11. Income Taxes

The following table summarizes the effective tax rate for the three and six months ended October 31, 2017:

	Three Months						Six Months
	Ended October 31,						Ended October 31,
	2017			2016			2017			2016
Effective Tax Rate as Reported		24.4	%		126.4	%		19.0	%		76.7	%
Impact of an unfavorable German court decision in 2016		-			(109.5	)%		-			(56.8	)%
Effective Tax Rate excluding the impact of an unfavorable German court decision in 2016		24.4	%		16.9	%		19.0	%		19.9	%
Impact of a reduction in the statutory rate in the U.K. in 2016 on deferred tax balances		-			6.0	%		-			3.1	%
Effective Tax Rate excluding the impact of an unfavorable German court decision and U.K. tax rate change		24.4	%		22.9	%		19.0	%		23.0	%

The effective tax rates, excluding the impact of an unfavorable German court decision in 2016 were lower than the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to lower foreign tax rates applicable to non-US earnings. The prior year's effective tax rates were also reduced by a reduction in the statutory rate in the United Kingdom ("U.K.") resulting in a $2.6 million tax benefit from the re-measurement of the Company's applicable U.K. deferred tax balances. The 24.4% rate for the three months ended October 31, 2017 was greater than 22.9% in the prior year primarily due to a higher tax benefit on certain restructuring costs incurred during the three months ended October 31, 2016. The 19.0% rate for the six months ended October 31, 2017 was less than 23.0% primarily due to a lower statutory rate in the U.K. on U.K. earnings, large equity compensation deductions from significant vesting of restricted stock and other one-time adjustments.