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Derivatives (Policies)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2016
Derivative [Line Items]  
Derivatives, Policy [Policy Text Block]
The use of financial instruments, including derivatives, exposes the Company to market risk related to changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and commodity prices. The Company primarily uses derivatives to manage its interest rate exposure, to achieve a desired proportion of variable and fixed-rate debt, to manage the risk associated with the volatility of future cash flows denominated in foreign currencies, to manage changes in fair value resulting from changes in foreign currency exchange rates and to manage the risk associated with the volatility of future cash flows associated with changes in commodity prices. The Company does not use derivative instruments for speculative or trading purposes.
Fair Value Hedges-Interest Rate Swap Agreements
The Company generally enters into interest rate swap agreements related to existing debt obligations with initial maturities ranging from five to ten years, although the Company may enter into interest rate swap agreements with respect to debt obligations with shorter or longer maturities. The Company’s interest rate swap agreements have the economic effect of modifying the fixed interest obligations associated with approximately $596.0 million of the medium-term notes so that the interest payable on these medium-term notes effectively became variable. The Company uses these interest rate swap agreements to manage its interest rate exposure and to achieve a desired proportion of variable and fixed-rate debt. The critical terms of the interest rate swap agreements match the critical terms of the medium-term notes that the interest rate swap agreements pertain to, including the notional amounts and maturity dates. These transactions are characterized as fair value hedges for accounting purposes because they protect the Company against changes in the fair values of certain fixed-rate borrowings due to benchmark interest rate movements. The changes in fair values of these interest rate swap agreements are recognized as interest expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations with the corresponding amounts included in other assets or other noncurrent liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The amount of net gain (loss) attributable to the risk being hedged is recognized as interest expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations with the corresponding amount included in Current Portion of Long-term Debt and Long-term Debt. The periodic interest settlements for the interest rate swap agreements are recorded as interest expense and are included as a part of cash flows from operating activities.
Cash Flow Hedges-Forward-Starting Interest Rate Swaps
The Company also uses derivatives to hedge interest rates on anticipated issuances of medium-term and long-term notes. The Company generally uses these instruments to hedge interest rates on anticipated debt issuances occurring within one year or less of the inception date of the derivative, although the Company may use such instruments to hedge interest rates on anticipated issuances occurring beyond one year of the inception date of the derivative. The Company uses these instruments to reduce the volatility in future interest payments that would be made pursuant to the anticipated issuances of the notes. These derivatives are designated as cash flow hedges. The changes in fair values of these instruments are recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), and after the notes are issued and the derivative instruments are settled, the amount in other comprehensive income (loss) is amortized to interest expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations over the term of the related notes. The cash paid or received from the settlement of forward-starting interest rate swaps is included in cash flows from operating activities.
Cash Flow Hedges-Cross-Currency Interest Rate Swap Agreements
The Company’s foreign exchange risk management policy emphasizes hedging foreign currency intercompany financing activities with derivatives, and the hedges and related intercompany financing arrangements generally have maturity dates of three years or less from inception. The Company may use such instruments to hedge intercompany financing arrangements with maturities of more than three years. The Company uses derivative instruments, such as cross-currency interest rate swap agreements, to hedge currency risk associated with foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities associated with intercompany financing activities. In connection with intercompany financing arrangements entered into in April 2015, the Company entered into two cross-currency interest rate swap agreements to manage the related foreign currency exchange risk of the intercompany financing arrangements. As of June 30, 2016, the notional value of outstanding cross-currency interest rate swaps was $186.2 million, and the cross-currency interest rate swaps are intended to eliminate uncertainty in cash flows in U.S. Dollars and British Pounds in connection with the intercompany financing arrangements. The cross-currency interest rate swap agreements have been designated as qualifying hedging instruments and are accounted for as cash flow hedges. The critical terms of the cross-currency interest rate swap agreements correspond to the terms of the intercompany financing arrangements, including the annual principal and interest payments being hedged, and the cross-currency interest rate swap agreements mature at the same time as the intercompany financing arrangements.
The Company uses the hypothetical derivative method to measure the effectiveness of its cross-currency interest rate swap agreements. The fair values of these cross-currency interest rate swap agreements are recognized as other assets or other noncurrent liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The effective portions of the changes in fair values of these cross-currency interest rate swap agreements are reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and an amount is reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into other expense, net, in the same period that the carrying value of the underlying foreign currency intercompany financing arrangements are remeasured. The ineffective portion of the unrealized gains and losses on these cross-currency interest rate swaps, if any, is recorded immediately to other expense, net. The Company evaluates the effectiveness of its cross-currency swap agreements on a quarterly basis, and the Company did not record any ineffectiveness for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015. The cash flows related to the cross-currency interest rate swap agreements, including amounts related to the periodic interest settlements and the principal balances, are included in cash flows from operating activities.
Foreign Currency Forward Contracts
The Company’s foreign exchange risk management policy generally emphasizes hedging certain transaction exposures of 2 year durations or less. The Company transacts business in various foreign currencies and periodically enters into primarily foreign currency forward contracts to offset the risks associated with the effects of certain foreign currency exposures. The Company designates certain of these instruments as hedges of probable forecasted foreign currency denominated sales or purchases. In addition, the Company does not designate certain of these instruments as hedges based on the underlying exposure. As of June 30, 2016, including contracts designated and not designated as hedges, the notional amounts of the forward contracts held to purchase U.S. Dollars in exchange for other major international currencies were $921.2 million, the notional amounts of the forward contracts held to sell U.S. Dollars in exchange for other major international currencies were $284.0 million, and the notional amounts of additional forward contracts held to buy and sell international currencies were $295.2 million.
The net gains (losses) related to forward contracts designated as hedges are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) until the hedged transaction occurs or when the hedged transaction is no longer probable of occurring. The net gains (losses) in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are generally reclassified to either cost of products sold in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations because the foreign currency contracts hedge purchases of inventory. The net gains (losses) associated with foreign currency contracts that are not designated as hedges are included in other (income) expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.The cash flows related to these foreign currency contracts are included in cash flows from operating activities.
Hedging instruments are not available for certain currencies in countries in which the Company has operations. In these cases, the Company uses alternative means in an effort to achieve an economic offset to the local currency exposure such as invoicing and/or paying intercompany and third party transactions in U.S. Dollars.
The Company reports its derivative positions in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets on a gross basis and does not net asset and liability derivative positions with the same counterparty. The Company monitors its positions with, and the credit quality of, the financial institutions that are parties to its financial transactions.
Commodity Contracts
The Company enters into commodity-based derivatives in order to mitigate the risk associated with the impact changes in prices of commodities could have on the cost of certain of the Company’s raw materials. These commodity-based derivatives provide the Company with cost certainty, and in certain instances, allow the Company to benefit should the cost of the commodity fall below certain dollar thresholds. At June 30, 2016, the Company had approximately $14.4 million notional amount outstanding of commodity-based derivatives that are not designated as effective hedges for accounting purposes and have maturity dates through December 2016. Fair market value gains or losses associated with commodity derivative instruments are included in the results of operations and are classified in cost of products sold.