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Income Taxes
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
The Company’s effective income tax rates for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were benefits of 32.7% and 85.0%, respectively, due to a decrease in the forecasted tax rate for 2025 that was primarily driven by improved forecasted pretax book income year over year.

The differences between the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 21.0% and the Company’s effective income tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were impacted by a variety of factors, primarily resulting from the geographic mix of where the income was earned, as well as certain taxable income inclusion items in the U.S. based on foreign earnings. For the period ended March 31, 2025 these items increased the tax rates less than the prior period due to the higher forecasted pretax book income for 2025. In periods where forecasted pretax income is relatively low, as in 2024, the proportional impact of these items on the effective rate may be significant.

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company finalized its amended 2023 U.S. federal income tax return and updated its estimate of the 2024 U.S. federal income tax return. This resulted in an aggregate reduction in current income taxes payable and an increase in deferred tax liabilities of approximately $31 million.
On July 19, 2024, the Company filed a petition in the U.S. Tax Court disputing a proposed assessment by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) of $80 million in additional taxes and $34 million in penalties plus the additional interest calculated upon final settlement related to the transfer pricing of services performed by certain of the Company’s foreign affiliates for the tax years 2011 to 2015. The Company believes that adequate amounts have been reserved for any adjustments that may ultimately result. If the IRS prevails in the assessment of additional tax, interest and penalties in excess of the Company’s current reserves, such outcome could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position and results.
The Company files numerous consolidated and separate income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions. The statute of limitations for the Company’s U.S. federal income tax returns has expired for years prior to 2011 and for 2016. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to other income tax examinations for years before 2016.