Investment Securities

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

INVESTMENT SECURITIES

The following table summarizes the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and approximate fair value of investment securities available for sale as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.


	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Available for sale at March 31, 2021
U.S. Treasury	$	1,000	$	—	$	—	$	1,000
U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities	11,504		40		163		11,381
State and municipal	1,301,378		67,438		2,654		1,366,162
U.S. Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities	1,025,660		13,550		16,347		1,022,863
Corporate obligations	4,031		153		22		4,162

Total available for sale	$	2,343,573	$	81,181	$	19,186	$	2,405,568


	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Available for sale at December 31, 2020
U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities	$	2,380	$	50	$	—	$	2,430
State and municipal	1,168,711		89,420		246		1,257,885
U.S. Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities	632,267		22,505		103		654,669
Corporate obligations	4,031		104		—		4,135

Total available for sale	$	1,807,389	$	112,079	$	349	$	1,919,119

The following table summarizes the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, approximate fair value and allowance for credit losses on investment securities held to maturity as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.


	Amortized Cost		Allowance for Credit Losses		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Held to maturity at March 31, 2021
U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities	$	60,676	$	—	$	60,676	$	1	$	1,553	59,124
State and municipal	624,553		245		624,308		23,154		3,389		644,318
U.S. Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities	608,805		—		608,805		11,849		6,816		613,838
Foreign investment	1,500		—		1,500		—		—		1,500
Total held to maturity	$	1,295,534	$	245	$	1,295,289	$	35,004	$	11,758	$	1,318,780


	Amortized Cost		Allowance for Credit Losses		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Held to maturity at December 31, 2020
U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities	$	31,087	$	—	$	31,087	$	10	$	113	$	30,984
State and municipal	619,927		—		619,927		34,978		32		654,873
U.S. Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities	575,154		—		575,154		17,889		107		592,936
Foreign investment	1,500		—		1,500		—		—		1,500
Total held to maturity	$	1,227,668	$	—	$	1,227,668	$	52,877	$	252	$	1,280,293

Accrued interest on investment securities available for sale and held to maturity of $20.6 million are included in the Interest Receivable line on the Corporation's Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets. The total amount of accrued interest is excluded from the amortized cost of available for sale and held to maturity securities presented above.

In determining the allowance for credit losses on investment securities available for sale that are in an unrealized loss position, the Corporation first assesses whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through the income statement. For investment securities available for sale that do not meet the aforementioned criteria, the Corporation evaluates whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. In making this assessment, the Corporation considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, and adverse conditions specifically related to the security, among other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded for the credit loss, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Unrealized losses that have not been recorded through an allowance for credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive income. Adjustments to the allowance are reported in the income statement as a component of the provision for credit loss. The Corporation has made the accounting policy election to exclude accrued interest receivable on investment securities available for sale from the estimate of credit losses. Investment securities available for sale are charged off against the allowance or, in the absence of any allowance, written down through the income statement when deemed uncollectible or when either of the aforementioned criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met. The Corporation did not record an allowance for credit losses on its investment securities available for sale as the unrealized losses were attributable to changes in interest rates, not credit quality.

The allowance for credit losses on investment securities held to maturity is a contra asset-valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of investment securities held to maturity to present the net amount expected to be collected. Investment securities held to maturity are charged off against the allowance when deemed uncollectible. Adjustments to the allowance are reported in the income statement as a component of the provision for credit loss. The Corporation measures expected credit losses on investment securities held to maturity on a collective basis by major security type with each type sharing similar risk characteristics, and considers historical credit loss information that is adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The Corporation has made the accounting policy election to exclude accrued interest receivable on investment securities held to maturity from the estimate of credit losses. With regard to U.S. Government-sponsored agency and mortgage-backed securities, all these securities are issued by a U.S. government-sponsored entity and have an implicit or explicit government guarantee; therefore, no allowance for credit losses has been recorded for these securities.. With regard to securities issued by states and municipalities and other investment securities held to maturity, management considers (1) issuer bond ratings, (2) historical loss rates for given bond ratings, (3) the financial condition of the issuer, and (4) whether issuers continue to make timely principal and interest payments under the contractual terms of the securities. Historical loss rates associated with securities having similar grades as those in the Corporation's portfolio have been insignificant. Furthermore, as of March 31, 2021, there were no past due principal and interest payments associated with these securities. An allowance for credit losses of $245,000 was recorded on the state and municipal securities classified as held to maturity based on applying the long-term historical credit loss rate, as published by Moody’s, for similarly rated securities.

On a quarterly basis, the Corporation monitors the credit quality of investment securities held to maturity through the use of credit ratings. The following table summarizes the amortized cost of investment securities held to maturity at March 31, 2021, aggregated by credit quality indicator.


	Held to Maturity
	State and municipal		Other		Total
Credit Rating:
Aaa	$	48,689	$	60,676	$	109,365
Aa1	84,954		—		84,954
Aa2	107,436		—		107,436
Aa3	72,969		—		72,969
A1	65,578		—		65,578
A2	19,074		—		19,074
A3	1,065		—		1,065
Baa2	528		—		528
Non-rated	224,260		610,305		834,565
Total	$	624,553	$	670,981	$	1,295,534

The following table details activity in the allowance for credit losses on investment securities held to maturity during the three months ended March 31, 2021.


	State and municipal
Allowance for Credit Losses:
Balance, December 31, 2020	$	—
Impact of adopting ASC 326	245
Provision for credit loss	—
Securities charged off	—
Recoveries on securities	—
Balance, March 31, 2021	$	245

The following tables summarize, as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, investment securities available for sale in an unrealized loss position for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded, aggregated by security type and length of time in a continuous unrealized loss position.


	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or Longer				Total
	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Investment securities available for sale at March 31, 2021
U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities	$	9,837	$	163	$	—	$	—	$	9,837	$	163
State and municipal	172,655		2,654		—		—		172,655		2,654
U.S. Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities	606,498		16,347		—		—		606,498		16,347
Corporate obligations	978		22		—		—		978		22
Total investment securities available for sale	$	789,968	$	19,186	$	—	$	—	$	789,968	$	19,186


	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or Longer				Total
	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Investment securities available for sale at December 31, 2020

State and municipal	$	5,368	$	246	$	—	$	—	$	5,368	$	246
U.S. Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities	9,651		103		—		—		9,651		103

Total investment securities available for sale	$	15,019	$	349	$	—	$	—	$	15,019	$	349

Certain investment securities available for sale are reported in the financial statements at an amount less than their historical cost as indicated in the table below.


	March 31, 2021			December 31, 2020
Investments available for sale reported at less than historical cost:
Historical cost	$	809,154		$	15,368
Fair value	789,968			15,019
Gross unrealized losses	$	19,186		$	349
Percent of the Corporation's investments available for sale	21.4		%	0.5		%

In determining the fair value of the investment securities portfolio, the Corporation utilizes a third party for portfolio accounting services, including market value input, for those securities classified as Level I and Level II in the fair value hierarchy. The Corporation has obtained an understanding of what inputs are being used by the vendor in pricing the portfolio and how the vendor classified these securities based upon these inputs. From these discussions, the Corporation’s management is comfortable that the classifications are proper. The Corporation has gained trust in the data for two reasons: (a) independent spot testing of the data is conducted by the Corporation through obtaining market quotes from various brokers on a periodic basis; and (b) actual gains or loss resulting from the sale of certain securities has proven the data to be accurate over time. Fair value of securities classified as Level 3 in the valuation hierarchy was determined using a discounted cash flow model that incorporated market estimates of interest rates and volatility in markets that have not been active.

U.S. Government-Sponsored Mortgage-Backed Securities

The unrealized losses on the Corporation's investment in mortgage-backed securities were a result of interest rate changes. The Corporation expects to recover the amortized cost basis over the term of the securities. Because the decline in market value is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and because the Corporation does not intend to sell the investments and it is not more likely than not that the Corporation will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be maturity. As noted in the table above, the mortgage-backed securities portfolio contains unrealized losses of $16.3 million on fifty-five securities in the available for sale portfolio. All these securities are issued by a government-sponsored entity.

State and Municipal Securities, U.S. Government-Sponsored Agency Securities and Corporate Obligation Securities

The unrealized losses on the Corporation's investments in securities of state and political subdivisions, U.S. Government-Sponsored Agency securities and corporate obligations were caused by interest rate increases. The contractual terms of those investments do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than the amortized cost basis of the investments. The Corporation does not intend to sell the investments and it is not more likely than not that the Corporation will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be maturity. As noted in the table above, the state and municipal securities portfolio contains unrealized losses of $2.7 million on one hundred eight securities in the available for sale portfolio. The U.S. government-sponsored agency securities portfolio contains unrealized losses of $163,000 on two securities in the available for sale portfolio. The corporate obligation securities portfolio contains unrealized losses of $22,000 on one security in the available for sale portfolio.

The amortized cost and fair value of investment securities available for sale and held to maturity at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, by contractual maturity are shown below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Securities not due at a single maturity are shown separately.


	Available for Sale				Held to Maturity
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Maturity Distribution at March 31, 2021
Due in one year or less	$	2,062	$	2,071	$	9,056	$	9,068
Due after one through five years	4,781		4,960		23,116		24,084
Due after five through ten years	92,598		96,882		151,103		154,819
Due after ten years	1,218,472		1,278,792		503,454		516,971
	1,317,913		1,382,705		686,729		704,942
U.S. Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities	1,025,660		1,022,863		608,805		613,838

Total investment securities	$	2,343,573	$	2,405,568	$	1,295,534	$	1,318,780


	Available for Sale				Held to Maturity
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Maturity Distribution at December 31, 2020
Due in one year or less	$	1,349	$	1,353	$	9,712	$	9,755
Due after one through five years	5,545		5,764		22,241		23,190
Due after five through ten years	70,777		75,223		115,408		121,333
Due after ten years	1,097,451		1,182,110		505,153		533,079
	1,175,122		1,264,450		652,514		687,357
U.S. Government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities	632,267		654,669		575,154		592,936

Total investment securities	$	1,807,389	$	1,919,119	$	1,227,668	$	1,280,293

Securities with a carrying value of approximately $999.2 million and $890.0 million were pledged at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, to secure certain deposits and securities sold under repurchase agreements, and for other purposes as permitted or required by law.

The book value of securities sold under agreements to repurchase amounted to $178.2 million at March 31, 2021 and $167.3 million at

December 31, 2020.

Gross gains on the sales and redemptions of investment securities available for sale for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 are shown below.


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021		2020
Sales and redemptions of investment securities available for sale:
Gross gains	$	2,076	$	4,612
Gross losses	277		—

Net gains on sales and redemptions of investment securities available for sale	$	1,799	$	4,612