<SEC-DOCUMENT>0000107140-18-000046.txt : 20181206
<SEC-HEADER>0000107140-18-000046.hdr.sgml : 20181206
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20181206131636
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0000107140-18-000046
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	10-Q
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		72
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20181031
FILED AS OF DATE:		20181206
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20181206

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			WILEY JOHN & SONS, INC.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000107140
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	BOOKS: PUBLISHING OR PUBLISHING AND PRINTING [2731]
		IRS NUMBER:				135593032
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			NY
		FISCAL YEAR END:			0430

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		10-Q
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-11507
		FILM NUMBER:		181219957

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		111 RIVER STREET
		CITY:			HOBOKEN
		STATE:			NJ
		ZIP:			07030
		BUSINESS PHONE:		2017486000

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		111 RIVER STREET
		CITY:			HOBOKEN
		STATE:			NJ
		ZIP:			07030

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	WILEY JOHN & SONS INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19920703
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>10-Q
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>form10q.htm
<DESCRIPTION>FORM 10Q FY19 Q2
<TEXT>
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    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold;"><br>
      UNITED STATES</div>
    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Washington, D.C. 20549</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">FORM 10-Q</font></div>
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                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT 1934</font></div>
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    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">For the quarterly period ended October 31, 2018</font></div>
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                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934</font></div>
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    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">For the transition period from_____ to _____</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Commission File No. 001-11507</font></div>
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    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 24pt; font-weight: bold;">JOHN WILEY &amp; SONS, INC.</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)</font></div>
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            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">NEW YORK</font></div>
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            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">13-5593032</font></div>
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            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)</font></div>
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            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)</font></div>
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            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">111 RIVER STREET, HOBOKEN, NJ</font></div>
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            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(Address of principal executive offices)</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 2%; vertical-align: middle;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Zip Code</font></div>
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            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(201) 748-6000</font></div>
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            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">NOT APPLICABLE</font></div>
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    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Indicate by check mark, whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by section 13 or 15(d) of the securities
        exchange act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.&#160;&#160; Yes <font style="font-size: 10pt;
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    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Indicate by check mark, whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to
        Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (&#167;232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).&#160;&#160; Yes <font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#9746;</font>&#160;&#160;



        No <font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#9744;</font></font></div>
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    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, <font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',
          Times, serif;">an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth
          company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):</font></font></div>
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            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Accelerated filer&#160;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#9744;</font></font></div>
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            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Non-accelerated filer&#160;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#9744;</font></font></div>
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          <td style="width: 50%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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          registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.</font>&#160;&#160; <font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family:
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    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).&#160;&#160; Yes <font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#9744;</font>&#160;&#160; No <font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#9746;</font></font></div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> </font><br>
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    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The number of shares outstanding of each of the Registrant&#8217;s classes of Common Stock as of November 30, 2018 were:</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> </font><br>
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    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Class A, par value $1.00 &#8211; 48,120,789</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Class B, par value $1.00 &#8211; 9,142,898</font></div>
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    <!--PROfilePageNumberReset%Num%2%%%-->
    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">JOHN WILEY &amp; SONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><a name="INDEX"><!--Anchor--></a>INDEX</font></div>
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          <td colspan="3" style="width: 88.46%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Item 1.</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Financial Statements</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
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          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
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          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt;"><a href="#FINANCIALPOSITION"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position -
                  Unaudited as of October 31, 2018 and audited as of April 30, 2018</font></a></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">5</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt;"><a href="#STATEMENTSOFINCOME"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income - Unaudited
                  for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017</font></a></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">6</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt;"><a href="#COMPREHENSIVEINCOME"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
                  - Unaudited for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017</font></a></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">7</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt;"><a href="#CASHFLOW"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow &#8211; Unaudited for the
                  six months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017</font></a></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">8</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">
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          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">
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          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;">18 <br>
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          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">
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          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;">19 <br>
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        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;">19 <br>
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        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">
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          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;">20 <br>
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        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">
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          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;">21 <br>
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          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">
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          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">21 <br>
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        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">
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          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">22 <br>
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        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">
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          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">22 <br>
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        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">
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          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">23 <br>
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        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">
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          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">23 <br>
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        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">24 <br>
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          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">
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          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">24 <br>
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        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">&#160;<br>
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          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Item 2.</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt;"><a href="#ITEM2"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Management&#8217;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
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          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">25 <br>
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        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">&#160;<br>
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        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Item 3.</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt;"><a href="#ITEM3."><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk</font></a></div>
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          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">37 <br>
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          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Item 4.</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt;"><a href="#ITEM4."><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Controls and Procedures</font></a></div>
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          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">38 <br>
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        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">PART II </font>- <font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">OTHER INFORMATION</font></font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Item 1.</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt;"><a href="#ITEM1."><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Legal Proceedings</font></a></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">39 <br>
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        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Item 1a.</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt;"><a href="#ITEM1a"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Risk Factors</font></a></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">39</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Item 2.</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt;"><a href="#SECURITIESANDUSEOFPROCEED"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of
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          </td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">39 <br>
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        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Item 6.</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt;"><a href="#ITEM6.EXHIBITS"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Exhibits</font></a></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">39 <br>
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        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.33%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 78.46%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
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          <td colspan="3" style="width: 88.46%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><a href="#SIGNATURES"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">SIGNATURES</font></a></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 2.4%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 9.14%; vertical-align: top; text-align: center;">40 <br>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">2</font></div>
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    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Cautionary Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements &#8220;Safe Harbor&#8221; Statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform
        Act of 1995:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">This report contains certain &#8220;forward-looking statements&#8221; within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities
        Litigation Reform Act of 1995 concerning our business, consolidated financial condition and results of operations. The Securities and Exchange Commission (&#8220;SEC&#8221;) encourages companies to disclose forward-looking information so that investors can
        better understand a company&#8217;s prospects and make informed investment decisions. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which are outside our control, which could cause actual results to differ materially from
        these statements. Therefore, you should not rely on any of these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements can be identified by such words as &#8220;anticipates,&#8221; &#8220;believes,&#8221; &#8220;plan,&#8221; &#8220;assumes,&#8221; &#8220;could,&#8221; &#8220;should,&#8221; &#8220;estimates,&#8221; &#8220;expects,&#8221;
        &#8220;intends,&#8221; &#8220;potential,&#8221; &#8220;seek,&#8221; &#8220;predict,&#8221; &#8220;may,&#8221; &#8220;will&#8221; and similar references to future periods. All statements other than statements of historical facts included in this report regarding our strategies, prospects, financial condition,
        operations, costs, plans and objectives are forward-looking statements. Examples of forward-looking statements include, among others, statements we make regarding our fiscal year 2019 outlook, operations, performance, and financial condition.&#160;
        Reliance should not be placed on forward-looking statements, as actual results may differ materially from those in any forward-looking statements. Any such forward-looking statements are based upon many assumptions and estimates that are inherently
        subject to uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond our control, and are subject to change based on many important factors. Such factors include, but are not limited to (i) the level of investment in new technologies and products;
        (ii) subscriber renewal rates for our journals; (iii) the financial stability and liquidity of journal subscription agents; (iv) the consolidation of book wholesalers and retail accounts; (v) the market position and financial stability of key
        online retailers; (vi) the seasonal nature of our educational business and the impact of the used book market; (vii) worldwide economic and political conditions; (viii) our ability to protect our copyrights and other intellectual property
        worldwide; (ix) our ability to successfully integrate acquired operations and realize expected opportunities; (x) achievement of targeted run rate savings through restructuring activities; and (xi) other factors detailed from time to time in our
        filings with the SEC. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any such forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances.</font></div>
    <div><br>
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    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Please refer to Part I, Item 1A, &#8220;Risk Factors,&#8221; of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for important factors that we believe could cause actual
        results to differ materially from those in our forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statement made by us in this report is based only on information currently available to us and speaks only as of the date on which it is made. We
        undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statement, whether written or oral, that may be made from time to time, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Non-GAAP Financial Measures:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We present financial information that conforms to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States of America (&#8220;U.S. GAAP&#8221;). We
        also present financial information that does not conform to U.S. GAAP, which we refer to as non-GAAP.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In this report, we may present the following non-GAAP performance measures:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z4412cff6817b4e4dba18b39f31e12e53" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 17.75pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Adjusted Earnings Per Share &#8220;(Adjusted EPS)&#8221;;</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z89343514cbfd4fe6ba286f1c143ad3cf" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 17.75pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Free Cash Flow less Product Development Spending;</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zbd0845c6d0d04dd4869dceb9439548b5" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 17.75pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18.25pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Adjusted Operating Income and margin;</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z1c170991159a468cb975dc0dcaa7f463" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 17.75pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Adjusted Contribution to Profit and margin; and</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z46612dcacfe84ebd9e0997a21d30dec4" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 17.75pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Results on a constant currency basis.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Management uses these non-GAAP performance measures as supplemental indicators of our operating performance and financial position as well
        for internal reporting and forecasting purposes, when publicly providing its outlook, to evaluate our performance and to evaluate and calculate incentive compensation. We present these non-GAAP performance measures in addition to U.S. GAAP
        financial results because we believe that these non-GAAP performance measures provide useful information to certain investors and financial analysts for operational trends and comparisons across accounting periods. The use of these non-GAAP
        performance measures provides a consistent basis to evaluate operating profitability and performance trends by excluding items that we do not consider to be controllable activities for this purpose.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">For example:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zc75dad08ec8746d59ab43862b030d6f2" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 17.75pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Adjusted EPS, Adjusted Operating Profit, and Adjusted Contribution to Profit provide a more comparable basis to analyze operating results and earnings and are
                    measures commonly used by shareholders to measure our performance.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z4662884e10f2463ca0a017fd51d3ec8e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 17.75pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Free Cash Flow less Product Development Spending helps assess our ability, over the long term, to create value for our shareholders as it represents cash
                    available to repay debt, pay common dividends and fund share repurchases and new acquisitions.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zd4f01056f719440184f96eeb750a4744" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 17.75pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Results on a constant currency basis removes distortion from the effects of foreign currency movements to provide better comparability of our business trends
                    from period to period. We measure our performance before the impact of foreign currency (or at &#8220;constant currency&#8221;), which means that we apply the same foreign currency exchange rates for the current and equivalent prior period.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">3</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In addition, we have historically provided these or similar non-GAAP performance measures and understand that some investors and financial
        analysts find this information helpful in analyzing our operating margins, and net income and comparing our financial performance to that of our peer companies and competitors. Based on interactions with investors, we also believe that our non-GAAP
        performance measures are regarded as useful to our investors as supplemental to our U.S. GAAP financial results, and that there is no confusion regarding the adjustments or our operating performance to our investors due to the comprehensive nature
        of our disclosures. We have not provided our 2019 outlook for the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures, as they are not available without unreasonable effort due to the high variability, complexity, and low visibility with respect
        to certain items, including restructuring charges and credits, gains and losses on foreign currency, and other gains and losses. These items are uncertain, depend on various factors, and could be material to our consolidated results computed in
        accordance with U.S. GAAP.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Non-GAAP performance measures do not have standardized meanings prescribed by U.S. GAAP and therefore may not be comparable to the
        calculation of similar measures used by other companies and should not be viewed as alternatives to measures of financial results under U.S. GAAP. The adjusted metrics have limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered in isolation
        from or as a substitute for U.S. GAAP information. It does not purport to represent any similarly titled U.S. GAAP information and is not an indicator of our performance under U.S. GAAP. Non-U.S. GAAP financial metrics that we present may not be
        comparable with similarly titled measures used by others. Investors are cautioned against placing undue reliance on these non-U.S. GAAP measures.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">4</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;"></div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:8e121738-c805-4ea9-9d40-148b8b0809a1">
    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">JOHN WILEY &amp; SONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES</div>
    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF <a name="FINANCIALPOSITION"><!--Anchor--></a>FINANCIAL POSITION</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Dollars in thousands</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z124b91fa397c444487cc13a3b68aa2ee" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31, 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(Unaudited)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Assets:</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Current Assets</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Cash and cash equivalents</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">115,603</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">169,773</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Accounts receivable, net</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">236,207</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">212,377</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Inventories, net</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">35,084</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">39,489</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">61,973</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">58,332</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total Current Assets</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">448,867</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Product Development Assets</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Royalty Advances, net</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Intangible Assets, net</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">848,071</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Goodwill</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">986,248</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other Non-Current Assets</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">91,732</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">85,802</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total Assets</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2,680,831</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2,839,451</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity:</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Current Liabilities</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Accounts payable</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">71,555</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">90,097</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Accrued royalties</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">94,438</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">73,007</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Contract liability (Deferred revenue)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">237,184</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">486,353</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Accrued employment costs</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">69,792</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Accrued income taxes</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">18,436</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">13,927</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other accrued liabilities</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">78,651</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">94,748</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total Current Liabilities</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Long-Term Debt</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">537,306</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Accrued Pension Liability</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">167,722</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">190,301</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Deferred Income Tax Liabilities</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">140,338</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">143,518</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other Long-Term Liabilities</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">96,017</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">80,764</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total Liabilities</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">1,511,439</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Shareholders&#8217; Equity</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Preferred Stock, $1 par value: Authorized &#8211; 2 million, Issued 0</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">&#8212;</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Class A Common Stock, $1 par value: Authorized-180 million Issued - 70,124,812 and 70,110,603
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">70,125</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">70,111</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Class B Common Stock, $1 par value: Authorized-72 million Issued - 13,056,858 and 13,071,067
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">13,057</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">13,071</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Additional paid-in-capital</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">417,718</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">407,120</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Retained earnings</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">1,870,609</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1,834,057</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(488,564</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(439,580</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Treasury stock (Class A - 22,000,203 and 21,853,257 as of October 31, 2018 and April 30, 2018,
                respectively; Class B - 3,917,574 and 3,917,574 as of October 31, 2018 and April 30, 2018, respectively)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(713,553</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(694,222</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total Shareholders&#8217; Equity</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">1,169,392</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1,190,557</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2,680,831</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2,839,451</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">5</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;"></div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:3df1ba7c-52a6-44e3-8af7-2f132cb2cc31">
    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">JOHN WILEY &amp; SONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES</div>
    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED <a name="STATEMENTSOFINCOME"><!--Anchor--></a>STATEMENTS OF INCOME &#8211; UNAUDITED</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Dollars in thousands except per share information</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z5e2366ee885245ac887f34e9aee68918" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31,</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Six Months Ended</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31,</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017 (1)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017 (1)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Revenue, net</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">448,622</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">451,731</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">859,523</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">863,175</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Costs and Expenses</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Cost of sales</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Operating and administrative expenses (1)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">502,400</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">487,039</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">9,996</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">24,323</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amortization of intangibles</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">12,367</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">11,183</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">25,050</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">23,802</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total Costs and Expenses</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">391,147</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">370,943</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">765,908</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">769,817</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Operating Income</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">57,475</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">80,788</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">93,615</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">93,358</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Interest Expense</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Foreign Exchange Transaction Losses</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Interest and Other Income</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Income Before Taxes</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">90,403</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">85,572</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Provision for Income Taxes</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">12,538</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">19,428</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">20,324</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">16,288</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Net Income</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">43,784</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">60,048</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">70,079</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">69,284</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Earnings Per Share</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Basic</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">0.76</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1.06</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">1.22</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1.22</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Diluted</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">0.76</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1.04</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">1.21</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1.20</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Cash Dividends Per Share</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Class A Common</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">0.33</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">0.32</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">0.66</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">0.64</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Class B Common</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">0.33</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">0.32</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Basic</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">57,379</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">57,392</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">56,948</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Diluted</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">57,870</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">57,554</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">57,955</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">57,633</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> </font><br>
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    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z3d5a64f48bf04a65924a3542bc34c8d5" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
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              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 1pt;">&#160;</font>Due to the retrospective adoption of Accounting Standards Update (&#8220;ASU&#8221;) 2017-07, total
                    net benefits of $2.0 million and $3.9 million related to the non-service components of defined benefit and other post-employment benefit plans were reclassified from Operating and Administrative Expenses to Interest and Other Income for
                    the three and six months ended October 31, 2017, respectively. Total net benefits related to the non-service components of defined benefit and other post-employment benefit plans were $2.1 million and $4.5 million for the three and six
                    months ended October 31, 2018, respectively. Refer to Note 2, "Recent Accounting Standards," in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">6</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;"></div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:30d4b103-013c-4555-a820-8d89382ac2b5">
    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">JOHN WILEY &amp; SONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES</div>
    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF <a name="COMPREHENSIVEINCOME"><!--Anchor--></a>COMPREHENSIVE INCOME &#8211; UNAUDITED</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Dollars in thousands</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z1f408102ed024ce581ee4a7ce0f5c060" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31,</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Six Months Ended</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31,</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Net Income</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">43,784</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">60,048</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">70,079</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">69,284</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income:</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Foreign currency translation adjustment</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(20,424</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">5,636</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(60,749</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">33,041</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Unamortized retirement costs, tax provision (benefit) of $1,229, $(131), $3,717, and $(708),
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          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">4,387</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(579</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">13,198</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(2,526</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Unrealized gain on interest rate swaps, tax provision of $245, $249, $449 and $28,
                respectively</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(781</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">407</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(1,433</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">46</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(16,818</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">5,464</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(48,984</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">30,561</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Comprehensive Income</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">26,966</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">65,512</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">21,095</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">99,845</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">7</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;"></div>
    </div>
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  <div id="TRGRSegment:bd7b674b-660f-4129-a0e3-bec951a996e7">
    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">JOHN WILEY &amp; SONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES</div>
    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF<a name="CASHFLOW"><!--Anchor--></a> CASH FLOW &#8211; UNAUDITED</font></div>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Six Months Ended</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31,</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> 2018</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><u><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times,
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Net income</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">70,079</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">69,284</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amortization of intangibles</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">23,802</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amortization of product development spending</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">20,093</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">20,246</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Depreciation and amortization of technology, property and equipment</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">35,845</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">34,775</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Restructuring charges</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">3,910</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">24,323</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Stock-based compensation expense</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">8,882</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2,536</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Royalty advances</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(50,580</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(46,860</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Earned royalty advances</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">71,317</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">62,993</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Impairment of publishing brand</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">&#8212;</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">3,600</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other non-cash credits</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">7,917</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">9,634</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Net change in operating assets and liabilities</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(313,610</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(250,145</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Product development spending</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          </td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Additions to technology, property and equipment</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Acquisitions of publication rights and other</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(2,795</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(6,097</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Net Cash Used in Investing Activities</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(77,493</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><u><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times,
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Repayment of long-term debt</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(65,800</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(78,492</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Borrowing of long-term debt</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">245,075</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">275,081</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Purchase of treasury shares</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(24,994</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(29,257</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Change in book overdrafts</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(3,066</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(2,629</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Cash dividends</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(38,033</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(36,699</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Net proceeds from exercise of stock options and other</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">7,283</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">7,347</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">120,465</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">135,351</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Effects of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash <sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">(1)</sup></font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(8,368</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2,855</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash <sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">(1)</sup></font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(Decrease)/Increase for the Period</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(54,170</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">14,901</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Balance at Beginning of Period</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">170,257</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">58,516</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Balance at End of Period</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">116,087</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">73,417</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Cash Paid During the Period for:</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Interest</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">5,713</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">6,471</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Income taxes, net of refunds</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">18,404</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">26,398</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">See the accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zfaa7246fe80344bb95ee69c952b261fd" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1)</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Due to the retrospective adoption of ASU 2016-18, we are now required to include restricted cash as part of the change in cash, cash equivalents, and
                    restricted cash. As a result, amounts which were previously classified as cash flows from operating activities have been reclassified as they are recognized in the total change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash. Refer to
                    Note 2, "Recent Accounting Standards," in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> </font><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">8</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;"></div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:0b38e3ce-9e12-4132-abf9-d8d1be9caa7f">
    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">JOHN WILEY &amp; SONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES</div>
    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:af1576f7-3697-4b30-937e-9b9c57e10d23">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><a name="Note1"><!--Anchor--></a>Note 1 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Basis of Presentation</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:022da3c6-ced5-4eab-b456-a79f196517bd">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Throughout this report, when we refer to &#8220;Wiley,&#8221; the &#8220;Company,&#8221; &#8220;we,&#8221; &#8220;our,&#8221; or &#8220;us,&#8221; we are referring to John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. and all our
      subsidiaries, except where the context indicates otherwise.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include all the accounts of the Company and our subsidiaries. We have eliminated
        all significant intercompany transactions and balances in consolidation. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments,
        necessary to present fairly the Condensed Consolidated Financial Condition, Results of Operations, Comprehensive Income and Cash Flows for the periods presented. Operating results for the interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results
        expected for the full year. All amounts are in thousands, except per share amounts, and approximate due to rounding. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the most recent audited consolidated financial statements included in
        our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2018 as filed with the SEC on June 29, 2018 (&#8220;2018 Form 10-K&#8221;).</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in accordance with the interim reporting requirements of the SEC. As permitted
        under those rules, annual footnotes or other financial information that are normally required by U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted. The preparation of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires
        management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts
        of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year&#8217;s presentation.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:485bc951-4714-4ea0-81a9-1436016c6ec9">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><a name="Note2"><!--Anchor--></a>Note 2 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Recent Accounting Standards</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:e79b8a2f-fe61-42dc-9719-2c2e6c2c9105">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Recently Adopted Accounting Standards</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In May 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (&#8220;FASB&#8221;) issued ASU 2017-09, &#8220;Compensation&#8212;Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of
        Modification Accounting,&#8221; which clarifies when changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting. Under the new guidance, modification accounting is only required if the fair value,
        vesting conditions or classification (equity or liability) of the new award are different from the original award immediately before the original award is modified. We adopted ASU 2017-09 on May 1, 2018 and there was no impact to our condensed
        consolidated financial statements. The new guidance must be applied prospectively to awards modified on or after the adoption date. The future impact of ASU 2017-09 will be dependent on the nature of future stock award modifications.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, &#8220;Compensation&#8212;Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension
        Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost.&#8221; The guidance requires that the service cost component of net pension and postretirement benefit costs be reported in the same line item as other compensation costs arising from services rendered
        by the pertinent employees during the period, while the other components of net benefit costs must be reported separately from the service cost component and below operating income. The guidance also allows only the service cost component to be
        eligible for capitalization when applicable. We adopted ASU 2017-07 on May 1, 2018. The new guidance must be applied retrospectively for the presentation of net benefit costs in the income statement and prospectively for the capitalization of the
        service cost component of net benefit costs.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The effect of retrospectively adopting this guidance resulted in a reclassification of net benefits of $2.0 million and $3.9 million from
        Operating and Administrative Expenses to Interest and Other Income on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three and six months ended October 31, 2017, respectively. The amount included in Interest and Other Income on the
        Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018 was a net benefit of $2.1 million and $4.5 million, respectively. We do not capitalize any service costs.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, &#8220;Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business&#8221;, which clarifies
        the definition of a business in order to allow for the evaluation of whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions or disposals of assets or business. We adopted ASU 2017-01 on May 1, 2018. The future impact of ASU 2017-01 will be
        dependent upon the nature of future acquisitions or dispositions made by us.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
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      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">9</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:0525da03-6ef0-48d9-a18c-d639a3fe555c">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash. ASU 2016-18 requires that entities include restricted
      cash and restricted cash equivalents with cash and cash equivalents in the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the Statement of Cash Flows. We adopted ASU 2016-18 on May 1, 2018. Retrospective transition method is to be
      applied to each period presented. As a result of this retrospective adoption, the reclassification of restricted cash into a change in total cash resulted in a reduction in Cash Used in Operating Activities of $0.5 million for the six months ended
      October 31, 2017. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the
      Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z9adf9787663b46a89dc3d86ae27645cd" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Balance at the Beginning of Period</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2017</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Cash and cash equivalents</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">169,773</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">58,516</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Restricted cash included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">484</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">170,257</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">58,516</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z4122cc4ac54040218386ad82b54d53e9" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Balance at the End of Period</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31, 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31, 2017</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Cash and cash equivalents</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">115,603</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">72,871</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Restricted cash included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">484</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">546</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">116,087</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">73,417</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:95573aff-c534-482e-bf1d-79cb6f158d10">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, &#8220;Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other than Inventory&#8221;, which simplifies the
      accounting for the income tax consequences of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory. Current U.S. GAAP prohibits the recognition of current and deferred income taxes for an intra-entity asset transfer until the asset has been sold to
      an outside party. The new guidance states that an entity should recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs. Consequently, the amendments in this Standard eliminate the
      exception for an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory. We adopted ASU 2016-16 on May 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2016-16 did not have a material impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, &#8220;Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash
        Payments,&#8221; which provides clarification on classifying a variety of activities within the Statement of Cash Flows. We adopted ASU 2016-15 on May 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2016-15 did not have a material impact to our condensed consolidated
        statements of cash flows.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, &#8220;Financial Instruments&#8212;Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial
        Assets and Financial Liabilities.&#8221; Subsequently, the FASB issued ASU 2018-03, &#8220;Technical Corrections and Improvements to Financial Instruments-Overall.&#8221;&#160; ASU 2016-01 requires equity investments except those under the equity method of accounting to
        be measured at fair value with the changes in fair value recognized in net income. The amendment simplifies the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment to identify
        impairment. In addition, it also requires enhanced disclosures about investments. We adopted ASU 2016-01 on May 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2016- 01 did not have a material impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers," (Topic 606) which superseded most existing revenue
        recognition guidance. We adopted ASU 2014-09 on May 1, 2018. The standard allows for either "full retrospective" adoption, meaning the standard is applied to all periods presented, or "modified retrospective" adoption, meaning the standard is
        applied only to the most current period presented in the financial statements. Subsequently, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) &#8211; Principal versus Agent Considerations", ASU 2016-10, "Revenue from
        Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) &#8211; Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing", ASU 2016-12, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) &#8211; Narrow Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients", and ASU 2016-20, "Technical
        Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers," which provide clarification and additional guidance related to ASU 2014-09. We also adopted ASU 2016-08, ASU 2016-10, ASU 2016-12, and ASU 2016-20 with ASU 2014-09
        (collectively, the &#8220;new revenue standard&#8221;) on May 1, 2018.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We utilized a comprehensive approach to assess the impact of the new revenue standard on our contract portfolio by reviewing our current
        accounting policies and practices to identify differences that would result from applying the new revenue standard to our revenue contracts. Additionally, we reviewed customer agreements representative of our business models and assessed whether
        changes in revenue recognition were appropriate under the new revenue standard.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">10</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We adopted the new revenue standard as of May 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective method. The adoption of the new revenue standard did
        not have a material impact to our consolidated revenues, financial position, or results of operations. Upon adoption, we recorded an immaterial net increase to opening retained earnings resulting from the change in timing of when certain components
        of our revenue is recognized as required under the new revenue standard as compared to historical policies. Such changes include:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zd9813c65072a41a986b74290846bb7f0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 27.1pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(i)</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">perpetual licenses granted in connection with other deliverables; revenue that was previously recognized over the life of the associated subscription for
                    future content is now recognized at a point in time, which is when access to content is initially granted,</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zdcba195b13fd4815a0a35960160449c8" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 27.1pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(ii)</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">customers&#8217; unexercised rights; revenue which was previously recognized at the end of a pre-determined period for situations where we have received a
                    nonrefundable payment for a customer to receive a good or service and the customer has not exercised such right is now recognized as revenue in proportion to the pattern of rights exercised by the customer,</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
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            <tr>
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              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">recognition of estimated revenue from royalty agreements in the period of usage, and</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
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    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z4b3d99c8f5ba4e2aafd729b9c0031fc7" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

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                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">recognition of revenue for certain arrangements with minimum guarantees on a time-based (straight-line) basis due to a stand-ready obligation to provide
                    additional rights to content.</font></div>
              </td>
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        </table>
      </div>
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    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The adoption of the new revenue standard resulted in the discontinuance of the historical practice of presenting accounts receivable and
        deferred revenue balances on a net basis for some of our subscription licensing agreements where we have invoiced a customer in advance of the related revenue being recognized and payment has not yet been received. As of April 30, 2018, the amounts
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    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In addition, the adoption of the new revenue standard resulted in the reclassification of the sales return reserve provision to Contract
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  <div id="TRGRSegment:0ae34499-e031-4c58-9cb7-95cf3dad1627">
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2018</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">May 1, 2018</font></div>
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        <tr>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.6pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Accounts receivable, net</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">212,377</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">305,726</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.6pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Product development assets</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">78,814</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(3,725</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">75,089</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.6pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Technology, property and equipment, net</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">289,934</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(361</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">289,573</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.6pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other non-current assets</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">85,802</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">5,274</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">91,076</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Liabilities</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.6pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Accrued royalties</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">73,007</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">72,276</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.6pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Contract liability (Deferred revenue)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">486,353</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">89,364</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.6pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Deferred income tax liabilities</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">143,518</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1,400</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">144,918</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Retained earnings</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1,834,057</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">4,503</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1,838,560</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:d2209764-8a80-4588-8f48-3de5229b1ce1">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The impact of the adoption of the new revenue standard on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income was $10.2 million and $11.5 million in revenue,
      net, for the three months and six months ended October 31, 2018, respectively, and was $2.4 million in cost of sales for both the three and six months ended October 31, 2018. The impact to the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position
      was not material by line item, except for the amount related to the netting down of the accounts receivable and deferred revenue as described above and a reclassification of the sales return reserve provision to contract liability from accounts
      receivable, net. As of October 31, 2018, the amount that would have been netted down from accounts receivable, net and deferred revenue prior to the adoption of the new revenue standard would have been $5.8 million. Due to the adoption of the new
      revenue standard, the sales return reserve provision amount that is included in Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue) on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of October 31, 2018 was $31.1 million.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:3bf42980-bd8d-4f5a-9827-97aaa53ff5bc">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Recently Issued Accounting Standards</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, &#8220;Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer&#8217;s Accounting
        for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract.&#8221; ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the
        requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. We are currently
        assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, &#8220;Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure
        Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans.&#8221; ASU 2018-14 removes certain disclosures that are not considered cost beneficial, clarifies certain required disclosures and added additional disclosures. The standard is
        effective for us on May 1, 2021, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in ASU 2018-14 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis.&#160; We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">11</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, &#8220;Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements
        for Fair Value Measurement.&#8221; ASU 2018-13 removes certain disclosures, modifies certain disclosures and added additional disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Certain disclosures in ASU 2018-13
        would need to be applied on a retrospective basis and others on a prospective basis. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02 &#8220;Income Statement&#8212;Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax
        Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income,&#8221; which allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The standard is effective for
        us on May 1, 2019, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging
        Activities,&#8221; to simplify and improve the application and financial reporting of hedge accounting. Subsequently, in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-1<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">6, &#8220;Derivatives
          and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap (OIS) Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes&#8221;.&#160; ASU 2017-12</font> eases the requirements for measuring and reporting
        hedge ineffectiveness and clarifies that changes in the fair value of hedging instruments for cash flow, net investment, and fair value hedges should be reflected in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. The
        guidance also permits entities to designate specific components in cash flow and interest rate hedges as the hedged risk, instead of using total cash flows. ASU 2018-16 allows the use of the OIS rate based on the SOFR as a U.S. benchmark interest
        rate for hedge accounting purposes. These ASUs are effective for us on May 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, &#8220;Intangibles&#8211;Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): &#8220;Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment&#8221;,
        which simplifies the measurement of a potential goodwill impairment charge by eliminating the requirement to calculate an implied fair value of the goodwill based on the fair value of a reporting unit&#8217;s other assets and liabilities. The new
        guidance eliminates the implied fair value method and instead measures a potential impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit&#8217;s carrying value compared to its fair value. The impairment charge cannot exceed the total amount of
        goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Based on our most recent annual goodwill impairment test completed in fiscal year 2018, we expect no initial impact on
        adoption.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, &#8220;Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial
        Instruments.&#8221; Subsequently, in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses&#8221;.&#160; ASU 2016-13 requires entities to measure all expected credit losses for most financial assets
        held at the reporting date based on an expected loss model which includes historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Entities will now use forward-looking information to better form their credit loss
        estimates. ASU 2016-13 also requires enhanced disclosures to help financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an
        entity&#8217;s portfolio. ASU 2016-13 and ASU 2018-19 are effective for us on May 1, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal periods, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our
        consolidated financial statements.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)&#8221;. Subsequently, in July 2018 the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, &#8220;Leases (Topic
        842): Targeted Improvements&#8221; and ASU 2018-10, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases&#8221;.&#160; ASU 2016-02 requires an entity to recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability for all leases with terms of more than 12 months. Recognition,
        measurement, and presentation of expenses will depend on classification as a finance or operating lease. Similar modifications have been made to lessor accounting in-line with revenue recognition guidance. The standard is effective for us on May 1,
        2019, with early adoption permitted. Adoption requires application of the new guidance to the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. ASU 2018-11 provides for an additional (and optional) transition
        method whereby we can recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening retained earnings in the period of adoption. In addition, ASU 2018-11 provides for a practical expedient to not separate nonlease components from the associated lease
        component if certain conditions are met. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:32895edf-4c4f-4352-b948-e41127cfda60">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><a name="Note3"><!--Anchor--></a>Note 3 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized using a five-step model consisting of the following: (1) identify the contract with a
        customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy a
        performance obligation. Performance obligations are satisfied when we transfer control of a good or service to a customer, which can occur over time or at a point in time. The amount of revenue recognized is based on the consideration to which we
        expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services, including the expected value of variable consideration. The customer&#8217;s ability and intent to pay the transaction price is assessed in determining whether a contract exists with the
        customer. If collectability of substantially all the consideration in a contract is not probable, consideration received is not recognized as revenue unless the consideration is nonrefundable, and we no longer have an obligation to transfer
        additional goods or services to the customer or collectability becomes probable.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">12</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:94b623da-fc18-4a53-8d76-efc708237f05">
    <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Disaggregation of Revenue</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:3a0428a7-b76d-4b66-af3c-098bd990eb98">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following tables present our revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type for the three and six months ended October
      31, 2018 and 2017:</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z6d5aa3d1d2824e95a0c707085f423a71" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="30" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended October 31,</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="14" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="14" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Research</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Publishing</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Solutions</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Total</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Research</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Publishing</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Solutions</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Total</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Research:</font></font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Journals Subscriptions</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">163,751</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Open Access</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">41,329</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">41,329</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">9,365</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">9,365</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">8,028</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">8,028</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">29,737</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">12,318</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">12,318</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">228,645</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">157,499</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">62,478</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">448,622</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">228,870</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">164,985</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">57,876</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">451,731</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <div id="TRGRSegment:68e0090e-e876-402b-8215-ddf8ed77a4f4">
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zb6eafd75f0ed43ea86b4a4126e0bfe10" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="30" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Six Months Ended October 31,</div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="14" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="14" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Research</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Publishing</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Solutions</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Total</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Research</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Publishing</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Solutions</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Total</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Research:</font></font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Journals Subscriptions</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">329,709</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">329,709</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">338,488</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Education Services (OPM)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">59,037</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">59,037</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">56,074</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">56,074</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Professional Assessment</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">33,067</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">33,067</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">30,708</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">30,708</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Corporate Learning</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">31,362</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">31,362</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">27,633</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">27,633</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Total</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">453,637</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">282,420</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">123,466</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">859,523</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">452,497</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">296,263</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">114,415</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">863,175</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">13</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:5dd7a697-64f6-4d92-9071-5042e1802ff1">
    <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Description of Revenue Generating Activities</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We generate our revenues from sales from our three reportable segments. We report our segment information in accordance
        with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 280, &#8220;Segment Reporting&#8221; (&#8220;FASB ASC Topic 280&#8221;).&#160;Our segment reporting structure consists of three reportable segments, which are listed below, and a Corporate category:</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zee2a28bb62cd4eb5922789153a3b9386" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Research,</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z6b7e27780cde4677b00fce62611a8531" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Publishing, and</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="ze87389e9724d46379e1a8d6bb795b0a9" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Solutions.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Research Segment</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Included within the Research segment are the following revenue streams:</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z0af24d90c1c14ed7abf032a86992e0fc" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Journal Subscriptions,</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z7e802f05ae0f4410b47b8baecbe88d2d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Open Access,</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="za5660fa1437c44ca98ca85d486d2669c" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other, and</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z7934de71f4f747e58b5d467bc7e8e4cc" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Publishing Technology Services (Atypon).</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Journal Subscriptions</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We publish approximately 1,700 academic research journals. We
          sell journal subscriptions</font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">directly through our sales
          representatives, indirectly through independent subscription agents, through promotional campaigns, and through memberships in professional societies for those journals that are sponsored by societies. Journal subscriptions are primarily licensed
          through contracts for digital content available online through </font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Wiley Online Library. </font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family:
          'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In March 2018, we migrated our </font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Wiley Online Library</font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times
          New Roman', Times, serif;"> platform to our </font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Literatum </font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">platform,



          which we acquired as part of our purchase of Atypon Systems, Inc. (</font>&#8220;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Atypon</font>&#8221;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)
          in fiscal year 2017. Contracts are negotiated by us directly with customers or their subscription agents. Subscription periods typically cover calendar years. Print journals are generally mailed to subscribers directly from independent
          printers.&#160;We do not own or manage printing facilities.&#160;Subscription revenue is generally collected in advance.</font></font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In a </font>typical journal subscription sale, there is a
        written agreement between us and our customer that cover multiple years.&#160; However, we typically account for these agreements as one-year contracts because our enforceable rights under the agreements are subject to an annual confirmation and
        negotiation process with the customer.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In journal subscriptions, multiple performance obligations exist, which include a stand-ready promise to provide access to new content for
        one year and a perpetual license for access to historical journal content. The transaction price consists of fixed consideration.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We allocate revenue to the stand-ready promise to provide access to new content for one year based on its standalone selling price and the
        revenue for new content is recognized over time as we have a continuous stand-ready obligation to provide the right of access to additional intellectual property. The allocation of revenue to the perpetual licenses for access to historical journal
        content is done using the expected cost plus a margin approach as permitted by the new revenue standard. Revenue is recognized at the point in time when access to historical content is initially granted.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Open Access</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Under the Author-Funded Access business model, accepted research articles are published subject to payment of Article Publication Charges
        (&#8220;APC&#8221;). All Author-Funded Access articles are immediately free to access online. Contributors of Author-Funded Access articles retain many rights and typically license their work under terms that permit re-use. Author-Funded Access offers authors
        choices in how to share and disseminate their work, and it serves the needs of researchers who may be required by their research funder to make articles freely accessible without embargo. APCs are typically paid by the individual author or by the
        author&#8217;s funder, and payments are often mediated by the author&#8217;s institution. We provide specific workflows and infrastructure to authors, funders and institutions to support the requirements of the Author-Funded Access model.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Customers in open access are typically individual educational institutions or a consortium of universities. Under the Author-Funded Access
        model, we have a signed contract with the customer that contains enforceable rights.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The Author-Funded Access model in a typical model includes an over-time single performance obligation that combines a promise to host the
        customer&#8217;s content on our open access platform, and a promise to provide a discount on APCs of eligible users (as defined in the contract) in exchange for an upfront payment. Enforceable right to payment occurs over time as we fulfill our
        obligation to provide a discount to eligible users, as defined, on future APCs. Therefore, the upfront payment is deferred and recognized over time.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">14</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles, and Other includes advertising, backfile sales, the licensing of publishing rights, journal and article
        reprints, and individual article sales.&#160;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">A backfile</font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">license provides access to a historical collection of Wiley journals, generally for a one-time fee.&#160;</font></font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Within Licensing, the revenue derived from these contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments, including minimum guarantees and
        sales- or usage-based royalty agreements. For our sales-or usage-based royalty agreements, we recognize revenue in the period of usage based on the amounts earned. We record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported
        to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts. We also have certain licenses whereby we receive a non-refundable minimum guarantee against a volume-based royalty throughout the term of
        the agreement. We recognize revenue for the minimum guarantee on a straight-line basis over the term of the agreement because of the stand-ready promise to provide updates during the subscription period. We recognize volume-based royalty income
        only when cumulative consideration exceeds the minimum guarantee.</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> </font><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Reprints contracts generally contain a single performance obligation which is the delivery of printed articles. Revenue is recognized at the
        time of delivery of the printed articles.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">For Backfiles, the performance obligation is the granting of a functional intellectual property license. Revenue is recognized at the time
        the functional intellectual property license is granted.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other includes our Article Select offering, whereby we have a single performance obligation to our customers to give access to an article
        through the purchase of a token. The customer redeems the token for access to the article for a 24-hour period. The customer purchases the tokens with an upfront cash payment. Revenue is recognized when access to the article is provided.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Publishing Technology Services (Atypon)</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Atypon is a publishing software and service provider that enables scholarly and professional societies and publishers to deliver, host,
        enhance, market, and manage their content on the web through the <font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Literatum</font> platform.&#160;The duration of these contracts is generally multi-year
        ranging from 2-5 years. Atypon contracts typically include a single performance obligation for the implementation and hosting subscription services. The transaction price is fixed which may include price escalators that are fixed increases per
        year, and therefore, revenue is recognized upon the initiation of the subscription period and straight-lined over the contract period.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Publishing Segment</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Included within the Publishing segment are the following revenue streams:</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z2d0e36fb598e4689956f48f013ce954c" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">STM (Scientific, Technical and Medical) and Professional Publishing,</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z160137e8a17040a5a3a470a0edbdbcfa" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Education Publishing,</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z4f5957c25eee4f11ab890f806289713d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Course Workflow (WileyPLUS),</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zd7d8f5741962453eaf4c69ee2534c454" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Test Preparation and Certification, and</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z886e134816124f208d66fef98a8c3243" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">STM (Scientific, Technical and Medical) and Professional Publishing and Education Publishing</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">STM books are sold and distributed globally in digital and print formats through multiple channels, including research libraries and library
        consortia, independent subscription agents, direct sales to professional society members, bookstores, online booksellers, and other customers.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Professional books, which include business and finance, technology, and other professional categories, as well as the <font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">For Dummies </font>brand, are sold to bookstores and online booksellers serving the general public, wholesalers who supply such bookstores, warehouse
        clubs, college bookstores, individual practitioners, industrial organizations and government agencies. We employ sales representatives who call upon independent bookstores, national and regional chain bookstores, and wholesalers. Sales of
        professional books also result from direct mail campaigns, telemarketing, online access, advertising, and reviews in periodicals.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Education textbooks and related supplementary material and digital products are sold primarily to bookstores and online booksellers serving
        both for-profit and nonprofit educational institutions (primarily colleges and universities), and direct-to-students. We employ sales representatives who call on faculty responsible for selecting books to be used in courses, and on the bookstores
        that serve such institutions and their students. The textbook business is seasonal, with the majority of textbook sales occurring during the July-through-October and December-through-January periods. Book sales for STM, Professional and Education
        Publishing are generally made on a returnable basis with certain restrictions.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">15</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Our performance obligations as it relates to STM, Professional and Education Publishing are primarily book products delivered in both print
        and digital form which could include a single or multiple performance obligations based on the number of International Standard Book Number (&#8220;ISBN&#8217;s&#8221;) purchased.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">This revenue stream also includes variable consideration as it relates to discounts and returns for both print and digital books.&#160; Discounts
        are identifiable by performance obligation and therefore are applied at the point of sale by performance obligation. The process that we use to determine our sales returns and the related reserve provision charged against revenue is based on
        applying an estimated return rate to current year returnable print book sales. This rate is based upon an analysis of actual historical return experience in the various markets and geographic regions in which we do business. We collect, maintain
        and analyze significant amounts of sales returns data for large volumes of homogeneous transactions. This allows us to make reasonable estimates of the amount of future returns. All available data is utilized to identify the returns by market and
        to which fiscal year the sales returns apply. This enables management to track the returns in detail and identify and react to trends occurring in the marketplace, with the objective of being able to make the most informed judgments possible in
        setting reserve rates. Associated with the estimated sales return reserves, we also include a related reduction in inventory and royalty costs as a result of the expected returns.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As it relates to print and digital books within the STM, Professional and Education Publishing, revenue is recognized at the point when
        control of product transfers, which for print is upon shipment or for digital when fulfillment of the products has been rendered.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Course Workflow (WileyPLUS)</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We offer high-quality online learning solutions, including WileyPLUS, a research-based, online environment for effective teaching and
        learning that is integrated with a complete digital textbook. Course Workflow customers purchase access codes to utilize the product.&#160; This could include a single or multiple performance obligations based on the number of course ISBN&#8217;s purchased.
        Revenue is recognized from the point in time when the access codes are activated and then over the applicable semester term such product relates to.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Test Preparation and Certification</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The Test Preparation and Certification business represents learning solutions and training activities that are delivered to customers
        directly through online digital delivery platforms.&#160;Products include CPAExcel, a modular, digital platform comprised of online self-study, videos, mobile apps, and sophisticated planning tools to help professionals prepare for the CPA exam, and
        test preparation products for the CFA&#174;, CMA, CIA&#174;, CMT&#174;, FRN&#174;, FINRA, Banking, and PMP&#174; exams.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Test Preparation and Certification contracts are generally three-year agreements. This revenue stream includes multiple performance
        obligations as it relates to the on-line and printed course materials, including such items as text books, e-books, video lectures, flashcards, study guides and test banks. The transaction price is fixed, however, discounts are offered and returns
        of certain products are allowed. We allocate revenue to each performance obligation based on its standalone selling price.&#160; Depending on the performance obligation, revenue is recognized at the time the product is delivered and control has passed
        to the customer or over time due to our stand-ready obligation to provide updates to the customer.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Licensing and distribution services are made available to other publishers under agency arrangements. We also engage in co-publishing titles
        with international publishers and receive licensing revenue from photocopies, reproductions, translations, and digital uses of our content. Wiley also realizes advertising revenue from branded Web sites (e.g., Dummies.com, etc.) and online
        applications. Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other contracts are generally multi-year agreements.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Revenue derived from our licensing contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments and sales- or usage-based royalties. Revenue for
        advance payments is recognized at the point in time that the functional intellectual property license is granted. For sales- or usage- based royalties, we record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based
        on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Solutions Segment</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Included within the Solutions segment are the following revenue streams:</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zdeb47944c6cf4fd28b57f68346fe4429" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Education Services (OPM),</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zdc958fb64e5449cb9ec6fb102912a6b2" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Professional Assessment, and</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zad6776fb0a204a2ea9740c69085d750e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Corporate Learning.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">16</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Education Services (OPM)</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As student demand for online degree and certificate programs continues to increase, traditional institutions are partnering with <font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Online Program Management (&#8220;</font>OPM&#8221;) providers to develop and support these programs. Education Services (OPM) include market research, marketing, student recruitment,
        enrollment support, proactive retention support, academic services to design courses, faculty support, and access to the Engage Learning Management System, which facilitates the online education experience. Revenue is derived from pre-negotiated
        contracts with institutions that provide for a share of tuition generated from students who enroll in a program. The duration of Education Services (OPM) contracts are generally multi-year agreements ranging from a period of 7-10 years, with some
        having optional renewal periods.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Education Services (OPM) includes a single performance obligation for the services provided because of the integrated technology and services
        our institutional clients need to attract, enroll, educate and support students. Consideration is variable since it is based on the number of students enrolled in a program. We begin to recognize revenue at the start of the delivery of the class
        within a semester, which is also the point at which the variable consideration contingency is resolved.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Professional Assessment</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Our Professional Assessment services include pre-hire screening and post-hire personality assessments, which are delivered to business
        customers through online digital delivery platforms, either directly or through an authorized distributor network of independent consultants, trainers, and coaches. Professional Assessment services contracts are generally one year.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Professional Assessment includes a performance obligation to stand ready to provide assessments to our distributor&#8217;s customers or to provide
        assessments direct to a customer. Revenue for Professional Assessments is recognized at the time the product or service is provided or delivered. Consideration is allocated to assessments based on standalone selling prices. In addition, as it
        relates to Professional Assessments customers' unexercised rights for situations where we have received a nonrefundable payment for a customer to receive a good or service and the customer is not expected to exercise such right, we will recognize
        such &#8220;breakage&#8221; amounts as revenue in proportion to the pattern of rights exercised by the customer.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Corporate Learning</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The Corporate Learning business offers online learning and
          training solutions for global corporations, universities, and small and medium-sized enterprises, which are sold on a subscription or fee basis. Learning formats and modules on topics such as leadership development, value creation, client
          orientation, change management and corporate strategy are delivered on a cloud-based Learning Management System (&#8220;LMS&#8221;) platform that hosts over 20,000 content assets (videos, digital learning modules, written files, etc.) in 17 languages. Its
          Mohive offering also provides a collaborative e-learning publishing and program creation system.&#160;Revenue growth is derived from legacy markets, such as France, England, and other European markets, and newer markets, such as the U.S. and Brazil.
          In addition, content and LMS offerings are continuously refreshed and expanded to serve a wider variety of customer needs. </font>These digital learning solutions are sold directly to corporate customers either direct or through our partners.
        Corporate Learning contracts are generally multi-year agreements.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The transaction price consists of fixed consideration that is determined at the beginning of each year and received at the same time. Within
        Corporate Learning there are multiple performance obligations which includes the licenses to learning content and the learning application. Revenue is recognized over time as we have a continuous obligation to provide the right of access to the
        intellectual property which includes the licenses and learning applications.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:6afc84e8-67e8-48d3-bcd9-93cadc6000ab">
    <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Accounts Receivable, net and Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue) Balances</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">When consideration is received, or such consideration is unconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services to the
        customer under the terms of a contract, a contract liability is recorded. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue when, or as, control of the products or services are transferred to the customer and all revenue recognition criteria have been
        met.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:e57c76de-5cb0-4af9-b2d0-9270ded59dbf">
    <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table provides information about receivables and contract liabilities from contracts with customers.</div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z69acdb26ceff435db4e714a98663752f" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31, 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2018 <sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">(1)</sup></font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Increase/</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(Decrease)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Balances from contracts with customers:</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 17.75pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Accounts receivable, net <sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">(2)</sup></font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">236,207</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">212,377</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">23,830</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 17.75pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Contract liability (Deferred revenue) <sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">(2)</sup></font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">237,184</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">486,353</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(249,169</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Contract liability (Deferred revenue) (included in Other Long-Term Liabilities)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">12,568</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">12,568</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -27.1pt; margin-left: 27.1pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">(1) </sup>As noted above, prior period amounts have not been adjusted under the modified
        retrospective method.</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -8.85pt; margin-left: 8.85pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">(2) </sup>Due to the adoption of the new revenue standard, the sales return reserve as of
        October 31, 2018 of $31.1 million is recorded in Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue). In prior periods, it was recorded as a reduction to Accounts Receivable, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">17</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:35ac9528-1cb2-44e2-9768-84120453ceeb">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revenue recognized for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018 relating to the contract liability at April 30, 2018 was $190.5 million and $386.8
      million, respectively.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:20af5a87-a015-4803-b7f8-697e0f1bab2b">
    <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Remaining Performance Obligations included in Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue)</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As of October 31, 2018, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations is approximately
        $249.8 million. We expect that approximately $237.2 million will be recognized in the next twelve months with the remaining $12.6 million to be recognized thereafter.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">Assets Recognized for the Costs to Fulfill a Contract</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Costs to fulfill a contract are directly related to a contract that will be used to satisfy a performance obligation in the future and are
        expected to be recovered. These types of costs are incurred in the following revenue streams, (1) <font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) and (2) Education Services
          (OPM).</font></font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Our assets associated with incremental costs to fulfill a contract were $6.6 million at October 31, 2018 and are included within Other
        Non-Current Assets on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. We recorded amortization expense of $0.4 million and $1.2 million during the three and six months ended October 31, 2018 related to these assets within Cost of Sales on the Condensed
        Consolidated Statements of Income, respectively. The costs related to Education Services (OPM) were previously included in Product Development Assets on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. Certain costs related to <font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) were previously included in </font>Technology, Property and Equipment, net on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial
        Position.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:b919edd2-7baf-423a-b5b7-ff3d0ce3f137">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Sales and value-added taxes are excluded from revenues. Shipping and handling costs, which are primarily incurred within the Publishing segment, occur
      before the transfer of control of the related goods. Therefore, in accordance with the new revenue standard, it is not considered a promised service to the customer and would be considered a cost to fulfill our promise to transfer the goods. Costs
      incurred for third party shipping and handling are reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. We incurred $8.6 million and $16.5 million in shipping and handling costs in the three and six
      months ended October 31, 2018, respectively. We incurred $8.8 million and $16.6 million in shipping and handling costs in the three and six months ended October 31, 2017, respectively.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:f49f149b-2077-4cf1-bc72-7731a29c7dbf">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><a name="Note4"><!--Anchor--></a>Note 4 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Stock-Based Compensation</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We have stock-based compensation plans under which employees may be granted performance-based stock awards and other restricted stock
        awards.&#160; Prior to fiscal year 2017, we also granted options to purchase shares of our common stock at the fair market value at the time of grant. We recognize the grant date fair value of stock-based compensation in net income on a straight-line
        basis, net of estimated forfeitures over the requisite service period. The measurement of performance for performance-based stock awards is based on actual financial results for targets established three years in advance. For the three months ended
        October 31, 2018 and 2017, we recognized stock-based compensation expense, on a pre-tax basis, of $5.0 million and $4.0 million, respectively. For the six months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017, we recognized stock-based compensation expense, on a
        pre-tax basis, of $8.9 million and $2.5 million, respectively.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:5715ca68-cc33-44a7-a5c2-1d483844e984">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes restricted stock awards we granted:</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z3432f6cb1f8746dc8ac676b6b237aa23" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Six Months Ended</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31,</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Restricted Stock:</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Awards granted</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">397</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">405</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Weighted average fair value of grant</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">63.33</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">51.44</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">18</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:7cc6c1e9-d8ee-40c6-9494-b6d7fa5d8d78">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><a name="Note5"><!--Anchor--></a>Note 5 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:5c7e7a3e-a7d6-41d6-81dc-b548d41f8610">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by component, net of tax, for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017 were as follows:</div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z23fef18933ca425e95ab625ff92f5da1" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Currency Translation</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Unamortized</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Retirement Costs</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Interest</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Rate Swaps</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Total</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Balance at July 31, 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(291,898</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(182,215</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2,367</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(471,746</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(20,424</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">3,273</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">543</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(16,608</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1,114</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1,324</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(210</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total other comprehensive (loss) income</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(20,424</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">4,387</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(781</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(16,818</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Balance at October 31, 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(312,322</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(177,828</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">1,586</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(488,564</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Balance at April 30, 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(251,573</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(191,026</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">3,019</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(439,580</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(60,749</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">10,993</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">613</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(49,143</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2,205</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(2,046</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">159</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total other comprehensive income (loss)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(60,749</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">13,198</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1,433</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(48,984</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Balance at October 31, 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(312,322</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(177,828</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">1,586</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(488,564</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:c305f3fe-69dd-4dac-a0cb-509a663fbaec">
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z8f1d0fb79cad47ee9e59617dfd6e933c" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Currency Translation</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Unamortized</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Retirement Costs</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Interest</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Rate Swaps</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Total</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Balance at July 31, 2017</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(291,807</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(192,449</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2,066</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(482,190</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">5,636</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1,673</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">238</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">4,201</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1,094</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">169</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1,263</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total other comprehensive income (loss)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">5,636</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(579</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">407</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">5,464</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Balance at October 31, 2017</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(286,171</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(193,028</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2,473</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(476,726</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Balance at April 30, 2017</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(319,212</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(190,502</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2,427</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(507,287</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">33,041</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(4,690</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(194</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">28,157</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2,164</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">240</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2,404</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total other comprehensive income (loss)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">33,041</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(2,526</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">46</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">30,561</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Balance at October 31, 2017</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(286,171</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(193,028</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2,473</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(476,726</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
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  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:4e726d9c-4ce8-420b-a23e-11646b289b6e">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During the three months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017, pre-tax actuarial losses included in Unamortized Retirement Costs of approximately $1.4 million
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  <div id="TRGRSegment:72eaa409-8606-4c41-bec9-7ec39b53b09e">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><a name="Note6"><!--Anchor--></a>Note 6 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding and Share Repurchases</font></div>
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  <div id="TRGRSegment:087826a4-28af-4e90-a60f-6896e00d8204">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A reconciliation of the shares used in the computation of earnings per share follows:</div>
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        <tr>
          <td style="width: 53.93%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td colspan="5" style="width: 22.19%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31,</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td colspan="5" style="width: 22.21%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Six Months Ended</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31,</font></div>
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        <tr>
          <td style="width: 53.93%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td colspan="2" style="width: 10.26%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2018</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td colspan="2" style="width: 10.26%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td colspan="2" style="width: 10.26%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2018</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td colspan="2" style="width: 10.28%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017</font></div>
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        <tr>
          <td style="width: 53.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Weighted average shares outstanding</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">57,426</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">57,013</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">57,451</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 8.61%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">57,100</font></div>
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        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 53.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Less: Unvested restricted shares</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(47)</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(138)</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(59)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 8.61%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(152)</font></div>
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        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 53.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Shares used for basic earnings per share</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">57,379</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">56,875</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">57,392</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 8.61%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">56,948</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 53.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Dilutive effect of stock options and other stock awards</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">491</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">679</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">563</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 8.61%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">685</font></div>
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        <tr>
          <td style="width: 53.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Shares used for diluted earnings per share</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">57,870</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">57,554</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">57,955</font></div>
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          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 4px double rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">57,633</font></div>
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    </table>
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  <div id="TRGRSegment:b979765c-747e-4219-ab37-e3444c18fe97">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Since their inclusion in the calculation of diluted earnings per share would have been anti-dilutive, options to purchase 157,167 shares of Class A Common
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    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">19</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">There were no restricted shares excluded for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018. There were 26,740 restricted shares excluded
        for the three and six months ended October 31, 2017, respectively.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Share Repurchases and Dividends</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">During the three months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017, we repurchased 299,188 and 285,599 shares of Class A common stock at an average
        price of $56.82 and $53.37, respectively. <font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">During the six months ended </font>October 31, 2018<font style="background-color: #FFFFFF;
          font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> and </font>2017<font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, the Company repurchased 425,120 and 550,757 shares of
          common stock at an average price of $58.79 and $53.12, respectively.</font></font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">On June 21, 2018, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.33 per common share, or $19.0 million, on our Class A and
        Class B common stock. The dividend was paid on July 18, 2018 to shareholders of record on July 3, 2018.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">On September 26, 2018, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.33 per common share, or $18.9 million, on our Class A
        and Class B common stock. The dividend was paid on October 24, 2018 to shareholders of record on October 9, 2018.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:152632fa-dbc0-486c-8a3a-01052ae9d8d0">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><a name="Note7"><!--Anchor--></a>Note 7 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Restructuring and Related Charges</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Beginning in fiscal year 2013, we initiated a program (the &#8220;Restructuring and Reinvestment Program&#8221;) to restructure and realign our cost base
        with current and anticipated future market conditions. We are targeting most of the cost savings achieved to improve margins and earnings, with the remainder reinvested in growth opportunities.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:b814e37c-ee4a-4787-9363-03774c980821">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring charges (credits) related to this program:</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z8deb15c432334d57bb68a20f8736dac2" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31,</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Six Months Ended</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31,</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Total Charges</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Incurred to Date</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Charges (Credits) by Segment:</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Research</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2,282</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(388</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">1,302</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">4,448</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">26,715</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Publishing</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">1,407</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">71</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">739</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">7,325</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">39,670</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Solutions</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">1,097</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(625</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">840</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2,170</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">7,087</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Corporate Expenses</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">5,210</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(464</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">1,029</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">10,380</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">96,948</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total Restructuring and Related Charges (Credits)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">9,996</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1,406</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">3,910</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">24,323</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">170,420</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Charges (Credits) by Activity:</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Severance</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">8,672</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1,455</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2,894</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">23,266</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">117,697</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Process Reengineering Consulting</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">90</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">225</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1,521</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">20,854</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other Activities</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">1,234</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">49</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">791</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(464</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">31,869</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">9,996</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1,406</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">3,910</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">24,323</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">170,420</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    </table>
    <div><br>
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  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:8b055743-7516-49b9-8c6c-7963380f76e2">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other Activities for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017 include lease impairment related costs. The credits in Other Activities for
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  <div id="TRGRSegment:69938acd-9d84-41ec-94fe-fb738186f811">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the activity for the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability for the six months ended October 31, 2018:</div>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div> </div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Charges</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Payments</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Translation &amp;</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Reclassifications</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31, 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Severance</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">17,279</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2,894</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(8,295</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(446</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">11,432</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Process Reengineering Consulting</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">225</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(175</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">50</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other Activities</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2,772</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">791</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(825</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">210</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2,948</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">20,051</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">3,910</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(9,295</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(236</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">14,430</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:8347d98f-3501-4ff4-a052-bb207211e013">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The restructuring liability as of October 31, 2018 for accrued severance costs is reflected in Accrued Employment Costs in the Condensed Consolidated
      Statement of Financial Position. The liability as of October 31, 2018, for Process Reengineering Consulting costs is reflected in Other Accrued Liabilities. As of October 31, 2018, approximately $1.2 million and $1.7 million of the Other Activities
      are reflected in Other Accrued Liabilities and Other Long-Term Liabilities, respectively, and mainly relate to facility relocation and lease impairment related costs. We currently do not anticipate any further material charges related to the
      Restructuring and Reinvestment Program.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The amount included in Other Long-Term Liabilities that relates to Other Activities is expected to be paid starting in 2020 until 2022.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">20</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><a name="Note8"><!--Anchor--></a>Note 8 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Segment Information</font></div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:a45bec14-f7c9-4f01-8461-9401b3c09eef">
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We report our segment information in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 280.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:ba5706dd-dc51-4fcd-9ad8-f71c2cdf6748">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Segment information is as follows:</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zfb78a7f7257d4122b69540af7fce596d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31,</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Six Months Ended</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31,</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017 <sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">(1)</sup></font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017 <sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">(1)</sup></font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Revenue:</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Research</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">228,645</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">228,870</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">453,637</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">452,497</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Publishing</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">157,499</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">164,985</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">282,420</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">296,263</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Solutions</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">62,478</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">57,876</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">123,466</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">114,415</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total Revenue</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">448,622</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">451,731</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">859,523</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">863,175</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Contribution to Profit:</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Research</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">58,907</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">70,146</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">116,033</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">130,608</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Publishing</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">39,455</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">41,913</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">53,175</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">46,383</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Solutions</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">7,049</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">7,309</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">10,273</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">5,341</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total Contribution to Profit <sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">(1)</sup></font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">105,411</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">119,368</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">179,481</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">182,332</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Corporate Expenses</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(47,936</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(38,580</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(85,866</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(88,974</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Operating Income <sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">(1)</sup></font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">57,475</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">80,788</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">93,615</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">93,358</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zad62d1cce9c44c5ea2cbb8b363c8b15e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1)</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Due to the retrospective adoption of ASU 2017-07, total net benefits of $2.0 million and $3.9 million related to the non-service components of defined benefit
                    and other post-employment benefit plans were reclassified from Operating and Administrative Expenses to Interest Income and Other for the three and six months ended October 31, 2017, respectively. Refer to Note 2, "Recent Accounting
                    Standards," in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information. The impact of the reclassification on Contribution to Profit by segment for the three months ended October 31, 2017 was $1.0 million in
                    Research, $0.6 million in Publishing, and $0.4 million in Corporate expenses. The impact of the reclassification on Contribution to Profit by segment for the six months ended October 31, 2017 was $2.0 million in Research, $1.1 million
                    in Publishing, and $0.8 million in Corporate expenses.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:6646ea0d-c01c-446a-abc2-68e7a64d5921">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><a name="Note9"><!--Anchor--></a>Note 9 </font>&#8212; <font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Inventories</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:9f4cf800-d6e2-4346-baa2-ee02f9a464a8">
    <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Inventories were as follows:</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="ze5c7d3cc33f24896bcf326627bcefa46" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31, 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Finished goods</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">32,388</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">36,503</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Work-in-process</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2,473</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2,139</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Paper and other materials</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">441</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">550</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">35,302</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">39,192</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Inventory value of estimated sales returns</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">4,261</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">4,626</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">LIFO reserve</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(4,479</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(4,329</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total inventories</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">35,084</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">39,489</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">21</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:dc3467aa-380e-4afc-b75a-46421dea2461">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><a name="Note10"><!--Anchor--></a>Note 10 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Goodwill and Intangible Assets</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:0840f9f0-dc9c-4695-ba2f-c046005e7d5b">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Goodwill</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The following table summarizes the activity in goodwill by segment as of October 31, 2018:</font></div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z0e98d5e3a66c467fa372aa4ffa7975f2" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Translation</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Adjustment</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31, 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Research</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">463,419</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(25,832</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">437,587</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Publishing</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">283,851</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">283,125</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Solutions</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">272,531</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(6,995</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">265,536</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1,019,801</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(33,553</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">986,248</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <div><br>
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    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:c7f128ed-15bd-46c9-99e1-223ca41473d0">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Intangible Assets</div>
    <div><br>
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    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Identifiable intangible assets, net consisted of the following:</font></div>
    <div><br>
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    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z0fb647cdee36476fb6d5905e11f95b64" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31, 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><u><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Intangible
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          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Content and Publishing Rights</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">401,341</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">436,760</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Customer Relationships</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">152,803</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">161,729</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Brands and Trademarks</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">14,340</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">16,100</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Covenants not to Compete</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">550</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">655</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">569,034</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">615,244</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><u><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Intangible
                    Assets with Indefinite Lives:</font></font></u></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Brands and Trademarks</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">130,460</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">138,589</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Content and Publishing Rights</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">88,135</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">94,238</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">218,595</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">232,827</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total Intangible Assets, Net</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">787,629</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">848,071</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:afdb9813-49af-4d06-82a7-166052bbd897">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In conjunction with a business review performed in the Publishing segment associated with the restructuring activities disclosed in Note 7, &#8220;Restructuring
      and Related Charges&#8221;, in the three months ended July 31, 2017, we identified an indefinite lived brand with forecasted cash flows that did not support its carrying value. As a result, an impairment charge of $3.6 million was recorded in the three
      months ended July 31, 2017 to reduce the carrying value of the brand to its fair value of $1.2 million, which is being amortized over its estimated remaining useful life. This impairment charge was included in Operating and Administrative Expenses in
      the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for fiscal year 2018.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:1237822e-dcb0-4e0b-9afc-d916038c7818">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><a name="Note11"><!--Anchor--></a>Note 11 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Income Taxes</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:e06b647e-1685-493f-84f5-21d4994274b6">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The effective tax rate for the three months ended October 31, 2018 was 22.3%, compared to 24.4% for the three months ended October 31, 2017. The effective
      tax rate for the six months ended October 31, 2018 was 22.5% compared to 19.0% in the prior year period. The rate for the three months ended October 31, 2018 was lower than the prior year&#8217;s rate for the same period primarily due to the reduced
      statutory tax rate in the U.S., as well as, to a smaller extent, a more favorable earnings mix. The rate for the six months ended October 31, 2017 benefitted from large equity compensation deductions from significant vesting of restricted stock and
      other one-time adjustments. Excluding those items, the rate would have been 24.4% for the six months ended October 31, 2017 compared to 22.5% in the six months ended October 31, 2018, primarily due to the reduced statutory tax rate in the U.S. and
      more favorable earnings mix during the current period.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">22</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:dbf544a3-9df8-47b4-b59d-4d25d29e5332">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">The Tax Act</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive Federal tax legislation originally known as the Tax Cuts
        and Jobs Act of 2017 (the "Tax Act").&#160; The Tax Act significantly revised the future ongoing U.S. corporate income tax system by, among other changes, the following:</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zf62f016e9ef2454c83d669db761a91b1" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;">&#183;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">lowering the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate to 21% with a potentially lower rate for certain foreign derived income,</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z781fb8b9de434a90b2d70c3187bbac27" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;">&#183;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">accelerating deductions for certain business assets,</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z2f90c4e39fa2447b89577ccdfb7e2c55" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;">&#183;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">changing the U.S. system from a worldwide tax system,</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zc1c25b65e18b46e7981c490797c650ff" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;">&#183;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">requiring companies to pay a one-time transition tax on post-1986 unrepatriated cumulative non-U.S. earnings and profits ("E&amp;P") of foreign subsidiaries,</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zf079ead5b1ee4c359e144cfb7be041b0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;">&#183;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">eliminating certain deductions such as the domestic production deduction,</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z45d358162b48478eb2b874b088ea4d7f" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;">&#183;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">establishing limitations on the deductibility of certain expenses including interest and executive compensation, and</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z919b6a42621d416d8b8ce7282c4c7097" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;">&#183;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">creating new taxes on certain foreign earnings.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In December 2017, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
        (&#8220;SAB 118&#8221;), which allows us to record provisional amounts related to the Tax Act during a measurement period not to extend beyond one year of the enactment date. In fiscal year 2018, we estimated a provisional estimated net tax benefit of $25.1
        million related to the Tax Act. We are still analyzing certain aspects of the Tax Act, including without limitation certain foreign tax credit related calculations and the state and local tax effect of deemed and actual repatriation as well as the
        new provisions mentioned below, and refining our calculations, including our estimates of expected reversals, which could affect the measurement of these balances and give rise to new deferred tax amounts. As the Tax Act was passed late in December
        2017 and ongoing guidance and accounting interpretation are expected over the 12 months following enactment, we consider the accounting for the transition tax and other items included last year, as well as items described below which were included
        in the six months ended October 31, 2018, to be provisional due to the forthcoming guidance and our ongoing analysis of final data and tax positions. We expect to complete our analysis within the measurement period in accordance with SAB 118.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The Tax Act created new taxes, effective for us on May 1, 2018, including a provision designed to tax certain global income ("GILTI"), a base
        erosion anti-abuse tax ("BEAT") as well as a new deduction for certain foreign derived intangible income (&#8220;FDII&#8221;). We recorded a minor provisional benefit during the six months ended October 31, 2018. We expect to adjust this provisional amount as
        additional guidance is provided.</font></div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:b823fe61-2df2-4660-b553-eb6d358fcd22">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> <br>
      </font></div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><a name="Note12"><!--Anchor--></a>Note 12 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Retirement Plans</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:2be69cef-6b4c-4105-a6cf-02c0a7a7f42d">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The components of net pension expense (income) for our global defined benefit plans were as follows:</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z806548e5038447aeba9ed4e8225f1283" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31,</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Six Months Ended</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31,</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Service cost</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">229</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">242</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">462</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">472</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Interest cost</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">6,169</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">6,346</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">12,381</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">12,598</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Expected return on plan assets</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(9,720</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(9,782</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(19,622</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(19,439</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Net amortization of prior service cost</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(24</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(23</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(48</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(48</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Unrecognized net actuarial loss</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">1,474</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1,534</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2,908</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">3,035</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Net pension income</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(1,872</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1,683</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(3,919</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(3,382</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:d398970e-29d1-41e0-961c-bd9883c55a52">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We adopted ASU 2017-07, &#8220;Compensation&#8212;Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic
      Postretirement Benefit Cost,&#8221; on May 1, 2018.&#160; Refer to Note 2, "Recent Accounting Standards," in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information. The guidance requires that the service cost component of net pension and
      postretirement benefit costs be reported in the same line item as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period. Such amounts are reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on our
      Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. The guidance requires that the other components of net benefit costs be reported separately from the service cost component and below operating income. Such amounts are reflected in Interest Income and
      Other on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. We were required to retrospectively adopt this guidance.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Employer defined benefit pension plan contributions were $3.5 million and $2.8 million for the three months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017,
        respectively, <font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">and $7.1 million and $5.6 million for the six months ended </font>October 31, 2018 and 2017<font style="background-color:
          #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, respectively.</font></font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The expense for employer defined contribution plans were approximately $2.8 million and $3.0 million for the three months ended October 31,
        2018 and 2017, respectively<font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, and $7.3 million and $7.9 million for the six months ended </font>October 31, 2018 and 2017<font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, respectively</font>.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:4742ca2b-5ed0-4b12-a854-637928d6c350">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 13<a name="Note13"><!--Anchor--></a> </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">From time-to-time, we enter into forward exchange and interest rate swap contracts as a hedge against foreign currency asset and liability
        commitments, changes in interest rates and anticipated transaction exposures, including intercompany purchases. All derivatives are recognized as assets or liabilities and measured at fair value on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
        Derivatives that are not determined to be effective hedges are adjusted to fair value with a corresponding adjustment to earnings. We do not use financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">23</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Interest Rate Contracts</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We had $537.3 million of variable rate loans outstanding at October 31, 2018, which approximated fair value.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As of October 31, 2018 and 2017 the interest rate swap agreements maintained by us were designated as cash flow hedges as defined under ASC
        815 &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging.&#8221; As a result, there was no impact on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps as they were fully offset by changes in the interest expense on the
        underlying variable rate debt instruments.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">On April 4, 2016, we entered into a forward starting interest rate swap agreement which fixed a portion of the variable interest due on a
        variable rate debt renewal on May 16, 2016. Under the terms of the agreement, we pay a fixed rate of 0.92% and receive a variable rate of interest based on one-month LIBOR from the counterparty which is reset every month for a three-year period
        ending May 15, 2019. As of October 31, 2018 and April 30, 2018, the notional amount of the interest rate swap was $350.0 million.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:a8907feb-09c8-4f5b-b621-335dddeacce1">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We record the fair value of our interest rate swaps on a recurring basis using Level 2 inputs of quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active
      markets. The fair value of the interest rate swaps as of October 31, 2018 and April 30, 2018 was a deferred gain of $3.3 million and $5.1 million, respectively. Based on the maturity dates of the contracts, the entire deferred gain as of October 31,
      2018 was recorded within Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets and as of April 30, 2018 was recorded within Other Non-Current Assets. The pre-tax gains that were reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Interest Expense for the
      three months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017 were $1.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively. <font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The pre-tax gains that were reclassified from
        Accumulated Other Compensation Loss into Interest Expense for the six&#160;months ended </font>October 31, 2018 and 2017<font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;were&#160;$2.0 million&#160;and&#160;$0.4
        million, respectively.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:8826977d-73c3-47c3-94e5-ed7b10428f35">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Foreign Currency Contracts</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We may enter into forward exchange contracts to manage our exposure on certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. The
        forward exchange contracts are marked to market through Foreign Exchange Transaction (Losses) Gains in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and carried at their fair value in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.
        Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities are remeasured at spot rates in effect on the balance sheet date, with the effects of changes in spot rates reported in Foreign Exchange Transaction (Losses) Gains.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As of October 31, 2018, and April 30, 2018, we did not maintain any open forward exchange contracts. In addition, we did not maintain any
        open forward contracts during the six months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:66f3a8c4-168a-4095-8ba5-a4c931a88043">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><a name="Note14"><!--Anchor--></a>Note 14 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Commitments and Contingencies</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We are involved in routine litigation in the ordinary course of our business. A provision for litigation is accrued when information
        available to us indicates that it is probable a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgment may be required to determine both the probability and estimates of loss. When the amount of the
        loss can only be estimated within a range, the most likely outcome within that range is accrued. If no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, the minimum amount within the range is accrued. When uncertainties exist
        related to the probable outcome of litigation and/or the amount or range of loss, we do not record a liability, but disclose facts related to the nature of the contingency and possible losses if management considers the information to be material.
        Reserves for legal defense costs are recognized when incurred. The accruals for loss contingencies and legal costs are reviewed regularly and may be adjusted to reflect updated information on the status of litigation and advice of legal counsel. In
        the opinion of management, the ultimate resolution of all pending litigation as of October 31, 2018, will not have a material effect upon our Condensed Consolidated Financial Condition or Results of Operations.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:c3748c46-d535-467f-8155-e5718951ebfd">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a name="Note15"><!--Anchor--></a>Note 15 &#8211; Subsequent Event</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">On November 1, 2018, we completed the acquisition of The Learning House, Inc. (&#8220;Learning House&#8221;) a diversified education services provider
        for $200 million in cash. Headquartered in Louisville, KY, Learning House provides online program management (OPM) services including graduate and undergraduate programs; short courses, boot camps, and other skills training and credentialing for
        students and professionals; pathway services for international students<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">; </font>professional development services for teachers; and learning solutions
        for corporate clients.&#160; The results of operations of Learning House will be included in our Solutions segment.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">24</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:d7b4c0a9-5352-41c7-9989-18f23c4a7305">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a name="ITEM2"><!--Anchor--></a>ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT&#8217;S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The information in our Management&#8217;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (&#8220;MD&amp;A&#8221;) should be read
        together with our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes set forth in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our MD&amp;A set forth in Item 7 of Part II of our 2018 Form 10-K and our Consolidated Financial
        Statements and related notes set forth in Item 8 of Part II of our 2018 Form 10-K. See Part II, Item 1A, &#8220;Risk Factors,&#8221; below and &#8220;Cautionary Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements &#8220;Safe Harbor&#8221; Statement under the Private Securities
        Litigation Reform Act of 1995,&#8221; above, and the information referenced therein, for a description of risks that we face and important factors that we believe could cause actual results to differ materially from those in our forward-looking
        statements. All amounts and percentages are approximate due to rounding and all dollars are in thousands, except per share amounts or where otherwise noted. When we cross-reference to a &#8220;Note,&#8221; we are referring to our &#8220;Notes to Unaudited Condensed
        Consolidated Financial Statements,&#8221; unless the context indicates otherwise.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:58428f05-0fea-4232-a179-581bc3fff745">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">RESULTS OF OPERATIONS &#8211; THREE MONTHS ENDED OCTOBER 31, 2018</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>CONSOLIDATED OPERATING RESULTS</u></font></font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Revenue for the three months ended October 31, 2018 decreased $3.1 million or 1% as compared with prior year.&#160; On a constant currency basis,
        revenue increased $5.6 million, or 1%, mainly driven by increases in Research segment, driven by Open Access and Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) offerings, as well as higher revenue in our Solutions segment, primarily from our Corporate
        Learning and Professional Assessment businesses. These increases were partially offset by declines in Education Publishing and STM and Professional Publishing in our Publishing segment.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">See the &#8220;Segment Operating Results&#8221; below for additional details on each segment&#8217;s revenue and contribution to profit performance.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Cost of Sales:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Cost of sales for the three months ended October 31, 2018 approximated that of the prior year. On a constant currency basis, cost of sales
        increased $2.3 million, or 2%. The constant currency increase was primarily a result of higher revenue, higher royalty and employment related costs. These factors were partially offset by lower inventory costs.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Gross Profit Margin:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Gross profit margin was 73.2% and 73.5% for the three months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. On a constant currency basis,
        gross profit margin remained the same.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Operating and Administrative Expenses:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Operating and administrative expenses for the three months ended October 31, 2018 increased $7.3 million, or 3% to $248.6 million as compared
        with prior year. On a constant currency basis, operating and administrative expenses increased $10.1 million, or 4%. The increase was primarily due to higher costs related to investments in growth initiatives, including resources in editorial,
        sales, advertising and marketing of $8.2 million, as well as, costs associated with strategic planning of $2.0 million.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Restructuring and Related Charges (Credits):</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Beginning in fiscal year 2013, we initiated the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program to restructure and realign our cost base with current
        and anticipated future market conditions. We are targeting most of the cost savings achieved to improve margins and earnings, with the remainder reinvested in growth opportunities.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">25</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">For the three months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017, we recorded pre-tax restructuring charges (credits) of $10.0 million and $(1.4)
        million, respectively, related to this program. These charges (credits) are reflected in Restructuring and Related Charges (Credits) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and summarized in the following table:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z799c7198d6aa4d45bd1785c6c370e871" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended October 31,</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Total Charges</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Incurred to Date</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Charges (Credits) by Segment:</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Research</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2,282</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(388</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">26,715</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Publishing</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">1,407</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">71</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">39,670</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Solutions</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">1,097</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(625</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">7,087</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Corporate Expenses</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">5,210</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(464</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">96,948</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total Restructuring and Related Charges (Credits)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">9,996</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1,406</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">170,420</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Charges (Credits) by Activity:</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Severance</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">8,672</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1,455</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">117,697</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Process Reengineering Consulting</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">90</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">-</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">20,854</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other Activities</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">1,234</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">49</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">31,869</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total Restructuring and Related Charges (Credits)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">9,996</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1,406</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">170,420</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other Activities for the three months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017 include lease impairment related costs.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The additional restructuring actions taken in the three months ended October 31, 2018 are expected to yield approximately $15.0 million in
        run rate savings commencing in the second half of fiscal 2020. We currently do not anticipate any further material charges related to the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Amortization of Intangibles:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amortization of intangibles was $12.4 million for the three months ended October 31, 2018, an increase of $1.2 million or 11% as compared
        with prior year and on a constant currency basis. The increase in amortization was in the Research segment primarily due to the timing of the acquisitions of publishing rights in the second half of 2018.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Operating Income:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Operating income declined 29% to $57.5 million due to the timing of restructuring charges and credits, as well as higher operating expenses
        and the unfavorable impact of foreign exchange.&#160; Excluding restructuring charges and credits, our Adjusted Operating Income at constant currency decreased 10% due primarily to higher operating and administrative expenses.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Interest Expense:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Interest expense for the three months ended October 31, 2018 was $3.6 million, an increase of 4% as compared with prior year of $3.5 million.
        Interest expense increased 5% on a constant currency basis. This increase was due to a higher weighted average effective borrowing rate, partially offset by lower average debt balances outstanding.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Foreign Exchange Transaction Losses:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Foreign exchange transaction losses were less than $0.1 million for the three months ended October 31, 2018 and less than $0.5 million for
        the three months ended October 31, 2017.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Provision for Income Taxes:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The effective tax rate for the three months ended October 31, 2018 was 22.3%, compared to 24.4% for the three months ended October 31, 2017.
        The decrease was primarily due to the reduced statutory tax rate in the U.S. as a result of The Tax Act, as well as, to a smaller extent, a more favorable earnings mix.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">The Tax Act</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The information set forth in Note 11, "Income Taxes&#8221; of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements under the caption "The Tax
        Act," is incorporated herein by reference and further describes the impact of the Tax Act.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">26</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Diluted Earnings per Share (&#8220;EPS&#8221;):</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">EPS for the three months ended October 31, 2018 was $0.76 per share compared with $1.04 per share in the prior year. Excluding the impact of
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
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          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> 2018</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">GAAP EPS</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">0.76</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1.04</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><u><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Adjustments:</font></font></u></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Restructuring charges (credits)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">0.13</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(0.02</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Foreign exchange losses on intercompany transactions</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">&#8212;</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">0.01</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Non-GAAP Adjusted EPS</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">0.89</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1.03</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>SEGMENT OPERATING RESULTS</u></font></font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z10225f634b7d421f8ed9b7e8ff557b9f" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended October 31,</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">% Change</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">RESEARCH:</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017 (a)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">% Change</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">w/o FX (b)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Journal Subscriptions</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">163,751</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">170,163</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(4</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Open Access</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">13,780</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">9,350</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">47</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">50</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles, and Other</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">41,749</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">41,329</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total Journal Revenue</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">219,280</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">220,842</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Publishing Technology Services (Atypon)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">9,365</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">8,028</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">17</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">17</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Total Research Revenue</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">228,645</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">228,870</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">3</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Cost of Sales</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">63,105</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">60,917</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">4</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">6</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Gross Profit</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Gross Profit Margin</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">72.4</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">73.4</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Operating Expenses</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(97,384</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(92,344</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">5</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">7</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amortization of Intangibles</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(6,967</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(5,851</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">19</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">20</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Restructuring (Charges) Credits (See Note 7)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(2,282</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">388</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">#</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">#</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">58,907</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">70,146</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(16</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(7</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Contribution Margin</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">25.8</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">30.6</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z8b90526a51474a44b50bb13f84f6c118" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(a)</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Due to the retrospective adoption of ASU 2017-07, total net benefits related to defined benefit and other post-employment benefit plans were reclassified from
                    Operating and Administrative Expenses to Interest and Other Income. The amount for the three months ended October 31, 2017 for the Research segment was $1.0 million. Refer to Note 2, "Recent Accounting Standards," for more information.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z2a13c5bb06f749b2b7afff30b088b216" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(b)</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Adjusted to exclude FX impact and Restructuring (Charges) Credits.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 18pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"># Not meaningful</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Research revenue was flat as compared with prior year and increased 3% on a constant currency basis, primarily due to continued strong growth
        in publication volumes for Open Access, particularly hybrid journals, and, to a lesser extent, an increase in Publishing Technology Services (Atypon).</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">27</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Gross Profit:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Gross profit for the three months ended October 31, 2018 decreased 1% to $165.5 million. Excluding the unfavorable impact of foreign
        exchange, gross profit increased 2%. This increase was driven by higher revenues partially offset by an increase in royalty costs. Gross profit margin was 72.4% compared with prior year of 73.4%. On a constant currency basis, gross profit margin
        decreased to 71.6% compared with prior year.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Contribution to profit decreased 16% to $58.9 million for the three months ended October 31, 2018 as compared with the prior year. On a
        constant currency basis and excluding restructuring (charges) credits, contribution to profit decreased 7% compared with prior year. This decrease was due to higher operating costs, which reflected investments in additional resources in editorial
        to support increased journal publishing of $3.8 million. These factors were partially offset by the increase in gross profit on a constant currency basis.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Society Partnerships:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">For the three months ended October 31, 2018:</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z5bb5e387f7354a31a0bcb50282c6b9cf" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 17.9pt; text-align: left;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman;">&#160;&#160; &#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: 17.85pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><br>
              </td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,Times,serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;">2</font> new society journals were signed with combined annual revenue
                    of $1.8 million,</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z1cc44c10939b4592aa5a16e50000a02e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 35.75pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman">&#160;&#160; &#9679;</font></td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;">6 </font>society journals were renewed with a combined annual revenue of $1.3
                  million,</font></div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z85441e8aace4412fbccfd3955f663cd6" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 17.9pt;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman">&#160;&#160; &#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: 17.85pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><br>
              </td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">4 society journals were not renewed with $0.4 million in combined annual revenue.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zb492dfd00f514e49ab9796ffa0110e4b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended October 31,</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">% Change</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">PUBLISHING:</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017 (a)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">% Change</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">w/o FX (b)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">STM and Professional Publishing</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">66,902</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">71,460</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(6</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(5</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Education Publishing</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">52,068</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">57,711</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(10</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Course Workflow (WileyPLUS)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">16,310</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">13</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">14</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Test Preparation and Certification</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">6</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">7</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">11,723</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">11,585</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Total Publishing Revenue</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">157,499</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">164,985</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(5</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(3</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Cost of Sales</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">45,438</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">49,956</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(9</font></div>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(8</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Gross Profit</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(3</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Gross Profit Margin</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">71.2</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Operating Expenses</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(69,157</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(71,195</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(3</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amortization of Intangibles</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(2,042</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1,850</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">10</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">10</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Restructuring Charges (see Note 7)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(1,407</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(71</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">#</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">#</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">39,455</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">41,913</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(6</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(2</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Contribution Margin</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">25.1</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">25.4</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="za51bf2173e4b4ffeb560646e0142d567" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(a)</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Due to the retrospective adoption of ASU 2017-07, total net benefits related to defined benefit and other post-employment benefit plans were reclassified from
                    Operating and Administrative Expenses to Interest and Other Income. The amount for the three months ended October 31, 2017 for the Publishing segment was $0.6 million. Refer to Note 2, "Recent Accounting Standards," for more
                    information.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.75pt; margin-left: 17.75pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(b) Adjusted to exclude FX impact and Restructuring Charges.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"># Not meaningful</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 18pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Publishing revenue decreased 5% to $157.5 million on a reported basis and decreased 3% on a constant currency basis as compared with prior
        year. This decrease was primarily due to a decline in<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;">&#160;</font>Education Publishing due to a continued shift in market demand for print and, to a lesser extent, a decline in STM and Professional
        Publishing. These declines were partially offset by an increase in Course Workflow (WileyPlus) mainly due to timing of revenue recognition associated with multi-semester offerings, which are recognized in periods extending across two semesters.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">28</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Gross Profit:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Gross profit decreased 3% as compared with prior year, and 1% on a constant currency basis, due to the decline in Education Publishing and
        STM and Professional Publishing revenue, partially offset by lower inventory and other costs.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Contribution to profit decreased 6% to $39.5 million for the three months ended October 31, 2018 as compared with the prior year.&#160; On a
        constant currency basis and excluding restructuring charges, contribution to profit decreased 2% as compared with the prior year. This decrease was primarily due to lower gross profit.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="ze1974ea10e7e43f3835c347b741c6b44" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended October 31,</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">% Change</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">SOLUTIONS:</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">% Change</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">w/o FX (a)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Education Services (OPM)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">29,877</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">29,737</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Professional Assessment</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">17,268</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">15,821</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">9</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">9</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Corporate Learning</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">15,333</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">12,318</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">24</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">28</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Total Solutions Revenue</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">57,876</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">8</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">9</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Cost of Sales</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">11,623</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">8,992</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">29</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">31</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Gross Profit</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">50,855</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">48,884</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">4</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">5</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Gross Profit Margin</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">81.4</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">84.5</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Operating Expenses</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(39,351</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(38,718</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">3</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amortization of Intangibles</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(3,358</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(3,482</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(4</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(3</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Restructuring (Charges) Credits (see Note 7)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(1,097</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">625</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">#</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">#</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">7,049</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">7,309</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(4</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">22</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Contribution Margin</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">11.3</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">12.6</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z7f4c54f0c1c245699d61980de6023029" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(a)</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Adjusted to exclude FX impact and Restructuring (Charges) Credits.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"># Not meaningful</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Solutions revenue increased 8% to
          $62.5 million, or 9% on a constant currency basis, as compared with prior year. The increase was mainly driven by higher revenue in Corporate Learning, and to a lesser extent, in Professional Assessment. Education Services (OPM) revenue was
          impacted by the termination of certain underperforming partnerships as part of previously announced partner portfolio optimization.</font></font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Gross Profit:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Gross profit increased 4% to $50.9
          million, or 5% on a constant currency basis, as compared with prior year. The increase primarily reflected the impact of higher revenues and efficiency gains.</font></font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Contribution to profit decreased 4%
          to $7.0 million for the three months ended October 31, 2018 as compared with the prior year.&#160; </font>On a constant currency basis and excluding restructuring (charges) credits, contribution to profit increased 22% as compared with prior year due
        to higher gross profit, partially offset by higher content development and sales related costs in support of Education Services (OPM) enrollment growth.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">29</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Education Services (OPM) Partners and Programs:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As of October 31, 2018, Wiley had 36
          university partners and 247 programs under contract, As of October 31, 2017, the Company had 39 university partners and 254 programs under contract.</font></font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">CORPORATE EXPENSES:</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Corporate expenses for the three
          months ended October 31, 2018 increased 24% to $47.9 million as compared with prior year. On a constant currency basis and excluding restructuring charges (credits), these expenses increased 10%. This increase was primarily due to higher costs
          associated with strategic planning of $2.0 million.</font></font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:5d64a1fc-3db4-4e8f-a934-283a8392c0c8">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">RESULTS OF OPERATIONS &#8211; SIX MONTHS ENDED OCTOBER 31, 2018</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>CONSOLIDATED OPERATING RESULTS</u></font></font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Revenue for the six months ended October 31, 2018 was consistent with the prior year on a reported and on a constant currency basis. This was
        mainly driven by increases in Open Access revenues in our Research business and increases in each of our Solutions businesses. These increases were offset by declines in our print revenues in our Publishing segment and lower Journal Subscription
        revenues.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">See the &#8220;Segment Operating Results&#8221; below for additional details on each segment&#8217;s revenue and contribution to profit performance.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Cost of Sales:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Cost of sales for the six months ended October 31, 2018 approximated that of the prior year and on a constant currency basis. Cost of sales
        increased due to higher royalty and employment related costs, offset by lower inventory costs.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Gross Profit Margin:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Gross profit margin for the six months ended October 31, 2018 was 72.7% compared with 72.8% in the prior year. On a constant currency basis,
        it remained the same at 72.7%.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Operating and Administrative Expenses:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Operating and administrative expenses for the six months ended October 31, 2018 increased $15.4 million, or 3.2% as compared with prior year
        and 3.3% on a constant currency basis. The increase was primarily due to higher costs related to increased resources in marketing, advertising and editorial management of $10.5 million, higher technology costs of $3.0 million due to the timing of
        spending, and higher costs associated with strategic planning of $2.4 million. These factors were partially offset by an impairment charge in the prior year related to one of our Publishing brands of $3.6 million.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Restructuring and Related Charges (Credits):</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">For the six months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017, we recorded pre-tax restructuring charges of $3.9 million and $24.3 million,
        respectively, related to the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program. The restructuring and related charges in the six months ended October 31, 2018 include credits in severance activities recorded in the three months ended July 31, 2018, primarily
        reflecting changes in the number of headcount reductions and estimates for previously accrued benefit costs.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">30</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">These charges are reflected in Restructuring and Related Charges (Credits) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and summarized
        in the following table:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zcbf4086d163448599e96082d9478fea9" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Six Months Ended October 31,</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Total Charges</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Incurred to Date</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Charges by Segment:</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Research</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">1,302</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">4,448</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">26,715</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Publishing</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">739</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">7,325</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">39,670</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Solutions</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">840</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2,170</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">7,087</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Corporate Expenses</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">1,029</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">10,380</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">96,948</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total Restructuring and Related Charges</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">3,910</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">24,323</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">170,420</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Charges (Credits) by Activity:</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Severance</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2,894</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">23,266</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">117,697</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Process Reengineering Consulting</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">225</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1,521</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">20,854</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other Activities</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">791</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(464</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">31,869</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total Restructuring and Related Charges (Credits)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">3,910</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">24,323</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">170,420</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other Activities for the six months ended October 31, 2018 include lease impairment related costs. The credits in Other Activities for the
        six months ended October 31, 2017 mainly reflect changes in estimates for previously accrued restructuring charges related to facility lease reserves. We currently do not anticipate any further material charges related to the Restructuring and
        Reinvestment Program.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Amortization of Intangibles:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amortization of intangibles was $25.1 million for the six months ended October 31, 2018, an increase of $1.2 million as compared with prior
        year. On a constant currency basis, amortization of intangibles increased 5%. The increase in amortization was in the Research segment primarily due to the timing of the acquisitions of publishing rights in the second half of 2018.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Operating Income:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Operating income of $93.6 million was flat as compared with prior year as the impact from the timing of restructuring charges and credits
        offset higher operating expenses and the unfavorable impact of foreign exchange. Excluding restructuring charges and credits, our Adjusted Operating Income at constant currency decreased 16% due to higher operating and administrative expenses.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Interest Expense:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Interest expense for the six months ended October 31, 2018 decreased $0.3 million to $6.4 million on a reported and on a constant currency
        basis. This decrease was due to lower average debt balances outstanding, partially offset by a higher weighted average effective borrowing rate.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Foreign Exchange Transaction Losses:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Foreign exchange transaction losses were $1.8 million for the six months ended October 31, 2018 and were primarily due to the net impact of
        the change in average foreign exchange rates as compared to the U.S. dollar on our intercompany and third-party receivable and payable balances. For the six months ended October 31, 2017, foreign exchange transaction losses were $5.6 million which
        were primarily related to the impact of changes in foreign exchange rates on foreign denominated intercompany loans.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Provision for Income Taxes:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The effective tax rate for the six months ended October 31, 2018 was 22.5%, compared to 19.0% for the six months ended October 31, 2017. The
        rate for the six months ended October 31, 2017 benefitted from large equity compensation deductions from significant vesting of restricted stock and other one-time adjustments. Excluding those items, the rate would have been 24.4% compared to 22.5%
        for the six months ended October 31, 2018, primarily due to the reduced statutory tax rate in the U.S. and more favorable earnings mix during the current period.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">31</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Diluted Earnings per Share (&#8220;EPS&#8221;):</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">EPS for the six months ended October 31, 2018 was $1.21 per share compared with $1.20 per share in the prior year.&#160; Excluding the impact of
        the items included in the table below, Adjusted EPS for the six months ended October 31, 2018 decreased 19% to $1.31 per share compared with $1.62 per share in the prior year. On a constant currency basis, Adjusted EPS decreased 17% primarily due
        to lower Adjusted Operating Income.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z0dca500681254a62a536e7520c5357c2" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Six Months Ended October 31,</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">GAAP EPS</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">1.21</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1.20</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><u><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Adjustments:</font></font></u></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Restructuring charges</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">0.05</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">0.33</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Foreign exchange losses on intercompany transactions</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">0.05</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">0.09</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1.62</font></div>
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    <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>SEGMENT OPERATING RESULTS</u></font></font></div>
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    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z84780af99f2c4862aa233552328054ab" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Six Months Ended October 31,</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">% Change</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Journal Subscriptions</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">338,488</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Open Access</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">24,723</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">18,153</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">36</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">36</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          </td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles, and Other</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">81,237</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">79,559</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total Journal Revenue</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">435,669</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">436,200</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          </td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Publishing Technology Services (Atypon)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">17,968</font></div>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">10</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">10</font></div>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Total Research Revenue</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">453,637</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">452,497</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Cost of Sales</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">124,573</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">120,406</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">3</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">4</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Gross Profit</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">329,064</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">332,091</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Gross Profit Margin</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">72.5</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">73.4</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amortization of Intangibles</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Restructuring Charges (See Note 7)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">116,033</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">130,608</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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        <tr>
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            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Contribution Margin</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">28.9</font></div>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

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    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
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              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(a)</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Due to the retrospective adoption of ASU 2017-07, total net benefits related to defined benefit and other post-employment benefit plans were reclassified from
                    Operating and Administrative Expenses to Interest and Other Income. The amount for the six months ended October 31, 2017 for the Research segment was $2.0 million. Refer to Note 2, "Recent Accounting Standards," in the Notes to
                    Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
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            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(b)</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Adjusted to exclude FX impact and Restructuring Charges.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

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      </div>
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    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Research revenue was flat on a reported basis and increased 1% on a constant currency basis as compared with prior year, primarily due to the
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    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
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              <td style="width: 17.9pt;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman">&#160;&#160; &#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: 17.85pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><br>
              </td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">continued strong growth in publication volumes for Open Access, particularly hybrid journals,</font></div>
              </td>
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      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
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            <tr>
              <td style="width: 17.9pt;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman">&#160;&#160; &#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: 17.85pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><br>
              </td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">an increase in revenue from Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other due to the timing of when revenue is recognized as a result of the adoption of Topic 606
                    beginning in fiscal year 2019, and</font></div>
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        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zea1ce93399a84ccca9e250d6e8e0a50e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 35.9pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman">&#160;&#160; &#9679;</font></td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">an increase in Publishing Technology Services (Atypon).</font></div>
            </td>
          </tr>

      </table>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">These factors were partially offset by a decrease in Journal Subscriptions&#8217; revenue due to the timing of publications.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">32</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Gross Profit:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Gross profit for the six months ended October 31, 2018 decreased 1% to $329.1 million and, excluding the unfavorable impact of foreign
        exchange, was flat. This was due to higher revenues, offset by higher costs of sales, primarily due to increased royalty costs. Gross profit margin was 72.5% compared with prior year of 73.4%. On a constant currency basis, gross profit margin
        decreased to 71.8% compared with prior year.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Contribution to profit decreased 11% to $116.0 million for the six months ended October 31, 2018 as compared with the prior year. On a
        constant currency basis and excluding restructuring charges, contribution to profit decreased 10% compared with prior year. This decrease was due to higher operating costs including additional resources in editorial to support increased journal
        publishing of $6.2 million and increased costs related to sales resources of $1.1 million.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Society Partnerships:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">For the six months ended October 31, 2018:</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="za77f239f14384cb4adfd61294c56c9d0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 17.9pt;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman">&#160;&#160; &#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: 17.85pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><br>
              </td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;">9</font> new society journals were signed with combined annual revenue of $3.7 million,</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z273e359535f941a094617c92dacddf3a" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 17.9pt;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman">&#160;&#160; &#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: 17.85pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><br>
              </td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;">22</font> renewals/extensions were signed with $9.2 million in combined annual revenue,</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z83016ec9bc6d4e20b4d882a125f16d84" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 17.9pt;"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman">&#160;&#160; &#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: 17.85pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><br>
              </td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;">T</font>here were four journal contracts that were not renewed with combined annual revenue of $0.4
                    million.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z9d75a1d1556645cba926c0c970c0a28e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Six Months Ended October 31,</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">% Change</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">PUBLISHING:</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017 (a)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">% Change</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">w/o FX (b)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">STM and Professional Publishing</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">132,966</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">135,060</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(2</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Education Publishing</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">90,299</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">103,447</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(13</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(12</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Course Workflow (WileyPLUS)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">19,207</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">17,520</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">10</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">11</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Test Preparation and Certification</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">19,783</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">19,409</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">3</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">20,165</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">20,827</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(3</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(3</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Total Publishing Revenue</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">282,420</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">296,263</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(5</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(4</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Cost of Sales</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">86,676</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">94,333</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(8</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(8</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Gross Profit</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">195,744</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">201,930</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(3</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(3</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Gross Profit Margin</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">69.3</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">68.2</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Operating Expenses</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(2</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amortization of Intangibles</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(4,062</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">5</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">5</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Restructuring Charges (see Note 7)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(739</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(7,325</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(90</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(90</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
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        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Publishing brand impairment charge</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">&#8212;</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(3,600</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(100</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(100</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">53,175</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">46,383</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">15</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(6</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Contribution Margin</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">18.8</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">15.7</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zec25d18ebdfa47dc8903a4f0ac8d7600" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(a)</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Due to the retrospective adoption of ASU 2017-07, total net benefits related to defined benefit and other post-employment benefit plans were reclassified from
                    Operating and Administrative Expenses to Interest and Other Income. The amount for the six months ended October 31, 2017 for the Publishing segment was $1.1 million. Refer to Note 2, "Recent Accounting Standards," in the Notes to
                    Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.75pt; margin-left: 17.75pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(b) Adjusted to exclude FX impact and Restructuring Charges.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 18pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Publishing revenue decreased 5% to $282.4 million on a reported basis and 4% on a constant currency basis as compared with prior year. The
        decrease was primarily due to a decline in Education Publishing due to a continued shift in market demand for print, and to a lesser extent, a decrease in STM and Professional Publishing. These declines were partially offset by an increase in
        Course Workflow (WileyPlus) mainly due to timing of revenue recognition associated with multi-semester offerings, which are recognized in periods extending across two semesters.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">33</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Gross Profit:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Gross profit decreased 3% as compared with prior year and on a constant currency basis, due to the decline in Education Publishing and STM
        and Professional Publishing revenue; partially offset by a decrease in inventory costs.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Contribution to profit increased 15% to $53.2 million for the six months ended October 31, 2018 as compared with the prior year. On a
        constant currency basis and excluding restructuring charges and a brand impairment charge in the prior year, contribution to profit decreased 6% as compared with the prior year. This decrease was primarily due to lower gross profit, partially
        offset by, lower operating expenses.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z79881a6e284340a88381d278b33bb9f6" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Six Months Ended October 31,</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">% Change</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">SOLUTIONS:</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">% Change</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">w/o FX (a)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Education Services (OPM)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">59,037</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">56,074</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">5</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">5</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Professional Assessment</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">33,067</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">30,708</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">8</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">8</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Corporate Learning</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">31,362</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">27,633</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">13</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">13</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Total Solutions Revenue</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">123,466</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">114,415</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">8</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Cost of Sales</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">17</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">17</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Gross Profit</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">6</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">6</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Gross Profit Margin</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">81.1</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Operating Expenses</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(82,318</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(80,070</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">3</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">3</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
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          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amortization of Intangibles</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(6,732</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(6,920</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(3</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(3</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Restructuring Charges (see Note 7)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(840</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(2,170</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(61</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(61</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">10,273</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">5,341</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">92</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">47</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Contribution Margin</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">8.3</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">4.7</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">%</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z60c353cd72d8432f8971ed3236903930" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(a)</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Adjusted to exclude FX impact and Restructuring Charges.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Solutions revenue increased 8% to $123.5 million, and on a constant currency basis, as compared with prior year.<font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> The increase was mainly driven by higher revenue in Corporate Learning, and to a lesser extent, higher revenue in Education Services (OPM) and
          Professional Assessment.</font></font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Gross Profit:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Gross profit increased 6% to $100.2
          million, and on a constant currency basis, as compared with prior year. The increase primarily reflected the impact of higher revenues, partially offset by higher costs of sales due to higher amortization expense and employment related costs.</font></font></div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> </font><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Contribution to profit increased to
          92% to $10.3 million </font>for the six months ended October 31, 2018 <font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">compared with $5.3 million in the prior year period.&#160; On a constant
          currency basis and excluding restructuring charges, contribution to profit increased 47% mainly due to the improvement in gross profit, partially offset by higher operating expenses. Operating expenses increased due to higher content and
          advertising and marketing expenses to support sales and enrollment growth in Education Services (OPM); and to a lesser extent, higher technology costs.</font></font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">34</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">CORPORATE EXPENSES:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Corporate expenses </font>for the
        six months ended October 31, 2018 <font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">decreased 3% to $85.9 million as compared with prior year. On a constant currency basis and excluding
          restructuring charges, these expenses increased 8%. This increase was primarily due to higher costs associated with strategic planning of $2.4 million and a share-based compensation benefit in the prior year.</font></font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:944980dd-c9ea-40c6-b83c-5d65f4fd4af9">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">FISCAL YEAR 2019 OUTLOOK:</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The Company reaffirmed its fiscal 2019 guidance.&#160; Fiscal 2019 guidance excludes the results of the acquisition of Learning House, which closed
        on November 1, 2018.&#160; For fiscal 2019, we anticipate Learning House to contribute approximately $30 million in revenue and be dilutive to EPS by approximately $0.10.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zd0f1db08e3674aa18f42546eb3b1c5b9" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Metric (amounts in millions, except EPS)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Fiscal Year 2018 Actual</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Fiscal Year 2019 Expectation Constant Currency</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 44%; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Revenue</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1,796.1</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 44%; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Even with prior year</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 44%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Adjusted EPS</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">3.43</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 44%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Mid-single digit decline</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 44%; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Cash Provided by Operating Activities</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">381.8</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 44%; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">High-single digit decline</font></div>
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        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 44%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Capital Expenditures</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">150.7</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 44%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Lower</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zb060bd771812419893e2f4f47e878d43" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Wiley anticipates low-single digit revenue growth in Research and Solutions offset by a low-single digit revenue decline in Publishing.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z5356168f1b024933a63f22f0ab12598b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Adjusted EPS is expected to decline primarily due to increased investment in growth initiatives, including publishing more in Research and driving enrollment
                    growth in Education Services.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z0889f0b822c74283ba01bbb08bc06a26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Cash Provided by Operating Activities reflects the impact of growth investments and substantially lower gains in working capital. In addition, the adoption of
                    Topic 606 will result in the reclassification of certain spending for costs to fulfill of approximately $10 million from Capital Expenditures to Cash Provided by Operating Activities.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z9c5681cf202f4844b9782f07e2e466df" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Capital Expenditures are expected to be lower by $30 million primarily due to the completion of the Company&#8217;s headquarters transformation.<font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;</font>In addition, the adoption of Topic 606 will result in the reclassification of certain spending for costs to fulfill of
                    approximately $10 million from Capital Expenditures to Cash Provided by Operating Activities.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z1d177593f87a4029b8209110f8c8fb7a" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Non-GAAP effective tax rate for the year is expected to be approximately 23-24%.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Principal Sources of Liquidity</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We believe that our operating cash flow, together with our revolving credit facilities and other available debt financing, will be adequate
        to meet our operating, investing and financing needs in the foreseeable future, although there can be no assurance that continued or increased volatility in the global capital and credit markets will not impair our ability to access these markets
        on terms commercially acceptable. We do not have any off-balance-sheet debt.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As of October 31, 2018, we had cash and cash equivalents of $115.6 million, of which approximately $93.9 million, or 81%, was located outside
        the U.S. Maintenance of these cash and cash equivalent balances outside the U.S. does not have a material impact on the liquidity or capital resources of our operations. Notwithstanding the Tax Act which generally eliminated federal income tax on
        future cash repatriation to the U.S., cash repatriation may be subject to state and local taxes or withholding or similar taxes. We no longer intend to permanently reinvest cash outside the U.S. and include in our accrued liabilities our estimated
        cost of $2 million to repatriate our non-U.S. earnings.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As of October 31, 2018, we had approximately $537.3 million of debt outstanding and approximately $565.5 million of unused borrowing capacity
        under our Revolving Credit and other facilities. Our credit agreement contains certain restrictive covenants related to our consolidated leverage ratio and interest coverage ratio, which we were in compliance with as of October 31, 2018.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">Analysis of Historical Cash Flow</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The following table shows the changes in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the six months ended October 31, 2018 and
        2017.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zbf2a9e28edf2470fbc66a1be6f1bf90a" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Six Months Ended October 31,</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Net Cash Used in Operating Activities</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(121,097</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(45,812</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Net Cash Used in Investing Activities</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(45,170</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(77,493</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">120,465</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">135,351</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Effect of Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Changes on Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(8,368</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2,855</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">35</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Free Cash Flow less Product Development Spending helps assess our ability, over the long term, to create value for our shareholders, as it
        represents cash available to repay debt, pay common dividends, and fund share repurchases and new acquisitions. Below are the details of Free Cash Flow less Product Development Spending for the six months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Cash flow from operations is seasonally a use of cash in the first half of Wiley&#8217;s fiscal year principally due to the timing of collections
        for annual journal subscriptions, which occurs in the beginning of the second half of our fiscal year.</font></div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zdf039c750af742e681b2a3f58f8ce513" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Six Months Ended October 31,</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Net Cash Used in Operating Activities</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(121,097</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(45,812</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Less: Additions to Technology, Property and Equipment</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(34,560</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(53,469</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Less: Product Development Spending</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(7,815</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(17,927</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Free Cash Flow less Product Development Spending</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(163,472</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(117,208</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Net Cash Used in Operating Activities for the six months ended October 31, 2018 increased $75.3 million compared to the six months ended
        October 31, 2017 to $121.1 million primarily due to the timing of working capital items, including <font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">a delay in billings and subsequent cash collections for calendar year
          2019 subscriptions and, to a lesser extent, higher payments for expenses.</font></font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Our negative working capital was $121.2 million and $394.3 million as of October 31, 2018 and April 30, 2018, respectively, due to the
        seasonality of our businesses. The primary driver of the negative working capital is unearned contract liabilities (deferred revenue) related to subscriptions for which cash has been collected in advance. Cash received in advance for subscriptions
        is used by us for a number of purposes including acquisitions, debt repayments, funding operations, dividend payments and purchasing treasury shares.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The contract liabilities (deferred revenue) will be recognized as income when the products are shipped or made available online to the
        customers over the term of the subscription. Current liabilities as of October 31, 2018 and as of April 30, 2018 includes $237.2 million and $486.4 million, respectively, primarily related to deferred subscription revenue for which cash was
        collected in advance.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Net Cash Used in Investing Activities for the six months ended October 31, 2018 was $45.2 million compared to $77.5 million in the prior
        year. The decrease was primarily due to a $18.9 million decrease in spending for technology, property and equipment in the six months ended October 31, 2018 as a result of the May 2018 implementation of our enterprise resource planning system
        (&#8220;ERP&#8221;) order to cash release for journal subscriptions and the completion of our headquarters renovations. In addition, a $10.1 million decrease in product development spending was due to the adoption of Topic 606 whereby certain costs to fulfill
        contracts, which were previously included in product development spending are now included in cash flow used in operating activities.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Projected capital spending for Technology, Property and Equipment and Product Development Spending for fiscal year 2019 is forecast to be
        approximately $110 million. Projected spending for author advances, which is classified as an operating activity, is forecast to be approximately $130 million for fiscal year 2019.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities was $120.5 million for the six months ended October 31, 2018 compared to $135.4 million for the six
        months ended October 31, 2017. This decrease in cash provided by financing activities was due to lower net borrowings for the six months ended October 31, 2018 compared to the six months ended October 31, 2017.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">During the six months ended October 31, 2018, we repurchased 425,120 shares of Class A common stock at an average price of $58.79 compared to
        550,757 shares of Class A common stock at an average price of $53.12 in the prior year. In the six months ended October 31, 2018, we increased our quarterly dividend to shareholders by 3% to $1.32 per share annualized versus $1.28 per share
        annualized in the prior year.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
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        <div><br>
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        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">36</font></div>
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  <div id="TRGRSegment:99d12376-798e-4cac-9d9f-888b32a2f243">
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            <tr>
              <td style="width: 72pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">ITEM 3.<a name="ITEM3."><!--Anchor--></a></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Market Risk</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We are exposed to market risk primarily related to interest rates, foreign exchange and credit risk. It is our policy to monitor these
        exposures and to use derivative financial investments and/or insurance contracts from time to time to reduce fluctuations in earnings and cash flows when it is deemed appropriate to do so. We do not use derivative financial instruments for trading
        or speculative purposes.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Interest Rates</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">From time to time, we may use interest rate swaps, collars, or options to manage our exposure to fluctuations in interest rates.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We had $537.3 million of variable rate loans outstanding at October 31, 2018, which approximated fair value.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The information set forth in Note 13, "Derivatives Instruments and Hedging Activities," of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial
        Statements under the caption "Interest Rate Contracts," is incorporated herein by reference.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">On April 4, 2016, we entered into a forward starting interest rate swap agreement which fixed a portion of the variable interest due on a
        variable rate debt renewal on May 16, 2016. Under the terms of the agreement, we pay a fixed rate of 0.92% and receive a variable rate of interest based on one-month LIBOR from the counterparty which is reset every month for a three-year period
        ending May 15, 2019. As of October 31, 2018, and April 30, 2018, the notional amount of the interest rate swap was $350.0 million.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">It is management&#8217;s intention that the notional amount of interest rate swaps be less than the variable rate loans outstanding during the life
        of the derivatives. During the three and six months ended October 31, 2018, we recognized a gain on our hedge contracts of approximately $1.1 million and $2.0 million, respectively, and during the three and six months ended October 31, 2017, we
        recognized a gain on our hedge contracts of approximately $0.3 million and $0.4 million, respectively, which is reflected in Interest Expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">At October 31, 2018 and April 30, 2018, the fair value of the outstanding interest rate swaps was a deferred gain of $3.3 million and $5.1
        million, respectively. Based on the maturity dates of the contracts, the entire deferred gain as of October 31, 2018 was recorded within Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets and as of April 30, 2018 was recorded within Other Non-Current
        Assets.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">On an annual basis, a hypothetical one percent change in interest rates for the $187.3 million of unhedged variable rate debt as of October
        31, 2018 would affect net income and cash flow by approximately $1.4 million.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Foreign Exchange Rates</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Fluctuations in the currencies of countries where we operate outside the U.S. may have a significant impact on financial results. We are
        primarily exposed to movements in British pound sterling, euros, Canadian and Australian dollars, and certain currencies in Asia. The Statements of Financial Position of non-U.S. business units are translated into U.S. dollars using period-end
        exchange rates for assets and liabilities and the Statements of Income are translated into U.S. dollars using weighted-average exchange rates for revenues and expenses.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Our significant investments in non-U.S. businesses are exposed to foreign currency risk. Adjustments resulting from translating assets and
        liabilities are reported as a separate component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss within Shareholders&#8217; Equity under the caption Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment. During the three and six months ended October 31, 2018, we recorded
        foreign currency translation losses in Other Comprehensive Income of approximately $20.4 million and $60.7 million, respectively, primarily as a result of the fluctuations of the U.S. dollar relative to the British pound sterling and, to a lesser
        extent, the euro. During the three and six months ended October 31, 2017, we recorded foreign currency translation gains in Other Comprehensive Income of approximately $5.6 million and $33.0 million, respectively, primarily as a result of the
        fluctuations of the U.S. dollar relative to the British pound sterling and euro.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Exchange rate gains or losses related to foreign currency transactions are recognized as transaction gains or losses in the Condensed
        Consolidated Statements of Income as incurred. Under certain circumstances, we may enter into derivative financial instruments in the form of foreign currency forward contracts to hedge against specific transactions, including intercompany
        purchases and loans.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We may enter into forward exchange contracts to manage our exposure on certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. The
        forward exchange contracts are marked to market through Foreign Exchange Transaction (Losses) Gains on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and carried at their fair value on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.
        Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities are remeasured at spot rates in effect on the balance sheet date, with the effects of changes in spot rates reported in Foreign Exchange Transaction (Losses) Gains. As of October 31, 2018, and
        April 30, 2018, we did not maintain any open forward exchange contracts. In addition, we did not maintain any open forward contracts during the six months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
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      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">37</font></div>
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    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Sales Return Reserves</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The estimated allowance for print book sales returns is based upon historical return patterns, as well as current market trends in the
        businesses in which we operate. In connection with the estimated sales return reserves, we also include a related increase to inventory and a reduction to accrued royalties as a result of the expected returns.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The reserves are reflected in the following accounts of the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position &#8211; increase (decrease):</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> </font><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z23c5648da2e94e7b932b25c853dbb929" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31, 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Accounts receivable, net <sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">(1)</sup></font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(28,302</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Inventories, net</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">4,261</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">4,626</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Accrued royalties</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(3,934</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(5,048</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Contract liability (Deferred revenue) <sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">(1)</sup></font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">31,142</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Decrease in Net Assets</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(22,947</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(18,628</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> </font><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z073c913ca529484c96140858a8b722f9" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1)</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Due to the adoption of the new revenue standard, the sales return reserve as of October 31, 2018 of $31.1 million is recorded in Contract Liability (Deferred
                    Revenue). In prior periods, it was recorded as a reduction to Accounts Receivable, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">A one percent change in the estimated sales return rate could affect net income by approximately $0.6 million. A change in the pattern or
        trends in returns could affect the estimated allowance.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Customer Credit Risk</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In the journal publishing business, subscriptions are primarily sourced through journal subscription agents who, acting as agents for library
        customers, facilitate ordering by consolidating the subscription orders/billings of each subscriber with various publishers. Cash is generally collected in advance from subscribers by the subscription agents and is principally remitted to us
        between the months of December and April. Future calendar-year subscription receipts from these agents are highly dependent on their financial condition and liquidity. Subscription agents account for approximately 20% of total annual consolidated
        revenue and no one agent accounts for more than 10% of total annual consolidated revenue.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Our book business is not dependent upon a single customer; however, the industry is concentrated in national, regional, and online bookstore
        chains. Although no one book customer accounts for more than 10% of total annual consolidated revenue and 17% of accounts receivable at October 31, 2018, the top 10 book customers account for approximately 19% of total annual consolidated revenue
        and approximately 38% of accounts receivable at October 31, 2018.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Disclosure of Certain Activities Relating to Iran</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The European Union, Canada and United States have imposed sanctions on business relationships with Iran, including restrictions on financial
        transactions and prohibitions on direct and indirect trading with listed &#8220;designated persons.&#8221; In the six months ended October 31, 2018, we did not record any revenue or net earnings related to the sale of scientific and medical content to certain
        publicly funded universities, hospitals and institutions that meet the definition of the &#8220;Government of Iran&#8221; as defined under section 560.304 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations. We assessed our business relationship and transactions with
        Iran and believe we are in compliance with the regulations governing the sanctions. We intend to continue in these or similar sales as long as they continue to be consistent with all applicable sanction-related regulations.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:b1d6178a-9271-488a-9105-30963ae66514">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">ITEM 4.<a name="ITEM4."><!--Anchor--></a> CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, together with the Chief Accounting Officer and other members of the
        Company's management, have conducted an evaluation of the Company&#8217;s disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the &#8220;Exchange Act&#8221;) as of the end of the period covered by
        this report. Based on this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in
        reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms and (ii) accumulated and communicated to the
        Company&#8217;s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">38</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We are in the process of implementing a new global ERP that will enhance our business and financial processes and standardize our information
        systems. As previously disclosed, we have completed the implementation of record-to-report, purchase-to-pay and several other business processes within all locations through fiscal year 2017. We completed the implementation of order-to-cash for
        certain businesses in May 2018 and may continue to roll out additional processes and functionality of the ERP in phases in the foreseeable future.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As with any new information system we implement, this application, along with the internal controls over financial reporting included in this
        process, will require testing for effectiveness. In connection with this ERP implementation, we are updating our internal controls over financial reporting, as necessary, to accommodate modifications to our business processes and accounting
        procedures. We do not believe that the ERP implementation will have an adverse effect on our internal control over financial reporting.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Except as described above, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e)
        and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended October 31, 2018 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:51b1d759-b03f-49e0-947f-1d6318494480">
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">PART II - OTHER INFORMATION</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">ITEM 1.<a name="ITEM1."><!--Anchor--></a> LEGAL PROCEEDINGS</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">There have been no significant developments related to legal proceedings during the three months ended October 31, 2018. For information
        regarding legal proceedings, see our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2018 Note 14, &#8220;Commitment and Contingencies&#8221;.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">ITEM 1a<a name="ITEM1a"><!--Anchor--></a>. RISK FACTORS</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">See Part I, Item 1A, "Risk Factors," of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2018. Except as required by the
        federal securities law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise any risk factor, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY <a name="SECURITIESANDUSEOFPROCEED"><!--Anchor--></a>SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">During the three months ended October 31, 2018, we made the following purchases of Class A Common Stock under our stock repurchase program:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z0b48837acd8746688a67c188b1309582" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Total Number</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">of Shares</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Purchased</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Average</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Price Paid</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Per Share</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Total Number</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">of Shares Purchased</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">as part of a Publicly</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Announced Program</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Maximum Number</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">of Shares that May</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">be Purchased</font></div>
            <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Under the Program</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">August 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2,954,539</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">September 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">245,081</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">56.64</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">245,081</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2,709,458</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">October 2018</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">54,107</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">57.65</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">54,107</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2,655,351</font></div>
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          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Total</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">299,188</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">56.82</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">299,188</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
          <td valign="bottom" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">
            <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2,655,351</font></div>
          </td>
          <td valign="bottom" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

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    <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">ITEM 6. EXHIBITS<a name="ITEM6.EXHIBITS"><!--Anchor--></a></font></div>
    <div><br>
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    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z3472d8aa0f69455faaa1151dab188b30" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.97%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -45pt; margin-left: 45pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">31.1*</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 91.03%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="ex31_1.htm"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Certification of
                  Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</font></a></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.97%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">31.2*</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 91.03%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="ex31_2.htm"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Certification of
                  the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</font></a></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.97%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">32.1*</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 91.03%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="ex32_1.htm"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">18 U.S.C.
                  Section 1350 Certificate by the President and Chief Executive Officer.</font></a></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.97%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">32.2*</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 91.03%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><a href="ex32_2.htm"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">18 U.S.C. Section
                  1350 Certificate by the Chief Financial and Operations Officer.</font></a></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.97%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">101.INS</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 91.03%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">XBRL Instance Document</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.97%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">101.SCH</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 91.03%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.97%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">101.CAL</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 91.03%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document</font></div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.97%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">101.DEF</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 91.03%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document</font></div>
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        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.97%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">101.LAB</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 91.03%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document</font></div>
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        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 8.97%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">101.PRE</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 91.03%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document</font></div>
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        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
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              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">*</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, this interactive data file is deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of
                    Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, is deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and otherwise is not subject to liability under these sections.</font></div>
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        </table>
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    <div><br>
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      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">39</font></div>
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    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div id="TRGRSegment:6edab10a-9e2b-464c-8c94-2d7179410632">
    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">SIGNATURES<a name="SIGNATURES"><!--Anchor--></a></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by
        the undersigned thereunto duly authorized</font></div>
    <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> </font><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z51595717a30844e6a5cec2fbab3804e2" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 47.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 30%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">JOHN WILEY &amp; SONS, INC.</font></div>
          </td>
          <td colspan="1" style="width: 10%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 47.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 30%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Registrant</font></div>
          </td>
          <td colspan="1" style="width: 10%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 47.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 30%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td colspan="1" style="width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 47.95%; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,Times,serif;">By&#160; <br>
              </font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 30%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">/s/ Brian A. Napack</font></div>
          </td>
          <td colspan="1" style="width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 47.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 30%; vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Brian A. Napack</font></div>
          </td>
          <td colspan="1" style="width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 47.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 30%; vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">President and Chief Executive Officer</font></div>
          </td>
          <td colspan="1" style="width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 47.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 30%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td colspan="1" style="width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 47.95%; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,Times,serif;">By&#160; <br>
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          <td style="width: 30%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">/s/ John A. Kritzmacher</font></div>
          </td>
          <td colspan="1" style="width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 47.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 30%; vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">John A. Kritzmacher</font></div>
          </td>
          <td colspan="1" style="width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 47.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 30%; vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President, Operations</font></div>
          </td>
          <td colspan="1" style="width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 47.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 30%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td colspan="1" style="width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 47.95%; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,Times,serif;">By&#160; <br>
              </font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 30%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">/s/ Christopher F. Caridi</font></div>
          </td>
          <td colspan="1" style="width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 47.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 30%; vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Christopher F. Caridi</font></div>
          </td>
          <td colspan="1" style="width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 47.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 30%; vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Senior Vice President, Corporate Controller and Chief Accounting Officer</font></div>
          </td>
          <td colspan="1" style="width: 10%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 47.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 30%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td colspan="1" style="width: 10%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 47.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 30%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Dated: December 6, 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td colspan="1" style="width: 10%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter" style="width: 100%;">
        <div><br>
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        <div><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></div>
      </div>
      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">40</font></div>
      <div id="DSPFPageBreak" style="page-break-after: always;">
        <hr noshade="noshade" style="border-width: 0px; clear: both; margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000;"></div>
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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-31.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>ex31_1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>CERTIFICATION
<TEXT>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>&#160;</title>
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  <div id="TRGRSegment:f2af0d55-906e-4a09-b6ac-aeace42dd93a">
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a name="Exhibit31.1"><!--Anchor--></a></div>
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"> <br>
      <hr align="center" style="border: none; border-bottom: 1px solid black; border-top: 4px solid black; height: 10px; color: #ffffff; background-color: #ffffff; text-align: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Exhibit 31.1</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>CERTIFICATIONS PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF
            THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002</u></font></font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">I, Brian A. Napack, certify that:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;" id="zf795694289f34625be3a3eef2b4ec7c0" class="DSPFListTable">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1.</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.;</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;" id="z8a0b9bb1905a475eac6f8fe912b3ba45" class="DSPFListTable">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2.</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements
                    made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;" id="z7903a860017f411a8154614740b240df" class="DSPFListTable">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">3.</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the
                    financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;" id="z80e6673c4f464479b3d0ddf6146635a7" class="DSPFListTable">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">4.</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The registrant&#8217;s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange
                    Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;" id="z4c834f4e0ada45b9a4ca520005cc7723" class="DSPFListTable">

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              <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">a.</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that
                    material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;" id="z3f8592563e1942919b6194136baa66f9" class="DSPFListTable">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">b.</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to
                    provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;" id="z7bd8f52f484c49d48038ff7d08e7ae71" class="DSPFListTable">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">c.</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant&#8217;s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the
                    disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;" id="z4924abfd7a6a45638523ef638964e4ee" class="DSPFListTable">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">d.</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant&#8217;s most recent fiscal
                    quarter (the registrant&#8217;s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected or is reasonably likely to materially affect the registrant&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting; and</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;" id="zfff83796fdc842a3b8e53e817aa7da65" class="DSPFListTable">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">5.</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The registrant&#8217;s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the
                    registrant&#8217;s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant&#8217;s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;" id="z3097d52f93d84064b6f0d9d45924c53e" class="DSPFListTable">

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              <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">a.</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to
                    adversely affect the registrant&#8217;s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;" id="zc0235b21543941a2966cb445c4144e79" class="DSPFListTable">

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              <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">b.</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant&#8217;s internal control over
                    financial reporting.</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;" id="zf838ac0695844e94acd28a39d4814766">

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          <td style="width: 2.84%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,Times,serif;">By:</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 0.93%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 42.02%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">/s/ Brian A. Napack</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 54.2%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 2.84%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 0.93%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 42.02%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Brian A. Napack</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 54.2%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 2.84%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 0.93%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 42.02%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">President and Chief Executive Officer</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 54.2%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 2.84%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 0.93%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 42.02%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 54.2%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 2.84%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 0.93%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 42.02%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">December 6, 2018</font></div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 54.2%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-31.2
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>ex31_2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>CERTIFICATION
<TEXT>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>&#160;</title>
    <!-- Licensed to: JOHN WILEY AND SONS, INC.
         Document created using EDGARfilings PROfile 5.0.0.0
         Copyright 1995 - 2018 Broadridge -->
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<body style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">
  <div id="TRGRSegment:ea50eff3-f1b4-46ec-b417-adfaf0b0677f">
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a name="Exhibit31.2"><!--Anchor--></a></div>
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"> <br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">
      <hr align="center" style="border: none; border-bottom: 1px solid black; border-top: 4px solid black; height: 10px; color: #ffffff; background-color: #ffffff; text-align: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"> </div>
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"> <br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Exhibit 31.2</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>CERTIFICATIONS PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF
            THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002</u></font></font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">I, John A. Kritzmacher, certify that:</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;" id="z45e44dc764c44461aea9afd08bf468e9" class="DSPFListTable">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1.</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.;</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;" id="z2c2ca534a31948e0b8b64867701599e5" class="DSPFListTable">

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              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">2.</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements
                    made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;" id="z867c59ea19b943e3921c11c5c293021d" class="DSPFListTable">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">3.</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the
                    financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;" id="z1cb4fd4e51ea4a4ab3e26ee6eda7e84f" class="DSPFListTable">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">4.</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The registrant&#8217;s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange
                    Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;" id="zc9048b0d6e504fd0bfa646413c72641f" class="DSPFListTable">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">a.</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that
                    material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;" id="z5073a8662ba34c0f9cd5231914584e7a" class="DSPFListTable">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">b.</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to
                    provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;" id="z41a78e3dc76f46af99b30a08e73627f9" class="DSPFListTable">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">c.</font></td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant&#8217;s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the
                    disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and</font></div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;" id="z57d7534b87454b608969fb2fde1aa262" class="DSPFListTable">

            <tr>
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              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">d.</font></td>
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<TYPE>EX-32.2
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<FILENAME>ex32_2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>CERTIFICATION
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  <!--Accrued Royalties, Current-->
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  <!--Accrued income taxes-->
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  <!--Accrued income taxes-->
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  <!--Additional paid-in-capital-->
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  <!--Royalty Advances, net-->
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  <!--Royalty Advances, net-->
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  <!--Allocated Share-based Compensation Expense-->
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  <!--Allocated Share-based Compensation Expense-->
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  <!--Allocated Share-based Compensation Expense-->
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  <!--Allocated Share-based Compensation Expense-->
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  <!--Earned royalty advances-->
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  <!--Earned royalty advances-->
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  <!--Amortization of intangibles-->
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  <!--Amortization of intangibles-->
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  <!--Amortization of intangibles-->
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  <!--Amortization of intangibles-->
  <us-gaap:AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets contextRef="c20180801to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">12367000</us-gaap:AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets>
  <!--Anti-dilutive shares excluded from diluted EPS calculation (in shares)-Stock Options [Member]-Common Stock Class A [Member]-->
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  <!--Anti-dilutive shares excluded from diluted EPS calculation (in shares)-Stock Options [Member]-Common Stock Class A [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount contextRef="c20180801to20181031_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="INF">157167</us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount>
  <!--Anti-dilutive shares excluded from diluted EPS calculation (in shares)-Restricted Stock [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount contextRef="c20170801to20171031_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_RestrictedStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="INF">26740</us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount>
  <!--Anti-dilutive shares excluded from diluted EPS calculation (in shares)-Stock Options [Member]-Common Stock Class A [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount contextRef="c20170801to20171031_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="INF">284787</us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount>
  <!--Anti-dilutive shares excluded from diluted EPS calculation (in shares)-Restricted Stock [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount contextRef="c20180501to20181031_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_RestrictedStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="INF">0</us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount>
  <!--Anti-dilutive shares excluded from diluted EPS calculation (in shares)-Restricted Stock [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount contextRef="c20180801to20181031_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_RestrictedStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="INF">0</us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount>
  <!--Anti-dilutive shares excluded from diluted EPS calculation (in shares)-Restricted Stock [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount contextRef="c20170501to20171031_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_RestrictedStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="INF">26740</us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount>
  <!--Anti-dilutive shares excluded from diluted EPS calculation (in shares)-Stock Options [Member]-Common Stock Class A [Member]-->
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  <!--Assets-->
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  <!--Assets-->
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  <!--Assets, Current-->
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  <!--Assets, Current-->
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  <!--Basis of Presentation-->
  <us-gaap:BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Throughout this report, when we refer to &amp;#8220;Wiley,&amp;#8221; the &amp;#8220;Company,&amp;#8221; &amp;#8220;we,&amp;#8221; &amp;#8220;our,&amp;#8221; or &amp;#8220;us,&amp;#8221; we are referring to John Wiley &amp;amp; Sons, Inc. and all our subsidiaries, except where the context indicates otherwise.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include all the accounts of the Company and our subsidiaries. We have eliminated all significant intercompany transactions and balances in consolidation. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the Condensed Consolidated Financial Condition, Results of Operations, Comprehensive Income and Cash Flows for the periods presented. Operating results for the interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full year. All amounts are in thousands, except per share amounts, and approximate due to rounding. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the most recent audited consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2018 as filed with the SEC on June 29, 2018 (&amp;#8220;2018 Form 10-K&amp;#8221;).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in accordance with the interim reporting requirements of the SEC. As permitted under those rules, annual footnotes or other financial information that are normally required by U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted. The preparation of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year&amp;#8217;s presentation.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock>
  <!--Basis of Accounting [Text Block]-->
  <us-gaap:BasisOfAccounting contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 1 &lt;/font&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Basis of Presentation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Throughout this report, when we refer to &amp;#8220;Wiley,&amp;#8221; the &amp;#8220;Company,&amp;#8221; &amp;#8220;we,&amp;#8221; &amp;#8220;our,&amp;#8221; or &amp;#8220;us,&amp;#8221; we are referring to John Wiley &amp;amp; Sons, Inc. and all our subsidiaries, except where the context indicates otherwise.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include all the accounts of the Company and our subsidiaries. We have eliminated all significant intercompany transactions and balances in consolidation. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the Condensed Consolidated Financial Condition, Results of Operations, Comprehensive Income and Cash Flows for the periods presented. Operating results for the interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full year. All amounts are in thousands, except per share amounts, and approximate due to rounding. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the most recent audited consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2018 as filed with the SEC on June 29, 2018 (&amp;#8220;2018 Form 10-K&amp;#8221;).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in accordance with the interim reporting requirements of the SEC. As permitted under those rules, annual footnotes or other financial information that are normally required by U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted. The preparation of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year&amp;#8217;s presentation.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:BasisOfAccounting>
  <!--Amortization-->
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  <!--Amortization-->
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  <!--Capitalized Contract Cost, Net-->
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  <!--Cash and cash equivalents-->
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  <!--Cash and cash equivalents-->
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  <!--Cash and cash equivalents-->
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  <!--Cash and cash equivalents-->
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  <!--Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents-->
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  <!--Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents-->
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  <!--Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents-->
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  <!--Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents-->
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  <!--Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents, Period Increase (Decrease), Including Exchange Rate Effect-->
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  <!--Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents, Period Increase (Decrease), Including Exchange Rate Effect-->
  <us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" id="Item-9">-54170000</us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect>
  <!--Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Text Block]-->
  <us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 14 &lt;/font&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Commitments and Contingencies&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We are involved in routine litigation in the ordinary course of our business. A provision for litigation is accrued when information available to us indicates that it is probable a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgment may be required to determine both the probability and estimates of loss. When the amount of the loss can only be estimated within a range, the most likely outcome within that range is accrued. If no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, the minimum amount within the range is accrued. When uncertainties exist related to the probable outcome of litigation and/or the amount or range of loss, we do not record a liability, but disclose facts related to the nature of the contingency and possible losses if management considers the information to be material. Reserves for legal defense costs are recognized when incurred. The accruals for loss contingencies and legal costs are reviewed regularly and may be adjusted to reflect updated information on the status of litigation and advice of legal counsel. In the opinion of management, the ultimate resolution of all pending litigation as of October 31, 2018, will not have a material effect upon our Condensed Consolidated Financial Condition or Results of Operations.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock>
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  <!--Common Stock, shares authorized (in shares)-Common Stock Class A [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized contextRef="c20180430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-6">180000000</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized>
  <!--Common Stock, shares authorized (in shares)-Common Stock Class B [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized contextRef="c20181031_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-6">72000000</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized>
  <!--Common Stock, shares authorized (in shares)-Common Stock Class B [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized contextRef="c20180430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-6">72000000</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized>
  <!--Common Stock, par value (in dollars per share)-Common Stock Class A [Member]-->
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  <!--Common Stock, par value (in dollars per share)-Common Stock Class B [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare contextRef="c20181031_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="INF">1</us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare>
  <!--Common Stock, par value (in dollars per share)-Common Stock Class A [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare contextRef="c20181031_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="INF">1</us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare>
  <!--Common Stock, par value (in dollars per share)-Common Stock Class B [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare contextRef="c20180430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="INF">1</us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare>
  <!--Common stock (in dollars per share)-Common Stock Class B [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid contextRef="c20170501to20171031_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2">0.64</us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid>
  <!--Common stock (in dollars per share)-Common Stock Class B [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid contextRef="c20180501to20181031_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2">0.66</us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid>
  <!--Common stock (in dollars per share)-Common Stock Class A [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid contextRef="c20180801to20181031_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2">0.33</us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid>
  <!--Common stock (in dollars per share)-Common Stock Class B [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid contextRef="c20180801to20181031_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2">0.33</us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid>
  <!--Common stock (in dollars per share)-Common Stock Class A [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid contextRef="c20170501to20171031_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2">0.64</us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid>
  <!--Common stock (in dollars per share)-Common Stock Class B [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid contextRef="c20170801to20171031_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2">0.32</us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid>
  <!--Common stock (in dollars per share)-Common Stock Class A [Member]-->
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padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Currency Translation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; 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vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(291,898&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(182,215&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2,367&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(471,746&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(20,424&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;3,273&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;543&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(16,608&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;1,114&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(1,324&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(210&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total other comprehensive (loss) income&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(20,424&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;4,387&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(781&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(16,818&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at October 31, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(312,322&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(177,828&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;1,586&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(488,564&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at April 30, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(251,573&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(191,026&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;3,019&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(439,580&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(60,749&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;10,993&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;613&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(49,143&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;2,205&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(2,046&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;159&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total other comprehensive income (loss)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(60,749&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;13,198&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(1,433&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(48,984&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at October 31, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(312,322&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(177,828&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;1,586&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(488,564&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Currency Translation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Unamortized&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Retirement Costs&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Interest&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Rate Swaps&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(291,807&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(192,449&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2,066&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(482,190&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;5,636&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(1,673&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;238&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;4,201&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;1,094&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;169&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;1,263&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total other comprehensive income (loss)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;5,636&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(579&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;407&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;5,464&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at October 31, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(286,171&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(193,028&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2,473&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(476,726&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at April 30, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(319,212&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(190,502&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2,427&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(507,287&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;33,041&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(4,690&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(194&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;28,157&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;2,164&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;240&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;2,404&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total other comprehensive income (loss)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;33,041&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(2,526&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;46&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;30,561&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at October 31, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(286,171&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(193,028&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2,473&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(476,726&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;During the three months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017, pre-tax actuarial losses included in Unamortized Retirement Costs of approximately $1.4 million and $1.5 million, respectively, in each period were amortized from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss and recognized as pension expense in Operating and Administrative Expenses and Interest and Other Income in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. &lt;font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;During the six months ended &lt;/font&gt;October 31, 2018 and 2017&lt;font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;, pre-tax actuarial losses of approximately $2.8 million and $2.9 million, respectively, were amortized.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock>
  <!--Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent-->
  <us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">65512000</us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax>
  <!--Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent-->
  <us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">21095000</us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax>
  <!--Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent-->
  <us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">99845000</us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax>
  <!--Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent-->
  <us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">26966000</us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax>
  <!--Revenue recognized from beginning contract liability-->
  <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5">190500000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized>
  <!--Revenue recognized from beginning contract liability-->
  <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5">386800000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized>
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  <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent contextRef="c20180430_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_AccountingStandardsUpdate201409Member_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionAxis_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectBeforeTopic606Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" id="Item-10">0</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent>
  <!--Contract with Customer, Liability, Noncurrent-->
  <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent contextRef="c20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">12568000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent>
  <!--Contract with Customer, Liability, Current-->
  <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent contextRef="c20180430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">486353000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent>
  <!--Contract with Customer, Liability, Current-->
  <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent contextRef="c20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" id="Item-11">237184000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent>
  <!--Contract with Customer, Liability, Current-ASU 2014-09 [Member]-Calculated under Revenue Guidance in Effect after Topic 606 [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent contextRef="c20180430_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_AccountingStandardsUpdate201409Member_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionAxis_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">575717000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent>
  <!--Contract with Customer, Liability, Current-ASU 2014-09 [Member]-Effect of Change Higher/(Lower) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent contextRef="c20180430_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_AccountingStandardsUpdate201409Member_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionAxis_DifferenceBetweenRevenueGuidanceInEffectBeforeAndAfterTopic606Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" id="Item-12">89364000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent>
  <!--Contract with Customer, Liability, Current-ASU 2014-09 [Member]-Sales Return Reserve Provision [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent contextRef="c20180430_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_AccountingStandardsUpdate201409Member_ChangeInAccountingEstimateByTypeAxis_SalesReturnsAndAllowancesMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5">28300000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent>
  <!--Contract with Customer, Liability, Current-ASU 2014-09 [Member]-Sales Return Reserve Provision [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent contextRef="c20181031_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_AccountingStandardsUpdate201409Member_ChangeInAccountingEstimateByTypeAxis_SalesReturnsAndAllowancesMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5">31100000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent>
  <!--Contract with Customer, Liability, Current-Balances without Adoption of Topic 606 [Member]-ASU 2014-09 [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent contextRef="c20180430_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_AccountingStandardsUpdate201409Member_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionAxis_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectBeforeTopic606Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" id="Item-13">486353000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent>
  <!--Contract with Customer, Refund Liability, Current-->
  <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent contextRef="c20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5">31100000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent>
  <!--Contract Asset and Liability Balances-->
  <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table provides information about receivables and contract liabilities from contracts with customers.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2018 &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Increase/&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(Decrease)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Balances from contracts with customers:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 17.75pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Accounts receivable, net &lt;sup&gt;(2)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;236,207&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;212,377&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;23,830&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 17.75pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Contract liability (Deferred revenue) &lt;sup&gt;(2)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;237,184&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;486,353&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(249,169&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Contract liability (Deferred revenue) (included in Other Long-Term Liabilities)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;12,568&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;12,568&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -27.1pt; margin-left: 27.1pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1) &lt;/sup&gt;As noted above, prior period amounts have not been adjusted under the modified retrospective method.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -8.85pt; margin-left: 8.85pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(2) &lt;/sup&gt;Due to the adoption of the new revenue standard, the sales return reserve as of October 31, 2018 of $31.1 million is recorded in Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue). In prior periods, it was recorded as a reduction to Accounts Receivable, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock>
  <!--Cost of Goods and Services Sold-->
  <us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold contextRef="c20170801to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">119865000</us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold>
  <!--Cost of Goods and Services Sold-->
  <us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">234548000</us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold>
  <!--Cost of Goods and Services Sold-->
  <us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold contextRef="c20170501to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">234653000</us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold>
  <!--Cost of Goods and Services Sold-->
  <us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold contextRef="c20180801to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">120157000</us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold>
  <!--Cost of Goods and Services Sold-ASU 2014-09 [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold contextRef="c20180501to20181031_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_AccountingStandardsUpdate201409Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5">2400000</us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold>
  <!--Cost of Goods and Services Sold-ASU 2014-09 [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold contextRef="c20180801to20181031_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_AccountingStandardsUpdate201409Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5">2400000</us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold>
  <!--Costs and Expenses-->
  <us-gaap:CostsAndExpenses contextRef="c20170801to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">370943000</us-gaap:CostsAndExpenses>
  <!--Costs and Expenses-->
  <us-gaap:CostsAndExpenses contextRef="c20180801to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">391147000</us-gaap:CostsAndExpenses>
  <!--Costs and Expenses-->
  <us-gaap:CostsAndExpenses contextRef="c20170501to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">769817000</us-gaap:CostsAndExpenses>
  <!--Costs and Expenses-->
  <us-gaap:CostsAndExpenses contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">765908000</us-gaap:CostsAndExpenses>
  <!--Disaggregation of Revenue [Table Text Block]-->
  <us-gaap:DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following tables present our revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="30" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended October 31,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="14" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="14" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Research&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Publishing&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Solutions&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Research&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; 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  <!--Service cost-->
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  <!--Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Text Block]-->
  <us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentsAndHedgingActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 13 &lt;/font&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;From time-to-time, we enter into forward exchange and interest rate swap contracts as a hedge against foreign currency asset and liability commitments, changes in interest rates and anticipated transaction exposures, including intercompany purchases. All derivatives are recognized as assets or liabilities and measured at fair value on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Derivatives that are not determined to be effective hedges are adjusted to fair value with a corresponding adjustment to earnings. We do not use financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Interest Rate Contracts&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We had $537.3 million of variable rate loans outstanding at October 31, 2018, which approximated fair value.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;As of October 31, 2018 and 2017 the interest rate swap agreements maintained by us were designated as cash flow hedges as defined under ASC 815 &amp;#8220;Derivatives and Hedging.&amp;#8221; As a result, there was no impact on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps as they were fully offset by changes in the interest expense on the underlying variable rate debt instruments.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;On April 4, 2016, we entered into a forward starting interest rate swap agreement which fixed a portion of the variable interest due on a variable rate debt renewal on May 16, 2016. Under the terms of the agreement, we pay a fixed rate of 0.92% and receive a variable rate of interest based on one-month LIBOR from the counterparty which is reset every month for a three-year period ending May 15, 2019. As of October 31, 2018 and April 30, 2018, the notional amount of the interest rate swap was $350.0 million.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We record the fair value of our interest rate swaps on a recurring basis using Level 2 inputs of quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets. The fair value of the interest rate swaps as of October 31, 2018 and April 30, 2018 was a deferred gain of $3.3 million and $5.1 million, respectively. Based on the maturity dates of the contracts, the entire deferred gain as of October 31, 2018 was recorded within Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets and as of April 30, 2018 was recorded within Other Non-Current Assets. The pre-tax gains that were reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Interest Expense for the three months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017 were $1.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively. &lt;font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The pre-tax gains that were reclassified from Accumulated Other Compensation Loss into Interest Expense for the six&amp;#160;months ended &lt;/font&gt;October 31, 2018 and 2017&lt;font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;were&amp;#160;$2.0 million&amp;#160;and&amp;#160;$0.4 million, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Foreign Currency Contracts&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We may enter into forward exchange contracts to manage our exposure on certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. The forward exchange contracts are marked to market through Foreign Exchange Transaction (Losses) Gains in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and carried at their fair value in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities are remeasured at spot rates in effect on the balance sheet date, with the effects of changes in spot rates reported in Foreign Exchange Transaction (Losses) Gains.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;As of October 31, 2018, and April 30, 2018, we did not maintain any open forward exchange contracts. In addition, we did not maintain any open forward contracts during the six months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentsAndHedgingActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock>
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  <!--Description of New Accounting Pronouncements Not yet Adopted [Text Block]-->
  <us-gaap:DescriptionOfNewAccountingPronouncementsNotYetAdopted contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 2 &lt;/font&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Recent Accounting Standards&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Recently Adopted Accounting Standards&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In May 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (&amp;#8220;FASB&amp;#8221;) issued ASU 2017-09, &amp;#8220;Compensation&amp;#8212;Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting,&amp;#8221; which clarifies when changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting. Under the new guidance, modification accounting is only required if the fair value, vesting conditions or classification (equity or liability) of the new award are different from the original award immediately before the original award is modified. We adopted ASU 2017-09 on May 1, 2018 and there was no impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements. The new guidance must be applied prospectively to awards modified on or after the adoption date. The future impact of ASU 2017-09 will be dependent on the nature of future stock award modifications.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, &amp;#8220;Compensation&amp;#8212;Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost.&amp;#8221; The guidance requires that the service cost component of net pension and postretirement benefit costs be reported in the same line item as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period, while the other components of net benefit costs must be reported separately from the service cost component and below operating income. The guidance also allows only the service cost component to be eligible for capitalization when applicable. We adopted ASU 2017-07 on May 1, 2018. The new guidance must be applied retrospectively for the presentation of net benefit costs in the income statement and prospectively for the capitalization of the service cost component of net benefit costs.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The effect of retrospectively adopting this guidance resulted in a reclassification of net benefits of $2.0 million and $3.9 million from Operating and Administrative Expenses to Interest and Other Income on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three and six months ended October 31, 2017, respectively. The amount included in Interest and Other Income on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018 was a net benefit of $2.1 million and $4.5 million, respectively. We do not capitalize any service costs.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, &amp;#8220;Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business&amp;#8221;, which clarifies the definition of a business in order to allow for the evaluation of whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions or disposals of assets or business. We adopted ASU 2017-01 on May 1, 2018. The future impact of ASU 2017-01 will be dependent upon the nature of future acquisitions or dispositions made by us.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash. ASU 2016-18 requires that entities include restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents with cash and cash equivalents in the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the Statement of Cash Flows. We adopted ASU 2016-18 on May 1, 2018. Retrospective transition method is to be applied to each period presented. As a result of this retrospective adoption, the reclassification of restricted cash into a change in total cash resulted in a reduction in Cash Used in Operating Activities of $0.5 million for the six months ended October 31, 2017. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Balance at the Beginning of Period&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Cash and cash equivalents&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;169,773&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;58,516&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Restricted cash included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;484&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;170,257&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;58,516&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Balance at the End of Period&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Cash and cash equivalents&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;115,603&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;72,871&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Restricted cash included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;484&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;546&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;116,087&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;73,417&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, &amp;#8220;Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other than Inventory&amp;#8221;, which simplifies the accounting for the income tax consequences of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory. Current U.S. GAAP prohibits the recognition of current and deferred income taxes for an intra-entity asset transfer until the asset has been sold to an outside party. The new guidance states that an entity should recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs. Consequently, the amendments in this Standard eliminate the exception for an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory. We adopted ASU 2016-16 on May 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2016-16 did not have a material impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, &amp;#8220;Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments,&amp;#8221; which provides clarification on classifying a variety of activities within the Statement of Cash Flows. We adopted ASU 2016-15 on May 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2016-15 did not have a material impact to our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, &amp;#8220;Financial Instruments&amp;#8212;Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.&amp;#8221; Subsequently, the FASB issued ASU 2018-03, &amp;#8220;Technical Corrections and Improvements to Financial Instruments-Overall.&amp;#8221;&amp;#160; ASU 2016-01 requires equity investments except those under the equity method of accounting to be measured at fair value with the changes in fair value recognized in net income. The amendment simplifies the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment to identify impairment. In addition, it also requires enhanced disclosures about investments. We adopted ASU 2016-01 on May 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2016- 01 did not have a material impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers," (Topic 606) which superseded most existing revenue recognition guidance. We adopted ASU 2014-09 on May 1, 2018. The standard allows for either "full retrospective" adoption, meaning the standard is applied to all periods presented, or "modified retrospective" adoption, meaning the standard is applied only to the most current period presented in the financial statements. Subsequently, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) &amp;#8211; Principal versus Agent Considerations", ASU 2016-10, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) &amp;#8211; Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing", ASU 2016-12, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) &amp;#8211; Narrow Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients", and ASU 2016-20, "Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers," which provide clarification and additional guidance related to ASU 2014-09. We also adopted ASU 2016-08, ASU 2016-10, ASU 2016-12, and ASU 2016-20 with ASU 2014-09 (collectively, the &amp;#8220;new revenue standard&amp;#8221;) on May 1, 2018.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We utilized a comprehensive approach to assess the impact of the new revenue standard on our contract portfolio by reviewing our current accounting policies and practices to identify differences that would result from applying the new revenue standard to our revenue contracts. Additionally, we reviewed customer agreements representative of our business models and assessed whether changes in revenue recognition were appropriate under the new revenue standard.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We adopted the new revenue standard as of May 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective method. The adoption of the new revenue standard did not have a material impact to our consolidated revenues, financial position, or results of operations. Upon adoption, we recorded an immaterial net increase to opening retained earnings resulting from the change in timing of when certain components of our revenue is recognized as required under the new revenue standard as compared to historical policies. Such changes include:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 27.1pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(i)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;perpetual licenses granted in connection with other deliverables; revenue that was previously recognized over the life of the associated subscription for future content is now recognized at a point in time, which is when access to content is initially granted,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 27.1pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(ii)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;customers&amp;#8217; unexercised rights; revenue which was previously recognized at the end of a pre-determined period for situations where we have received a nonrefundable payment for a customer to receive a good or service and the customer has not exercised such right is now recognized as revenue in proportion to the pattern of rights exercised by the customer,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 27.1pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(iii)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;recognition of estimated revenue from royalty agreements in the period of usage, and&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 27.1pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(iv)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;recognition of revenue for certain arrangements with minimum guarantees on a time-based (straight-line) basis due to a stand-ready obligation to provide additional rights to content.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The adoption of the new revenue standard resulted in the discontinuance of the historical practice of presenting accounts receivable and deferred revenue balances on a net basis for some of our subscription licensing agreements where we have invoiced a customer in advance of the related revenue being recognized and payment has not yet been received. As of April 30, 2018, the amounts that were previously netted down from accounts receivable and deferred revenue were $59.5 million.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In addition, the adoption of the new revenue standard resulted in the reclassification of the sales return reserve provision to Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue) from Accounts Receivable, Net on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. As of April 30, 2018, the amount was $28.3 million.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The cumulative effect of the changes made to our consolidated balance sheet at May 1, 2018 as a result of adoption of the new revenue standard using the modified retrospective method were as follows:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adjustments due to Adoption&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;May 1, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.6pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Accounts receivable, net&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;212,377&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;93,349&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;305,726&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.6pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Product development assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;78,814&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(3,725&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;75,089&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.6pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Technology, property and equipment, net&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;289,934&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(361&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;289,573&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.6pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Other non-current assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; 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width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Liabilities&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.6pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Accrued royalties&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;73,007&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(731&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;72,276&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.6pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Contract liability (Deferred revenue)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;486,353&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;89,364&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;575,717&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.6pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Deferred income tax liabilities&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;143,518&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;1,400&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;144,918&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Retained earnings&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;1,834,057&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;4,503&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;1,838,560&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The impact of the adoption of the new revenue standard on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income was $10.2 million and $11.5 million in revenue, net, for the three months and six months ended October 31, 2018, respectively, and was $2.4 million in cost of sales for both the three and six months ended October 31, 2018. The impact to the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position was not material by line item, except for the amount related to the netting down of the accounts receivable and deferred revenue as described above and a reclassification of the sales return reserve provision to contract liability from accounts receivable, net. As of October 31, 2018, the amount that would have been netted down from accounts receivable, net and deferred revenue prior to the adoption of the new revenue standard would have been $5.8 million. Due to the adoption of the new revenue standard, the sales return reserve provision amount that is included in Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue) on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of October 31, 2018 was $31.1 million.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Recently Issued Accounting Standards&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, &amp;#8220;Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer&amp;#8217;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract.&amp;#8221; ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, &amp;#8220;Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans.&amp;#8221; ASU 2018-14 removes certain disclosures that are not considered cost beneficial, clarifies certain required disclosures and added additional disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2021, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in ASU 2018-14 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis.&amp;#160; We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, &amp;#8220;Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.&amp;#8221; ASU 2018-13 removes certain disclosures, modifies certain disclosures and added additional disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Certain disclosures in ASU 2018-13 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis and others on a prospective basis. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02 &amp;#8220;Income Statement&amp;#8212;Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income,&amp;#8221; which allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2019, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, &amp;#8220;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities,&amp;#8221; to simplify and improve the application and financial reporting of hedge accounting. Subsequently, in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-1&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;6, &amp;#8220;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap (OIS) Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes&amp;#8221;.&amp;#160; ASU 2017-12&lt;/font&gt; eases the requirements for measuring and reporting hedge ineffectiveness and clarifies that changes in the fair value of hedging instruments for cash flow, net investment, and fair value hedges should be reflected in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. The guidance also permits entities to designate specific components in cash flow and interest rate hedges as the hedged risk, instead of using total cash flows. ASU 2018-16 allows the use of the OIS rate based on the SOFR as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for hedge accounting purposes. These ASUs are effective for us on May 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, &amp;#8220;Intangibles&amp;#8211;Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): &amp;#8220;Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment&amp;#8221;, which simplifies the measurement of a potential goodwill impairment charge by eliminating the requirement to calculate an implied fair value of the goodwill based on the fair value of a reporting unit&amp;#8217;s other assets and liabilities. The new guidance eliminates the implied fair value method and instead measures a potential impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit&amp;#8217;s carrying value compared to its fair value. The impairment charge cannot exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Based on our most recent annual goodwill impairment test completed in fiscal year 2018, we expect no initial impact on adoption.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, &amp;#8220;Financial Instruments&amp;#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.&amp;#8221; Subsequently, in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, &amp;#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses&amp;#8221;.&amp;#160; ASU 2016-13 requires entities to measure all expected credit losses for most financial assets held at the reporting date based on an expected loss model which includes historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Entities will now use forward-looking information to better form their credit loss estimates. ASU 2016-13 also requires enhanced disclosures to help financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an entity&amp;#8217;s portfolio. ASU 2016-13 and ASU 2018-19 are effective for us on May 1, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal periods, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)&amp;#8221;. Subsequently, in July 2018 the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, &amp;#8220;Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements&amp;#8221; and ASU 2018-10, &amp;#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases&amp;#8221;.&amp;#160; ASU 2016-02 requires an entity to recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability for all leases with terms of more than 12 months. Recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses will depend on classification as a finance or operating lease. Similar modifications have been made to lessor accounting in-line with revenue recognition guidance. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. Adoption requires application of the new guidance to the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. ASU 2018-11 provides for an additional (and optional) transition method whereby we can recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening retained earnings in the period of adoption. In addition, ASU 2018-11 provides for a practical expedient to not separate nonlease components from the associated lease component if certain conditions are met. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:DescriptionOfNewAccountingPronouncementsNotYetAdopted>
  <!--Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Text Block]-->
  <us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 4 &lt;/font&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Stock-Based Compensation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We have stock-based compensation plans under which employees may be granted performance-based stock awards and other restricted stock awards.&amp;#160; Prior to fiscal year 2017, we also granted options to purchase shares of our common stock at the fair market value at the time of grant. We recognize the grant date fair value of stock-based compensation in net income on a straight-line basis, net of estimated forfeitures over the requisite service period. The measurement of performance for performance-based stock awards is based on actual financial results for targets established three years in advance. For the three months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017, we recognized stock-based compensation expense, on a pre-tax basis, of $5.0 million and $4.0 million, respectively. For the six months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017, we recognized stock-based compensation expense, on a pre-tax basis, of $8.9 million and $2.5 million, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table summarizes restricted stock awards we granted:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Six Months Ended&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Restricted Stock:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Awards granted&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;397&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;405&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Weighted average fair value of grant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;63.33&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;51.44&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock>
  <!--Dividend payable date-Common Stock Class B [Member]-Dividend Declared in Current Year Q2 [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear contextRef="c20180501to20181031_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember">2018-10-24</us-gaap:DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear>
  <!--Dividend payable date-Common Stock Class A [Member]-Dividend Declared in Current Year Q2 [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear contextRef="c20180501to20181031_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember">2018-10-24</us-gaap:DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear>
  <!--Dividend payable date-Dividend Declared in Current Year Q1 [Member]-Common Stock Class A [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear contextRef="c20180501to20181031_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember">2018-07-18</us-gaap:DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear>
  <!--Dividend payable date-Common Stock Class B [Member]-Dividend Declared in Current Year Q1 [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear contextRef="c20180501to20181031_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember">2018-07-18</us-gaap:DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear>
  <!--Dividend declared date-Common Stock Class B [Member]-Dividend Declared in Current Year Q2 [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear contextRef="c20180501to20181031_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember">2018-09-26</us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear>
  <!--Dividend declared date-Common Stock Class A [Member]-Dividend Declared in Current Year Q2 [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear contextRef="c20180501to20181031_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember">2018-09-26</us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear>
  <!--Dividend declared date-Dividend Declared in Current Year Q1 [Member]-Common Stock Class A [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear contextRef="c20180501to20181031_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember">2018-06-21</us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear>
  <!--Dividend declared date-Common Stock Class B [Member]-Dividend Declared in Current Year Q1 [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear contextRef="c20180501to20181031_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember">2018-06-21</us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear>
  <!--Dividend record date-Common Stock Class A [Member]-Dividend Declared in Current Year Q2 [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear contextRef="c20180501to20181031_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember">2018-10-09</us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear>
  <!--Dividend record date-Common Stock Class B [Member]-Dividend Declared in Current Year Q2 [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear contextRef="c20180501to20181031_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember">2018-10-09</us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear>
  <!--Dividend record date-Common Stock Class B [Member]-Dividend Declared in Current Year Q1 [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear contextRef="c20180501to20181031_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember">2018-07-03</us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear>
  <!--Dividend record date-Dividend Declared in Current Year Q1 [Member]-Common Stock Class A [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear contextRef="c20180501to20181031_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember">2018-07-03</us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear>
  <!--Earnings Per Share [Text Block]-->
  <us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 6 &lt;/font&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding and Share Repurchases&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;A reconciliation of the shares used in the computation of earnings per share follows:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 53.93%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="5" style="width: 22.19%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="5" style="width: 22.21%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Six Months Ended&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 53.93%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" style="width: 10.26%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" style="width: 10.26%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" style="width: 10.26%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" style="width: 10.28%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 53.93%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Weighted average shares outstanding&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;57,426&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;57,013&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;57,451&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.61%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;57,100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 53.93%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Less: Unvested restricted shares&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(47)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(138)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(59)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.61%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(152)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 53.93%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Shares used for basic earnings per share&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;57,379&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;56,875&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;57,392&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.61%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;56,948&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 53.93%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Dilutive effect of stock options and other stock awards&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;491&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;679&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;563&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.61%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;685&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 53.93%; 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font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;57,554&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;57,955&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.61%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;57,633&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Since their inclusion in the calculation of diluted earnings per share would have been anti-dilutive, options to purchase 157,167 shares of Class A Common Stock have been excluded for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018, respectively and 284,787 shares of Class A Common Stock have been excluded for the three and six months ended October 31, 2017, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;There were no restricted shares excluded for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018. 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The dividend was paid on July 18, 2018 to shareholders of record on July 3, 2018.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;On September 26, 2018, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.33 per common share, or $18.9 million, on our Class A and Class B common stock. The dividend was paid on October 24, 2018 to shareholders of record on October 9, 2018.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock>
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font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Translation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adjustment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Research&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;463,419&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(25,832&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;437,587&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Publishing&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;283,851&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(726&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;283,125&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Solutions&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;272,531&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(6,995&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;265,536&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;1,019,801&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(33,553&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;986,248&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The April 30, 2018 goodwill balances for Publishing and Solutions have been revised to reflect foreign translation adjustments of $11.6 million.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Intangible Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Identifiable intangible assets, net consisted of the following:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Intangible Assets with Determinable Lives, net:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Content and Publishing Rights&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;401,341&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;436,760&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Customer Relationships&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;152,803&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;161,729&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Brands and Trademarks&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;14,340&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;16,100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Covenants not to Compete&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;550&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;655&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;569,034&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;615,244&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Intangible Assets with Indefinite Lives:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Brands and Trademarks&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;130,460&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;138,589&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Content and Publishing Rights&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;88,135&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;94,238&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;218,595&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;232,827&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total Intangible Assets, Net&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;787,629&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;848,071&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In conjunction with a business review performed in the Publishing segment associated with the restructuring activities disclosed in Note 7, &amp;#8220;Restructuring and Related Charges&amp;#8221;, in the three months ended July 31, 2017, we identified an indefinite lived brand with forecasted cash flows that did not support its carrying value. As a result, an impairment charge of $3.6 million was recorded in the three months ended July 31, 2017 to reduce the carrying value of the brand to its fair value of $1.2 million, which is being amortized over its estimated remaining useful life. This impairment charge was included in Operating and Administrative Expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for fiscal year 2018.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock>
  <!--Impairment of publishing brand-->
  <us-gaap:ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsIndefinitelivedExcludingGoodwill contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsIndefinitelivedExcludingGoodwill>
  <!--Impairment of publishing brand-->
  <us-gaap:ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsIndefinitelivedExcludingGoodwill contextRef="c20170501to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">3600000</us-gaap:ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsIndefinitelivedExcludingGoodwill>
  <!--Impairment of publishing brand-Brands [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsIndefinitelivedExcludingGoodwill contextRef="c20170501to20170731_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_BrandsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5">3600000</us-gaap:ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsIndefinitelivedExcludingGoodwill>
  <!--Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations before Equity Method Investments, Income Taxes, Noncontrolling Interest-->
  <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments contextRef="c20170501to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">85572000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments>
  <!--Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations before Equity Method Investments, Income Taxes, Noncontrolling Interest-->
  <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments contextRef="c20170801to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">79476000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments>
  <!--Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations before Equity Method Investments, Income Taxes, Noncontrolling Interest-->
  <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">90403000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments>
  <!--Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations before Equity Method Investments, Income Taxes, Noncontrolling Interest-->
  <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments contextRef="c20180801to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">56322000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments>
  <!--Provision for Income Taxes-->
  <us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit contextRef="c20180801to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">12538000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
  <!--Provision for Income Taxes-->
  <us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit contextRef="c20170801to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">19428000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
  <!--Provision for Income Taxes-->
  <us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">20324000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
  <!--Provision for Income Taxes-->
  <us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit contextRef="c20170501to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">16288000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
  <!--Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]-->
  <us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 11 &lt;/font&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Income Taxes&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The effective tax rate for the three months ended October 31, 2018 was 22.3%, compared to 24.4% for the three months ended October 31, 2017. The effective tax rate for the six months ended October 31, 2018 was 22.5% compared to 19.0% in the prior year period. The rate for the three months ended October 31, 2018 was lower than the prior year&amp;#8217;s rate for the same period primarily due to the reduced statutory tax rate in the U.S., as well as, to a smaller extent, a more favorable earnings mix. The rate for the six months ended October 31, 2017 benefitted from large equity compensation deductions from significant vesting of restricted stock and other one-time adjustments. Excluding those items, the rate would have been 24.4% for the six months ended October 31, 2017 compared to 22.5% in the six months ended October 31, 2018, primarily due to the reduced statutory tax rate in the U.S. and more favorable earnings mix during the current period.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;The Tax Act&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive Federal tax legislation originally known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the "Tax Act").&amp;#160; The Tax Act significantly revised the future ongoing U.S. corporate income tax system by, among other changes, the following:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;lowering the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate to 21% with a potentially lower rate for certain foreign derived income,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;accelerating deductions for certain business assets,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;changing the U.S. system from a worldwide tax system,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;requiring companies to pay a one-time transition tax on post-1986 unrepatriated cumulative non-U.S. earnings and profits ("E&amp;amp;P") of foreign subsidiaries,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;eliminating certain deductions such as the domestic production deduction,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;establishing limitations on the deductibility of certain expenses including interest and executive compensation, and&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;creating new taxes on certain foreign earnings.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In December 2017, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (&amp;#8220;SAB 118&amp;#8221;), which allows us to record provisional amounts related to the Tax Act during a measurement period not to extend beyond one year of the enactment date. In fiscal year 2018, we estimated a provisional estimated net tax benefit of $25.1 million related to the Tax Act. We are still analyzing certain aspects of the Tax Act, including without limitation certain foreign tax credit related calculations and the state and local tax effect of deemed and actual repatriation as well as the new provisions mentioned below, and refining our calculations, including our estimates of expected reversals, which could affect the measurement of these balances and give rise to new deferred tax amounts. As the Tax Act was passed late in December 2017 and ongoing guidance and accounting interpretation are expected over the 12 months following enactment, we consider the accounting for the transition tax and other items included last year, as well as items described below which were included in the six months ended October 31, 2018, to be provisional due to the forthcoming guidance and our ongoing analysis of final data and tax positions. We expect to complete our analysis within the measurement period in accordance with SAB 118.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The Tax Act created new taxes, effective for us on May 1, 2018, including a provision designed to tax certain global income ("GILTI"), a base erosion anti-abuse tax ("BEAT") as well as a new deduction for certain foreign derived intangible income (&amp;#8220;FDII&amp;#8221;). We recorded a minor provisional benefit during the six months ended October 31, 2018. We expect to adjust this provisional amount as additional guidance is provided.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock>
  <!--Income taxes, net of refunds-->
  <us-gaap:IncomeTaxesPaidNet contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">18404000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxesPaidNet>
  <!--Income taxes, net of refunds-->
  <us-gaap:IncomeTaxesPaidNet contextRef="c20170501to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">26398000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxesPaidNet>
  <!--Change in deferred revenue-ASU 2014-09 [Member]-Effect of Change Higher/(Lower) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability contextRef="c20180501to20181031_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_AccountingStandardsUpdate201409Member_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionAxis_DifferenceBetweenRevenueGuidanceInEffectBeforeAndAfterTopic606Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" id="Item-16">-249169000</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability>
  <!--Increase (Decrease) in Accounts and Other Receivables-ASU 2014-09 [Member]-Effect of Change Higher/(Lower) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables contextRef="c20180501to20181031_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_AccountingStandardsUpdate201409Member_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionAxis_DifferenceBetweenRevenueGuidanceInEffectBeforeAndAfterTopic606Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" id="Item-17">-23830000</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables>
  <!--Increase (Decrease) in Prepaid Royalties-->
  <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidRoyalties contextRef="c20170501to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">46860000</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidRoyalties>
  <!--Increase (Decrease) in Prepaid Royalties-->
  <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidRoyalties contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">50580000</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidRoyalties>
  <!--Increase (Decrease) in Operating Capital-->
  <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapital contextRef="c20170501to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">250145000</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapital>
  <!--Increase (Decrease) in Operating Capital-->
  <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapital contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">313610000</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapital>
  <!--Dilutive effect of stock options and other stock awards (in shares)-->
  <us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements contextRef="c20180801to20181031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3">491000</us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements>
  <!--Dilutive effect of stock options and other stock awards (in shares)-->
  <us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3">563000</us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements>
  <!--Dilutive effect of stock options and other stock awards (in shares)-->
  <us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements contextRef="c20170801to20171031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3">679000</us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements>
  <!--Dilutive effect of stock options and other stock awards (in shares)-->
  <us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements contextRef="c20170501to20171031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3">685000</us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements>
  <!--Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets (Excluding Goodwill), Fair Value Disclosure-Brands [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillFairValueDisclosure contextRef="c20170731_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_BrandsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5">1200000</us-gaap:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillFairValueDisclosure>
  <!--Intangible Assets, Net (Excluding Goodwill)-->
  <us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill contextRef="c20180430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">848071000</us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill>
  <!--Intangible Assets, Net (Excluding Goodwill)-->
  <us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill contextRef="c20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">787629000</us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill>
  <!--Interest and Other Income-->
  <us-gaap:InterestAndOtherIncome contextRef="c20170501to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">4494000</us-gaap:InterestAndOtherIncome>
  <!--Interest and Other Income-->
  <us-gaap:InterestAndOtherIncome contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">4975000</us-gaap:InterestAndOtherIncome>
  <!--Interest and Other Income-->
  <us-gaap:InterestAndOtherIncome contextRef="c20180801to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">2509000</us-gaap:InterestAndOtherIncome>
  <!--Interest and Other Income-->
  <us-gaap:InterestAndOtherIncome contextRef="c20170801to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">2559000</us-gaap:InterestAndOtherIncome>
  <!--Interest Expense-->
  <us-gaap:InterestExpense contextRef="c20170501to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">6728000</us-gaap:InterestExpense>
  <!--Interest Expense-->
  <us-gaap:InterestExpense contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">6404000</us-gaap:InterestExpense>
  <!--Interest Expense-->
  <us-gaap:InterestExpense contextRef="c20180801to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">3608000</us-gaap:InterestExpense>
  <!--Interest Expense-->
  <us-gaap:InterestExpense contextRef="c20170801to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">3455000</us-gaap:InterestExpense>
  <!--Interest-->
  <us-gaap:InterestPaidNet contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">5713000</us-gaap:InterestPaidNet>
  <!--Interest-->
  <us-gaap:InterestPaidNet contextRef="c20170501to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">6471000</us-gaap:InterestPaidNet>
  <!--Finished goods-->
  <us-gaap:InventoryFinishedGoods contextRef="c20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">32388000</us-gaap:InventoryFinishedGoods>
  <!--Finished goods-->
  <us-gaap:InventoryFinishedGoods contextRef="c20180430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">36503000</us-gaap:InventoryFinishedGoods>
  <!--Inventory Disclosure [Text Block]-->
  <us-gaap:InventoryDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 9 &lt;/font&gt;&amp;#8212; &lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Inventories&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Inventories were as follows:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Finished goods&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;32,388&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;36,503&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Work-in-process&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2,473&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;2,139&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Paper and other materials&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;441&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;550&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;35,302&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;39,192&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Inventory value of estimated sales returns&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;4,261&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;4,626&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;LIFO reserve&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(4,479&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(4,329&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total inventories&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;35,084&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;39,489&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:InventoryDisclosureTextBlock>
  <!--Inventory, Gross-->
  <us-gaap:InventoryGross contextRef="c20180430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">39192000</us-gaap:InventoryGross>
  <!--Inventory, Gross-->
  <us-gaap:InventoryGross contextRef="c20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">35302000</us-gaap:InventoryGross>
  <!--Inventory, Net-->
  <us-gaap:InventoryNet contextRef="c20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">35084000</us-gaap:InventoryNet>
  <!--Inventory, Net-->
  <us-gaap:InventoryNet contextRef="c20180430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">39489000</us-gaap:InventoryNet>
  <!--Inventory, Work in Process, Gross-->
  <us-gaap:InventoryWorkInProcess contextRef="c20180430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">2139000</us-gaap:InventoryWorkInProcess>
  <!--Inventory, Work in Process, Gross-->
  <us-gaap:InventoryWorkInProcess contextRef="c20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">2473000</us-gaap:InventoryWorkInProcess>
  <!--Inventory, LIFO Reserve-->
  <us-gaap:InventoryLIFOReserve contextRef="c20180430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">4329000</us-gaap:InventoryLIFOReserve>
  <!--Inventory, LIFO Reserve-->
  <us-gaap:InventoryLIFOReserve contextRef="c20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">4479000</us-gaap:InventoryLIFOReserve>
  <!--Inventory, Raw Materials, Gross-->
  <us-gaap:InventoryRawMaterials contextRef="c20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">441000</us-gaap:InventoryRawMaterials>
  <!--Inventory, Raw Materials, Gross-->
  <us-gaap:InventoryRawMaterials contextRef="c20180430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">550000</us-gaap:InventoryRawMaterials>
  <!--Variable rate loans outstanding-->
  <us-gaap:LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount contextRef="c20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5">537300000</us-gaap:LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount>
  <!--Liabilities-->
  <us-gaap:Liabilities contextRef="c20180430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">1648894000</us-gaap:Liabilities>
  <!--Liabilities-->
  <us-gaap:Liabilities contextRef="c20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">1511439000</us-gaap:Liabilities>
  <!--Liabilities and Equity-->
  <us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity contextRef="c20180430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">2839451000</us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity>
  <!--Liabilities and Equity-->
  <us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity contextRef="c20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">2680831000</us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity>
  <!--Liabilities, Current-->
  <us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent contextRef="c20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">570056000</us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent>
  <!--Liabilities, Current-->
  <us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent contextRef="c20180430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">874311000</us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent>
  <!--Long-Term Debt-->
  <us-gaap:LongTermDebtNoncurrent contextRef="c20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">537306000</us-gaap:LongTermDebtNoncurrent>
  <!--Long-Term Debt-->
  <us-gaap:LongTermDebtNoncurrent contextRef="c20180430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">360000000</us-gaap:LongTermDebtNoncurrent>
  <!--Restricted Stock Data for Awards Granted-->
  <us-gaap:NonvestedRestrictedStockSharesActivityTableTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table summarizes restricted stock awards we granted:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Six Months Ended&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Restricted Stock:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Awards granted&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;397&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;405&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Weighted average fair value of grant&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;63.33&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;51.44&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:NonvestedRestrictedStockSharesActivityTableTextBlock>
  <!--Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities-->
  <us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">120465000</us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities>
  <!--Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities-->
  <us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities contextRef="c20170501to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">135351000</us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities>
  <!--Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities-->
  <us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities contextRef="c20170501to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">-77493000</us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities>
  <!--Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities-->
  <us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">-45170000</us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities>
  <!--Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities-->
  <us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities contextRef="c20170501to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">-45812000</us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities>
  <!--Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities-->
  <us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">-121097000</us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities>
  <!--Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Parent-->
  <us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss contextRef="c20170501to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">69284000</us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss>
  <!--Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Parent-->
  <us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">70079000</us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss>
  <!--Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Parent-->
  <us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss contextRef="c20170801to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">60048000</us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss>
  <!--Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Parent-->
  <us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss contextRef="c20180801to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">43784000</us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss>
  <!--New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]-->
  <us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Recently Issued Accounting Standards&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, &amp;#8220;Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer&amp;#8217;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract.&amp;#8221; ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, &amp;#8220;Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans.&amp;#8221; ASU 2018-14 removes certain disclosures that are not considered cost beneficial, clarifies certain required disclosures and added additional disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2021, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in ASU 2018-14 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis.&amp;#160; We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, &amp;#8220;Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.&amp;#8221; ASU 2018-13 removes certain disclosures, modifies certain disclosures and added additional disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Certain disclosures in ASU 2018-13 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis and others on a prospective basis. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02 &amp;#8220;Income Statement&amp;#8212;Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income,&amp;#8221; which allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2019, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, &amp;#8220;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities,&amp;#8221; to simplify and improve the application and financial reporting of hedge accounting. Subsequently, in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-1&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;6, &amp;#8220;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap (OIS) Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes&amp;#8221;.&amp;#160; ASU 2017-12&lt;/font&gt; eases the requirements for measuring and reporting hedge ineffectiveness and clarifies that changes in the fair value of hedging instruments for cash flow, net investment, and fair value hedges should be reflected in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. The guidance also permits entities to designate specific components in cash flow and interest rate hedges as the hedged risk, instead of using total cash flows. ASU 2018-16 allows the use of the OIS rate based on the SOFR as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for hedge accounting purposes. These ASUs are effective for us on May 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, &amp;#8220;Intangibles&amp;#8211;Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): &amp;#8220;Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment&amp;#8221;, which simplifies the measurement of a potential goodwill impairment charge by eliminating the requirement to calculate an implied fair value of the goodwill based on the fair value of a reporting unit&amp;#8217;s other assets and liabilities. The new guidance eliminates the implied fair value method and instead measures a potential impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit&amp;#8217;s carrying value compared to its fair value. The impairment charge cannot exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Based on our most recent annual goodwill impairment test completed in fiscal year 2018, we expect no initial impact on adoption.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, &amp;#8220;Financial Instruments&amp;#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.&amp;#8221; Subsequently, in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, &amp;#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses&amp;#8221;.&amp;#160; ASU 2016-13 requires entities to measure all expected credit losses for most financial assets held at the reporting date based on an expected loss model which includes historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Entities will now use forward-looking information to better form their credit loss estimates. ASU 2016-13 also requires enhanced disclosures to help financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an entity&amp;#8217;s portfolio. ASU 2016-13 and ASU 2018-19 are effective for us on May 1, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal periods, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)&amp;#8221;. Subsequently, in July 2018 the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, &amp;#8220;Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements&amp;#8221; and ASU 2018-10, &amp;#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases&amp;#8221;.&amp;#160; ASU 2016-02 requires an entity to recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability for all leases with terms of more than 12 months. Recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses will depend on classification as a finance or operating lease. Similar modifications have been made to lessor accounting in-line with revenue recognition guidance. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. Adoption requires application of the new guidance to the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. ASU 2018-11 provides for an additional (and optional) transition method whereby we can recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening retained earnings in the period of adoption. In addition, ASU 2018-11 provides for a practical expedient to not separate nonlease components from the associated lease component if certain conditions are met. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock>
  <!--Cumulative Effect of Changes Made to Consolidated Balance Sheet As a Result of Adoption of New Revenue Standard-->
  <us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementEarlyAdoptionTableTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The cumulative effect of the changes made to our consolidated balance sheet at May 1, 2018 as a result of adoption of the new revenue standard using the modified retrospective method were as follows:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adjustments due to Adoption&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;May 1, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.6pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Accounts receivable, net&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;212,377&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;93,349&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;305,726&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.6pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Product development assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;78,814&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(3,725&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;75,089&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.6pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Technology, property and equipment, net&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;289,934&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(361&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;289,573&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.6pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Other non-current assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;85,802&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; 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padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; 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vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; 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font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We adopted ASU 2017-07, &amp;#8220;Compensation&amp;#8212;Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost,&amp;#8221; on May 1, 2018.&amp;#160; Refer to Note 2, "Recent Accounting Standards," in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information. The guidance requires that the service cost component of net pension and postretirement benefit costs be reported in the same line item as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period. Such amounts are reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. The guidance requires that the other components of net benefit costs be reported separately from the service cost component and below operating income. Such amounts are reflected in Interest Income and Other on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. We were required to retrospectively adopt this guidance.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Employer defined benefit pension plan contributions were $3.5 million and $2.8 million for the three months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, &lt;font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;and $7.1 million and $5.6 million for the six months ended &lt;/font&gt;October 31, 2018 and 2017&lt;font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The expense for employer defined contribution plans were approximately $2.8 million and $3.0 million for the three months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively&lt;font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;, and $7.3 million and $7.9 million for the six months ended &lt;/font&gt;October 31, 2018 and 2017&lt;font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;, respectively&lt;/font&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock>
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  <!--Restructuring charges-Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]-->
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  <!--Restructuring charges-Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]-->
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  <!--Restructuring charges-Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]-->
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  <!--Restructuring charges-Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]-->
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  <us-gaap:RestructuringCharges contextRef="c20170801to20171031_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RestructuringCharges>
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  <!--Restructuring charges-Solutions [Member]-Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RestructuringCharges contextRef="c20170801to20171031_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">-625000</us-gaap:RestructuringCharges>
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  <us-gaap:RestructuringCharges contextRef="c20180801to20181031_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">1407000</us-gaap:RestructuringCharges>
  <!--Restructuring charges-Solutions [Member]-Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RestructuringCharges contextRef="c20180801to20181031_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">1097000</us-gaap:RestructuringCharges>
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  <!--Restructuring charges-Research segment [Member]-Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]-->
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  <!--Restructuring and Related Cost, Cost Incurred to Date-Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]-->
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  <!--Restructuring and Related Activities Disclosure [Text Block]-->
  <us-gaap:RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 7 &lt;/font&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Restructuring and Related Charges&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Beginning in fiscal year 2013, we initiated a program (the &amp;#8220;Restructuring and Reinvestment Program&amp;#8221;) to restructure and realign our cost base with current and anticipated future market conditions. We are targeting most of the cost savings achieved to improve margins and earnings, with the remainder reinvested in growth opportunities.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring charges (credits) related to this program:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Six Months Ended&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total Charges&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; 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vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(464&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;31,869&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total Restructuring and Related Charges (Credits)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;9,996&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(1,406&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;3,910&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;24,323&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;170,420&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other Activities for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017 include lease impairment related costs. The credits in Other Activities for the six months ended October 31, 2017 mainly reflect changes in estimates for previously accrued restructuring charges related to facility lease reserves.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table summarizes the activity for the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability for the six months ended October 31, 2018:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Charges&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Payments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Translation &amp;amp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Reclassifications&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Severance&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;17,279&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;2,894&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(8,295&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(446&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;11,432&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Process Reengineering Consulting&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;225&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(175&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;50&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Other Activities&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;2,772&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;791&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(825&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;210&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2,948&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; 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vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(9,295&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(236&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;14,430&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The restructuring liability as of October 31, 2018 for accrued severance costs is reflected in Accrued Employment Costs in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. The liability as of October 31, 2018, for Process Reengineering Consulting costs is reflected in Other Accrued Liabilities. As of October 31, 2018, approximately $1.2 million and $1.7 million of the Other Activities are reflected in Other Accrued Liabilities and Other Long-Term Liabilities, respectively, and mainly relate to facility relocation and lease impairment related costs. We currently do not anticipate any further material charges related to the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The amount included in Other Long-Term Liabilities that relates to Other Activities is expected to be paid starting in 2020 until 2022.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock>
  <!--Retained earnings-->
  <us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit contextRef="c20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">1870609000</us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit>
  <!--Retained earnings-->
  <us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit contextRef="c20180430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">1834057000</us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit>
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  <!--Retained earnings-Calculated under Revenue Guidance in Effect after Topic 606 [Member]-ASU 2014-09 [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit contextRef="c20180430_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_AccountingStandardsUpdate201409Member_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionAxis_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">1838560000</us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit>
  <!--Revenue, net-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">448622000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">863175000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">859523000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">451731000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-ASU 2014-09 [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_AccountingStandardsUpdate201409Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5">11500000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-ASU 2014-09 [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_AccountingStandardsUpdate201409Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5">10200000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Education Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_EducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">103447000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Research segment [Member]-Online Program Management (Deltak) [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Education Publishing [Member]-Research segment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_EducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Professional Assessment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Publishing [Member]-Online Program Management (Deltak) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Journal Revenue [Member]-Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_JournalRevenueMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">123466000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Education Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_EducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other (Research segment) [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Journal Revenue [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_JournalRevenueMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other (Research segment) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">79559000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Course Workflow Solutions [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Online Program Management (Deltak) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">56074000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">164985000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Open Access [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OpenAccessMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Research segment [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Journal Revenue [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_JournalRevenueMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">338488000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Open Access [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OpenAccessMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Education Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_EducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">282420000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Research segment [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Test Preparation and Certification [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Journal Revenue [Member]-Research segment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_JournalRevenueMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">170163000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Education Publishing [Member]-Research segment [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_EducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">11585000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Open Access [Member]-Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OpenAccessMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Research segment [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">453637000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Corporate Learning [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CorporateLearningMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">27633000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Research segment [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">228870000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">9365000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-STM and Professional and Education Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">66902000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Education Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_EducationPublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">57711000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Test Preparation and Certification [Member]-Research segment [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Test Preparation and Certification [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Open Access [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OpenAccessMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Corporate Learning [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CorporateLearningMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">31362000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">11585000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">8028000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Research segment [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Online Program Management (Deltak) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Open Access [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_OpenAccessMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">18153000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">17968000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">16297000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Test Preparation and Certification [Member]-Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">19409000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Course Workflow Solutions [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Test Preparation and Certification [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">8377000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Corporate Learning [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_CorporateLearningMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">12318000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">57876000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing [Member]-Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">11723000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Research segment [Member]-Course Workflow Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Online Program Management (Deltak) [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">59037000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other (Research segment) [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Journal Revenue [Member]-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_JournalRevenueMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Corporate Learning [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CorporateLearningMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">12318000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Corporate Learning [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_CorporateLearningMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">15333000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">114415000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]-Research segment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">9365000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Course Workflow Solutions [Member]-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">17520000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Corporate Learning [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Research segment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CorporateLearningMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Research segment [Member]-Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other (Research segment) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">79559000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Research segment [Member]-Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Publishing [Member]-Open Access [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OpenAccessMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Course Workflow Solutions [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Research segment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">62478000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Test Preparation and Certification [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">7919000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Research segment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">228645000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Open Access [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_OpenAccessMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">9350000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other (Research segment) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-STM and Professional and Education Publishing [Member]-Research segment [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]-Research segment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing [Member]-Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">20827000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-STM and Professional and Education Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Research segment [Member]-Online Program Management (Deltak) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Online Program Management (Deltak) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">59037000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Test Preparation and Certification [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Professional Assessment [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">33067000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Corporate Learning [Member]-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CorporateLearningMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Online Program Management (Deltak) [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">56074000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other (Research segment) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">81237000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Test Preparation and Certification [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Journal Revenue [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_JournalRevenueMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">170163000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Professional Assessment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_ProfessionalAssessmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">33067000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Journal Revenue [Member]-Solutions [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_JournalRevenueMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Publishing [Member]-Online Program Management (Deltak) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Journal Revenue [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_JournalRevenueMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">338488000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing [Member]-Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Test Preparation and Certification [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">19783000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Test Preparation and Certification [Member]-Research segment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other (Research segment) [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Research segment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">81237000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-STM and Professional and Education Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Course Workflow Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">18429000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Corporate Learning [Member]-Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CorporateLearningMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Research segment [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Course Workflow Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Research segment [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Journal Revenue [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_JournalRevenueMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">163751000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Professional Assessment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_ProfessionalAssessmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">30708000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Solutions [Member]-Education Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_EducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Education Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_EducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Professional Assessment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_ProfessionalAssessmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">17268000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Course Workflow Solutions [Member]-Research segment [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other (Research segment) [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Research segment [Member]-Open Access [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OpenAccessMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">9350000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Test Preparation and Certification [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">8377000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Open Access [Member]-Solutions [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OpenAccessMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Open Access [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OpenAccessMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-STM and Professional and Education Publishing [Member]-Research segment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Test Preparation and Certification [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Research segment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Solutions [Member]-Professional Assessment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">15821000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]-Research segment [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">16297000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Corporate Learning [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CorporateLearningMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Online Program Management (Deltak) [Member]-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Online Program Management (Deltak) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">29877000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Research segment [Member]-Education Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_EducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Research segment [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Course Workflow Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">17520000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Open Access [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Research segment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OpenAccessMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">13780000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Corporate Learning [Member]-Research segment [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CorporateLearningMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing [Member]-Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">20165000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Open Access [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Research segment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OpenAccessMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">24723000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Professional Assessment [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Research segment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Online Program Management (Deltak) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">29877000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Education Publishing [Member]-Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_EducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">52068000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other (Research segment) [Member]-Research segment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">41329000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Journal Revenue [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_JournalRevenueMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Education Publishing [Member]-Research segment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_EducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Research segment [Member]-Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other (Research segment) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">41749000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-STM and Professional and Education Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Research segment [Member]-Professional Assessment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other (Research segment) [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Online Program Management (Deltak) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">29737000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other (Research segment) [Member]-Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-STM and Professional and Education Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Research segment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Publishing [Member]-Education Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_EducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">90299000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Course Workflow Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">16310000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-STM and Professional and Education Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">132966000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Research segment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">452497000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Course Workflow Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Journal Revenue [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_JournalRevenueMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Professional Assessment [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">17268000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Research segment [Member]-Open Access [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OpenAccessMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">18153000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Online Program Management (Deltak) [Member]-Research segment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Corporate Learning [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CorporateLearningMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">15333000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Professional Assessment [Member]-Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Corporate Learning [Member]-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CorporateLearningMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Test Preparation and Certification [Member]-Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">7919000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">20165000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Education Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_EducationPublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">90299000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Research segment [Member]-Corporate Learning [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CorporateLearningMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-STM and Professional and Education Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">132966000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Test Preparation and Certification [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Open Access [Member]-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OpenAccessMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Research segment [Member]-Professional Assessment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Course Workflow Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">18429000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Education Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_EducationPublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">103447000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Professional Assessment [Member]-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other (Research segment) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">41329000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">11723000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Education Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_EducationPublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">52068000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-STM and Professional and Education Publishing [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Corporate Learning [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_CorporateLearningMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">31362000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Journal Revenue [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_JournalRevenueMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">296263000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing [Member]-STM and Professional and Education Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">71460000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Publishing [Member]-Course Workflow Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">19207000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Research segment [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Journal Revenue [Member]-Research segment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_JournalRevenueMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">329709000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Journal Revenue [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_JournalRevenueMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">329709000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Solutions [Member]-Online Program Management (Deltak) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">29737000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Professional Assessment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">157499000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Publishing [Member]-STM and Professional and Education Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">135060000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Corporate Learning [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_CorporateLearningMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">27633000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Publishing [Member]-Course Workflow Solutions [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">16310000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-STM and Professional and Education Publishing [Member]-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">66902000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Research segment [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">8028000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Open Access [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_OpenAccessMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">13780000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other (Research segment) [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Online Program Management (Deltak) [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Journal Revenue [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_JournalRevenueMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">163751000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other (Research segment) [Member]-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Open Access [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_OpenAccessMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">24723000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-STM and Professional and Education Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">71460000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other (Research segment) [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">41749000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Education Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_EducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">57711000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Corporate Learning [Member]-Research segment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CorporateLearningMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-STM and Professional and Education Publishing [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">135060000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Research segment [Member]-Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">17968000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Test Preparation and Certification [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">19409000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Research segment [Member]-Professional Assessment [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">20827000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-STM and Professional and Education Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Research segment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-Journal Revenue [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_JournalRevenueMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Solutions [Member]-Course Workflow Solutions [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180801to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Course Workflow Solutions [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ProductOrServiceAxis_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">19207000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Operating Segments [Member]-Solutions [Member]-Professional Assessment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170501to20171031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_SolutionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">30708000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Professional Assessment [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20170801to20171031_ProductOrServiceAxis_ProfessionalAssessmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">15821000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Revenue, net-Test Preparation and Certification [Member]-Publishing [Member]-Operating Segments [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax contextRef="c20180501to20181031_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_PublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">19783000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
  <!--Remaining performance obligations-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation contextRef="c20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5">249800000</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation>
  <!--Remaining performance obligations-2018-08-01 [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation contextRef="c20181031_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis_Two0180801Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5">237200000</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation>
  <!--Remaining performance obligations-2019-08-01 [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation contextRef="c20181031_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis_Two0190801Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5">12600000</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation>
  <!--Revenue from Contract with Customer Policy-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerPolicyTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Description of Revenue Generating Activities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We generate our revenues from sales from our three reportable segments. We report our segment information in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 280, &amp;#8220;Segment Reporting&amp;#8221; (&amp;#8220;FASB ASC Topic 280&amp;#8221;).&amp;#160;Our segment reporting structure consists of three reportable segments, which are listed below, and a Corporate category:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Research,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Publishing, and&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Solutions.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Research Segment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Included within the Research segment are the following revenue streams:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Journal Subscriptions,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Open Access,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other, and&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Publishing Technology Services (Atypon).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Journal Subscriptions&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We publish approximately 1,700 academic research journals. We sell journal subscriptions&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;directly through our sales representatives, indirectly through independent subscription agents, through promotional campaigns, and through memberships in professional societies for those journals that are sponsored by societies. Journal subscriptions are primarily licensed through contracts for digital content available online through &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Wiley Online Library. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In March 2018, we migrated our &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Wiley Online Library&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; platform to our &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Literatum &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;platform, which we acquired as part of our purchase of Atypon Systems, Inc. (&lt;/font&gt;&amp;#8220;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Atypon&lt;/font&gt;&amp;#8221;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;) in fiscal year 2017. Contracts are negotiated by us directly with customers or their subscription agents. Subscription periods typically cover calendar years. Print journals are generally mailed to subscribers directly from independent printers.&amp;#160;We do not own or manage printing facilities.&amp;#160;Subscription revenue is generally collected in advance.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In a &lt;/font&gt;typical journal subscription sale, there is a written agreement between us and our customer that cover multiple years.&amp;#160; However, we typically account for these agreements as one-year contracts because our enforceable rights under the agreements are subject to an annual confirmation and negotiation process with the customer.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In journal subscriptions, multiple performance obligations exist, which include a stand-ready promise to provide access to new content for one year and a perpetual license for access to historical journal content. The transaction price consists of fixed consideration.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We allocate revenue to the stand-ready promise to provide access to new content for one year based on its standalone selling price and the revenue for new content is recognized over time as we have a continuous stand-ready obligation to provide the right of access to additional intellectual property. The allocation of revenue to the perpetual licenses for access to historical journal content is done using the expected cost plus a margin approach as permitted by the new revenue standard. Revenue is recognized at the point in time when access to historical content is initially granted.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Open Access&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Under the Author-Funded Access business model, accepted research articles are published subject to payment of Article Publication Charges (&amp;#8220;APC&amp;#8221;). All Author-Funded Access articles are immediately free to access online. Contributors of Author-Funded Access articles retain many rights and typically license their work under terms that permit re-use. Author-Funded Access offers authors choices in how to share and disseminate their work, and it serves the needs of researchers who may be required by their research funder to make articles freely accessible without embargo. APCs are typically paid by the individual author or by the author&amp;#8217;s funder, and payments are often mediated by the author&amp;#8217;s institution. We provide specific workflows and infrastructure to authors, funders and institutions to support the requirements of the Author-Funded Access model.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Customers in open access are typically individual educational institutions or a consortium of universities. Under the Author-Funded Access model, we have a signed contract with the customer that contains enforceable rights.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The Author-Funded Access model in a typical model includes an over-time single performance obligation that combines a promise to host the customer&amp;#8217;s content on our open access platform, and a promise to provide a discount on APCs of eligible users (as defined in the contract) in exchange for an upfront payment. Enforceable right to payment occurs over time as we fulfill our obligation to provide a discount to eligible users, as defined, on future APCs. Therefore, the upfront payment is deferred and recognized over time.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles, and Other includes advertising, backfile sales, the licensing of publishing rights, journal and article reprints, and individual article sales.&amp;#160;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;A backfile&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;license provides access to a historical collection of Wiley journals, generally for a one-time fee.&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Within Licensing, the revenue derived from these contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments, including minimum guarantees and sales- or usage-based royalty agreements. For our sales-or usage-based royalty agreements, we recognize revenue in the period of usage based on the amounts earned. We record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts. We also have certain licenses whereby we receive a non-refundable minimum guarantee against a volume-based royalty throughout the term of the agreement. We recognize revenue for the minimum guarantee on a straight-line basis over the term of the agreement because of the stand-ready promise to provide updates during the subscription period. We recognize volume-based royalty income only when cumulative consideration exceeds the minimum guarantee.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Reprints contracts generally contain a single performance obligation which is the delivery of printed articles. Revenue is recognized at the time of delivery of the printed articles.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;For Backfiles, the performance obligation is the granting of a functional intellectual property license. Revenue is recognized at the time the functional intellectual property license is granted.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Other includes our Article Select offering, whereby we have a single performance obligation to our customers to give access to an article through the purchase of a token. The customer redeems the token for access to the article for a 24-hour period. The customer purchases the tokens with an upfront cash payment. Revenue is recognized when access to the article is provided.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Publishing Technology Services (Atypon)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Atypon is a publishing software and service provider that enables scholarly and professional societies and publishers to deliver, host, enhance, market, and manage their content on the web through the &lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Literatum&lt;/font&gt; platform.&amp;#160;The duration of these contracts is generally multi-year ranging from 2-5 years. Atypon contracts typically include a single performance obligation for the implementation and hosting subscription services. The transaction price is fixed which may include price escalators that are fixed increases per year, and therefore, revenue is recognized upon the initiation of the subscription period and straight-lined over the contract period.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Publishing Segment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Included within the Publishing segment are the following revenue streams:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;STM (Scientific, Technical and Medical) and Professional Publishing,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Education Publishing,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Course Workflow (WileyPLUS),&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Test Preparation and Certification, and&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;STM (Scientific, Technical and Medical) and Professional Publishing and Education Publishing&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;STM books are sold and distributed globally in digital and print formats through multiple channels, including research libraries and library consortia, independent subscription agents, direct sales to professional society members, bookstores, online booksellers, and other customers.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Professional books, which include business and finance, technology, and other professional categories, as well as the &lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;For Dummies &lt;/font&gt;brand, are sold to bookstores and online booksellers serving the general public, wholesalers who supply such bookstores, warehouse clubs, college bookstores, individual practitioners, industrial organizations and government agencies. We employ sales representatives who call upon independent bookstores, national and regional chain bookstores, and wholesalers. Sales of professional books also result from direct mail campaigns, telemarketing, online access, advertising, and reviews in periodicals.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Education textbooks and related supplementary material and digital products are sold primarily to bookstores and online booksellers serving both for-profit and nonprofit educational institutions (primarily colleges and universities), and direct-to-students. We employ sales representatives who call on faculty responsible for selecting books to be used in courses, and on the bookstores that serve such institutions and their students. The textbook business is seasonal, with the majority of textbook sales occurring during the July-through-October and December-through-January periods. Book sales for STM, Professional and Education Publishing are generally made on a returnable basis with certain restrictions.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Our performance obligations as it relates to STM, Professional and Education Publishing are primarily book products delivered in both print and digital form which could include a single or multiple performance obligations based on the number of International Standard Book Number (&amp;#8220;ISBN&amp;#8217;s&amp;#8221;) purchased.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;This revenue stream also includes variable consideration as it relates to discounts and returns for both print and digital books.&amp;#160; Discounts are identifiable by performance obligation and therefore are applied at the point of sale by performance obligation. The process that we use to determine our sales returns and the related reserve provision charged against revenue is based on applying an estimated return rate to current year returnable print book sales. This rate is based upon an analysis of actual historical return experience in the various markets and geographic regions in which we do business. We collect, maintain and analyze significant amounts of sales returns data for large volumes of homogeneous transactions. This allows us to make reasonable estimates of the amount of future returns. All available data is utilized to identify the returns by market and to which fiscal year the sales returns apply. This enables management to track the returns in detail and identify and react to trends occurring in the marketplace, with the objective of being able to make the most informed judgments possible in setting reserve rates. Associated with the estimated sales return reserves, we also include a related reduction in inventory and royalty costs as a result of the expected returns.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;As it relates to print and digital books within the STM, Professional and Education Publishing, revenue is recognized at the point when control of product transfers, which for print is upon shipment or for digital when fulfillment of the products has been rendered.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Course Workflow (WileyPLUS)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We offer high-quality online learning solutions, including WileyPLUS, a research-based, online environment for effective teaching and learning that is integrated with a complete digital textbook. Course Workflow customers purchase access codes to utilize the product.&amp;#160; This could include a single or multiple performance obligations based on the number of course ISBN&amp;#8217;s purchased. Revenue is recognized from the point in time when the access codes are activated and then over the applicable semester term such product relates to.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Test Preparation and Certification&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The Test Preparation and Certification business represents learning solutions and training activities that are delivered to customers directly through online digital delivery platforms.&amp;#160;Products include CPAExcel, a modular, digital platform comprised of online self-study, videos, mobile apps, and sophisticated planning tools to help professionals prepare for the CPA exam, and test preparation products for the CFA&amp;#174;, CMA, CIA&amp;#174;, CMT&amp;#174;, FRN&amp;#174;, FINRA, Banking, and PMP&amp;#174; exams.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Test Preparation and Certification contracts are generally three-year agreements. This revenue stream includes multiple performance obligations as it relates to the on-line and printed course materials, including such items as text books, e-books, video lectures, flashcards, study guides and test banks. The transaction price is fixed, however, discounts are offered and returns of certain products are allowed. We allocate revenue to each performance obligation based on its standalone selling price.&amp;#160; Depending on the performance obligation, revenue is recognized at the time the product is delivered and control has passed to the customer or over time due to our stand-ready obligation to provide updates to the customer.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Licensing and distribution services are made available to other publishers under agency arrangements. We also engage in co-publishing titles with international publishers and receive licensing revenue from photocopies, reproductions, translations, and digital uses of our content. Wiley also realizes advertising revenue from branded Web sites (e.g., Dummies.com, etc.) and online applications. Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other contracts are generally multi-year agreements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Revenue derived from our licensing contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments and sales- or usage-based royalties. Revenue for advance payments is recognized at the point in time that the functional intellectual property license is granted. For sales- or usage- based royalties, we record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Solutions Segment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Included within the Solutions segment are the following revenue streams:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Education Services (OPM),&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Professional Assessment, and&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Corporate Learning.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Education Services (OPM)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;As student demand for online degree and certificate programs continues to increase, traditional institutions are partnering with &lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Online Program Management (&amp;#8220;&lt;/font&gt;OPM&amp;#8221;) providers to develop and support these programs. Education Services (OPM) include market research, marketing, student recruitment, enrollment support, proactive retention support, academic services to design courses, faculty support, and access to the Engage Learning Management System, which facilitates the online education experience. Revenue is derived from pre-negotiated contracts with institutions that provide for a share of tuition generated from students who enroll in a program. The duration of Education Services (OPM) contracts are generally multi-year agreements ranging from a period of 7-10 years, with some having optional renewal periods.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Education Services (OPM) includes a single performance obligation for the services provided because of the integrated technology and services our institutional clients need to attract, enroll, educate and support students. Consideration is variable since it is based on the number of students enrolled in a program. We begin to recognize revenue at the start of the delivery of the class within a semester, which is also the point at which the variable consideration contingency is resolved.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Professional Assessment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Our Professional Assessment services include pre-hire screening and post-hire personality assessments, which are delivered to business customers through online digital delivery platforms, either directly or through an authorized distributor network of independent consultants, trainers, and coaches. Professional Assessment services contracts are generally one year.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Professional Assessment includes a performance obligation to stand ready to provide assessments to our distributor&amp;#8217;s customers or to provide assessments direct to a customer. Revenue for Professional Assessments is recognized at the time the product or service is provided or delivered. Consideration is allocated to assessments based on standalone selling prices. In addition, as it relates to Professional Assessments customers' unexercised rights for situations where we have received a nonrefundable payment for a customer to receive a good or service and the customer is not expected to exercise such right, we will recognize such &amp;#8220;breakage&amp;#8221; amounts as revenue in proportion to the pattern of rights exercised by the customer.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Corporate Learning&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The Corporate Learning business offers online learning and training solutions for global corporations, universities, and small and medium-sized enterprises, which are sold on a subscription or fee basis. Learning formats and modules on topics such as leadership development, value creation, client orientation, change management and corporate strategy are delivered on a cloud-based Learning Management System (&amp;#8220;LMS&amp;#8221;) platform that hosts over 20,000 content assets (videos, digital learning modules, written files, etc.) in 17 languages. Its Mohive offering also provides a collaborative e-learning publishing and program creation system.&amp;#160;Revenue growth is derived from legacy markets, such as France, England, and other European markets, and newer markets, such as the U.S. and Brazil. In addition, content and LMS offerings are continuously refreshed and expanded to serve a wider variety of customer needs. &lt;/font&gt;These digital learning solutions are sold directly to corporate customers either direct or through our partners. Corporate Learning contracts are generally multi-year agreements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The transaction price consists of fixed consideration that is determined at the beginning of each year and received at the same time. Within Corporate Learning there are multiple performance obligations which includes the licenses to learning content and the learning application. Revenue is recognized over time as we have a continuous obligation to provide the right of access to the intellectual property which includes the licenses and learning applications.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerPolicyTextBlock>
  <!--Revenue from Contract with Customer [Text Block]-->
  <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 3 &lt;/font&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized using a five-step model consisting of the following: (1) identify the contract with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy a performance obligation. Performance obligations are satisfied when we transfer control of a good or service to a customer, which can occur over time or at a point in time. The amount of revenue recognized is based on the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services, including the expected value of variable consideration. The customer&amp;#8217;s ability and intent to pay the transaction price is assessed in determining whether a contract exists with the customer. If collectability of substantially all the consideration in a contract is not probable, consideration received is not recognized as revenue unless the consideration is nonrefundable, and we no longer have an obligation to transfer additional goods or services to the customer or collectability becomes probable.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Disaggregation of Revenue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following tables present our revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="30" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended October 31,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="14" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="14" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Research&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Publishing&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Solutions&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Research&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Publishing&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Solutions&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Research:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Journals Subscriptions&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; 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vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;27,633&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;27,633&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;453,637&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;282,420&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;123,466&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;859,523&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;452,497&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;296,263&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;114,415&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;863,175&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Description of Revenue Generating Activities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We generate our revenues from sales from our three reportable segments. We report our segment information in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 280, &amp;#8220;Segment Reporting&amp;#8221; (&amp;#8220;FASB ASC Topic 280&amp;#8221;).&amp;#160;Our segment reporting structure consists of three reportable segments, which are listed below, and a Corporate category:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Research,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Publishing, and&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Solutions.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Research Segment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Included within the Research segment are the following revenue streams:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Journal Subscriptions,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Open Access,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other, and&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Publishing Technology Services (Atypon).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Journal Subscriptions&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We publish approximately 1,700 academic research journals. We sell journal subscriptions&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;directly through our sales representatives, indirectly through independent subscription agents, through promotional campaigns, and through memberships in professional societies for those journals that are sponsored by societies. Journal subscriptions are primarily licensed through contracts for digital content available online through &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Wiley Online Library. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In March 2018, we migrated our &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Wiley Online Library&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; platform to our &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Literatum &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;platform, which we acquired as part of our purchase of Atypon Systems, Inc. (&lt;/font&gt;&amp;#8220;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Atypon&lt;/font&gt;&amp;#8221;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;) in fiscal year 2017. Contracts are negotiated by us directly with customers or their subscription agents. Subscription periods typically cover calendar years. Print journals are generally mailed to subscribers directly from independent printers.&amp;#160;We do not own or manage printing facilities.&amp;#160;Subscription revenue is generally collected in advance.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In a &lt;/font&gt;typical journal subscription sale, there is a written agreement between us and our customer that cover multiple years.&amp;#160; However, we typically account for these agreements as one-year contracts because our enforceable rights under the agreements are subject to an annual confirmation and negotiation process with the customer.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In journal subscriptions, multiple performance obligations exist, which include a stand-ready promise to provide access to new content for one year and a perpetual license for access to historical journal content. The transaction price consists of fixed consideration.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We allocate revenue to the stand-ready promise to provide access to new content for one year based on its standalone selling price and the revenue for new content is recognized over time as we have a continuous stand-ready obligation to provide the right of access to additional intellectual property. The allocation of revenue to the perpetual licenses for access to historical journal content is done using the expected cost plus a margin approach as permitted by the new revenue standard. Revenue is recognized at the point in time when access to historical content is initially granted.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Open Access&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Under the Author-Funded Access business model, accepted research articles are published subject to payment of Article Publication Charges (&amp;#8220;APC&amp;#8221;). All Author-Funded Access articles are immediately free to access online. Contributors of Author-Funded Access articles retain many rights and typically license their work under terms that permit re-use. Author-Funded Access offers authors choices in how to share and disseminate their work, and it serves the needs of researchers who may be required by their research funder to make articles freely accessible without embargo. APCs are typically paid by the individual author or by the author&amp;#8217;s funder, and payments are often mediated by the author&amp;#8217;s institution. We provide specific workflows and infrastructure to authors, funders and institutions to support the requirements of the Author-Funded Access model.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Customers in open access are typically individual educational institutions or a consortium of universities. Under the Author-Funded Access model, we have a signed contract with the customer that contains enforceable rights.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The Author-Funded Access model in a typical model includes an over-time single performance obligation that combines a promise to host the customer&amp;#8217;s content on our open access platform, and a promise to provide a discount on APCs of eligible users (as defined in the contract) in exchange for an upfront payment. Enforceable right to payment occurs over time as we fulfill our obligation to provide a discount to eligible users, as defined, on future APCs. Therefore, the upfront payment is deferred and recognized over time.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles, and Other includes advertising, backfile sales, the licensing of publishing rights, journal and article reprints, and individual article sales.&amp;#160;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;A backfile&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;license provides access to a historical collection of Wiley journals, generally for a one-time fee.&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Within Licensing, the revenue derived from these contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments, including minimum guarantees and sales- or usage-based royalty agreements. For our sales-or usage-based royalty agreements, we recognize revenue in the period of usage based on the amounts earned. We record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts. We also have certain licenses whereby we receive a non-refundable minimum guarantee against a volume-based royalty throughout the term of the agreement. We recognize revenue for the minimum guarantee on a straight-line basis over the term of the agreement because of the stand-ready promise to provide updates during the subscription period. We recognize volume-based royalty income only when cumulative consideration exceeds the minimum guarantee.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Reprints contracts generally contain a single performance obligation which is the delivery of printed articles. Revenue is recognized at the time of delivery of the printed articles.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;For Backfiles, the performance obligation is the granting of a functional intellectual property license. Revenue is recognized at the time the functional intellectual property license is granted.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Other includes our Article Select offering, whereby we have a single performance obligation to our customers to give access to an article through the purchase of a token. The customer redeems the token for access to the article for a 24-hour period. The customer purchases the tokens with an upfront cash payment. Revenue is recognized when access to the article is provided.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Publishing Technology Services (Atypon)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Atypon is a publishing software and service provider that enables scholarly and professional societies and publishers to deliver, host, enhance, market, and manage their content on the web through the &lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Literatum&lt;/font&gt; platform.&amp;#160;The duration of these contracts is generally multi-year ranging from 2-5 years. Atypon contracts typically include a single performance obligation for the implementation and hosting subscription services. The transaction price is fixed which may include price escalators that are fixed increases per year, and therefore, revenue is recognized upon the initiation of the subscription period and straight-lined over the contract period.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Publishing Segment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Included within the Publishing segment are the following revenue streams:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;STM (Scientific, Technical and Medical) and Professional Publishing,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Education Publishing,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Course Workflow (WileyPLUS),&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Test Preparation and Certification, and&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;STM (Scientific, Technical and Medical) and Professional Publishing and Education Publishing&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;STM books are sold and distributed globally in digital and print formats through multiple channels, including research libraries and library consortia, independent subscription agents, direct sales to professional society members, bookstores, online booksellers, and other customers.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Professional books, which include business and finance, technology, and other professional categories, as well as the &lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;For Dummies &lt;/font&gt;brand, are sold to bookstores and online booksellers serving the general public, wholesalers who supply such bookstores, warehouse clubs, college bookstores, individual practitioners, industrial organizations and government agencies. We employ sales representatives who call upon independent bookstores, national and regional chain bookstores, and wholesalers. Sales of professional books also result from direct mail campaigns, telemarketing, online access, advertising, and reviews in periodicals.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Education textbooks and related supplementary material and digital products are sold primarily to bookstores and online booksellers serving both for-profit and nonprofit educational institutions (primarily colleges and universities), and direct-to-students. We employ sales representatives who call on faculty responsible for selecting books to be used in courses, and on the bookstores that serve such institutions and their students. The textbook business is seasonal, with the majority of textbook sales occurring during the July-through-October and December-through-January periods. Book sales for STM, Professional and Education Publishing are generally made on a returnable basis with certain restrictions.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Our performance obligations as it relates to STM, Professional and Education Publishing are primarily book products delivered in both print and digital form which could include a single or multiple performance obligations based on the number of International Standard Book Number (&amp;#8220;ISBN&amp;#8217;s&amp;#8221;) purchased.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;This revenue stream also includes variable consideration as it relates to discounts and returns for both print and digital books.&amp;#160; Discounts are identifiable by performance obligation and therefore are applied at the point of sale by performance obligation. The process that we use to determine our sales returns and the related reserve provision charged against revenue is based on applying an estimated return rate to current year returnable print book sales. This rate is based upon an analysis of actual historical return experience in the various markets and geographic regions in which we do business. We collect, maintain and analyze significant amounts of sales returns data for large volumes of homogeneous transactions. This allows us to make reasonable estimates of the amount of future returns. All available data is utilized to identify the returns by market and to which fiscal year the sales returns apply. This enables management to track the returns in detail and identify and react to trends occurring in the marketplace, with the objective of being able to make the most informed judgments possible in setting reserve rates. Associated with the estimated sales return reserves, we also include a related reduction in inventory and royalty costs as a result of the expected returns.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;As it relates to print and digital books within the STM, Professional and Education Publishing, revenue is recognized at the point when control of product transfers, which for print is upon shipment or for digital when fulfillment of the products has been rendered.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Course Workflow (WileyPLUS)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We offer high-quality online learning solutions, including WileyPLUS, a research-based, online environment for effective teaching and learning that is integrated with a complete digital textbook. Course Workflow customers purchase access codes to utilize the product.&amp;#160; This could include a single or multiple performance obligations based on the number of course ISBN&amp;#8217;s purchased. Revenue is recognized from the point in time when the access codes are activated and then over the applicable semester term such product relates to.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Test Preparation and Certification&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The Test Preparation and Certification business represents learning solutions and training activities that are delivered to customers directly through online digital delivery platforms.&amp;#160;Products include CPAExcel, a modular, digital platform comprised of online self-study, videos, mobile apps, and sophisticated planning tools to help professionals prepare for the CPA exam, and test preparation products for the CFA&amp;#174;, CMA, CIA&amp;#174;, CMT&amp;#174;, FRN&amp;#174;, FINRA, Banking, and PMP&amp;#174; exams.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Test Preparation and Certification contracts are generally three-year agreements. This revenue stream includes multiple performance obligations as it relates to the on-line and printed course materials, including such items as text books, e-books, video lectures, flashcards, study guides and test banks. The transaction price is fixed, however, discounts are offered and returns of certain products are allowed. We allocate revenue to each performance obligation based on its standalone selling price.&amp;#160; Depending on the performance obligation, revenue is recognized at the time the product is delivered and control has passed to the customer or over time due to our stand-ready obligation to provide updates to the customer.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Licensing and distribution services are made available to other publishers under agency arrangements. We also engage in co-publishing titles with international publishers and receive licensing revenue from photocopies, reproductions, translations, and digital uses of our content. Wiley also realizes advertising revenue from branded Web sites (e.g., Dummies.com, etc.) and online applications. Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other contracts are generally multi-year agreements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Revenue derived from our licensing contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments and sales- or usage-based royalties. Revenue for advance payments is recognized at the point in time that the functional intellectual property license is granted. For sales- or usage- based royalties, we record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Solutions Segment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Included within the Solutions segment are the following revenue streams:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Education Services (OPM),&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Professional Assessment, and&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Corporate Learning.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Education Services (OPM)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;As student demand for online degree and certificate programs continues to increase, traditional institutions are partnering with &lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Online Program Management (&amp;#8220;&lt;/font&gt;OPM&amp;#8221;) providers to develop and support these programs. Education Services (OPM) include market research, marketing, student recruitment, enrollment support, proactive retention support, academic services to design courses, faculty support, and access to the Engage Learning Management System, which facilitates the online education experience. Revenue is derived from pre-negotiated contracts with institutions that provide for a share of tuition generated from students who enroll in a program. The duration of Education Services (OPM) contracts are generally multi-year agreements ranging from a period of 7-10 years, with some having optional renewal periods.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Education Services (OPM) includes a single performance obligation for the services provided because of the integrated technology and services our institutional clients need to attract, enroll, educate and support students. Consideration is variable since it is based on the number of students enrolled in a program. We begin to recognize revenue at the start of the delivery of the class within a semester, which is also the point at which the variable consideration contingency is resolved.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Professional Assessment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Our Professional Assessment services include pre-hire screening and post-hire personality assessments, which are delivered to business customers through online digital delivery platforms, either directly or through an authorized distributor network of independent consultants, trainers, and coaches. Professional Assessment services contracts are generally one year.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Professional Assessment includes a performance obligation to stand ready to provide assessments to our distributor&amp;#8217;s customers or to provide assessments direct to a customer. Revenue for Professional Assessments is recognized at the time the product or service is provided or delivered. Consideration is allocated to assessments based on standalone selling prices. In addition, as it relates to Professional Assessments customers' unexercised rights for situations where we have received a nonrefundable payment for a customer to receive a good or service and the customer is not expected to exercise such right, we will recognize such &amp;#8220;breakage&amp;#8221; amounts as revenue in proportion to the pattern of rights exercised by the customer.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Corporate Learning&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The Corporate Learning business offers online learning and training solutions for global corporations, universities, and small and medium-sized enterprises, which are sold on a subscription or fee basis. Learning formats and modules on topics such as leadership development, value creation, client orientation, change management and corporate strategy are delivered on a cloud-based Learning Management System (&amp;#8220;LMS&amp;#8221;) platform that hosts over 20,000 content assets (videos, digital learning modules, written files, etc.) in 17 languages. Its Mohive offering also provides a collaborative e-learning publishing and program creation system.&amp;#160;Revenue growth is derived from legacy markets, such as France, England, and other European markets, and newer markets, such as the U.S. and Brazil. In addition, content and LMS offerings are continuously refreshed and expanded to serve a wider variety of customer needs. &lt;/font&gt;These digital learning solutions are sold directly to corporate customers either direct or through our partners. Corporate Learning contracts are generally multi-year agreements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The transaction price consists of fixed consideration that is determined at the beginning of each year and received at the same time. Within Corporate Learning there are multiple performance obligations which includes the licenses to learning content and the learning application. Revenue is recognized over time as we have a continuous obligation to provide the right of access to the intellectual property which includes the licenses and learning applications.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Accounts Receivable, net and Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue) Balances&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;When consideration is received, or such consideration is unconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services to the customer under the terms of a contract, a contract liability is recorded. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue when, or as, control of the products or services are transferred to the customer and all revenue recognition criteria have been met.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table provides information about receivables and contract liabilities from contracts with customers.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2018 &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Increase/&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(Decrease)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Balances from contracts with customers:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 17.75pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Accounts receivable, net &lt;sup&gt;(2)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;236,207&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;212,377&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;23,830&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 17.75pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Contract liability (Deferred revenue) &lt;sup&gt;(2)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;237,184&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;486,353&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(249,169&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Contract liability (Deferred revenue) (included in Other Long-Term Liabilities)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;12,568&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;12,568&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -27.1pt; margin-left: 27.1pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1) &lt;/sup&gt;As noted above, prior period amounts have not been adjusted under the modified retrospective method.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -8.85pt; margin-left: 8.85pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(2) &lt;/sup&gt;Due to the adoption of the new revenue standard, the sales return reserve as of October 31, 2018 of $31.1 million is recorded in Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue). In prior periods, it was recorded as a reduction to Accounts Receivable, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Revenue recognized for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018 relating to the contract liability at April 30, 2018 was $190.5 million and $386.8 million, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Remaining Performance Obligations included in Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;As of October 31, 2018, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations is approximately $249.8 million. We expect that approximately $237.2 million will be recognized in the next twelve months with the remaining $12.6 million to be recognized thereafter.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"&gt;Assets Recognized for the Costs to Fulfill a Contract&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Costs to fulfill a contract are directly related to a contract that will be used to satisfy a performance obligation in the future and are expected to be recovered. These types of costs are incurred in the following revenue streams, (1) &lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) and (2) Education Services (OPM).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Our assets associated with incremental costs to fulfill a contract were $6.6 million at October 31, 2018 and are included within Other Non-Current Assets on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. We recorded amortization expense of $0.4 million and $1.2 million during the three and six months ended October 31, 2018 related to these assets within Cost of Sales on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, respectively. The costs related to Education Services (OPM) were previously included in Product Development Assets on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. Certain costs related to &lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) were previously included in &lt;/font&gt;Technology, Property and Equipment, net on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Sales and value-added taxes are excluded from revenues. Shipping and handling costs, which are primarily incurred within the Publishing segment, occur before the transfer of control of the related goods. Therefore, in accordance with the new revenue standard, it is not considered a promised service to the customer and would be considered a cost to fulfill our promise to transfer the goods. Costs incurred for third party shipping and handling are reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. We incurred $8.6 million and $16.5 million in shipping and handling costs in the three and six months ended October 31, 2018, respectively. We incurred $8.8 million and $16.6 million in shipping and handling costs in the three and six months ended October 31, 2017, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock>
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  <!--Inventories-->
  <us-gaap:ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Inventories were as follows:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Finished goods&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;32,388&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; 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vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2,473&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;2,139&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; 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background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;35,302&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;39,192&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Inventory value of estimated sales returns&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; 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width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;4,626&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;LIFO reserve&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(4,479&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; 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vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;35,084&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;39,489&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock>
  <!--Components of Net Periodic Pension Expense (Income) for Defined Benefit Plans-->
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font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Six Months Ended&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; 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width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;462&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; 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vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;12,381&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;12,598&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Expected return on plan assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(9,720&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(9,782&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(19,622&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(19,439&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Net amortization of prior service cost&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(24&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(23&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(48&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(48&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Unrecognized net actuarial loss&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;1,474&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; 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vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;3,035&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Net pension income&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(1,872&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(1,683&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(3,919&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(3,382&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfNetBenefitCostsTableTextBlock>
  <!--Reconciliation of Shares used in Computation of Earnings Per Share-->
  <us-gaap:ScheduleOfWeightedAverageNumberOfSharesTableTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;A reconciliation of the shares used in the computation of earnings per share follows:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 53.93%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="5" style="width: 22.19%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="5" style="width: 22.21%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Six Months Ended&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 53.93%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" style="width: 10.26%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" style="width: 10.26%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" style="width: 10.26%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" style="width: 10.28%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 53.93%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Weighted average shares outstanding&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;57,426&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;57,013&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;57,451&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.61%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;57,100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 53.93%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Less: Unvested restricted shares&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(47)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(138)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(59)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.61%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(152)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 53.93%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Shares used for basic earnings per share&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;57,379&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;56,875&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;57,392&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.61%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;56,948&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 53.93%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Dilutive effect of stock options and other stock awards&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;491&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;679&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;563&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.61%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;685&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 53.93%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Shares used for diluted earnings per share&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;57,870&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;57,554&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;57,955&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8.61%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;57,633&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfWeightedAverageNumberOfSharesTableTextBlock>
  <!--Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Table Text Block]-->
  <us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by component, net of tax, for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017 were as follows:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Currency Translation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Unamortized&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Retirement Costs&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Interest&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Rate Swaps&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(291,898&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(182,215&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2,367&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(471,746&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(20,424&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;3,273&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;543&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(16,608&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;1,114&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(1,324&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(210&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total other comprehensive (loss) income&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(20,424&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;4,387&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(781&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(16,818&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at October 31, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(312,322&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(177,828&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;1,586&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(488,564&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at April 30, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(251,573&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(191,026&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;3,019&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(439,580&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(60,749&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;10,993&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;613&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(49,143&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;2,205&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(2,046&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;159&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total other comprehensive income (loss)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(60,749&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;13,198&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(1,433&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(48,984&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at October 31, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(312,322&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(177,828&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;1,586&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(488,564&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Currency Translation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Unamortized&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Retirement Costs&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; 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width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(291,807&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; 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width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(1,673&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;238&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;4,201&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;1,094&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;169&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;1,263&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total other comprehensive income (loss)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;5,636&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(579&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;407&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;5,464&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at October 31, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(286,171&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; 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width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at April 30, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(319,212&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(190,502&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2,427&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(507,287&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;33,041&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(4,690&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(194&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;28,157&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;2,164&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;240&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;2,404&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total other comprehensive income (loss)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;33,041&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(2,526&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;46&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;30,561&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at October 31, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(286,171&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(193,028&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2,473&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(476,726&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock>
  <!--Reconciliation of Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash-->
  <us-gaap:ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash. ASU 2016-18 requires that entities include restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents with cash and cash equivalents in the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the Statement of Cash Flows. We adopted ASU 2016-18 on May 1, 2018. Retrospective transition method is to be applied to each period presented. As a result of this retrospective adoption, the reclassification of restricted cash into a change in total cash resulted in a reduction in Cash Used in Operating Activities of $0.5 million for the six months ended October 31, 2017. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Balance at the Beginning of Period&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Cash and cash equivalents&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;169,773&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;58,516&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Restricted cash included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;484&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;170,257&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;58,516&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Balance at the End of Period&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Cash and cash equivalents&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;115,603&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;72,871&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Restricted cash included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;484&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;546&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;116,087&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;73,417&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock>
  <!--Activity in Goodwill by Segment-->
  <us-gaap:ScheduleOfGoodwillTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Goodwill&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The following table summarizes the activity in goodwill by segment as of October 31, 2018:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Translation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adjustment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Research&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;463,419&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(25,832&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;437,587&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Publishing&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;283,851&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(726&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;283,125&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Solutions&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;272,531&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(6,995&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;265,536&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;1,019,801&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(33,553&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;986,248&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The April 30, 2018 goodwill balances for Publishing and Solutions have been revised to reflect foreign translation adjustments of $11.6 million.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfGoodwillTextBlock>
  <!--Segment Information-->
  <us-gaap:ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Segment information is as follows:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Six Months Ended&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2017 &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2017 &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Revenue:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; 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vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;123,466&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; 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width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(88,974&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Operating Income &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;57,475&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;80,788&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;93,615&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;93,358&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Due to the retrospective adoption of ASU 2017-07, total net benefits of $2.0 million and $3.9 million related to the non-service components of defined benefit and other post-employment benefit plans were reclassified from Operating and Administrative Expenses to Interest Income and Other for the three and six months ended October 31, 2017, respectively. Refer to Note 2, "Recent Accounting Standards," in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information. The impact of the reclassification on Contribution to Profit by segment for the three months ended October 31, 2017 was $1.0 million in Research, $0.6 million in Publishing, and $0.4 million in Corporate expenses. The impact of the reclassification on Contribution to Profit by segment for the six months ended October 31, 2017 was $2.0 million in Research, $1.1 million in Publishing, and $0.8 million in Corporate expenses.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock>
  <!--Schedule of Restructuring Reserve by Type of Cost [Table Text Block]-->
  <us-gaap:ScheduleOfRestructuringReserveByTypeOfCostTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table summarizes the activity for the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability for the six months ended October 31, 2018:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Charges&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Payments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Translation &amp;amp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Reclassifications&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Severance&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;17,279&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;2,894&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(8,295&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(446&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;11,432&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Process Reengineering Consulting&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;225&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(175&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;50&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Other Activities&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;2,772&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; 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  <!--Pre-tax Restructuring (Credits) Charges-->
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font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Six Months Ended&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; 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text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;170,420&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfRestructuringAndRelatedCostsTextBlock>
  <!--Segment Reporting Disclosure [Text Block]-->
  <us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 8 &lt;/font&gt;&amp;#8212;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Segment Information&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We report our segment information in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 280.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Segment information is as follows:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Six Months Ended&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2017 &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2017 &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Revenue:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Research&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;228,645&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;228,870&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;453,637&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;452,497&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Publishing&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;157,499&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;164,985&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;282,420&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;296,263&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Solutions&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;62,478&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;57,876&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;123,466&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;114,415&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total Revenue&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;448,622&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;451,731&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; 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background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;93,358&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Due to the retrospective adoption of ASU 2017-07, total net benefits of $2.0 million and $3.9 million related to the non-service components of defined benefit and other post-employment benefit plans were reclassified from Operating and Administrative Expenses to Interest Income and Other for the three and six months ended October 31, 2017, respectively. Refer to Note 2, "Recent Accounting Standards," in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information. The impact of the reclassification on Contribution to Profit by segment for the three months ended October 31, 2017 was $1.0 million in Research, $0.6 million in Publishing, and $0.4 million in Corporate expenses. The impact of the reclassification on Contribution to Profit by segment for the six months ended October 31, 2017 was $2.0 million in Research, $1.1 million in Publishing, and $0.8 million in Corporate expenses.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock>
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  <us-gaap:TreasuryStockValue contextRef="c20180430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">694222000</us-gaap:TreasuryStockValue>
  <!--Treasury Stock, Value-->
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  <us-gaap:TreasuryStockShares contextRef="c20180430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="INF">3917574</us-gaap:TreasuryStockShares>
  <!--Treasury Stock, Shares-Common Stock Class A [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:TreasuryStockShares contextRef="c20180430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="INF">21853257</us-gaap:TreasuryStockShares>
  <!--Treasury Stock, Shares-Common Stock Class B [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:TreasuryStockShares contextRef="c20181031_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="INF">3917574</us-gaap:TreasuryStockShares>
  <!--Treasury Stock, Shares-Common Stock Class A [Member]-->
  <us-gaap:TreasuryStockShares contextRef="c20181031_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="INF">22000203</us-gaap:TreasuryStockShares>
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  <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic contextRef="c20180801to20181031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3">57379000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic>
  <!--Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Basic-->
  <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3">57392000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic>
  <!--Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Basic-->
  <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic contextRef="c20170801to20171031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3">56875000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic>
  <!--Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Basic-->
  <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic contextRef="c20170501to20171031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3">56948000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic>
  <!--Weighted Average Number of Shares, Restricted Stock-->
  <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock contextRef="c20170801to20171031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3">138000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock>
  <!--Weighted Average Number of Shares, Restricted Stock-->
  <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock contextRef="c20170501to20171031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3">152000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock>
  <!--Weighted Average Number of Shares, Restricted Stock-->
  <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3">59000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock>
  <!--Weighted Average Number of Shares, Restricted Stock-->
  <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock contextRef="c20180801to20181031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3">47000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock>
  <!--Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Diluted-->
  <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding contextRef="c20170801to20171031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3">57554000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding>
  <!--Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Diluted-->
  <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding contextRef="c20170501to20171031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3">57633000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding>
  <!--Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Diluted-->
  <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding contextRef="c20180801to20181031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3">57870000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding>
  <!--Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Diluted-->
  <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3">57955000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding>
  <!--Weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)-->
  <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic contextRef="c20170501to20171031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3">57100000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic>
  <!--Weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)-->
  <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic contextRef="c20170801to20171031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3">57013000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic>
  <!--Weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)-->
  <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic contextRef="c20180501to20181031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3">57451000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic>
  <!--Weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)-->
  <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic contextRef="c20180801to20181031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3">57426000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic>
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  <jwa:AccountsReceivableNetOfDeferredRevenueChangeDueToImplementingNewAccountingStandards contextRef="c20181031_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_AccountingStandardsUpdate201409Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5">5800000</jwa:AccountsReceivableNetOfDeferredRevenueChangeDueToImplementingNewAccountingStandards>
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  <jwa:AccountsReceivableNetOfDeferredRevenueChangeDueToImplementingNewAccountingStandards contextRef="c20180430_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_AccountingStandardsUpdate201409Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5">59500000</jwa:AccountsReceivableNetOfDeferredRevenueChangeDueToImplementingNewAccountingStandards>
  <!--Product Development Assets-->
  <jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssets contextRef="c20180430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">78814000</jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssets>
  <!--Product Development Assets-->
  <jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssets contextRef="c20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">64716000</jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssets>
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  <jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssets contextRef="c20180430_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_AccountingStandardsUpdate201409Member_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionAxis_DifferenceBetweenRevenueGuidanceInEffectBeforeAndAfterTopic606Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">-3725000</jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssets>
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  <jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment contextRef="c20181031_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">130460000</jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment>
  <!--Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets (Excluding Goodwill), Net of Accumulated Impairment-Content and Publishing Rights [Member]-->
  <jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment contextRef="c20180430_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">94238000</jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment>
  <!--Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets (Excluding Goodwill), Net of Accumulated Impairment-Trademarks and Trade Names [Member]-->
  <jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment contextRef="c20180430_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">138589000</jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment>
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  <!--Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets (Excluding Goodwill), Net of Accumulated Impairment-->
  <jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment contextRef="c20180430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">232827000</jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment>
  <!--Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets (Excluding Goodwill), Net of Accumulated Impairment-->
  <jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment contextRef="c20181031" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3">218595000</jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment>
  <!--Schedule of Intangible Assets [Table Text Block]-->
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border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;October 31, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Intangible Assets with Determinable Lives, net:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Content and Publishing Rights&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;401,341&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;436,760&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Customer Relationships&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;152,803&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;161,729&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Brands and Trademarks&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;14,340&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;16,100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Covenants not to Compete&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;550&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;655&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;569,034&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;615,244&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Intangible Assets with Indefinite Lives:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Brands and Trademarks&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;130,460&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;138,589&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Content and Publishing Rights&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;88,135&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;94,238&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;218,595&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;232,827&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Total Intangible Assets, Net&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;787,629&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;848,071&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</jwa:ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock>
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  <!--Effective Tax Rate, Excluding Impact of Non-recurring Items from the Tax Act and Foreign Court Decision and Tax Rate Change-->
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  <!--Recently Adopted Accounting Standards [Policy Text Block]-->
  <jwa:RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock contextRef="c20180501to20181031">&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Recently Adopted Accounting Standards&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In May 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (&amp;#8220;FASB&amp;#8221;) issued ASU 2017-09, &amp;#8220;Compensation&amp;#8212;Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting,&amp;#8221; which clarifies when changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting. Under the new guidance, modification accounting is only required if the fair value, vesting conditions or classification (equity or liability) of the new award are different from the original award immediately before the original award is modified. We adopted ASU 2017-09 on May 1, 2018 and there was no impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements. The new guidance must be applied prospectively to awards modified on or after the adoption date. The future impact of ASU 2017-09 will be dependent on the nature of future stock award modifications.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, &amp;#8220;Compensation&amp;#8212;Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost.&amp;#8221; The guidance requires that the service cost component of net pension and postretirement benefit costs be reported in the same line item as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period, while the other components of net benefit costs must be reported separately from the service cost component and below operating income. The guidance also allows only the service cost component to be eligible for capitalization when applicable. We adopted ASU 2017-07 on May 1, 2018. The new guidance must be applied retrospectively for the presentation of net benefit costs in the income statement and prospectively for the capitalization of the service cost component of net benefit costs.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The effect of retrospectively adopting this guidance resulted in a reclassification of net benefits of $2.0 million and $3.9 million from Operating and Administrative Expenses to Interest and Other Income on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three and six months ended October 31, 2017, respectively. The amount included in Interest and Other Income on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018 was a net benefit of $2.1 million and $4.5 million, respectively. We do not capitalize any service costs.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, &amp;#8220;Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business&amp;#8221;, which clarifies the definition of a business in order to allow for the evaluation of whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions or disposals of assets or business. We adopted ASU 2017-01 on May 1, 2018. The future impact of ASU 2017-01 will be dependent upon the nature of future acquisitions or dispositions made by us.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, &amp;#8220;Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other than Inventory&amp;#8221;, which simplifies the accounting for the income tax consequences of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory. Current U.S. GAAP prohibits the recognition of current and deferred income taxes for an intra-entity asset transfer until the asset has been sold to an outside party. The new guidance states that an entity should recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs. Consequently, the amendments in this Standard eliminate the exception for an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory. We adopted ASU 2016-16 on May 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2016-16 did not have a material impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, &amp;#8220;Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments,&amp;#8221; which provides clarification on classifying a variety of activities within the Statement of Cash Flows. We adopted ASU 2016-15 on May 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2016-15 did not have a material impact to our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, &amp;#8220;Financial Instruments&amp;#8212;Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.&amp;#8221; Subsequently, the FASB issued ASU 2018-03, &amp;#8220;Technical Corrections and Improvements to Financial Instruments-Overall.&amp;#8221;&amp;#160; ASU 2016-01 requires equity investments except those under the equity method of accounting to be measured at fair value with the changes in fair value recognized in net income. The amendment simplifies the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment to identify impairment. In addition, it also requires enhanced disclosures about investments. We adopted ASU 2016-01 on May 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2016- 01 did not have a material impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers," (Topic 606) which superseded most existing revenue recognition guidance. We adopted ASU 2014-09 on May 1, 2018. The standard allows for either "full retrospective" adoption, meaning the standard is applied to all periods presented, or "modified retrospective" adoption, meaning the standard is applied only to the most current period presented in the financial statements. Subsequently, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) &amp;#8211; Principal versus Agent Considerations", ASU 2016-10, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) &amp;#8211; Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing", ASU 2016-12, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) &amp;#8211; Narrow Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients", and ASU 2016-20, "Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers," which provide clarification and additional guidance related to ASU 2014-09. We also adopted ASU 2016-08, ASU 2016-10, ASU 2016-12, and ASU 2016-20 with ASU 2014-09 (collectively, the &amp;#8220;new revenue standard&amp;#8221;) on May 1, 2018.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We utilized a comprehensive approach to assess the impact of the new revenue standard on our contract portfolio by reviewing our current accounting policies and practices to identify differences that would result from applying the new revenue standard to our revenue contracts. Additionally, we reviewed customer agreements representative of our business models and assessed whether changes in revenue recognition were appropriate under the new revenue standard.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We adopted the new revenue standard as of May 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective method. The adoption of the new revenue standard did not have a material impact to our consolidated revenues, financial position, or results of operations. Upon adoption, we recorded an immaterial net increase to opening retained earnings resulting from the change in timing of when certain components of our revenue is recognized as required under the new revenue standard as compared to historical policies. Such changes include:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 27.1pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(i)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;perpetual licenses granted in connection with other deliverables; revenue that was previously recognized over the life of the associated subscription for future content is now recognized at a point in time, which is when access to content is initially granted,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 27.1pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(ii)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;customers&amp;#8217; unexercised rights; revenue which was previously recognized at the end of a pre-determined period for situations where we have received a nonrefundable payment for a customer to receive a good or service and the customer has not exercised such right is now recognized as revenue in proportion to the pattern of rights exercised by the customer,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 27.1pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(iii)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;recognition of estimated revenue from royalty agreements in the period of usage, and&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="width: 18pt;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 27.1pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(iv)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;recognition of revenue for certain arrangements with minimum guarantees on a time-based (straight-line) basis due to a stand-ready obligation to provide additional rights to content.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The adoption of the new revenue standard resulted in the discontinuance of the historical practice of presenting accounts receivable and deferred revenue balances on a net basis for some of our subscription licensing agreements where we have invoiced a customer in advance of the related revenue being recognized and payment has not yet been received. As of April 30, 2018, the amounts that were previously netted down from accounts receivable and deferred revenue were $59.5 million.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In addition, the adoption of the new revenue standard resulted in the reclassification of the sales return reserve provision to Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue) from Accounts Receivable, Net on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. As of April 30, 2018, the amount was $28.3 million.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The cumulative effect of the changes made to our consolidated balance sheet at May 1, 2018 as a result of adoption of the new revenue standard using the modified retrospective method were as follows:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adjustments due to Adoption&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;May 1, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.6pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Accounts receivable, net&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;212,377&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;93,349&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;305,726&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.6pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Product development assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;78,814&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(3,725&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;75,089&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.6pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Technology, property and equipment, net&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;289,934&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;(361&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;289,573&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.6pt;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Other non-current assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;85,802&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; 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width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Liabilities&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; 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width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;4,503&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;1,838,560&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The impact of the adoption of the new revenue standard on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income was $10.2 million and $11.5 million in revenue, net, for the three months and six months ended October 31, 2018, respectively, and was $2.4 million in cost of sales for both the three and six months ended October 31, 2018. The impact to the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position was not material by line item, except for the amount related to the netting down of the accounts receivable and deferred revenue as described above and a reclassification of the sales return reserve provision to contract liability from accounts receivable, net. As of October 31, 2018, the amount that would have been netted down from accounts receivable, net and deferred revenue prior to the adoption of the new revenue standard would have been $5.8 million. Due to the adoption of the new revenue standard, the sales return reserve provision amount that is included in Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue) on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of October 31, 2018 was $31.1 million.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</jwa:RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock>
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    <link:footnote xlink:label="Footnote-Item-1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Due to the adoption of the new revenue standard, the sales return reserve as of October 31, 2018 of $31.1 million is recorded in Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue). In prior periods, it was recorded as a reduction to Accounts Receivable, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.</link:footnote>
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    <link:footnote xlink:label="Footnote-Item-2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">The adoption of the new revenue standard resulted in the discontinuance of the historical practice of presenting accounts receivable and deferred revenue balances on a net basis for some of our subscription licensing agreements where we have invoiced a customer in advance of the related revenue being recognized and payment has not yet been received. As of April 30, 2018, the amounts that were netted down from accounts receivable and deferred revenue were $59.5 million.</link:footnote>
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    <link:footnote xlink:label="Footnote-Item-3" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">As noted above, prior period amounts have not been adjusted under the modified retrospective method.</link:footnote>
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    <link:footnote xlink:label="Footnote-Item-4" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">Due to the retrospective adoption of ASU 2016-18, we are now required to include restricted cash as part of the change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash. As a result, amounts which were previously classified as cash flows from operating activities have been reclassified as they are recognized in the total change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash. Refer to Note 2, "Recent Accounting Standards," in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.</link:footnote>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable_lbl" xlink:title="label: AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable to us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember" xlink:label="AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember" xlink:title="AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember_lbl">Accumulated Defined Benefit Plans Adjustment Attributable to Parent [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember to us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" xlink:label="AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" xlink:title="AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember_lbl">Unamortized Retirement Costs [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember to us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember_lbl1">Accumulated Defined Benefit Plans Adjustment, Net Gain (Loss) Attributable to Parent [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember to us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" xlink:label="AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" xlink:title="AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems_lbl">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" xlink:label="AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" xlink:title="AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_lbl">Foreign Currency Translation [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_lbl1">Accumulated Foreign Currency Adjustment Attributable to Parent [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember to us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:label="AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:title="AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember to us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl1">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxAbstract" xlink:label="AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxAbstract" xlink:title="AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxAbstract" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:title="AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_lbl1">Allocated Share-based Compensation Expense</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AmortizationOfAdvanceRoyalty_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_AmortizationOfAdvanceRoyalty_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_AmortizationOfAdvanceRoyalty_lbl">Earned royalty advances</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_Assets_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_Assets_lbl1">Assets</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock to us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock to us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract" xlink:label="CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract" xlink:title="CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract_lbl">Commitment and Contingencies [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract to us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract_lbl" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonClassAMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: CommonClassAMember to us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl1">Class A Common [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonClassAMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CommonClassAMember to us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl2">Class A [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonClassAMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: CommonClassAMember to us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl2" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:title="label: CommonStockSharesAuthorized to us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" xlink:label="CommonClassBMember" xlink:title="CommonClassBMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl">Common Stock Class B [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonClassBMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: CommonClassBMember to us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl1">Class B Common [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonClassBMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CommonClassBMember to us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl2">Class B [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonClassBMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: CommonClassBMember to us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:title="CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl">Common Stock, par value (in dollars per share)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:title="label: CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare to us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_lbl">Common stock (in dollars per share)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_lbl" xlink:title="label: CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid to us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:title="CommonStockSharesIssued" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl">Common Stock, shares issued (in shares)</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:label="CommonStockValue" xlink:title="CommonStockValue" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract_lbl">Retirement Plans [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl">Comprehensive Income</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:title="label: ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax to us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl1">Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" xlink:label="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" xlink:title="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_lbl">Revenue recognized from beginning contract liability</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1">Contract with Customer, Liability, Noncurrent</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract_lbl">Balances from contracts with customers [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:title="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl">Contract liability (Deferred revenue)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl1">Contract liability (Deferred revenue)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl2">Contract with Customer, Liability, Current</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl2" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CorporateNonSegmentMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CorporateNonSegmentMember to us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember_lbl1" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl1">Cost of Goods and Services Sold</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl1">Costs and Expenses</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember" xlink:label="CustomerRelationshipsMember" xlink:title="CustomerRelationshipsMember" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems_lbl">Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems_lbl" xlink:title="label: DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems to us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:label="DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:title="DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable_lbl">Disaggregation of Revenue [Table]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract" xlink:label="DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract" xlink:title="DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract_lbl">Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract_lbl1">Disaggregation of Revenue [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract to us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:label="DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:title="DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock_lbl">Revenue from Contracts With Customers Disaggregated by Segment and Product Type</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock to us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock_lbl" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember" xlink:label="DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember" xlink:title="DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember_lbl">Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent" xlink:label="DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent" xlink:title="DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl">Deferred Income Tax Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent to us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl1">Deferred income tax liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent to us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl2">Deferred Tax Liabilities, Gross, Noncurrent</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent to us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount" xlink:label="DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount" xlink:title="DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanActuarialGainLoss" xlink:label="DefinedBenefitPlanActuarialGainLoss" xlink:title="DefinedBenefitPlanActuarialGainLoss" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DefinedBenefitPlanActuarialGainLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanActuarialGainLoss_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DefinedBenefitPlanActuarialGainLoss to us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanActuarialGainLoss_lbl1" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DerivativeAssets_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_DerivativeAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DerivativeAssets_lbl">Assets fair value of derivative instrument</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DerivativeLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_DerivativeLineItems_lbl" xlink:title="label: DerivativeLineItems to us-gaap_DerivativeLineItems_lbl" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentDetailAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentDetailAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentDetailAbstract_lbl">Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember" xlink:label="InterestIncomeMember" xlink:title="InterestIncomeMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl">Interest and Other Income [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InterestIncomeMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: InterestIncomeMember to us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl1">Interest Income [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InterestIncomeMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InterestIncomeMember to us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember" xlink:label="InterestRateSwapMember" xlink:title="InterestRateSwapMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember_lbl">Interest Rate Swaps [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InterestRateSwapMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: InterestRateSwapMember to us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InterestExpenseMember" xlink:label="InterestExpenseMember" xlink:title="InterestExpenseMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestExpenseMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InterestExpenseMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InterestExpenseMember_lbl">Interest Expense [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InterestExpenseMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestExpenseMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: InterestExpenseMember to us-gaap_InterestExpenseMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods" xlink:label="InventoryFinishedGoods" xlink:title="InventoryFinishedGoods" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods_lbl">Finished goods</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryFinishedGoods" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods_lbl" xlink:title="label: InventoryFinishedGoods to us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="InventoryDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:title="InventoryDisclosureTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock_lbl">Inventories</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: InventoryDisclosureTextBlock to us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock_lbl1">Inventory Disclosure [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InventoryDisclosureTextBlock to us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract" xlink:label="InventoryDisclosureAbstract" xlink:title="InventoryDisclosureAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract_lbl">Inventories [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: InventoryDisclosureAbstract to us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryGross" xlink:label="InventoryGross" xlink:title="InventoryGross" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryGross_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryGross_lbl">Gross inventory</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryGross_lbl" xlink:title="label: InventoryGross to us-gaap_InventoryGross_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryGross_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryGross_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryGross_lbl1">Inventory, Gross</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryGross_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InventoryGross to us-gaap_InventoryGross_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:label="InventoryNet" xlink:title="InventoryNet" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl">Inventories, net</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl" xlink:title="label: InventoryNet to us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl1">Total inventories</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InventoryNet to us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl2">Inventory, Net</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl2" xlink:title="label: InventoryNet to us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:label="InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:title="InventoryWorkInProcess" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl">Work-in-process</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl" xlink:title="label: InventoryWorkInProcess to us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl1">Inventory, Work in Process, Gross</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InventoryWorkInProcess to us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve" xlink:label="InventoryLIFOReserve" xlink:title="InventoryLIFOReserve" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl">LIFO reserve</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryLIFOReserve" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl" xlink:title="label: InventoryLIFOReserve to us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl1">Inventory, LIFO Reserve</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryLIFOReserve" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InventoryLIFOReserve to us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials" xlink:label="InventoryRawMaterials" xlink:title="InventoryRawMaterials" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials_lbl">Paper and other materials</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryRawMaterials" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials_lbl" xlink:title="label: InventoryRawMaterials to us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials_lbl1">Inventory, Raw Materials, Gross</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryRawMaterials" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InventoryRawMaterials to us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" xlink:label="LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" xlink:title="LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl">LIBOR [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember to us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl1">London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember to us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount" xlink:label="LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount" xlink:title="LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount_lbl">Variable rate loans outstanding</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount_lbl" xlink:title="label: LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount to us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:title="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl">Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity:</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract to us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl1">Liabilities and Equity [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract to us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:label="Liabilities" xlink:title="Liabilities" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl">Total Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="Liabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xlink:title="label: Liabilities to us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl1">Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="Liabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl1" xlink:title="label: Liabilities to us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:label="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:title="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl">Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:title="label: LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity to us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl1">Liabilities and Equity</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity to us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAbstract" xlink:label="LiabilitiesAbstract" xlink:title="LiabilitiesAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAbstract_lbl">Liabilities [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LiabilitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: LiabilitiesAbstract to us-gaap_LiabilitiesAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:label="LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:title="LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl">Current Liabilities</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:title="OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl">Other Long-Term Liabilities</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:title="OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherPostretirementBenefitExpense" xlink:label="OtherPostretirementBenefitExpense" xlink:title="OtherPostretirementBenefitExpense" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" xlink:label="PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" xlink:title="PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl">Preferred Stock, $1 par value: Authorized - 2 million, Issued - 0</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromHedgeInvestingActivities" xlink:label="ProceedsFromHedgeInvestingActivities" xlink:title="ProceedsFromHedgeInvestingActivities" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock to us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock_lbl1" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares_lbl">Shares repurchased (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares_lbl" xlink:title="label: StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares to us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:label="StockholdersEquity" xlink:title="StockholdersEquity" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl">Balance</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:title="label: StockholdersEquity to us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl1">Balance</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl1" xlink:title="label: StockholdersEquity to us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl2">Total Shareholders' Equity</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl2" xlink:title="label: StockholdersEquity to us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl2" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl3" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl3" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl3">Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl3" xlink:title="label: StockholdersEquity to us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl3" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:title="StockholdersEquityAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl">Shareholders' Equity</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: StockholdersEquityAbstract to us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventTable" xlink:label="SubsequentEventTable" xlink:title="SubsequentEventTable" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTable_lbl">Subsequent Event [Table]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SubsequentEventTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTable_lbl" xlink:title="label: SubsequentEventTable to us-gaap_SubsequentEventTable_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain" xlink:label="SubsequentEventTypeDomain" xlink:title="SubsequentEventTypeDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain_lbl">Subsequent Event Type [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SubsequentEventTypeDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: SubsequentEventTypeDomain to us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems" xlink:label="SubsequentEventLineItems" xlink:title="SubsequentEventLineItems" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems_lbl">Subsequent Event [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SubsequentEventLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems_lbl" xlink:title="label: SubsequentEventLineItems to us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventsAbstract" xlink:label="SubsequentEventsAbstract" xlink:title="SubsequentEventsAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventsAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_SubsequentEventsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_SubsequentEventsAbstract_lbl">Subsequent Event [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SubsequentEventsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_SubsequentEventsAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: SubsequentEventsAbstract to us-gaap_SubsequentEventsAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis" xlink:label="SubsequentEventTypeAxis" xlink:title="SubsequentEventTypeAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_lbl">Subsequent Event Type [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SubsequentEventTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: SubsequentEventTypeAxis to us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock" xlink:label="SubsequentEventsTextBlock" xlink:title="SubsequentEventsTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock_lbl">Subsequent Event</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SubsequentEventsTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: SubsequentEventsTextBlock to us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xlink:label="SubsequentEventMember" xlink:title="SubsequentEventMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_lbl">Subsequent Event [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SubsequentEventMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: SubsequentEventMember to us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember" xlink:label="TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember" xlink:title="TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember_lbl">Brands and Trademarks [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember to us-gaap_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember_lbl1">Trademarks and Trade Names [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember to us-gaap_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" xlink:label="TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" xlink:title="TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain_lbl">Financial Instruments [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain to us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare" xlink:label="TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare" xlink:title="TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare_lbl">Average purchase price (in dollars per share)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare_lbl" xlink:title="label: TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare to us-gaap_TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" xlink:label="TreasuryStockValue" xlink:title="TreasuryStockValue" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_lbl">Treasury stock (Class A - 22,000,203 and 21,853,257 as of October 31, 2018 and April 30, 2018, respectively; Class B - 3,917,574 and 3,917,574 as of October 31, 2018 and April 30, 2018, respectively)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TreasuryStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_lbl" xlink:title="label: TreasuryStockValue to us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_lbl1">Treasury Stock, Value</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TreasuryStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_lbl1" xlink:title="label: TreasuryStockValue to us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares" xlink:label="TreasuryStockShares" xlink:title="TreasuryStockShares" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares_lbl">Treasury stock (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TreasuryStockShares" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares_lbl" xlink:title="label: TreasuryStockShares to us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares_lbl1">Treasury Stock, Shares</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TreasuryStockShares" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares_lbl1" xlink:title="label: TreasuryStockShares to us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TypeOfRestructuringDomain" xlink:label="TypeOfRestructuringDomain" xlink:title="TypeOfRestructuringDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_TypeOfRestructuringDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_TypeOfRestructuringDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_TypeOfRestructuringDomain_lbl">Type of Restructuring [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TypeOfRestructuringDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_TypeOfRestructuringDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: TypeOfRestructuringDomain to us-gaap_TypeOfRestructuringDomain_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TypeOfAdoptionMember" xlink:label="TypeOfAdoptionMember" xlink:title="TypeOfAdoptionMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_TypeOfAdoptionMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_TypeOfAdoptionMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_TypeOfAdoptionMember_lbl">Type of Adoption [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TypeOfAdoptionMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_TypeOfAdoptionMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: TypeOfAdoptionMember to us-gaap_TypeOfAdoptionMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_VariableRateAxis" xlink:label="VariableRateAxis" xlink:title="VariableRateAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableRateAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_VariableRateAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_VariableRateAxis_lbl">Variable Rate [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VariableRateAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_VariableRateAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: VariableRateAxis to us-gaap_VariableRateAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_VariableRateDomain" xlink:label="VariableRateDomain" xlink:title="VariableRateDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableRateDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_VariableRateDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_VariableRateDomain_lbl">Variable Rate [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VariableRateDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_VariableRateDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: VariableRateDomain to us-gaap_VariableRateDomain_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:label="WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:title="WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl">Basic (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" xlink:title="label: WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic to us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl1">Shares used for basic earnings per share (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl1" xlink:title="label: WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic to us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl2">Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Basic</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl2" xlink:title="label: WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic to us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock" xlink:label="WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock" xlink:title="WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock_lbl">Less: Unvested restricted shares (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock_lbl" xlink:title="label: WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock to us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock_lbl1">Weighted Average Number of Shares, Restricted Stock</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock to us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:title="WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl">Diluted (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:title="label: WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding to us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl1">Shares used for diluted earnings per share (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl1" xlink:title="label: WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding to us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl2">Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Diluted</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl2" xlink:title="label: WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding to us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic" xlink:label="WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic" xlink:title="WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic_lbl">Weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic_lbl" xlink:title="label: WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic to us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2018/elts/srt-2018-01-31.xsd#srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis" xlink:label="ConsolidationItemsAxis" xlink:title="ConsolidationItemsAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis_lbl">Consolidation Items [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ConsolidationItemsAxis" xlink:to="srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: ConsolidationItemsAxis to srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2018/elts/srt-2018-01-31.xsd#srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain" xlink:label="ConsolidationItemsDomain" xlink:title="ConsolidationItemsDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain_lbl">Consolidation Items [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ConsolidationItemsDomain" xlink:to="srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: ConsolidationItemsDomain to srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2018/elts/srt-2018-01-31.xsd#srt_MaximumMember" xlink:label="MaximumMember" xlink:title="MaximumMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_MaximumMember_lbl">Maximum [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="MaximumMember" xlink:to="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: MaximumMember to srt_MaximumMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2018/elts/srt-2018-01-31.xsd#srt_MinimumMember" xlink:label="MinimumMember" xlink:title="MinimumMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_MinimumMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_MinimumMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_MinimumMember_lbl">Minimum [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="MinimumMember" xlink:to="srt_MinimumMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: MinimumMember to srt_MinimumMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2018/elts/srt-2018-01-31.xsd#srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:label="ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:title="ProductsAndServicesDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain_lbl">Product and Service [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:to="srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: ProductsAndServicesDomain to srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2018/elts/srt-2018-01-31.xsd#srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:label="ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:title="ProductOrServiceAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl">Product and Service [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:to="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: ProductOrServiceAxis to srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2018/elts/srt-2018-01-31.xsd#srt_RangeMember" xlink:label="RangeMember" xlink:title="RangeMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_RangeMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_RangeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_RangeMember_lbl">Range [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RangeMember" xlink:to="srt_RangeMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: RangeMember to srt_RangeMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2018/elts/srt-2018-01-31.xsd#srt_RangeAxis" xlink:label="RangeAxis" xlink:title="RangeAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_RangeAxis_lbl">Range [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RangeAxis" xlink:to="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: RangeAxis to srt_RangeAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_AccountsReceivableNetOfDeferredRevenueChangeDueToImplementingNewAccountingStandards" xlink:label="AccountsReceivableNetOfDeferredRevenueChangeDueToImplementingNewAccountingStandards" xlink:title="AccountsReceivableNetOfDeferredRevenueChangeDueToImplementingNewAccountingStandards" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AccountsReceivableNetOfDeferredRevenueChangeDueToImplementingNewAccountingStandards_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_AccountsReceivableNetOfDeferredRevenueChangeDueToImplementingNewAccountingStandards_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AccountsReceivableNetOfDeferredRevenueChangeDueToImplementingNewAccountingStandards_lbl">Amount that was netted down from accounts receivable and deferred revenue as of the date of the report due to implementing new accounting standards.</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AccountsReceivableNetOfDeferredRevenueChangeDueToImplementingNewAccountingStandards_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_AccountsReceivableNetOfDeferredRevenueChangeDueToImplementingNewAccountingStandards_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AccountsReceivableNetOfDeferredRevenueChangeDueToImplementingNewAccountingStandards_lbl1">Accounts Receivable, Net of Deferred Revenue, Change Due to Implementing New Accounting Standards</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AccountsReceivableNetOfDeferredRevenueChangeDueToImplementingNewAccountingStandards" xlink:to="jwa_AccountsReceivableNetOfDeferredRevenueChangeDueToImplementingNewAccountingStandards_lbl2" xlink:title="label: AccountsReceivableNetOfDeferredRevenueChangeDueToImplementingNewAccountingStandards to jwa_AccountsReceivableNetOfDeferredRevenueChangeDueToImplementingNewAccountingStandards_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:label="ProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:title="ProductDevelopmentAssets" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl">Product development assets consist of composition costs and royalty advances to authors. Composition costs, primarily represent the costs incurred to bring an edited commercial manuscript to publication including typesetting, proofreading, design and illustration, etc. Royalty advances to authors are capitalized and, upon publication, are recovered as royalties earned by the authors based on sales of the published works.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:to="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" xlink:title="label: ProductDevelopmentAssets to jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1">Product Development Assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:to="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ProductDevelopmentAssets to jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2">Product development assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:to="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ProductDevelopmentAssets to jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member" xlink:label="CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member" xlink:title="CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member_lbl">Calculated under guidance for revenue recognition in effect subsequent to change to new guidance for revenue from contract with customer when using transition method for cumulative effect in period including initial date of application.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member" xlink:to="jwa_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member_lbl" xlink:title="label: CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member to jwa_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member_lbl1">Calculated under Revenue Guidance in Effect after Topic 606 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member" xlink:to="jwa_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member to jwa_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member_lbl2">Balances upon Adoption of Topic 606 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member" xlink:to="jwa_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member_lbl2" xlink:title="label: CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member to jwa_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract" xlink:label="ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract" xlink:title="ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_BrandsMember" xlink:label="BrandsMember" xlink:title="BrandsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl">Unique design, sign, symbol, words, or a combination of these, employed in creating an image that identifies a product and differentiates it from its competitors.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BrandsMember" xlink:to="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: BrandsMember to jwa_BrandsMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl1">Brands [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1">Amortization of Product Development Assets</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement" xlink:label="IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement" xlink:title="IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement_lbl">Represents the income tax expense related to unfavorable tax settlement due to unfavorable decision from tax jurisdiction.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement" xlink:to="jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement_lbl" xlink:title="label: IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement to jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement_lbl1">Income Tax Expense Related to Unfavorable Tax Settlement</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement" xlink:to="jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement_lbl1" xlink:title="label: IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement to jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement_lbl2">Unfavorable tax litigation</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement" xlink:to="jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement_lbl2" xlink:title="label: IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement to jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseRelatedToUnfavorableTaxSettlement_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_NonCashDeferredTaxBenefitsOnUKRateChanges" xlink:label="NonCashDeferredTaxBenefitsOnUKRateChanges" xlink:title="NonCashDeferredTaxBenefitsOnUKRateChanges" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NonCashDeferredTaxBenefitsOnUKRateChanges_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_NonCashDeferredTaxBenefitsOnUKRateChanges_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NonCashDeferredTaxBenefitsOnUKRateChanges_lbl">Non-cash deferred tax benefits on U.K. rate changes.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NonCashDeferredTaxBenefitsOnUKRateChanges" xlink:to="jwa_NonCashDeferredTaxBenefitsOnUKRateChanges_lbl" xlink:title="label: NonCashDeferredTaxBenefitsOnUKRateChanges to jwa_NonCashDeferredTaxBenefitsOnUKRateChanges_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NonCashDeferredTaxBenefitsOnUKRateChanges_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_NonCashDeferredTaxBenefitsOnUKRateChanges_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NonCashDeferredTaxBenefitsOnUKRateChanges_lbl1">Non Cash Deferred Tax Benefits On U.K. Rate Changes</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NonCashDeferredTaxBenefitsOnUKRateChanges" xlink:to="jwa_NonCashDeferredTaxBenefitsOnUKRateChanges_lbl1" xlink:title="label: NonCashDeferredTaxBenefitsOnUKRateChanges to jwa_NonCashDeferredTaxBenefitsOnUKRateChanges_lbl1" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NonCashDeferredTaxBenefitsOnUKRateChanges" xlink:to="jwa_NonCashDeferredTaxBenefitsOnUKRateChanges_lbl2" xlink:title="label: NonCashDeferredTaxBenefitsOnUKRateChanges to jwa_NonCashDeferredTaxBenefitsOnUKRateChanges_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:label="AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:title="AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl">The cash outflow for book composition and other product development spending.</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1">Additions To Product Development Assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:to="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xlink:title="label: AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets to jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2">Product development spending</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:to="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" xlink:title="label: AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets to jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_PublishingMember" xlink:label="PublishingMember" xlink:title="PublishingMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl">A segment of the entity, which provides scientific, professional development, and education books and related content, as well as test preparation services and course workflow tools, to libraries, corporations, students, professionals, and researchers.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: PublishingMember to jwa_PublishingMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl1">Publishing [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PublishingMember to jwa_PublishingMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl2">Publishing [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: PublishingMember to jwa_PublishingMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_SolutionsMember" xlink:label="SolutionsMember" xlink:title="SolutionsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl">A segment of the entity, which provides online graduate degree program management services for higher education institutions and learning, development, and assessment services for businesses and professionals.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SolutionsMember" xlink:to="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: SolutionsMember to jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl1">Solutions [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SolutionsMember" xlink:to="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: SolutionsMember to jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl2">Solutions [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SolutionsMember" xlink:to="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: SolutionsMember to jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_ResearchSegmentMember" xlink:label="ResearchSegmentMember" xlink:title="ResearchSegmentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl">A segment of the entity, which provides scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly journals, as well as related content and services, for academic, corporate, and government libraries, learned societies, and individual researchers and other professionals.</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl1">Research segment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ResearchSegmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ResearchSegmentMember to jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl2">Research [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ResearchSegmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ResearchSegmentMember to jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member" xlink:label="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member" xlink:title="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl">Distribution of earnings in the form of cash, property or capital stock declared in Q1 current year by the board of directors to be distributed to shareholders.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl1">Dividend Declared in Current Year Q1 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl2">Dividend Declared in Q1 2019 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_CashDividendAbstract" xlink:label="CashDividendAbstract" xlink:title="CashDividendAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl1">Cash Dividend [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CashDividendAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CashDividendAbstract to jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl2">Cash dividend [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CashDividendAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl2" xlink:title="label: CashDividendAbstract to jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member" xlink:label="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member" xlink:title="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl">Distribution of earnings in the form of cash, property or capital stock declared in Q2 current year by the board of directors to be distributed to shareholders.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl1">Dividend Declared in Current Year Q2 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl2">Dividend Declared in Q2 2019 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" xlink:label="DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" xlink:title="DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract_lbl1">Document and Entity Information [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract to jwa_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract_lbl1" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:title="label: RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock to jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns" xlink:label="InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns" xlink:title="InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl">Amount of inventory reserves for estimated sales returns.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns" xlink:to="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl" xlink:title="label: InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns to jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl1">Inventory, Reserve for Estimated Sales Returns</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns" xlink:to="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns to jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl2">Inventory value of estimated sales returns</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns" xlink:to="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl2" xlink:title="label: InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns to jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" xlink:label="RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" xlink:title="RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl">The entity announced a program (the "Restructuring and Reinvestment Program") to restructure and realign the Company's cost base with current and anticipated future market conditions.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" xlink:to="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember to jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl1">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" xlink:to="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember to jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember" xlink:label="ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember" xlink:title="ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember_lbl">Process reengineering consulting with exit from or disposal of business activities or restructurings pursuant to a plan.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember" xlink:to="jwa_ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember to jwa_ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember_lbl1">Process reengineering consulting [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember" xlink:to="jwa_ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember to jwa_ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember_lbl2">Process Reengineering Consulting [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember" xlink:to="jwa_ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember to jwa_ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" xlink:label="PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" xlink:title="PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl">Revenue by product/service deriving from publishing technology services (Atypon).</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" xlink:to="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember to jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl1">Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" xlink:to="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember to jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl2">Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" xlink:to="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember to jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl2" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl3" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl3" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl3">Publishing Technology Services [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" xlink:to="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl3" xlink:title="label: PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember to jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl3" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_EducationPublishingMember" xlink:label="EducationPublishingMember" xlink:title="EducationPublishingMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl">Revenue by product/service deriving from education publishing.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EducationPublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: EducationPublishingMember to jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl1">Education Publishing [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EducationPublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: EducationPublishingMember to jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl2">Education Publishing [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EducationPublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: EducationPublishingMember to jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember" xlink:label="LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember" xlink:title="LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl">Publishing revenue from licensing, distribution, advertising and other products/services.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember" xlink:to="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember to jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl1">Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember" xlink:to="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember to jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl2">Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember" xlink:to="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember to jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" xlink:label="OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" xlink:title="OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl">The administration component of the entity's shared in online program management.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" xlink:to="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember to jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl1">Online Program Management (Deltak) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" xlink:to="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember to jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl2">Education Services (OPM) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" xlink:to="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember to jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl2" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl3" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl3" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl3">Education Services [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" xlink:to="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl3" xlink:title="label: OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember to jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl3" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_OpenAccessMember" xlink:label="OpenAccessMember" xlink:title="OpenAccessMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl">Revenue by product/service deriving from open access.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OpenAccessMember" xlink:to="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: OpenAccessMember to jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl1">Open Access [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OpenAccessMember" xlink:to="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OpenAccessMember to jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl2">Open Access [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OpenAccessMember" xlink:to="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OpenAccessMember to jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember" xlink:label="STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember" xlink:title="STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl">Revenue by product/service deriving from STM and professional and education publishing</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember to jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl1">STM and Professional and Education Publishing [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember to jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl2">STM and Professional Publishing [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember to jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember" xlink:label="LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember" xlink:title="LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl">Revenue by product/service deriving from licensing, reprints, backfiles and other.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember to jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl1">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other (Research segment) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember to jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl2">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember to jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" xlink:label="TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" xlink:title="TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl">Publishing revenue from test preparation and certification products/services.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" xlink:to="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: TestPreparationAndCertificationMember to jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl1">Test Preparation and Certification [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" xlink:to="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: TestPreparationAndCertificationMember to jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl2">Test Preparation and Certification [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" xlink:to="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: TestPreparationAndCertificationMember to jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember" xlink:label="CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember" xlink:title="CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl">Publishing revenue from course workflow solution products/services.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember" xlink:to="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember to jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl1">Course Workflow Solutions [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember" xlink:to="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember to jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl2">Course Workflow (WileyPLUS) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember" xlink:to="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember to jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_JournalRevenueMember" xlink:label="JournalRevenueMember" xlink:title="JournalRevenueMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl">Revenue by product service.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="JournalRevenueMember" xlink:to="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: JournalRevenueMember to jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl1">Journal Revenue [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="JournalRevenueMember" xlink:to="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: JournalRevenueMember to jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl2">Journal Subscriptions [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="JournalRevenueMember" xlink:to="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: JournalRevenueMember to jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_CorporateLearningMember" xlink:label="CorporateLearningMember" xlink:title="CorporateLearningMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl">Revenue by product service.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CorporateLearningMember" xlink:to="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: CorporateLearningMember to jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl1">Corporate Learning [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CorporateLearningMember" xlink:to="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CorporateLearningMember to jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl2">Corporate Learning [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CorporateLearningMember" xlink:to="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: CorporateLearningMember to jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember" xlink:label="ProfessionalAssessmentMember" xlink:title="ProfessionalAssessmentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl">Revenue by product service.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProfessionalAssessmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ProfessionalAssessmentMember to jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl1">Professional Assessment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProfessionalAssessmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ProfessionalAssessmentMember to jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl2">Professional Assessment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProfessionalAssessmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ProfessionalAssessmentMember to jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent" xlink:label="IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent" xlink:title="IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl">The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amount due from customers for the credit sale of goods and services non current.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent" xlink:to="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent to jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl1">Increase Decrease In Contract With Customer Liability Non Current</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent" xlink:to="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent to jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl2">Contract liability (Deferred revenue) (included in Other Long-Term Liabilities)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent" xlink:to="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl2" xlink:title="label: IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent to jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts" xlink:label="NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts" xlink:title="NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl">The number of content assets available for corporate learning contracts including learning formats and modules such as leadership, diversity, value creation, client orientation, change and corporate strategy.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl" xlink:title="label: NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts to jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl1">Number of Content Assets Available for Corporate Learning Contracts</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl1" xlink:title="label: NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts to jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl2">Number of content assets available for corporate learning contracts</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl2" xlink:title="label: NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts to jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts" xlink:label="NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts" xlink:title="NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl">Number of languages in which contents for learning formats and modules on topics are available.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl" xlink:title="label: NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts to jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl1">Number of Languages Available for Learning Contracts</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl1" xlink:title="label: NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts to jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl2">Number of languages available for learning contracts</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl2" xlink:title="label: NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts to jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished" xlink:label="NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished" xlink:title="NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl">Number of academic research journals published during the period.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl" xlink:title="label: NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished to jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl1">Number of Academic Research Journals Published</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl1" xlink:title="label: NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished to jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl2">Number of academic research journals published</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl2" xlink:title="label: NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished to jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_DurationOfContracts" xlink:label="DurationOfContracts" xlink:title="DurationOfContracts" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl">The duration of contracts in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DurationOfContracts" xlink:to="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl" xlink:title="label: DurationOfContracts to jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl1">Duration of Contracts</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DurationOfContracts" xlink:to="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DurationOfContracts to jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl2">Duration of contract</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DurationOfContracts" xlink:to="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DurationOfContracts to jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20181031.xsd#jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember" xlink:label="TheLearningHouseIncMember" xlink:title="TheLearningHouseIncMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl">A diversified education services provider, which provides online program management (OPM) services including graduate and undergraduate programs; short courses, boot camps, and other skills training and credentialing for students and professionals; pathway services for international students; professional development services for teachers; and learning solutions for corporate clients.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TheLearningHouseIncMember" xlink:to="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: TheLearningHouseIncMember to jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl1">The Learning House, Inc. [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TheLearningHouseIncMember" xlink:to="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: TheLearningHouseIncMember to jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl1" />
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<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6779724224">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information - shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
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<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Nov. 30, 2018</div></th>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">10-Q<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Oct. 31,  2018<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus', window );">Document Fiscal Year Focus</a></td>
<td class="text">2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus', window );">Document Fiscal Period Focus</a></td>
<td class="text">Q2<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Common Stock Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Entity Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">48,120,789<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Stock Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Entity Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,142,898<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>If the value is true, then the document is an amendment to previously-filed/accepted document.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>xbrli:gMonthDayItemType</td>
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<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This is focus fiscal period of the document report. For a first quarter 2006 quarterly report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, the first fiscal quarter should be given as the fiscal period focus. Values: FY, Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, H1, H2, M9, T1, T2, T3, M8, CY.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This is focus fiscal year of the document report in CCYY format. For a 2006 annual report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, fiscal 2006 should be given as the fiscal year focus. Example: 2006.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The end date of the period reflected on the cover page if a periodic report. For all other reports and registration statements containing historical data, it is the date up through which that historical data is presented.  If there is no historical data in the report, use the filing date. The format of the date is CCYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate number of shares or other units outstanding of each of registrant's classes of capital or common stock or other ownership interests, if and as stated on cover of related periodic report. Where multiple classes or units exist define each class/interest by adding class of stock items such as Common Class A [Member], Common Class B [Member] or Partnership Interest [Member] onto the Instrument [Domain] of the Entity Listings, Instrument.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 7A<br> -Section B<br> -Subsection 2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFilerCategory">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate whether the registrant is one of the following: (1) Large Accelerated Filer, (2) Accelerated Filer, (3) Non-accelerated Filer, (4) Smaller Reporting Company (Non-accelerated), (5) Smaller Reporting Accelerated Filer or (6) Smaller Reporting Company and Large Accelerated Filer. Definitions of these categories are stated in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFilerCategory</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:filerCategoryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityInformationLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityInformationLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntitySmallBusiness">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicates that the company is a smaller reporting company with both a public float and revenues of less than $75 million.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntitySmallBusiness</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>13
<FILENAME>R2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6780408272">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION - UNAUDITED - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current Assets</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 115,603<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 169,773<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">236,207<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">212,377<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet', window );">Inventories, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">35,084<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">39,489<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">61,973<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">58,332<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Total Current Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">448,867<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">479,971<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets', window );">Product Development Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">64,716<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">78,814<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdvanceRoyaltiesNoncurrent', window );">Royalty Advances, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,331<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">37,058<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Technology, Property and Equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">286,308<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">289,934<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill', window );">Intangible Assets, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">787,629<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">848,071<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="nump">986,248<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">1,019,801<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent', window );">Other Non-Current Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">91,732<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">85,802<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,680,831<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">2,839,451<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current Liabilities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">71,555<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">90,097<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedRoyaltiesCurrent', window );">Accrued royalties</a></td>
<td class="nump">94,438<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">73,007<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent', window );">Contract liability (Deferred revenue)</a></td>
<td class="nump">237,184<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">486,353<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Accrued employment costs</a></td>
<td class="nump">69,792<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">116,179<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesCurrent', window );">Accrued income taxes</a></td>
<td class="nump">18,436<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">13,927<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Other accrued liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">78,651<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">94,748<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Total Current Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">570,056<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">874,311<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent', window );">Long-Term Debt</a></td>
<td class="nump">537,306<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">360,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilitiesNoncurrent', window );">Accrued Pension Liability</a></td>
<td class="nump">167,722<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">190,301<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent', window );">Deferred Income Tax Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">140,338<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">143,518<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent', window );">Other Long-Term Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">96,017<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">80,764<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Liabilities', window );">Total Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,511,439<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">1,648,894<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Shareholders' Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue', window );">Preferred Stock, $1 par value: Authorized - 2 million, Issued - 0</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital', window );">Additional paid-in-capital</a></td>
<td class="nump">417,718<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">407,120<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Retained earnings</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,870,609<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">1,834,057<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(488,564)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="num">(439,580)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue', window );">Treasury stock (Class A - 22,000,203 and 21,853,257 as of October 31, 2018 and April 30, 2018, respectively; Class B - 3,917,574 and 3,917,574 as of October 31, 2018 and April 30, 2018, respectively)</a></td>
<td class="num">(713,553)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="num">(694,222)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Total Shareholders' Equity</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,169,392<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">1,190,557<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,680,831<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">2,839,451<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Shareholders' Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Common Stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">70,125<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">70,111<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Shareholders' Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Common Stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,057<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,071<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Due to the adoption of the new revenue standard, the sales return reserve as of October 31, 2018 of $31.1 million is recorded in Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue). In prior periods, it was recorded as a reduction to Accounts Receivable, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Product development assets consist of composition costs and royalty advances to authors. Composition costs, primarily represent the costs incurred to bring an edited commercial manuscript to publication including typesetting, proofreading, design and illustration, etc. Royalty advances to authors are capitalized and, upon publication, are recovered as royalties earned by the authors based on sales of the published works.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount due from customers or clients, within one year of the balance sheet date (or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer), for goods or services (including trade receivables) that have been delivered or sold in the normal course of business, reduced to the estimated net realizable fair value by an allowance established by the entity of the amount it deems uncertain of collection.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109196051&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of the unpaid sum of the known and estimated amounts payable to satisfy all currently due domestic and foreign income tax obligations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(15)(b)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(15)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(20))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedRoyaltiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred through that date and payable for royalties. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6911-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6935-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedRoyaltiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accumulated change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, net of tax effect, at period end. Excludes Net Income (Loss), and accumulated changes in equity from transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Includes foreign currency translation items, certain pension adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt and equity securities, other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses related to factors other than credit losses on available-for-sale and held-to-maturity debt securities that an entity does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost basis, as well as changes in the fair value of derivatives related to the effective portion of a designated cash flow hedge.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=d3e681-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Excess of issue price over par or stated value of the entity's capital stock and amounts received from other transactions involving the entity's stock or stockholders. Includes adjustments to additional paid in capital. Some examples of such adjustments include recording the issuance of debt with a beneficial conversion feature and certain tax consequences of equity instruments awarded to employees. Use this element for the aggregate amount of additional paid-in capital associated with common and preferred stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only common stock, use the element additional paid in capital, common stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only preferred stock, use the element additional paid in capital, preferred stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdvanceRoyaltiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount paid to music publishers, record producers, songwriters, or other artists in advance of their earning royalties from record or music sales. Such an amount is based on contractual terms and is generally nonrefundable. This amount is expected to be consumed after one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 928<br> -SubTopic 340<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6473541&amp;loc=d3e61799-108003<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdvanceRoyaltiesNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Assets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are recognized. Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(12))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Assets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are expected to be realized in cash, sold, or consumed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer). Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6801-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.9)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable common stock (or common stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable common shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82913815&amp;loc=SL49130532-203044<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82913815&amp;loc=SL49130531-203044<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109196051&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Gross amount of noncurrent deferred tax liabilities, which result from applying the applicable tax rate to taxable temporary differences pertaining to each jurisdiction to which the entity is obligated to pay income tax.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84176650&amp;loc=d3e31917-109318<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilitiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liability, recognized in statement of financial position, for defined benefit pension plan, classified as noncurrent. Excludes other postretirement benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(24))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237824&amp;loc=d3e1731-114919<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237824&amp;loc=d3e1703-114919<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilitiesNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of the carrying values as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred through that date and payable for obligations related to services received from employees, such as accrued salaries and bonuses, payroll taxes and fringe benefits. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Goodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77989000&amp;loc=SL49117168-202975<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99380562&amp;loc=d3e13770-109266<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Goodwill</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts of all intangible assets, excluding goodwill, as of the balance sheet date, net of accumulated amortization and impairment charges.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph ((a)(1),(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6388964&amp;loc=d3e16212-109274<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after valuation and LIFO reserves of inventory expected to be sold, or consumed within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68049868&amp;loc=d3e3927-108312<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Liabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all liabilities that are recognized. Liabilities are probable future sacrifices of economic benefits arising from present obligations of an entity to transfer assets or provide services to other entities in the future.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19-26)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Liabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities and equity items, including the portion of equity attributable to noncontrolling interests, if any.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(25))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(32))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total obligations incurred as part of normal operations that are expected to be paid during the following twelve months or within one business cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.21)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after unamortized (discount) premium and debt issuance costs of long-term debt classified as noncurrent and excluding amounts to be repaid within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer. Includes, but not limited to, notes payable, bonds payable, debentures, mortgage loans and commercial paper. Excludes capital lease obligations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncurrent assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities classified as other, due within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6904-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6911-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities classified as other, due after one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.24)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable preferred stock (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable preferred shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for costs that provide economic benefits in future periods, and amount of other assets that are expected to be realized or consumed within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(7))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(8))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(14))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(8))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(13))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cumulative amount of the reporting entity's undistributed earnings or deficit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.E)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27010918&amp;loc=d3e74512-122707<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(31))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquity</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount allocated to treasury stock. Treasury stock is common and preferred shares of an entity that were issued, repurchased by the entity, and are held in its treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405834&amp;loc=d3e23315-112656<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29,30)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405813&amp;loc=d3e23239-112655<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6779719152">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION - UNAUDITED (Parenthetical) - $ / shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Shareholders' Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Preferred Stock, par value (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Preferred Stock, shares authorized (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,000,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued', window );">Preferred Stock, shares issued (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Shareholders' Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common Stock, par value (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Common Stock, shares authorized (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">180,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">180,000,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Common Stock, shares issued (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">70,124,812<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">70,110,603<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares', window );">Treasury stock (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">22,000,203<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21,853,257<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Shareholders' Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common Stock, par value (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Common Stock, shares authorized (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">72,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">72,000,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Common Stock, shares issued (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,056,858<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,071,067<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares', window );">Treasury stock (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,917,574<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,917,574<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face amount or stated value per share of common stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td>instant</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of common shares permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
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<td>instant</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of common shares of an entity that have been sold or granted to shareholders (includes common shares that were issued, repurchased and remain in the treasury). These shares represent capital invested by the firm's shareholders and owners, and may be all or only a portion of the number of shares authorized. Shares issued include shares outstanding and shares held in the treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face amount or stated value per share of preferred stock nonredeemable or redeemable solely at the option of the issuer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of nonredeemable preferred shares (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of nonredeemable preferred shares (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) issued to shareholders (includes related preferred shares that were issued, repurchased, and remain in the treasury). May be all or portion of the number of preferred shares authorized. Excludes preferred shares that are classified as debt.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of common and preferred shares that were previously issued and that were repurchased by the issuing entity and held in treasury on the financial statement date. This stock has no voting rights and receives no dividends.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29,30)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405813&amp;loc=d3e23239-112655<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6780233136">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME - UNAUDITED - USD ($)<br> shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 448,622<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 451,731<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 859,523<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 863,175<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Costs and Expenses</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold', window );">Cost of sales</a></td>
<td class="nump">120,157<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">119,865<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">234,548<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">234,653<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">Operating and administrative expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">248,627<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">241,301<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">502,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">487,039<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,996<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,406)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">3,910<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,323<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets', window );">Amortization of intangibles</a></td>
<td class="nump">12,367<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,183<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">25,050<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">23,802<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses', window );">Total Costs and Expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">391,147<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">370,943<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">765,908<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">769,817<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Operating Income</a></td>
<td class="nump">57,475<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">80,788<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">93,615<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">93,358<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense', window );">Interest Expense</a></td>
<td class="num">(3,608)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,455)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="num">(6,404)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(6,728)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax', window );">Foreign Exchange Transaction Losses</a></td>
<td class="num">(54)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(416)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="num">(1,783)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,552)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestAndOtherIncome', window );">Interest and Other Income</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,509<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,559<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">4,975<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,494<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Income Before Taxes</a></td>
<td class="nump">56,322<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">79,476<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">90,403<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">85,572<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Provision for Income Taxes</a></td>
<td class="nump">12,538<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19,428<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">20,324<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,288<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net Income</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 43,784<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 60,048<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 70,079<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 69,284<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract', window );"><strong>Earnings Per Share</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic', window );">Basic (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.76<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.06<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.22<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.22<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted', window );">Diluted (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.76<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.04<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.21<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.20<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Weighted Average Number of Common Shares Outstanding</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic', window );">Basic (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">57,379<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">56,875<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">57,392<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">56,948<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding', window );">Diluted (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">57,870<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,554<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">57,955<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,633<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A Common [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendsPerShareAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash Dividends Per Share</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.32<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.66<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.64<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Class B Common [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendsPerShareAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash Dividends Per Share</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.32<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.66<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.64<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="7"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="7"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%">
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Due to the retrospective adoption of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2017-07, total net benefits of $2.0 million and $3.9 million related to the non-service components of defined benefit and other post-employment benefit plans were reclassified from Operating and Administrative Expenses to Interest and Other Income for the three and six months ended October 31, 2017, respectively. Total net benefits related to the non-service components of defined benefit and other post-employment benefit plans were $2.1 million and $4.5 million for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018, respectively. Refer to Note 2, "Recent Accounting Standards," in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[2]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Due to the retrospective adoption of ASU 2017-07, total net benefits of $2.0 million and $3.9 million related to the non-service components of defined benefit and other post-employment benefit plans were reclassified from Operating and Administrative Expenses to Interest Income and Other for the three and six months ended October 31, 2017, respectively. Refer to Note 2, "Recent Accounting Standards," in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information. The impact of the reclassification on Contribution to Profit by segment for the three months ended October 31, 2017 was $1.0 million in Research, $0.6 million in Publishing, and $0.4 million in Corporate expenses. The impact of the reclassification on Contribution to Profit by segment for the six months ended October 31, 2017 was $2.0 million in Research, $1.1 million in Publishing, and $0.8 million in Corporate expenses.</td>
</tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate expense charged against earnings to allocate the cost of intangible assets (nonphysical assets not used in production) in a systematic and rational manner to the periods expected to benefit from such assets. As a noncash expense, this element is added back to net income when calculating cash provided by or used in operations using the indirect method.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate dividends paid during the period for each share of common stock outstanding.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate costs related to goods produced and sold and services rendered by an entity during the reporting period. This excludes costs incurred during the reporting period related to financial services rendered and other revenue generating activities.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total costs of sales and operating expenses for the period.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 52<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109256448&amp;loc=d3e4984-109258<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e1252-109256<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873765&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e1337-109256<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(21))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 60B<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=SL5780133-109256<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(19))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873790&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before tax of foreign currency transaction realized and unrealized gain (loss) recognized in the income statement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450222&amp;loc=d3e30840-110895<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109240200&amp;loc=d3e30700-110894<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109240200&amp;loc=d3e30690-110894<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (loss) from continuing operations before deduction of income tax expense (benefit) and income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest, and addition of income (loss) from equity method investments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h)(1)(i))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109238882&amp;loc=d3e38679-109324<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestAndOtherIncome">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of interest income and other income recognized during the period. Included in this element is interest derived from investments in debt securities, cash and cash equivalents, and other investments which reflect the time value of money or transactions in which the payments are for the use or forbearance of money and other income from ancillary business-related activities (that is, excluding major activities considered part of the normal operations of the business).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestAndOtherIncome</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the cost of borrowed funds accounted for as interest expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450988&amp;loc=d3e26243-108391<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775744&amp;loc=d3e28555-108399<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (210.5-03(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04.9)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873765&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873765&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(18))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873790&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(20))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Generally recurring costs associated with normal operations except for the portion of these expenses which can be clearly related to production and included in cost of sales or services. Includes selling, general and administrative expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingExpenses</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
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<tr>
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<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expenses associated with exit or disposal activities pursuant to an authorized plan. Excludes expenses related to a discontinued operation or an asset retirement obligation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 5.P.3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115931487&amp;loc=d3e140864-122747<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6394359&amp;loc=d3e17939-110869<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 5.P.4(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115931487&amp;loc=d3e140904-122747<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringCharges</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
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<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, excluding tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value added and excise.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109196051&amp;loc=SL49130543-203045<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109196051&amp;loc=SL49130539-203045<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109196051&amp;loc=SL49130545-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating diluted EPS or earnings per unit (EPU), determined based on the timing of issuance of shares or units in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e1505-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of [basic] shares or units, after adjustment for contingently issuable shares or units and other shares or units not deemed outstanding, determined by relating the portion of time within a reporting period that common shares or units have been outstanding to the total time in that period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e1448-109256<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME - UNAUDITED (Parenthetical) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
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<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
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<td class="num">$ (1,683)<span></span>
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<td class="num">$ (3,919)<span></span>
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<td class="num">$ (3,382)<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis=us-gaap_AccountingStandardsUpdate201707Member', window );">ASU 2017-07 Member] | Operating and Administrative Expenses [Member]</a></td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Costs and Expenses</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="num">$ (2,000)<span></span>
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<td class="num">$ (4,500)<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of net periodic benefit cost (credit) for defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=112275985&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6766022064">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - UNAUDITED - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract', window );"><strong>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - UNAUDITED [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net Income</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 43,784<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 60,048<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 70,079<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 69,284<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax', window );">Foreign currency translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="num">(20,424)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,636<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(60,749)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33,041<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax', window );">Unamortized retirement costs, tax provision (benefit) of $1,229, $(131), $3,717, and $(708), respectively</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,387<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(579)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,198<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,526)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax', window );">Unrealized gain on interest rate swaps, tax provision of $245, $249, $449 and $28, respectively</a></td>
<td class="num">(781)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">407<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,433)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">46<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent', window );">Total Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income</a></td>
<td class="num">(16,818)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,464<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(48,984)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">30,561<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax', window );">Comprehensive Income</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 26,966<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 65,512<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 21,095<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 99,845<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income and other comprehensive income, attributable to parent entity. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=d3e557-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873765&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(18))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873790&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(20))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after tax, of gain (loss) for (increase) decrease in value of benefit obligation for change in actuarial assumptions and increase (decrease) in value of plan assets from experience different from that assumed of defined benefit plan, that has not been recognized in net periodic benefit (cost) credit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669646-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax and reclassification adjustments of gain (loss) on foreign currency translation adjustments, foreign currency transactions designated and effective as economic hedges of a net investment in a foreign entity and intra-entity foreign currency transactions that are of a long-term-investment nature.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669646-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -Subparagraph (b,c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109240241&amp;loc=d3e32211-110900<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to parent entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569643-111683<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569616-111683<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in accumulated gain (loss) from derivative instruments designated and qualifying as the effective portion of cash flow hedges and an entity's share of an equity investee's increase (decrease) in deferred hedging gain (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669646-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109978405&amp;loc=d3e80720-113993<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>18
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<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6780502432">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - UNAUDITED (Parenthetical) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodTax', window );">Unamortized retirement costs, tax provision (benefit)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,229<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (131)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,717<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (708)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodTax', window );">Unrealized gain on interest rate swaps, tax provision</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 245<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 249<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 449<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 28<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of tax expense (benefit) for (increase) decrease in value of benefit obligation for change in actuarial assumptions and increase (decrease) in value of plan assets from experience different from that assumed of defined benefit plan, that has not been recognized in net periodic benefit (cost) credit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=d3e640-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of tax expense (benefit), before reclassification adjustments, related to increase (decrease) in accumulated gain (loss) from derivative instruments designated and qualifying as the effective portion of cash flow hedges and an entity's share of an equity investee's increase (decrease) in deferred hedging gain (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=d3e640-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669646-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>19
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6781294000">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW - UNAUDITED - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Operating Activities</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net income</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 70,079<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 69,284<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets', window );">Amortization of intangibles</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">25,050<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">23,802<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets', window );">Amortization of product development spending</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">20,093<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,246<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Depreciation', window );">Depreciation and amortization of technology, property and equipment</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">35,845<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">34,775<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Restructuring charges</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">3,910<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,323<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based compensation expense</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">8,882<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,536<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidRoyalties', window );">Royalty advances</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(50,580)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(46,860)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfAdvanceRoyalty', window );">Earned royalty advances</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">71,317<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">62,993<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsIndefinitelivedExcludingGoodwill', window );">Impairment of publishing brand</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,600<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense', window );">Other non-cash credits</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">7,917<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,634<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapital', window );">Net change in operating assets and liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(313,610)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(250,145)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities', window );">Net Cash Used in Operating Activities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(121,097)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(45,812)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Investing Activities</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets', window );">Product development spending</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(7,815)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(17,927)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Additions to technology, property and equipment</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(34,560)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(53,469)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets', window );">Acquisitions of publication rights and other</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(2,795)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(6,097)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities', window );">Net Cash Used in Investing Activities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(45,170)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(77,493)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Financing Activities</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLongTermDebt', window );">Repayment of long-term debt</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(65,800)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(78,492)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfLongTermDebt', window );">Borrowing of long-term debt</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">245,075<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">275,081<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock', window );">Purchase of treasury shares</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(24,994)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(29,257)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts', window );">Change in book overdrafts</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(3,066)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,629)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock', window );">Cash dividends</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(38,033)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(36,699)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised', window );">Net proceeds from exercise of stock options and other</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">7,283<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,347<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities', window );">Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">120,465<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">135,351<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Effects of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="num">(8,368)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,855<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffectAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect', window );">(Decrease)/Increase for the Period</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="num">(54,170)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,901<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Balance at Beginning of Period</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">170,257<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">58,516<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Balance at End of Period</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">116,087<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">73,417<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash Paid During the Period for:</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet', window );">Interest</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">5,713<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,471<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet', window );">Income taxes, net of refunds</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 18,404<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 26,398<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Due to the retrospective adoption of ASU 2016-18, we are now required to include restricted cash as part of the change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash. As a result, amounts which were previously classified as cash flows from operating activities have been reclassified as they are recognized in the total change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash. Refer to Note 2, "Recent Accounting Standards," in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow for book composition and other product development spending.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The charge against earnings in the period representing the amortization of product development assets, which consist of composition costs and royalty advances to authors.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfAdvanceRoyalty">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The expense charged against earnings for the periodic recognition of the advance royalties. These royalties are paid in one accounting period, but are deducted from earnings over time through amortization. For example, royalties that are required to be paid in advance of production from a mineral, oil, or gas property and amortized over the period of right to produce these items.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AmortizationOfAdvanceRoyalty</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate expense charged against earnings to allocate the cost of intangible assets (nonphysical assets not used in production) in a systematic and rational manner to the periods expected to benefit from such assets. As a noncash expense, this element is added back to net income when calculating cash provided by or used in operations using the indirect method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6388964&amp;loc=d3e16225-109274<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage. Excludes amount for disposal group and discontinued operations. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=SL98516268-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage; including effect from exchange rate change. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 230<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513438&amp;loc=d3e33268-110906<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffectAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffectAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Depreciation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of expense recognized in the current period that reflects the allocation of the cost of tangible assets over the assets' useful lives. Includes production and non-production related depreciation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Depreciation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) from effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage; held in foreign currencies. Excludes amounts for disposal group and discontinued operations. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 230<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513438&amp;loc=d3e33268-110906<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsIndefinitelivedExcludingGoodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of impairment loss resulting from write-down of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance and having a projected indefinite period of benefit to fair value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16373-109275<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsIndefinitelivedExcludingGoodwill</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of cash paid during the current period to foreign, federal, state, and local authorities as taxes on income, net of any cash received during the current period as refunds for the overpayment of taxes.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4297-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapital">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period of all assets and liabilities used in operating activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapital</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidRoyalties">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) of consideration paid in advance for royalties that provide economic benefits in future periods.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidRoyalties</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash paid for interest, excluding capitalized interest, classified as operating activity. Includes, but is not limited to, payment to settle zero-coupon bond for accreted interest of debt discount and debt instrument with insignificant coupon interest rate in relation to effective interest rate of borrowing attributable to accreted interest of debt discount.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4297-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3367-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestPaidNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities, including discontinued operations. Financing activity cash flows include obtaining resources from owners and providing them with a return on, and a return of, their investment; borrowing money and repaying amounts borrowed, or settling the obligation; and obtaining and paying for other resources obtained from creditors on long-term credit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities, including discontinued operations. Investing activity cash flows include making and collecting loans and acquiring and disposing of debt or equity instruments and property, plant, and equipment and other productive assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities, including discontinued operations. Operating activity cash flows include transactions, adjustments, and changes in value not defined as investing or financing activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873765&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(18))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873790&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(20))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (expense) included in net income that results in no cash inflow (outflow), classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow to reacquire common stock during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow in the form of ordinary dividends to common shareholders of the parent entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow to acquire asset without physical form usually arising from contractual or other legal rights, excluding goodwill.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of long-lived, physical assets that are used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale; includes cash outflows to pay for construction of self-constructed assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfLongTermDebt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow from a debt initially having maturity due after one year or beyond the operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfLongTermDebt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net cash inflow or outflow from the excess drawing from an existing cash balance, which will be honored by the bank but reflected as a loan to the drawer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3098-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow from exercise of stock options granted under share-based compensation arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=SL79508275-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLongTermDebt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow for debt initially having maturity due after one year or beyond the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expenses associated with exit or disposal activities pursuant to an authorized plan. Excludes expenses related to a discontinued operation or an asset retirement obligation.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of noncash, equity-based employee remuneration. This may include the value of stock or unit options, amortization of restricted stock or units, and adjustment for officers' compensation. As noncash, this element is an add back when calculating net cash generated by operating activities using the indirect method.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6771009520">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Basis of Presentation<br></strong></div></th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BasisOfAccounting', window );">Basis of Presentation</a></td>
<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 1 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Basis of Presentation</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Throughout this report, when we refer to &#8220;Wiley,&#8221; the &#8220;Company,&#8221; &#8220;we,&#8221; &#8220;our,&#8221; or &#8220;us,&#8221; we are referring to John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. and all our subsidiaries, except where the context indicates otherwise.</div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include all the accounts of the Company and our subsidiaries. We have eliminated all significant intercompany transactions and balances in consolidation. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the Condensed Consolidated Financial Condition, Results of Operations, Comprehensive Income and Cash Flows for the periods presented. Operating results for the interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full year. All amounts are in thousands, except per share amounts, and approximate due to rounding. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the most recent audited consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2018 as filed with the SEC on June 29, 2018 (&#8220;2018 Form 10-K&#8221;).</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in accordance with the interim reporting requirements of the SEC. As permitted under those rules, annual footnotes or other financial information that are normally required by U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted. The preparation of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year&#8217;s presentation.</font></div><div><br /></div></div><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for the basis of accounting, or basis of presentation, used to prepare the financial statements (for example, US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, Other Comprehensive Basis of Accounting, IFRS).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2122369<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6936526368">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Recent Accounting Standards<br></strong></div></th>
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<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 2 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Recent Accounting Standards</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Recently Adopted Accounting Standards</div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In May 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (&#8220;FASB&#8221;) issued ASU 2017-09, &#8220;Compensation&#8212;Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting,&#8221; which clarifies when changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting. Under the new guidance, modification accounting is only required if the fair value, vesting conditions or classification (equity or liability) of the new award are different from the original award immediately before the original award is modified. We adopted ASU 2017-09 on May 1, 2018 and there was no impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements. The new guidance must be applied prospectively to awards modified on or after the adoption date. The future impact of ASU 2017-09 will be dependent on the nature of future stock award modifications.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, &#8220;Compensation&#8212;Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost.&#8221; The guidance requires that the service cost component of net pension and postretirement benefit costs be reported in the same line item as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period, while the other components of net benefit costs must be reported separately from the service cost component and below operating income. The guidance also allows only the service cost component to be eligible for capitalization when applicable. We adopted ASU 2017-07 on May 1, 2018. The new guidance must be applied retrospectively for the presentation of net benefit costs in the income statement and prospectively for the capitalization of the service cost component of net benefit costs.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The effect of retrospectively adopting this guidance resulted in a reclassification of net benefits of $2.0 million and $3.9 million from Operating and Administrative Expenses to Interest and Other Income on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three and six months ended October 31, 2017, respectively. The amount included in Interest and Other Income on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018 was a net benefit of $2.1 million and $4.5 million, respectively. We do not capitalize any service costs.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, &#8220;Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business&#8221;, which clarifies the definition of a business in order to allow for the evaluation of whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions or disposals of assets or business. We adopted ASU 2017-01 on May 1, 2018. The future impact of ASU 2017-01 will be dependent upon the nature of future acquisitions or dispositions made by us.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash. ASU 2016-18 requires that entities include restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents with cash and cash equivalents in the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the Statement of Cash Flows. We adopted ASU 2016-18 on May 1, 2018. Retrospective transition method is to be applied to each period presented. As a result of this retrospective adoption, the reclassification of restricted cash into a change in total cash resulted in a reduction in Cash Used in Operating Activities of $0.5 million for the six months ended October 31, 2017. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.</div><div><br /></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Balance at the Beginning of Period</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2018</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; 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The impact to the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position was not material by line item, except for the amount related to the netting down of the accounts receivable and deferred revenue as described above and a reclassification of the sales return reserve provision to contract liability from accounts receivable, net. As of October 31, 2018, the amount that would have been netted down from accounts receivable, net and deferred revenue prior to the adoption of the new revenue standard would have been $5.8 million. Due to the adoption of the new revenue standard, the sales return reserve provision amount that is included in Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue) on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of October 31, 2018 was $31.1 million.</div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Recently Issued Accounting Standards</div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, &#8220;Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer&#8217;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract.&#8221; ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, &#8220;Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans.&#8221; ASU 2018-14 removes certain disclosures that are not considered cost beneficial, clarifies certain required disclosures and added additional disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2021, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in ASU 2018-14 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis.&#160; We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, &#8220;Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.&#8221; ASU 2018-13 removes certain disclosures, modifies certain disclosures and added additional disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Certain disclosures in ASU 2018-13 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis and others on a prospective basis. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02 &#8220;Income Statement&#8212;Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income,&#8221; which allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2019, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities,&#8221; to simplify and improve the application and financial reporting of hedge accounting. Subsequently, in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-1<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">6, &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap (OIS) Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes&#8221;.&#160; ASU 2017-12</font> eases the requirements for measuring and reporting hedge ineffectiveness and clarifies that changes in the fair value of hedging instruments for cash flow, net investment, and fair value hedges should be reflected in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. The guidance also permits entities to designate specific components in cash flow and interest rate hedges as the hedged risk, instead of using total cash flows. ASU 2018-16 allows the use of the OIS rate based on the SOFR as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for hedge accounting purposes. These ASUs are effective for us on May 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, &#8220;Intangibles&#8211;Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): &#8220;Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment&#8221;, which simplifies the measurement of a potential goodwill impairment charge by eliminating the requirement to calculate an implied fair value of the goodwill based on the fair value of a reporting unit&#8217;s other assets and liabilities. The new guidance eliminates the implied fair value method and instead measures a potential impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit&#8217;s carrying value compared to its fair value. The impairment charge cannot exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Based on our most recent annual goodwill impairment test completed in fiscal year 2018, we expect no initial impact on adoption.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, &#8220;Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.&#8221; Subsequently, in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses&#8221;.&#160; ASU 2016-13 requires entities to measure all expected credit losses for most financial assets held at the reporting date based on an expected loss model which includes historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Entities will now use forward-looking information to better form their credit loss estimates. ASU 2016-13 also requires enhanced disclosures to help financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an entity&#8217;s portfolio. ASU 2016-13 and ASU 2018-19 are effective for us on May 1, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal periods, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)&#8221;. Subsequently, in July 2018 the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, &#8220;Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements&#8221; and ASU 2018-10, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases&#8221;.&#160; ASU 2016-02 requires an entity to recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability for all leases with terms of more than 12 months. Recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses will depend on classification as a finance or operating lease. Similar modifications have been made to lessor accounting in-line with revenue recognition guidance. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. Adoption requires application of the new guidance to the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. ASU 2018-11 provides for an additional (and optional) transition method whereby we can recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening retained earnings in the period of adoption. In addition, ASU 2018-11 provides for a practical expedient to not separate nonlease components from the associated lease component if certain conditions are met. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</font></div><div><br /></div></div><span></span>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6771042384">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock', window );">Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers</a></td>
<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 3 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized using a five-step model consisting of the following: (1) identify the contract with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy a performance obligation. Performance obligations are satisfied when we transfer control of a good or service to a customer, which can occur over time or at a point in time. The amount of revenue recognized is based on the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services, including the expected value of variable consideration. The customer&#8217;s ability and intent to pay the transaction price is assessed in determining whether a contract exists with the customer. If collectability of substantially all the consideration in a contract is not probable, consideration received is not recognized as revenue unless the consideration is nonrefundable, and we no longer have an obligation to transfer additional goods or services to the customer or collectability becomes probable.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Disaggregation of Revenue</div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following tables present our revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017:</div><div><br /></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; 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We sell journal subscriptions</font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">directly through our sales representatives, indirectly through independent subscription agents, through promotional campaigns, and through memberships in professional societies for those journals that are sponsored by societies. Journal subscriptions are primarily licensed through contracts for digital content available online through </font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Wiley Online Library. </font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In March 2018, we migrated our </font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Wiley Online Library</font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> platform to our </font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Literatum </font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">platform, which we acquired as part of our purchase of Atypon Systems, Inc. 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The process that we use to determine our sales returns and the related reserve provision charged against revenue is based on applying an estimated return rate to current year returnable print book sales. This rate is based upon an analysis of actual historical return experience in the various markets and geographic regions in which we do business. We collect, maintain and analyze significant amounts of sales returns data for large volumes of homogeneous transactions. This allows us to make reasonable estimates of the amount of future returns. All available data is utilized to identify the returns by market and to which fiscal year the sales returns apply. This enables management to track the returns in detail and identify and react to trends occurring in the marketplace, with the objective of being able to make the most informed judgments possible in setting reserve rates. 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We allocate revenue to each performance obligation based on its standalone selling price.&#160; Depending on the performance obligation, revenue is recognized at the time the product is delivered and control has passed to the customer or over time due to our stand-ready obligation to provide updates to the customer.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Licensing and distribution services are made available to other publishers under agency arrangements. We also engage in co-publishing titles with international publishers and receive licensing revenue from photocopies, reproductions, translations, and digital uses of our content. Wiley also realizes advertising revenue from branded Web sites (e.g., Dummies.com, etc.) and online applications. Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other contracts are generally multi-year agreements.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Revenue derived from our licensing contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments and sales- or usage-based royalties. Revenue for advance payments is recognized at the point in time that the functional intellectual property license is granted. 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In addition, as it relates to Professional Assessments customers' unexercised rights for situations where we have received a nonrefundable payment for a customer to receive a good or service and the customer is not expected to exercise such right, we will recognize such &#8220;breakage&#8221; amounts as revenue in proportion to the pattern of rights exercised by the customer.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Corporate Learning</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The Corporate Learning business offers online learning and training solutions for global corporations, universities, and small and medium-sized enterprises, which are sold on a subscription or fee basis. 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font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">12,568</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td></tr></table><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -27.1pt; margin-left: 27.1pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><sup>(1) </sup>As noted above, prior period amounts have not been adjusted under the modified retrospective method.</font></div><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -8.85pt; margin-left: 8.85pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><sup>(2) </sup>Due to the adoption of the new revenue standard, the sales return reserve as of October 31, 2018 of $31.1 million is recorded in Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue). In prior periods, it was recorded as a reduction to Accounts Receivable, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revenue recognized for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018 relating to the contract liability at April 30, 2018 was $190.5 million and $386.8 million, respectively.</div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Remaining Performance Obligations included in Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue)</div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As of October 31, 2018, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations is approximately $249.8 million. We expect that approximately $237.2 million will be recognized in the next twelve months with the remaining $12.6 million to be recognized thereafter.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">Assets Recognized for the Costs to Fulfill a Contract</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Costs to fulfill a contract are directly related to a contract that will be used to satisfy a performance obligation in the future and are expected to be recovered. These types of costs are incurred in the following revenue streams, (1) <font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) and (2) Education Services (OPM).</font></font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Our assets associated with incremental costs to fulfill a contract were $6.6 million at October 31, 2018 and are included within Other Non-Current Assets on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. We recorded amortization expense of $0.4 million and $1.2 million during the three and six months ended October 31, 2018 related to these assets within Cost of Sales on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, respectively. The costs related to Education Services (OPM) were previously included in Product Development Assets on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. Certain costs related to <font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) were previously included in </font>Technology, Property and Equipment, net on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Sales and value-added taxes are excluded from revenues. Shipping and handling costs, which are primarily incurred within the Publishing segment, occur before the transfer of control of the related goods. Therefore, in accordance with the new revenue standard, it is not considered a promised service to the customer and would be considered a cost to fulfill our promise to transfer the goods. Costs incurred for third party shipping and handling are reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. We incurred $8.6 million and $16.5 million in shipping and handling costs in the three and six months ended October 31, 2018, respectively. We incurred $8.8 million and $16.6 million in shipping and handling costs in the three and six months ended October 31, 2017, respectively.</div><div><br /></div></div><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts.</p></div>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock', window );">Stock-Based Compensation</a></td>
<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 4 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Stock-Based Compensation</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We have stock-based compensation plans under which employees may be granted performance-based stock awards and other restricted stock awards.&#160; Prior to fiscal year 2017, we also granted options to purchase shares of our common stock at the fair market value at the time of grant. We recognize the grant date fair value of stock-based compensation in net income on a straight-line basis, net of estimated forfeitures over the requisite service period. The measurement of performance for performance-based stock awards is based on actual financial results for targets established three years in advance. For the three months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017, we recognized stock-based compensation expense, on a pre-tax basis, of $5.0 million and $4.0 million, respectively. For the six months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017, we recognized stock-based compensation expense, on a pre-tax basis, of $8.9 million and $2.5 million, respectively.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes restricted stock awards we granted:</div><div><br /></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Six Months Ended</font></div><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for compensation-related costs for equity-based compensation, which may include disclosure of policies, compensation plan details, allocation of equity compensation, incentive distributions, equity-based arrangements to obtain goods and services, deferred compensation arrangements, employee stock ownership plan details and employee stock purchase plan details.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2228938<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 50<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&amp;trid=2208855<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6771033904">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxAbstract', window );"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock', window );">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</a></td>
<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 5 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by component, net of tax, for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017 were as follows:</div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</font></div><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Currency Translation</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Unamortized</font></div><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Retirement Costs</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; 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vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(20,424</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">3,273</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">543</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; 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width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1,324</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(210</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total other comprehensive (loss) income</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; 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vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(16,818</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Balance at October 31, 2018</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(312,322</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(177,828</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">1,586</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(488,564</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; 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vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Balance at July 31, 2017</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; 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vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2,066</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(482,190</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; 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text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">4,201</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1,094</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">169</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1,263</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total other comprehensive income (loss)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">5,636</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(579</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">407</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">5,464</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; 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width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(193,028</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2,473</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(476,726</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Balance at April 30, 2017</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(319,212</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(190,502</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2,427</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; 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vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">30,561</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Balance at October 31, 2017</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; 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border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(193,028</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; 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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding and Share Repurchases<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock', window );">Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding and Share Repurchases</a></td>
<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 6 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding and Share Repurchases</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A reconciliation of the shares used in the computation of earnings per share follows:</div><div><br /></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 53.93%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td><td colspan="5" style="width: 22.19%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; 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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Restructuring and Related Charges<br></strong></div></th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Restructuring and Related Charges</a></td>
<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 7 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Restructuring and Related Charges</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Beginning in fiscal year 2013, we initiated a program (the &#8220;Restructuring and Reinvestment Program&#8221;) to restructure and realign our cost base with current and anticipated future market conditions. 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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Segment Information<br></strong></div></th>
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<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 8 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Segment Information</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We report our segment information in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 280.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Segment information is as follows:</div><div><br /></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.</p></div>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Inventories<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Inventories</a></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6770922016">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Goodwill and Intangible Assets<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Goodwill and Intangible Assets</a></td>
<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 10 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Goodwill and Intangible Assets</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Goodwill</div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The following table summarizes the activity in goodwill by segment as of October 31, 2018:</font></div><div><br /></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; 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font-size: 10pt;">In conjunction with a business review performed in the Publishing segment associated with the restructuring activities disclosed in Note 7, &#8220;Restructuring and Related Charges&#8221;, in the three months ended July 31, 2017, we identified an indefinite lived brand with forecasted cash flows that did not support its carrying value. As a result, an impairment charge of $3.6 million was recorded in the three months ended July 31, 2017 to reduce the carrying value of the brand to its fair value of $1.2 million, which is being amortized over its estimated remaining useful life. This impairment charge was included in Operating and Administrative Expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for fiscal year 2018.</div><div><br /></div></div><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for goodwill and intangible assets.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6712691936">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Taxes<br></strong></div></th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Income Taxes</a></td>
<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 11 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Income Taxes</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The effective tax rate for the three months ended October 31, 2018 was 22.3%, compared to 24.4% for the three months ended October 31, 2017. The effective tax rate for the six months ended October 31, 2018 was 22.5% compared to 19.0% in the prior year period. The rate for the three months ended October 31, 2018 was lower than the prior year&#8217;s rate for the same period primarily due to the reduced statutory tax rate in the U.S., as well as, to a smaller extent, a more favorable earnings mix. The rate for the six months ended October 31, 2017 benefitted from large equity compensation deductions from significant vesting of restricted stock and other one-time adjustments. Excluding those items, the rate would have been 24.4% for the six months ended October 31, 2017 compared to 22.5% in the six months ended October 31, 2018, primarily due to the reduced statutory tax rate in the U.S. and more favorable earnings mix during the current period.</div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">The Tax Act</div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive Federal tax legislation originally known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the "Tax Act").&#160; The Tax Act significantly revised the future ongoing U.S. corporate income tax system by, among other changes, the following:</font></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;">&#183;</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">lowering the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate to 21% with a potentially lower rate for certain foreign derived income,</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;">&#183;</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">accelerating deductions for certain business assets,</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;">&#183;</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">changing the U.S. system from a worldwide tax system,</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;">&#183;</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">requiring companies to pay a one-time transition tax on post-1986 unrepatriated cumulative non-U.S. earnings and profits ("E&amp;P") of foreign subsidiaries,</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;">&#183;</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">eliminating certain deductions such as the domestic production deduction,</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;">&#183;</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">establishing limitations on the deductibility of certain expenses including interest and executive compensation, and</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;">&#183;</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">creating new taxes on certain foreign earnings.</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In December 2017, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (&#8220;SAB 118&#8221;), which allows us to record provisional amounts related to the Tax Act during a measurement period not to extend beyond one year of the enactment date. In fiscal year 2018, we estimated a provisional estimated net tax benefit of $25.1 million related to the Tax Act. We are still analyzing certain aspects of the Tax Act, including without limitation certain foreign tax credit related calculations and the state and local tax effect of deemed and actual repatriation as well as the new provisions mentioned below, and refining our calculations, including our estimates of expected reversals, which could affect the measurement of these balances and give rise to new deferred tax amounts. As the Tax Act was passed late in December 2017 and ongoing guidance and accounting interpretation are expected over the 12 months following enactment, we consider the accounting for the transition tax and other items included last year, as well as items described below which were included in the six months ended October 31, 2018, to be provisional due to the forthcoming guidance and our ongoing analysis of final data and tax positions. We expect to complete our analysis within the measurement period in accordance with SAB 118.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The Tax Act created new taxes, effective for us on May 1, 2018, including a provision designed to tax certain global income ("GILTI"), a base erosion anti-abuse tax ("BEAT") as well as a new deduction for certain foreign derived intangible income (&#8220;FDII&#8221;). We recorded a minor provisional benefit during the six months ended October 31, 2018. We expect to adjust this provisional amount as additional guidance is provided.</font></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div></div><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2144680<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6661755408">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Retirement Plans<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th></tr>
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<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 12 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Retirement Plans</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The components of net pension expense (income) for our global defined benefit plans were as follows:</div><div><br /></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</font></div><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31,</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Six Months Ended</font></div><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31,</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; 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width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(23</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(48</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(48</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; 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vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1,534</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2,908</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">3,035</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Net pension income</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(1,872</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1,683</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(3,919</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(3,382</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td></tr></table><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We adopted ASU 2017-07, &#8220;Compensation&#8212;Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost,&#8221; on May 1, 2018.&#160; Refer to Note 2, "Recent Accounting Standards," in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information. The guidance requires that the service cost component of net pension and postretirement benefit costs be reported in the same line item as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period. Such amounts are reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. The guidance requires that the other components of net benefit costs be reported separately from the service cost component and below operating income. Such amounts are reflected in Interest Income and Other on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. We were required to retrospectively adopt this guidance.</div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Employer defined benefit pension plan contributions were $3.5 million and $2.8 million for the three months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, <font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">and $7.1 million and $5.6 million for the six months ended </font>October 31, 2018 and 2017<font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, respectively.</font></font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The expense for employer defined contribution plans were approximately $2.8 million and $3.0 million for the three months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively<font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, and $7.3 million and $7.9 million for the six months ended </font>October 31, 2018 and 2017<font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, respectively</font>.</font></div><div><br /></div></div><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for pension and other postretirement benefits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2235017<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6644971632">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities<br></strong></div></th>
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<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 13 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">From time-to-time, we enter into forward exchange and interest rate swap contracts as a hedge against foreign currency asset and liability commitments, changes in interest rates and anticipated transaction exposures, including intercompany purchases. All derivatives are recognized as assets or liabilities and measured at fair value on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Derivatives that are not determined to be effective hedges are adjusted to fair value with a corresponding adjustment to earnings. We do not use financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Interest Rate Contracts</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We had $537.3 million of variable rate loans outstanding at October 31, 2018, which approximated fair value.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As of October 31, 2018 and 2017 the interest rate swap agreements maintained by us were designated as cash flow hedges as defined under ASC 815 &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging.&#8221; As a result, there was no impact on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps as they were fully offset by changes in the interest expense on the underlying variable rate debt instruments.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">On April 4, 2016, we entered into a forward starting interest rate swap agreement which fixed a portion of the variable interest due on a variable rate debt renewal on May 16, 2016. Under the terms of the agreement, we pay a fixed rate of 0.92% and receive a variable rate of interest based on one-month LIBOR from the counterparty which is reset every month for a three-year period ending May 15, 2019. As of October 31, 2018 and April 30, 2018, the notional amount of the interest rate swap was $350.0 million.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We record the fair value of our interest rate swaps on a recurring basis using Level 2 inputs of quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets. The fair value of the interest rate swaps as of October 31, 2018 and April 30, 2018 was a deferred gain of $3.3 million and $5.1 million, respectively. Based on the maturity dates of the contracts, the entire deferred gain as of October 31, 2018 was recorded within Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets and as of April 30, 2018 was recorded within Other Non-Current Assets. The pre-tax gains that were reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Interest Expense for the three months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017 were $1.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively. <font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The pre-tax gains that were reclassified from Accumulated Other Compensation Loss into Interest Expense for the six&#160;months ended </font>October 31, 2018 and 2017<font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;were&#160;$2.0 million&#160;and&#160;$0.4 million, respectively.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Foreign Currency Contracts</div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We may enter into forward exchange contracts to manage our exposure on certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. The forward exchange contracts are marked to market through Foreign Exchange Transaction (Losses) Gains in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and carried at their fair value in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities are remeasured at spot rates in effect on the balance sheet date, with the effects of changes in spot rates reported in Foreign Exchange Transaction (Losses) Gains.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As of October 31, 2018, and April 30, 2018, we did not maintain any open forward exchange contracts. In addition, we did not maintain any open forward contracts during the six months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017.</font></div><div><br /></div></div><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for derivative instruments and hedging activities including, but not limited to, risk management strategies, non-hedging derivative instruments, assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and methodologies and assumptions used in determining the amounts.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2229140<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6712692768">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Commitments and Contingencies<br></strong></div></th>
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<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 14 </font>&#8212;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Commitments and Contingencies</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We are involved in routine litigation in the ordinary course of our business. A provision for litigation is accrued when information available to us indicates that it is probable a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgment may be required to determine both the probability and estimates of loss. When the amount of the loss can only be estimated within a range, the most likely outcome within that range is accrued. If no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, the minimum amount within the range is accrued. When uncertainties exist related to the probable outcome of litigation and/or the amount or range of loss, we do not record a liability, but disclose facts related to the nature of the contingency and possible losses if management considers the information to be material. Reserves for legal defense costs are recognized when incurred. The accruals for loss contingencies and legal costs are reviewed regularly and may be adjusted to reflect updated information on the status of litigation and advice of legal counsel. In the opinion of management, the ultimate resolution of all pending litigation as of October 31, 2018, will not have a material effect upon our Condensed Consolidated Financial Condition or Results of Operations.</font></div><div><br /></div></div><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for commitments and contingencies.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 450<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2127136<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 440<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2144648<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6770893392">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Subsequent Event<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 15 &#8211; Subsequent Event</div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">On November 1, 2018, we completed the acquisition of The Learning House, Inc. (&#8220;Learning House&#8221;) a diversified education services provider for $200 million in cash. Headquartered in Louisville, KY, Learning House provides online program management (OPM) services including graduate and undergraduate programs; short courses, boot camps, and other skills training and credentialing for students and professionals; pathway services for international students<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">; </font>professional development services for teachers; and learning solutions for corporate clients.&#160; The results of operations of Learning House will be included in our Solutions segment.</font></div><div><br /></div></div><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for significant events or transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date through the date the financial statements were issued or the date the financial statements were available to be issued. Examples include: the sale of a capital stock issue, purchase of a business, settlement of litigation, catastrophic loss, significant foreign exchange rate changes, loans to insiders or affiliates, and transactions not in the ordinary course of business.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 855<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2122774<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6923393296">
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<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Throughout this report, when we refer to &#8220;Wiley,&#8221; the &#8220;Company,&#8221; &#8220;we,&#8221; &#8220;our,&#8221; or &#8220;us,&#8221; we are referring to John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. and all our subsidiaries, except where the context indicates otherwise.</div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include all the accounts of the Company and our subsidiaries. We have eliminated all significant intercompany transactions and balances in consolidation. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the Condensed Consolidated Financial Condition, Results of Operations, Comprehensive Income and Cash Flows for the periods presented. Operating results for the interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full year. All amounts are in thousands, except per share amounts, and approximate due to rounding. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the most recent audited consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2018 as filed with the SEC on June 29, 2018 (&#8220;2018 Form 10-K&#8221;).</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in accordance with the interim reporting requirements of the SEC. As permitted under those rules, annual footnotes or other financial information that are normally required by U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted. The preparation of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year&#8217;s presentation.</font></div><div><br /></div></div><span></span>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6763134496">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Recent Accounting Standards (Policies)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesAbstract', window );"><strong>Recent Accounting Standards [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Recently Adopted Accounting Standards</a></td>
<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Recently Adopted Accounting Standards</div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In May 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (&#8220;FASB&#8221;) issued ASU 2017-09, &#8220;Compensation&#8212;Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting,&#8221; which clarifies when changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting. Under the new guidance, modification accounting is only required if the fair value, vesting conditions or classification (equity or liability) of the new award are different from the original award immediately before the original award is modified. We adopted ASU 2017-09 on May 1, 2018 and there was no impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements. The new guidance must be applied prospectively to awards modified on or after the adoption date. The future impact of ASU 2017-09 will be dependent on the nature of future stock award modifications.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, &#8220;Compensation&#8212;Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost.&#8221; The guidance requires that the service cost component of net pension and postretirement benefit costs be reported in the same line item as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period, while the other components of net benefit costs must be reported separately from the service cost component and below operating income. The guidance also allows only the service cost component to be eligible for capitalization when applicable. We adopted ASU 2017-07 on May 1, 2018. The new guidance must be applied retrospectively for the presentation of net benefit costs in the income statement and prospectively for the capitalization of the service cost component of net benefit costs.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The effect of retrospectively adopting this guidance resulted in a reclassification of net benefits of $2.0 million and $3.9 million from Operating and Administrative Expenses to Interest and Other Income on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three and six months ended October 31, 2017, respectively. The amount included in Interest and Other Income on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018 was a net benefit of $2.1 million and $4.5 million, respectively. We do not capitalize any service costs.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, &#8220;Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business&#8221;, which clarifies the definition of a business in order to allow for the evaluation of whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions or disposals of assets or business. We adopted ASU 2017-01 on May 1, 2018. The future impact of ASU 2017-01 will be dependent upon the nature of future acquisitions or dispositions made by us.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, &#8220;Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other than Inventory&#8221;, which simplifies the accounting for the income tax consequences of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory. Current U.S. GAAP prohibits the recognition of current and deferred income taxes for an intra-entity asset transfer until the asset has been sold to an outside party. The new guidance states that an entity should recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs. Consequently, the amendments in this Standard eliminate the exception for an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory. We adopted ASU 2016-16 on May 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2016-16 did not have a material impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements.</div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, &#8220;Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments,&#8221; which provides clarification on classifying a variety of activities within the Statement of Cash Flows. We adopted ASU 2016-15 on May 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2016-15 did not have a material impact to our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, &#8220;Financial Instruments&#8212;Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.&#8221; Subsequently, the FASB issued ASU 2018-03, &#8220;Technical Corrections and Improvements to Financial Instruments-Overall.&#8221;&#160; ASU 2016-01 requires equity investments except those under the equity method of accounting to be measured at fair value with the changes in fair value recognized in net income. The amendment simplifies the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment to identify impairment. In addition, it also requires enhanced disclosures about investments. We adopted ASU 2016-01 on May 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2016- 01 did not have a material impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers," (Topic 606) which superseded most existing revenue recognition guidance. We adopted ASU 2014-09 on May 1, 2018. The standard allows for either "full retrospective" adoption, meaning the standard is applied to all periods presented, or "modified retrospective" adoption, meaning the standard is applied only to the most current period presented in the financial statements. Subsequently, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) &#8211; Principal versus Agent Considerations", ASU 2016-10, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) &#8211; Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing", ASU 2016-12, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) &#8211; Narrow Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients", and ASU 2016-20, "Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers," which provide clarification and additional guidance related to ASU 2014-09. We also adopted ASU 2016-08, ASU 2016-10, ASU 2016-12, and ASU 2016-20 with ASU 2014-09 (collectively, the &#8220;new revenue standard&#8221;) on May 1, 2018.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We utilized a comprehensive approach to assess the impact of the new revenue standard on our contract portfolio by reviewing our current accounting policies and practices to identify differences that would result from applying the new revenue standard to our revenue contracts. Additionally, we reviewed customer agreements representative of our business models and assessed whether changes in revenue recognition were appropriate under the new revenue standard.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We adopted the new revenue standard as of May 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective method. The adoption of the new revenue standard did not have a material impact to our consolidated revenues, financial position, or results of operations. Upon adoption, we recorded an immaterial net increase to opening retained earnings resulting from the change in timing of when certain components of our revenue is recognized as required under the new revenue standard as compared to historical policies. Such changes include:</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 27.1pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(i)</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">perpetual licenses granted in connection with other deliverables; revenue that was previously recognized over the life of the associated subscription for future content is now recognized at a point in time, which is when access to content is initially granted,</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 27.1pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(ii)</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">customers&#8217; unexercised rights; revenue which was previously recognized at the end of a pre-determined period for situations where we have received a nonrefundable payment for a customer to receive a good or service and the customer has not exercised such right is now recognized as revenue in proportion to the pattern of rights exercised by the customer,</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 27.1pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(iii)</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">recognition of estimated revenue from royalty agreements in the period of usage, and</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 27.1pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(iv)</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">recognition of revenue for certain arrangements with minimum guarantees on a time-based (straight-line) basis due to a stand-ready obligation to provide additional rights to content.</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The adoption of the new revenue standard resulted in the discontinuance of the historical practice of presenting accounts receivable and deferred revenue balances on a net basis for some of our subscription licensing agreements where we have invoiced a customer in advance of the related revenue being recognized and payment has not yet been received. 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background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1,838,560</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td></tr></table><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The impact of the adoption of the new revenue standard on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income was $10.2 million and $11.5 million in revenue, net, for the three months and six months ended October 31, 2018, respectively, and was $2.4 million in cost of sales for both the three and six months ended October 31, 2018. The impact to the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position was not material by line item, except for the amount related to the netting down of the accounts receivable and deferred revenue as described above and a reclassification of the sales return reserve provision to contract liability from accounts receivable, net. As of October 31, 2018, the amount that would have been netted down from accounts receivable, net and deferred revenue prior to the adoption of the new revenue standard would have been $5.8 million. Due to the adoption of the new revenue standard, the sales return reserve provision amount that is included in Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue) on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of October 31, 2018 was $31.1 million.</div><div><br /></div></div><span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock', window );">Recently Issued Accounting Standards</a></td>
<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Recently Issued Accounting Standards</div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, &#8220;Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer&#8217;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract.&#8221; ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, &#8220;Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans.&#8221; ASU 2018-14 removes certain disclosures that are not considered cost beneficial, clarifies certain required disclosures and added additional disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2021, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in ASU 2018-14 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis.&#160; We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, &#8220;Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.&#8221; ASU 2018-13 removes certain disclosures, modifies certain disclosures and added additional disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Certain disclosures in ASU 2018-13 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis and others on a prospective basis. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02 &#8220;Income Statement&#8212;Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income,&#8221; which allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2019, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities,&#8221; to simplify and improve the application and financial reporting of hedge accounting. Subsequently, in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-1<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">6, &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap (OIS) Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes&#8221;.&#160; ASU 2017-12</font> eases the requirements for measuring and reporting hedge ineffectiveness and clarifies that changes in the fair value of hedging instruments for cash flow, net investment, and fair value hedges should be reflected in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. The guidance also permits entities to designate specific components in cash flow and interest rate hedges as the hedged risk, instead of using total cash flows. ASU 2018-16 allows the use of the OIS rate based on the SOFR as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for hedge accounting purposes. These ASUs are effective for us on May 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, &#8220;Intangibles&#8211;Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): &#8220;Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment&#8221;, which simplifies the measurement of a potential goodwill impairment charge by eliminating the requirement to calculate an implied fair value of the goodwill based on the fair value of a reporting unit&#8217;s other assets and liabilities. The new guidance eliminates the implied fair value method and instead measures a potential impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit&#8217;s carrying value compared to its fair value. The impairment charge cannot exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Based on our most recent annual goodwill impairment test completed in fiscal year 2018, we expect no initial impact on adoption.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, &#8220;Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.&#8221; Subsequently, in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses&#8221;.&#160; ASU 2016-13 requires entities to measure all expected credit losses for most financial assets held at the reporting date based on an expected loss model which includes historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Entities will now use forward-looking information to better form their credit loss estimates. ASU 2016-13 also requires enhanced disclosures to help financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an entity&#8217;s portfolio. ASU 2016-13 and ASU 2018-19 are effective for us on May 1, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal periods, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)&#8221;. Subsequently, in July 2018 the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, &#8220;Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements&#8221; and ASU 2018-10, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases&#8221;.&#160; ASU 2016-02 requires an entity to recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability for all leases with terms of more than 12 months. Recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses will depend on classification as a finance or operating lease. Similar modifications have been made to lessor accounting in-line with revenue recognition guidance. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. Adoption requires application of the new guidance to the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. ASU 2018-11 provides for an additional (and optional) transition method whereby we can recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening retained earnings in the period of adoption. In addition, ASU 2018-11 provides for a practical expedient to not separate nonlease components from the associated lease component if certain conditions are met. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</font></div><div><br /></div></div><span></span>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6771008144">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers (Policies)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerPolicyTextBlock', window );">Revenue from Contract with Customer Policy</a></td>
<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Description of Revenue Generating Activities</div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We generate our revenues from sales from our three reportable segments. We report our segment information in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 280, &#8220;Segment Reporting&#8221; (&#8220;FASB ASC Topic 280&#8221;).&#160;Our segment reporting structure consists of three reportable segments, which are listed below, and a Corporate category:</font></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Research,</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; 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font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Open Access,</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other, and</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Publishing Technology Services (Atypon).</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Journal Subscriptions</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We publish approximately 1,700 academic research journals. We sell journal subscriptions</font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">directly through our sales representatives, indirectly through independent subscription agents, through promotional campaigns, and through memberships in professional societies for those journals that are sponsored by societies. Journal subscriptions are primarily licensed through contracts for digital content available online through </font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Wiley Online Library. </font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In March 2018, we migrated our </font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Wiley Online Library</font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> platform to our </font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Literatum </font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">platform, which we acquired as part of our purchase of Atypon Systems, Inc. (</font>&#8220;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Atypon</font>&#8221;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">) in fiscal year 2017. Contracts are negotiated by us directly with customers or their subscription agents. Subscription periods typically cover calendar years. Print journals are generally mailed to subscribers directly from independent printers.&#160;We do not own or manage printing facilities.&#160;Subscription revenue is generally collected in advance.</font></font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In a </font>typical journal subscription sale, there is a written agreement between us and our customer that cover multiple years.&#160; However, we typically account for these agreements as one-year contracts because our enforceable rights under the agreements are subject to an annual confirmation and negotiation process with the customer.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In journal subscriptions, multiple performance obligations exist, which include a stand-ready promise to provide access to new content for one year and a perpetual license for access to historical journal content. The transaction price consists of fixed consideration.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We allocate revenue to the stand-ready promise to provide access to new content for one year based on its standalone selling price and the revenue for new content is recognized over time as we have a continuous stand-ready obligation to provide the right of access to additional intellectual property. The allocation of revenue to the perpetual licenses for access to historical journal content is done using the expected cost plus a margin approach as permitted by the new revenue standard. Revenue is recognized at the point in time when access to historical content is initially granted.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Open Access</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Under the Author-Funded Access business model, accepted research articles are published subject to payment of Article Publication Charges (&#8220;APC&#8221;). All Author-Funded Access articles are immediately free to access online. Contributors of Author-Funded Access articles retain many rights and typically license their work under terms that permit re-use. Author-Funded Access offers authors choices in how to share and disseminate their work, and it serves the needs of researchers who may be required by their research funder to make articles freely accessible without embargo. APCs are typically paid by the individual author or by the author&#8217;s funder, and payments are often mediated by the author&#8217;s institution. We provide specific workflows and infrastructure to authors, funders and institutions to support the requirements of the Author-Funded Access model.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Customers in open access are typically individual educational institutions or a consortium of universities. Under the Author-Funded Access model, we have a signed contract with the customer that contains enforceable rights.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The Author-Funded Access model in a typical model includes an over-time single performance obligation that combines a promise to host the customer&#8217;s content on our open access platform, and a promise to provide a discount on APCs of eligible users (as defined in the contract) in exchange for an upfront payment. Enforceable right to payment occurs over time as we fulfill our obligation to provide a discount to eligible users, as defined, on future APCs. Therefore, the upfront payment is deferred and recognized over time.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles, and Other includes advertising, backfile sales, the licensing of publishing rights, journal and article reprints, and individual article sales.&#160;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">A backfile</font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">license provides access to a historical collection of Wiley journals, generally for a one-time fee.&#160;</font></font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Within Licensing, the revenue derived from these contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments, including minimum guarantees and sales- or usage-based royalty agreements. For our sales-or usage-based royalty agreements, we recognize revenue in the period of usage based on the amounts earned. We record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts. We also have certain licenses whereby we receive a non-refundable minimum guarantee against a volume-based royalty throughout the term of the agreement. We recognize revenue for the minimum guarantee on a straight-line basis over the term of the agreement because of the stand-ready promise to provide updates during the subscription period. We recognize volume-based royalty income only when cumulative consideration exceeds the minimum guarantee.</font></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"></font><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Reprints contracts generally contain a single performance obligation which is the delivery of printed articles. Revenue is recognized at the time of delivery of the printed articles.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">For Backfiles, the performance obligation is the granting of a functional intellectual property license. Revenue is recognized at the time the functional intellectual property license is granted.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other includes our Article Select offering, whereby we have a single performance obligation to our customers to give access to an article through the purchase of a token. The customer redeems the token for access to the article for a 24-hour period. The customer purchases the tokens with an upfront cash payment. Revenue is recognized when access to the article is provided.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Publishing Technology Services (Atypon)</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Atypon is a publishing software and service provider that enables scholarly and professional societies and publishers to deliver, host, enhance, market, and manage their content on the web through the <font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Literatum</font> platform.&#160;The duration of these contracts is generally multi-year ranging from 2-5 years. Atypon contracts typically include a single performance obligation for the implementation and hosting subscription services. The transaction price is fixed which may include price escalators that are fixed increases per year, and therefore, revenue is recognized upon the initiation of the subscription period and straight-lined over the contract period.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Publishing Segment</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Included within the Publishing segment are the following revenue streams:</font></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">STM (Scientific, Technical and Medical) and Professional Publishing,</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Education Publishing,</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Course Workflow (WileyPLUS),</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Test Preparation and Certification, and</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other.</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">STM (Scientific, Technical and Medical) and Professional Publishing and Education Publishing</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">STM books are sold and distributed globally in digital and print formats through multiple channels, including research libraries and library consortia, independent subscription agents, direct sales to professional society members, bookstores, online booksellers, and other customers.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Professional books, which include business and finance, technology, and other professional categories, as well as the <font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">For Dummies </font>brand, are sold to bookstores and online booksellers serving the general public, wholesalers who supply such bookstores, warehouse clubs, college bookstores, individual practitioners, industrial organizations and government agencies. We employ sales representatives who call upon independent bookstores, national and regional chain bookstores, and wholesalers. Sales of professional books also result from direct mail campaigns, telemarketing, online access, advertising, and reviews in periodicals.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Education textbooks and related supplementary material and digital products are sold primarily to bookstores and online booksellers serving both for-profit and nonprofit educational institutions (primarily colleges and universities), and direct-to-students. We employ sales representatives who call on faculty responsible for selecting books to be used in courses, and on the bookstores that serve such institutions and their students. The textbook business is seasonal, with the majority of textbook sales occurring during the July-through-October and December-through-January periods. Book sales for STM, Professional and Education Publishing are generally made on a returnable basis with certain restrictions.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Our performance obligations as it relates to STM, Professional and Education Publishing are primarily book products delivered in both print and digital form which could include a single or multiple performance obligations based on the number of International Standard Book Number (&#8220;ISBN&#8217;s&#8221;) purchased.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">This revenue stream also includes variable consideration as it relates to discounts and returns for both print and digital books.&#160; Discounts are identifiable by performance obligation and therefore are applied at the point of sale by performance obligation. The process that we use to determine our sales returns and the related reserve provision charged against revenue is based on applying an estimated return rate to current year returnable print book sales. This rate is based upon an analysis of actual historical return experience in the various markets and geographic regions in which we do business. We collect, maintain and analyze significant amounts of sales returns data for large volumes of homogeneous transactions. This allows us to make reasonable estimates of the amount of future returns. All available data is utilized to identify the returns by market and to which fiscal year the sales returns apply. This enables management to track the returns in detail and identify and react to trends occurring in the marketplace, with the objective of being able to make the most informed judgments possible in setting reserve rates. Associated with the estimated sales return reserves, we also include a related reduction in inventory and royalty costs as a result of the expected returns.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As it relates to print and digital books within the STM, Professional and Education Publishing, revenue is recognized at the point when control of product transfers, which for print is upon shipment or for digital when fulfillment of the products has been rendered.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Course Workflow (WileyPLUS)</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We offer high-quality online learning solutions, including WileyPLUS, a research-based, online environment for effective teaching and learning that is integrated with a complete digital textbook. Course Workflow customers purchase access codes to utilize the product.&#160; This could include a single or multiple performance obligations based on the number of course ISBN&#8217;s purchased. 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This revenue stream includes multiple performance obligations as it relates to the on-line and printed course materials, including such items as text books, e-books, video lectures, flashcards, study guides and test banks. The transaction price is fixed, however, discounts are offered and returns of certain products are allowed. We allocate revenue to each performance obligation based on its standalone selling price.&#160; Depending on the performance obligation, revenue is recognized at the time the product is delivered and control has passed to the customer or over time due to our stand-ready obligation to provide updates to the customer.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Licensing and distribution services are made available to other publishers under agency arrangements. We also engage in co-publishing titles with international publishers and receive licensing revenue from photocopies, reproductions, translations, and digital uses of our content. Wiley also realizes advertising revenue from branded Web sites (e.g., Dummies.com, etc.) and online applications. Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other contracts are generally multi-year agreements.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Revenue derived from our licensing contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments and sales- or usage-based royalties. Revenue for advance payments is recognized at the point in time that the functional intellectual property license is granted. For sales- or usage- based royalties, we record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Solutions Segment</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Included within the Solutions segment are the following revenue streams:</font></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Education Services (OPM),</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Professional Assessment, and</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 18pt;"></td><td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#9679;</font></td><td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Corporate Learning.</font></div></td></tr></table></div></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Education Services (OPM)</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As student demand for online degree and certificate programs continues to increase, traditional institutions are partnering with <font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Online Program Management (&#8220;</font>OPM&#8221;) providers to develop and support these programs. Education Services (OPM) include market research, marketing, student recruitment, enrollment support, proactive retention support, academic services to design courses, faculty support, and access to the Engage Learning Management System, which facilitates the online education experience. Revenue is derived from pre-negotiated contracts with institutions that provide for a share of tuition generated from students who enroll in a program. The duration of Education Services (OPM) contracts are generally multi-year agreements ranging from a period of 7-10 years, with some having optional renewal periods.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Education Services (OPM) includes a single performance obligation for the services provided because of the integrated technology and services our institutional clients need to attract, enroll, educate and support students. Consideration is variable since it is based on the number of students enrolled in a program. We begin to recognize revenue at the start of the delivery of the class within a semester, which is also the point at which the variable consideration contingency is resolved.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Professional Assessment</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Our Professional Assessment services include pre-hire screening and post-hire personality assessments, which are delivered to business customers through online digital delivery platforms, either directly or through an authorized distributor network of independent consultants, trainers, and coaches. Professional Assessment services contracts are generally one year.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Professional Assessment includes a performance obligation to stand ready to provide assessments to our distributor&#8217;s customers or to provide assessments direct to a customer. Revenue for Professional Assessments is recognized at the time the product or service is provided or delivered. Consideration is allocated to assessments based on standalone selling prices. In addition, as it relates to Professional Assessments customers' unexercised rights for situations where we have received a nonrefundable payment for a customer to receive a good or service and the customer is not expected to exercise such right, we will recognize such &#8220;breakage&#8221; amounts as revenue in proportion to the pattern of rights exercised by the customer.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Corporate Learning</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The Corporate Learning business offers online learning and training solutions for global corporations, universities, and small and medium-sized enterprises, which are sold on a subscription or fee basis. Learning formats and modules on topics such as leadership development, value creation, client orientation, change management and corporate strategy are delivered on a cloud-based Learning Management System (&#8220;LMS&#8221;) platform that hosts over 20,000 content assets (videos, digital learning modules, written files, etc.) in 17 languages. Its Mohive offering also provides a collaborative e-learning publishing and program creation system.&#160;Revenue growth is derived from legacy markets, such as France, England, and other European markets, and newer markets, such as the U.S. and Brazil. In addition, content and LMS offerings are continuously refreshed and expanded to serve a wider variety of customer needs. </font>These digital learning solutions are sold directly to corporate customers either direct or through our partners. Corporate Learning contracts are generally multi-year agreements.</font></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The transaction price consists of fixed consideration that is determined at the beginning of each year and received at the same time. Within Corporate Learning there are multiple performance obligations which includes the licenses to learning content and the learning application. Revenue is recognized over time as we have a continuous obligation to provide the right of access to the intellectual property which includes the licenses and learning applications.</font></div><div><br /></div></div><span></span>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Recent Accounting Standards (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock', window );">Reconciliation of Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash</a></td>
<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash. ASU 2016-18 requires that entities include restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents with cash and cash equivalents in the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the Statement of Cash Flows. We adopted ASU 2016-18 on May 1, 2018. Retrospective transition method is to be applied to each period presented. As a result of this retrospective adoption, the reclassification of restricted cash into a change in total cash resulted in a reduction in Cash Used in Operating Activities of $0.5 million for the six months ended October 31, 2017. 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</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementEarlyAdoptionTableTextBlock', window );">Cumulative Effect of Changes Made to Consolidated Balance Sheet As a Result of Adoption of New Revenue Standard</a></td>
<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The cumulative effect of the changes made to our consolidated balance sheet at May 1, 2018 as a result of adoption of the new revenue standard using the modified retrospective method were as follows:</div><div><br /></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2018</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; 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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
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vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">27,633</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">27,633</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Total</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">453,637</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">282,420</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; 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</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock', window );">Contract Asset and Liability Balances</a></td>
<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table provides information about receivables and contract liabilities from contracts with customers.</div><div><br /></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31, 2018</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; 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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonvestedRestrictedStockSharesActivityTableTextBlock', window );">Restricted Stock Data for Awards Granted</a></td>
<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes restricted stock awards we granted:</div><div><br /></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Six Months Ended</font></div><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31,</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> 2018</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2017</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Restricted Stock:</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Awards granted</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">397</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">405</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Weighted average fair value of grant</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">63.33</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the changes in outstanding nonvested restricted stock shares.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6712977504">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxAbstract', window );"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock', window );">Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by Component, Net of Tax</a></td>
<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by component, net of tax, for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018 and 2017 were as follows:</div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</font></div><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Currency Translation</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Unamortized</font></div><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Retirement Costs</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Interest</font></div><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Rate Swaps</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Total</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Balance at July 31, 2018</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(291,898</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(182,215</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2,367</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(471,746</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(20,424</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">3,273</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">543</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(16,608</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1,114</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1,324</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(210</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total other comprehensive (loss) income</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(20,424</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">4,387</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(781</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(16,818</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Balance at October 31, 2018</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(312,322</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(177,828</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">1,586</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(488,564</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Balance at April 30, 2018</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(251,573</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; 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vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Balance at July 31, 2017</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; 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background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(482,190</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; 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vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">238</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">4,201</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8212;</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1,094</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">169</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">1,263</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total other comprehensive income (loss)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">5,636</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(579</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">407</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">5,464</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; 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width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(193,028</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2,473</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(476,726</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Balance at April 30, 2017</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(319,212</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(190,502</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2,427</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(507,287</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">33,041</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(4,690</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; 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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding and Share Repurchases (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfWeightedAverageNumberOfSharesTableTextBlock', window );">Reconciliation of Shares used in Computation of Earnings Per Share</a></td>
<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A reconciliation of the shares used in the computation of earnings per share follows:</div><div><br /></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td style="width: 53.93%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td><td colspan="5" style="width: 22.19%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</font></div><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31,</font></div></td><td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td><td colspan="5" style="width: 22.21%; 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the weighted average number of shares used in calculating basic net earnings per share (or unit) and diluted earnings per share (or unit).</p></div>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Restructuring and Related Charges (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestructuringAndRelatedCostsTextBlock', window );">Pre-tax Restructuring (Credits) Charges</a></td>
<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring charges (credits) related to this program:</div><div><br /></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</font></div><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31,</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; 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text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">791</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(464</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; 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</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestructuringReserveByTypeOfCostTextBlock', window );">Activity for Restructuring and Reinvestment Program Liability</a></td>
<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the activity for the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability for the six months ended October 31, 2018:</div><div><br /></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2018</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Charges</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Payments</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; 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font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(446</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">11,432</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; 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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Inventories (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTextBlock', window );">Activity in Goodwill by Segment</a></td>
<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Goodwill</div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The following table summarizes the activity in goodwill by segment as of October 31, 2018:</font></div><div><br /></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2018</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; 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vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">986,248</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td></tr></table><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The April 30, 2018 goodwill balances for Publishing and Solutions have been revised to reflect foreign translation adjustments of $11.6 million.</font></div><div><br /></div></div><span></span>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock', window );">Intangible Assets</a></td>
<td class="text"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Intangible Assets</div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Identifiable intangible assets, net consisted of the following:</font></div><div><br /></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%;"><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">October 31, 2018</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2018</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Intangible Assets with Determinable Lives, net:</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Content and Publishing Rights</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; 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width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Customer Relationships</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">152,803</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">161,729</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Brands and Trademarks</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">14,340</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">16,100</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; 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width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">655</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">569,034</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">615,244</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Intangible Assets with Indefinite Lives:</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Brands and Trademarks</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">130,460</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">138,589</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Content and Publishing Rights</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">88,135</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">94,238</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">218,595</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">232,827</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total Intangible Assets, Net</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">787,629</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">848,071</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td></tr></table><div><br /></div></div><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the carrying value of intangible assets, excluding goodwill, in total and by major class. A major class is composed of intangible assets that can be grouped together because they are similar, either by their nature or by their use in the operations of the company.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of goodwill by reportable segment and in total which includes a rollforward schedule.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108376223&amp;loc=d3e13816-109267<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108376223&amp;loc=d3e13854-109267<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6662407152">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Retirement Plans (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfNetBenefitCostsTableTextBlock', window );">Components of Net Periodic Pension Expense (Income) for Defined Benefit Plans</a></td>
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width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">3,035</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Net pension income</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(1,872</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(1,683</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">(3,919</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">)</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">$</font></div></td><td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(3,382</font></div></td><td colspan="1" nowrap="nowrap" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">)</font></div></td></tr></table><div><br /></div></div><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the components of net benefit costs for pension plans and/or other employee benefit plans including service cost, interest cost, expected return on plan assets, gain (loss), prior service cost or credit, transition asset or obligation, and gain (loss) recognized due to settlements or curtailments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6781811264">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Recent Accounting Standards, Recently Adopted Accounting Standards (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAndIssuedAccountingStandardsAbstract', window );"><strong>Recently Adopted Accounting Standards [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost', window );">Net charges (benefits)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">$ (1,872)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (1,683)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (3,919)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (3,382)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">115,603<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">72,871<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">115,603<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">72,871<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 169,773<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 58,516<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Restricted cash included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">484<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">546<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">484<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">546<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">484<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">116,087<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">73,417<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">116,087<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">73,417<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 170,257<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 58,516<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis=us-gaap_AccountingStandardsUpdate201707Member', window );">ASU 2017-07 Member] | Operating and Administrative Expenses [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAndIssuedAccountingStandardsAbstract', window );"><strong>Recently Adopted Accounting Standards [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost', window );">Net charges (benefits)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis=us-gaap_AccountingStandardsUpdate201707Member', window );">ASU 2017-07 Member] | Interest and Other Income [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAndIssuedAccountingStandardsAbstract', window );"><strong>Recently Adopted Accounting Standards [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost', window );">Net charges (benefits)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">$ (2,100)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (2,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (4,500)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,900)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis=us-gaap_AccountingStandardsUpdate201618Member', window );">ASU 2016-18 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAndIssuedAccountingStandardsAbstract', window );"><strong>Recently Adopted Accounting Standards [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetCashInOperatingActivitiesResultingFromReclassificationOfRestrictedCashIntoChangeInTotalCash', window );">Reduction in cash used in operating activities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (500)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="7"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="7"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Due to the retrospective adoption of ASU 2016-18, we are now required to include restricted cash as part of the change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash. As a result, amounts which were previously classified as cash flows from operating activities have been reclassified as they are recognized in the total change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash. Refer to Note 2, "Recent Accounting Standards," in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetCashInOperatingActivitiesResultingFromReclassificationOfRestrictedCashIntoChangeInTotalCash">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in cash from operating activities resulting from reclassification of restricted cash into change in total cash.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage. Excludes amount for disposal group and discontinued operations. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=SL98516268-108586<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of net periodic benefit cost (credit) for defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=112275985&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents restricted as to withdrawal or usage, classified as current. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=SL98516268-108586<br></p></div>
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<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Recent Accounting Standards, Changes in Accounting Policy Resulting from Adoption of Topic 606 (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">6 Months Ended</th>
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<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">64,716<span></span>
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<td class="nump">78,814<span></span>
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<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
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<td class="nump">289,934<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent', window );">Other non-current assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">91,732<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">91,732<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">85,802<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Liabilities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedRoyaltiesCurrent', window );">Accrued royalties</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">94,438<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">94,438<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">73,007<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent', window );">Contract liability (Deferred revenue)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">237,184<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">237,184<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">486,353<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent', window );">Deferred income tax liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">140,338<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">140,338<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">143,518<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Retained earnings</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">1,870,609<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,870,609<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,834,057<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">448,622<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 451,731<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">859,523<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 863,175<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold', window );">Cost of sales</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">120,157<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 119,865<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">234,548<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 234,653<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">236,207<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">236,207<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">212,377<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent', window );">Contract liability (Deferred revenue)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">237,184<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">237,184<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">486,353<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis=us-gaap_AccountingStandardsUpdate201409Member', window );">Topic 606 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Liabilities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AccountsReceivableNetOfDeferredRevenueChangeDueToImplementingNewAccountingStandards', window );">Amounts netted down from accounts receivable, net and deferred revenue</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">5,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">59,500<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">10,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold', window );">Cost of sales</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">2,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis=us-gaap_AccountingStandardsUpdate201409Member', window );">Topic 606 [Member] | Sales Return Reserve Provision [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(31,100)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(31,100)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(28,300)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Liabilities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent', window );">Contract liability (Deferred revenue)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">31,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">31,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28,300<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(31,100)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(31,100)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(28,300)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent', window );">Contract liability (Deferred revenue)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 31,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 31,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28,300<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionAxis=us-gaap_DifferenceBetweenRevenueGuidanceInEffectBeforeAndAfterTopic606Member', window );">Adjustments due to Adoption [Member] | Topic 606 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">93,349<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets', window );">Product development assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,725)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Technology, property and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(361)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent', window );">Other non-current assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,274<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Liabilities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedRoyaltiesCurrent', window );">Accrued royalties</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(731)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent', window );">Contract liability (Deferred revenue)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">89,364<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent', window );">Deferred income tax liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,400<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Retained earnings</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,503<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">93,349<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent', window );">Contract liability (Deferred revenue)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">89,364<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionAxis=us-gaap_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectBeforeTopic606Member', window );">Balances without Adoption of Topic 606 [Member] | Topic 606 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1],[3]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">212,377<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Liabilities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent', window );">Contract liability (Deferred revenue)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1],[3]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">486,353<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1],[3]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">212,377<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent', window );">Contract liability (Deferred revenue)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1],[3]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">486,353<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionAxis=jwa_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectAfterTopic606Member', window );">Balances upon Adoption of Topic 606 [Member] | Topic 606 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">305,726<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets', window );">Product development assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">75,089<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Technology, property and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">289,573<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent', window );">Other non-current assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">91,076<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Liabilities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedRoyaltiesCurrent', window );">Accrued royalties</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">72,276<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent', window );">Contract liability (Deferred revenue)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">575,717<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent', window );">Deferred income tax liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">144,918<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Retained earnings</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,838,560<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">305,726<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent', window );">Contract liability (Deferred revenue)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 575,717<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="9"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="9"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%">
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Due to the adoption of the new revenue standard, the sales return reserve as of October 31, 2018 of $31.1 million is recorded in Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue). In prior periods, it was recorded as a reduction to Accounts Receivable, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[2]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">The adoption of the new revenue standard resulted in the discontinuance of the historical practice of presenting accounts receivable and deferred revenue balances on a net basis for some of our subscription licensing agreements where we have invoiced a customer in advance of the related revenue being recognized and payment has not yet been received. As of April 30, 2018, the amounts that were netted down from accounts receivable and deferred revenue were $59.5 million.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[3]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">As noted above, prior period amounts have not been adjusted under the modified retrospective method.</td>
</tr>
</table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_AccountsReceivableNetOfDeferredRevenueChangeDueToImplementingNewAccountingStandards">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount that was netted down from accounts receivable and deferred revenue as of the date of the report due to implementing new accounting standards.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_AccountsReceivableNetOfDeferredRevenueChangeDueToImplementingNewAccountingStandards</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Product development assets consist of composition costs and royalty advances to authors. Composition costs, primarily represent the costs incurred to bring an edited commercial manuscript to publication including typesetting, proofreading, design and illustration, etc. Royalty advances to authors are capitalized and, upon publication, are recovered as royalties earned by the authors based on sales of the published works.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount due from customers or clients, within one year of the balance sheet date (or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer), for goods or services (including trade receivables) that have been delivered or sold in the normal course of business, reduced to the estimated net realizable fair value by an allowance established by the entity of the amount it deems uncertain of collection.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109196051&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedRoyaltiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred through that date and payable for royalties. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6911-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6935-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedRoyaltiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82913815&amp;loc=SL49130532-203044<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82913815&amp;loc=SL49130531-203044<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109196051&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate costs related to goods produced and sold and services rendered by an entity during the reporting period. This excludes costs incurred during the reporting period related to financial services rendered and other revenue generating activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.2(a),(d))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Gross amount of noncurrent deferred tax liabilities, which result from applying the applicable tax rate to taxable temporary differences pertaining to each jurisdiction to which the entity is obligated to pay income tax.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84176650&amp;loc=d3e31917-109318<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncurrent assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(14))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(8))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(13))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cumulative amount of the reporting entity's undistributed earnings or deficit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, excluding tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value added and excise.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109196051&amp;loc=SL49130543-203045<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109196051&amp;loc=SL49130539-203045<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109196051&amp;loc=SL49130545-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6785720640">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers, Disaggregation of Revenue (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 448,622<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 451,731<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 859,523<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 863,175<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_JournalRevenueMember', window );">Journal Subscriptions [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">163,751<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">170,163<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">329,709<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">338,488<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_OpenAccessMember', window );">Open Access [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,780<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,350<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,723<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,153<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember', window );">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">41,749<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">41,329<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">81,237<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">79,559<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember', window );">Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,365<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,028<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,968<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,297<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember', window );">STM and Professional Publishing [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">66,902<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">71,460<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">132,966<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">135,060<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_EducationPublishingMember', window );">Education Publishing [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">52,068<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,711<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">90,299<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">103,447<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember', window );">Course Workflow (WileyPLUS) [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">18,429<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,310<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19,207<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,520<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember', window );">Test Preparation and Certification [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,377<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,919<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19,783<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19,409<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember', window );">Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,723<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,585<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,165<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,827<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember', window );">Education Services (OPM) [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">29,877<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">29,737<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">59,037<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">56,074<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember', window );">Professional Assessment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">17,268<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15,821<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33,067<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">30,708<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_CorporateLearningMember', window );">Corporate Learning [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,333<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,318<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">31,362<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">27,633<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Research [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">228,645<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">228,870<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">453,637<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">452,497<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Research [Member] | Journal Subscriptions [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">163,751<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">170,163<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">329,709<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">338,488<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Research [Member] | Open Access [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,780<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,350<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,723<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,153<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Research [Member] | Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">41,749<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">41,329<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">81,237<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">79,559<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Research [Member] | Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,365<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,028<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,968<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,297<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Research [Member] | STM and Professional Publishing [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Research [Member] | Education Publishing [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Research [Member] | Course Workflow (WileyPLUS) [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Research [Member] | Test Preparation and Certification [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Research [Member] | Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Research [Member] | Education Services (OPM) [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Research [Member] | Professional Assessment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Research [Member] | Corporate Learning [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Publishing [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">157,499<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">164,985<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">282,420<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">296,263<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Publishing [Member] | Journal Subscriptions [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
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<td class="nump">0<span></span>
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<td class="nump">0<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Publishing [Member] | Open Access [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
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<td class="nump">0<span></span>
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<td class="nump">0<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Publishing [Member] | Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
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<td class="nump">0<span></span>
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<td class="nump">0<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Publishing [Member] | Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Publishing [Member] | STM and Professional Publishing [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">66,902<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">71,460<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">132,966<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">135,060<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Publishing [Member] | Education Publishing [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">52,068<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,711<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">90,299<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">103,447<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Publishing [Member] | Course Workflow (WileyPLUS) [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">18,429<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,310<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19,207<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,520<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Publishing [Member] | Test Preparation and Certification [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,377<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,919<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19,783<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19,409<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Publishing [Member] | Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,723<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,585<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,165<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,827<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Publishing [Member] | Education Services (OPM) [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Publishing [Member] | Professional Assessment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Publishing [Member] | Corporate Learning [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Solutions [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">62,478<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,876<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">123,466<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">114,415<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Solutions [Member] | Journal Subscriptions [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, excluding tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value added and excise.</p></div>
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<div>Oct. 31, 2017 </div>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureOfEntitysReportableSegmentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Description of Revenue Generating Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts', window );">Number of content assets available for corporate learning contracts | Asset</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember', window );">Minimum [Member] | Publishing Technology Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureOfEntitysReportableSegmentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Description of Revenue Generating Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DurationOfContracts', window );">Duration of contract</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">2 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember', window );">Minimum [Member] | Education Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureOfEntitysReportableSegmentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Description of Revenue Generating Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DurationOfContracts', window );">Duration of contract</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">7 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember', window );">Maximum [Member] | Publishing Technology Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureOfEntitysReportableSegmentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Description of Revenue Generating Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DurationOfContracts', window );">Duration of contract</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember', window );">Maximum [Member] | Education Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureOfEntitysReportableSegmentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Description of Revenue Generating Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DurationOfContracts', window );">Duration of contract</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">10 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The duration of contracts in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_DurationOfContracts</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of academic research journals published during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of content assets available for corporate learning contracts including learning formats and modules such as leadership, diversity, value creation, client orientation, change and corporate strategy.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts</td>
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<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of languages in which contents for learning formats and modules on topics are available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of segments reported by the entity. A reportable segment is a component of an entity for which there is an accounting requirement to report separate financial information on that component in the entity's financial statements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureOfEntitysReportableSegmentsAbstract</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6777966000">
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<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers, Accounts Receivable, net and Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue) Balances (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
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<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract', window );"><strong>Balances from contracts with customers [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
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</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 236,207<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 212,377<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent', window );">Contract liability (Deferred revenue)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">237,184<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">486,353<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Contract liability (Deferred revenue) (included in Other Long-Term Liabilities)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">12,568<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract', window );"><strong>Increase/(decrease) [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent', window );">Sales return reserve recorded in contract liability</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">31,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized', window );">Revenue recognized from beginning contract liability</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">190,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">386,800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionAxis=us-gaap_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectBeforeTopic606Member', window );">Balances without Adoption of Topic 606 [Member] | ASU 2014-09 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract', window );"><strong>Balances from contracts with customers [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1],[2]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">212,377<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent', window );">Contract liability (Deferred revenue)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1],[2]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">486,353<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Contract liability (Deferred revenue) (included in Other Long-Term Liabilities)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionAxis=us-gaap_DifferenceBetweenRevenueGuidanceInEffectBeforeAndAfterTopic606Member', window );">Effect of Change Higher/(Lower) [Member] | ASU 2014-09 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract', window );"><strong>Balances from contracts with customers [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[3]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">93,349<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent', window );">Contract liability (Deferred revenue)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[3]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 89,364<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract', window );"><strong>Increase/(decrease) [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">23,830<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability', window );">Contract liability (Deferred revenue)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="num">(249,169)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent', window );">Contract liability (Deferred revenue) (included in Other Long-Term Liabilities)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 12,568<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="5"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="5"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%">
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Due to the adoption of the new revenue standard, the sales return reserve as of October 31, 2018 of $31.1 million is recorded in Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue). In prior periods, it was recorded as a reduction to Accounts Receivable, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[2]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">As noted above, prior period amounts have not been adjusted under the modified retrospective method.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[3]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">The adoption of the new revenue standard resulted in the discontinuance of the historical practice of presenting accounts receivable and deferred revenue balances on a net basis for some of our subscription licensing agreements where we have invoiced a customer in advance of the related revenue being recognized and payment has not yet been received. As of April 30, 2018, the amounts that were netted down from accounts receivable and deferred revenue were $59.5 million.</td>
</tr>
</table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amount due from customers for the credit sale of goods and services non current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount due from customers or clients, within one year of the balance sheet date (or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer), for goods or services (including trade receivables) that have been delivered or sold in the normal course of business, reduced to the estimated net realizable fair value by an allowance established by the entity of the amount it deems uncertain of collection.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109196051&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82913815&amp;loc=SL49130532-203044<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82913815&amp;loc=SL49130531-203044<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109196051&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable, classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109196051&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82913815&amp;loc=SL49130532-203044<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82913815&amp;loc=SL49130531-203044<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized that was previously included in balance of obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration from customer has been received or is due.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109196051&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liability for consideration received or receivable from customer which is not included in transaction price, when consideration is expected to be refunded to customer, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 27<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108792157&amp;loc=SL49130611-203046-203046<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amount due from customers for the credit sale of goods and services; includes accounts receivable and other types of receivables.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionAxis=us-gaap_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectBeforeTopic606Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionAxis=us-gaap_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectBeforeTopic606Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis=us-gaap_AccountingStandardsUpdate201409Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis=us-gaap_AccountingStandardsUpdate201409Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionAxis=us-gaap_DifferenceBetweenRevenueGuidanceInEffectBeforeAndAfterTopic606Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionAxis=us-gaap_DifferenceBetweenRevenueGuidanceInEffectBeforeAndAfterTopic606Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
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<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6779521120">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers, Remaining Performance Obligations, Assets Recognized for the Costs to Obtain or Fulfill a Contract (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenuePerformanceObligationSatisfiedOverTimeAbstract', window );"><strong>Remaining Performance Obligations [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation', window );">Remaining performance obligations</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 249,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 249,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets Recognized for the Costs to Obtain or Fulfill a Contract [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet', window );">Costs capitalized</a></td>
<td class="nump">6,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">6,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization', window );">Amortization</a></td>
<td class="nump">400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">1,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cost of revenue [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">Operating and administrative expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">248,627<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 241,301<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">502,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 487,039<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis=2018-08-01', window );">Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2018-08-01</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenuePerformanceObligationSatisfiedOverTimeAbstract', window );"><strong>Remaining Performance Obligations [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation', window );">Remaining performance obligations</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 237,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 237,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1', window );">Expected timing of satisfaction, period</a></td>
<td class="text">12 months<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">12 months<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis=2019-08-01', window );">Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2019-08-01</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenuePerformanceObligationSatisfiedOverTimeAbstract', window );"><strong>Remaining Performance Obligations [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation', window );">Remaining performance obligations</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 12,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 12,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1', window );">Expected timing of satisfaction, period</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=us-gaap_ShippingAndHandlingMember', window );">Shipping and Handling [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cost of revenue [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">Operating and administrative expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 8,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 8,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 16,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 16,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="7"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="7"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Due to the retrospective adoption of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2017-07, total net benefits of $2.0 million and $3.9 million related to the non-service components of defined benefit and other post-employment benefit plans were reclassified from Operating and Administrative Expenses to Interest and Other Income for the three and six months ended October 31, 2017, respectively. Total net benefits related to the non-service components of defined benefit and other post-employment benefit plans were $2.1 million and $4.5 million for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018, respectively. Refer to Note 2, "Recent Accounting Standards," in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAbstract</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of amortization expense for asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68051541&amp;loc=SL49131252-203054<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss, of asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68051541&amp;loc=SL49131252-203054<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Generally recurring costs associated with normal operations except for the portion of these expenses which can be clearly related to production and included in cost of sales or services. Includes selling, general and administrative expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenuePerformanceObligationSatisfiedOverTimeAbstract</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of transaction price allocated to performance obligation that has not been recognized as revenue.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109196051&amp;loc=SL49130556-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Period in which remaining performance obligation is expected to be recognized as revenue, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109196051&amp;loc=SL49130556-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1</td>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
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<td class="nump">$ 5.0<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 4.0<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 8.9<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">397<span></span>
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<td class="nump">405<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsAdditionalDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Stock-based Compensation [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The period of time during which certain financial performance-based targets must be achieved in order to trigger payment of performance-based restricted stock awards under the terms of the long-term incentive plans, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Represents the expense recognized during the period arising from equity-based compensation arrangements (for example, shares of stock, unit, stock options or other equity instruments) with employees, directors and certain consultants qualifying for treatment as employees.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5047-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 14.F)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115993241&amp;loc=d3e301413-122809<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (h)(1)(i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsAdditionalDisclosuresAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsAdditionalDisclosuresAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of grants made during the period on other than stock (or unit) option plans (for example, phantom stock or unit plan, stock or unit appreciation rights plan, performance target plan).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The weighted average fair value of nonvested awards on equity-based plans excluding option plans (for example, phantom stock or unit plan, stock or unit appreciation rights plan, revenue or profit achievement stock award plan) for which the employer is contingently obligated to issue equity instruments or transfer assets to an employee who has not yet satisfied service or performance criteria necessary to gain title to proceeds from the sale of the award or underlying shares or units.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(i)-(ii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</table></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6781192240">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AOCIAttributableToParentNetOfTaxRollForward', window );"><strong>AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,190,557<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (16,608)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,201<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(49,143)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 28,157<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(210)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,263<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">159<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,404<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent', window );">Total Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income</a></td>
<td class="num">(16,818)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,464<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(48,984)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">30,561<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,169,392<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,169,392<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember', window );">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AOCIAttributableToParentNetOfTaxRollForward', window );"><strong>AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(471,746)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(482,190)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(439,580)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(507,287)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(488,564)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(476,726)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(488,564)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(476,726)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember', window );">Foreign Currency Translation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AOCIAttributableToParentNetOfTaxRollForward', window );"><strong>AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(291,898)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(291,807)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(251,573)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(319,212)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</a></td>
<td class="num">(20,424)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,636<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(60,749)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33,041<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent', window );">Total Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income</a></td>
<td class="num">(20,424)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,636<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(60,749)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33,041<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(312,322)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(286,171)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(312,322)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(286,171)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember', window );">Unamortized Retirement Costs [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AOCIAttributableToParentNetOfTaxRollForward', window );"><strong>AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(182,215)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(192,449)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(191,026)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(190,502)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,273<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,673)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,993<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,690)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,114<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,094<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,205<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,164<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent', window );">Total Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,387<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(579)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,198<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,526)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(177,828)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(193,028)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(177,828)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(193,028)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember', window );">Interest Rate Swaps [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AOCIAttributableToParentNetOfTaxRollForward', window );"><strong>AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,367<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,066<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,427<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</a></td>
<td class="nump">543<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">238<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">613<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(194)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,324)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">169<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,046)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">240<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent', window );">Total Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income</a></td>
<td class="num">(781)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">407<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,433)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">46<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,586<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,473<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,586<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,473<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AOCIAttributableToParentNetOfTaxRollForward">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AOCIAttributableToParentNetOfTaxRollForward</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax, before reclassification adjustments, of other comprehensive income (loss), attributable to parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109228884&amp;loc=d3e1436-108581<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to parent entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569643-111683<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569616-111683<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of reclassification adjustments of other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109228884&amp;loc=d3e1436-108581<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.E)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27010918&amp;loc=d3e74512-122707<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(31))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>56
<FILENAME>R45.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6665786000">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract', window );"><strong>Amortization from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">Operating and administrative expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 248,627<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 241,301<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 502,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 487,039<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember', window );">Unamortized Retirement Costs [Member] | Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract', window );"><strong>Amortization from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">Operating and administrative expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="7"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="7"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Due to the retrospective adoption of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2017-07, total net benefits of $2.0 million and $3.9 million related to the non-service components of defined benefit and other post-employment benefit plans were reclassified from Operating and Administrative Expenses to Interest and Other Income for the three and six months ended October 31, 2017, respectively. Total net benefits related to the non-service components of defined benefit and other post-employment benefit plans were $2.1 million and $4.5 million for the three and six months ended October 31, 2018, respectively. Refer to Note 2, "Recent Accounting Standards," in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Generally recurring costs associated with normal operations except for the portion of these expenses which can be clearly related to production and included in cost of sales or services. Includes selling, general and administrative expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeAxis=us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember</td>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>57
<FILENAME>R46.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6784932896">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding and Share Repurchases (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 24, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 26, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 18, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 21, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ReconciliationOfWeightedAverageSharesOutstandingAndShareRepurchasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding and Share Repurchases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic', window );">Weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,426,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,013,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,451,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,100,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock', window );">Less: Unvested restricted shares (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(47,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(138,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(59,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(152,000)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic', window );">Shares used for basic earnings per share (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,379,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">56,875,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,392,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">56,948,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements', window );">Dilutive effect of stock options and other stock awards (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">491,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">679,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">563,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">685,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding', window );">Shares used for diluted earnings per share (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,870,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,554,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,955,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,633,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding and Share Repurchases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares', window );">Shares repurchased (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">299,188<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">285,599<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">425,120<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">550,757<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare', window );">Average purchase price (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 56.82<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 53.37<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 58.79<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 53.12<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock', window );">Cash dividends</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 18,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 19,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 38,033<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 36,699<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A Common [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.32<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.66<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.64<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A Common [Member] | Dividend Declared in Q1 2019 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend declared date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jun. 21,  2018<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend payable date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jul. 18,  2018<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend record date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jul.  03,  2018<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A Common [Member] | Dividend Declared in Q2 2019 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend declared date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Sep. 26,  2018<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend payable date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Oct. 24,  2018<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend record date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Oct.  09,  2018<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Class B Common [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.32<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.66<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.64<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Class B Common [Member] | Dividend Declared in Q1 2019 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend declared date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jun. 21,  2018<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend payable date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jul. 18,  2018<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend record date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jul.  03,  2018<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Class B Common [Member] | Dividend Declared in Q2 2019 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend declared date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Sep. 26,  2018<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend payable date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Oct. 24,  2018<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend record date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Oct.  09,  2018<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember', window );">Restricted Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding and Share Repurchases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Anti-dilutive shares excluded from diluted EPS calculation (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,740<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,740<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember', window );">Stock Options [Member] | Class A Common [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding and Share Repurchases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Anti-dilutive shares excluded from diluted EPS calculation (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">157,167<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">284,787<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">157,167<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">284,787<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ReconciliationOfWeightedAverageSharesOutstandingAndShareRepurchasesAbstract</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Securities (including those issuable pursuant to contingent stock agreements) that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share (EPS) or earnings per unit (EPU) in the future that were not included in the computation of diluted EPS or EPU because to do so would increase EPS or EPU amounts or decrease loss per share or unit amounts for the period presented.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate dividends paid during the period for each share of common stock outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the declared dividend will be paid, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4304-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the dividend to be paid was declared, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4304-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the holder must own the stock to be entitled to the dividend, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Additional shares included in the calculation of diluted EPS as a result of the potentially dilutive effect of share based payment arrangements using the treasury stock method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e1500-109256<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow in the form of ordinary dividends to common shareholders of the parent entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares that have been repurchased during the period and have not been retired and are not held in treasury. Some state laws may govern the circumstances under which an entity may acquire its own stock and prescribe the accounting treatment therefore. This element is used when state law does not recognize treasury stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total cost of shares repurchased divided by the total number of shares repurchased.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405813&amp;loc=d3e23239-112655<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating diluted EPS or earnings per unit (EPU), determined based on the timing of issuance of shares or units in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e1505-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This element represents the weighted average total number of shares issued throughout the period including the first (beginning balance outstanding) and last (ending balance outstanding) day of the period before considering any reductions (for instance, shares held in treasury) to arrive at the weighted average number of shares outstanding. Weighted average relates to the portion of time within a reporting period that common shares have been issued and outstanding to the total time in that period. Such concept is used in determining the weighted average number of shares outstanding for purposes of calculating earnings per share (basic).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e1448-109256<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e2646-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of [basic] shares or units, after adjustment for contingently issuable shares or units and other shares or units not deemed outstanding, determined by relating the portion of time within a reporting period that common shares or units have been outstanding to the total time in that period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e1448-109256<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares of restricted stock determined by relating the portion of time within a reporting period that restricted shares have been outstanding to the total time in that period. Restricted shares are subject to sales, contractual, regulatory or other restrictions that prevent or inhibit the holder from freely disposing of them before the restriction ends.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e2646-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DividendsAxis=jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DividendsAxis=jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DividendsAxis=jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6779547936">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Restructuring and Related Charges, Pre-tax Restructuring (Credits) Charges (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 9,996<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (1,406)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,910<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 24,323<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,996<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,406)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,910<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,323<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">170,420<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">170,420<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member] | Severance [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,672<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,455)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,894<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">23,266<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">117,697<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">117,697<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member] | Process Reengineering Consulting [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">90<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">225<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,521<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">20,854<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,854<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member] | Other Activities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,234<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">49<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">791<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(464)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">31,869<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">31,869<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchSegmentMember', window );">Research [Member] | Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,282<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(388)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,302<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,448<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">26,715<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,715<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_PublishingMember', window );">Publishing [Member] | Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,407<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">71<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">739<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,325<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">39,670<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">39,670<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_SolutionsMember', window );">Solutions [Member] | Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,097<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(625)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">840<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,170<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,087<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,087<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember', window );">Corporate Expenses [Member] | Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,210<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (464)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,029<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,380<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 96,948<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 96,948<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of costs incurred to date for the specified restructuring cost.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6394359&amp;loc=d3e17939-110869<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6394359&amp;loc=d3e17939-110869<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 5.P.4(d))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115931487&amp;loc=d3e140904-122747<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 5.P.4(b)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115931487&amp;loc=d3e140904-122747<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expenses associated with exit or disposal activities pursuant to an authorized plan. Excludes expenses related to a discontinued operation or an asset retirement obligation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 5.P.3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115931487&amp;loc=d3e140864-122747<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6394359&amp;loc=d3e17939-110869<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 5.P.4(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115931487&amp;loc=d3e140904-122747<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<DOCUMENT>
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<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6781159936">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Restructuring and Related Charges, Activity for Restructuring and Reinvestment Program Liability (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">(Credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 9,996<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (1,406)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,910<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 24,323<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,051<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">(Credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,996<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,406)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,910<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,323<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring', window );">Payments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(9,295)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAdjustment', window );">Foreign translation &amp; reclassifications</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(236)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">14,430<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,430<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member] | Severance [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,279<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">(Credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,672<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,455)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,894<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">23,266<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring', window );">Payments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(8,295)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAdjustment', window );">Foreign translation &amp; reclassifications</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(446)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,432<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,432<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member] | Process Reengineering Consulting [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">(Credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="nump">90<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">225<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,521<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring', window );">Payments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(175)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAdjustment', window );">Foreign translation &amp; reclassifications</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">50<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member] | Other Activities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,772<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">(Credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,234<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 49<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">791<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (464)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring', window );">Payments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(825)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAdjustment', window );">Foreign translation &amp; reclassifications</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">210<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,948<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,948<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member] | Other Activities [Member] | Other Accrued Liabilities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member] | Other Activities [Member] | Other Long-Term Liabilities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash payments made as the result of exit or disposal activities. Excludes payments associated with a discontinued operation or an asset retirement obligation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6394359&amp;loc=d3e17939-110869<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3367-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expenses associated with exit or disposal activities pursuant to an authorized plan. Excludes expenses related to a discontinued operation or an asset retirement obligation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 5.P.3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115931487&amp;loc=d3e140864-122747<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6394359&amp;loc=d3e17939-110869<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 5.P.4(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115931487&amp;loc=d3e140904-122747<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringCharges</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying amount (including both current and noncurrent portions of the accrual) as of the balance sheet date pertaining to a specified type of cost associated with exit from or disposal of business activities or restructuring pursuant to a duly authorized plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6394359&amp;loc=d3e17939-110869<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 5.P.4(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115931487&amp;loc=d3e140904-122747<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringReserve</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAdjustment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of foreign currency translation gain (loss) which decreases (increases) the restructuring reserve.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6394359&amp;loc=d3e17939-110869<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 5.P.4(b)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115931487&amp;loc=d3e140904-122747<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAdjustment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeSeveranceMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeSeveranceMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis=jwa_ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis=jwa_ProcessReengineeringConsultingMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis=us-gaap_OtherRestructuringMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis=us-gaap_OtherRestructuringMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationAxis=us-gaap_OtherCurrentLiabilitiesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationAxis=us-gaap_OtherCurrentLiabilitiesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationAxis=us-gaap_OtherNoncurrentLiabilitiesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationAxis=us-gaap_OtherNoncurrentLiabilitiesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<head>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6777879728">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Segment Information (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 448,622<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 451,731<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 859,523<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 863,175<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss', window );">Contribution to Profit</a></td>
<td class="nump">105,411<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">119,368<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">179,481<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">182,332<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Corporate Expenses</a></td>
<td class="num">(47,936)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(38,580)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="num">(85,866)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(88,974)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Operating Income</a></td>
<td class="nump">57,475<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">80,788<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">93,615<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">93,358<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost', window );">Net benefits</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,872)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,683)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="num">(3,919)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,382)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember', window );">Operating and Administrative Expenses [Member] | ASU 2017-07 Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost', window );">Net benefits</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember', window );">Interest and Other Income [Member] | ASU 2017-07 Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost', window );">Net benefits</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,100)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="num">(4,500)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,900)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchSegmentMember', window );">Research [Member] | Interest and Other Income [Member] | ASU 2017-07 Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost', window );">Net benefits</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_PublishingMember', window );">Publishing [Member] | Interest and Other Income [Member] | ASU 2017-07 Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost', window );">Net benefits</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(600)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,100)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Research [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">228,645<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">228,870<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">453,637<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">452,497<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss', window );">Contribution to Profit</a></td>
<td class="nump">58,907<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">70,146<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">116,033<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">130,608<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Publishing [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">157,499<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">164,985<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">282,420<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">296,263<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss', window );">Contribution to Profit</a></td>
<td class="nump">39,455<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">41,913<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">53,175<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">46,383<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Solutions [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">62,478<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,876<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">123,466<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">114,415<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss', window );">Contribution to Profit</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,049<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,309<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,273<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,341<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember', window );">Corporate [Member] | Interest and Other Income [Member] | ASU 2017-07 Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost', window );">Net benefits</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (400)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (800)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="7"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="7"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Due to the retrospective adoption of ASU 2017-07, total net benefits of $2.0 million and $3.9 million related to the non-service components of defined benefit and other post-employment benefit plans were reclassified from Operating and Administrative Expenses to Interest Income and Other for the three and six months ended October 31, 2017, respectively. Refer to Note 2, "Recent Accounting Standards," in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information. The impact of the reclassification on Contribution to Profit by segment for the three months ended October 31, 2017 was $1.0 million in Research, $0.6 million in Publishing, and $0.4 million in Corporate expenses. The impact of the reclassification on Contribution to Profit by segment for the six months ended October 31, 2017 was $2.0 million in Research, $1.1 million in Publishing, and $0.8 million in Corporate expenses.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Direct contribution to profit minus allocated shared services and administrative costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of net periodic benefit cost (credit) for defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=112275985&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate total of expenses of managing and administering the affairs of an entity, including affiliates of the reporting entity, which are not directly or indirectly associated with the manufacture, sale or creation of a product or product line.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, excluding tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value added and excise.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109196051&amp;loc=SL49130543-203045<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109196051&amp;loc=SL49130539-203045<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109196051&amp;loc=SL49130545-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis=us-gaap_AccountingStandardsUpdate201707Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis=us-gaap_AccountingStandardsUpdate201707Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchSegmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchSegmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_PublishingMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_PublishingMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_SolutionsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_SolutionsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>61
<FILENAME>R50.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6763049568">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Inventories (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Inventories [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods', window );">Finished goods</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 32,388<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 36,503<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess', window );">Work-in-process</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,473<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,139<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials', window );">Paper and other materials</a></td>
<td class="nump">441<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">550<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryGross', window );">Gross inventory</a></td>
<td class="nump">35,302<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">39,192<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns', window );">Inventory value of estimated sales returns</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,261<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,626<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve', window );">LIFO reserve</a></td>
<td class="num">(4,479)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,329)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet', window );">Total inventories</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 35,084<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 39,489<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of inventory reserves for estimated sales returns.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before valuation and LIFO reserves of completed merchandise or goods expected to be sold within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Gross amount, as of the balance sheet date, of merchandise, goods, commodities, or supplies held for future sale or to be used in manufacturing, servicing or production process.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryGross</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount by which inventory stated at last-in first-out (LIFO) is less than (in excess of) inventory stated at other inventory cost methods.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(c))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after valuation and LIFO reserves of inventory expected to be sold, or consumed within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68049868&amp;loc=d3e3927-108312<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryNet</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before valuation and LIFO reserves of raw materials expected to be sold, or consumed within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a)(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before valuation and LIFO reserves of merchandise or goods in the production process expected to be completed within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a)(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6785752112">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Goodwill (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillRollForward', window );"><strong>Goodwill [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,019,801<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss', window );">Foreign translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="num">(33,553)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Ending balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">986,248<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,019,801<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchSegmentMember', window );">Research [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillRollForward', window );"><strong>Goodwill [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">463,419<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss', window );">Foreign translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="num">(25,832)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Ending balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">437,587<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">463,419<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_PublishingMember', window );">Publishing [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillRollForward', window );"><strong>Goodwill [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">283,851<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss', window );">Foreign translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="num">(726)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(11,600)<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Ending balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">283,125<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">283,851<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_SolutionsMember', window );">Solutions [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillRollForward', window );"><strong>Goodwill [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">272,531<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss', window );">Foreign translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="num">(6,995)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,600<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Ending balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 265,536<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 272,531<span></span>
</td>
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<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Goodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77989000&amp;loc=SL49117168-202975<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99380562&amp;loc=d3e13770-109266<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Goodwill</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of foreign currency translation gain (loss) which increases (decreases) an asset representing future economic benefits from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108376223&amp;loc=d3e13816-109267<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchSegmentMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_PublishingMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_SolutionsMember</td>
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<DOCUMENT>
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<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6769280896">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible Assets with Determinable Lives, net [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 569,034<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 615,244<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible Assets with Indefinite Lives [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">218,595<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">232,827<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsGrossExcludingGoodwillAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible assets (excluding goodwill) [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill', window );">Total Intangible Assets, Net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">787,629<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">848,071<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsIndefinitelivedExcludingGoodwill', window );">Impairment charges</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember', window );">Brands and Trademarks [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible Assets with Indefinite Lives [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">130,460<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">138,589<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember', window );">Content and Publishing Rights [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible Assets with Indefinite Lives [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">88,135<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">94,238<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=jwa_BrandsMember', window );">Brands [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsGrossExcludingGoodwillAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible assets (excluding goodwill) [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsIndefinitelivedExcludingGoodwill', window );">Impairment charges</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillFairValueDisclosure', window );">Fair value of intangible assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember', window );">Content and Publishing Rights [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible Assets with Determinable Lives, net [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">401,341<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">436,760<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember', window );">Customer Relationships [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible Assets with Determinable Lives, net [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">152,803<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">161,729<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember', window );">Brands and Trademarks [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible Assets with Determinable Lives, net [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,340<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,100<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember', window );">Covenants Not to Compete [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible Assets with Determinable Lives, net [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 550<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 655<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of assets, net of accumulated impairment, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance and having a projected indefinite period of benefit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after amortization of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of impairment loss resulting from write-down of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance and having a projected indefinite period of benefit to fair value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16373-109275<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsIndefinitelivedExcludingGoodwill</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value portion of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, that lack physical substance, having a projected indefinite period of benefit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99377789&amp;loc=d3e19190-110258<br></p></div>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillFairValueDisclosure</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts of all intangible assets, excluding goodwill, as of the balance sheet date, net of accumulated amortization and impairment charges.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph ((a)(1),(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6388964&amp;loc=d3e16212-109274<br></p></div>
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<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations, excluding the impact of non-recurring items from the Tax Act and the foreign court decision and tax rate change.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of reasonable estimate for income tax expense (benefit) from effect of Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 for which accounting for tax effect is incomplete.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32698-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperationsTaxRateReconciliationAbstract</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of domestic federal statutory tax rate applicable to pretax income (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=34349781&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32698-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6938390976">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Retirement Plans (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostAbstract', window );"><strong>Defined benefit plans, net pension expense (income) [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanServiceCost', window );">Service cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 229<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 242<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 462<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 472<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost', window );">Interest cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">6,169<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,346<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,381<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,598<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets', window );">Expected return on plan assets</a></td>
<td class="num">(9,720)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(9,782)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(19,622)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(19,439)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCredit', window );">Net amortization of prior service cost</a></td>
<td class="num">(24)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(23)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(48)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(48)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanActuarialGainLoss', window );">Unrecognized net actuarial loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,474<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,534<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,908<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,035<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost', window );">Net pension income</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,872)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,683)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,919)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,382)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanContributionsByEmployer', window );">Employer defined benefit pension plan contributions</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,600<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount', window );">Expense for employer defined contribution plans</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,900<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanActuarialGainLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of gain (loss) from change in actuarial assumptions which (increases) decreases benefit obligation of defined benefit plan. Assumptions include, but are not limited to, interest, mortality, employee turnover, salary, and temporary deviation from substantive plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)(4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanActuarialGainLoss</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of prior service cost (credit) recognized in net periodic benefit cost (credit) of defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=112275985&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)(5)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)(5)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCredit</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of contribution received by defined benefit plan from employer which increases plan assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=112275985&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(iv)(01)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(ii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanContributionsByEmployer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expected return (loss) recognized in net periodic benefit (cost) credit, calculated based on expected long-term rate of return and market-related value of plan assets of defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=112275985&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cost recognized for passage of time related to defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=112275985&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of net periodic benefit cost (credit) for defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=112275985&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanServiceCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cost for actuarial present value of benefits attributed to service rendered by employee for defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=112275985&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108410482&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanServiceCost</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of discretionary contributions made by an employer to a defined contribution plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6782605808">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentDetailAbstract', window );"><strong>Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount', window );">Variable rate loans outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 537.3<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 537.3<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis=us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember', window );">Interest Rate Swaps [Member] | Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Cash Flow Hedging [Member] | Interest Expense [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentDetailAbstract', window );"><strong>Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet', window );">Net gain (losses) reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.3<span></span>
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<td class="nump">2.0<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 0.4<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis=us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember', window );">Interest Rate Swaps [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member] | Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Cash Flow Hedging [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentDetailAbstract', window );"><strong>Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeAssets', window );">Assets fair value of derivative instrument</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3.3<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3.3<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5.1<span></span>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis=us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember', window );">Interest Rate Swaps [Member] | April 2016 Interest Rate Swap (Variable Rate Loans) [Member] | LIBOR [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentDetailAbstract', window );"><strong>Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInceptionDates', window );">Inception date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Apr.  04,  2016<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeSwaptionInterestRate', window );">Fixed interest rate to be paid</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.92%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.92%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate', window );">Term of variable rate</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">1 month<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeTermOfContract', window );">Term of derivative instrument</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">3 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeMaturityDates', window );">Expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">May 15,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilityNotionalAmount', window );">Notional amount of derivative liability</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 350.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 350.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 350.0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Term of the interest rate that fluctuates over time based on an underlying benchmark interest rate or index, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value, after the effects of master netting arrangements, of a financial asset or other contract with one or more underlyings, notional amount or payment provision or both, and the contract can be net settled by means outside the contract or delivery of an asset. Includes assets not subject to a master netting arrangement and not elected to be offset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99393222&amp;loc=SL20226008-175313<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109250915&amp;loc=d3e13433-108611<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=51824906&amp;loc=SL20225862-175312<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInceptionDates">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the entity entered into the derivative contract, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeInceptionDates</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentDetailAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentDetailAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The effective portion of net gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income on derivative instruments designated and qualifying as hedging instruments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4D<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109980867&amp;loc=SL5624177-113959<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4C<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109980867&amp;loc=SL5624171-113959<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilityNotionalAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Nominal or face amount used to calculate payments on the derivative liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109980867&amp;loc=SL5579245-113959<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109980867&amp;loc=SL5580258-113959<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109980867&amp;loc=SL5579245-113959<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilityNotionalAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeMaturityDates">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the derivative contract matures, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeMaturityDates</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeSwaptionInterestRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fixed interest rate that will be received or paid upon exercise of the interest rate swaption contract.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeSwaptionInterestRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeTermOfContract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Period the derivative contract is outstanding, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeTermOfContract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of the carrying amount of long-term borrowings outstanding as of the balance sheet date, including current maturities, which accrues interest at a rate subject to change from time to time.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis=us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis=us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_HedgingDesignationAxis=us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_HedgingDesignationAxis=us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis=us-gaap_CashFlowHedgingMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Subsequent Event (Details)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
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<div>Nov. 01, 2018 </div>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>69
<FILENAME>Show.js
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
// Edgar(tm) Renderer was created by staff of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.  Data and content created by government employees within the scope of their employment are not subject to domestic copyright protection. 17 U.S.C. 105.
var Show={};Show.LastAR=null,Show.showAR=function(a,r,w){if(Show.LastAR)Show.hideAR();var e=a;while(e&&e.nodeName!='TABLE')e=e.nextSibling;if(!e||e.nodeName!='TABLE'){var ref=((window)?w.document:document).getElementById(r);if(ref){e=ref.cloneNode(!0);
e.removeAttribute('id');a.parentNode.appendChild(e)}}
if(e)e.style.display='block';Show.LastAR=e};Show.hideAR=function(){Show.LastAR.style.display='none'};Show.toggleNext=function(a){var e=a;while(e.nodeName!='DIV')e=e.nextSibling;if(!e.style){}else if(!e.style.display){}else{var d,p_;if(e.style.display=='none'){d='block';p='-'}else{d='none';p='+'}
e.style.display=d;if(a.textContent){a.textContent=p+a.textContent.substring(1)}else{a.innerText=p+a.innerText.substring(1)}}}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>70
<FILENAME>report.css
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
/* Updated 2009-11-04 */
/* v2.2.0.24 */

/* DefRef Styles */
..report table.authRefData{
	background-color: #def;
	border: 2px solid #2F4497;
	font-size: 1em;
	position: absolute;
}

..report table.authRefData a {
	display: block;
	font-weight: bold;
}

..report table.authRefData p {
	margin-top: 0px;
}

..report table.authRefData .hide {
	background-color: #2F4497;
	padding: 1px 3px 0px 0px;
	text-align: right;
}

..report table.authRefData .hide a:hover {
	background-color: #2F4497;
}

..report table.authRefData .body {
	height: 150px;
	overflow: auto;
	width: 400px;
}

..report table.authRefData table{
	font-size: 1em;
}

/* Report Styles */
..pl a, .pl a:visited {
	color: black;
	text-decoration: none;
}

/* table */
..report {
	background-color: white;
	border: 2px solid #acf;
	clear: both;
	color: black;
	font: normal 8pt Helvetica, Arial, san-serif;
	margin-bottom: 2em;
}

..report hr {
	border: 1px solid #acf;
}

/* Top labels */
..report th {
	background-color: #acf;
	color: black;
	font-weight: bold;
	text-align: center;
}

..report th.void	{
	background-color: transparent;
	color: #000000;
	font: bold 10pt Helvetica, Arial, san-serif;
	text-align: left;
}

..report .pl {
	text-align: left;
	vertical-align: top;
	white-space: normal;
	width: 200px;
	white-space: normal; /* word-wrap: break-word; */
}

..report td.pl a.a {
	cursor: pointer;
	display: block;
	width: 200px;
	overflow: hidden;
}

..report td.pl div.a {
	width: 200px;
}

..report td.pl a:hover {
	background-color: #ffc;
}

/* Header rows... */
..report tr.rh {
	background-color: #acf;
	color: black;
	font-weight: bold;
}

/* Calendars... */
..report .rc {
	background-color: #f0f0f0;
}

/* Even rows... */
..report .re, .report .reu {
	background-color: #def;
}

..report .reu td {
	border-bottom: 1px solid black;
}

/* Odd rows... */
..report .ro, .report .rou {
	background-color: white;
}

..report .rou td {
	border-bottom: 1px solid black;
}

..report .rou table td, .report .reu table td {
	border-bottom: 0px solid black;
}

/* styles for footnote marker */
..report .fn {
	white-space: nowrap;
}

/* styles for numeric types */
..report .num, .report .nump {
	text-align: right;
	white-space: nowrap;
}

..report .nump {
	padding-left: 2em;
}

..report .nump {
	padding: 0px 0.4em 0px 2em;
}

/* styles for text types */
..report .text {
	text-align: left;
	white-space: normal;
}

..report .text .big {
	margin-bottom: 1em;
	width: 17em;
}

..report .text .more {
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
