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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW - UNAUDITED - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended
Jul. 31, 2018
Jul. 31, 2017
Operating Activities    
Net income $ 26,295 $ 9,236
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:    
Amortization of intangibles 12,683 12,619
Amortization of product development spending 10,216 9,644
Depreciation of technology, property and equipment 18,060 18,540
Restructuring (credits) charges (6,086) 25,729
Stock-based compensation expense (benefit) 3,930 (1,495)
Employee retirement plan expense 2,469 3,235
Royalty advances (28,526) (26,290)
Earned royalty advances 39,069 33,129
Impairment of publishing brand 0 3,600
Foreign currency losses 1,729 5,136
Other non-cash credits (2,274) (10,999)
Net change in operating assets and liabilities (227,090) (163,283)
Net Cash Used in Operating Activities (149,525) (81,199)
Investing Activities    
Product development spending (1,710) (7,540)
Additions to technology, property and equipment (18,304) (28,478)
Acquisitions of publication rights and other (1,970) (4,413)
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities (21,984) (40,431)
Financing Activities    
Repayment of long-term debt (29,900) (28,700)
Borrowing of long-term debt 177,654 214,664
Purchase of treasury shares (7,994) (14,016)
Change in book overdrafts (9,390) (13,977)
Cash dividends (19,043) (18,382)
Net proceeds from exercise of stock options and other 7,880 5,599
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities 119,207 145,188
Effects of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash [1] (4,363) 2,671
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash    
(Decrease)/Increase for the Period [1] (56,665) 26,229
Balance at Beginning of Period [1] 170,257 58,516
Balance at End of Period [1] 113,592 84,745
Cash Paid During the Period for:    
Interest 2,476 2,932
Income taxes, net of refunds $ 12,202 $ 8,522
[1] Due to the retrospective adoption of ASU 2016-18, we are now required to include restricted cash as part of the change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash. As a result, amounts which were previously classified as cash flows from operating activities have been reclassified as they are recognized in the total change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash. Refer to Note 2, "Recent Accounting Standards," in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.