMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:USGovernmentAgenciesDebtSecuritiesMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:USGovernmentAgenciesDebtSecuritiesMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:USGovernmentAgenciesDebtSecuritiesMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByUSGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByUSGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByUSGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByUSGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:DerivativeFinancialInstrumentsAssetsMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:DerivativeFinancialInstrumentsAssetsMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:DerivativeFinancialInstrumentsAssetsMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:DerivativeFinancialInstrumentsAssetsMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:DerivativeFinancialInstrumentsLiabilitiesMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:DerivativeFinancialInstrumentsLiabilitiesMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:DerivativeFinancialInstrumentsLiabilitiesMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:DerivativeFinancialInstrumentsLiabilitiesMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:USGovernmentAgenciesDebtSecuritiesMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:USGovernmentAgenciesDebtSecuritiesMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:USGovernmentAgenciesDebtSecuritiesMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:USGovernmentAgenciesDebtSecuritiesMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByUSGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByUSGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByUSGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:MortgageBackedSecuritiesIssuedByUSGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:DerivativeFinancialInstrumentsAssetsMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:DerivativeFinancialInstrumentsAssetsMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:DerivativeFinancialInstrumentsAssetsMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:DerivativeFinancialInstrumentsAssetsMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:DerivativeFinancialInstrumentsLiabilitiesMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:DerivativeFinancialInstrumentsLiabilitiesMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:DerivativeFinancialInstrumentsLiabilitiesMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember us-gaap:DerivativeFinancialInstrumentsLiabilitiesMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AvailableforsaleSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AvailableforsaleSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2019-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AvailableforsaleSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AvailableforsaleSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AvailableforsaleSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AvailableforsaleSecuritiesMember us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember frme:CollateralDependentLoansMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember frme:CollateralDependentLoansMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member frme:CollateralDependentLoansMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember frme:CollateralDependentLoansMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember frme:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember frme:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member frme:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember frme:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember frme:CollateralDependentLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember frme:CollateralDependentLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member frme:CollateralDependentLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember frme:CollateralDependentLoansMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember frme:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember frme:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member frme:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMember frme:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:DiscountedCashFlowMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:DiscountedCashFlowMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member srt:MinimumMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MaximumMember frme:DiscountedCashFlowMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:DiscountedCashFlowMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:MeasurementInputDiscountRateMember srt:MinimumMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MaximumMember frme:DiscountedCashFlowMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:MeasurementInputDiscountRateMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:DiscountedCashFlowMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member frme:MeasurementInputCouponRateMember srt:WeightedAverageMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CorporateObligationsandU.S.GovernmentSponsoredMortgageBackedSecuritiesMember frme:DiscountedCashFlowMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CorporateObligationsandU.S.GovernmentSponsoredMortgageBackedSecuritiesMember frme:DiscountedCashFlowMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CorporateObligationsandU.S.GovernmentSponsoredMortgageBackedSecuritiesMember us-gaap:MeasurementInputDiscountForLackOfMarketabilityMember frme:DiscountedCashFlowMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CorporateObligationsandU.S.GovernmentSponsoredMortgageBackedSecuritiesMember frme:DiscountedCashFlowMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member frme:MeasurementInputCouponRateMember srt:WeightedAverageMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CollateralDependentLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member frme:CollateralBasedMeasurementsMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CollateralDependentLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:MeasurementInputComparabilityAdjustmentMember frme:CollateralBasedMeasurementsMember srt:MinimumMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MaximumMember frme:CollateralDependentLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:MeasurementInputComparabilityAdjustmentMember frme:CollateralBasedMeasurementsMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:CollateralDependentLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:MeasurementInputComparabilityAdjustmentMember srt:WeightedAverageMember frme:CollateralBasedMeasurementsMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member frme:AppraisalsMember frme:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:MeasurementInputAppraisedValueMember frme:AppraisalsMember srt:MinimumMember frme:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MaximumMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:MeasurementInputAppraisedValueMember frme:AppraisalsMember frme:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:MeasurementInputAppraisedValueMember srt:WeightedAverageMember frme:AppraisalsMember frme:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:DiscountedCashFlowMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:DiscountedCashFlowMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member srt:MinimumMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2020-01-01 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:MaximumMember frme:DiscountedCashFlowMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2020-01-01 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:DiscountedCashFlowMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:MeasurementInputDiscountRateMember srt:MinimumMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:MaximumMember frme:DiscountedCashFlowMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:MeasurementInputDiscountRateMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:DiscountedCashFlowMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member frme:MeasurementInputCouponRateMember srt:WeightedAverageMember us-gaap:USStatesAndPoliticalSubdivisionsMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CorporateObligationsandU.S.GovernmentSponsoredMortgageBackedSecuritiesMember frme:DiscountedCashFlowMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CorporateObligationsandU.S.GovernmentSponsoredMortgageBackedSecuritiesMember frme:DiscountedCashFlowMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember 2020-01-01 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CorporateObligationsandU.S.GovernmentSponsoredMortgageBackedSecuritiesMember us-gaap:MeasurementInputDiscountForLackOfMarketabilityMember frme:DiscountedCashFlowMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CorporateObligationsandU.S.GovernmentSponsoredMortgageBackedSecuritiesMember frme:DiscountedCashFlowMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member frme:MeasurementInputCouponRateMember srt:WeightedAverageMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CollateralDependentLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member frme:CollateralBasedMeasurementsMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CollateralDependentLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:MeasurementInputComparabilityAdjustmentMember frme:CollateralBasedMeasurementsMember srt:MinimumMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:MaximumMember frme:CollateralDependentLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:MeasurementInputComparabilityAdjustmentMember frme:CollateralBasedMeasurementsMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:CollateralDependentLoansMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:MeasurementInputComparabilityAdjustmentMember srt:WeightedAverageMember frme:CollateralBasedMeasurementsMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member frme:AppraisalsMember frme:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:MeasurementInputAppraisedValueMember frme:AppraisalsMember srt:MinimumMember frme:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 srt:MaximumMember us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:MeasurementInputAppraisedValueMember frme:AppraisalsMember frme:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member us-gaap:MeasurementInputAppraisedValueMember srt:WeightedAverageMember frme:AppraisalsMember frme:OtherRealEstateOwnedMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember us-gaap:MaturityOvernightMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember us-gaap:MaturityUpTo30DaysMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:Maturity30To90DaysMember us-gaap:USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember us-gaap:MaturityOver90DaysMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember us-gaap:MaturityOvernightMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember us-gaap:MaturityUpTo30DaysMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:Maturity30To90DaysMember us-gaap:USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember us-gaap:MaturityOver90DaysMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember 2019-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember 2019-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember 2019-12-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember us-gaap:ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember us-gaap:ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember us-gaap:InterestRateContractMember us-gaap:ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember us-gaap:InterestRateContractMember us-gaap:ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember us-gaap:ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember us-gaap:ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:EmployeeStockOptionMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MinimumMember us-gaap:EmployeeStockOptionMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 srt:MaximumMember us-gaap:EmployeeStockOptionMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:RestrictedStockAwardsMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:StockOptionsAndEmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:StockOptionsAndEmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 frme:RestrictedStockAwardsMember 2021-01-01 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:RestrictedStockAwardsMember 2020-01-01 2020-03-31 0000712534 frme:RestrictedStockAwardsMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 frme:RestrictedStockAwardsMember 2020-12-31 0000712534 frme:EmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember 2021-01-01 2021-01-01 0000712534 frme:EmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember 2021-03-31 0000712534 us-gaap:SubsequentEventMember frme:HoosierTrustCompanyMember 2021-04-01 2021-04-01
FORM 10-Q
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
___________________
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2021
OR
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Transition Period from _______ to _______
Commission File Number 0-17071
FIRST MERCHANTS CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Indiana 35-1544218
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
200 East Jackson Street, Muncie, IN 47305-2814
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code): (765) 747-1500
Not Applicable
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year,
if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.125 stated value per share | FRME | Nasdaq Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every interactive data file required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer | ☒ | Accelerated Filer | ☐ | Non-Accelerated Filer | ☐
Smaller Reporting Company | ☐ | Emerging Growth Company | ☐ |  |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
As of May 3, 2021, there were 54,371,549 outstanding common shares of the registrant.
1

Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FIRST MERCHANTS CORPORATION

|  | Page No.
Glossary of Defined Terms | 3
Part I. Financial Information |
Item 1. | Financial Statements: |
| Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets | 4
| Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income | 5
| Consolidated Condensed Statements of Comprehensive Income | 6
| Consolidated Condensed Statements of Stockholders' Equity | 7
| Consolidated Condensed Statements of Cash Flows | 8
| Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements | 9
Item 2. | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 38
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 53
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 54
Part II. Other Information |
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 55
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 55
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 55
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 55
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 55
Item 5. | Other Information | 55
Item 6. | Exhibits | 56
Signatures | 57

2

Table of Contents
GLOSSARY OF DEFINED TERMS
FIRST MERCHANTS CORPORATION

ACL | Allowance for Credit Losses
Ameribor | The American interbank offered rate, a potential replacement for LIBOR, is a benchmark interest rate calculated as a volume-weighted average of the daily transactions in overnight unsecured loans on the American Financial Exchange, LLC, a self-regulated electronic exchange for direct lending by American banks and financial institutions.
ASC | Accounting Standards Codification
ASU | Accounting Standards Update
Bank | First Merchants Bank, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Corporation
CARES Act | Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act
CECL | Current expected credit losses
CET1 | Common Equity Tier 1
Corporation | First Merchants Corporation
COVID-19 | 2019 novel coronavirus disease, which was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020.
Economic Impact Payments | Economic stimulus payments of up to $1,200 per adult and $500 per child, subject to eligibility requirements and certain limitations, as established under the CARES Act and distributed by the IRS.
ESPP | Employee Stock Purchase Plan
FASB | Financial Accounting Standards Board
FDIC | Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Federal Reserve | Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
FHLB | Federal Home Loan Bank
FOMC | Federal Open Market Committee, the monetary policymaking body of the Federal Reserve System.
FTE | Fully taxable equivalent
GAAP | U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
IRS | Internal Revenue Service
OREO | Other real estate owned
PPP | Paycheck Protection Program, which was established by the CARES Act and implemented by the Small Business Administration to provide small business loans.
RSA | Restricted Stock Awards
TEFRA | Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act

3

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS

| March 31, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
| (Unaudited) |
ASSETS |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 187,901 |  |  | $ | 192,896 |
Interest-bearing deposits | 392,806 |  |  | 392,305 |
Investment securities available for sale | 2,405,568 |  |  | 1,919,119 |
Investment securities held to maturity, net of allowance for credit losses of $245 and $0 (fair value of $1,318,780 and $1,280,293) | 1,295,289 |  |  | 1,227,668 |
Loans held for sale | 4,430 |  |  | 3,966 |
Loans | 9,318,228 |  |  | 9,243,174 |
Less: Allowance for credit losses - loans 1 | (201,082) |  |  | (130,648) |
Net loans | 9,117,146 |  |  | 9,112,526 |
Premises and equipment | 109,432 |  |  | 111,062 |
Federal Home Loan Bank stock | 28,736 |  |  | 28,736 |
Interest receivable | 54,662 |  |  | 53,948 |
Goodwill | 543,918 |  |  | 543,918 |
Other intangibles | 27,618 |  |  | 28,975 |
Cash surrender value of life insurance | 293,766 |  |  | 292,745 |
Other real estate owned | 604 |  |  | 940 |
Tax asset, deferred and receivable | 40,163 |  |  | 12,340 |
Other assets | 127,027 |  |  | 146,066 |
TOTAL ASSETS | $ | 14,629,066 |  |  | $ | 14,067,210 |
LIABILITIES |  |  |
Deposits: |  |  |
Noninterest-bearing | $ | 2,494,891 |  |  | $ | 2,298,138 |
Interest-bearing | 9,456,889 |  |  | 9,063,472 |
Total Deposits | 11,951,780 |  |  | 11,361,610 |
Borrowings: |  |  |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | 185,721 |  |  | 177,102 |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 359,337 |  |  | 389,430 |
Subordinated debentures and other borrowings | 118,439 |  |  | 118,380 |
Total Borrowings | 663,497 |  |  | 684,912 |
Interest payable | 4,020 |  |  | 3,287 |
Other liabilities | 203,913 |  |  | 141,756 |
Total Liabilities | 12,823,210 |  |  | 12,191,565 |
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES |  |  |
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY |  |  |
Cumulative Preferred Stock, $1,000 par value, $1,000 liquidation value: |  |  |
Authorized - 600 shares |  |  |
Issued and outstanding - 125 shares | 125 |  |  | 125 |
Common Stock, $0.125 stated value: |  |  |
Authorized - 100,000,000 shares |  |  |
Issued and outstanding - 53,953,723 and 53,922,359 shares | 6,744 |  |  | 6,740 |
Additional paid-in capital | 1,007,300 |  |  | 1,005,366 |
Retained earnings | 755,877 |  |  | 788,578 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income | 35,810 |  |  | 74,836 |
Total Stockholders' Equity | 1,805,856 |  |  | 1,875,645 |
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | $ | 14,629,066 |  |  | $ | 14,067,210 |

1 Beginning January 1, 2021, the calculation is based on the current expected credit loss methodology. Prior to January 1, 2021, the calculation is based on the incurred loss methodology. See additional details in NOTE 1. GENERAL of these Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statement.
See NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
4

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  |  |  |
INTEREST INCOME |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans receivable: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Taxable | $ | 85,105 |  |  | $ | 96,652 |  |  |  |  |
Tax exempt | 5,339 |  |  | 5,315 |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Taxable | 6,695 |  |  | 7,631 |  |  |  |  |
Tax exempt | 12,385 |  |  | 9,335 |  |  |  |  |
Deposits with financial institutions | 114 |  |  | 575 |  |  |  |  |
Federal Home Loan Bank stock | 178 |  |  | 299 |  |  |  |  |
Total Interest Income | 109,816 |  |  | 119,807 |  |  |  |  |
INTEREST EXPENSE |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits | 6,200 |  |  | 21,748 |  |  |  |  |
Federal funds purchased | 2 |  |  | 111 |  |  |  |  |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | 87 |  |  | 352 |  |  |  |  |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 1,442 |  |  | 1,774 |  |  |  |  |
Subordinated debentures and other borrowings | 1,657 |  |  | 1,945 |  |  |  |  |
Total Interest Expense | 9,388 |  |  | 25,930 |  |  |  |  |
NET INTEREST INCOME | 100,428 |  |  | 93,877 |  |  |  |  |
Provision for credit losses - loans | — |  |  | 19,752 |  |  |  |  |
NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES | 100,428 |  |  | 74,125 |  |  |  |  |
OTHER INCOME |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service charges on deposit accounts | 5,264 |  |  | 5,970 |  |  |  |  |
Fiduciary and wealth management fees | 6,422 |  |  | 5,985 |  |  |  |  |
Card payment fees | 4,367 |  |  | 5,907 |  |  |  |  |
Net gains and fees on sales of loans | 3,986 |  |  | 3,363 |  |  |  |  |
Derivative hedge fees | 317 |  |  | 1,939 |  |  |  |  |
Other customer fees | 368 |  |  | 398 |  |  |  |  |
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance | 1,189 |  |  | 1,360 |  |  |  |  |
Gains on life insurance benefits | 147 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Net realized gains on sales of available for sale securities | 1,799 |  |  | 4,612 |  |  |  |  |
Other income | 232 |  |  | 265 |  |  |  |  |
Total Other Income | 24,091 |  |  | 29,799 |  |  |  |  |
OTHER EXPENSES |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Salaries and employee benefits | 38,811 |  |  | 39,243 |  |  |  |  |
Net occupancy | 6,491 |  |  | 5,801 |  |  |  |  |
Equipment | 5,030 |  |  | 4,344 |  |  |  |  |
Marketing | 1,124 |  |  | 1,443 |  |  |  |  |
Outside data processing fees | 4,244 |  |  | 4,199 |  |  |  |  |
Printing and office supplies | 283 |  |  | 387 |  |  |  |  |
Intangible asset amortization | 1,357 |  |  | 1,514 |  |  |  |  |
FDIC assessments | 1,368 |  |  | 1,523 |  |  |  |  |
Other real estate owned and foreclosure expenses | 734 |  |  | 505 |  |  |  |  |
Professional and other outside services | 2,543 |  |  | 2,258 |  |  |  |  |
Other expenses | 4,113 |  |  | 4,954 |  |  |  |  |
Total Other Expenses | 66,098 |  |  | 66,171 |  |  |  |  |
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAX | 58,421 |  |  | 37,753 |  |  |  |  |
Income tax expense | 8,952 |  |  | 3,490 |  |  |  |  |
NET INCOME AVAILABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS | $ | 49,469 |  |  | $ | 34,263 |  |  |  |  |
Per Share Data: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic Net Income Available to Common Stockholders | $ | 0.92 |  |  | $ | 0.63 |  |  |  |  |
Diluted Net Income Available to Common Stockholders | $ | 0.91 |  |  | $ | 0.62 |  |  |  |  |
Cash Dividends Paid | $ | 0.26 |  |  | $ | 0.26 |  |  |  |  |
Average Diluted Shares Outstanding (in thousands) | 54,134 |  |  | 54,918 |  |  |  |  |

See NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
5

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  |  |  |
Net income | $ | 49,469 |  |  | $ | 34,263 |  |  |  |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized gains/losses on securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized holding gain (loss) arising during the period | (47,911) |  |  | 38,435 |  |  |  |  |
Reclassification adjustment for losses (gains) included in net income | (1,799) |  |  | (4,612) |  |  |  |  |
Tax effect | 10,439 |  |  | (7,102) |  |  |  |  |
Net of tax | (39,271) |  |  | 26,721 |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized gain/loss on cash flow hedges: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized holding gain (loss) arising during the period | 58 |  |  | (1,314) |  |  |  |  |
Reclassification adjustment for losses (gains) included in net income | 252 |  |  | 125 |  |  |  |  |
Tax effect | (65) |  |  | 250 |  |  |  |  |
Net of tax | 245 |  |  | (939) |  |  |  |  |
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | (39,026) |  |  | 25,782 |  |  |  |  |
Comprehensive income | $ | 10,443 |  |  | $ | 60,045 |  |  |  |  |

See NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
6

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
| Preferred |  | Common Stock |  | Additional |  |  |  | Accumulated Other |  |
| Shares |  | Amount |  | Shares |  | Amount |  | Paid in Capital |  | Retained Earnings |  | Comprehensive Income |  | Total
Balances, December 31, 2020 | 125 |  |  | $ | 125 |  |  | 53,922,359 |  |  | $ | 6,740 |  |  | $ | 1,005,366 |  |  | $ | 788,578 |  |  | $ | 74,836 |  |  | $ | 1,875,645 |
Cumulative effect of ASC 326 adoption |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (68,040) |  |  |  |  | (68,040) |
Balance, January 1, 2021 | 125 |  |  | $ | 125 |  |  | 53,922,359 |  |  | $ | 6,740 |  |  | $ | 1,005,366 |  | 1005366 | $ | 720,538 |  |  | $ | 74,836 |  |  | $ | 1,807,605 |
Comprehensive income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 49,469 |  |  | — |  |  | 49,469 |
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (39,026) |  |  | (39,026) |
Cash dividends on common stock ($.26 per share) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (14,130) |  |  | — |  |  | (14,130) |
Share-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,285 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1,189 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,190 |
Stock issued under employee benefit plans | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,929 |  |  | — |  |  | 144 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 144 |
Stock issued under dividend reinvestment and stock purchase plan | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,117 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 442 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 443 |
Stock options exercised | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14,300 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 169 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 171 |
Restricted shares withheld for taxes | — |  |  | — |  |  | (267) |  |  | — |  |  | (10) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (10) |
Balances, March 31, 2021 | 125 |  |  | $ | 125 |  |  | 53,953,723 |  |  | $ | 6,744 |  |  | $ | 1,007,300 |  |  | $ | 755,877 |  |  | $ | 35,810 |  |  | $ | 1,805,856 |

| Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
| Preferred |  | Common Stock |  | Additional |  |  |  | Accumulated Other |  |
| Shares |  | Amount |  | Shares |  | Amount |  | Paid in Capital |  | Retained Earnings |  | Comprehensive Loss |  | Total
Balances, December 31, 2019 | 125 |  |  | $ | 125 |  |  | 55,368,482 |  |  | $ | 6,921 |  |  | $ | 1,054,997 |  |  | $ | 696,520 |  |  | $ | 27,874 |  |  | $ | 1,786,437 |
Comprehensive income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 34,263 |  |  | — |  |  | 34,263 |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 25,782 |  |  | 25,782 |
Cash dividends on common stock ($.26 per share) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (14,265) |  |  | — |  |  | (14,265) |
Repurchases of common stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,634,437) |  |  | (204) |  |  | (55,708) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (55,912) |
Share-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,332 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,220 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,220 |
Stock issued under dividend reinvestment and stock purchase plan | — |  |  | — |  |  | 15,710 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 426 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 428 |
Stock options exercised | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,050 |  |  | — |  |  | 7 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7 |
Balances, March 31. 2020 | 125 |  |  | $ | 125 |  |  | 53,754,137 |  |  | $ | 6,719 |  |  | $ | 1,000,942 |  |  | $ | 716,518 |  |  | $ | 53,656 |  |  | $ | 1,777,960 |

See NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.

7

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended
| March 31, 2021 |  | March 31, 2020
Cash Flow From Operating Activities: |  |  |
Net income | $ | 49,469 |  |  | $ | 34,263 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |
Provision for loan losses | — |  |  | 19,752 |
Depreciation and amortization | 2,748 |  |  | 2,674 |
Change in deferred taxes | (3,079) |  |  | (7,662) |
Share-based compensation | 1,190 |  |  | 1,220 |
Loans originated for sale | (111,558) |  |  | (163,378) |
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale | 114,383 |  |  | 170,307 |
Gains on sales of loans held for sale | (3,289) |  |  | (2,931) |
Gains on sales of securities available for sale | (1,799) |  |  | (4,612) |
Increase in cash surrender of life insurance | (1,189) |  |  | (1,360) |
Gains on life insurance benefits | (147) |  |  | — |
Change in interest receivable | (714) |  |  | 1,412 |
Change in interest payable | 733 |  |  | 992 |
Other adjustments | 6,062 |  |  | 20,816 |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 52,810 |  |  | 71,493 |
Cash Flows from Investing Activities: |  |  |
Net change in interest-bearing deposits | (501) |  |  | (14,681) |
Purchases of: |  |  |
Securities available for sale | (597,901) |  |  | (87,499) |
Securities held to maturity | (135,098) |  |  | (126,759) |
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale | 48,016 |  |  | 96,558 |
Proceeds from maturities of: |  |  |
Securities available for sale | 80,114 |  |  | 45,621 |
Securities held to maturity | 66,361 |  |  | 49,912 |
Net change in loans | (72,704) |  |  | (148,882) |
Proceeds from the sale of other real estate owned | 495 |  |  | 303 |
Proceeds from life insurance benefits | 315 |  |  | — |
Other adjustments | (2,285) |  |  | (3,672) |
Net cash used in investing activities | (613,188) |  |  | (189,099) |
Cash Flows from Financing Activities: |  |  |
Net change in : |  |  |
Demand and savings deposits | 620,609 |  |  | 109,276 |
Certificates of deposit and other time deposits | (30,439) |  |  | (78,748) |
Borrowings | 8,678 |  |  | 180,060 |
Repayment of borrowings | (30,093) |  |  | (72,710) |
Cash dividends on common stock | (14,130) |  |  | (14,265) |
Stock issued under employee benefit plans | 144 |  |  | — |
Stock issued under dividend reinvestment and stock purchase plans | 443 |  |  | 428 |
Stock options exercised | 171 |  |  | 7 |
Repurchase of common stock | — |  |  | (55,912) |
Net cash provided by financing activities | 555,383 |  |  | 68,136 |
Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents | (4,995) |  |  | (49,470) |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, January 1 | 192,896 |  |  | 177,201 |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, March 31 | $ | 187,901 |  |  | $ | 127,731 |
Additional cash flow information: |  |  |
Interest paid | $ | 8,655 |  |  | $ | 24,938 |
Loans transferred to other real estate owned | 44 |  |  | 761 |
Fixed assets transferred to other real estate owned | 1,167 |  |  | — |
Non-cash investing activities using trade date accounting | 66,558 |  |  | 44,362 |
ROU assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities | 386 |  |  | 79 |

See NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
8

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
NOTE 1
GENERAL
Financial Statement Preparation
The Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheet of the Corporation as of December 31, 2020, has been derived from the audited consolidated balance sheet of the Corporation as of that date. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the Corporation’s annual financial statements, prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, have been condensed or omitted. These consolidated condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021, are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year. Reclassifications have been made to prior financial statements to conform to the current financial statement presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on net income. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change relate to the determination of the allowance for credit losses and fair value of financial instruments. The uncertainties related to the coronavirus disease 2019 ("COVID-19") could cause significant changes to these estimates compared to what was known at the time these financial statements were prepared.
Significant Accounting Policies
The significant accounting policies followed by the Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries for interim financial reporting are consistent with the accounting policies followed for annual financial reporting, with the exception of the Corporation's adoption of ASC 326 as described below under the heading "Recent Accounting Changes Adopted In 2021." The Corporation revised certain accounting policies and implemented certain accounting policy elections, related to the adoption of ASC 326 which are described below. All adjustments, which are of a normal recurring nature and are in the opinion of management necessary for a fair statement of the results for the periods reported, have been included in the accompanying Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements.
The Corporation adopted FASB Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments ("CECL") on January 1, 2021. CECL replaces the previous "incurred loss" model for measuring credit losses, which encompassed allowances for current known and inherent losses within the portfolio, with an "expected loss" model for measuring credit losses, which encompasses allowances for losses expected to be incurred over the life of the portfolio. The new CECL model requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets measured at amortized cost and certain off-balance sheet credit exposures based on historical experiences, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. CECL also requires enhanced disclosures related to the significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as credit quality and underwriting standards of an organization's portfolio. In addition, CECL includes certain changes to the accounting for investment securities available for sale depending on whether management intends to sell the securities or believes that it is more likely than not they will be required to sell.
As of the adoption and day one measurement date of January 1, 2021, the Corporation recorded a one-time cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings, net of income taxes, on the consolidated balance sheet of $68.0 million. The allowance increased 57 percent from December 31, 2020, or $74.1 million, because it covered expected credit losses over the life of the loan portfolio, which approximates four years, and it included an allowance on all purchased loans that were previously excluded from the allowance for loan losses calculation. CECL also requires the establishment of a reserve for potential losses from unfunded commitments that is recorded in other liabilities, separate from allowance for credit losses, which was approximately $20.5 million. An allowance for credit losses of $245,000 was recorded on the state and municipal securities classified as held to maturity based on applying the long-term historical credit loss rate, as published by Moody’s, for similarly rated securities. The following table details the impact of the adoption of CECL on the Corporation's balance sheet as of January 1, 2021.

| December 31, 2020 |  | Impact of CECL Adoption |  | January 1, 2021 Post-CECL Adoption
Assets: |  |  |  |  |
Held to maturity securities | 1,227,668 |  |  | (245) |  |  | 1,227,423 |
Loans | 9,243,174 |  |  | 4,776 |  |  | 9,247,950 |
Allowance for credit losses - Loans | (130,648) |  |  | (74,055) |  |  | (204,703) |
Net loans | 9,112,526 |  |  | (69,279) |  |  | 9,043,247 |
Tax asset, deferred and receivable | 12,340 |  |  | 21,984 |  |  | 34,324 |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses on unfunded loan commitments | — |  |  | 20,500 |  |  | 20,500 |
Stockholder's Equity: |  |  |  |  |
Retained Earnings | 788,578 |  |  | (68,040) |  |  | 720,538 |
|  |  | — |  |  |

9

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
Allowance for credit losses on investment securities available for sale – for investment securities available for sale in an unrealized loss position, the Corporation first assesses whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through income. For investment securities available for sale that do not meet the aforementioned criteria, the Corporation evaluates whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. In making this assessment, the Corporation considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, and adverse conditions specifically related to the security, among other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Unrealized losses that have not been recorded through an allowance for credit losses are recognized in other comprehensive income. Adjustments to the allowance for credit losses are reported in the income statement as a component of the provision for credit loss. The Corporation has made the accounting policy election to exclude accrued interest receivable on investment securities available for sale from the estimate of credit losses. Investment securities available for sale are charged off against the allowance or, in the absence of any allowance, written down through the income statement when deemed uncollectible or when either of the aforementioned criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met. The Corporation did not record an allowance for credit losses on its investment securities available for sale as the unrealized losses were attributable to changes in interest rates, not credit quality.
Allowance for credit losses on investment securities held to maturity ("ACL - Investments") – the ACL - Investments is a contra asset-valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of investment securities held to maturity to present the net amount expected to be collected. Investment securities held to maturity are charged off against the ACL - Investments when deemed uncollectible. Adjustments to the ACL - Investments are reported in the income statement as a component of the provision for credit loss. The Corporation measures expected credit losses on held to maturity debt securities on a collective basis by major security type with each type sharing similar risk characteristics, and considers historical credit loss information that is adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The Corporation has made the accounting policy election to exclude accrued interest receivable on investment securities held to maturity from the estimate of credit losses. With regard to U.S. Government-sponsored agency and mortgage-backed securities, all these securities are issued by a U.S. government-sponsored entity and have an implicit or explicit government guarantee. With regard to securities issued by states and municipalities and other investment securities held to maturity, management considers (1) issuer bond ratings, (2) the financial condition of the issuer, (3) historical loss rates for given bond ratings, and (4) whether issuers continue to make timely principal and interest payments under the contractual terms of the securities. Historical loss rates associated with securities having similar grades as those in the Corporation's portfolio have generally not been significant. Furthermore, as of March 31, 2021, there were no past due principal and interest payments associated with these securities. An allowance for credit losses of $245,000 was recorded on the state and municipal securities classified as held to maturity based on applying the long-term historical credit loss rate, as published by Moody’s, for similarly rated securities.
Purchased Credit Deteriorated (“PCD”) – the Corporation has purchased loans, some of which have experienced more than insignificant credit deterioration since origination. PCD loans are recorded at the amount paid. An allowance for credit losses is determined using the same methodology as other loans held for investment. The initial allowance for credit losses determined on a collective basis is allocated to individual loans. The sum of the loan’s purchase price and allowance for credit losses becomes its initial amortized cost basis. The difference between the initial amortized cost basis and the par value of the loan is the noncredit discount or premium, which is amortized into interest income over the life of the loan. Subsequent changes to the allowance for credit losses are recorded through the provision for credit losses.
Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans ("ACL - Loans") - the ACL - Loans is a valuation account that is deducted from the loans’ amortized cost basis to present the net amount expected to be collected on loans over the contractual term. Loans are charged off against the allowance when the uncollectibility of the loan is confirmed. Expected recoveries do not exceed the aggregate of amounts previously charged off and expected to be charged off. Adjustments to the ACL- Loans are reported in the income statement as a component of provision for credit loss. The Corporation has made the accounting policy election to exclude accrued interest receivable on loans from the estimate of credit losses. Further information regarding the policies and methodology used to estimate the ACL - Loans is detailed in NOTE 3. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE of these Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements.
Allowance for Credit Losses – Off-Balance Sheet Credit Exposures – the allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures is a liability account representing expected credit losses over the contractual period for which the Corporation is exposed to credit risk resulting from a contractual obligation to extend credit. No allowance is recognized if the Corporation has the unconditional right to cancel the obligation. Off-balance sheet credit exposures primarily consist of amounts available under outstanding lines of credit and letters of credit. For the period of exposure, the estimate of expected credit losses considers both the likelihood that funding will occur and the amount expected to be funded over the estimated remaining life of the commitment or other off-balance sheet exposure. The likelihood and expected amount of funding are based on historical utilization rates. The amount of the allowance represents management’s best estimate of expected credit losses on commitments expected to be funded over the contractual life of the commitment. The allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposures is adjusted through the income statement as a component of provision for credit loss.
10

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
Impact of COVID-19
On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (“WHO”) announced that the outbreak of COVID-19 constituted a public health emergency of international concern. On March 11, 2020, WHO declared COVID-19 to be a global pandemic and, on March 13, 2020, the President of the United States declared the COVID-19 outbreak a national emergency. The health concerns relating to the COVID-19 outbreak and related governmental actions taken to reduce the spread of the virus have significantly impacted the global economy (including the states and local economies in which the Corporation operates), disrupted supply chains, lowered equity market valuations, and created significant volatility and disruption in financial markets. The outbreak has resulted in authorities implementing numerous measures to try to contain the virus, such as travel bans and restrictions, quarantines, shelter in place or total lock-down orders and business limitations and shutdowns. As a result of the shelter in place mandates in effect beginning early in the second quarter of 2020, commercial activity throughout our geographic footprint, as well as nationally, decreased significantly during 2020 and 2021. These containment measures have significantly contributed to rising unemployment and negatively impacted consumer and business spending. Although most states have reopened, albeit under limited capacities and under other social distancing restrictions, commercial activity has not returned to the levels existing prior to the outbreak of the pandemic. While multiple COVID-19 vaccines are now broadly available and vaccination rates are steadily increasing, it is too early to know how effective vaccinations will be in mitigating the adverse social and economic effects of the pandemic. Moreover, certain states and localities have recently experienced significant increases in the number of individuals diagnosed with COVID-19, which, in certain cases, is causing government officials to reinstitute activity restrictions. In addition, variant strains of the COVID-19 virus have appeared, further complicating efforts of the medical community and federal, state and local governments in response to the pandemic.
The continued impact of COVID-19 on the Corporation will depend on numerous factors and future developments that are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence. It is unknown how long the COVID-19 pandemic will last, or when restrictions on individuals and businesses will be fully lifted and businesses and their employees will be able to resume normal activities. Additional information may emerge regarding new developments with COVID-19 and additional actions may be taken by federal, state and local governments to contain COVID-19 or treat its impact. Changes in the behavior of customers, businesses and their employees as a result of COVID-19 pandemic, including social distancing practices, even after formal restrictions have been lifted and vaccination rates have increased, are also unknown. As a result of COVID-19 and the actions taken to contain it or reduce its impact, we may experience changes in the demand for our products and services, changes in the value of collateral securing outstanding loans, reductions in the credit quality of borrowers and the inability of borrowers to repay loans in accordance with their terms. Our commercial and consumer customers are experiencing varying degrees of financial distress, which is expected to continue in 2021, especially if positive cases increase and economic shutdowns continue. These and similar factors and events may have substantial negative effects on the business, financial condition and results of operations of the Corporation and its customers.
Guidance on Non-TDR Loan Modifications due to COVID-19
On March 22, 2020, a statement was issued by the Bank’s banking regulators and titled the “Interagency Statement on Loan Modifications and Reporting for Financial Institutions Working with Customers Affected by the Coronavirus” (the “Interagency Statement”) that encourages financial institutions to work prudently with borrowers who are or may be unable to meet their contractual payment obligations due to the effects of COVID-19. Additionally, Section 4013 of the CARES Act further provides that a qualified loan modification is exempt by law from classification as a troubled debt restructure as defined by GAAP, from the period beginning March 1, 2020 until the earlier of December 31, 2020 or the date that is 60 days after the date on which the national emergency concerning the COVID-19 outbreak under the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.) terminates. The Interagency Statement was subsequently revised on April 7, 2020 to clarify the interaction of the original guidance with Section 4013 of the CARES Act, as well as setting forth the banking regulators’ views on consumer protection considerations. In accordance with such guidance, the Bank has offered short-term modifications made in response to COVID-19 to borrowers who were current and otherwise not past due. These included short-term, 180 days or less, modifications in the form of payment deferrals, fee waivers, extensions of repayment terms, or other delays in payment that are insignificant. The CAA, as described above, extended the expiration date for COVID-related loan modifications exempt from troubled debt restructuring classification until the earlier of January 1, 2022, or 60 days after the termination of the national emergency. Details of the Corporation's modifications are included in the "LOAN QUALITY" section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included on this Form 10-Q.
Recent Accounting Changes Adopted In 2021
The Corporation continually monitors potential accounting pronouncements and the following pronouncements have been deemed to have the most applicability to the Corporation's financial statements:
FASB Accounting Standards Updates No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments
Summary - The FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This new guidance replaces the previous "incurred loss" model for measuring credit losses with an "expected life of loan loss" model, referred to as the CECL model.
Under the CECL model, certain financial assets carried at amortized cost, such as loans held for investment and held-to-maturity debt securities, are required to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The measurement of expected credit losses is based on information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. This measurement takes place at the time the financial asset is first added to the balance sheet and periodically thereafter. This differs significantly from the “incurred loss” model, which delayed recognition until it is probable a loss had been incurred.
11

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
The Corporation developed models that satisfy the requirements of the new standard which are governed by a system of internal controls and a cross-functional working group consisting of accounting, finance, and credit administration personnel. The loan portfolio was pooled into ten loan segments with similar risk characteristics for which the probability of default/loss given default methodology was applied. The Corporation utilized a one-year economic forecast period then reverted to historical macroeconomic levels for the remaining life of the portfolio. A baseline macroeconomic scenario, along with other scenarios, were used to develop a range of estimated credit losses for which to determine the best estimate within.
The ASU was effective for SEC filers for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Pursuant to the CARES Act and the related joint statement of federal banking regulators (which also became effective as of March 27, 2020), and consistent with guidance from the SEC and FASB, the Corporation elected to delay implementation of ASU No. 2016-13, which was set to expire on December 31, 2020. However, the CAA (as discussed above) extended the temporary relief from CECL compliance to the earlier of the first day of the fiscal year that begins after the date on which the national emergency concerning COVID-19 terminates, or January 1, 2022. The Corporation elected to delay implementation of CECL following the approval of the CARES Act and, with the enactment of the CAA, the Corporation elected to adopt CECL on January 1, 2021. This allows the Corporation to utilize the CECL standard for the entire year of 2021, while its 2020 financial statements were prepared under the incurred loss model.
As of the adoption and day one measurement date of January 1, 2021, the Corporation recorded a one-time cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings, net of income taxes, on the consolidated balance sheet of $68.0 million. The allowance increased 57 percent from December 31, 2020, or $74.1 million, because it covered expected credit losses over the life of the loan portfolio, which approximates four years, and it included an allowance on all purchased loans that were previously excluded from the allowance for loan losses calculation. CECL also requires the establishment of a reserve for potential losses from unfunded commitments that is recorded in other liabilities, separate from allowance for credit losses, which was approximately $20.5 million. An allowance for credit losses of $245,000 was recorded on the state and municipal securities classified as held to maturity based on applying the long-term historical credit loss rate, as published by Moody’s, for similarly rated securities.
FASB Accounting Standards Updates No. 2019-11 - Codification Improvements to (Topic 326): Financial Instruments - Credit Losses
Summary - The FASB issued ASU No. 2019-11, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses in order to address issues raised by stakeholders during the implementation of ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses of Financial Instruments.
Among other narrow-scope improvements, the new ASU clarifies guidance around how to report expected recoveries. “Expected recoveries” describes a situation in which an organization recognizes a full or partial write-off of the amortized cost basis of a financial asset, but then later determines that the amount written off, or a portion of that amount, will in fact be recovered. While applying the credit losses standard, stakeholders questioned whether expected recoveries were permitted on assets that had already shown credit deterioration at the time of purchase (also known as PCD assets). In response to this question, the ASU permits organizations to record expected recoveries on PCD assets. In addition to other narrow technical improvements, the ASU also reinforces existing guidance that prohibits organizations from recording negative allowances for available-for-sale debt securities.
The ASU includes effective dates and transition requirements that vary depending on whether or not an entity has already adopted ASU No. 2016-13. As discussed above, pursuant to the CARES Act, the Corporation elected to defer the adoption of CECL. Additionally, the 2021 Consolidated Appropriations Act ("CAA"), signed into law on December 27, 2020, amended the CARES Act by extending the temporary relief from CECL compliance to the earlier of the first day of the fiscal year that begins after the date on which the national emergency concerning COVID-19 terminates, or January 1, 2022. The Corporation elected to delay implementation of CECL following the approval of the CARES Act and, with the enactment of the CAA, the Corporation elected to adopt CECL on January 1, 2021. The adoption of this standard did not have a significant effect on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements or disclosures.
12

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
Accounting Standards Update No. 2019-12 - Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes
Summary - The FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which is expected to reduce cost and complexity related to the accounting for income taxes.
The ASU removes specific exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 in Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). It eliminates the need for an organization to analyze whether the following apply in a given period:
• Exception to the incremental approach for intraperiod tax allocation;
• Exceptions to accounting for basis differences when there are ownership changes in foreign investments; and
• Exception in interim period income tax accounting for year-to-date losses that exceed anticipated losses.
The ASU also improves financial statement preparers’ application of income tax-related guidance and simplifies GAAP for:
• Franchise taxes that are partially based on income;
• Transactions with a government that result in a step up in the tax basis of goodwill
• Separate financial statements of legal entities that are not subject to tax; and
• Enacted changes in tax laws in interim periods.
The ASU is part of the FASB’s simplification initiative to make narrow-scope simplifications and improvements to accounting standards through a series of short-term projects. For public business entities, the ASU is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption of the ASU was permitted. The Corporation adopted this standard on January 1, 2021 and adoption of this standard did not have a significant effect on the Corporation's consolidated financial statements or disclosures.
New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
FASB Accounting Standards Updates - No. 2020-04 - Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting
Summary - The FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04 to provide temporary optional guidance to ease the potential burden in accounting for reference rate reform. LIBOR and other interbank offered rates are widely used benchmarks or reference rates in the United States and globally. Trillions of dollars in loans, derivatives, and other financial contracts reference LIBOR, the benchmark interest rate banks use to make short-term loans to each other. With global capital markets expected to move away from LIBOR and other interbank offered rates and move toward rates that are more observable or transaction based and less susceptible to manipulation, the FASB launched a broad project in late 2018 to address potential accounting challenges expected to arise from the transition. The new guidance provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles to contract modifications and hedging relationships, subject to meeting certain criteria, that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued. The ASU is intended to help stakeholders during the global market-wide reference rate transition period.
Entities may apply this ASU as of the beginning of an interim period that includes the March 12, 2020 issuance date of the ASU, through December 31, 2022. The Corporation expects to adopt the practical expedients included in the ASU prior to December 31, 2022. The Corporation is implementing a transition plan to identify and modify its loans and other financial instruments with attributes that are either directly or indirectly influenced by LIBOR. The Corporation is assessing ASU 2020-04 and its impact on the Corporation's transition away from LIBOR for its loans and other financial instruments.
FASB Accounting Standards Updates - Accounting Standards Update No. 2021-01 - Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Scope
Summary - The FASB has published ASU 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform. ASU 2021-01 clarifies that certain optional expedients and exceptions in Topic 848 for contract modifications and hedge accounting apply to derivatives that are affected by the discounting transition. The ASU also amends the expedients and exceptions in Topic 848 to capture the incremental consequences of the scope clarification and to tailor the existing guidance to derivative instruments affected by the discounting transition.
An entity may elect to apply the amendments in this Update on a full retrospective basis as of any date from the beginning of an interim period that includes or is subsequent to March 12, 2020, or on a prospective basis to new modifications from any date within an interim period that includes or is subsequent to the date of the issuance of a final Update, up to the date that financial statements are available to be issued.
If an entity elects to apply any of the amendments in this Update for an eligible hedging relationship, any adjustments as a result of those elections must be reflected as of the date the entity applies the election.
The amendments in this Update do not apply to contract modifications made after December 31, 2022, new hedging relationships entered into after December 31, 2022, and existing hedging relationships evaluated for effectiveness in periods after December 31, 2022, except for hedging relationships existing as of December 31, 2022, that apply certain optional expedients in which the accounting effects are recorded through the end of the hedging relationship (including periods after December 31, 2022). The Corporation is assessing ASU 2021-01 and its impact on the Corporation's transition away from LIBOR for its loans and other financial instruments.
13

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
NOTE 2
INVESTMENT SECURITIES
The following table summarizes the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and approximate fair value of investment securities available for sale as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

| Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  |  |  |
Available for sale at March 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury | $ | 1,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,000 |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities | 11,504 |  |  | 40 |  |  | 163 |  |  | 11,381 |  |  |  |  |
State and municipal | 1,301,378 |  |  | 67,438 |  |  | 2,654 |  |  | 1,366,162 |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities | 1,025,660 |  |  | 13,550 |  |  | 16,347 |  |  | 1,022,863 |  |  |  |  |
Corporate obligations | 4,031 |  |  | 153 |  |  | 22 |  |  | 4,162 |  |  |  |  |
Total available for sale | $ | 2,343,573 |  |  | $ | 81,181 |  |  | $ | 19,186 |  |  | $ | 2,405,568 |  |  |  |  |

| Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  |  |  |
Available for sale at December 31, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities | $ | 2,380 |  |  | $ | 50 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,430 |  |  |  |  |
State and municipal | 1,168,711 |  |  | 89,420 |  |  | 246 |  |  | 1,257,885 |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities | 632,267 |  |  | 22,505 |  |  | 103 |  |  | 654,669 |  |  |  |  |
Corporate obligations | 4,031 |  |  | 104 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,135 |  |  |  |  |
Total available for sale | $ | 1,807,389 |  |  | $ | 112,079 |  |  | $ | 349 |  |  | $ | 1,919,119 |  |  |  |  |

The following table summarizes the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, approximate fair value and allowance for credit losses on investment securities held to maturity as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

| Amortized Cost |  | Allowance for Credit Losses |  | Net Carrying Amount |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value
Held to maturity at March 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities | $ | 60,676 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 60,676 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 1,553 |  |  | 59,124 |
State and municipal | 624,553 |  |  | 245 |  |  | 624,308 |  |  | 23,154 |  |  | 3,389 |  |  | 644,318 |
U.S. Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities | 608,805 |  |  | — |  |  | 608,805 |  |  | 11,849 |  |  | 6,816 |  |  | 613,838 |
Foreign investment | 1,500 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,500 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,500 |
Total held to maturity | $ | 1,295,534 |  |  | $ | 245 |  |  | $ | 1,295,289 |  |  | $ | 35,004 |  |  | $ | 11,758 |  |  | $ | 1,318,780 |

| Amortized Cost |  | Allowance for Credit Losses |  | Net Carrying Amount |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value
Held to maturity at December 31, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities | $ | 31,087 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 31,087 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 113 |  |  | $ | 30,984 |
State and municipal | 619,927 |  |  | — |  |  | 619,927 |  |  | 34,978 |  |  | 32 |  |  | 654,873 |
U.S. Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities | 575,154 |  |  | — |  |  | 575,154 |  |  | 17,889 |  |  | 107 |  |  | 592,936 |
Foreign investment | 1,500 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,500 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,500 |
Total held to maturity | $ | 1,227,668 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,227,668 |  |  | $ | 52,877 |  |  | $ | 252 |  |  | $ | 1,280,293 |

Accrued interest on investment securities available for sale and held to maturity of $20.6 million are included in the Interest Receivable line on the Corporation's Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets. The total amount of accrued interest is excluded from the amortized cost of available for sale and held to maturity securities presented above.
14

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
In determining the allowance for credit losses on investment securities available for sale that are in an unrealized loss position, the Corporation first assesses whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through the income statement. For investment securities available for sale that do not meet the aforementioned criteria, the Corporation evaluates whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. In making this assessment, the Corporation considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, and adverse conditions specifically related to the security, among other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded for the credit loss, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Unrealized losses that have not been recorded through an allowance for credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive income. Adjustments to the allowance are reported in the income statement as a component of the provision for credit loss. The Corporation has made the accounting policy election to exclude accrued interest receivable on investment securities available for sale from the estimate of credit losses. Investment securities available for sale are charged off against the allowance or, in the absence of any allowance, written down through the income statement when deemed uncollectible or when either of the aforementioned criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met. The Corporation did not record an allowance for credit losses on its investment securities available for sale as the unrealized losses were attributable to changes in interest rates, not credit quality.
The allowance for credit losses on investment securities held to maturity is a contra asset-valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of investment securities held to maturity to present the net amount expected to be collected. Investment securities held to maturity are charged off against the allowance when deemed uncollectible. Adjustments to the allowance are reported in the income statement as a component of the provision for credit loss. The Corporation measures expected credit losses on investment securities held to maturity on a collective basis by major security type with each type sharing similar risk characteristics, and considers historical credit loss information that is adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The Corporation has made the accounting policy election to exclude accrued interest receivable on investment securities held to maturity from the estimate of credit losses. With regard to U.S. Government-sponsored agency and mortgage-backed securities, all these securities are issued by a U.S. government-sponsored entity and have an implicit or explicit government guarantee; therefore, no allowance for credit losses has been recorded for these securities.. With regard to securities issued by states and municipalities and other investment securities held to maturity, management considers (1) issuer bond ratings, (2) historical loss rates for given bond ratings, (3) the financial condition of the issuer, and (4) whether issuers continue to make timely principal and interest payments under the contractual terms of the securities. Historical loss rates associated with securities having similar grades as those in the Corporation's portfolio have been insignificant. Furthermore, as of March 31, 2021, there were no past due principal and interest payments associated with these securities. An allowance for credit losses of $245,000 was recorded on the state and municipal securities classified as held to maturity based on applying the long-term historical credit loss rate, as published by Moody’s, for similarly rated securities.
On a quarterly basis, the Corporation monitors the credit quality of investment securities held to maturity through the use of credit ratings. The following table summarizes the amortized cost of investment securities held to maturity at March 31, 2021, aggregated by credit quality indicator.

| Held to Maturity
| State and municipal |  | Other |  | Total
Credit Rating: |  |  |  |  |
Aaa | $ | 48,689 |  |  | $ | 60,676 |  |  | $ | 109,365 |
Aa1 | 84,954 |  |  | — |  |  | 84,954 |
Aa2 | 107,436 |  |  | — |  |  | 107,436 |
Aa3 | 72,969 |  |  | — |  |  | 72,969 |
A1 | 65,578 |  |  | — |  |  | 65,578 |
A2 | 19,074 |  |  | — |  |  | 19,074 |
A3 | 1,065 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,065 |
Baa2 | 528 |  |  | — |  |  | 528 |
Non-rated | 224,260 |  |  | 610,305 |  |  | 834,565 |
Total | $ | 624,553 |  |  | $ | 670,981 |  |  | $ | 1,295,534 |

The following table details activity in the allowance for credit losses on investment securities held to maturity during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

| State and municipal |
Allowance for Credit Losses: |  |
Balance, December 31, 2020 | $ | — |  |
Impact of adopting ASC 326 | 245 |  |
Provision for credit loss | — |  |
Securities charged off | — |  |
Recoveries on securities | — |  |
Balance, March 31, 2021 | $ | 245 |  |

15

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
The following tables summarize, as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, investment securities available for sale in an unrealized loss position for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded, aggregated by security type and length of time in a continuous unrealized loss position.

| Less than 12 Months |  | 12 Months or Longer |  | Total
| Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses
Investment securities available for sale at March 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities | $ | 9,837 |  |  | $ | 163 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9,837 |  |  | $ | 163 |
State and municipal | 172,655 |  |  | 2,654 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 172,655 |  |  | 2,654 |
U.S. Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities | 606,498 |  |  | 16,347 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 606,498 |  |  | 16,347 |
Corporate obligations | 978 |  |  | 22 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 978 |  |  | 22 |
Total investment securities available for sale | $ | 789,968 |  |  | $ | 19,186 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 789,968 |  |  | $ | 19,186 |

| Less than 12 Months |  | 12 Months or Longer |  | Total
| Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses
Investment securities available for sale at December 31, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
State and municipal | $ | 5,368 |  |  | $ | 246 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,368 |  |  | $ | 246 |
U.S. Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities | 9,651 |  |  | 103 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,651 |  |  | 103 |
Total investment securities available for sale | $ | 15,019 |  |  | $ | 349 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 15,019 |  |  | $ | 349 |

Certain investment securities available for sale are reported in the financial statements at an amount less than their historical cost as indicated in the table below.

| March 31, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Investments available for sale reported at less than historical cost: |  |  |
Historical cost | $ | 809,154 |  |  | $ | 15,368 |
Fair value | 789,968 |  |  | 15,019 |
Gross unrealized losses | $ | 19,186 |  |  | $ | 349 |
Percent of the Corporation's investments available for sale | 21.4 | % |  | 0.5 | %

In determining the fair value of the investment securities portfolio, the Corporation utilizes a third party for portfolio accounting services, including market value input, for those securities classified as Level I and Level II in the fair value hierarchy. The Corporation has obtained an understanding of what inputs are being used by the vendor in pricing the portfolio and how the vendor classified these securities based upon these inputs. From these discussions, the Corporation’s management is comfortable that the classifications are proper. The Corporation has gained trust in the data for two reasons: (a) independent spot testing of the data is conducted by the Corporation through obtaining market quotes from various brokers on a periodic basis; and (b) actual gains or loss resulting from the sale of certain securities has proven the data to be accurate over time. Fair value of securities classified as Level 3 in the valuation hierarchy was determined using a discounted cash flow model that incorporated market estimates of interest rates and volatility in markets that have not been active.
U.S. Government-Sponsored Mortgage-Backed Securities
The unrealized losses on the Corporation's investment in mortgage-backed securities were a result of interest rate changes. The Corporation expects to recover the amortized cost basis over the term of the securities. Because the decline in market value is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and because the Corporation does not intend to sell the investments and it is not more likely than not that the Corporation will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be maturity. As noted in the table above, the mortgage-backed securities portfolio contains unrealized losses of $16.3 million on fifty-five securities in the available for sale portfolio. All these securities are issued by a government-sponsored entity.
16

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
State and Municipal Securities, U.S. Government-Sponsored Agency Securities and Corporate Obligation Securities
The unrealized losses on the Corporation's investments in securities of state and political subdivisions, U.S. Government-Sponsored Agency securities and corporate obligations were caused by interest rate increases. The contractual terms of those investments do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than the amortized cost basis of the investments. The Corporation does not intend to sell the investments and it is not more likely than not that the Corporation will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be maturity. As noted in the table above, the state and municipal securities portfolio contains unrealized losses of $2.7 million on one hundred eight securities in the available for sale portfolio. The U.S. government-sponsored agency securities portfolio contains unrealized losses of $163,000 on two securities in the available for sale portfolio. The corporate obligation securities portfolio contains unrealized losses of $22,000 on one security in the available for sale portfolio.
The amortized cost and fair value of investment securities available for sale and held to maturity at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, by contractual maturity are shown below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Securities not due at a single maturity are shown separately.

| Available for Sale |  | Held to Maturity
| Amortized Cost |  | Fair Value |  | Amortized Cost |  | Fair Value
Maturity Distribution at March 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Due in one year or less | $ | 2,062 |  |  | $ | 2,071 |  |  | $ | 9,056 |  |  | $ | 9,068 |
Due after one through five years | 4,781 |  |  | 4,960 |  |  | 23,116 |  |  | 24,084 |
Due after five through ten years | 92,598 |  |  | 96,882 |  |  | 151,103 |  |  | 154,819 |
Due after ten years | 1,218,472 |  |  | 1,278,792 |  |  | 503,454 |  |  | 516,971 |
| 1,317,913 |  |  | 1,382,705 |  |  | 686,729 |  |  | 704,942 |
U.S. Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities | 1,025,660 |  |  | 1,022,863 |  |  | 608,805 |  |  | 613,838 |
Total investment securities | $ | 2,343,573 |  |  | $ | 2,405,568 |  |  | $ | 1,295,534 |  |  | $ | 1,318,780 |

| Available for Sale |  | Held to Maturity
| Amortized Cost |  | Fair Value |  | Amortized Cost |  | Fair Value
Maturity Distribution at December 31, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Due in one year or less | $ | 1,349 |  |  | $ | 1,353 |  |  | $ | 9,712 |  |  | $ | 9,755 |
Due after one through five years | 5,545 |  |  | 5,764 |  |  | 22,241 |  |  | 23,190 |
Due after five through ten years | 70,777 |  |  | 75,223 |  |  | 115,408 |  |  | 121,333 |
Due after ten years | 1,097,451 |  |  | 1,182,110 |  |  | 505,153 |  |  | 533,079 |
| 1,175,122 |  |  | 1,264,450 |  |  | 652,514 |  |  | 687,357 |
U.S. Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities | 632,267 |  |  | 654,669 |  |  | 575,154 |  |  | 592,936 |
Total investment securities | $ | 1,807,389 |  |  | $ | 1,919,119 |  |  | $ | 1,227,668 |  |  | $ | 1,280,293 |

Securities with a carrying value of approximately $999.2 million and $890.0 million were pledged at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, to secure certain deposits and securities sold under repurchase agreements, and for other purposes as permitted or required by law.
The book value of securities sold under agreements to repurchase amounted to $178.2 million at March 31, 2021 and $167.3 million at
December 31, 2020.
Gross gains on the sales and redemptions of investment securities available for sale for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 are shown below.

| Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  |  |  |
Sales and redemptions of investment securities available for sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross gains | $ | 2,076 |  |  | $ | 4,612 |  |  |  |  |
Gross losses | 277 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Net gains on sales and redemptions of investment securities available for sale | $ | 1,799 |  |  | $ | 4,612 |  |  |  |  |

17

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
NOTE 3
LOANS AND ALLOWANCE
Loan Portfolio and Credit Quality
The Corporation's primary lending focus is small business and middle market commercial, commercial real estate and residential real estate, which results in portfolio diversification. The following tables show the composition of the loan portfolio and credit quality characteristics by collateral classification, excluding loans held for sale. Loans held for sale at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, were $4.4 million and $4.0 million, respectively.
The following table illustrates the composition of the Corporation’s loan portfolio by loan class for the periods indicated:

| March 31, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Commercial and industrial loans | $ | 2,876,212 |  |  | $ | 2,776,699 |
Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers | 245,631 |  |  | 281,884 |
Real estate loans: |  |  |
Construction | 541,224 |  |  | 484,723 |
Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied | 2,178,832 |  |  | 2,220,949 |
Commercial real estate, owner occupied | 950,038 |  |  | 958,501 |
Residential | 1,239,925 |  |  | 1,234,741 |
Home equity | 482,229 |  |  | 508,259 |
Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures | 126,387 |  |  | 129,479 |
Public finance and other commercial loans | 677,750 |  |  | 647,939 |
Loans | $ | 9,318,228 |  |  | $ | 9,243,174 |

As of March 31, 2021, the Corporation had $741.7 million of Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") loans compared to the December 31, 2020 balance of $667.1 million. PPP loans are included in the commercial and industrial loan class. Additional details of the PPP are included in The CARES Act and the Paycheck Protection Program section of the "COVID-19 UPDATE" section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included on this Form 10-Q.
Credit Quality
As part of the ongoing monitoring of the credit quality of the Corporation's loan portfolio, management tracks certain credit quality indicators including trends related to: (i) the level of criticized commercial loans, (ii) net charge-offs, (iii) non-performing loans, (iv) covenant failures and (v) the general national and local economic conditions.
The Corporation utilizes a risk grading of pass, special mention, substandard, doubtful and loss to assess the overall credit quality of large commercial loans. All large commercial credit grades are reviewed at a minimum of once a year for pass grade loans. Loans with grades below pass are reviewed more frequently depending on the grade. A description of the general characteristics of these grades is as follows:
•Pass - Loans that are considered to be of acceptable credit quality.
•Special Mention - Loans which possess some credit deficiency or potential weakness, which deserves close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the Corporation's credit position at some future date. Special mention assets are not adversely classified and do not expose the Corporation to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification.
•Substandard - A substandard loan is inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets so classified have a well-defined weakness that jeopardizes the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Corporation will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.
•Doubtful - Loans that have all of the weaknesses of those classified as Substandard. However, based on currently existing facts, conditions and values, these weaknesses make full collection of principal highly questionable and improbable.
•Loss – Loans that are considered uncollectible and of such little value that continuing to carry them as an asset is not warranted. Loans will be classified as Loss when it is neither practical or desirable to defer writing off or reserving all or a portion of a basically worthless asset, even though partial recovery may be possible at some time in the future.
18

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
The following tables summarize the risk grading of the Corporation’s loan portfolio by loan class and by year of origination for the years indicated. Consumer loans are not risk graded. For the purposes of this disclosure the consumer loans are classified in the following manner: loans that are less than 30 days past due are Pass, loans 30-89 days past due are Special Mention and loans greater than 89 days past due are Substandard. The entire balance of a loan is considered delinquent if the minimum payment contractually required to be made is not received by the specified due date. Loans that evidenced deterioration of credit quality since origination and it was probable, at acquisition, that all contractually required payments would not be collected are included in the applicable categories below. Outstanding loan balances as of March 31, 2021 with an origination year of 2021 and 2020 include PPP loans of $293.1 million and $448.6 million, respectively.

| Term Loans (amortized cost basis by origination year) |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | Prior |  | Revolving loans amortized cost basis |  |  |  | Total
Commercial and industrial loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | $ | 451,747 |  |  | $ | 1,101,622 |  |  | $ | 265,685 |  |  | $ | 121,416 |  |  | $ | 47,101 |  |  | $ | 64,093 |  |  | $ | 634,146 |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,685,810 |
Special Mention | 7,735 |  |  | 50,704 |  |  | 1,421 |  |  | 7,435 |  |  | 2,306 |  |  | 2,326 |  |  | 29,255 |  |  |  |  | 101,182 |
Substandard | 1,891 |  |  | 4,946 |  |  | 6,319 |  |  | 606 |  |  | 469 |  |  | 1,394 |  |  | 73,595 |  |  |  |  | 89,220 |
Total Commercial and industrial loans | $ | 461,373 |  |  | $ | 1,157,272 |  |  | $ | 273,425 |  |  | $ | 129,457 |  |  | $ | 49,876 |  |  | $ | 67,813 |  |  | $ | 736,996 |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,876,212 |
Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | 22,570 |  |  | 58,620 |  |  | 26,146 |  |  | 11,864 |  |  | 8,821 |  |  | 49,646 |  |  | 45,626 |  |  |  |  | 223,293 |
Special Mention | 151 |  |  | 621 |  |  | 186 |  |  | 2,151 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,347 |  |  | 8,824 |  |  |  |  | 15,280 |
Substandard | — |  |  | 4,116 |  |  | 64 |  |  | 125 |  |  | 717 |  |  | 877 |  |  | 1,159 |  |  |  |  | 7,058 |
Total Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers | $ | 22,721 |  |  | $ | 63,357 |  |  | $ | 26,396 |  |  | $ | 14,140 |  |  | $ | 9,538 |  |  | $ | 53,870 |  |  | $ | 55,609 |  |  |  |  | $ | 245,631 |
Real estate loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | 60,800 |  |  | 208,852 |  |  | 165,903 |  |  | 68,816 |  |  | 3,104 |  |  | 1,945 |  |  | 17,184 |  |  |  |  | 526,604 |
Special Mention | — |  |  | 10,118 |  |  | — |  |  | 63 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 30 |  |  |  |  | 10,211 |
Substandard | 4,391 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 18 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 4,409 |
Total Construction | $ | 65,191 |  |  | $ | 218,970 |  |  | $ | 165,903 |  |  | $ | 68,879 |  |  | $ | 3,104 |  |  | $ | 1,963 |  |  | $ | 17,214 |  |  |  |  | $ | 541,224 |
Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | 93,726 |  |  | 933,226 |  |  | 275,343 |  |  | 225,971 |  |  | 141,947 |  |  | 196,284 |  |  | 25,454 |  |  |  |  | 1,891,951 |
Special Mention | 9,544 |  |  | 169,291 |  |  | 13,242 |  |  | 990 |  |  | — |  |  | 112 |  |  | 1,250 |  |  |  |  | 194,429 |
Substandard | 238 |  |  | 38,545 |  |  | 24,741 |  |  | 11,585 |  |  | 7,840 |  |  | 9,503 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 92,452 |
Total Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied | $ | 103,508 |  |  | $ | 1,141,062 |  |  | $ | 313,326 |  |  | $ | 238,546 |  |  | $ | 149,787 |  |  | $ | 205,899 |  |  | $ | 26,704 |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,178,832 |
Commercial real estate, owner occupied |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | 51,710 |  |  | 481,355 |  |  | 122,017 |  |  | 57,531 |  |  | 60,587 |  |  | 89,802 |  |  | 39,729 |  |  |  |  | 902,731 |
Special Mention | 45 |  |  | 10,174 |  |  | 2,606 |  |  | 1,646 |  |  | 2,242 |  |  | 1,178 |  |  | 149 |  |  |  |  | 18,040 |
Substandard | 5,079 |  |  | 19,107 |  |  | 154 |  |  | 2,179 |  |  | 723 |  |  | 1,979 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 29,221 |
Loss | 46 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 46 |
Total Commercial real estate, owner occupied | $ | 56,880 |  |  | $ | 510,636 |  |  | $ | 124,777 |  |  | $ | 61,356 |  |  | $ | 63,552 |  |  | $ | 92,959 |  |  | $ | 39,878 |  |  |  |  | $ | 950,038 |
Residential |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | 171,109 |  |  | 398,112 |  |  | 148,457 |  |  | 101,627 |  |  | 88,700 |  |  | 314,130 |  |  | 3,873 |  |  |  |  | 1,226,008 |
Special Mention | 349 |  |  | 982 |  |  | — |  |  | 588 |  |  | 82 |  |  | 1,313 |  |  | 93 |  |  |  |  | 3,407 |
Substandard | 485 |  |  | 3,152 |  |  | 518 |  |  | 1,355 |  |  | 372 |  |  | 4,628 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 10,510 |
Total Residential | $ | 171,943 |  |  | $ | 402,246 |  |  | $ | 148,975 |  |  | $ | 103,570 |  |  | $ | 89,154 |  |  | $ | 320,071 |  |  | $ | 3,966 |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,239,925 |
Home equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | 2,673 |  |  | 20,032 |  |  | 2,577 |  |  | 2,930 |  |  | 1,786 |  |  | 5,085 |  |  | 442,166 |  |  |  |  | 477,249 |
Special Mention | — |  |  | 91 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 59 |  |  | 2,588 |  |  |  |  | 2,738 |
Substandard | 403 |  |  | 151 |  |  | — |  |  | 13 |  |  | 129 |  |  | 195 |  |  | 1,351 |  |  |  |  | 2,242 |
Total Home Equity | $ | 3,076 |  |  | $ | 20,274 |  |  | $ | 2,577 |  |  | $ | 2,943 |  |  | $ | 1,915 |  |  | $ | 5,339 |  |  | $ | 446,105 |  |  |  |  | $ | 482,229 |
Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | 16,786 |  |  | 38,678 |  |  | 24,201 |  |  | 18,482 |  |  | 4,383 |  |  | 7,550 |  |  | 15,996 |  |  |  |  | 126,076 |
Special Mention | — |  |  | 68 |  |  | 75 |  |  | 35 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 33 |  |  | 4 |  |  |  |  | 223 |
Substandard | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 87 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 88 |
Total Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures | $ | 16,786 |  |  | $ | 38,747 |  |  | $ | 24,363 |  |  | $ | 18,517 |  |  | $ | 4,391 |  |  | $ | 7,583 |  |  | $ | 16,000 |  |  |  |  | $ | 126,387 |
Public finance and other commercial loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | 21,613 |  |  | 191,808 |  |  | 128,844 |  |  | 39,837 |  |  | 130,856 |  |  | 151,403 |  |  | 13,389 |  |  |  |  | 677,750 |
Total Public finance and other commercial loans | $ | 21,613 |  |  | $ | 191,808 |  |  | $ | 128,844 |  |  | $ | 39,837 |  |  | $ | 130,856 |  |  | $ | 151,403 |  |  | $ | 13,389 |  |  |  |  | $ | 677,750 |
Loans | $ | 923,091 |  |  | $ | 3,744,372 |  |  | $ | 1,208,586 |  |  | $ | 677,245 |  |  | $ | 502,173 |  |  | $ | 906,900 |  |  | $ | 1,355,861 |  |  |  |  | $ | 9,318,228 |

19

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)

| December 31, 2020
| Commercial Pass |  | Commercial Special Mention |  | Commercial Substandard |  | Commercial Doubtful |  | Commercial Loss |  | Consumer Performing |  | Consumer Non-Performing |  | Total
Commercial and industrial loans | $ | 2,562,077 |  |  | $ | 117,503 |  |  | $ | 97,119 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,776,699 |
Agricultural production financing and other loans to farmers | 243,991 |  |  | 26,835 |  |  | 9,885 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,173 |  |  | — |  |  | 281,884 |
Real estate Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction | 446,846 |  |  | 10,445 |  |  | 5,549 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 21,763 |  |  | 120 |  |  | 484,723 |
Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied | 1,979,827 |  |  | 160,304 |  |  | 80,818 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,220,949 |
Commercial real estate, owner occupied | 907,566 |  |  | 17,641 |  |  | 33,294 |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 958,501 |
Residential | 199,338 |  |  | 2,261 |  |  | 7,058 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,020,687 |  |  | 5,397 |  |  | 1,234,741 |
Home equity | 12,714 |  |  | — |  |  | 989 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 492,999 |  |  | 1,557 |  |  | 508,259 |
Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 129,440 |  |  | 39 |  |  | 129,479 |
Public finance and other commercial loans | 647,939 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 647,939 |
Loans | $ | 7,000,298 |  |  | $ | 334,989 |  |  | $ | 234,712 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,666,062 |  | 1666062 | $ | 7,113 |  |  | $ | 9,243,174 |

At March 31, 2021, 30-59 Days Past Due loans totaled $55.6 million, an increase of $36.0 million from December 31, 2020. The primary increase was in the commercial real estate, non-owner occupied segment and is related to four relationships. Three of the relationships are multi-family units totaling $24.1 million and the fourth relationship is a hotel totaling $21.0 million. At March 31, 2021, the 60-89 Days Past Due category totaled $3.0 million, a decrease of $8.2 million from December 31, 2020. The primary decrease was related to a $5.0 million commercial and industrial loan that was current as of March 31, 2021. The 90 Days or More Past Due bucket totaled $47.4 million at March 31, 2021, an increase of $5.4 million from December 31, 2020. The primary increase was related to a $13.0 million nursing home loan within the commercial real estate, non-owner occupied segment, that was current at December 31, 2020, but has moved into the 90+ Days Past Due bucket. This was offset by a $3.7 million loan within the same segment that was 90+ Days Past Due at December 31, 2020, but has since paid off. The tables below show a past due aging of the Corporation’s loan portfolio, by loan class, for the years indicated:

| March 31, 2021
| Current |  | 30-59 Days Past Due |  | 60-89 Days Past Due |  | 90 Days or More Past Due |  | Total |  | Loans > 90 Days or More Past Due And Accruing
Commercial and industrial loans | $ | 2,870,436 |  |  | $ | 4,545 |  |  | $ | 19 |  |  | $ | 1,212 |  |  | $ | 2,876,212 |  |  | $ | — |
Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers | 244,403 |  |  | 114 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,114 |  |  | 245,631 |  |  | — |
Real estate loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction | 540,648 |  |  | 560 |  |  | — |  |  | 16 |  |  | 541,224 |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied | 2,094,103 |  |  | 45,942 |  |  | 434 |  |  | 38,353 |  |  | 2,178,832 |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate, owner occupied | 946,423 |  |  | 792 |  |  | 1,096 |  |  | 1,727 |  |  | 950,038 |  |  | 1,032 |
Residential | 1,234,473 |  |  | 1,582 |  |  | 377 |  |  | 3,493 |  |  | 1,239,925 |  |  | — |
Home equity | 477,927 |  |  | 1,906 |  |  | 1,010 |  |  | 1,386 |  |  | 482,229 |  |  | 60 |
Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures | 126,075 |  |  | 181 |  |  | 42 |  |  | 89 |  |  | 126,387 |  |  | 1 |
Public finance and other commercial loans | 677,750 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 677,750 |  |  | — |
Loans | $ | 9,212,238 |  |  | $ | 55,622 |  |  | $ | 2,978 |  |  | $ | 47,390 |  |  | $ | 9,318,228 |  |  | $ | 1,093 |

| December 31, 2020
| Current |  | 30-59 Days Past Due |  | 60-89 Days Past Due |  | 90 Days or More Past Due |  | Total |  | Loans > 90 Days or More Past Due And Accruing
Commercial and industrial loans | $ | 2,761,473 |  |  | $ | 5,866 |  |  | $ | 6,571 |  |  | $ | 2,789 |  |  | $ | 2,776,699 |  |  | $ | 594 |
Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers | 280,615 |  |  | 146 |  |  | 226 |  |  | 897 |  |  | 281,884 |  |  | — |
Real estate loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |
Construction | 484,706 |  |  | — |  |  | 17 |  |  | — |  |  | 484,723 |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied | 2,184,681 |  |  | 2,525 |  |  | 2,109 |  |  | 31,634 |  |  | 2,220,949 |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate, owner occupied | 951,561 |  |  | 4,854 |  |  | 180 |  |  | 1,906 |  |  | 958,501 |  |  | — |
Residential | 1,226,779 |  |  | 3,269 |  |  | 1,429 |  |  | 3,264 |  |  | 1,234,741 |  |  | 133 |
Home equity | 503,596 |  |  | 2,644 |  |  | 559 |  |  | 1,460 |  |  | 508,259 |  |  | 19 |
Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures | 129,049 |  |  | 334 |  |  | 96 |  |  | — |  |  | 129,479 |  |  | — |
Public finance and other commercial loans | 647,939 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 647,939 |  |  | — |
Loans | $ | 9,170,399 |  |  | $ | 19,638 |  |  | $ | 11,187 |  |  | $ | 41,950 |  |  | $ | 9,243,174 |  |  | $ | 746 |

20

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
Loans are reclassified to a non-accruing status when, in management’s judgment, the collateral value and financial condition of the borrower do not justify accruing interest. All unpaid accrued interest is reversed against earnings when considered uncollectible and at the time accrual is discontinued. Payments subsequently received on non-accrual loans are applied to principal. A loan is returned to accrual status when principal and interest are no longer past due and collectability is probable, typically after a minimum of six consecutive months of performance.
The following table summarizes the Corporation’s non-accrual loans by loan class for the periods indicated:

| March 31, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020 |
| Non-Accrual Loans |  | Non-Accrual Loans with no Allowance for Credit Losses |  | Non-Accrual Loans |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial loans | $ | 1,671 |  |  | $ | 786 |  |  | $ | 2,329 |  |  |  |  |
Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers | 1,220 |  |  | 561 |  |  | 1,012 |  |  |  |  |
Real estate loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction | 18 |  |  | — |  |  | 123 |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied | 44,143 |  |  | 1,853 |  |  | 46,316 |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate, owner occupied | 1,760 |  |  | 1,513 |  |  | 3,040 |  |  |  |  |
Residential | 6,336 |  |  | 835 |  |  | 6,517 |  |  |  |  |
Home equity | 2,650 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,095 |  |  |  |  |
Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures | 125 |  |  | — |  |  | 39 |  |  |  |  |
Loans | $ | 57,923 |  |  | $ | 5,548 |  |  | $ | 61,471 |  |  |  |  |

There was no interest income recognized on non-accrual loans for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Determining fair value for collateral dependent loans requires obtaining a current independent appraisal of the collateral and applying a discount factor, which includes selling costs if applicable, to the value. The fair value of real estate is generally based on appraisals by qualified licensed appraisers. The appraisers typically determine the value of the real estate by utilizing an income or market valuation approach. If an appraisal is not available, the fair value may be determined by using a cash flow analysis. Fair value on other collateral such as business assets is typically ascertained by assessing, either singularly or some combination of, asset appraisals, accounts receivable aging reports, inventory listings and or customer financial statements. Both appraised values and values based on borrower’s financial information are discounted as considered appropriate based on age and quality of the information and current market conditions.
The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses:

| March 31, 2021 |  |
| Commercial Real Estate |  | Residential Real Estate |  | Other |  | Total |  | Allowance on Collateral Dependent Loans
Commercial and industrial loans | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,202 |  |  | $ | 2,202 |  |  | $ | — |
Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers | 780 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 780 |  |  | — |
Real estate loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied | 45,188 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 45,188 |  |  | 5,561 |
Commercial real estate, owner occupied | 3,539 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,539 |  |  | — |
Residential | — |  |  | 3,113 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,113 |  |  | 356 |
Home equity | — |  |  | 452 |  |  | — |  |  | 452 |  |  | 77 |
Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |
Loans | $ | 49,507 |  |  | $ | 3,565 |  |  | $ | 2,204 |  |  | $ | 55,276 |  |  | $ | 5,994 |

21

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
As detailed in NOTE 1. GENERAL of these Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements, the Bank's banking regulators issued guidance in March 2020 encouraging financial institutions to work prudently with borrowers who are or may be unable to meet their contractual payment obligations due to the effects of COVID-19. Additionally, Section 4013 of the CARES Act had further provided that a qualified loan modification is exempt by law from classification as a troubled debt restructure as defined by GAAP, from the period beginning March 1, 2020 until the earlier of December 31, 2020 or the date that is 60 days after the date on which the national emergency concerning the COVID-19 outbreak under the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.) terminates. In accordance with that guidance, the Bank has offered short-term modifications made in response to COVID-19 to borrowers who were current and otherwise not past due. These included short-term, 180 days or less, modifications in the form of payment deferrals, fee waivers, extensions of repayment terms, or other delays in payment that are insignificant. The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 extended the expiration date for COVID-related loan modifications exempt from troubled debt restructuring classification until the earlier of January 1, 2022, or 60 days after the termination of the national emergency. Details of the Corporation's modifications are included in the "LOAN QUALITY" section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included on this Form 10-Q.
In certain loan restructuring situations, the Corporation may grant a concession to a debtor experiencing financial difficulty, resulting in a troubled debt restructuring. A concession is deemed to be granted when, as a result of the restructuring, the Corporation does not expect to collect all original amounts due, including interest accrued at the original contract rate. If the payment of principal at original maturity is primarily dependent on the value of collateral, the current value of the collateral is considered in determining whether the principal will be repaid.
The following tables summarize troubled debt restructures in the Corporation's loan portfolio that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2021. No troubled debt restructures in the Corporation's loan portfolio occurred in the three months ended March 31, 2020.

|  |  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
| Pre- Modification Recorded Balance |  | Term Modification |  | Rate Modification |  | Combination |  | Post - Modification Recorded Balance |  | Number of Loans
Commercial and industrial | $ | 348 |  |  | $ | 348 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 348 |  |  | 2
Real estate loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential | 625 |  | 383 |  | 126 |  | 118 |  | 627 |  | 7
Total | $ | 973 |  |  | $ | 731 |  |  | $ | 126 |  |  | $ | 118 |  |  | $ | 975 |  |  | 9

Loans secured by 1- 4 family residential real estate made up 64 percent of the post-modification balances of the troubled debt restructured loans that occurred during the three months ending March 31, 2021.
The following tables summarize troubled debt restructures that occurred during the twelve months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, that subsequently defaulted during the period indicated and remained in default at period end. For purposes of this schedule, a loan is considered in default if it is 30-days or more past due.

| Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 |  |
| Number of Loans |  | Recorded Balance |  |  |  |
Real estate loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential | 5 |  |  | $ | 197 |  |  |  |  |
Home equity | 1 |  |  | 91 |  |  |  |  |
Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures | 1 |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |
Total | 7 |  |  | $ | 290 |  |  |  |  |

| Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 |  |
| Number of Loans |  | Recorded Balance |  |  |  |
Real estate loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential | 1 |  |  | $ | 22 |  |  |  |  |
Total | 1 |  |  | $ | 22 |  |  |  |  |

Commercial troubled debt restructured loans risk graded special mention, substandard, doubtful and loss are individually evaluated for apparent loss and may result in a specific reserve allocation in the allowance for credit loss. Commercial troubled debt restructures that aren't individually evaluated for a specific reserve are included in the calculation of allowance for credit losses through the loan segment loss analysis.
For all consumer loan modifications, an evaluation to identify if a troubled debt restructure has occurred is performed prior to making the modification. Any subsequent deterioration is addressed through the charge-off process or through a specific reserve allocation included in the allowance for credit loss. Consumer troubled debt restructures that are not individually evaluated for a specific reserve are included in the calculation of the allowance for credit losses through the loan segment loss analysis. Consumer loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings are in process totaled $3.3 million and $507,000 at March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, respectively.
22

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans
The Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans ("ACL - Loans") is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of loans to present the net amount expected to be collected on loans over the contractual term. The ACL - Loans is adjusted by the provision for credit losses, which is reported in earnings, and reduced by charge offs for loans, net or recoveries. Provision for credit losses on loans reflects the totality of actions taken on all loans for a particular period including any necessary increases or decreases in the allowance related to changes in credit loss expectations associated with specific loans or pools of loans. Loans are charged off against the allowance when the uncollectibility of the loan is confirmed. Expected recoveries do not exceed the aggregate of amounts previously charged off and expected to be charged off.
The allowance represents the Corporation’s best estimate of current expected credit losses on loans using relevant available information, from internal and external sources, related to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Historical credit loss experience provides the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses. The current expected credit loss ("CECL") calculation is performed and evaluated quarterly and losses are estimated over the expected life of the loan. The level of the allowance for credit losses is believed to be adequate to absorb all expected future losses inherent in the loan portfolio at the measurement date.
In calculating the allowance for credit losses, the loan portfolio was pooled into ten loan segments with similar risk characteristics. Common characteristics include the type or purpose of the loan, underlying collateral and historical/expected credit loss patterns. In developing the loan segments, the Corporation analyzed the degree of correlation in how loans within each portfolio respond when subjected to varying economic conditions and scenarios as well as other portfolio stress factors.
The expected credit losses are measured over the life of each loan segment utilizing the Probability of Default / Loss Given Default methodology combined with economic forecast models to estimate the current expected credit loss inherent in the loan portfolio. This approach is also leveraged to estimate the expected credit losses associated with unfunded loan commitments incorporating expected utilization rates.
The Corporation sub-segmented certain commercial portfolios by risk level and certain consumer portfolios by delinquency status where appropriate. The Corporation utilized a four-quarter reasonable and supportable economic forecast period followed by a six-quarter, straight-line reversion period to the historical macroeconomic mean for the remaining life of the loans. Econometric modeling was performed using historical default rates and a selection of economic forecast scenarios published by Moody’s to develop a range of estimated credit losses for which to determine the best credit loss estimate within. Macroeconomic factors utilized in the modeling process include the national unemployment rate, BBB US corporate index, CRE price index and the home price index.
The Corporation qualitatively adjusts model results for risk factors that are not inherently considered in the quantitative modeling process, but are nonetheless relevant in assessing the expected credit losses within the loan portfolio. These adjustments may increase or decrease the estimate of expected credit losses based upon the assessed level of risk for each qualitative factor. The various risks that may be considered in making qualitative adjustments include, among other things, the impact of (i) changes in the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, (ii) changes in the existence, growth and effect of any concentrations in credit, (iii) changes in lending policies and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards and practices for collections, write-offs, and recoveries, (iv) changes in the quality of the credit review function, (v) changes in the experience, ability and depth of lending management and staff, and (vi) other environmental factors such as regulatory, legal and technological considerations, as well as competition.
In some cases, management may determine that an individual loan exhibits unique risk characteristics which differentiate the loan from other loans within the loan segments. In such cases, the loans are evaluated for expected credit losses on an individual basis and excluded from the collective evaluation. Specific reserve allocations of the allowance for credit losses are determined by analyzing the borrower’s ability to repay amounts owed, collateral deficiencies, the relative risk grade of the loan and economic conditions affecting the borrower’s industry, among other things. A loan is considered to be collateral dependent when, based upon management's assessment, the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral. In such cases, expected credit losses are based on the fair value of the collateral at the measurement date, adjusted for estimated selling costs if satisfaction of the loan depends on the sale of the collateral. The fair value of collateral supporting collateral dependent loans is evaluated on a quarterly basis.
No allowance for credit losses has been recognized for PPP loans as such loans are fully guaranteed by the Small Business Administration ("SBA").
The risk characteristics of the Corporation’s portfolio segments are as follows:
Commercial
Commercial lending is primarily based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower. The cash flows of borrowers, however, may not be as expected and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. Most commercial loans are secured by the tangible assets being financed such as equipment or real estate or other business assets such as accounts receivable or inventory and may incorporate a personal guarantee. Other loans may be unsecured, secured but under-collateralized or otherwise made on the basis of the enterprise value of an organization. In the case of loans secured by accounts receivable, the availability of funds for the repayment of these loans may be substantially dependent on the ability of the borrower to collect amounts due from its customers.
Commercial real estate
Commercial real estate loans are viewed primarily as cash flow loans and secondarily as loans secured by real estate. Commercial real estate lending typically involves higher loan principal amounts and the repayment of these loans is generally dependent on the successful operation of the property securing the loan or the business conducted on the property securing the loan. The Corporation monitors commercial real estate loans based on collateral and risk grade criteria, as well as the levels of owner-occupied versus non-owner occupied loans.
23

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
Construction
Construction loans are underwritten utilizing a combination of tools and techniques including feasibility and market studies, independent appraisals and appraisal reviews, absorption and interest rate sensitivity analysis as well as the financial analysis of the developer and all guarantors. Construction loans are monitored by either in house or third party inspectors limiting advances to a percentage of costs or stabilized project value. These loans frequently involve the disbursement of significant funds with the repayment dependent upon the successful completion and, where necessary, the future stabilization of the project. The predominant inherent risk of this portfolio is associated with the borrower's ability to successfully complete a project on time, within budget and stabilize the projected as originally projected.
Consumer and Residential
With respect to residential loans that are secured by 1-4 family residences, which are typically owner occupied, the Corporation generally establishes a maximum loan-to-value ratio and requires private mortgage insurance if that ratio is exceeded. Home equity loans are secured by a subordinate interest in 1-4 family residences, and consumer loans are secured by consumer assets such as automobiles or recreational vehicles. Some consumer loans, such as small installment loans and certain lines of credit, are unsecured. Repayment of these loans is primarily dependent on the personal income and credit rating of the borrowers and can also be impacted by changes in property values. Risk is mitigated by the fact that the loans are of smaller individual amounts and spread over a large number of borrowers.
The following tables summarize changes in the allowance for credit losses by loan segment for the three months ended March 31, 2021:

| Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
| Commercial |  | Commercial Real Estate |  | Construction |  | Consumer |  | Residential |  | Consumer & Residential |  | Total
Allowance for credit losses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balances, December 31, 2020 | $ | 47,115 |  |  | $ | 51,070 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9,648 |  |  | $ | 22,815 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 130,648 |
Credit risk reclassifications | — |  |  | (10,284) |  |  | 10,284 |  |  | (9,648) |  |  | (22,815) |  |  | 32,463 |  |  | — |
Balances, December 31, 2020 after reclassifications | 47,115 |  |  | 40,786 |  |  | 10,284 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 32,463 |  |  | 130,648 |
Impact of adopting ASC 326 | 20,024 |  |  | 34,925 |  |  | 8,805 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10,301 |  |  | 74,055 |
Balances, January 1, 2021 Post-ASC 326 adoption | 67,139 |  |  | 75,711 |  |  | 19,089 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 42,764 |  |  | 204,703 |
Provision for credit losses | (932) |  |  | (1,701) |  |  | 1,095 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,538 |  |  | — |
Recoveries on loans | 188 |  |  | 164 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 342 |  |  | 694 |
Loans charged off | (673) |  |  | (3,313) |  |  | (2) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (327) |  |  | (4,315) |
Balances, March 31, 2021 | $ | 65,722 |  |  | $ | 70,861 |  |  | $ | 20,182 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 44,317 |  |  | $ | 201,082 |

Allowance for Loan Losses under prior GAAP ("Incurred Loss Model")
Prior to the adoption of ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments on January 1, 2021, the Corporation maintained an allowance for loan losses in accordance with the incurred loss model as disclosed in the Corporation's 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The following tables summarize changes in the allowance for loan losses by loan segment for the three months ended March 31, 2020:

| Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
| Commercial |  | Commercial Real Estate |  | Consumer |  | Residential |  | Total
Allowance for loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balances, December 31, 2019 | $ | 32,902 |  |  | $ | 28,778 |  |  | $ | 4,035 |  |  | $ | 14,569 |  |  | $ | 80,284 |
Provision for losses | 5,701 |  |  | 9,194 |  |  | 1,924 |  |  | 2,933 |  |  | 19,752 |
Recoveries on loans | 443 |  |  | 118 |  |  | 42 |  |  | 70 |  |  | 673 |
Loans charged off | (615) |  |  | (183) |  |  | (249) |  |  | (208) |  |  | (1,255) |
Balances, March 31, 2020 | $ | 38,431 |  |  | $ | 37,907 |  |  | $ | 5,752 |  |  | $ | 17,364 |  |  | $ | 99,454 |

24

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
The table below shows the Corporation’s allowance for loan losses under the incurred loss model and loan portfolio by loan segment as of the periods indicated.

| December 31, 2020
| Commercial |  | Commercial Real Estate |  | Consumer |  | Residential |  | Total
Allowance Balances: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 223 |  |  | $ | 12,246 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 432 |  |  | $ | 12,901 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 46,892 |  |  | 38,824 |  |  | 9,648 |  |  | 22,383 |  |  | 117,747 |
Total Allowance for Loan Losses | $ | 47,115 |  |  | $ | 51,070 |  |  | $ | 9,648 |  |  | $ | 22,815 |  |  | $ | 130,648 |
Loan Balances: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 1,258 |  |  | $ | 51,605 |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 3,291 |  |  | $ | 56,156 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 3,505,863 |  |  | 3,805,808 |  |  | 129,477 |  |  | 1,739,709 |  |  | 9,180,857 |
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality | 577 |  |  | 5,584 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,161 |
Loans | $ | 3,507,698 |  |  | $ | 3,862,997 |  |  | $ | 129,479 |  |  | $ | 1,743,000 |  |  | $ | 9,243,174 |

The following tables show the composition of the Corporation’s impaired loans, related allowance under the incurred loss model and interest income recognized while impaired by loan class as of the periods indicated:

| December 31, 2020
| Unpaid Principal Balance |  | Recorded Investment |  | Related Allowance
Impaired loans with no related allowance: |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial loans | $ | 1,059 |  |  | $ | 991 |  |  | $ | — |
Real estate Loans: |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied | 4,958 |  |  | 4,694 |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate, owner occupied | 2,125 |  |  | 1,310 |  |  | — |
Residential | 957 |  |  | 816 |  |  | — |
Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures | 2 |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 9,101 |  |  | $ | 7,813 |  |  | $ | — |
Impaired loans with related allowance: |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial loans | $ | 268 |  |  | $ | 268 |  |  | $ | 223 |
Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers | 640 |  |  | 562 |  |  | 3 |
Real estate Loans: |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied | 44,016 |  |  | 43,715 |  |  | 11,686 |
Commercial real estate, owner occupied | 2,061 |  |  | 1,323 |  |  | 557 |
Residential | 2,041 |  |  | 2,014 |  |  | 352 |
Home equity | 487 |  |  | 461 |  |  | 80 |
Total | $ | 49,513 |  |  | $ | 48,343 |  |  | $ | 12,901 |
Total Impaired Loans | $ | 58,614 |  |  | $ | 56,156 |  |  | $ | 12,901 |

| Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 |  |
| Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized |  |  |  |
Impaired loans with no related allowance: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial loans | $ | 905 |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  |
Real estate Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction | 1,015 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and farmland | 6,852 |  |  | 37 |  |  |  |  |
Residential | 59 |  |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |
Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures | 3 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Total | $ | 8,834 |  |  | $ | 38 |  |  |  |  |
Impaired loans with related allowance: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and farmland | $ | 2,400 |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  |
Residential | 2,180 |  |  | 19 |  |  |  |  |
Home equity | 393 |  |  | 3 |  |  |  |  |
Total | $ | 4,973 |  |  | $ | 22 |  |  |  |  |
Total Impaired Loans | $ | 13,807 |  |  | $ | 60 |  |  |  |  |

25

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements, Commitments And Contingencies
In the normal course of business, the Corporation has entered into off-balance sheet financial instruments which include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. Commitments to extend credit are usually the result of lines of credit granted to existing borrowers under agreements that the total outstanding indebtedness will not exceed a specific amount during the term of the indebtedness. Typical borrowers are commercial concerns that use lines of credit to supplement their treasury management functions, and thus their total outstanding indebtedness may fluctuate during any time period based on the seasonality of their business and the resultant timing for their cash flows. Other typical lines of credit are related to home equity loans granted to customers. Commitments to extend credit generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses that may require a fee.
Standby letters of credit are generally issued on behalf of an applicant (the Corporation’s customer) to a specifically named beneficiary and are the result of a particular business arrangement that exists between the applicant and the beneficiary. Standby letters of credit have fixed expiration dates and are usually for terms of two years or less unless terminated beforehand due to criteria specified in the standby letter of credit. The standby letter of credit would permit the beneficiary to obtain payment from the Corporation under certain prescribed circumstances. Subsequently, the Corporation would seek reimbursement from the applicant pursuant to the terms of the standby letter of credit.
The Corporation typically follows the same credit policies and underwriting practices when making these commitments as it does for on-balance sheet instruments. Each customer’s creditworthiness is typically evaluated on a case-by-case basis, and the amount of collateral obtained, if any, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the customer. Collateral held varies but may include cash, real estate, marketable securities, accounts receivable, inventory, equipment and personal property.
The contractual amounts of these commitments are not reflected in the consolidated financial statements and only amounts drawn upon would be reflected in the future. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the contractual amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. However, should the commitments be drawn upon and should the Corporation’s customers default on their resulting obligation to the Corporation, the maximum exposure to credit loss, without consideration of collateral, is represented by the contractual amount of those commitments.
Financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk were as follows:

| March 31, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Amounts of commitments: |  |  |
Loan commitments to extend credit | $ | 3,657,931 |  |  | $ | 3,443,514 |
Standby letters of credit | $ | 33,610 |  |  | $ | 29,555 |

The adoption of the CECL methodology for measuring credit losses, as discussed more fully in the Allowance for Credit Loss on Loans section of this Note, and in NOTE 1. GENERAL of these Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements, increased the opening balance of our accrual for off-balance sheet commitments at adoption by $20.5 million, which is reported in Other Liabilities as of March 31, 2021 in the CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS.
The following table details activity in the allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet commitments:

| Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Balances, December 31, 2020 | $ | — |
Impact of adopting ASC 326 | 20,500 |
Provision for credit losses | — |
Balances, March 31, 2021 | $ | 20,500 |

NOTE 4
OTHER INTANGIBLES
Core deposit intangibles are recorded on the acquisition date of an entity. The carrying basis and accumulated amortization of recognized core deposit intangibles are noted below.

| March 31, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Gross carrying amount | $ | 102,396 |  |  | $ | 102,396 |
Accumulated amortization | (74,778) |  |  | (73,421) |
Total core deposit intangibles | $ | 27,618 |  |  | $ | 28,975 |

26

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
The core deposit intangibles are being amortized primarily on an accelerated basis over their estimated useful lives, generally over a period of ten years. Intangible asset amortization expense for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was $1.4 million compared to $1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020. Estimated future amortization expense is summarized as follows:

| Amortization Expense
2021 | $ | 4,072 |
2022 | 5,027 |
2023 | 4,827 |
2024 | 4,241 |
2025 | 3,526 |
After 2025 | 5,925 |
| $ | 27,618 |

NOTE 5
DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Risk Management Objective of Using Derivatives
The Corporation is exposed to certain risks arising from both its business operations and economic conditions. The Corporation principally manages its exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of its core business activities. The Corporation manages economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity, and credit risk, primarily by managing the amount, sources, and duration of its assets and liabilities and through the use of derivative financial instruments. Specifically, the Corporation enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the receipt or payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the value of which are determined by interest rates. The Corporation’s derivative financial instruments are used to manage differences in the amount, timing, and duration of the Corporation’s known or expected cash payments principally related to certain variable-rate liabilities. The Corporation also has derivatives that are a result of a service the Corporation provides to certain qualifying customers, and, therefore, are not used to manage interest rate risk in the Corporation’s assets or liabilities. The Corporation manages a matched book with respect to its derivative instruments offered as a part of this service to its customers in order to minimize its net risk exposure resulting from such transactions.
Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk
The Corporation’s objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to interest expense and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish these objectives, the Corporation primarily uses interest rate swaps and interest rate caps as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the payment of fixed amounts to a counterparty in exchange for the Corporation receiving variable payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount. Interest rate caps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable amounts from a counterparty if interest rates rise above the strike rate on the contract in exchange for an up-front premium. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Corporation had four interest rate swaps with a notional amount of $60.0 million that were designated as cash flow hedges.
The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income and is subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. During the first quarter of 2021, $26.0 million of the interest rate swaps were used to hedge the variable cash outflows (LIBOR-based) associated with existing trust preferred securities when the outflows converted from a fixed rate to variable rate in September 2012. In addition, $10.0 million of interest rate swaps were used to hedge the variable cash outflows (LIBOR-based) associated with one Federal Home Loan Bank advances. Finally, the remaining $24.0 million of interest rate swaps were used to hedge the variable cash outflows (Ameribor-based) associated with a brokered deposit originated in December 2020. The ineffective portion of the change in fair value of the derivatives is recognized directly in earnings. During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Corporation did not recognize any ineffectiveness.
Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on the Corporation's variable-rate liabilities. During the next twelve months, the Corporation expects to reclassify $1.0 million from accumulated other comprehensive income to interest expense.
Non-designated Hedges
The Corporation does not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes. Derivatives not designated as hedges are not speculative and result from a service the Corporation provides to certain customers. The Corporation executes interest rate swaps with commercial banking customers to facilitate their respective risk management strategies. Those interest rate swaps are simultaneously hedged by offsetting interest rate swaps that the Corporation executes with a third party, such that the Corporation minimizes its net risk exposure resulting from such transactions. As the interest rate swaps associated with this program do not meet the strict hedge accounting requirements, changes in the fair value of both the customer swaps and the offsetting swaps are recognized directly in earnings. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the notional amount of customer-facing swaps was approximately $972.7 million and $985.0 million, respectively. These amounts are offset with third party counterparties, as described above.
27

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
Fair Values of Derivative Instruments on the Balance Sheet
The table below presents the fair value of the Corporation’s derivative financial instruments, as well as their classification on the Balance Sheet, as of March 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020.

| Asset Derivatives |  | Liability Derivatives
| March 31, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020 |  | March 31, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
| Balance Sheet Location |  | Fair Value |  | Balance Sheet Location |  | Fair Value |  | Balance Sheet Location |  | Fair Value |  | Balance Sheet Location |  | Fair Value
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts | Other Assets |  | $ | — |  |  | Other Assets |  | $ | — |  |  | Other Liabilities |  | $ | 1,708 |  |  | Other Liabilities |  | $ | 2,018 |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts | Other Assets |  | $ | 48,576 |  |  | Other Assets |  | $ | 74,335 |  |  | Other Liabilities |  | $ | 48,576 |  |  | Other Liabilities |  | $ | 74,335 |

The amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income is included in the table below for the periods indicated.

Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships | Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income on Derivative (Effective Portion)
Three Months Ended |  |
March 31, 2021 |  | March 31, 2020 |  |  |  |
Interest Rate Products | $ | 58 |  |  | $ | (1,314) |  |  |  |  |

Effect of Derivative Instruments on the Income Statement
The Corporation did not recognize any gains or losses from derivative financial instruments in the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.
The amount of gain (loss) reclassified from other comprehensive income into income is included in the table below for the periods indicated.

Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments under FASB ASC 815-10 |  | Location of Gain (Loss) Recognized Income on Derivative |  | Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassed from Other Comprehensive Income into Income (Effective Portion)
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 |  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Interest rate contracts |  | Interest Expense |  | $ | (252) |  |  | $ | (125) |

The Corporation’s exposure to credit risk occurs because of nonperformance by its counterparties. The counterparties approved by the Corporation are usually financial institutions, which are well capitalized and have credit ratings through Moody’s and/or Standard & Poor’s at or above investment grade. The Corporation’s control of such risk is through quarterly financial reviews, comparing mark-to-market values with policy limitations, credit ratings and collateral pledging.
Credit-risk-related Contingent Features
The Corporation has agreements with certain of its derivative counterparties that contain a provision where if the Corporation fails to maintain its status as a well or adequately capitalized institution, then the Corporation could be required to terminate or fully collateralize all outstanding derivative contracts. Additionally, the Corporation has agreements with certain of its derivative counterparties that contain a provision where if the Corporation defaults on any of its indebtedness, including default where repayment of the indebtedness has not been accelerated by the lender, then the Corporation could also be declared in default on its derivative obligations. As of March 31, 2021, the termination value of derivatives in a net liability position related to these agreements was $36.7 million. As of March 31, 2021, the Corporation has minimum collateral posting thresholds with certain of its derivative counterparties and has posted collateral of $62.8 million. While the Corporation did not breach any of these provisions as of March 31, 2021, if it had, the Corporation could have been required to settle its obligations under the agreements at their termination value.
28

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
NOTE 6
DISCLOSURES ABOUT FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
The Corporation used fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. The accounting guidance defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. ASC 820 applies only when other guidance requires or permits assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value; it does not expand the use of fair value in any new circumstances.
As defined in ASC 820, fair value is the price to sell an asset or transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. It represents an exit price at the measurement date. Market participants are buyers and sellers, who are independent, knowledgeable, and willing and able to transact in the principal (or most advantageous) market for the asset or liability being measured. Current market conditions, including imbalances between supply and demand, are considered in determining fair value. The Corporation values its assets and liabilities in the principal market where it sells the particular asset or transfers the liability with the greatest volume and level of activity. In the absence of a principal market, the valuation is based on the most advantageous market for the asset or liability (i.e., the market where the asset could be sold or the liability transferred at a price that maximizes the amount to be received for the asset or minimizes the amount to be paid to transfer the liability).
Valuation inputs refer to the assumptions market participants would use in pricing a given asset or liability. Inputs can be observable or unobservable. Observable inputs are those assumptions which market participants would use in pricing the particular asset or liability. These inputs are based on market data and are obtained from a source independent of the Corporation. Unobservable inputs are assumptions based on the Corporation’s own information or estimate of assumptions used by market participants in pricing the asset or liability. Unobservable inputs are based on the best and most current information available on the measurement date. All inputs, whether observable or unobservable, are ranked in accordance with a prescribed fair value hierarchy which gives the highest ranking to quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest ranking to unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market activity (Level 3). Fair values for assets or liabilities classified as Level 2 are based on one or a combination of the following factors: (i) quoted prices for similar assets; (ii) observable inputs for the asset or liability, such as interest rates or yield curves; or (iii) inputs derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data. The level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Corporation considers an input to be significant if it drives 10 percent or more of the total fair value of a particular asset or liability.
RECURRING MEASUREMENTS
Assets and liabilities are considered to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis if fair value is measured regularly (i.e., daily, weekly, monthly or quarterly). Recurring valuation occurs at a minimum on the measurement date. Assets and liabilities are considered to be measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis if the fair value measurement of the instrument does not necessarily result in a change in the amount recorded on the balance sheet. Generally, nonrecurring valuation is the result of the application of other accounting pronouncements which require assets or liabilities to be assessed for impairment or recorded at the lower of cost or fair value. The fair value of assets or liabilities transferred in or out of Level 3 is measured on the transfer date, with any additional changes in fair value subsequent to the transfer considered to be realized or unrealized gains or losses.
Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis and recognized in the
accompanying balance sheets, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.
Investment Securities
Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. The Corporation currently has no securities classified within Level 1 of the hierarchy. Where significant observable inputs, other than Level 1 quoted prices, are available, securities are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 2 securities include U.S. treasury securities, government-sponsored agency and mortgage-backed securities, state and municipal securities and corporate obligations securities. In certain cases where Level 1 or Level 2 inputs are not available, securities are classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy and include state and municipal securities, government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities and corporate obligations securities. Level 3 fair value for securities was determined using a discounted cash flow model that incorporated market estimates of interest rates and volatility in markets that have not been active.
Third party vendors compile prices from various sources and may apply such techniques as matrix pricing to determine the value of identical or similar investment securities (Level 2). Matrix pricing is a mathematical technique widely used in the banking industry to value investment securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for specific investment securities but rather relying on the investment securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted investment securities. Any investment security not valued based upon the methods above are considered Level 3.
29

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
Interest Rate Derivative Agreements
See information regarding the Corporation’s interest rate derivative products in NOTE 5. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS of these Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements.
The following table presents the fair value measurements of assets and liabilities recognized in the accompanying balance sheets measured at fair value on a recurring basis and the level within the ASC 820 fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements fall at March 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020.

|  |  | Fair Value Measurements Using:
March 31, 2021 | Fair Value |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Available for sale securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury | $ | 1,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,000 |  |  | $ | — |
U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities | 11,381 |  |  | — |  |  | 11,381 |  |  | — |
State and municipal | 1,366,162 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,364,051 |  |  | 2,111 |
U.S. Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities | 1,022,863 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,022,859 |  |  | 4 |
Corporate obligations | 4,162 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,131 |  |  | 31 |
Interest rate swap asset | 48,576 |  |  | — |  |  | 48,576 |  |  | — |
Interest rate swap liability | 50,284 |  |  | — |  |  | 50,284 |  |  | — |

|  |  | Fair Value Measurements Using:
December 31, 2020 | Fair Value |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Available for sale securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities | $ | 2,430 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,430 |  |  | $ | — |
State and municipal | 1,257,885 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,255,441 |  |  | 2,444 |
U.S. Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities | 654,669 |  |  | — |  |  | 654,665 |  |  | 4 |
Corporate obligations | 4,135 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,104 |  |  | 31 |
Interest rate swap asset | 74,335 |  |  | — |  |  | 74,335 |  |  | — |
Interest rate swap liability | 76,353 |  |  | — |  |  | 76,353 |  |  | — |

There were no gains or losses included in earnings that were attributable to the changes in unrealized gains or losses related to assets or
liabilities held at March 31, 2021 or December 31, 2020.
Level 3 Reconciliation
The following is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of recurring fair value measurements recognized in the accompanying
balance sheets using significant unobservable Level 3 inputs for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

| Available for Sale Securities
| Three Months Ended |  |
| March 31, 2021 |  | March 31, 2020 |  |  |  |
Balance at beginning of the period | $ | 2,479 |  |  | $ | 2,893 |  |  |  |  |
Included in other comprehensive income | (60) |  |  | (20) |  |  |  |  |
Principal payments | (273) |  |  | (344) |  |  |  |  |
Ending balance | $ | 2,146 |  |  | $ | 2,529 |  |  |  |  |

Transfers Between Levels
There were no transfers in or out of Level 3 for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.
30

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)

Nonrecurring Measurements
Following is a description of valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis and recognized in the accompanying balance sheets, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy for March 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020.

|  |  |  | Fair Value Measurements Using
March 31, 2021 |  | Fair Value |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Collateral dependent loans |  | $ | 40,698 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 40,698 |
Other real estate owned |  | 185 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 185 |

|  |  |  | Fair Value Measurements Using
December 31, 2020 |  | Fair Value |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Impaired loans (collateral dependent) |  | $ | 37,250 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 37,250 |
Other real estate owned |  | 544 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 544 |

Impaired Loans (collateral dependent)
Loans for which it is probable that the Corporation will not collect all principal and interest due according to contractual terms are measured for impairment. Allowable methods for determining the amount of impairment include estimating fair value of the collateral for collateral dependent loans. If the impaired loan is identified as collateral dependent, then the fair value method of measuring the amount of impairment is utilized. This method requires obtaining a current independent appraisal of the collateral and applying a discount factor to the value. A portion of the allowance for loan losses is allocated to impaired loans if the value of such loans is deemed to be less than the unpaid balance. If these allocations cause the allowance for loan losses to increase, such increase is reported as a component of the provision for loan losses. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectability of the loan is confirmed. During 2020 and 2021, certain impaired loans were partially charged off or re-evaluated. Impaired loans that are collateral dependent are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy when impairment is determined using the fair value method.
Other Real Estate Owned
The fair value for impaired loans and other real estate owned is measured based on the value of the collateral securing those loans or real estate and is determined using several methods. The fair value of real estate is generally determined based on appraisals by qualified licensed appraisers. The appraisers typically determine the value of the real estate by utilizing an income or market valuation approach. If an appraisal is not available, the fair value may be determined by using a discounted cash flow analysis. Fair value on other collateral such as business assets is typically ascertained by assessing, either singularly or some combination of, asset appraisals, accounts receivable aging reports, inventory listings and/or customer financial statements. Both appraised values and values based on borrower’s financial information are discounted as considered appropriate based on age and quality of the information and current market conditions.
31

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
Unobservable (Level 3) Inputs
The following table presents quantitative information about unobservable inputs used in recurring and nonrecurring Level 3 fair value measurements, other than goodwill, at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

March 31, 2021 | Fair Value |  | Valuation Technique |  | Unobservable Inputs |  | Range (Weighted-Average)
State and municipal securities | $ | 2,111 |  |  | Discounted cash flow |  | Maturity/Call date |  | 1 month to 15 years
|  |  |  |  | US Muni BQ curve |  | A- to BBB-
|  |  |  |  | Discount rate |  | 2% - 4%
|  |  |  |  | Weighted-average coupon |  | 4%
Corporate obligations and U.S. Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities | $ | 35 |  |  | Discounted cash flow |  | Risk free rate |  | 3 month LIBOR
|  |  |  |  | plus premium for illiquidity |  | plus 200bps
|  |  |  |  | Weighted-average coupon |  | —%
Collateral dependent loans | $ | 40,698 |  |  | Collateral based measurements |  | Discount to reflect current market conditions and ultimate collectability |  | 0% - 10%
|  |  |  |  | Weighted-average discount by loan balance |  | 4%
Other real estate owned | $ | 185 |  |  | Appraisals |  | Discount to reflect current market conditions |  | 0% - 72%
|  |  |  |  | Weighted-average discount of other real estate owned balance |  | 39%

December 31, 2020 | Fair Value |  | Valuation Technique |  | Unobservable Inputs |  | Range (Weighted-Average)
State and municipal securities | $ | 2,444 |  |  | Discounted cash flow |  | Maturity/Call date |  | 1 month to 15 years
|  |  |  |  | US Muni BQ curve |  | A- to BBB-
|  |  |  |  | Discount rate |  | 2% - 4%
|  |  |  |  | Weighted-average coupon |  | 4%
Corporate obligations and U.S Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities | $ | 35 |  |  | Discounted cash flow |  | Risk free rate |  | 3 month LIBOR
|  |  |  |  | plus premium for illiquidity |  | plus 200bps
|  |  |  |  | Weighted-average coupon |  | —%
Impaired loans (collateral dependent) | $ | 37,250 |  |  | Collateral based measurements |  | Discount to reflect current market conditions and ultimate collectability |  | 0% - 10%
|  |  |  |  | Weighted-average discount by loan balance |  | 6%
Other real estate owned | $ | 544 |  |  | Appraisals |  | Discount to reflect current market conditions |  | 0% - 30%
|  |  |  |  | Weighted-average discount of other real estate owned balance |  | 26%

The following is a discussion of the sensitivity of significant unobservable inputs, the interrelationships between those inputs and other unobservable inputs used in recurring fair value measurement and how those inputs might magnify or mitigate the effect of changes in the unobservable inputs on the fair value measurement.
State and Municipal Securities, Corporate Obligations and U.S. Government-sponsored Mortgage-Backed Securities
The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Corporation's state and municipal securities, corporate obligations and U.S. Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities are premiums for unrated securities and marketability discounts. Significant increases or decreases in either of those inputs in isolation would result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement. Generally, changes in either of those inputs will not affect the other input.
32

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The following table presents estimated fair values of the Corporation’s financial instruments and the level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements fall at March 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020.

|  |  | March 31, 2021 |  |
|  |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs
| Carrying Amount |  | (Level 1) |  | (Level 2) |  | (Level 3)
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 187,901 |  |  | $ | 187,901 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Interest-bearing deposits | 392,806 |  |  | 392,806 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Investment securities available for sale | 2,405,568 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,403,422 |  |  | 2,146 |
Investment securities held to maturity | 1,295,289 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,299,944 |  |  | 18,836 |
Loans held for sale | 4,430 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,430 |  |  | — |
Loans | 9,117,146 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,168,023 |
Federal Home Loan Bank stock | 28,736 |  |  | — |  |  | 28,736 |  |  | — |
Interest rate swap asset | 48,576 |  |  | — |  |  | 48,576 |  |  | — |
Interest receivable | 54,662 |  |  | — |  |  | 54,662 |  |  | — |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits | $ | 11,951,780 |  |  | $ | 11,103,474 |  |  | $ | 847,398 |  |  | $ | — |
Borrowings: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | 185,721 |  |  | — |  |  | 185,716 |  |  | — |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 359,337 |  |  | — |  |  | 366,179 |  |  | — |
Subordinated debentures and other borrowings | 118,439 |  |  | — |  |  | 108,124 |  |  | — |
Interest rate swap liability | 50,284 |  |  | — |  |  | 50,284 |  |  | — |
Interest payable | 4,020 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,020 |  |  | — |

|  |  | December 31, 2020 |  |
|  |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs
| Carrying Amount |  | (Level 1) |  | (Level 2) |  | (Level 3)
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 192,896 |  |  | $ | 192,896 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Interest-bearing deposits | 392,305 |  |  | 392,305 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Investment securities available for sale | 1,919,119 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,916,640 |  |  | 2,479 |
Investment securities held to maturity | 1,227,668 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,260,815 |  |  | 19,478 |
Loans held for sale | 3,966 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,966 |  |  | — |
Loans | 9,112,526 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,191,628 |
Federal Home Loan Bank stock | 28,736 |  |  | — |  |  | 28,736 |  |  | — |
Interest rate swap asset | 74,335 |  |  | — |  |  | 74,335 |  |  | — |
Interest receivable | 53,948 |  |  | — |  |  | 53,948 |  |  | — |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits | $ | 11,361,610 |  |  | $ | 10,482,865 |  |  | $ | 878,257 |  |  | $ | — |
Borrowings: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | 177,102 |  |  | — |  |  | 177,097 |  |  | — |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 389,430 |  |  | — |  |  | 399,991 |  |  | — |
Subordinated debentures and other borrowings | 118,380 |  |  | — |  |  | 108,439 |  |  | — |
Interest rate swap liability | 76,353 |  |  | — |  |  | 76,353 |  |  | — |
Interest payable | 3,287 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,287 |  |  | — |

33

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
NOTE 7
TRANSFERS ACCOUNTED FOR AS SECURED BORROWINGS
The collateral pledged for all repurchase agreements that are accounted for as secured borrowings as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were:

| March 31, 2021
| Remaining Contractual Maturity of the Agreements
| Overnight and Continuous |  | Up to 30 Days |  | 30-90 Days |  | Greater Than 90 Days |  | Total
U.S. Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities | $ | 184,067 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,654 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 185,721 |

| December 31, 2020
| Remaining Contractual Maturity of the Agreements
| Overnight and Continuous |  | Up to 30 Days |  | 30-90 Days |  | Greater Than 90 Days |  | Total
U.S. Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities | $ | 175,449 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,653 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 177,102 |

NOTE 8
ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
The following table summarizes the changes in the balances of each component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, as of March 31, 2021 and 2020:

| Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
| Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Securities Available for Sale |  |  |  | Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Cash Flow Hedges |  | Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Defined Benefit Plans |  | Total
Balance at December 31, 2020 | $ | 87,988 |  |  |  |  | $ | (1,594) |  |  | $ | (11,558) |  |  | $ | 74,836 |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | (37,850) |  |  |  |  | 46 |  |  | — |  |  | (37,804) |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income | (1,421) |  |  |  |  | 199 |  |  | — |  |  | (1,222) |
Period change | (39,271) |  |  |  |  | 245 |  |  | — |  |  | (39,026) |
Balance at March 31, 2021 | $ | 48,717 |  |  |  |  | $ | (1,349) |  |  | $ | (11,558) |  |  | $ | 35,810 |
Balance at December 31, 2019 | $ | 38,872 |  |  |  |  | $ | (1,141) |  |  | $ | (9,857) |  |  | $ | 27,874 |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | 30,364 |  |  |  |  | (1,038) |  |  | — |  |  | 29,326 |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income | (3,643) |  |  |  |  | 99 |  |  | — |  |  | (3,544) |
Period change | 26,721 |  |  |  |  | (939) |  |  | — |  |  | 25,782 |
Balance at March 31, 2020 | $ | 65,593 |  |  |  |  | $ | (2,080) |  |  | $ | (9,857) |  |  | $ | 53,656 |

34

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
The following table presents the reclassification adjustments out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) that were included in net income in the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

|  | Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
Details about Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Components |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | Affected Line Item in the Statements of Income
Unrealized gains (losses) on available for sale securities (1) |  |  |  |  |  |
Realized securities gains reclassified into income |  | $ | 1,799 |  |  | $ | 4,612 |  |  | Other income - net realized gains on sales of available for sale securities
Related income tax expense |  | (378) |  |  | (969) |  |  | Income tax expense
|  | $ | 1,421 |  |  | $ | 3,643 |  |  |
Unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges (2) |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts |  | $ | (252) |  |  | $ | (125) |  |  | Interest expense - subordinated debentures and term loans
Related income tax benefit |  | 53 |  |  | 26 |  |  | Income tax expense
|  | $ | (199) |  |  | $ | (99) |  |  |
Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax |  | $ | 1,222 |  |  | $ | 3,544 |  |  |

(1) For additional detail related to unrealized gains (losses) on available for sale securities and related amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income see NOTE 2. INVESTMENT SECURITIES of these Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements.
(2) For additional detail related to unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges and related amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income see NOTE 5. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS of these Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements.
NOTE 9
SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
Stock options and RSAs have been issued to directors, officers and other management employees under the Corporation's 2009 Long-term Equity Incentive Plan, the 2019 Long-term Equity Incentive Plan, and the Equity Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors. The stock options, which have a ten year life, become 100 percent vested based on time ranging from one year to two years and are fully exercisable when vested. Option exercise prices equal the Corporation's common stock closing price on NASDAQ on the date of grant. The RSAs issued to employees and non-employee directors provide for the issuance of shares of the Corporation's common stock at no cost to the holder and generally vest after 3 years. The RSAs vest only if the employee is actively employed by the Corporation on the vesting date and, therefore, any unvested shares are forfeited. For non-employee directors, the RSAs vest only if the non-employee director remains as an active board member on the vesting date and, therefore, any unvested shares are forfeited. The RSAs for employees and non-employee directors are either immediately vested at retirement, disability or death, or, continue to vest after retirement, disability or death, depending on the plan under which the shares were granted.
The Corporation’s 2019 ESPP provides eligible employees of the Corporation and its subsidiaries an opportunity to purchase shares of common stock of the Corporation through quarterly offerings financed by payroll deductions. The price of the stock to be paid by the employees shall be equal to 85 percent of the average of the closing price of the Corporation’s common stock on each trading day during the offering period. However, in no event shall such purchase price be less than the lesser of an amount equal to 85 percent of the market price of the Corporation’s stock on the offering date or an amount equal to 85 percent of the market value on the date of purchase. Common stock purchases are made quarterly and are paid through advance payroll deductions up to a calendar year maximum of $25,000.
Compensation expense related to unvested share-based awards is recorded by recognizing the unamortized grant date fair value of these awards over the remaining service periods of those awards, with no change in historical reported fair values and earnings. Awards are valued at fair value in accordance with provisions of share-based compensation guidance and are recognized on a straight-line basis over the service periods of each award. To complete the exercise of vested stock options, RSA’s and ESPP options, the Corporation generally issues new shares from its authorized but unissued share pool. Share-based compensation for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was $1,190,000 compared to $1,220,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2020. Share-based compensation has been recognized as a component of salaries and benefits expense in the accompanying Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income.
Share-based compensation expense recognized in the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income is based on awards ultimately expected to vest and is reduced for estimated forfeitures. Share-based compensation guidance requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods, if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Pre-vesting forfeitures were estimated to be approximately 0.5 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2021, based on historical experience.
35

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
The following table summarizes the components of the Corporation's share-based compensation awards recorded as an expense and the income tax benefit of such awards.

| Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  |  |  |
Stock and ESPP Options |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pre-tax compensation expense | $ | 75 |  |  | $ | 41 |  |  |  |  |
Income tax expense (benefit) | (72) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Stock and ESPP option expense, net of income taxes | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | 41 |  |  |  |  |
Restricted Stock Awards |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pre-tax compensation expense | $ | 1,115 |  |  | $ | 1,179 |  |  |  |  |
Income tax expense (benefit) | (237) |  |  | (257) |  |  |  |  |
Restricted stock awards expense, net of income taxes | $ | 878 |  |  | $ | 922 |  |  |  |  |
Total Share-Based Compensation |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pre-tax compensation expense | $ | 1,190 |  |  | $ | 1,220 |  |  |  |  |
Income tax expense (benefit) | (309) |  |  | (257) |  |  |  |  |
Total share-based compensation expense, net of income taxes | $ | 881 |  |  | $ | 963 |  |  |  |  |

As of March 31, 2021, unrecognized compensation expense related to RSAs was $8.4 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.01 years. The Corporation did not have any unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options as of March 31, 2021.
Stock option activity under the Corporation's stock option plans as of March 31, 2021 and changes during the three months ended March 31, 2021, were as follows:

| Number of Shares |  | Weighted-Average Exercise Price |  | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in Years) |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2021 | 45,800 |  |  | $ | 15.00 |  |  |  |  |
Exercised | (14,300) |  |  | $ | 11.97 |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding March 31, 2021 | 31,500 |  |  | $ | 16.37 |  |  | 2.06 |  | $ | 949,155 |
Vested and Expected to Vest at March 31, 2021 | 31,500 |  |  | $ | 16.37 |  |  | 2.06 |  | $ | 949,155 |
Exercisable at March 31, 2021 | 31,500 |  |  | $ | 16.37 |  |  | 2.06 |  | $ | 949,155 |

The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value (the difference between the Corporation's closing stock price on the last trading day of the first three months of 2021 and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money options) that would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their stock options on March 31, 2021. The amount of aggregate intrinsic value will change based on the fair market value of the Corporation's common stock.
The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 was $453,000 and $36,000, respectively. Cash receipts of stock options exercised during this same period were $171,000 and $7,000, respectively.
The following table summarizes information on unvested RSAs outstanding as of March 31, 2021:

| Number of Shares |  | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested RSAs at January 1, 2021 | 357,883 |  |  | $ | 36.30 |
Granted | 66,913 |  |  | $ | 42.39 |
Vested | (4,285) |  |  | $ | 42.15 |
Forfeited | (1,650) |  |  | $ | 32.21 |
Unvested RSAs at March 31, 2021 | 418,861 |  |  | $ | 37.23 |

The grant date fair value of ESPP options was estimated to be approximately $75,000 at the beginning of the January 1, 2021 quarterly offering period. The ESPP options vested during the three months ending March 31, 2021, leaving no unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested ESPP options at March 31, 2021.
36

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
NOTE 10
INCOME TAX
The following table summarizes the major components creating differences between income taxes at the federal statutory and the effective tax rate recorded in the consolidated statements of income for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:

| Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  |  |  |
Reconciliation of Federal Statutory to Actual Tax Expense: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal statutory income tax at 21% | $ | 12,268 |  |  | $ | 7,928 |  |  |  |  |
Tax-exempt interest income | (3,706) |  |  | (3,022) |  |  |  |  |
Share-based compensation | (59) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Tax-exempt earnings and gains on life insurance | (281) |  |  | (286) |  |  |  |  |
Tax credits | (73) |  |  | (61) |  |  |  |  |
CARES Act - NOL carryback rate differential | — |  |  | (1,178) |  |  |  |  |
State Income Tax | 702 |  |  | 86 |  |  |  |  |
Other | 101 |  |  | 23 |  |  |  |  |
Actual Tax Expense | $ | 8,952 |  |  | $ | 3,490 |  |  |  |  |
Effective Tax Rate | 15.3 | % |  | 9.2 | % |  |  |  |

NOTE 11
NET INCOME PER SHARE
Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average shares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the combination of the weighted-average shares outstanding during the reporting period and all potentially dilutive common shares. Potentially dilutive common shares include stock options and RSAs issued under the Corporation's share-based compensation plans. Potentially dilutive common shares are excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share in the periods where the effect would be antidilutive.
The following table reconciles basic and diluted net income per share for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2021 |  | 2020
| Net Income |  | Weighted-Average Shares |  | Per Share Amount |  | Net Income |  | Weighted-Average Shares |  | Per Share Amount
Net income available to common stockholders | $ | 49,469 |  |  | 53,930,200 |  |  | $ | 0.92 |  |  | $ | 34,263 |  |  | 54,732,073 |  |  | $ | 0.63 |
Effect of potentially dilutive stock options and restricted stock awards |  |  | 203,422 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 185,687 |  |  |
Diluted net income per share | $ | 49,469 |  |  | 54,133,622 |  |  | $ | 0.91 |  |  | $ | 34,263 |  |  | 54,917,760 |  |  | $ | 0.62 |

For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, there were no stock options with an option price greater than the average market price of the common shares.
NOTE 12
GENERAL LITIGATION AND REGULATORY EXAMINATIONS
The Corporation is subject to claims and lawsuits that arise primarily in the ordinary course of business. Additionally, the Corporation is subject to periodic examinations by various regulatory agencies. It is the general opinion of management that the disposition or ultimate resolution of such claims, lawsuits, and examinations will not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flow of the Corporation.
NOTE 13
SUBSEQUENT EVENT
On April 1, 2021, the Bank closed its acquisition of Hoosier Trust Company, an Indiana trust company (“Hoosier”), pursuant to which Hoosier merged with and into the Bank. The consideration paid to the shareholders of Hoosier at closing was $3,225,000 in cash.
37

Table of Contents
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
From time to time, we include forward-looking statements in our oral and written communication. We may include forward-looking statements in filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, such as this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, in other written materials and in oral statements made by senior management to analysts, investors, representatives of the media and others. We intend these forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and we are including this statement for purposes of these safe harbor provisions. Forward-looking statements can often be identified by the use of words like “believe”, “continue”, “pattern”, “estimate”, “project”, “intend”, “anticipate”, “expect” and similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “will”, “would”, “should”, “could”, “might”, “can”, “may”, or similar expressions. These forward-looking statements include:
•statements of the Corporation's goals, intentions and expectations;
•statements regarding the Corporation's business plan and growth strategies;
•statements regarding the asset quality of the Corporation's loan and investment portfolios; and
•estimates of the Corporation's risks and future costs and benefits.
These forward-looking statements are subject to significant risks, assumptions and uncertainties, including, among other things, the following important factors which could affect the actual outcome of future events:
•fluctuations in market rates of interest and loan and deposit pricing, which could negatively affect our net interest margin, asset valuations and expense expectations;
•adverse changes in the economy, which might affect our business prospects and could cause credit-related losses and expenses;
•the severity and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on general economic and financial market conditions and our business, results of operations, and financial condition;
•adverse developments in our loan and investment portfolios;
•our participation as a lender in the PPP;
•competitive factors in the banking industry, such as the trend towards consolidation in our market;
•changes in the banking legislation or the regulatory requirements of federal and state agencies applicable to bank holding companies and banks like our affiliate bank;
•acquisitions of other businesses by us and integration of such acquired businesses;
•our ability to implement and comply with the Settlement Agreement and Agreed Order entered into with the United States Department of Justice ("DOJ") related to our fair lending practices;
•changes in market, economic, operational, liquidity, credit and interest rate risks associated with our business; and
•the continued availability of earnings and excess capital sufficient for the lawful and prudent declaration and payment of cash dividends.
Because of these and other uncertainties, our actual future results may be materially different from the results indicated by these forward-looking statements. In addition, our past results of operations do not necessarily indicate our anticipated future results.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Generally accepted accounting principles are complex and require us to apply significant judgments to various accounting, reporting and disclosure matters. We must use assumptions and estimates to apply those principles where actual measurement is not possible or practical. For a complete discussion of our significant accounting policies, see “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. Certain policies are considered critical because they are highly dependent upon subjective or complex judgments, assumptions and estimates. Changes in such estimates may have a significant impact on the financial statements. The uncertainties related to COVID-19 could cause significant changes to these estimates compared to what was known at the time these financial statements were prepared.
We believe there have been no significant changes during the three months ended March 31, 2021 to the items that we disclosed as our critical accounting policies and estimates in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, with the exception of the adoption of Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments ("CECL") on January 1, 2021. Certain accounting policies were revised and certain accounting policy elections were implemented, related to the adoption of CECL.
38

Table of Contents
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
CECL replaces the previous "incurred loss" model for measuring credit losses, which encompassed allowances for current known and inherent losses within the portfolio, with an "expected loss" model for measuring credit losses, which encompasses allowances for losses expected to be incurred over the life of the portfolio. The new CECL model requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets measured at amortized cost and certain off-balance sheet credit exposures based on historical experiences, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. CECL also requires enhanced disclosures related to the significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as credit quality and underwriting standards of an organization's portfolio. In addition, CECL includes certain changes to the accounting for investment securities available for sale depending on whether management intends to sell the securities or believes that it is more likely than not they will be required to sell. See NOTE 1. GENERAL, NOTE 2. INVESTMENT SECURITIES and NOTE 3. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE of the Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for details of the accounting policy changes related to the adoption of CECL.
BUSINESS SUMMARY
First Merchants Corporation (the “Corporation”) is a financial holding company headquartered in Muncie, Indiana and was organized in September 1982. The Corporation’s Common Stock is traded on NASDAQ’s Global Select Market System under the symbol FRME. The Corporation has one full-service bank charter, First Merchants Bank (the “Bank”), which opened for business in Muncie, Indiana, in March 1893. The Bank also operates First Merchants Private Wealth Advisors (a division of First Merchants Bank). The Bank includes 125 banking locations in Indiana, Illinois, Ohio and Michigan. In addition to its traditional branch network, the Corporation offers comprehensive electronic and mobile delivery channels to its customers. The Corporation’s business activities are currently limited to one significant business segment, which is community banking.
Through the Bank, the Corporation offers a broad range of financial services, including accepting time, savings and demand deposits; making consumer, commercial, agri-business and real estate mortgage loans; providing personal and corporate trust services; offering full-service brokerage and private wealth management; and providing letters of credit, repurchase agreements and other corporate services.
COVID-19 UPDATE
The COVID-19 pandemic continued to impact the Corporation’s operations during the quarter ended March 31, 2021. While most states have eased restrictive measures and vaccination rates are steadily increasing, uncertainty remains about the ultimate duration of the pandemic and the timing and strength of the economic recovery. As the pandemic has evolved, we continue to support our customers by providing assistance to those affected by the pandemic, including by working with borrowers who are or may be unable to meet their contractual payment obligations due to the effects of COVID-19 and by originating loans under the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”).
The CARES Act and the Paycheck Protection Program
As previously reported, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) was signed into law in March 2020, providing an approximately $2 trillion stimulus package. For small businesses, eligible nonprofits and certain others, the CARES Act established the PPP, a lending program administered by the Small Business Administration (“SBA”) that is intended to incentivize participants to retain their employees by providing them with loans that are fully guaranteed by the U.S. government and subject to forgiveness if program guidelines are met. The PPP was later extended and modified by the Paycheck Protection Program and Health Care Enhancement Act in April 2020 and the Paycheck Protection Program Flexibility Act in June 2020, with PPP funding under this initial round expiring on August 8, 2020.
In December 2020, the Economic Aid to Hard-Hit Small Businesses, Nonprofits, and Venues Act was signed into law as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (the “CAA”). In addition to direct stimulus payments and other aid, this Act provided for a second round of PPP loans through March 31, 2021, and included the establishment of PPP second draw loans. Certain borrowers that had obtained a PPP loan in 2020 (a “first draw PPP loan”) became eligible in January 2021 to apply for a “second draw PPP loan” on generally the same terms and conditions as their first draw loans. The eligibility requirements for a second draw PPP loan, however, are much narrower than the eligibility requirements for a first draw PPP loan. More recently, the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 was signed into law on March 11, 2021, providing additional funds for the PPP and expanding certain PPP eligibility requirements. Further, on March 30, 2021, the PPP Extension Act of 2021 (was signed into law, providing applicants two additional months (through May 31, 2021) to apply for a first draw or second draw PPP loan and giving the SBA until June 30, 2021 to process loan applications.
Having actively participated in assisting its customers with applications for resources through the first round of the PPP during 2020, the Bank is also participating in the second round that commenced in January 2021. Loans under the program earn interest at a fixed rate of 1 percent and the vast majority of the Bank’s first round PPP loans have two-year maturities. The second round PPP loans have five-year maturities. The Bank anticipates that the majority of these loans will ultimately be forgiven, in whole or in part, by the SBA in accordance with the terms of the program. As of March 31, 2021, the Bank had over 4,700 PPP loans representing $741.7 million, which is net of $18.6 million of deferred processing fee income and costs. The weighted-average deferred processing fee on PPP loans was approximately 3.44 percent and is recognized over the term of the loan. If a loan is forgiven by the SBA or paid off by the borrower prior to maturity, any unamortized portion of the fee will be recognized immediately. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Corporation recognized interest income on PPP loans of $1.7 million and $7.6 million of PPP loan related deferred processing fee income as a yield adjustment.
39

Table of Contents
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Loan Modifications and Troubled Debt Restructures
As previously reported, the Bank's banking regulators issued guidance in March 2020 encouraging financial institutions to work prudently with borrowers who are or may be unable to meet their contractual payment obligations due to the effects of COVID-19. Additionally, Section 4013 of the CARES Act had further provided that a qualified loan modification is exempt by law from classification as a troubled debt restructure as defined by GAAP, from the period beginning March 1, 2020 until the earlier of December 31, 2020 or the date that is 60 days after the date on which the national emergency concerning the COVID-19 outbreak under the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.) terminates. In accordance with that guidance, the Bank has offered short-term modifications made in response to COVID-19 to borrowers who were current and otherwise not past due. These included short-term, 180 days or less, modifications in the form of payment deferrals, fee waivers, extensions of repayment terms, or other delays in payment that are insignificant. The CAA, as described above, extended the expiration date for COVID-related loan modifications exempt from troubled debt restructuring classification until the earlier of January 1, 2022, or 60 days after the termination of the national emergency. As of March 31, 2021, $65.1 million in loan balances remained in deferral. Details of the modifications are included in the "LOAN QUALITY" section of this Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
CECL Implementation
Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit losses on Financial Instruments ("CECL") had an original adoption date of January 1, 2020, which included a day 1 measurement date of January 1, 2020. Pursuant to the CARES Act, which created an optional deferral of the CECL adoption date, and the related joint statement of federal banking regulators (which also became effective in March 2020), and consistent with guidance from the SEC and FASB, the Corporation elected to delay implementation of ASU No. 2016-13, the optional deferral of which was set to expire on December 31, 2020. However, the CAA amended the CARES Act by extending the temporary relief from CECL compliance to the earlier of the first day of the fiscal year that begins after the date on which the national emergency concerning COVID-19 terminates, or January 1, 2022. The Corporation elected to delay implementation of CECL following the approval of the CARES Act and, with the enactment of the CAA, the Corporation elected to delay adoption of CECL to January 1, 2021. As a result of the Corporation’s election, its 2020 financial statements have been prepared under the incurred loss model and its 2021 financial statements have been prepared under the CECL model.
Regulatory Capital
As part of a March 27, 2020 joint statement of federal banking regulators, an interim final rule that allowed banking organizations to mitigate the effects of the CECL accounting standard on their regulatory capital was announced. Banking organizations could elect to mitigate the estimated cumulative regulatory capital effects of CECL for up to two years. This two-year delay was to be in addition to the three-year transition period that federal banking regulators had already made available. While the CAA provided for a further extension of the mandatory adoption of CECL to the earlier of the first day of the fiscal year that begins after the date on which the national emergency concerning COVID-19 terminates, or January 1, 2022, the federal banking regulators have elected to not provide a similar extension to the two year mitigation period applicable to regulatory capital effects. Instead, the federal banking regulators require that, in order to utilize the additional two-year delay, banking organizations must have adopted the CECL standard no later than December 31, 2020, as required by the CARES Act.
As discussed above, the Corporation elected to delay implementation of ASU No. 2016-13 until January 1, 2021 and, as a result, will recognize the implementation effects of CECL on its regulatory capital over a three-year transition period. Beginning on January 1, 2021, the Corporation phased in 25 percent of the deferred capital impact of CECL, with an additional 25 percent to be phased in at the beginning of the following three years, resulting in the impact being fully phased in on January 1, 2024.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The Corporation reported first quarter 2021 net income of $49.5 million, compared to $34.3 million during the first quarter of 2020. Diluted earnings per share for the first quarter 2021 totaled $0.91 per share, compared to $0.62 per diluted share during the same period in 2020.
As of March 31, 2021, total assets equaled $14.6 billion, an increase of $561.9 million, or 4.0 percent, from December 31, 2020. The Corporation's total loan portfolio increased $75.5 million from December 31, 2020. As of March 31, 2021, the Corporation had $741.7 million of PPP loans, an increase of $74.6 million from the December 31, 2020 balance of $667.1 million. PPP loans are included in the commercial and industrial loan class, which was the largest loan class increase since December 31, 2020. Additionally, other loan classes that experienced large increases from December 31, 2020 were real estate construction and public finance and other commercial loans. The largest loan classes that experienced a decrease from December 31, 2020 were commercial real estate, non-owner occupied and agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers. Additional details of the changes in the Corporation's loans are discussed within NOTE 3. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE of the Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and the "LOAN QUALITY AND PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES ON LOANS" section of this Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Total investment securities increased $554.1 million from December 31, 2020 as the excess liquidity from deposit growth was used to invest in the bond portfolio, which was offset by a decline in net unrealized gains on the available for sale portfolio of $49.7 million. The net decrease in unrealized gains from December 31, 2020 to March 31, 2021 is primarily due to changes in interest rates. The longer term points on the yield curve have increased since year-end which decreases the fair value of securities held in the portfolio. Additionally, the overall increase in investment securities was also offset by the Corporation's adoption of CECL, which resulted in an allowance for credit loss of $245,000 recorded at adoption on the state and municipal securities in the held to maturity portfolio. Additional details of the changes in the Corporation's investment securities portfolio are discussed within NOTE 2. INVESTMENT SECURITIES of the Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
40

Table of Contents
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The Corporation’s allowance for credit losses - loans totaled $201.1 million as of March 31, 2021 and equaled 2.16 percent of total loans. The Corporation adopted the current expected credit losses ("CECL") model for calculating the allowance for credit losses on January 1, 2021. CECL replaces the previous "incurred loss" model for measuring credit losses, which encompassed allowances for current known and inherent losses within the portfolio, with an "expected loss" model for measuring credit losses, which encompasses allowances for losses expected to be incurred over the life of the portfolio. The new CECL model requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets measured at amortized cost and certain off-balance sheet credit exposures based on historical experiences, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. CECL also requires enhanced disclosures related to the significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as credit quality and underwriting standards of an organization's portfolio. The impact of the adoption was an increase to the Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans of $74.1 million. Additional details of the Allowance methodology and credit quality of the loan portfolio are discussed within NOTE 3. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE of the Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and within the “LOAN QUALITY AND PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES ON LOANS” section of this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The Corporation did not recognize any provision expense during the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to provision expense of $19.8 million during the same period of the prior year. Net charge-offs in the first quarter of 2021 were $3.6 million, compared to net charge-offs of $582,000 during the same period of 2020. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, there were three individual charge-offs greater than $500,000 that totaled $3.2 million, and for the three months ended March 31, 2020, there were not any charge-offs greater than $500,000. Non-accrual loans totaled $57.9 million, a decrease of $3.5 million from December 31, 2020, resulting in a coverage ratio of 347.2 percent..
The Corporation's net tax asset, deferred and receivable increased $27.8 million from December 31, 2020. As a result of the CECL adoption on January 1, 2021, the cumulative effect of adoption resulted in a deferred tax asset of $22.0 million. Additionally, the decrease in unrealized gains on available for sale investment securities resulted in a $10.4 million decline in the deferred tax liability. Both, the increase in deferred tax asset from CECL adoption and the decrease in deferred tax liability related to unrealized gains on available for sale investment securities, increase the net deferred tax asset.
The Corporation's other assets decreased $19.0 million from December 31, 2020. The Corporation's derivative asset (recorded in other assets) and derivative liability (recorded in other liabilities) related to interest rate contracts decreased $25.8 million and $26.1 million, respectively, from December 31, 2020. The decreases in valuations are due to a lower total notional balance and higher yield curve rates across the entire term point spectrum. The higher interest rates are the result of higher inflation expectations resulting from surging consumer demand observed in the market place.
As of March 31, 2021, total deposits equaled $12.0 billion, an increase of $590.2 million from December 31, 2020. The Corporation experienced increases from December 31, 2020 in demand and savings accounts of $424.7 million and $195.9 million, respectively. A portion of the increase is due to PPP loans that have remained on deposit, in addition to consumer Economic Impact Payments from the IRS that have also remained on deposit. Offsetting these increases were decreases in certificates of deposit and brokered deposits of $23.0 million and $7.5 million, respectively, from December 31, 2020. The low interest rate environment has resulted in customers moving funds from maturing time deposit products into non-maturity products due to similar rates offered for both products.
Total borrowings decreased $21.4 million as of March 31, 2021, compared to December 31, 2020. Federal Home Loan Bank advances decreased $30.1 million compared to December 31, 2020 as the Corporation utilized excess liquidity from deposit growth to pay off maturing advances. Offsetting this decrease was an increase in securities sold under repurchase agreements of $8.6 million.
The Corporation's other liabilities as of March 31, 2021 increased $62.2 million compared to December 31, 2020. As part of the CECL adoption on January 1, 2021, the Corporation recorded a $20.5 million allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures as a liability account representing expected credit losses over the contractual period for which the Corporation is exposed to credit risk resulting from a contractual obligation to extend credit. The Corporation also accrued $72.7 million of trade date accounting related to investment securities purchases as of March 31, 2021, of which, the accrual was $6.2 million as of December 31, 2020. Additionally, as noted above, the derivative hedge liability decreased $26.1 million from December 31, 2020.
The Corporation was able to maintain all regulatory capital ratios in excess of the regulatory definition of “well-capitalized.” Details of the Stock Repurchase Program and regulatory capital ratios are discussed within the “CAPITAL” section of this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
41

Table of Contents
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
NET INTEREST INCOME
Net interest income is the most significant component of our earnings, comprising 81 percent of revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Net interest income and margin are influenced by many factors, primarily the volume and mix of earning assets, funding sources, and interest rate fluctuations. Other factors include the level of accretion income on purchased loans, prepayment risk on mortgage and investment-related assets, and the composition and maturity of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Loans typically generate more interest income than investment securities with similar maturities. Funding from customer deposits generally cost less than wholesale funding sources. Factors such as general economic activity, Federal Reserve Board monetary policy, and price volatility of competing alternative investments, can also exert significant influence on our ability to optimize the mix of assets and funding and the net interest income and margin.
Net interest income is the excess of interest received from earning assets over interest paid on interest-bearing liabilities. For analytical purposes, net interest income is also presented on an FTE basis in the tables that follow to reflect what tax-exempt assets would need to yield in order to achieve the same after-tax yield as a taxable asset. The federal statutory rate of 21 percent was used for all periods, adjusted for the TEFRA interest disallowance applicable to certain tax-exempt obligations. The FTE analysis portrays the income tax benefits associated with tax-exempt assets and helps to facilitate a comparison between taxable and tax-exempt assets. Management believes that it is a standard practice in the banking industry to present net interest margin and net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent basis. Therefore, management believes these measures provide useful information for both management and investors by allowing them to make peer comparisons.
Net interest margin, on a tax equivalent basis, decreased 23 basis points to 3.23 percent for three months ended March 31, 2021 compared to 3.46 percent for the same period in 2020. Average earning assets for the three months ended March 31, 2021 increased $1.7 billion compared to the same period in 2020, and was primarily attributable to an increase in loans and investment securities of $709.9 million and $739.6 million, respectively. Since the beginning of the PPP in April 2020, the Bank has originated over $1.2 billion of PPP loans, which averaged $660.7 million in the first quarter of 2021. The increase in the investment securities portfolio was the result of excess liquidity generated from growth in deposits being used to invest in the bond portfolio.
In the first quarter of 2021, FTE asset yields decreased 86 basis points compared to the same period in 2020. This decrease was primarily a result of the FOMC's interest rate decreases of 50 basis points on March 3, 2020 and 100 basis points on March 16, 2020 at the Committee's special meetings related to COVID-19, and the decline in one-month LIBOR from March 31, 2020 to March 31, 2021 of 88 basis points. The PPP loans originated were recorded at an interest rate of only 1 percent, but the Corporation also recognized fee income of $7.6 million during the first quarter of 2021, which is included in interest income, and had a positive impact to net interest margin of 13 basis points.
The Corporation recognized fair value accretion income on purchased loans, which is included in interest income, of $4.7 million, which accounted for 6 basis points of net interest margin in the first quarter of 2021. Comparatively, the Corporation recognized $3.5 million of accretion income for the first quarter of 2020, or 12 basis points of net interest margin.
Interest costs decreased 78 basis points, contributing to a 8 basis point FTE decrease in net interest spread as compared to the same period in 2020. Interest costs have decreased as management aggressively moved deposit rates down in tandem with a decline in wholesale funding rates. Interest-bearing deposit and borrowing costs for the three months ended March 31, 2021 of 0.27 percent and 1.89 percent, respectively, decreased from 1.06 percent and 2.24 percent, respectively, during the same period in 2020.
42

Table of Contents
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following tables presents the Corporation’s average balance sheet, interest income/interest expense, and the average rate as a percent of average earning assets/liabilities for the three months ended March 31, 2021, and 2020.

(Dollars in Thousands) | Three Months Ended
| March 31, 2021 |  | March 31, 2020
| Average Balance |  | Interest Income / Expense |  | Average Rate |  | Average Balance |  | Interest Income / Expense |  | Average Rate
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing deposits | $ | 441,254 |  |  | $ | 114 |  |  | 0.10 | % |  | $ | 159,859 |  |  | $ | 575 |  |  | 1.44 | %
Federal Home Loan Bank stock | 28,736 |  |  | 178 |  |  | 2.48 |  |  | 28,737 |  |  | 299 |  |  | 4.16 |
Investment Securities: (1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Taxable | 1,494,008 |  |  | 6,695 |  |  | 1.79 |  |  | 1,368,546 |  |  | 7,631 |  |  | 2.23 |
Tax-Exempt (2) | 1,822,899 |  |  | 15,677 |  |  | 3.44 |  |  | 1,208,717 |  |  | 11,816 |  |  | 3.91 |
Total Investment Securities | 3,316,907 |  |  | 22,372 |  |  | 2.70 |  |  | 2,577,263 |  |  | 19,447 |  |  | 3.02 |
Loans held for sale | 16,139 |  |  | 156 |  |  | 3.87 |  |  | 17,217 |  |  | 193 |  |  | 4.48 |
Loans: (3) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial | 6,876,818 |  |  | 69,174 |  |  | 4.02 |  |  | 6,235,336 |  |  | 76,952 |  |  | 4.94 |
Real Estate Mortgage | 975,262 |  |  | 9,286 |  |  | 3.81 |  |  | 870,654 |  |  | 10,402 |  |  | 4.78 |
Installment | 674,307 |  |  | 6,489 |  |  | 3.85 |  |  | 759,614 |  |  | 9,105 |  |  | 4.79 |
Tax-Exempt (2) | 693,895 |  |  | 6,758 |  |  | 3.90 |  |  | 643,750 |  |  | 6,728 |  |  | 4.18 |
Total Loans | 9,236,421 |  |  | 91,863 |  |  | 3.98 |  |  | 8,526,571 |  |  | 103,380 |  |  | 4.85 |
Total Earning Assets | 13,023,318 |  |  | 114,527 |  |  | 3.52 | % |  | 11,292,430 |  |  | 123,701 |  |  | 4.38 | %
Net unrealized gain on securities available for sale | 55,658 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 48,656 |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses | (204,353) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (81,160) |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | 165,774 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 159,757 |  |  |  |  |
Premises and equipment | 110,992 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 113,812 |  |  |  |  |
Other assets | 1,093,350 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,039,743 |  |  |  |  |
Total Assets | $ | 14,244,739 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 12,573,238 |  |  |  |  |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing deposits: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing deposits | $ | 4,616,988 |  |  | $ | 3,709 |  |  | 0.32 | % |  | $ | 3,589,240 |  |  | $ | 8,276 |  |  | 0.92 | %
Money market deposits | 2,086,322 |  |  | 835 |  |  | 0.16 |  |  | 1,535,844 |  |  | 3,783 |  |  | 0.99 |
Savings deposits | 1,660,528 |  |  | 476 |  |  | 0.11 |  |  | 1,425,054 |  |  | 1,827 |  |  | 0.51 |
Certificates and other time deposits | 859,334 |  |  | 1,180 |  |  | 0.55 |  |  | 1,666,642 |  |  | 7,862 |  |  | 1.89 |
Total Interest-bearing Deposits | 9,223,172 |  |  | 6,200 |  |  | 0.27 |  |  | 8,216,780 |  |  | 21,748 |  |  | 1.06 |
Borrowings | 675,117 |  |  | 3,188 |  |  | 1.89 |  |  | 748,185 |  |  | 4,182 |  |  | 2.24 |
Total Interest-bearing Liabilities | 9,898,289 |  |  | 9,388 |  |  | 0.38 |  |  | 8,964,965 |  |  | 25,930 |  |  | 1.16 |
Noninterest-bearing deposits | 2,344,746 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,669,493 |  |  |  |  |
Other liabilities | 161,272 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 122,362 |  |  |  |  |
Total Liabilities | 12,404,307 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 10,756,820 |  |  |  |  |
Stockholders' Equity | 1,840,432 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,816,418 |  |  |  |  |
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity | $ | 14,244,739 |  |  | 9,388 |  |  |  |  | $ | 12,573,238 |  |  | 25,930 |  |  |
Net Interest Income (FTE) |  |  | $ | 105,139 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 97,771 |  |  |
Net Interest Spread (FTE) (4) |  |  |  |  | 3.14 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 3.22 | %
Net Interest Margin (FTE): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest Income (FTE) / Average Earning Assets |  |  |  |  | 3.52 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 4.38 | %
Interest Expense / Average Earning Assets |  |  |  |  | 0.29 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 0.92 | %
Net Interest Margin (FTE) (5) |  |  |  |  | 3.23 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 3.46 | %
(1) Average balance of securities is computed based on the average of the historical amortized cost balances without the effects of the fair value adjustments. Annualized amounts are computed utilizing a 30/360 day basis.
(2) Tax-exempt securities and loans are presented on a fully taxable equivalent basis, using a marginal tax rate of 21 percent for 2021 and 2020. These totals equal $4,711 and $3,894 for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
(3) Non-accruing loans have been included in the average balances. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(4) Net Interest Spread (FTE) is interest income expressed as a percentage of average earning assets minus interest expense expressed as a percentage of average interest-bearing liabilities.
(5) Net Interest Margin (FTE) is interest income expressed as a percentage of average earning assets minus interest expense expressed as a percentage of average earning assets.

43

Table of Contents
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
NON-INTEREST INCOME
Non-interest income totaled $24.1 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2021, a $5.7 million, or 19.2 percent decline from the first quarter of 2020. Customer-specific line items accounted for $2.8 million of the decrease driven by lower derivative hedge fees and the impact of the Durbin Amendment adoption on card payment fees. Additionally, net realized gains on the sales of available for sale securities decreased $2.8 million in the first quarter of 2021 when compared to the same period in 2020.
NON-INTEREST EXPENSE
Non-interest expense totaled $66.1 million for the first quarter of 2021 and remained consistent with the first quarter of 2020 expense total of $66.2 million. The largest increases in the comparative first quarter periods were in net occupancy and equipment costs, which primarily resulted from additional expenses incurred to continue established social distancing and cleaning protocols resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. The largest offsetting decrease, when comparing first quarter of 2021 to first quarter of 2020, was in customer-related travel and entertainment, which was also caused by COVID-19 pandemic.
INCOME TAXES
Income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was $8,952,000 on pre-tax net income of $58,421,000. For the same period in 2020, income tax expense was $3,490,000 on pre-tax net income of $37,753,000. The effective income tax rate was 15.3 percent for the first quarter of 2021 and 9.2 percent for the first quarter of 2020.
The lower effective income tax rate for the comparative period ended March 31, 2020 was driven by two factors. First, an abnormally high level of loan provision expense as a result of the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic reduced taxable income, and when coupled with an increase in tax-exempt income, the benefit of non-taxable income increased. Secondly, the CARES Act provided for the carryback of certain federal net operating losses to a prior period with a rate differential between the 2020 statutory rate of 21 percent and the rate in effect during the carryback year.
The detailed reconciliation of federal statutory to actual tax expense is shown in NOTE 10. INCOME TAX of the Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
CAPITAL
Stockholders' Equity
The Corporation adopted the current expected credit losses ("CECL") model for calculating the allowance for credit losses on January 1, 2021. CECL replaces the previous "incurred loss" model for measuring credit losses, which encompassed allowances for current known and inherent losses within the portfolio, with an "expected loss" model for measuring credit losses, which encompasses allowances for losses expected to be incurred over the life of the portfolio. As of the adoption and day one measurement date of January 1, 2021, the Corporation recorded a one-time cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings, net of income taxes, of $68.0 million. See additional details of the Corporation's CECL adoption in NOTE 3. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE of the Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Stock Repurchase Program
On September 3, 2019, the Board of Directors of the Corporation approved a stock repurchase program of up to 3 million shares of the Corporation's outstanding common stock; provided, however, that the total aggregate investment in shares repurchased under the program was not to exceed $75 million. On a share basis, the amount of common stock subject to the repurchase program represented approximately 5 percent of the Corporation's outstanding shares. During the first quarter of 2020, the Corporation repurchased 1,634,437 of its common shares for $55.9 million at an average price of $34.21, which resulted in the aggregate investment in share repurchases of $75.0 million, the maximum allowable under the plan. As such, the September 2019 program terminated upon its own terms following the repurchases.
On January 27, 2021, the Board of Directors of the Corporation approved a stock repurchase program of up to 3,333,000 shares of the Corporation's outstanding common stock; provided, however, that the total aggregate investment in shares repurchased under the program may not exceed $100,000,000. On a share basis, the amount of common stock subject to the repurchase program represents approximately 6 percent of the Corporation's outstanding shares. The Corporation has not made any repurchases under the January 2021 program as of March 31, 2021.
Regulatory Capital
Capital adequacy is an important indicator of financial stability and performance. The Corporation and the Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies and are assigned to a capital category. The assigned capital category is largely determined by four ratios that are calculated according to the regulations: total risk-based capital, tier 1 risk-based capital, CET1, and tier 1 leverage ratios. The ratios are intended to measure capital relative to assets and credit risk associated with those assets and off-balance sheet exposures of the entity. The capital category assigned to an entity can also be affected by qualitative judgments made by regulatory agencies about the risk inherent in the entity's activities that are not part of the calculated ratios.
44

Table of Contents
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
There are five capital categories defined in the regulations, ranging from well capitalized to critically undercapitalized. Classification of a bank in any of the undercapitalized categories can result in actions by regulators that could have a material effect on a bank's operations. Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of total and tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets, and of tier 1 capital to average assets, or leverage ratio, all of which are calculated as defined in the
regulations. Banks with lower capital levels are deemed to be undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized or critically undercapitalized, depending on their actual levels. The appropriate federal regulatory agency may also downgrade a bank to the next lower capital category upon a determination that the bank is in an unsafe or unsound practice. Banks are required to monitor closely their capital levels and to notify their appropriate regulatory agency of any basis for a change in capital category.
Basel III was effective for the Corporation on January 1, 2015 and requires the Corporation and the Bank to maintain the minimum capital and
leverage ratios as defined in the regulation and as illustrated in the table below, which capital to risk-weighted asset ratios include a 2.5 percent capital conservation buffer. Under Basel III, in order to avoid limitations on capital distributions, including dividends, the Corporation must hold a 2.5 percent capital conservation buffer above the adequately capitalized CET1 to risk-weighted assets ratio (which buffer is reflected in the required ratios below). Under Basel III, the Corporation and Bank elected to opt-out of including accumulated other comprehensive income in regulatory capital. As of March 31, 2021, the Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to be considered well capitalized under the fully phased-in Basel III capital rules. There is no threshold for well capitalized status for bank holding companies.
As part of a March 27, 2020 joint statement of federal banking regulators, an interim final rule that allowed banking organizations to mitigate the effects of the CECL accounting standard on their regulatory capital was announced. Banking organizations could elect to mitigate the estimated cumulative regulatory capital effects of CECL for up to two years. This two-year delay was to be in addition to the three-year transition period that federal banking regulators had already made available. While the CAA provided for a further extension of the mandatory adoption of CECL to the earlier of the first day of the fiscal year that begins after the date on which the national emergency concerning COVID-19 terminates, or January 1, 2022, the federal banking regulators have elected to not provide a similar extension to the two year mitigation period applicable to regulatory capital effects. Instead, the federal banking regulators require that, in order to utilize the additional two-year delay, banking organizations must have adopted the CECL standard no later than December 31, 2020, as required by the CARES Act.
The Corporation elected to delay implementation of ASU No. 2016-13 until January 1, 2021 and, as a result, will recognize the implementation effects of CECL on its regulatory capital over a three-year transition period. Beginning on January 1, 2021, the Corporation phased in 25 percent of the deferred capital impact of CECL, with an additional 25 percent to be phased in at the beginning of the following three years, resulting in the impact being fully phased in on January 1, 2024.
The Corporation's and Bank's actual and required capital ratios as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were as follows:

|  |  | Prompt Corrective Action Thresholds
| Actual |  | Basel III Minimum Capital Required |  | Well Capitalized
March 31, 2021 | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio
Total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
First Merchants Corporation | $ | 1,487,455 |  |  | 14.33 | % |  | $ | 1,090,253 |  |  | 10.50 | % |  | N/A |  | N/A
First Merchants Bank | 1,404,801 |  |  | 13.49 |  |  | 1,093,668 |  |  | 10.50 |  |  | $ | 1,041,589 |  |  | 10.00 | %
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
First Merchants Corporation | $ | 1,291,394 |  |  | 12.44 | % |  | $ | 882,586 |  |  | 8.50 | % |  | N/A |  | N/A
First Merchants Bank | 1,273,339 |  |  | 12.22 |  |  | 885,350 |  |  | 8.50 |  |  | $ | 833,271 |  |  | 8.00 | %
CET1 capital to risk-weighted assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
First Merchants Corporation | $ | 1,244,967 |  |  | 11.99 | % |  | $ | 726,835 |  |  | 7.00 | % |  | N/A |  | N/A
First Merchants Bank | 1,273,339 |  |  | 12.22 |  |  | 729,112 |  |  | 7.00 |  |  | $ | 677,033 |  |  | 6.50 | %
Tier 1 capital to average assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
First Merchants Corporation | $ | 1,291,394 |  |  | 9.41 | % |  | $ | 548,791 |  |  | 4.00 | % |  | N/A |  | N/A
First Merchants Bank | 1,273,339 |  |  | 9.31 |  |  | 546,920 |  |  | 4.00 |  |  | $ | 683,650 |  |  | 5.00 | %

|  |  | Prompt Corrective Action Thresholds
| Actual |  | Basel III Minimum Capital Required |  | Well Capitalized
December 31, 2020 | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio
Total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
First Merchants Corporation | $ | 1,475,551 |  |  | 14.36 | % |  | $ | 1,079,015 |  |  | 10.50 | % |  | N/A |  | N/A
First Merchants Bank | 1,412,805 |  |  | 13.70 |  |  | 1,082,430 |  |  | 10.50 |  |  | $ | 1,030,886 |  |  | 10.00 | %
Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
First Merchants Corporation | $ | 1,282,070 |  |  | 12.48 | % |  | $ | 873,488 |  |  | 8.50 | % |  | N/A |  | N/A
First Merchants Bank | 1,283,922 |  |  | 12.45 |  |  | 876,253 |  |  | 8.50 |  |  | $ | 824,708 |  |  | 8.00 | %
CET1 capital to risk-weighted assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
First Merchants Corporation | $ | 1,235,702 |  |  | 12.02 | % |  | $ | 719,343 |  |  | 7.00 | % |  | N/A |  | N/A
First Merchants Bank | 1,283,922 |  |  | 12.45 |  |  | 721,620 |  |  | 7.00 |  |  | $ | 670,076 |  |  | 6.50 | %
Tier 1 capital to average assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
First Merchants Corporation | $ | 1,282,070 |  |  | 9.57 | % |  | $ | 536,123 |  |  | 4.00 | % |  | N/A |  | N/A
First Merchants Bank | 1,283,922 |  |  | 9.59 |  |  | 535,279 |  |  | 4.00 |  |  | $ | 669,098 |  |  | 5.00 | %

45

Table of Contents
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
On April 9, 2020, federal banking regulators issued an interim final rule to modify the Basel III regulatory capital rules applicable to banking organizations to allow those organizations participating in the PPP to neutralize the regulatory capital effects of participating in the program. The interim final rule, which became effective April 13, 2020, clarifies that PPP loans receive a zero percent risk weight for purposes of determining risk-weighted assets and the CET1, Tier 1 and Total Risk-Based capital ratios. At March 31, 2021, risk-weighted assets included $741.7 million of PPP loans at a zero risk weight. Additionally, in order to facilitate use of the PPPL Facility, the agencies have clarified that banking organizations, including the Corporation and the Bank, are allowed to neutralize the regulatory effects of PPP covered loans on the risk-based capital ratios, as well as PPP covered loans pledged under the PPPL Facility on the leverage capital ratios. The Bank has until June 30, 2021 to access funds under the PPPL Facility, unless further extended by the Federal Reserve and the Department of the Treasury. At March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Corporation did not have an outstanding balance with the PPPL Facility; therefore there were no adjustments to the leverage ratio for PPP loans.
Management believes that all of the above capital ratios are meaningful measurements for evaluating the safety and soundness of the Corporation. Traditionally, the banking regulators have assessed bank and bank holding company capital adequacy based on both the amount and the composition of capital, the calculation of which is prescribed in federal banking regulations. The Federal Reserve focuses its assessment of capital adequacy on a component of Tier 1 capital known as CET1. Because the Federal Reserve has long indicated that voting common shareholders' equity (essentially Tier 1 risk-based capital less preferred stock and non-controlling interest in subsidiaries) generally should be the dominant element in Tier 1 risk-based capital, this focus on CET1 is consistent with existing capital adequacy categories. Tier I regulatory capital consists primarily of total stockholders’ equity and subordinated debentures issued to business trusts categorized as qualifying borrowings, less non-qualifying intangible assets and unrealized net securities gains or losses.

| March 31, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) | First Merchants Corporation |  | First Merchants Bank |  | First Merchants Corporation |  | First Merchants Bank
Total Risk-Based Capital |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total Stockholders' Equity (GAAP) | $ | 1,805,856 |  |  | $ | 1,836,502 |  |  | $ | 1,875,645 |  |  | $ | 1,926,269 |
Adjust for Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Income) Loss (1) | (35,810) |  |  | (38,532) |  |  | (74,836) |  |  | (77,687) |
Less: Preferred Stock | (125) |  |  | (125) |  |  | (125) |  |  | (125) |
Add: Qualifying Capital Securities | 46,427 |  |  | — |  |  | 46,368 |  |  | — |
Less: Disallowed Goodwill and Intangible Assets | (563,889) |  |  | (563,441) |  |  | (564,982) |  |  | (564,535) |
Add: Modified CECL Transition Amount | 40,314 |  |  | 40,314 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Less: Disallowed Deferred Tax Assets | (1,379) |  |  | (1,379) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total Tier 1 Capital (Regulatory) | 1,291,394 |  |  | 1,273,339 |  |  | 1,282,070 |  |  | 1,283,922 |
Qualifying Subordinated Debentures | 65,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 65,000 |  |  | — |
Allowance for Loan Losses Includible in Tier 2 Capital | 131,061 |  |  | 131,462 |  |  | 128,481 |  |  | 128,883 |
Total Risk-Based Capital (Regulatory) | $ | 1,487,455 |  |  | $ | 1,404,801 |  |  | $ | 1,475,551 |  |  | $ | 1,412,805 |
Net Risk-Weighted Assets (Regulatory) | $ | 10,383,360 |  |  | $ | 10,415,888 |  |  | $ | 10,276,333 |  |  | $ | 10,308,855 |
Average Assets (Regulatory) | $ | 13,719,785 |  |  | $ | 13,672,992 |  |  | $ | 13,403,065 |  |  | $ | 13,381,969 |
Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio (Regulatory) | 14.33 | % |  | 13.49 | % |  | 14.36 | % |  | 13.70 | %
Tier 1 Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets | 12.44 | % |  | 12.22 | % |  | 12.48 | % |  | 12.45 | %
Tier 1 Capital to Average Assets | 9.41 | % |  | 9.31 | % |  | 9.57 | % |  | 9.59 | %
CET1 Capital Ratio |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total Tier 1 Capital (Regulatory) | $ | 1,291,394 |  |  | $ | 1,273,339 |  |  | $ | 1,282,070 |  |  | $ | 1,283,922 |
Less: Qualified Capital Securities | (46,427) |  |  | — |  |  | (46,368) |  |  | — |
CET1 Capital (Regulatory) | $ | 1,244,967 |  |  | $ | 1,273,339 |  |  | $ | 1,235,702 |  |  | $ | 1,283,922 |
Net Risk-Weighted Assets (Regulatory) | $ | 10,383,360 |  |  | $ | 10,415,888 |  |  | $ | 10,276,333 |  |  | $ | 10,308,855 |
CET1 Capital Ratio (Regulatory) | 11.99 | % |  | 12.22 | % |  | 12.02 | % |  | 12.45 | %

(1) Includes net unrealized gains or losses on available for sale securities, net gains or losses on cash flow hedges, and amounts resulting from the application of the applicable accounting guidance for defined benefit and other postretirement plans.
Additionally, management believes the following tables are also meaningful when considering performance measures of the Corporation. Non-GAAP financial measures such as tangible common equity to tangible assets, return on average tangible capital and return on average tangible assets are important measures of the strength of the Corporation's capital and ability to generate earnings on tangible common equity invested by our shareholders. These non-GAAP measures provide useful supplemental information and may assist investors in analyzing the
Corporation’s financial position without regard to the effects of intangible assets and preferred stock. Disclosure of these measures also allows analysts and banking regulators to assess our capital adequacy on these same bases.
Because these measures are not defined in GAAP or federal banking regulations, they are considered non-GAAP financial measures. Non-GAAP financial measures have inherent limitations, are not required to be uniformly applied, and are not audited. Although these non-GAAP financial measures are frequently used by investors to evaluate a company, they have limitations as analytical tools, and should not be considered in isolation, or as a substitute for analyses of results as reported under GAAP.
46

Table of Contents
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The Corporation had a strong capital position as evidenced by the tangible common equity to tangible assets ratio of 8.78 percent at March 31, 2021, and 9.65 percent at December 31, 2020.

| Tangible Common Equity to Tangible Assets (non-GAAP)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) | March 31, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Total Stockholders' Equity (GAAP) | $ | 1,805,856 |  |  | $ | 1,875,645 |
Less: Cumulative preferred stock (GAAP) | (125) |  |  | (125) |
Less: Intangible assets (GAAP) | (571,536) |  |  | (572,893) |
Tangible common equity (non-GAAP) | $ | 1,234,195 |  |  | $ | 1,302,627 |
Total assets (GAAP) | $ | 14,629,066 |  |  | $ | 14,067,210 |
Less: Intangible assets (GAAP) | (571,536) |  |  | (572,893) |
Tangible assets (non-GAAP) | $ | 14,057,530 |  |  | $ | 13,494,317 |
Stockholders' Equity to Assets (GAAP) | 12.34 | % |  | 13.33 | %
Tangible common equity to tangible assets (non-GAAP) | 8.78 | % |  | 9.65 | %
Tangible common equity (non-GAAP) | $ | 1,234,195 |  |  | $ | 1,302,627 |
Plus: Tax Benefit of intangibles (non-GAAP) | 5,710 |  |  | 5,989 |
Tangible common equity, net of tax (non-GAAP) | $ | 1,239,905 |  |  | $ | 1,308,616 |
Common Stock outstanding | 53,954 |  |  | 53,922 |
Book Value (GAAP) | $ | 33.47 |  |  | $ | 34.78 |
Tangible book value - common (non-GAAP) | $ | 22.98 |  |  | $ | 24.27 |

The following table details and reconciles tangible earnings per share, return on tangible capital and tangible assets to traditional GAAP measures for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

| Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  |  |  |
Average goodwill (GAAP) | $ | 543,919 |  |  | $ | 543,919 |  |  |  |  |
Average core deposit intangible (GAAP) | 28,427 |  |  | 34,335 |  |  |  |  |
Average deferred tax on CDI (GAAP) | (5,877) |  |  | (7,129) |  |  |  |  |
Intangible adjustment (non-GAAP) | $ | 566,469 |  |  | $ | 571,125 |  |  |  |  |
Average stockholders' equity (GAAP) | $ | 1,840,432 |  |  | $ | 1,816,418 |  |  |  |  |
Average cumulative preferred stock (GAAP) | (125) |  |  | (125) |  |  |  |  |
Intangible adjustment (non-GAAP) | (566,469) |  |  | (571,125) |  |  |  |  |
Average tangible capital (non-GAAP) | $ | 1,273,838 |  |  | $ | 1,245,168 |  |  |  |  |
Average assets (GAAP) | $ | 14,244,739 |  |  | $ | 12,573,238 |  |  |  |  |
Intangible adjustment (non-GAAP) | (566,469) |  |  | (571,125) |  |  |  |  |
Average tangible assets (non-GAAP) | $ | 13,678,270 |  |  | $ | 12,002,113 |  |  |  |  |
Net income available to common stockholders (GAAP) | $ | 49,469 |  |  | $ | 34,263 |  |  |  |  |
CDI amortization, net of tax (GAAP) | 1,072 |  |  | 1,197 |  |  |  |  |
Tangible net income available to common stockholders (non-GAAP) | $ | 50,541 |  |  | $ | 35,460 |  |  |  |  |
Per Share Data: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Diluted net income available to common stockholders (GAAP) | $ | 0.91 |  |  | $ | 0.62 |  |  |  |  |
Diluted tangible net income available to common stockholders (non-GAAP) | $ | 0.93 |  |  | $ | 0.65 |  |  |  |  |
Ratios: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Return on average GAAP capital (ROE) | 10.75 | % |  | 7.55 | % |  |  |  |
Return on average tangible capital | 15.87 | % |  | 11.39 | % |  |  |  |
Return on average assets (ROA) | 1.39 | % |  | 1.09 | % |  |  |  |
Return on average tangible assets | 1.48 | % |  | 1.18 | % |  |  |  |

Return on average tangible capital is tangible net income available to common stockholders (annualized) expressed as a percentage of average tangible capital. Return on average tangible assets is tangible net income available to common stockholders (annualized) expressed as a percentage of average tangible assets.
47

Table of Contents
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
LOAN QUALITY AND PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES ON LOANS
The Corporation’s primary lending focus is small business and middle market commercial, commercial real estate and residential real estate, which results in portfolio diversification. Commercial loans are individually underwritten and judgmentally risk rated. They are periodically monitored and prompt corrective actions are taken on deteriorating loans. Consumer loans are typically underwritten with statistical decision-making tools and are managed throughout their life cycle on a portfolio basis.
Loan Quality
The quality of the loan portfolio and the amount of non-performing loans may increase or decrease as a result of acquisitions, organic portfolio growth, problem loan recognition and resolution through collections, sales or charge-offs. The performance of any loan can be affected by external factors such as economic conditions, or internal factors specific to a particular borrower, such as the actions of a customer's internal management.
At March 31, 2021, non-performing loans totaled $58.6 million, a decrease of $6.1 million from December 31, 2020. Loans not accruing interest income totaled $57.9 million at March 31, 2021, a decrease of $3.6 million from December 31, 2020. The decrease in the non- accrual loan balance was attributed to partial charge-offs related to three loans. Two of the loans are in the senior living sector with remaining balances, net of specific reserves, totaling $23.4 million and the third is a medical office building with a remaining loan balance of $164,000.
Other real estate owned and repossessions, totaling $604,000 at March 31, 2021, decreased $336,000 from December 31, 2020. For other real estate owned, current appraisals are obtained to determine fair value as management continues to aggressively market these real estate assets.
According to guidance set forth in ASC 326-20-35, loans that no longer exhibit similar risk characteristics are evaluated individually to determine if there is a need for a specific reserve. Commercial loans under $500,000 and consumer loans, with the exception of troubled debt restructures, are not individually evaluated. The determination for individual evaluation is made based on current information or events that may suggest it is probable that not all amounts due of principal and interest, according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, will be substantially collected.
The Corporation's non-performing assets plus accruing loans 90 days or more delinquent and individually evaluated loans are presented in the table below.

(Dollars in Thousands) |  | March 31, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Non-Performing Assets: |  |  |  |
Non-accrual loans |  | $ | 57,923 |  |  | $ | 61,471 |
Renegotiated loans |  | 655 |  |  | 3,240 |
Non-performing loans (NPL) |  | 58,578 |  |  | 64,711 |
OREO and Repossessions |  | 604 |  |  | 940 |
Non-performing assets (NPA) |  | 59,182 |  |  | 65,651 |
Loans 90-days or more delinquent and still accruing |  | 1,093 |  |  | 746 |
NPAs and loans 90-days or more delinquent |  | $ | 60,275 |  |  | $ | 66,397 |

The non-accrual balances in the table above include troubled debt loan restructures totaling $1.8 million and $1.7 million as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
The composition of non-performing assets plus accruing loans 90-days or more delinquent is reflected in the following table.

(Dollars in Thousands) | March 31, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Non-performing assets and loans 90-days or more delinquent: |  |  |
Commercial and industrial loans | $ | 1,671 |  |  | $ | 2,923 |
Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers | 1,220 |  |  | 1,012 |
Real estate loans: |  |  |
Construction | 330 |  |  | 435 |
Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied | 44,239 |  |  | 47,548 |
Commercial real estate, owner occupied | 2,792 |  |  | 3,040 |
Residential | 7,185 |  |  | 9,034 |
Home equity | 2,710 |  |  | 2,350 |
Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures | 128 |  |  | 55 |
Non-performing assets and loans 90-days or more delinquent: | $ | 60,275 |  |  | $ | 66,397 |

48

Table of Contents
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
On March 22, 2020, a statement was issued by the Bank's banking regulators and titled the “Interagency Statement on Loan Modifications and Reporting for Financial Institutions Working with Customers Affected by the Coronavirus” (the "Interagency Statement") that encourages financial institutions to work prudently with borrowers who are or may be unable to meet their contractual payment obligations due to the effects of COVID-19. Additionally, Section 4013 of the CARES Act further provides that a qualified loan modification is exempt by law from classification as a troubled debt restructure as defined by GAAP, from the period beginning March 1, 2020 until the earlier of December 31, 2020 or the date that is 60 days after the date on which the national emergency concerning the COVID-19 outbreak under the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.) terminates. The Interagency Statement was subsequently revised on April 7, 2020 to clarify the interaction of the original guidance with Section 4013 of the CARES Act, as well as setting forth the banking regulators’ views on consumer protection considerations. In accordance with such guidance, the Bank has offered short-term modifications made in response to COVID-19 to borrowers who were current and otherwise not past due. These included short-term, 180 days or less, modifications primarily in the form of payment deferrals. Modifications in the form of fee waivers, extensions of repayment terms, or other delays in payment that are insignificant were also made.
On December 27, 2020, a $900 billion COVID-19 relief package, as passed by the U.S. Congress, was signed into law as part of the 2021 Consolidated Appropriations Act (the “CAA”) that provides federal government funding through the end of its 2021 fiscal year. In addition to delivering direct stimulus payments to certain individuals, an increase in unemployment insurance benefits, an extension of the eviction moratorium, relief to the healthcare industry, and additional aid to various other businesses, the COVID-19-related provisions of the CAA provide for (i) an additional $284 billion in funding for the PPP, through March 31, 2021, and the establishment of PPP second draw loans, (ii) an extension of the temporary delay for implementation of the CECL accounting standard, and (iii) further suspension of the troubled debt restructure assessment and reporting requirements for financial institutions under GAAP. Certain borrowers that had obtained a PPP loan in 2020 (a “first draw PPP loan”) became eligible on January 19, 2021 to apply for a “second draw PPP loan” on generally the same terms and conditions as their first draw loans. However, the eligibility requirements for a second draw PPP loan are much narrower than the eligibility requirements for a first draw PPP loan. The following table summarizes modifications that remained in deferment as of March 31, 2021.

| March 31, 2021
| Recorded Balance |  | Number of Loans
Commercial and industrial loans | $ | 13,984 |  |  | 11 |
Real estate loans: |  |  |
Construction | 4,360 |  |  | 1 |
Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied | 43,530 |  |  | 10 |
Commercial real estate, owner occupied | 1,865 |  |  | 6 |
Residential | 1,026 |  |  | 8 |
Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures | 291 |  |  | 13 |
Total | $ | 65,056 |  |  | 49 |

Of the loans still in deferment at March 31, 2021 as indicated in the table above, $46.6 million, or 72 percent of the balance, were in the hotel industry. Although the Corporation believes its underwriting and loan review procedures are appropriate for the various kinds of loans it makes, its results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected in the event the quality of its loan portfolio declines. Deterioration in the economic environment including residential and commercial real estate values may result in increased levels of loan delinquencies and credit losses.
Provision and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans
The Corporation adopted FASB Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments ("CECL") on January 1, 2021. CECL replaces the previous "incurred loss" model with an "expected loss" model of measuring credit losses, which encompasses allowances for losses expected to be incurred over the life of the portfolio. The new CECL model requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets measured at amortized cost based on historical experiences, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. CECL also requires enhanced disclosures related to the significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as credit quality and underwriting standards of an organization's portfolio.
The CECL allowance is maintained through the provision for loan losses, which is a charge against earnings. Based on management’s judgment as to the appropriate level of the allowance for loan losses, the amount provided in any period may be greater or less than net loan losses for the same period. The determination of the provision amount and the adequacy of the allowance in any period is based on management’s continuing review and evaluation of the loan portfolio.
The Corporation’s total loan balance increased $75.1 million from December 31, 2020 to $9.3 billion at March 31, 2021. PPP loans accounted for $741.7 million of the total loan balance at March 31, 2021. At March 31, 2021, the allowance for credit losses totaled $201.1 million, which represents an increase of $70.4 million from December 31, 2020. The allowance increase was primarily due to the day one cumulative effect adjustment related to the adoption of CECL. As a percent of loans, the allowance for credit losses was 2.16 percent at March 31, 2021 compared to 1.41 percent at December 31, 2020. The allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total loans less PPP loans was 2.34 percent as of March 31, 2021. The Bank anticipates that a majority of the PPP loans will ultimately be forgiven, in whole or in part, by the SBA as, in accordance with the terms of the PPP, the loans are fully guaranteed by the SBA.
49

Table of Contents
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
There was no provision for credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2021 compared to $19.8 million for the same period of 2020. The first quarter 2020 provision reflected an increase in the reserve related to the estimated impact on the economy and the credit quality of our loan portfolio due to the emerging COVID-19 pandemic. The Corporation adopted CECL effective January 1, 2021 and recorded a day one cumulative effect adjustment which increased the Allowance for Credit Losses for Loans to $204.7 million. Net charge-offs lowered the allowance to $201.1 million. The Corporation deems this estimate for loan portfolio credit exposure as appropriate, thus there was no related provision in the first quarter 2021.
Net charge-offs totaling $3.6 million and $582,000, respectively, were recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, there were three individual charge-offs greater than $500,000 that totaled $3.2 million, and for the three months ended March 31, 2020, there were not any charge-offs greater than $500,000. There have been no individual recoveries greater than $500,000 for either reporting period. The distribution of the net charge-offs (recoveries) for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 are reflected in the following table:

| Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
(Dollars in Thousands) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  |  |  |
Net charge-offs (Recoveries): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial loans | $ | 484 |  |  | $ | 129 |  |  |  |  |
Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers | 1 |  |  | 43 |  |  |  |  |
Real estate loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction | 2 |  |  | (37) |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied | 2,511 |  |  | 19 |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate, owner occupied | 638 |  |  | 83 |  |  |  |  |
Residential | 72 |  |  | (7) |  |  |  |  |
Home equity | (165) |  |  | 145 |  |  |  |  |
Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures | 78 |  |  | 207 |  |  |  |  |
Total net charge-offs | $ | 3,621 |  |  | $ | 582 |  |  |  |  |

Management continually evaluates the commercial loan portfolio by including consideration of specific borrower cash flow analysis and estimated collateral values, types and amounts on non-performing loans, past and anticipated loan loss experience, changes in the composition of the loan portfolio, and the current condition and amount of loans outstanding. The determination of the provision for loan losses in any period is based on management’s continuing review and evaluation of the loan portfolio, and its judgment as to the impact of current economic conditions on the portfolio.
LIQUIDITY
Liquidity management is the process by which the Corporation ensures that adequate liquid funds are available for the holding company and its subsidiaries. These funds are necessary in order to meet financial commitments on a timely basis. These commitments include withdrawals by depositors, funding credit obligations to borrowers, paying dividends to stockholders, paying operating expenses, funding capital expenditures, and maintaining deposit reserve requirements. Liquidity is monitored and closely managed by the asset/liability committee.
The Corporation’s liquidity is dependent upon the receipt of dividends from the Bank, which is subject to certain regulatory limitations and access to other funding sources. Liquidity of the Bank is derived primarily from core deposit growth, principal payments received on loans, the sale and maturity of investment securities, net cash provided by operating activities, and access to other funding sources.
The principal source of asset-funded liquidity is investment securities classified as available for sale, the market values of which totaled $2.4 billion at March 31, 2021, an increase of $486.4 million, or 25.4 percent, from December 31, 2020. Securities classified as held to maturity that are maturing within a short period of time can also be a source of liquidity. Securities classified as held to maturity and that are maturing in one year or less totaled $9.1 million at March 31, 2021. In addition, other types of assets such as cash and interest-bearing deposits with other banks, federal funds sold and loans maturing within one year are sources of liquidity.
The most stable source of liability-funded liquidity for both the long-term and short-term is deposit growth and retention in the core deposit base. Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase are also considered a source of liquidity. In addition, FHLB advances are utilized as a funding source. At March 31, 2021, total borrowings from the FHLB were $359.3 million The Bank has pledged certain mortgage loans and investments to the FHLB. The total available remaining borrowing capacity from the FHLB at March 31, 2021 was $714.6 million.
The Corporation and the Bank receive outside credit ratings from Moody's. Both the Corporation and the Bank currently have Issuer Ratings of Baa1 with a Rating Outlook of Stable. Additionally, the Bank has a Baseline Credit Assessment Rating of a3. Management considers these ratings to be indications of a sound capital base and strong liquidity and believes that these ratings would help ensure the ready marketability of its commercial paper. Because of the Corporation's and Bank's current levels of long-term debt, management believes it could generate additional liquidity from various sources should the need arise.
50

Table of Contents
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The required payments related to operating leases and borrowings at March 31, 2021 are as follows:

(Dollars in Thousands) | Remaining 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 and after |  | ASC 805 fair value adjustments at acquisition |  | Total
Operating leases | $ | 2,729 |  |  | $ | 3,544 |  |  | $ | 3,141 |  |  | $ | 3,070 |  |  | $ | 2,837 |  |  | $ | 7,750 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 23,071 |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | 185,721 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 185,721 |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 25,072 |  |  | 75,097 |  |  | 115,097 |  |  | 10,097 |  |  | 25,097 |  |  | 108,877 |  |  | — |  |  | 359,337 |
Subordinated debentures and other borrowings | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 122,012 |  |  | (3,573) |  |  | 118,439 |
Total | $ | 213,522 |  |  | $ | 78,641 |  |  | $ | 118,238 |  |  | $ | 13,167 |  |  | $ | 27,934 |  |  | $ | 238,639 |  |  | $ | (3,573) |  |  | $ | 686,568 |

Also, in the normal course of business, the Bank is a party to a number of other off-balance sheet activities that contain credit, market and operational risk that are not reflected in whole or in part in our consolidated financial statements. These activities primarily consist of traditional off-balance sheet credit-related financial instruments such as loan commitments and standby letters of credit.
Summarized credit-related financial instruments at March 31, 2021 are as follows:

(Dollars in Thousands) | March 31, 2021
Amounts of commitments: |
Loan commitments to extend credit | $ | 3,657,931 |
Standby and commercial letters of credit | 33,610 |
| $ | 3,691,541 |

Since many of the commitments are expected to expire unused or be only partially used, the total amount of unused commitments in the preceding table does not necessarily represent future cash requirements.
INTEREST SENSITIVITY AND DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK
Asset/Liability management has been an important factor in the Corporation's ability to record consistent earnings growth through periods of interest rate volatility and product deregulation. Management and the Board of Directors monitor the Corporation's liquidity and interest sensitivity positions at regular meetings to review how changes in interest rates may affect earnings. Decisions regarding investment and the pricing of loan and deposit products are made after analysis of reports designed to measure liquidity, rate sensitivity, the Corporation’s exposure to changes in net interest income given various rate scenarios and the economic and competitive environments.
It is the objective of the Corporation to monitor and manage risk exposure to net interest income caused by changes in interest rates. It is the goal of the Corporation’s Asset/Liability management function to provide optimum and stable net interest income. To accomplish this, management uses two asset liability tools. GAP/Interest Rate Sensitivity Reports and Net Interest Income Simulation Modeling are constructed, presented and monitored quarterly. Management believes that the Corporation's liquidity and interest sensitivity position at March 31, 2021, remained adequate to meet the Corporation’s primary goal of achieving optimum interest margins while avoiding undue interest rate risk.
Net interest income simulation modeling, or earnings-at-risk, measures the sensitivity of net interest income to various interest rate movements. The Corporation's asset liability process monitors simulated net interest income under three separate interest rate scenarios; base, rising and falling. Estimated net interest income for each scenario is calculated over a twelve-month horizon. The immediate and parallel changes to the base case scenario used in the model are presented below. The interest rate scenarios are used for analytical purposes and do not necessarily represent management's view of future market movements. Rather, these are intended to provide a measure of the degree of volatility interest rate movements may introduce into the earnings of the Corporation.
The base scenario is highly dependent on numerous assumptions embedded in the model, including assumptions related to future interest rates. While the base sensitivity analysis incorporates management's best estimate of interest rate and balance sheet dynamics under various market rate movements, the actual behavior and resulting earnings impact will likely differ from that projected. For certain assets, the base simulation model captures the expected prepayment behavior under changing interest rate environments. Assumptions and methodologies regarding the interest rate or balance behavior of indeterminate maturity products, such as savings, money market, interest-bearing and demand deposits, reflect management's best estimate of expected future behavior. Historical retention rate assumptions are applied to non-maturity deposits for modeling purposes.
51

Table of Contents
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The comparative rising 200 basis points and falling 100 basis points scenarios below, as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, assume further interest rate changes in addition to the base simulation discussed above. These changes are immediate and parallel changes to the base case scenario. In the current rate environment, many drivers are at or near historical lows due to the FOMC's rate reductions in March 2020 in response to COVID-19.
Results for the rising 200 basis points, and falling 100 basis points interest rate scenarios are listed below based upon the Corporation’s rate sensitive assets and liabilities at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. The change from the base scenario represents cumulative net interest income over a twelve-month time horizon. Balance sheet assumptions used for the base scenario are the same for the rising and falling simulations.

| March 31, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Rising 200 basis points from base case | 3.9% |  | 5.9 | %
Falling 100 basis points from base case | (0.5)% |  | 0.7 | %

EARNING ASSETS
The following table presents the earning asset mix as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Earning assets increased by $630.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2021.
Total investment securities increased $554.1 million from December 31, 2020 as excess liquidity from deposit growth was used to invest in the bond portfolio, which was offset by a decline in net unrealized gains on the available for sale portfolio of $49.7 million. The net decrease in unrealized gains from December 31, 2020 to March 31, 2021 is primarily due the changes in interest rates. The longer term points on the yield curve have increased since year-end which decreases the fair value of securities held in the portfolio. Additionally, the overall increase in investment securities was also offset by the Corporation's adoption of CECL, which resulted in an allowance for credit loss of $245,000 recorded at adoption on the state and municipal securities in the held to maturity portfolio. Additional details of the changes in the Corporation's investment securities portfolio are discussed within NOTE 2. INVESTMENT SECURITIES of the Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Loans and loans held for sale increased $75.5 million from December 31, 2020. As of March 31, 2021, the Corporation had $741.7 million of PPP loans, an increase of $74.6 million from the December 31, 2020 balance of $667.1 million. PPP loans are included in the commercial and industrial loan class, which was the largest loan class increase since December 31, 2020. Additionally, other loan classes that experienced large increases from December 31, 2020 were real estate construction and public finance and other commercial loans. The largest loan classes that experienced a decrease from December 31, 2020 were commercial real estate, non-owner occupied and agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers. Additional details of the changes in the Corporation's loan portfolio are discussed within NOTE 3. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE of the Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

(Dollars in Thousands) |  | March 31, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Interest-bearing deposits |  | $ | 392,806 |  |  | $ | 392,305 |
Investment securities available for sale |  | 2,405,568 |  |  | 1,919,119 |
Investment securities held to maturity, net of allowance for credit losses of $245,000 as of March 31, 2021 |  | 1,295,289 |  |  | 1,227,668 |
Loans held for sale |  | 4,430 |  |  | 3,966 |
Loans |  | 9,318,228 |  |  | 9,243,174 |
Federal Home Loan Bank stock |  | 28,736 |  |  | 28,736 |
Total |  | $ | 13,445,057 |  |  | $ | 12,814,968 |

OTHER
The Securities and Exchange Commission maintains a web site that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the Commission, including the Corporation, and that address is (http://www.sec.gov).
52

Table of Contents
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE
DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The information required under this item is included as part of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, under the headings “LIQUIDITY” and “INTEREST SENSITIVITY AND DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK”.
53

Table of Contents
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
At the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective. Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms.
There have been no changes in the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation discussed above that occurred during the Corporation’s last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting.
54

Table of Contents
PART II: OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1., ITEM 1A., ITEM 2., ITEM 3., ITEM 4. AND ITEM 5.
(table dollar amounts in thousands, except share data)
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
There are no pending legal proceedings, other than litigation incidental to the ordinary business of the Corporation or its subsidiaries, of a material nature to which the Corporation or its subsidiaries is a party or of which any of their properties are subject. Further, there are no material legal proceedings in which any director, officer, principal shareholder, or affiliate of the Corporation, or any associate of any such director, officer or principal shareholder, is a party, or has a material interest, adverse to the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries.
None of the routine legal proceedings, individually or in the aggregate, in which the Corporation or its affiliates are involved are expected to have a material adverse impact on the financial position or the results of operations of the Corporation.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
There have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in the Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
a. None
b. None
c. Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The following table presents information relating to our purchases of equity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Period |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased (1) |  | Average Price Paid per Share |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as part of Publicly announced Plans or Programs |  | Maximum Number of Shares that may yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (2)
January, 2021 |  | 267 |  |  | $ | 40.82 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,333,000 |
February, 2021 |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,333,000 |
March, 2021 |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,333,000 |

(i) The shares repurchased were pursuant to net settlement by employees in satisfaction of income tax withholding obligations incurred through the vesting of the Corporation's restricted stock awards.
(2) On January 27, 2021, the Board of Directors of the Corporation approved a stock repurchase program of up to 3,333,000 shares of the Corporation's outstanding common stock; provided, however, that the total aggregate investment in shares repurchased under the program may not exceed $100,000,000. The program does not have an expiration date. However, it may be discontinued by the Board at any time.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not Applicable
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
a. None
b. None
55

Table of Contents
PART II: OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibit No: | Description of Exhibits:
3.1 | First Merchants Corporation Articles of Incorporation, as amended (Incorporated by reference to registrant’s Form 8-K filed on May 2, 2017) (SEC No. 000-17071)
3.2 | Bylaws of First Merchants Corporation dated August 11, 2016 (Incorporated by reference to registrant’s Form 10-K filed on March 1, 2017) (SEC No. 000-17071)
4.1 | First Merchants Corporation Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of First Merchants Capital Trust II dated as of July 2, 2007 (Incorporated by reference to registrant's Form 8-K filed on July 3, 2007) (SEC No. 000-17071)
4.2 | Indenture dated as of July 2, 2007 (Incorporated by reference to registrant's Form 8-K filed on July 3, 2007) (SEC No. 000-17071)
4.3 | Guarantee Agreement dated as of July 2, 2007 (Incorporated by reference to registrant's Form 8-K filed on July 3, 2007) (SEC No. 000-17071)
4.4 | Form of Capital Securities Certification of First Merchants Capital Trust II (Incorporated by reference to registrant's Form 8-K filed on July 3, 2007) (SEC No. 000-17071)
4.5 | First Merchants Corporation Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan (Incorporated by reference to registrant’s Prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) on July 17, 2020) (SEC No. 333-229527)
4.6 | Upon request, the registrant agrees to furnish supplementally to the Commission a copy of the instruments defining the rights of holders of its (a) 5.00% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Senior Notes due 2028 in the aggregate principal amount of $5 million and (b) 6.75% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes due 2028 in aggregate principal amount of $65 million.
10.1 | First Merchants Corporation non-employee director compensation schedule adopted February 9, 2021 (1)(2)
31.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes - Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes - Oxley Act of 2002 (2) Act of 2002 (2)
31.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes - Oxley Act of 2002 (2)
32 | Certifications Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (3)
101.INS | Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document (2)
101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document (2)
101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document (2)
101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document (2)
101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document (2)
101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document (2)
104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and included in Exhibit 101)
| (1) Management contract or compensatory plan.
| (2) Filed herewith.
| (3) Furnished herewith.

56

Table of Contents
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

| First Merchants Corporation
| (Registrant)
May 10, 2021 | by /s/ Mark K. Hardwick
| Mark K. Hardwick
| Chief Executive Officer
| (Principal Executive Officer)
May 10, 2021 | by /s/ Michele M. Kawiecki
| Michele M. Kawiecki
| Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
| (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

57