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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended
--- | ---
Apr. 30, 2019 | Apr. 30, 2018 | Apr. 30, 2017
Revenue, net |  | $ 1,800,069 | $ 1,796,103 |  | $ 1,718,530 |
Costs and Expenses |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of sales | [1] | 554,722 | 531,024 | [2] | 500,794 | [2]
Operating and administrative expenses | [1],[2] | 963,582 | 956,822 |  | 943,242 |
Restructuring and related charges |  | 3,118 | 28,566 |  | 13,355 |
Amortization of intangibles |  | 54,658 | 48,230 |  | 49,669 |
Total Costs and Expenses |  | 1,576,080 | 1,564,642 |  | 1,507,060 |
Operating Income |  | 223,989 | 231,461 | [3] | 211,470 | [3]
Interest Expense |  | (16,121) | (13,274) |  | (16,938) |
Foreign Exchange Transaction (Losses) Gains |  | (6,016) | (12,819) |  | 421 |
Interest and Other Income (Expense) | [2] | 11,100 | 8,563 | [1] | (3,837) | [1]
Income Before Taxes |  | 212,952 | 213,931 |  | 191,116 |
Provision for Income Taxes |  | 44,689 | 21,745 |  | 77,473 |
Net Income |  | $ 168,263 | $ 192,186 |  | $ 113,643 |
Earnings Per Share |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic (in dollars per share) |  | $ 2.94 | $ 3.37 |  | $ 1.98 |
Diluted (in dollars per share) |  | $ 2.91 | $ 3.32 |  | $ 1.95 |
Weighted Average Number of Common Shares Outstanding |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic (in shares) |  | 57,192 | 57,043 |  | 57,337 |
Diluted (in shares) |  | 57,840 | 57,888 |  | 58,199 |
Class A [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash Dividends Per Share |  |  |  |  |  |
Common stock (in dollars per share) |  | $ 1.32 | $ 1.28 |  | $ 1.24 |
Class B [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash Dividends Per Share |  |  |  |  |  |
Common stock (in dollars per share) |  | $ 1.32 | $ 1.28 |  | $ 1.24 |
[1] | In connection with the acquisition of The Learning House, Inc. ("Learning House"), we changed our accounting policy for certain advertising and marketing costs incurred by our Education Services business to fulfill performance obligations from contracts with educational institutions. Under the new accounting policy, these costs are included in Cost of Sales whereas they were previously included in Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income. Including these expenses in Cost of Sales will better align these costs with the related revenue and conform with the presentation of such costs for Learning House. This change in accounting policy was applied retrospectively. The Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended April 30, 2018, and 2017 have been reclassified to reflect this change in accounting policy. The impact of this reclassification was an increase to Cost of Sales and a corresponding decrease to Operating and Administrative Expenses of $45.8 million and $40.0 million for the years ended April 30, 2018, and 2017, respectively. This reclassification had no impact on Revenue, net, Operating Income, Net Income, or Earnings per Share. Refer to "Change in Accounting Policy" in Note 2, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards," for more information on the accounting policy change and Note 4, "Acquisition," in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information related to the acquisition of Learning House.
[2] | Due to the retrospective adoption of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2017-07, "Compensation-Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost,", total net benefits (costs) of $8.1 million and $(5.3) million related to the non-service components of defined benefit and other post-employment benefit plans were reclassified from Operating and Administrative Expenses to Interest and Other Income (Expense) for the years ended April 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Total net benefits (costs) related to the non-service components of defined benefit and other post-employment benefit plans were $8.8 million for the year ended April 30, 2019. Refer to Note 2, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards, in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.
[3] | Due to the retrospective adoption of ASU 2017-07, total net benefits (costs) of $8.1 million and $(5.3) million related to the non-service components of defined benefit and other post-employment benefit plans were reclassified from Operating and Administrative Expenses to Interest Income and Other for the years ended April 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Refer to Note 2, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards," for more information. The impact of the reclassification on Contribution to Profit by segment for the year ended April 30, 2018 was $4.2 million in Research, $2.3 million in Publishing, and $1.6 million in Corporate expenses. The impact of the reclassification on Contribution to Profit by segment for the year ended April 30, 2017 was $1.6 million in Research, $1.2 million in Publishing, and $(8.1) million in Corporate expenses.

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