<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001140361-19-016270.txt : 20190906
<SEC-HEADER>0001140361-19-016270.hdr.sgml : 20190906
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20190906124239
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001140361-19-016270
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	10-Q
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		79
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20190731
FILED AS OF DATE:		20190906
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20190906

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000107140
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	BOOKS: PUBLISHING OR PUBLISHING AND PRINTING [2731]
		IRS NUMBER:				135593032
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			NY
		FISCAL YEAR END:			0430

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		10-Q
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-11507
		FILM NUMBER:		191079014

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		111 RIVER STREET
		CITY:			HOBOKEN
		STATE:			NJ
		ZIP:			07030
		BUSINESS PHONE:		2017486000

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		111 RIVER STREET
		CITY:			HOBOKEN
		STATE:			NJ
		ZIP:			07030

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	WILEY JOHN & SONS, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20070820

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	WILEY JOHN & SONS INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19920703
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>10-Q
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>form10q.htm
<DESCRIPTION>FORM 10Q FY20 Q1
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold;">UNITED STATES</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold;">SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Washington, D.C. 20549</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</div>
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    <td style="width: 1.99%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.&#160;&#160; <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityCurrentReportingStatus" id="Fact_b14b25f8ba454e65809a55924eb03b16" contextRef="c20190501to20190731">Yes</ix:nonNumeric>&#xA0;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#x2612;</span>&#160;&#160; No <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#x2610;</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (&#167;232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).&#160;&#160; <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" id="Fact_71ed719f6a9442179db36ee172de839a" contextRef="c20190501to20190731">Yes</ix:nonNumeric>&#xA0;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#x2612;</span>&#160;&#160; No <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#x2610;</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" id="zd8203d61164646989285b9c81cf0a9fa">
  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 50%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.</span>&#160;&#160; <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#x2610;</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).&#160;&#160; Yes <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityShellCompany" id="Fact_30143cb0bfdd4fea8294c1619c9b16e0" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#x2610;</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;&#160; No <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#x2612;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> </span><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The number of shares outstanding of each of the Registrant&#8217;s classes of common stock as of August 31, 2019 were:</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> </span><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class A, par value $1.00 &#8211; <ix:nonFraction name="dei:EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" id="Fact_8f4c99f8983249fe876bca28e668bf5f" contextRef="c20190831_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">47,349,487</ix:nonFraction></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class B, par value $1.00 &#8211; <ix:nonFraction name="dei:EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" id="Fact_34e33d1bd3314e29880266c3167e5c94" contextRef="c20190831_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">9,119,828</ix:nonFraction></div>
<div>
<div><br /></div>
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<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
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<div></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><!--PROfilePageNumberReset%Num%2%%%-->JOHN WILEY &amp; SONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="index"><!--Anchor--></a>INDEX</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" id="z0ab90becef9c4b59a4c249cb5b612a59">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Item 1.</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Financial Statements</div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#BS"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position - Unaudited as of </span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">July 31, 2019</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"> and audited as of </span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">April 30, 2019</span></a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">5</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#IS"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income - Unaudited for the </span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">three months ended</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">&#xA0;</span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">July 31, 2019</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"> and </span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">2018</span></a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#CI"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss - Unaudited for the </span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">three months ended</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">&#xA0;</span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">July 31, 2019</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"> and </span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">2018</span></a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">7</div></td>
  </tr>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#CF"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows &#8211; Unaudited for the </span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">three months ended</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">&#xA0;</span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">July 31, 2019</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"> and </span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">2018</span></a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">8</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#SSE"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity - Unaudited for the </span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">three months ended</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">&#xA0;</span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">July 31, 2019</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"> and </span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">2018</span></a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">9</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements</div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note1" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 1.&#160; &#160; Basis of Presentation</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note2" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 2.&#160; &#160; Recent Accounting Standards</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note3" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 3.&#160; &#160; Acquisitions</a></div></td>
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    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">12</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note5" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 5.&#160; &#160; Operating Leases</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">14</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note6" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 6.&#160; &#160; Stock-Based Compensation</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">16</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18.3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note7" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 7.&#160; &#160; Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">16</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18.3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note8" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 8.&#160; &#160; Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">16</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18.3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 9.&#160; &#160; Restructuring and Related Charges</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">17</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18.3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note10" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 10.&#160; Segment Information</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">18</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18.3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note11" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 11.&#160; Inventories</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">19</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18.3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note12" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 12.&#160; Goodwill and Intangible Assets</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">20</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18.3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note13" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 13.&#160; Income Taxes</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">20</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18.3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note14" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 14.&#160; Retirement Plans</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18.3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 15.&#160; Debt and Available Credit Facilities</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18.3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note16" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 16.&#160; Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">22</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18.3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note17" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 17.&#160; Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">23</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18.3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note18" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 18.&#160; Commitments and Contingencies</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">23</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Item 2.</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Part1Item2" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Management&#8217;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">24</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Item 3.</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Part1Item3" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">31</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Item 4.</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Part1Item4" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Controls and Procedures</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">32</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="3" style="width: 88.49%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">PART II </span>- <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">OTHER INFORMATION</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Item 1.</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Part2Item1" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Legal Proceedings</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">33</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Item 1a.</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Part2Item1a" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Risk Factors</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">33</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Item 2.</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Part2Item2" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">33</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Item 6.</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -15.55pt; margin-left: 15.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Part2Item6" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Exhibits</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">33</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.25%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 78.57%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td colspan="3" style="width: 88.49%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">SIGNATURES</div></td>
    <td style="width: 2.36%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.15%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">34</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>2</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Cautionary Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements &#8220;Safe Harbor&#8221; Statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">This report contains certain &#8220;forward-looking statements&#8221; within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 concerning our business, consolidated financial condition and results of operations. The Securities and Exchange Commission (&#8220;SEC&#8221;) encourages companies to disclose forward-looking information so that investors can better understand a company&#8217;s prospects and make informed investment decisions. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which are outside our control, which could cause actual results to differ materially from these statements. Therefore, you should not rely on any of these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements can be identified by such words as &#8220;anticipates,&#8221; &#8220;believes,&#8221; &#8220;plan,&#8221; &#8220;assumes,&#8221; &#8220;could,&#8221; &#8220;should,&#8221; &#8220;estimates,&#8221; &#8220;expects,&#8221; &#8220;intends,&#8221; &#8220;potential,&#8221; &#8220;seek,&#8221; &#8220;predict,&#8221; &#8220;may,&#8221; &#8220;will&#8221; and similar references to future periods. All statements other than statements of historical facts included in this report regarding our strategies, prospects, financial condition, operations, costs, plans and objectives are forward-looking statements. Examples of forward-looking statements include, among others, statements we make regarding our fiscal year 2020 outlook, anticipated restructuring charges and savings, operations, performance, and financial condition.&#160; Reliance should not be placed on forward-looking statements, as actual results may differ materially from those in any forward-looking statements. Any such forward-looking statements are based upon many assumptions and estimates that are inherently subject to uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond our control, and are subject to change based on many important factors. Such factors include, but are not limited to (i) the level of investment in new technologies and products; (ii) subscriber renewal rates for our journals; (iii) the financial stability and liquidity of journal subscription agents; (iv) the consolidation of book wholesalers and retail accounts; (v) the market position and financial stability of key retailers; (vi) the seasonal nature of our educational business and the impact of the used book market; (vii) worldwide economic and political conditions; (viii) our ability to protect our copyrights and other intellectual property worldwide; (ix) our ability to successfully integrate acquired operations and realize expected opportunities; (x) the ability to realize operating savings over time and in fiscal year 2020 in connection with our multi-year Business Optimization Program; and (xi) other factors detailed from time to time in our filings with the SEC. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any such forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Please refer to Part I, Item 1A, &#8220;Risk Factors,&#8221; of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for important factors that we believe could cause actual results to differ materially from those in our forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statement made by us in this report is based only on information currently available to us and speaks only as of the date on which it is made. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statement, whether written or oral, that may be made from time to time, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Non-GAAP Financial Measures:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We present financial information that conforms to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States of America (&#8220;U.S. GAAP&#8221;). We also present financial information that does not conform to U.S. GAAP, which we refer to as non-GAAP.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In this report, we may present the following non-GAAP performance measures:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z3b5198ada1c847dab9e23294775243bc">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 17.75pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted Earnings Per Share (&#8220;Adjusted EPS&#8221;);</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: left;">
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb4c25ca9df3a42b8817783039d0ee0e0">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 17.75pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Free Cash Flow less Product Development Spending;</div></td>
  </tr>
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</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za2e6ba84e9dc4d558fe3f86682b3c7a0">
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    <td style="width: 17.75pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18.25pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted Revenue;</div></td>
  </tr>
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<div style="text-align: left;">
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zfb7f1360577e45b09b855a993a1b74d2">
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    <td style="width: 17.75pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18.25pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted Operating Income and margin;</div></td>
  </tr>
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</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z4e66154c486841cd963b4e0c4861449a">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 17.75pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted Contribution to Profit and margin;</div></td>
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</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zbaca0b33fcf645ffb07e5626a91ffc17">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 17.75pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA;</div></td>
  </tr>
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</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z7607720ad5d0499aae9493b328710a5a">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 17.75pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18.25pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Inorganic contribution; and</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zaa1ff42776214187ab5626c810bd1143">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 17.75pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Results on a constant currency basis.</div></td>
  </tr>
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</div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Management uses these non-GAAP performance measures as supplemental indicators of our operating performance and financial position as well for internal reporting and forecasting purposes, when publicly providing its outlook, to evaluate our performance and to evaluate and calculate incentive compensation. We present these non-GAAP performance measures in addition to U.S. GAAP financial results because we believe that these non-GAAP performance measures provide useful information to certain investors and financial analysts for operational trends and comparisons over time. The use of these non-GAAP performance measures may also provide a consistent basis to evaluate operating profitability and performance trends by excluding items that we do not consider to be controllable activities for this purpose.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 3pt;"><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>3</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For example:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zaa6006324a214651a11ce03f86e2d66c">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted EPS, Adjusted Revenue, Adjusted Operating Profit, Adjusted Contribution to Profit, Adjusted EBITDA, and Inorganic contribution provide a more comparable basis to analyze operating results and earnings and are measures commonly used by shareholders to measure our performance.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z6e5ea001d02548fe9438186eb8ccbe03">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 17.75pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Free Cash Flow less Product Development Spending helps assess our ability, over the long term, to create value for our shareholders as it represents cash available to repay debt, pay common stock dividends and fund share repurchases and acquisitions.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z25a9f0dc5716492586a01c4037fd0fb0">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 17.75pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Results on a constant currency basis removes distortion from the effects of foreign currency movements to provide better comparability of our business trends from period to period. We measure our performance before the impact of foreign currency (or at &#8220;constant currency&#8221;), which means that we apply the same foreign currency exchange rates for the current and equivalent prior period.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In addition, we have historically provided these or similar non-GAAP performance measures and understand that some investors and financial analysts find this information helpful in analyzing our operating margins, and net income and comparing our financial performance to that of our peer companies and competitors. Based on interactions with investors, we also believe that our non-GAAP performance measures are regarded as useful to our investors as supplemental to our U.S. GAAP financial results, and that there is no confusion regarding the adjustments or our operating performance to our investors due to the comprehensive nature of our disclosures. We have not provided our 2020 outlook for the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures, as they are not available without unreasonable effort due to the high variability, complexity, and low visibility with respect to certain items, including restructuring charges and credits, gains and losses on foreign currency, and other gains and losses. These items are uncertain, depend on various factors, and could be material to our consolidated results computed in accordance with U.S. GAAP.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Non-GAAP performance measures do not have standardized meanings prescribed by U.S. GAAP and therefore may not be comparable to the calculation of similar measures used by other companies and should not be viewed as alternatives to measures of financial results under U.S. GAAP. The adjusted metrics have limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered in isolation from or as a substitute for U.S. GAAP information. It does not purport to represent any similarly titled U.S. GAAP information and is not an indicator of our performance under U.S. GAAP. Non-U.S. GAAP financial metrics that we present may not be comparable with similarly titled measures used by others. Investors are cautioned against placing undue reliance on these non-U.S. GAAP measures.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>4</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="BS"><!--Anchor--></a>JOHN WILEY &amp; SONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Dollars in thousands</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z53266c5fbb2749a8878397fb2440f45d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(Unaudited)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Assets:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Current Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cash and cash equivalents</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" id="Fact_7b00fe5ec80e4268aec43cab188520a9" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">104,025</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InventoryNet" id="Fact_88e453a3d7814d579b9400e75f6f3938" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">44,811</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetsCurrent" id="Fact_a618b09b68194dc4ab6220c3b4df219e" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">491,183</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetsCurrent" id="Fact_e49a93d78c6145f7a6cb173bacf5dbfe" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">490,780</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Product Development Assets, net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssets" id="Fact_51a4308cbe454171b3494579d96ef9f8" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">60,093</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssets" id="Fact_3237105a066e4786ad7e96ac14f89b78" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">62,470</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Royalty Advances, net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdvanceRoyaltiesNoncurrent" id="Fact_d50cecce1c6547cf9836233a411b8c67" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">26,788</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdvanceRoyaltiesNoncurrent" id="Fact_e4dde94e941944b581fab8644f0ab675" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">36,185</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Technology, Property and Equipment, net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" id="Fact_8345d18bc96045cd94dd96f3cc7fad3d" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">292,535</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" id="Fact_8881dfb3e20149a089a63df661b8c3f6" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">289,021</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangible Assets, net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill" id="Fact_81fcf48e600f466394151f54f1f0bc27" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">878,269</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill" id="Fact_56276691b4a0495aa2b39e7184e96df9" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">865,572</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Goodwill</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Goodwill" id="Fact_3d5f1d95ad084022891045db146674fa" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,121,783</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Goodwill" id="Fact_d515613341da4846bdefa118980d63cd" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,095,666</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" id="Fact_1542b394221147a2b9e90d7a510c51bf" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">147,370</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" id="Fact_0cb19b46368b457887c951fe1d48ab79" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other Non-Current Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherAssetsNoncurrent" id="Fact_d384938d020c466eb08e35192f9ea720" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">102,052</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedRoyaltiesCurrent" id="Fact_59343cbd8bed42c19fb24b97aea4e07e" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">88,162</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedRoyaltiesCurrent" id="Fact_4df9b7ffed3e417599cf69927dc243b4" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">78,062</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermDebtCurrent" id="Fact_793cc7a062b142c2ac2741901d1e318e" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">6,250</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermDebtCurrent" id="Fact_be6c3cfd737b49879637b21fdb23ac9c" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Contract liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" id="Fact_70307c8e95774e8ca37a30b477048271" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">408,630</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" id="Fact_35369edccc414c29a17f741d03ffd6a7" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">507,365</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accrued employment costs</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent" id="Fact_902a8206c330466e8503db90dbc151a4" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">64,215</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent" id="Fact_d3971df542a841d19e9aeff508818045" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">97,230</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accrued income taxes</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedIncomeTaxesCurrent" id="Fact_6becc5409dd64c71b2c0c7d0df7faec9" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">11,418</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedIncomeTaxesCurrent" id="Fact_7df094dab79a4374bbe7cc5f306357b8" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">21,025</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Short-term portion of operating lease liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" id="Fact_3bbce9145ac94bf0b952cfea4a625d56" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">18,041</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" id="Fact_7fe001623fec462697b5212bd0f34176" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other accrued liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" id="Fact_8c2a3ab9dc1840338788e2b143945dd6" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">75,896</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" id="Fact_d157adda9f8b4a2db3679851aa4840d5" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">75,900</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent" id="Fact_5074e0f88dfb4b4bae71f78702020e0d" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">143,775</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating Lease Liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" id="Fact_247859f7d53b478d918725c0cecf4670" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">166,642</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" id="Fact_1759fedf28c94719b9bfbc042ccb97e9" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" id="Fact_4019115d2f574161b03d99f2ba2f2631" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">68,464</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" id="Fact_9f148b0072714a76b82c6c37c57ec725" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">96,197</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Liabilities" id="Fact_554362047db34028be14b8af05c88dbb" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,988,067</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Liabilities" id="Fact_6e46d6c5a7cb42b4a642c2b8531ac70a" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,755,655</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Shareholders&#8217; Equity</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Preferred Stock, $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" id="Fact_5d6199189dd942389a76311df17d67d5" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U003" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" id="Fact_12d5cf0264ac4e708dcfaac7266da7bb" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U003" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction> par value: Authorized &#8211; <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" id="Fact_cb19840e37e647988a29ce676b1b8c8b" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" id="Fact_b52ac1d8c44946538816fde1bbefeb20" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U001" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction> million, Issued <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesIssued" id="Fact_df0757a832254ab0a66bc28e70483f3b" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesIssued" id="Fact_73dd3a4acb694c69a1f49eb2a2b72b70" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U001" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockValue" id="Fact_c8511c3884624eefb1121dc45ef8109b" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockValue" id="Fact_32880c08a6294a989f3de4cd6e087535" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockValue" id="Fact_389b46334dec45c7ba7c1d1cd1175563" contextRef="c20190731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">13,043</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockValue" id="Fact_f0fc03ab7c9f493897c775618d8f813a" contextRef="c20190430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">13,055</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Additional paid-in-capital</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapital" id="Fact_a47dbbe32299461ea5d9aaa077633a7c" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">424,904</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapital" id="Fact_de6caab98a4f45b391d0e593ec1bc931" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">422,305</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Retained earnings</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" id="Fact_1ccdbb470bb049eb93babd6f96b42936" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,915,445</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" id="Fact_b4732302ae7b4ca48935d035c778b9b8" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,931,074</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" id="Fact_081c3c1d97d2453693c4272500de13c1" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">536,024</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" id="Fact_7dbff00ac1374082ab4c51e7905c81e5" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">508,738</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Treasury stock (Class A - <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockShares" id="Fact_e2f50f2f247546f2badc8e629d474860" contextRef="c20190731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">22,795,256</ix:nonFraction> and <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockShares" id="Fact_0be93bae44804cf2bb89b5543dc0aab4" contextRef="c20190430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">22,633,869</ix:nonFraction> as of July 31, 2019 and April 30, 2019, respectively; Class B -&#160; <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockShares" id="Fact_f6bd75526187465b82801e08734dd136" contextRef="c20190731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,917,574</ix:nonFraction> and <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockShares" id="Fact_15a179a6ca3441b0b874486511032d87" contextRef="c20190430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,917,574</ix:nonFraction> as of July 31, 2019 and April 30, 2019, respectively)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValue" id="Fact_42833912a0f349eb8cc5d668b8ff0202" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">755,501</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValue" id="Fact_1b2201373a07425fa5ac71a6a3d3fcd8" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">746,476</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Shareholders&#8217; Equity</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_0ed5d48377874a14b9fbede59d6e1d30" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,132,006</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_bc87ad5b8b274c5790d6184bd4459bc7" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,181,347</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" id="Fact_d67d9ac659f443d099d4fe9cd8b5ab18" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,120,073</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" id="Fact_af6a5c4dcee24690995611e814f0e979" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,937,002</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.</div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>5</span></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="IS"><!--Anchor--></a>JOHN WILEY &amp; SONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME &#8211; UNAUDITED</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Dollars in thousands except per share information</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z08430242d9e545efaefdf0ce500cfc32" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
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    <td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31,</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revenue, net</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Costs and Expenses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cost of sales</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" id="Fact_ed8433c9d33d4931b385d84eb3f9b577" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">143,096</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating and administrative expenses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" id="Fact_191860f5c3de402684c4a2062a3a95f5" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">250,170</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" id="Fact_b9f2da2054234debb5d15fc8b303b6cb" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">240,426</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_063364ed2d7342cc822d14f41b12225c" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">10,735</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amortization of intangibles</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets" id="Fact_977ec9a7885148d6b9fc3579ace8c5ff" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">14,970</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets" id="Fact_db88eba4a61842e09e2ee7abb5e3ac20" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">12,683</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Costs and Expenses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CostsAndExpenses" id="Fact_835babf38cef4f5f9ac4ded1d98c822c" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">418,971</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CostsAndExpenses" id="Fact_d51a1cd8b2fe489cac1c0813fd64527e" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">374,761</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating Income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" id="Fact_dcc3be46a38141d091aa2959b26b4227" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4,559</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" id="Fact_80b95990ac3f4128964d0dc112917e6a" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">36,140</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interest Expense</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InterestExpense" id="Fact_60346ed93bff4dbeaa9e6d2b898aa591" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">6,077</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InterestExpense" id="Fact_4529bbee31d34bc4965c9fea3cb8bc40" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,796</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InterestAndOtherIncome" id="Fact_1f3f897c88924ec097cc8b4b559e96f7" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,466</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" id="Fact_7e69e662100e41fc8c0746eaa93d885e" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">343</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" id="Fact_f839fbaccf7344e69c4bd4037c0b9350" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">7,786</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" id="Fact_6bdf8c9adadd4b60807afc27bc609f09" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">26,295</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Earnings Per Share</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Basic</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasic" id="Fact_5235bf7b6f844dc2ac74b02190a48d45" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.06</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasic" id="Fact_2ad368ef56f84e85b182da462e7699fb" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.46</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Diluted</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EarningsPerShareDiluted" id="Fact_405de857274a49369bbbd1523d7c4c91" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.06</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EarningsPerShareDiluted" id="Fact_16d7874244fa4497acfdca2ed2b91412" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.45</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Weighted Average Number of Common Shares Outstanding</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Basic</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> </span><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>6</span></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="CI"><!--Anchor--></a>JOHN WILEY &amp; SONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS &#8211; UNAUDITED</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Dollars in thousands</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z0b69bc02a3ca4b82b9b5bde0cce4e032" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
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    <td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other Comprehensive Loss:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Foreign currency translation adjustment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax" id="Fact_dd51a684007f47199f3b1b32927ef5bf" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">35,539</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax" id="Fact_1053108b4cc1489c816d97c98cfbabfd" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">40,325</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Unamortized retirement costs, tax (expense) of $(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodTax" id="Fact_3b7deab4a9f740a5bfc2d182d2dca6cd" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,180</ix:nonFraction>) and $(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodTax" id="Fact_65828d63641f475ca418a0d9c9988865" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,488</ix:nonFraction>), respectively</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" id="Fact_c267700694d84716b2110b9f85191a05" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">8,168</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" id="Fact_0b24e7e7ffce42aca7ff459c4c71d2ed" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">8,811</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swaps, tax benefit of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodTax" id="Fact_6a886b75aeaa4a3eab99794baee36c88" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">44</ix:nonFraction> and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodTax" id="Fact_52e7f453790b467fba611534a0a9c7b0" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">204</ix:nonFraction>, respectively</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" id="Fact_3bf62033b4244dea9435f52fcd1beb7d" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">85</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" id="Fact_f9ba63f35a6a49e397d67e179b58e3e2" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">652</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Other Comprehensive Loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_6e849a0470e44c86a14855c9444d30b9" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">27,286</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_e78f9ee553004126bdeb9e3456380d6b" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">32,166</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.</div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>7</span></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">J<a id="CF"><!--Anchor--></a>OHN WILEY &amp; SONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS &#8211; UNAUDITED</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Dollars in thousands</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z5c3b8cb8c35245c89a6c7eaf6da79df7" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amortization of intangibles</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amortization of product development assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets" id="Fact_9e14a57a9ddf4aefab645c0beef3ee6b" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">8,714</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Depreciation and amortization of technology, property and equipment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Depreciation" id="Fact_9e57cb562e914cbb81c89f6c72e12ee2" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">18,535</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring charges (credits)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_a49f10d23f0246a0a3e837648e57a934" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">10,735</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_30700b201f544db9899138cba70c1209" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">6,086</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Stock-based compensation expense</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" id="Fact_e791202f4ae04c9d97e9238faec62de7" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4,604</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" id="Fact_8ba317e7f6b344f99a222629ac6dd0ae" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,930</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Employee retirement plan expense</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherPostretirementBenefitExpense" id="Fact_87fd6fdee85d472c89ca86d6545e6fd2" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,841</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherPostretirementBenefitExpense" id="Fact_bd372ed265b34c63acf1a4519db96995" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,469</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Royalty advances</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Earned royalty advances</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Foreign currency (gains) losses</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other non-cash charges (credits)</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accounts receivable, net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables" id="Fact_3e82b5e9f92b45de9cd5b4118861ce3e" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">11,934</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables" id="Fact_6e7e90b435664e0aaddfe9798c0af1aa" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">64,053</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accounts payable</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableTrade" id="Fact_6f8684ec22a346ae85cb2796064c08c9" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">23,742</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableTrade" id="Fact_239ded43beee49cebf092962c953044e" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">36,138</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Contract liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" id="Fact_acfbfe54c33440978d16d9578dce2790" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">103,268</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" id="Fact_27c62ea98ed240a69e72a816f13a838d" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">67,221</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other accrued liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOtherAccruedLiabilities" id="Fact_20d909f68c8e4789a78eac0cbcf88ed2" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">33,404</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOtherAccruedLiabilities" id="Fact_acbdaf88bfbf41beb8baff318d22e83b" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">50,424</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other assets and liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOtherOperatingCapitalNet" id="Fact_00b74a75b55f4f3f8b0a5bde74a46a0c" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">18,008</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOtherOperatingCapitalNet" id="Fact_e228e2967a0e41e4b67821a4f582d574" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4,917</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Net Cash Used In Operating Activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" id="Fact_c42a348e57c94aad980ec7c27a74b3db" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">94,168</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" id="Fact_f3c17399bd0949ac8acac86c594ff841" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">144,989</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Investing Activities</span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Businesses acquired in purchase transactions, net of cash acquired</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets" id="Fact_d9fdf101b3a1484cb3d752874f96681b" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,270</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets" id="Fact_f48847539e69463f9eb71e0bcbcfca6a" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,970</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Net Cash Used in Investing Activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" id="Fact_31964700d238441394f2ed3970060351" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">26,520</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Financing Activities</span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Repayment of long-term debt</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RepaymentsOfLongTermDebt" id="Fact_ab08937348814636b0501b872a07f15b" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">10,400</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Borrowing of long-term debt</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceOfLongTermDebt" id="Fact_c5f4441a73e24c3aa818fc0b2a7a9179" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">264,248</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Payment of debt issuance costs</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts" id="Fact_efa218c8cb444320bb6a35b370d365b3" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,957</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Purchase of treasury shares</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock" id="Fact_255d2ccd7e394224a0941f068985d552" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">10,000</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Change in book overdrafts</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts" id="Fact_a95648d304ec4613b022afef867571c3" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">6,169</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" id="Fact_ff0ad1f38eba4909a962d3922b686ca1" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4,363</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Balance at Beginning of Period</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" id="Fact_df2e5a9e9df04f79899033a41e1e8a7f" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">93,548</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Increase/(Decrease) for the Period</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restricted cash included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" id="Fact_cb9d4813034a4542bc7aa6a067055105" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">658</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See the accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.</div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>8</span></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="SSE"><!--Anchor--></a>JOHN WILEY &amp; SONS, INC., AND SUBSIDIARIES</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS&#8217; EQUITY </span>&#8211; UNAUDITED</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Dollars in thousands</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zfa47d5028dc34fef84806c69c05af680" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Treasury</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Stock</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_78a0e5e90a134233a321a820f6bea270" contextRef="c20190430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_RetainedEarningsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,931,074</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 16%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_b6ef227c804a4da7b78831eb9b8a3e0a" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_CommonStockMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_395c1031b61449c09bdcac1ce4367e0c" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_RetainedEarningsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">16,148</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_882d6396dad449ef86222a32106a8268" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_0705440086bd48718370acda2e7dcd26" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">16,148</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 16%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class B Common Stock Dividends ($<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" id="Fact_03fec380fadf4c7ebf06a0bbe2022b30" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.34</ix:nonFraction> per share)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_d96c07ec0ba24ac8aa15b9c62cdbf798" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_CommonStockMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_fcc30f2c998f41238e4b54b084d6bdeb" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_CommonStockMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_7c53ab8b069f4695843f077bedffed35" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_3e429be62e5f40dfab010cc3a5f15159" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_RetainedEarningsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,104</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_d2c61f7fd84c4222848e413bf3c37384" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_TreasuryStockMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityOther" id="Fact_f2a8dbc1da09456ca3d6898d37916b47" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_CommonStockMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">12</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" id="Fact_e1fa73845ab54d00a1a1b51ea6598bad" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_RetainedEarningsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,624</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" id="Fact_f1655b49ceb34552824f0a618dda15fa" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_TreasuryStockMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" id="Fact_8f78aed1016645a5a05df25d34cc285d" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">23,662</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_9b3aac71a2a5426aa16be2a1452a42d0" contextRef="c20190731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_CommonStockMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">13,043</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_d027f19ba0e64d2b8e6e6cd9c2374bfe" contextRef="c20190731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">424,904</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z3fda2ffbb20d40d692bd938a72e6d710" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Additional</span></div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Paid-in Capital</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Retained</span></div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Earnings</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" id="Fact_bfb85e6e53bd4b32a90cf1ed60f62574" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" id="Fact_6f13350f941042eeb2a2f163909c9b20" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_RetainedEarningsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" id="Fact_0fda8721c7f24ce99983fa91c6dc35b4" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 16%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class A Common Stock Dividends ($<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" id="Fact_0cb2ad931a4a4f989593f07b5bf26ea1" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.33</ix:nonFraction> per share)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_014d380e1daf47ba91068551fc820c46" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_CommonStockMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_36859f5ad5de43628a4db13bbca58ac0" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_TreasuryStockMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_b485c8cec326413e836ac235202d5174" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_d492095cb5864408a1d43afcc854ab3e" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">16,022</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" id="Fact_9d891326721a452fba3f0ce320d5e383" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_CommonStockMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_a8cdf9e22e4d498b9d0c7abcd12a41fa" contextRef="c20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,174,008</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See accompanying notes to the audited consolidated financial statements<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">.</span></div>
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<div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>9</span></div>
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<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">JOHN WILEY &amp; SONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div><a id="Note1"><!--Anchor--></a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 1 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Basis of Presentation</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_b31d815f7e744054a6658af4abf644fd2" continuedAt="Text_b31d815f7e744054a6658af4abf644fd3">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock" id="Text_c9da33f3642a4808b762880695aaf10a" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_ad9616ff16134ce0ac51c3ebcb25896f1"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">Throughout this report, when we refer to &#8220;Wiley,&#8221; the &#8220;Company,&#8221; &#8220;we,&#8221; &#8220;our,&#8221; or &#8220;us,&#8221; we are referring to John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. and all our subsidiaries, except where the context indicates otherwise.</span></ix:nonNumeric></div>
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<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include all the accounts of the Company and our subsidiaries. We have eliminated all intercompany transactions and balances in consolidation. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Condition, Results of Operations, Comprehensive Income and Cash Flows for the periods presented. Operating results for the interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full year. All amounts are in thousands, except per share amounts, and approximate due to rounding. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the most recent audited consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019 as filed with the SEC on July 1, 2019 (&#8220;2019 Form 10-K&#8221;).</div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_b31d815f7e744054a6658af4abf644fd5" continuedAt="Text_b31d815f7e744054a6658af4abf644fd6"><ix:continuation id="Text_ad9616ff16134ce0ac51c3ebcb25896f3" continuedAt="Text_ad9616ff16134ce0ac51c3ebcb25896f4">
<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_b31d815f7e744054a6658af4abf644fd6" continuedAt="Text_b31d815f7e744054a6658af4abf644fd7">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:continuation id="Text_ad9616ff16134ce0ac51c3ebcb25896f4" continuedAt="Text_ad9616ff16134ce0ac51c3ebcb25896f5"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">Our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in accordance with the interim reporting requirements of the SEC. As permitted under those rules, annual footnotes or other financial information that are normally required by U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted. The preparation of our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.</span></ix:continuation></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_b31d815f7e744054a6658af4abf644fd8"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription" id="Text_b73b153142f8470b8e7ff90ab266671b" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year&#8217;s presentation. The Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended July 31, 2018, includes a reclassification of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustment" id="Fact_4b8c5cb9ea8e4bc8b71e3f6cbce7d48b" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_AdjustmentsForChangeInAccountingPrincipleAxis_ReclassificationForCostsToFulfillContractAndProductDevelopmentSpendingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4.5</ix:nonFraction> million between Operating Activities within the net change in operating assets and liabilities and Investing Activities related to costs to fulfill a contract and product development spending.&#160; In addition, for the three months ended July 31, 2018, amortization expense related to costs to fulfill a contract of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustment" id="Fact_d67fabfb69334250a9176e8541b70c72" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_AdjustmentsForChangeInAccountingPrincipleAxis_ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.8</ix:nonFraction> million was reclassed from amortization of product development spending to other non-cash charges (credits) within Operating Activities.</div>
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<div><br /></div>
<div><a id="Note2"><!--Anchor--></a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 2 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Recent Accounting Standards</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Recently Adopted Accounting Standards</div>
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<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02 &#8220;Income Statement&#8212;Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income,&#8221; which allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The standard was effective for us on May 1, 2019, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. We adopted ASU 2018-02 on May 1, 2019. We did not elect to reclassify the income tax effects from comprehensive income to retained earnings for the stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Our policy for releasing the income tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income is when the corresponding pretax accumulated other comprehensive income items are reclassified to earnings.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities,&#8221; to simplify and improve the application and financial reporting of hedge accounting. Subsequently, in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-1<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">6, &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap (OIS) Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes&#8221;.&#160; ASU 2017-12</span> eases the requirements for measuring and reporting hedge ineffectiveness and clarifies that changes in the fair value of hedging instruments for cash flow, net investment, and fair value hedges should be reflected in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. The guidance also permits entities to designate specific components in cash flow and interest rate hedges as the hedged risk, instead of using total cash flows. ASU 2018-16 allows the use of the OIS rate based on the SOFR as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for hedge accounting purposes. These ASUs were effective for us on May 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. We adopted ASU 2017-12, 2018-06 and 2019-04, for those portions related to ASU 2017-02, on May 1, 2019 and there was no impact to our consolidated financial statements at the date of adoption. The future impact will depend on any future hedging activities we may enter into.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)&#8221;. Subsequently, the FASB issued in March 2019, ASU 2019-01, &#8220;Leases (Topic 842): Codification Improvements&#8221;, in December 2018 ASU 2018-20, &#8220;Leases (Topic 842): Narrow Scope Improvements for Lessors&#8221;,&#160;and in July 2018 the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, &#8220;Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements&#8221; and ASU 2018-10, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases&#8221;.&#160; ASU 2016-02 requires an entity to recognize a right-of-use asset (&#8220;ROU&#8221;) and lease liability for all leases with terms of more than 12 months and provide enhanced disclosures. Recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses depends on classification as a finance or operating lease. Similar modifications have been made to lessor accounting in-line with revenue recognition guidance.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The new standard provides a number of optional practical expedients in transition. We elected the practical expedients to forgo a reassessment of (1) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (2) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and (3) initial direct costs.&#160; We did not elect the practical expedient allowing the use-of-hindsight which would have required us to reassess the lease term of our leases based on all facts and circumstances through the effective date.&#160; In addition, we did not elect the practical expedient pertaining to land easements.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In addition, the new standard provides as a practical expedient, certain policy elections for ongoing lease accounting which we elected at the date of adoption and included the following, (i) to not separate nonlease components from the associated lease component if certain conditions are met, and (ii) to not recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for leases that qualify as short-term.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The standard was effective for us on May 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. A modified retrospective transition approach was required, applying the standard to all leases existing at the date of initial application. A company could choose to use either (1) its effective date or (2) the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements as of its date of initial application. We adopted the new standard on May 1, 2019 and used the effective date as the date of initial application. Accordingly, previously reported financial information was not updated, and the disclosures required under the new standard will not be provided for dates and periods before May 1, 2019.&#160;</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">At adoption, we recognized operating lease liabilities of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability" id="Fact_979f3b637a2a4a7f86ba302fba6d9e08" contextRef="c20190430_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_AccountingStandardsUpdate201602Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">178</ix:nonFraction> million based on the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments for existing operating leases and ROU assets of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" id="Fact_6792bbe29fb84897abaa48306f2d3300" contextRef="c20190430_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_AccountingStandardsUpdate201602Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">142</ix:nonFraction> million on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. The difference between the ROU assets and operating lease liabilities represents the existing deferred rent liabilities, prepaid rent balances, and applicable restructuring liabilities, which were reclassified upon adoption to reduce the measurement of the ROU assets. The adoption of the standard did not have an impact on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Shareholders&#8217; Equity, Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income or Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow. See Note 5, &#8220;Operating Leases&#8221;, for further details on our operating leases.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Recently Issued Accounting Standards</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software: Customer&#8217;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, &#8220;Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer&#8217;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract.&#8221; ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, &#8220;Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans.&#8221; ASU 2018-14 removes certain disclosures that are not considered cost beneficial, clarifies certain required disclosures and added additional disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2021, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in ASU 2018-14 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis.&#160; We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, &#8220;Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.&#8221; ASU 2018-13 removes, modifies and added disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Certain disclosures in ASU 2018-13 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis and others on a prospective basis. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, &#8220;Intangibles&#8211;Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): &#8220;Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment&#8221;, which simplifies the measurement of a potential goodwill impairment charge by eliminating the requirement to calculate an implied fair value of the goodwill based on the fair value of a reporting unit&#8217;s other assets and liabilities. The new guidance eliminates the implied fair value method and instead measures a potential impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit&#8217;s carrying value compared to its fair value. The impairment charge cannot exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Based on our most recent annual goodwill impairment test completed in the year ended April 30, 2019, we expect no impact upon adoption.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, &#8220;Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.&#8221; Subsequently, in May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05 - "Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief&#8221;, in April 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-04, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments,&#8221; and in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses&#8221;.&#160; ASU 2016-13 requires entities to measure all expected credit losses for most financial assets held at the reporting date based on an expected loss model which includes historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Entities will now use forward-looking information to better form their credit loss estimates. ASU 2016-13 also requires enhanced disclosures to help financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an entity&#8217;s portfolio. ASU 2016-13, ASU 2019-05, ASU 2019-04 and ASU 2018-19 are effective for us on May 1, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal periods, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</div>
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<div><a id="Note3"><!--Anchor--></a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 3 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Acquisitions</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Fiscal Year 2020</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Zyante Inc.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On July 1, 2019, we completed the acquisition of Zyante Inc. (&#8220;zyBooks&#8221;), a leading provider of computer science and STEM education courseware. The results of operations of zyBooks is included in our Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning segment results. The preliminary fair value of the cash consideration transferred, net of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAcquiredFromAcquisition" id="Fact_27561f519245406490fdc7246342573c" contextRef="c20190701to20190701_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_ZyanteMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.8</ix:nonFraction> million of cash acquired was approximately $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" id="Fact_60ed60d6c2454f48b99f077bf369132d" contextRef="c20190701to20190701_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_ZyanteMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">54.1</ix:nonFraction> million. We recorded the preliminary fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the acquisition date, which included a preliminary allocation of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Goodwill" id="Fact_1cbf5e2663e94ec7b50151f2224aaf4d" contextRef="c20190701_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_ZyanteMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">33.2</ix:nonFraction> million of goodwill and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" id="Fact_a605fb169eec4d798daeb292b28bf765" contextRef="c20190701_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_ZyanteMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">28.5</ix:nonFraction> million of intangible assets, consisting of developed technology, customer relationships, content and trademarks.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other Acquisitions</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On May 31, 2019, we completed the acquisition of certain assets of Knewton, Inc. (&#8220;Knewton&#8221;). Knewton is a provider of affordable courseware and adaptive learning technology. The results of Knewton are included in our Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning segment results. In addition, in the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019, we also completed the acquisition of <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired" id="Fact_cef898d4684c434fa70044eab31f38fc" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_OtherAcquistionsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember" unitRef="U004" decimals="INF" scale="0" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen">two</ix:nonFraction> immaterial businesses, which are included in our Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The preliminary fair value of cash consideration transferred during the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 was approximately $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" id="Fact_ab49ef769cfb412492282c273d1b1a6b" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_OtherAcquistionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">19.1</ix:nonFraction> million. We recorded the preliminary fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the acquisition date, which included a preliminary allocation of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Goodwill" id="Fact_10627363e29a49f49fe83f8f70345ccb" contextRef="c20190731_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_OtherAcquistionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">9.4</ix:nonFraction> million of goodwill and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" id="Fact_85344dd28dc5466cb635b59935c5b05f" contextRef="c20190731_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_OtherAcquistionsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">15.3</ix:nonFraction> million of intangible assets.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The allocation of the purchase price to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed for the acquisitions discussed above is preliminary and could be revised as a result of additional information obtained due to the finalization of the third-party valuation report,&#160; tax related matters and contingencies, but such amounts will be finalized within the measurement period, which will not exceed one year from the acquisition dates.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>12</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Fiscal Year 2019</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Learning House, Inc.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On November 1, 2018, we completed the acquisition of <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired" id="Fact_bd1f827fc44c40caba19c38e77fc422a" contextRef="c20181031_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember" unitRef="U005" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">100</ix:nonFraction>% of the outstanding stock of The Learning House, Inc. (&#8220;Learning House&#8221;) a diversified education services provider. The results of operations of Learning House are included in our Education Services segment.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The fair value of the consideration transferred was approximately $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1" id="Fact_cbb47b34848747ffa6785f1ae08da38b" contextRef="c20181101to20181101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">201.3</ix:nonFraction> million which included $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" id="Fact_2c5ff970f2f64afa8858418079d79312" contextRef="c20181101to20181101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">200.7</ix:nonFraction> million of cash and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredEquityInterestsIssuedAndIssuable" id="Fact_06d8d48ed13a41a79b38655d8ae21303" contextRef="c20181101to20181101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.6</ix:nonFraction> million of warrants, inclusive of purchase price adjustments which were finalized in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2019. We financed the payment of the cash consideration through borrowings under our RCA (as defined below in Note 15, &#8220;Debt and Available Credit Facilities&#8221;).&#160;The warrants were classified as equity and allow the holder to purchase <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights" id="Fact_ffef102a67cf46e0a4737362835fda5e" contextRef="c20181031_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">400,000</ix:nonFraction> shares of our Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" id="Fact_2d34f92dfdb84b23b95e90db9cb36d78" contextRef="c20181031_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">90.00</ix:nonFraction>, subject to adjustments. The term of the warrants is three years, expiring on November 1, 2021. The fair value of the warrants was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of the cash consideration transferred, net of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAcquiredFromAcquisition" id="Fact_616bba8c32c2411788d807bdb86fe9b4" contextRef="c20181101to20181101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">10.3</ix:nonFraction> million of cash acquired was approximately $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" id="Fact_229dec80595f4e46be395a3d7fa16fde" contextRef="c20181101to20181101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">190.4</ix:nonFraction> million.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The allocation of the consideration transferred to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed is preliminary and could be revised as a result of additional information obtained due to the finalization of the third-party valuation report,&#160; tax related matters and contingencies, but such amounts will be finalized within the measurement period, which will not exceed one year from the acquisition date. During the three months ended July 31, 2019, no revisions were made to the allocation of the consideration transferred to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.</div>
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<div><a id="Note4"><!--Anchor--></a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 4 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Disaggregation of Revenue</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock" id="Text_a5c8850c12d644a9a3624343f24a8528" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_743d787b69c74bac84215c67fc9712961"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas. See Note 10, &#8220;Segment Information,&#8221; for more details. The following table presents our revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type.</span></ix:nonNumeric></div>
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<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_8a3553e29f52447c8513ded0a3c8caca" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_ProductOrServiceAxis_ResearchPublishingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">216,714</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_dd559113a3fd49328ce807de96b6d092" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_ProductOrServiceAxis_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">29,160</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_230dbfa35ddf44a39881cf5e2f13bdb9" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_ProductOrServiceAxis_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">29,160</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_d9c1aacd85f3455693254f91cebb9311" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">225,317</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_9eb82c6258954751ab5acfc59b841856" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">156,424</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_3c2a2e794af3472798b3e326ca36c247" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">29,160</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_3a41dd0fb51a413680fe4abd1be733fc" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">410,901</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_c6e834837aa3455b8232295b8e6794719" continuedAt="Text_c6e834837aa3455b8232295b8e67947110">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>13</span></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<ix:continuation id="Text_c6e834837aa3455b8232295b8e67947110" continuedAt="Text_c6e834837aa3455b8232295b8e67947111">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Accounts Receivable, net and Contract Liability Balances</div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_c6e834837aa3455b8232295b8e67947111" continuedAt="Text_c6e834837aa3455b8232295b8e67947112">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_c6e834837aa3455b8232295b8e67947112" continuedAt="Text_c6e834837aa3455b8232295b8e67947113">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">When consideration is received, or such consideration is unconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services to the customer under the terms of a contract, a contract liability is recorded. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue when, or as, control of the products or services are transferred to the customer and all revenue recognition criteria have been met.</div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_c6e834837aa3455b8232295b8e67947113" continuedAt="Text_c6e834837aa3455b8232295b8e67947114">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_c6e834837aa3455b8232295b8e67947114" continuedAt="Text_c6e834837aa3455b8232295b8e67947115">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock" id="Text_7fb3f7d9dfb24cba96fc6b1b2470258a" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_aa763d57aab440e8ab175c7a4b3c5d981"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following table provides information about receivables and contract liabilities from contracts with customers.</span></ix:nonNumeric></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_c6e834837aa3455b8232295b8e67947115" continuedAt="Text_c6e834837aa3455b8232295b8e67947116"><ix:continuation id="Text_aa763d57aab440e8ab175c7a4b3c5d981" continuedAt="Text_aa763d57aab440e8ab175c7a4b3c5d982">
<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_c6e834837aa3455b8232295b8e67947116" continuedAt="Text_c6e834837aa3455b8232295b8e67947117"><ix:continuation id="Text_aa763d57aab440e8ab175c7a4b3c5d982" continuedAt="Text_aa763d57aab440e8ab175c7a4b3c5d983">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z8318a36a7a8a4bdfa71fb460e8135d43" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent" id="Fact_ab35a37af7244cf683f4dc6299062fa7" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_AccountingStandardsUpdate201409Member_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionAxis_DifferenceBetweenRevenueGuidanceInEffectBeforeAndAfterTopic606Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,030</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_c6e834837aa3455b8232295b8e67947117" continuedAt="Text_c6e834837aa3455b8232295b8e67947118"><ix:continuation id="Text_aa763d57aab440e8ab175c7a4b3c5d983" continuedAt="Text_aa763d57aab440e8ab175c7a4b3c5d984">
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div><ix:continuation id="Text_aa763d57aab440e8ab175c7a4b3c5d984"><ix:continuation id="Text_c6e834837aa3455b8232295b8e67947118" continuedAt="Text_c6e834837aa3455b8232295b8e67947119">
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z78602c09feff40a1a8b0736f58a82697">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:footnote id="Foot_991d1e88b5f94422acf18ecf82a42fc3" footnoteRole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xml:lang="en-US" continuedAt="Foot_f09f1c75e2c4486fa94a141471033cbc1">The sales return reserve recorded in Contract Liability is $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent" id="Fact_79307d1a84b14a948c41269b97011e5b" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">33.4</ix:nonFraction></ix:footnote><ix:continuation id="Foot_f09f1c75e2c4486fa94a141471033cbc1" continuedAt="Foot_f09f1c75e2c4486fa94a141471033cbc2"> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent" id="Fact_d4ffb761a5514ea4b6fe5f087202afa3" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">25.9</ix:nonFraction></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Foot_f09f1c75e2c4486fa94a141471033cbc2"> million, as of July 31, 2019 and April 30, 2019, respectively.</ix:continuation></div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
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</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revenue recognized for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 relating to the contract liability at April 30, 2019 was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" id="Fact_6d9db7a78ae547cd9db70634a7a5d189" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">194.3</ix:nonFraction> million.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Remaining Performance Obligations included in Contract Liability</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of July 31, 2019, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations is approximately $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" id="Fact_05473ca4e683474a945de8790f479e63" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">422.4</ix:nonFraction> million, which included the sales return reserve of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent" id="Fact_0c4b813fdbcd4a4e85eb8f0fa056cdc9" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">33.4</ix:nonFraction> million. Excluding the sales return reserve, we expect that approximately $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" id="Fact_bebff53eaff5479c8579016d5aa34579" contextRef="c20190731_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis_Two0190131Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">375.2</ix:nonFraction> million will be recognized in the next <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1" id="Fact_7f297b59c653443db18986e0650c2a12" contextRef="c20190731_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis_Two0190131Member" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">twelve months</ix:nonNumeric> with the remaining $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" id="Fact_c83a26a24aa14e3b8f4ea8ef47d186b3" contextRef="c20190731_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis_Two0200131Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">13.8</ix:nonFraction> million to be recognized thereafter.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Assets Recognized for the Costs to Fulfill a Contract</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Costs to fulfill a contract are directly related to a contract that will be used to satisfy a performance obligation in the future and are expected to be recovered. These types of costs are incurred in the following revenue streams, (1) <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Research Platforms and (2) Education Services.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our assets associated with incremental costs to fulfill a contract were $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNet" id="Fact_b350f448cb504ceb917e3f2804c66a96" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">9.5</ix:nonFraction> million at July 31, 2019 and are included within Other Non-Current Assets on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. We recorded amortization expense of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" id="Fact_503b16c6f9c042e6b64aa83cad3bff2d" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.0</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" id="Fact_0a6a4c60322149aebb001706598e7f3b" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.8</ix:nonFraction> million during the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, related to these assets within Cost of Sales on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Sales and value-added taxes are excluded from revenues. Shipping and handling costs, which are primarily incurred within the Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning segment, occur before the transfer of control of the related goods. Therefore, in accordance with the new revenue standard, it is not considered a promised service to the customer and would be considered a cost to fulfill our promise to transfer the goods. Costs incurred for third party shipping and handling are primarily reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. We incurred $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" id="Fact_c761087995754053a42d5452aef0ff30" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_ProductOrServiceAxis_ShippingAndHandlingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">7.4</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" id="Fact_b87ab5256ed049dfb4b28476ba1a3221" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_ProductOrServiceAxis_ShippingAndHandlingMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">7.9</ix:nonFraction> million in shipping and handling costs in the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</div>
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<div><br /></div>
<div><a id="Note5"><!--Anchor--></a></div>
<ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock" id="Text_5b1620e3abe6456698afa88c95da7b0d" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f5591">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 5 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Operating Leases</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On May 1, 2019, we adopted a new accounting standard for leases. For further information, see Note 2, &#8220;Recent Accounting Standards.&#8221;</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We have contractual obligations as a lessee with respect to offices, warehouses and distribution centers, automobiles, and office equipment.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f5596" continuedAt="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f5597">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception of the contract in accordance with guidance detailed in the new standard and we perform the lease classification test as of the lease commencement date. ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f5598" continuedAt="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f5599">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The present value of the lease payments is calculated using an incremental borrowing rate, which was determined based on the rate of interest that we would have to pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over a similar term. We use an unsecured borrowing rate and risk-adjust that rate to approximate a collateralized rate.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>14</span></div>
</div>
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<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under the new leasing standard, leases that are more than one year in duration are capitalized and recorded on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Some of our leases offer an option to extend the term of such leases. We utilize the reasonably certain threshold criteria in determining which options we will exercise. Furthermore, some of our lease payments are based on index rates with minimum annual increases. These represent fixed payments and are captured in the future minimum lease payments calculation.</div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55911" continuedAt="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55912">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55912" continuedAt="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55913">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" id="Text_bc228b935df64b929fcb597166f468b5" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_0e3b82e973bc4711b6dc667fa566daaf1"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">For operating leases, the ROU assets and liabilities are presented in our </span></ix:nonNumeric></span><ix:continuation id="Text_0e3b82e973bc4711b6dc667fa566daaf1" continuedAt="Text_0e3b82e973bc4711b6dc667fa566daaf2"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">Unaudited </span></ix:continuation><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><ix:continuation id="Text_0e3b82e973bc4711b6dc667fa566daaf2" continuedAt="Text_0e3b82e973bc4711b6dc667fa566daaf3"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as follows:</span></ix:continuation></span></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55913" continuedAt="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55914"><ix:continuation id="Text_0e3b82e973bc4711b6dc667fa566daaf3" continuedAt="Text_0e3b82e973bc4711b6dc667fa566daaf4">
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55914" continuedAt="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55915"><ix:continuation id="Text_0e3b82e973bc4711b6dc667fa566daaf4">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zd5feecfae759498d9a35765804ef5faf" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Balance at July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" id="Fact_0cafc128ffca46159cab79fab7cebb22" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">147,370</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Short-term portion of operating lease liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" id="Fact_d4d49c593fdd4183a2869f44b2c279b7" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">18,041</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating Lease Liabilities, non-current</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" id="Fact_e45c5ef5b3c840eea97789a202248021" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">166,642</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55915" continuedAt="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55916">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55916" continuedAt="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55917">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During the three months ended July 31, 2019, we added $<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset" id="Fact_5b032aba5eab432ea230879681ff4021" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">10.3</ix:nonFraction> million to the ROU assets and $<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability" id="Fact_0193ea1252e74c1cb2b3da5dc7c3baad" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">11.9</ix:nonFraction> million to the operating lease liabilities due to new leases as well as modifications and remeasurements to our existing operating leases.</div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55917" continuedAt="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55918">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:LeaseCostTableTextBlock" id="Text_ee2c2f91c08e46f79a6d901eca605091" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_aba3b7c1c49642b591ebc767fd663f201"><ix:continuation id="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55918" continuedAt="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55919">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our total net lease costs are as follows:</div>
</ix:continuation></ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55919" continuedAt="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55920"><ix:continuation id="Text_aba3b7c1c49642b591ebc767fd663f201">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zc4ca55ffac8a4760bf55c293ec697f2c" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating lease cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost" id="Fact_27320d2c9bee416582ef48f5b51edfc3" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">6,861</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Variable lease cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:VariableLeaseCost" id="Fact_b6dc610a43314263adee84574d18cb0a" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,203</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Sublease income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SubleaseIncome" id="Fact_78a7863694f64519b2f2e7ad31dfdff1" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">523</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total net lease cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LeaseCost" id="Fact_9922854551ca4a79815af48eabe90efc" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">7,541</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55920" continuedAt="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55921">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock" id="Text_6816f1e98bd146bb9bf514c382db65de" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_54160a5c369f4f019aad2584fac318dd1"><ix:continuation id="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55921" continuedAt="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55922">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other supplemental information includes the following:</div>
</ix:continuation></ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55922" continuedAt="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55923"><ix:continuation id="Text_54160a5c369f4f019aad2584fac318dd1">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z789a1228af35429bbeddea2fb1456920" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Weighted-Average</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Remaining Contractual</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Lease Term (Years)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating leases</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" id="Fact_caabe7d29fb34fa485e6be5dcacb6045" contextRef="c20190731" format="ixt-sec:duryear">10</ix:nonNumeric></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55923" continuedAt="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55924">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55924" continuedAt="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55925">
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</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55925" continuedAt="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55926"><ix:continuation id="Text_6b1e0fd1d40c41ada0e0f578d46c73d72" continuedAt="Text_6b1e0fd1d40c41ada0e0f578d46c73d73">
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_5ed532a6c9ab49d9a70c3f550af3f55926"><ix:continuation id="Text_6b1e0fd1d40c41ada0e0f578d46c73d73">
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo" id="Fact_5e9e94c94cb54c5787c533c7f8443c71" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">27,376</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree" id="Fact_cfc707ff183b4007817601f3162553c7" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">24,446</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2023</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour" id="Fact_9b329b8cc1f44a96bf3225e6cae3d3ff" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">22,109</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2024</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive" id="Fact_abab003fc63b44618b5ec307c78a85e6" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">21,651</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Thereafter</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive" id="Fact_1076f260393b4ec1b5c1f4f2d1ec52a2" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">133,534</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total undiscounted lease payments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" id="Fact_e9cd5b66181f4509acd4e96581922643" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">253,036</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" id="Fact_f1b979af32014b74a75fd191aa0bd0c2" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">68,353</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Present Value of Minimum Lease Payments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability" id="Fact_9d97e0c87f354617ad19b561c2a9f215" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">184,683</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Less: Current portion</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Noncurrent portion</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>15</span></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div><a id="Note6"><!--Anchor--></a></div>
<ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock" id="Text_10f2909811464c4a8cc84d77c9606abf" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_8a6862ccfb5b4cd3bc1d769bc693d9111">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 6 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Stock-Based Compensation</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We have stock-based compensation plans under which employees may be granted performance-based stock awards and other restricted stock awards.&#160; Prior to fiscal year 2017, we also granted options to purchase shares of our common stock at the fair market value at the time of grant. We recognize the grant date fair value of stock-based compensation in net income on a straight-line basis, net of estimated forfeitures over the requisite service period. The measurement of performance for performance-based stock awards is based on actual financial results for targets established <ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets" id="Fact_5d60397dd5ea441f9680c461e52d945c" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_AwardTypeAxis_PerformanceSharesMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">three years</ix:nonNumeric> in advance. For the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018, we recognized stock-based compensation expense, on a pre-tax basis, of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" id="Fact_2b67cf4c711b4a19960a3a07c63e16d0" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4.6</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" id="Fact_1b8b8c26656a44cba3cedfe472cc60f6" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3.9</ix:nonFraction> million, respectively.</div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_8a6862ccfb5b4cd3bc1d769bc693d9113" continuedAt="Text_8a6862ccfb5b4cd3bc1d769bc693d9114">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_8a6862ccfb5b4cd3bc1d769bc693d9114" continuedAt="Text_8a6862ccfb5b4cd3bc1d769bc693d9115">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:NonvestedRestrictedStockSharesActivityTableTextBlock" id="Text_cd3d27cf25ce4079ad4fc8b707028a6e" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_02e812d796ae4a1988dad6facdcf671a1"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following table summarizes restricted stock awards we granted (shares in thousands):</span></ix:nonNumeric></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_8a6862ccfb5b4cd3bc1d769bc693d9115" continuedAt="Text_8a6862ccfb5b4cd3bc1d769bc693d9116"><ix:continuation id="Text_02e812d796ae4a1988dad6facdcf671a1" continuedAt="Text_02e812d796ae4a1988dad6facdcf671a2">
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_8a6862ccfb5b4cd3bc1d769bc693d9116"><ix:continuation id="Text_02e812d796ae4a1988dad6facdcf671a2">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z525ae922cca24aa29695db593677fe44" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="7" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="3" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="3" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restricted Stock:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Awards granted</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" id="Fact_5c0d17760a5645a7b1314c4c36548c4c" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">500</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" id="Fact_f310d6b0c760482da032d968a4a2feb5" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">230</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Weighted average fair value of grant</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" id="Fact_8e1d51eccf4b4f0b96a3914ca389b13c" contextRef="c20190731_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">45.31</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" id="Fact_4ccc8b523880424b81bc9e5566faa89e" contextRef="c20180731_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">66.55</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation>
<div><br /></div>
<div><a id="Note7"><!--Anchor--></a></div>
<ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock" id="Text_409c27fefe3a408bae2935261f5274f1" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_8f53e0ed8b87482c91397ca9c31f12a31">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 7 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</span></div>
</ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_8f53e0ed8b87482c91397ca9c31f12a31" continuedAt="Text_8f53e0ed8b87482c91397ca9c31f12a32">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock" id="Text_17a9495d8035400d848f5e862a53be53" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_b46f478c98e44f0db0365b80dda537ff1"><ix:continuation id="Text_8f53e0ed8b87482c91397ca9c31f12a32" continuedAt="Text_8f53e0ed8b87482c91397ca9c31f12a33">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by component, net of tax, for the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:</div>
</ix:continuation></ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_8f53e0ed8b87482c91397ca9c31f12a33" continuedAt="Text_8f53e0ed8b87482c91397ca9c31f12a34"><ix:continuation id="Text_b46f478c98e44f0db0365b80dda537ff1" continuedAt="Text_b46f478c98e44f0db0365b80dda537ff2">
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_8f53e0ed8b87482c91397ca9c31f12a34" continuedAt="Text_8f53e0ed8b87482c91397ca9c31f12a35"><ix:continuation id="Text_b46f478c98e44f0db0365b80dda537ff2">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z877e39f0f5064ef8a153a915d86cb301" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Currency Translation</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Unamortized</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Retirement Costs</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Interest</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Rate Swaps</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Balance at April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_20d0a9d0dab94cadb81e8bbfbae86890" contextRef="c20190430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">196,057</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_7f5cc545c22e4ce1992a7cc61fb95687" contextRef="c20190430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">574</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_578ab3ed96ce4ae88c19abc25e3efe77" contextRef="c20190430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">508,738</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_aaa8be1dc6d44ef6a137a2171864981c" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">35,539</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_543f0f48645c4c4a960f6e18f073b5b3" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">7,130</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_9cb1d7b1bb58456f96a9a6d8caadbf93" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">328</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_03051cfbc20544deb7cc4c0351513757" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">28,081</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_0b9981ae5b02400a8bfd01665426051b" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_16195321785f46d6bab3540d265bff69" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,038</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_2322caafc0f74435a1ef03c10d53851a" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">243</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_15c37e6a42cc406ba1c9f6e061f1d346" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">795</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total other comprehensive (loss) income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_21d38b871776450a8a340e0b547582aa" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">35,539</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_40ad95fe8fd94d26b0786b063760811d" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">8,168</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_688158d343ac426fb8661aee9708477a" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">85</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_8e26865e6d1447629ceb42293a06defc" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">27,286</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Balance at July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_a1d2cc78aff9405282b55feef78a2a02" contextRef="c20190731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">347,646</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_21acf9ec139d48a589188d1ed8fe06de" contextRef="c20190731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">187,889</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_7c37291b9e314d7281fa43c63900c407" contextRef="c20190731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">489</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_bdd9e025478546ebb1928d7bdf56cf5e" contextRef="c20190731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">536,024</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Balance at April 30, 2018</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_05fe4f50db82481eaf40ff7ebd54c3ae" contextRef="c20180430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">251,573</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_227fd52a3193464ab37dd803b3c2dd26" contextRef="c20180430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">191,026</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_b2c9f6c76cac4f56a368ba860b354e13" contextRef="c20180430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,019</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_b8c3b33b51d84d34a4a5ea437d42c2e5" contextRef="c20180430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">439,580</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_e0196fc413ec43709d00f9f892f3516b" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">40,325</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_013e42f94c1c41999dafabe3428371a9" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">7,720</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_d4b3837cfd0540eab4d1d87bd41f4657" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">70</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_df120b4423b841ffbfa132153d663824" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">32,535</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_449a2866b01a454cbd3c080cff730c14" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_ceb818c878de43d9859bccf7a7dc5186" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,091</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_323d9d8f31544c33b7ab20c80f6ee454" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">722</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_fbcfb9eeb35d4dbb8eeaea63c424f979" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">369</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total other comprehensive income (loss)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_662e0ebff8164c7da87e083128ff1ccf" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">40,325</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_7d920958090a4435bafe3a010efd09a1" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">8,811</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_b7da3084b71f49289d63e1673471da43" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">652</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_96996912e8954fddb5d3c17defc18c53" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">32,166</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Balance at July 31, 2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_72ff809c85c04b768c42d1f2d0f7cf78" contextRef="c20180731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">291,898</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_553adeda7713421d95d0f52161bf478f" contextRef="c20180731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">182,215</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_df5f95bd243f42d89be88a7607f6a6a5" contextRef="c20180731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,367</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_b469ebefb0b34a45be344e6b51a6be77" contextRef="c20180731_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">471,746</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_8f53e0ed8b87482c91397ca9c31f12a35" continuedAt="Text_8f53e0ed8b87482c91397ca9c31f12a36">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_8f53e0ed8b87482c91397ca9c31f12a36">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 and 2018, pre-tax actuarial losses included in Unamortized Retirement Costs of approximately $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost" id="Fact_1fb4234eb8284fb497ab49828b2fcae1" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeAxis_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.3</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost" id="Fact_b1c0ebb223f04fddb796de723856b505" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeAxis_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.4</ix:nonFraction> million, respectively, were amortized from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss and recognized as pension expense in Operating and Administrative Expenses and Interest and Other Income in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.</div>
</ix:continuation>
<div><br /></div>
<div><a id="Note8"><!--Anchor--></a></div>
<ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock" id="Text_61e8f6ccd92e4432a8440fc84ce6a588" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_d1d6aa0b63724cee811e60c78fef6bf01">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 8 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding</span></div>
</ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_d1d6aa0b63724cee811e60c78fef6bf01" continuedAt="Text_d1d6aa0b63724cee811e60c78fef6bf02">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_d1d6aa0b63724cee811e60c78fef6bf02" continuedAt="Text_d1d6aa0b63724cee811e60c78fef6bf03">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfWeightedAverageNumberOfSharesTableTextBlock" id="Text_0082d88d036b4177b28fa5767319bd3a" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_c728f873d964470888ac30ad17fa3c391"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">A reconciliation of the shares used in the computation of earnings per share follows:</span></ix:nonNumeric></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_c728f873d964470888ac30ad17fa3c391" continuedAt="Text_c728f873d964470888ac30ad17fa3c392"><ix:continuation id="Text_d1d6aa0b63724cee811e60c78fef6bf03" continuedAt="Text_d1d6aa0b63724cee811e60c78fef6bf04">
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_c728f873d964470888ac30ad17fa3c392"><ix:continuation id="Text_d1d6aa0b63724cee811e60c78fef6bf04" continuedAt="Text_d1d6aa0b63724cee811e60c78fef6bf05">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zea71eb01770e4c5b9c919862d27b3152" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Shares used for basic earnings per share</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" id="Fact_b66eb212eba6470cae6e05daf5590756" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">57,430</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Dilutive effect of stock options and other stock awards</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Shares used for diluted earnings per share</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" id="Fact_d337c6d26a97471697a34368df0b8124" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">56,905</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" id="Fact_4d85c710f62646309bb95ae7e9e4fe38" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">58,114</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_d1d6aa0b63724cee811e60c78fef6bf05" continuedAt="Text_d1d6aa0b63724cee811e60c78fef6bf06">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_d1d6aa0b63724cee811e60c78fef6bf06" continuedAt="Text_d1d6aa0b63724cee811e60c78fef6bf07">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Since their inclusion in the calculation of diluted earnings per share would have been anti-dilutive, options to purchase <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" id="Fact_2cf0e8d69a8642c8b2b9b86356ed6f72" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">252,704</ix:nonFraction> shares of Class A Common Stock have been excluded for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019. There were <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" id="Fact_0f41dda165bb47b1984dc7117a4f02a4" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="INF" scale="0" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen">no</ix:nonFraction> options excluded for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2018.</div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_d1d6aa0b63724cee811e60c78fef6bf07" continuedAt="Text_d1d6aa0b63724cee811e60c78fef6bf08">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_d1d6aa0b63724cee811e60c78fef6bf08" continuedAt="Text_d1d6aa0b63724cee811e60c78fef6bf09">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Warrants to purchase <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" id="Fact_7c49f48cb235418c90eb3ce28d462dde" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">511,094</ix:nonFraction> shares of Class A Common Stock have not been included for the three months ended July 31, 2019. There were <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssued1" id="Fact_e92de9010fd74c49805080cae0d2152f" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="INF" scale="0" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen">no</ix:nonFraction> warrants issued during the three months ended July 31, 2018.</div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_d1d6aa0b63724cee811e60c78fef6bf09" continuedAt="Text_d1d6aa0b63724cee811e60c78fef6bf010">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_d1d6aa0b63724cee811e60c78fef6bf010">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">There were <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" id="Fact_fe3a5a9f1f8441b185544174fda6fcb6" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_RestrictedStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="INF" scale="0" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" id="Fact_4067426fb08c463799a24c672c9be434" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_RestrictedStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="INF" scale="0" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen">no</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction> restricted shares excluded for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 and July 31, 2018.</div>
</ix:continuation>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>16</span></div>
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<div><a id="Note"><!--Anchor--></a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 9 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Restructuring and Related Charges</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Business Optimization Program</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Beginning in fiscal year 2020, we initiated a multi-year Business Optimization Program (the &#8220;Business Optimization Program&#8221;) to drive efficiency improvement and operating savings.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b50886" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b50887">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfRestructuringAndRelatedCostsTextBlock" id="Text_5e6f833e4f294206aaaf48628d75e02f" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_df9e0065840a44d4867045cf123982fa1"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring charges related to this program:</span></ix:nonNumeric></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b50888" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b50889"><ix:continuation id="Text_df9e0065840a44d4867045cf123982fa2" continuedAt="Text_df9e0065840a44d4867045cf123982fa3">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="ze9cc18fa4a724c72a116964d7c5cbd43" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Expenses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Restructuring and Related Charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Charges by Activity:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Severance and termination benefits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_c058459260fd429c875f876ba97a98f6" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_EmployeeSeveranceMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">10,709</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating lease right-of-use asset impairment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_f96e717fb8ad466d853ae336c39da4d4" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">161</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Restructuring and Related Charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_41e5943d4fbd48b897afd5e73bdb6936" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">10,870</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b50889" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508810"><ix:continuation id="Text_df9e0065840a44d4867045cf123982fa3" continuedAt="Text_df9e0065840a44d4867045cf123982fa4">
<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508810" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508811">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfRestructuringReserveByTypeOfCostTextBlock" id="Text_aff673fae70a41fdb4ce3c96ebf8839f" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_6672782c39244cb0bc41c999b082f1981"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following table summarizes the activity for the Business Optimization Program liability for the three months ended</span></ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_6672782c39244cb0bc41c999b082f1981" continuedAt="Text_6672782c39244cb0bc41c999b082f1982"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">&#xA0;July 31, 2019</span></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_6672782c39244cb0bc41c999b082f1982" continuedAt="Text_6672782c39244cb0bc41c999b082f1983"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">:</span></ix:continuation></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508811" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508812"><ix:continuation id="Text_6672782c39244cb0bc41c999b082f1983" continuedAt="Text_6672782c39244cb0bc41c999b082f1984">
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508812" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508813"><ix:continuation id="Text_6672782c39244cb0bc41c999b082f1984" continuedAt="Text_6672782c39244cb0bc41c999b082f1985">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z7149c99ab4ae4f3f93350787182a7a92" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Translation</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Severance and termination benefits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsForRestructuring" id="Fact_33cd5bd15fea4e5eaa08dfa093cc90d4" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_EmployeeSeveranceMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,337</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserveTranslationAdjustment" id="Fact_2451f45b90d240429b51cd2e04b1f484" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_EmployeeSeveranceMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">33</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserve" id="Fact_fb6a2c41ca844394a0f41d597154d02c" contextRef="c20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_EmployeeSeveranceMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">9,339</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringCharges" id="Fact_82145e79b86a41b38552cc023ee289cf" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">10,709</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsForRestructuring" id="Fact_64a5b42a8153445c926df722a674ceef" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,337</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserveTranslationAdjustment" id="Fact_b00d873851d64081ac5ac111f91255fa" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">33</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserve" id="Fact_1b0f092a2cf9441bb18af9d844143cbf" contextRef="c20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">9,339</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508813" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508814"><ix:continuation id="Text_6672782c39244cb0bc41c999b082f1985" continuedAt="Text_6672782c39244cb0bc41c999b082f1986">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508814" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508815">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The restructuring liability as of July 31, 2019 for accrued severance and termination benefits is reflected in Accrued Employment Costs in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.</div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508815" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508816">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508816" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508817">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program</div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508817" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508818">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508818" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508819">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Beginning in the year ended April 30, 2013, we initiated a global program (the &#8220;Restructuring and Reinvestment Program&#8221;) to restructure and realign our cost base with current and anticipated future market conditions. We are targeting a majority of the expected cost savings achieved to improve margins and earnings, while the remainder will be reinvested in high-growth digital business opportunities.</div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508819" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508820">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508820" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508821">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:continuation id="Text_df9e0065840a44d4867045cf123982fa4" continuedAt="Text_df9e0065840a44d4867045cf123982fa5"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring credits related to this program:</span></ix:continuation></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508821" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508822"><ix:continuation id="Text_df9e0065840a44d4867045cf123982fa5" continuedAt="Text_df9e0065840a44d4867045cf123982fa6">
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508822" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508823"><ix:continuation id="Text_df9e0065840a44d4867045cf123982fa6" continuedAt="Text_df9e0065840a44d4867045cf123982fa7">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z7ff2159cb10946d0943b6e464b8398db" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018 <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Incurred to Date <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_8d3bb16e07914d18a632f42b04ba9a80" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">16</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1" id="Fact_f27cbb0f82f3478c8f5dd6ec8d86d4e2" contextRef="c20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">42,867</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_9e2aa12561424a3fabd34847a16f3e95" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">208</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1" id="Fact_a065081b606d4144b1976e7bbbe6e73d" contextRef="c20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,764</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Expenses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_1bdb1e0c15c24018b3a70d8acbe4c105" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_CorporateNonSegmentMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">44</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_491391cf0d53441f94ec6ba5eababfc2" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_CorporateNonSegmentMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4,181</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1" id="Fact_a6ee38d61d4f45c182286c93030a1292" contextRef="c20190731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_CorporateNonSegmentMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">96,334</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Restructuring and Related Credits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_efdd91ec172744f39c0bb669af23c827" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">135</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_9d9276e3884e4d20a9a6429151583ef4" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">6,086</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1" id="Fact_8a08ec6190314d91a5501d54a5995f05" contextRef="c20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">169,493</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(Credits) Charges by Activity:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Severance and termination benefits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_2919e9dca2a74c22852648d53e1a2a77" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_EmployeeSeveranceMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">350</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Consulting and Contract Termination Costs</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_1a33b0f6f4cc40cfa096b507a33e929f" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_ContractTerminationMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">135</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1" id="Fact_d2e515edebc742cfb22c450394b47140" contextRef="c20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_ContractTerminationMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">21,155</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other Activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_e9799f17bb194ea0a43730698e66e19f" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">215</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_c05fe5f5e789444c815357d29908f8ef" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">443</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1" id="Fact_e40c0ec1d2de4e80af33283329ec997a" contextRef="c20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">32,429</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Restructuring and Related Credits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_16af2fb654374727b71e02ef7e84ea2f" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">135</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_850851984d0f43b6a53694f3a2914c64" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">6,086</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1" id="Fact_2cc2e3ca5bb345d9965989a98f1d6b48" contextRef="c20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">169,493</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508823" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508824"><ix:continuation id="Text_df9e0065840a44d4867045cf123982fa7" continuedAt="Text_df9e0065840a44d4867045cf123982fa8">
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div><ix:continuation id="Text_df9e0065840a44d4867045cf123982fa8"><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508824" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508825">
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z427ca39205904fc383b3a45c0239e88e">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas. See Note 10, &#8220;Segment Information,&#8221; for more details.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation></div>
</div>
<ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508825" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508826">
<div style="display:none;"><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>17</span></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508826" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508827">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The credits in severance and termination benefits activities for the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018 primarily reflect changes in the number of headcount reductions and estimates for previously accrued benefit costs. Other Activities for the three months ended July 31, 2018 reflects costs for leased facility consolidations.</div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508827" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508828">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508828" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508829">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:continuation id="Text_6672782c39244cb0bc41c999b082f1986" continuedAt="Text_6672782c39244cb0bc41c999b082f1987"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following table summarizes the activity for the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability for the three months ended</span></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_6672782c39244cb0bc41c999b082f1987" continuedAt="Text_6672782c39244cb0bc41c999b082f1988"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">&#xA0;July 31, 2019</span></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_6672782c39244cb0bc41c999b082f1988" continuedAt="Text_6672782c39244cb0bc41c999b082f1989"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">:</span></ix:continuation></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508829" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508830"><ix:continuation id="Text_6672782c39244cb0bc41c999b082f1989" continuedAt="Text_6672782c39244cb0bc41c999b082f19810">
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508830" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508831"><ix:continuation id="Text_6672782c39244cb0bc41c999b082f19810" continuedAt="Text_6672782c39244cb0bc41c999b082f19811">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z3e8f1c179ef14a2b8697d2ba0415af22" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Credits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Payments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adoption of</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">New Lease</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Standard <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Translation &amp;</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Other Adjustments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Severance and termination benefits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserve" id="Fact_ef9f00d4d950464bbb6bfcc38ed56ab6" contextRef="c20190430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_EmployeeSeveranceMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4,887</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment" id="Fact_1affb09f81994befad8364aabe568a0f" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_EmployeeSeveranceMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">29</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserve" id="Fact_62ae9b6c7b4b420fbc00e1a9d88bc8f0" contextRef="c20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_EmployeeSeveranceMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,089</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Consulting and Contract Termination Costs</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserve" id="Fact_d8f838bda7d74b67b964eed0b8060655" contextRef="c20190430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_ContractTerminationMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">303</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringCharges" id="Fact_5d3a0b7ae8a840bc96e59f018536b426" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_ContractTerminationMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsForRestructuring" id="Fact_2812c0d3d82e4ebe8e38e8d970d88453" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_ContractTerminationMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard" id="Fact_f084b4abf2564b869a1fd4ef643eb7ce" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_ContractTerminationMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment" id="Fact_bd864e024374447c92962698a1b861a7" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_ContractTerminationMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserve" id="Fact_ece25f95d8b34134b03dcfe989a69e5c" contextRef="c20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_ContractTerminationMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">303</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other Activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserve" id="Fact_ed7e784e6451424b8d5949c28ddb042c" contextRef="c20190430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,544</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringCharges" id="Fact_d35be7d0f2e248eb9ee212b3b0f35519" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsForRestructuring" id="Fact_4a8ed63a780e4a189dd493a615051767" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard" id="Fact_3207b89f8df9478c9891a54445e001d7" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,258</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment" id="Fact_4b5307c439fc45adb8136e94eae5c0bb" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">76</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserve" id="Fact_55f2ebe9ec444dd69d649131f17bd2b4" contextRef="c20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">210</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserve" id="Fact_e50ef3f86bdb4a4d809f8c6d465c9eae" contextRef="c20190430_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">7,734</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringCharges" id="Fact_fcba71991949492f9d4b92cdc4b7745f" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">350</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsForRestructuring" id="Fact_1731fe510a444bbe98920514bbc8908d" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,477</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard" id="Fact_0f05868ee39f436998233b96561081ba" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,258</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment" id="Fact_29b196bcf76d4274891fa1ac09e78bf3" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">47</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: left;">
<div><ix:continuation id="Text_6672782c39244cb0bc41c999b082f19812"><ix:continuation id="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508832" continuedAt="Text_07d614e1f9ba4105af56a337957b508833">
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z1247f243db744d90b2520c5cad203767">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:footnote id="Foot_1b96523a874448cc898a6b883ae394d6" footnoteRole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xml:lang="en-US"><ix:footnote id="Foot_d23d9b1343f1416eb59ac1f3f2df9726" footnoteRole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xml:lang="en-US">Refer to Note 2, &#8220;Recent Accounting Standards,&#8221; and Note 5, &#8220;Operating Leases&#8221; for more information related to the adoption of the new lease standard.</ix:footnote></ix:footnote></div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
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<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The restructuring liability as of July 31, 2019 for accrued severance and termination benefits is reflected in Accrued Employment Costs in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. The liability as of July 31, 2019, for Consulting and Contract Termination Costs is reflected in Other Accrued Liabilities. As of July 31, 2019, $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserve" id="Fact_4009fd033ebb41738f4caae3855d7a86" contextRef="c20190731_BalanceSheetLocationAxis_OtherCurrentLiabilitiesMember_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.2</ix:nonFraction> million of Other Activities are reflected in Other Accrued Liabilities and mainly relate to facility relocation and lease impairment related costs. We currently do not anticipate any further material charges related to the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program.</div>
</ix:continuation>
<div><br /></div>
<div><a id="Note10"><!--Anchor--></a></div>
<ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock" id="Text_1febe5fcbf1f4ca295448cd08c7ec5e0" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_edfc63ce52cd4ec7a0a4443d0e7d3e531">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 10 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Segment Information</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_edfc63ce52cd4ec7a0a4443d0e7d3e532" continuedAt="Text_edfc63ce52cd4ec7a0a4443d0e7d3e533">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas: (1) Research Publishing &amp; Platforms, which&#160; includes the Research publishing and Atypon businesses, (2) Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning, which is the former &#8220;Publishing&#8221; segment combined with our corporate training businesses &#8211; previously noted as Professional Assessment and Corporate Learning; and (3) Education Services, which is the online program management business. Prior period segment results have been revised to the new segment presentation. There were no changes to our consolidated financial results.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_edfc63ce52cd4ec7a0a4443d0e7d3e534" continuedAt="Text_edfc63ce52cd4ec7a0a4443d0e7d3e535">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We report our segment information in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 280. These segments reflect the way our chief operating decision maker evaluates our business performance and manages the operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>18</span></div>
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<div></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock" id="Text_a1dc7c3fecc04ad48a53f9085cfdc339" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_bc8e6b9989e74a4db051e02ca0e7ed141"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">Segment information is as follows:</span></ix:nonNumeric></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z586018972b0b4d2f8b0ae2e0a1c826a8" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</div></td>
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    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit:</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss" id="Fact_1d0fbbf8c3e44081958c75e72a31a1ca" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">7,716</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss" id="Fact_48d040219d0744538e6e4317c2797ce6" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">5,110</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss" id="Fact_7afb283d51c3453cad01ed18eef1156f" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">5,227</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" id="Fact_b62f2656a64348c396f79d35472043af" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">42,106</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Adjusted Operating Income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss" id="Fact_676d73d3cc61452ba6878fd63265f432" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">30,054</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Depreciation and Amortization:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" id="Fact_774551948050400aa82e60777d6e6e30" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">17,153</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" id="Fact_271e88077bea4a1695405de42aeafeae" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">15,365</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" id="Fact_e5cd170bf2ab404ebd2c4c5c7e7d0921" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">16,524</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" id="Fact_e55cbb7bbfb64873a5b6c393e260da2d" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">17,577</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" id="Fact_6d4657d7571d4229bc41c1ee80073549" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">5,498</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" id="Fact_4099dc725c7f43b797435efdf398c4ac" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,467</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Depreciation and Amortization</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" id="Fact_9a6430e1306045d4bbd1d23fbb9005b6" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">39,175</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" id="Fact_f2d7f5460dc142e88317c1eb069ca254" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">36,409</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Depreciation and Amortization</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" id="Fact_2b7ed3b908034accac380f7fa9cdc601" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_CorporateNonSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,044</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" id="Fact_16cd6c1e6e3140058eeba3add1900933" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_CorporateNonSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,762</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Depreciation and Amortization</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" id="Fact_6293bddf96a845b49b2036d7174710c3" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">42,219</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted EBITDA:</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_bc8c874f4b8742db883f1b442f9a5d19" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">24,240</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_6dc908c638c342e8b811383c9c49b3c2" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">38,627</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_baec3c4675664287a5ee0b155b0044e7" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">388</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_0060e6e556ad40bea8666958da859525" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,760</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Segment Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_8712363704b947f594726398a84cdf5c" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">100,047</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_71dbd0f1cfe3442f9ee2f585f6ffcf0d" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">108,569</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_5ca03f425b6a48d381a20b59954795bf" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_CorporateNonSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">42,534</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_4f68330712524c059be39ba3360c5aa5" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_ConsolidationItemsAxis_CorporateNonSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">38,344</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_3b25847a584b4c1a948535a7e390b50d" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">57,513</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_3d4d454387c94be286b31647c3f25526" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">70,225</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_bc8e6b9989e74a4db051e02ca0e7ed143" continuedAt="Text_bc8e6b9989e74a4db051e02ca0e7ed144"><ix:continuation id="Text_edfc63ce52cd4ec7a0a4443d0e7d3e539" continuedAt="Text_edfc63ce52cd4ec7a0a4443d0e7d3e5310">
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div><ix:continuation id="Text_edfc63ce52cd4ec7a0a4443d0e7d3e5310"><ix:continuation id="Text_bc8e6b9989e74a4db051e02ca0e7ed144">
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zbe5624549dd34e9f8080f47e13b37139">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:footnote id="Foot_d3d5a549d8284737995d6c27543e1c71" footnoteRole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xml:lang="en-US">Adjusted Contribution to Profit is Contribution to Profit adjusted for restructuring charges (credits). See Note 9, &#8220;Restructuring and Related Charges&#8221; for these charges (credits) by segment.</ix:footnote></div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div><a id="Note11"><!--Anchor--></a></div>
<ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:InventoryDisclosureTextBlock" id="Text_7ff4ef28a54a43b985766eb3cd94eea1" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_5bea182940a04a53a9b815f5433f74a61">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 11 </span>&#8212; <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Inventories</span></div>
</ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_5bea182940a04a53a9b815f5433f74a61" continuedAt="Text_5bea182940a04a53a9b815f5433f74a62">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_5bea182940a04a53a9b815f5433f74a62" continuedAt="Text_5bea182940a04a53a9b815f5433f74a63">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock" id="Text_8232f6f40221439899b85e32adabb255" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_442de1e42f0f4377bbf8e70f113270e61"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">Inventories, net were as follows:</span></ix:nonNumeric></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_5bea182940a04a53a9b815f5433f74a63" continuedAt="Text_5bea182940a04a53a9b815f5433f74a64"><ix:continuation id="Text_442de1e42f0f4377bbf8e70f113270e61" continuedAt="Text_442de1e42f0f4377bbf8e70f113270e62">
<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_5bea182940a04a53a9b815f5433f74a64" continuedAt="Text_5bea182940a04a53a9b815f5433f74a65"><ix:continuation id="Text_442de1e42f0f4377bbf8e70f113270e62" continuedAt="Text_442de1e42f0f4377bbf8e70f113270e63">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zc3aedc22935b4e9d9a44162287bc2fbf" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns" id="Fact_54ef05fe4faf4a6f8bf26ce32676dac4" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">8,585</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">LIFO Reserve</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InventoryLIFOReserve" id="Fact_f3f9ea58d74b499bbca7055b09648cf0" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4,021</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InventoryLIFOReserve" id="Fact_cb56429e44ed4c6f91c092c7eedf4020" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4,360</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InventoryNet" id="Fact_3163abd1410145e98684ba3240e57fc5" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">44,811</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InventoryNet" id="Fact_cba0aef4120f4e8cb527c562caf540b7" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">35,582</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_5bea182940a04a53a9b815f5433f74a65"><ix:continuation id="Text_442de1e42f0f4377bbf8e70f113270e63">
<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>19</span></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><a id="Note12"><!--Anchor--></a></div>
<ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" id="Text_6b8b5d5966694e22ab3b17d72a397c65" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c1">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 12 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Goodwill and Intangible Assets</span></div>
</ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c1" continuedAt="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c2">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c2" continuedAt="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c3">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Goodwill</div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c3" continuedAt="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c4">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c4" continuedAt="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c5">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfGoodwillTextBlock" id="Text_6a4fda355d3f43b697b279db7cf4a399" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_af78ad1e0e414161a94a0f4a0d680d291"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following table summarizes the activity in goodwill by segment as of July 31, 2019</span></ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_af78ad1e0e414161a94a0f4a0d680d291" continuedAt="Text_af78ad1e0e414161a94a0f4a0d680d292"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">:</span></ix:continuation></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c5" continuedAt="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c6"><ix:continuation id="Text_af78ad1e0e414161a94a0f4a0d680d292" continuedAt="Text_af78ad1e0e414161a94a0f4a0d680d293">
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c6" continuedAt="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c7"><ix:continuation id="Text_af78ad1e0e414161a94a0f4a0d680d293" continuedAt="Text_af78ad1e0e414161a94a0f4a0d680d294">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z87a49f52c8f64cc3be9166e1f402e4f4" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> </span>&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Acquisitions <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Translation</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjustment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod" id="Fact_44144d174cb9412398ade299067b089f" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" id="Fact_4fa2849960a74e61a405040e32d06cfd" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Goodwill" id="Fact_c28f8bad79ea4acba66b064a40b02510" contextRef="c20190731_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">199,010</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Goodwill" id="Fact_0e9bfe5b274443d2b2d5443d255466a7" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,095,666</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod" id="Fact_15515d12747f4c929480367d6c7e75d8" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">42,615</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" id="Fact_32166e79ae954d218112e20079f6995d" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">16,498</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Goodwill" id="Fact_5fc4c66c465d4a64ad4eb3c84a716a1c" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,121,783</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c7" continuedAt="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c8"><ix:continuation id="Text_af78ad1e0e414161a94a0f4a0d680d294" continuedAt="Text_af78ad1e0e414161a94a0f4a0d680d295">
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div><ix:continuation id="Text_af78ad1e0e414161a94a0f4a0d680d295" continuedAt="Text_af78ad1e0e414161a94a0f4a0d680d296"><ix:continuation id="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c8" continuedAt="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c9">
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z5928c3d2325d42a08a047912b11af3d0">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:footnote id="Foot_349f476d6bfb46d7a1f17cd073e0c7ec" footnoteRole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xml:lang="en-US" continuedAt="Foot_a6ba9538010843058ddb597ad3e17d881">Refer to Note 3, &#8220;Acquisitions,&#8221; for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in the three months ended</ix:footnote><ix:continuation id="Foot_a6ba9538010843058ddb597ad3e17d881" continuedAt="Foot_a6ba9538010843058ddb597ad3e17d882">&#xA0;July 31, 2019</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Foot_a6ba9538010843058ddb597ad3e17d882">.</ix:continuation></div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation></div>
</div>
<ix:continuation id="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c9" continuedAt="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c10"><ix:continuation id="Text_af78ad1e0e414161a94a0f4a0d680d296">
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c10" continuedAt="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c11">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas. See Note 10, &#8220;Segment Information,&#8221; for more details. Due to this reorganization, we have reallocated goodwill to our reporting units using a relative fair value approach. We tested goodwill for impairment immediately before and after the reorganization, and we concluded that the fair values of the reporting units were above their carrying values and, therefore, there was no indication of impairment.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c12" continuedAt="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c13">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Intangible Assets</div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c13" continuedAt="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c14">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c14" continuedAt="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c15">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock" id="Text_cff9aba7c5d04506acbace21ff446c81" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_d20917455bb74e8b883a7b60126331c81"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">Identifiable intangible assets, net consisted of the following:</span></ix:nonNumeric></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c15" continuedAt="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c16"><ix:continuation id="Text_d20917455bb74e8b883a7b60126331c81" continuedAt="Text_d20917455bb74e8b883a7b60126331c82">
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c16" continuedAt="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c17"><ix:continuation id="Text_d20917455bb74e8b883a7b60126331c82" continuedAt="Text_d20917455bb74e8b883a7b60126331c83">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zc0a56cfada8b4eb69178e73329684311" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Content and Publishing Rights <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Customer Relationships <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" id="Fact_4d383cba469d4125bf1c0a9594801876" contextRef="c20190731_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_CustomerRelationshipsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">249,647</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" id="Fact_4016467636be467cb84b745d57ddf0c3" contextRef="c20190430_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_CustomerRelationshipsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">245,830</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Brands and Trademarks <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" id="Fact_e24ed1878497459686a0af1abb5326f9" contextRef="c20190731_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">12,369</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" id="Fact_a5397e7760444191861e63bf9190fa49" contextRef="c20190430_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">12,993</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Covenants not to Compete</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" id="Fact_d7228f85e05d462eb862793e677e5782" contextRef="c20190731_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_NoncompeteAgreementsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">395</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" id="Fact_20f9754ff70542efae420433618d9a37" contextRef="c20190430_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_NoncompeteAgreementsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">445</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Developed Technology <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" id="Fact_fec27ec0a0904224908daa55667bff73" contextRef="c20190731_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_DevelopedTechnologyRightsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">22,109</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" id="Fact_24ce425da09845f49f70b15fd85f036c" contextRef="c20190430_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_DevelopedTechnologyRightsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" id="Fact_68c46f9c60e24c35876d24e9f77e61ef" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">663,323</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" id="Fact_f946832e2834408cb19647588b688fcd" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">648,440</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Intangible Assets with Indefinite Lives:</span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Brands and Trademarks</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment" id="Fact_ed2e2f4ff3744649859a5e74ce91f39b" contextRef="c20190731_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">128,817</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment" id="Fact_5beea90a1cdd4c638b624df476830db4" contextRef="c20190430_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">130,909</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Content and Publishing Rights</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment" id="Fact_072ac607d305491db254a849693d94d9" contextRef="c20190731_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">86,129</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment" id="Fact_80cc8bac35724adbbc11d5fe48c37265" contextRef="c20190430_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">86,223</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment" id="Fact_262f5ab728f347cbbc1a146b0ca610b4" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">214,946</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment" id="Fact_70e3bc26fd164f74bc3446102d5494a5" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">217,132</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Intangible Assets, Net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill" id="Fact_5bc3f50cf9c84ee1a48dfa5847d20354" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">865,572</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c17" continuedAt="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c18"><ix:continuation id="Text_d20917455bb74e8b883a7b60126331c83" continuedAt="Text_d20917455bb74e8b883a7b60126331c84">
<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div><ix:continuation id="Text_d20917455bb74e8b883a7b60126331c84" continuedAt="Text_d20917455bb74e8b883a7b60126331c85"><ix:continuation id="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c18" continuedAt="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c19">
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z54d78456c00c4738b93afdd896f53b45">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:footnote id="Foot_5b75cabd580d45bcbcb04d0e71784dc4" footnoteRole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xml:lang="en-US" continuedAt="Foot_1fa4080c02c64de8b64072c8d99900b91"><ix:footnote id="Foot_32bd426e7cd142e5b65d010127c8f7c6" footnoteRole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xml:lang="en-US" continuedAt="Foot_8f174c4e74464109b9850434ce05cf891">Refer to Note 3, &#8220;Acquisitions,&#8221; for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in the three months ended</ix:footnote></ix:footnote><ix:continuation id="Foot_1fa4080c02c64de8b64072c8d99900b91" continuedAt="Foot_1fa4080c02c64de8b64072c8d99900b92"><ix:continuation id="Foot_8f174c4e74464109b9850434ce05cf891" continuedAt="Foot_8f174c4e74464109b9850434ce05cf892">&#xA0;July 31, 2019</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Foot_1fa4080c02c64de8b64072c8d99900b92"><ix:continuation id="Foot_8f174c4e74464109b9850434ce05cf892">.</ix:continuation></ix:continuation></div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation></div>
</div>
<ix:continuation id="Text_7cab6f38605f4cc8afa22de43dc9424c19"><ix:continuation id="Text_d20917455bb74e8b883a7b60126331c85">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation>
<div><a id="Note13"><!--Anchor--></a></div>
<ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" id="Text_567a877e4e4745cf8030571899d701da" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_c66602e52c924ee48ba1c5abbe1187491">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 13 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Income Taxes</span></div>
</ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_c66602e52c924ee48ba1c5abbe1187491" continuedAt="Text_c66602e52c924ee48ba1c5abbe1187492">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_c66602e52c924ee48ba1c5abbe1187492" continuedAt="Text_c66602e52c924ee48ba1c5abbe1187493">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The effective tax rate for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 was <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations" id="Fact_01722cf910904df59ee88ec03abe638a" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U005" decimals="3" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">8.6</ix:nonFraction>%, compared to <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations" id="Fact_07c31d0cdf9c4f80af545953a525ac53" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U005" decimals="3" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">22.8</ix:nonFraction>% for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2018. The rate for the three months ended July 31, 2019 was less than the rate for the corresponding prior period due to certain net discrete items totaling $<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefitDiscreteItems" id="Fact_3c4ce504fb524f33b247dd339fdfb2d8" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.4</ix:nonFraction> million, which had a disproportionately large impact on our rate because of our relatively small amount of pretax income. Excluding the effects of these discrete items, the rate for the three months ended July 31, 2019 would have been <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxAct" id="Fact_055186592a1a4bf4b932ee8993856031" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U005" decimals="3" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">22.5</ix:nonFraction>%.</div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_c66602e52c924ee48ba1c5abbe1187493">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>20</span></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><a id="Note14"><!--Anchor--></a></div>
<ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock" id="Text_6693eb5f53224ebc9d9e5ffe188022bf" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_aaffafa92df54b688b53e8915112d72e1">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 14 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Retirement Plans</span></div>
</ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_aaffafa92df54b688b53e8915112d72e1" continuedAt="Text_aaffafa92df54b688b53e8915112d72e2">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_aaffafa92df54b688b53e8915112d72e2" continuedAt="Text_aaffafa92df54b688b53e8915112d72e3">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfNetBenefitCostsTableTextBlock" id="Text_4c2b4e4f3cac4f3886a278b2f8bb3717" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_ce272895d0394714bcf7c3da49fb62eb1"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The components of net pension income for our global defined benefit plans were as follows:</span></ix:nonNumeric></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_aaffafa92df54b688b53e8915112d72e3" continuedAt="Text_aaffafa92df54b688b53e8915112d72e4"><ix:continuation id="Text_ce272895d0394714bcf7c3da49fb62eb1" continuedAt="Text_ce272895d0394714bcf7c3da49fb62eb2">
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_aaffafa92df54b688b53e8915112d72e4" continuedAt="Text_aaffafa92df54b688b53e8915112d72e5"><ix:continuation id="Text_ce272895d0394714bcf7c3da49fb62eb2">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb4a9efc8786f4d9db6da77365863945b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost" id="Fact_2356f25eb55a4cae8f774e4fb1cd4fc2" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">6,212</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Expected return on plan assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets" id="Fact_5c322a69b0f24f35a6ce4efe5347fcfa" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">10,059</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets" id="Fact_0bc4881f0cc54a90b1aed44a80cb30fe" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">9,902</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCredit" id="Fact_25ba0272e61142188e4e95575499c752" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">19</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCredit" id="Fact_6f875eae5fc24be5b903760067d9b5bb" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">24</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Unrecognized net actuarial loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses" id="Fact_fab50b5cf3984bfea6bf2ff3782deaef" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,600</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses" id="Fact_c18475a5571047b5ae64dfa5538f70a6" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,434</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net pension income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost" id="Fact_12b287c36fcc45b6a5e03ac8aa94ec5b" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,420</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost" id="Fact_72feb3fc9a3045debf92bf8fa1ef5fe9" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,047</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Employer defined benefit pension plan contributions were $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanContributionsByEmployer" id="Fact_f9e2abd3eade4c08b4c759216c93f2ca" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4.7</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanContributionsByEmployer" id="Fact_3361c9c0742348d280c5f60f5eecdef7" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3.6</ix:nonFraction> million for the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The expense for employer defined contribution plans was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedContributionPlanAdministrativeExpenses" id="Fact_d12700519e204806b1e4b7520bbd759f" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4.3</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedContributionPlanAdministrativeExpenses" id="Fact_af9956e682bb41138c4211cf6e1d3f2a" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4.5</ix:nonFraction> million for the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</div>
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<div><br /></div>
<div><a id="Note15"><!--Anchor--></a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 15 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Debt and Available Credit Facilities</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Amended and Restated RCA</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On May 30, 2019, we entered into a credit agreement that amended and restated our existing revolving credit agreement (&#8220;Amended and Restated RCA&#8221;). The Amended and Restated RCA provides for senior unsecured credit facilities comprised of a (i) <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DebtInstrumentTerm" id="Fact_efe9d99a607141a5a7a99a1637e8ab1d" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">five-year</ix:nonNumeric> revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount up to $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" id="Fact_8f97b34ce6e14ec4866da65ed897cb5e" contextRef="c20190530_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-7" scale="9" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.25</ix:nonFraction> billion, and (ii) a <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DebtInstrumentTerm" id="Fact_1a109f33dd704054bf3e9aabcbcc2793" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_TermLoanAFacilityMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">five-year</ix:nonNumeric> term loan A facility consisting of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtInstrumentFaceAmount" id="Fact_0a62ac9a8f2b4bbf918db61fc2075af6" contextRef="c20190530_CreditFacilityAxis_TermLoanAFacilityMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">250</ix:nonFraction> million.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under the terms of the Amended and Restated RCA, which can be drawn in multiple currencies, we have the option of borrowing at the following floating interest rates:&#160;(i) at a rate based on the London Interbank Offered Rate (&#8220;LIBOR&#8221;) plus an applicable margin ranging from <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin" id="Fact_b41f0000fd9d4dc18c408ddcc08a942d" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_SyndicateBankGroupMember_RangeAxis_MinimumMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" unitRef="U005" decimals="4" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.98</ix:nonFraction>% to <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin" id="Fact_bb0ffe5220314300a850f6428da73747" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_SyndicateBankGroupMember_RangeAxis_MaximumMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" unitRef="U005" decimals="4" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.50</ix:nonFraction>%, depending on our consolidated net leverage ratio, as defined, or (ii) at the lender&#8217;s base rate plus an applicable margin ranging from <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin" id="Fact_0b4eff07d51c45c9a173b29d91ddbd4b" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_SyndicateBankGroupMember_RangeAxis_MinimumMember_VariableRateAxis_BaseRateMember" unitRef="U005" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen">zero</ix:nonFraction> to <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin" id="Fact_dd068e62d53741238709eeef7b65b333" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_SyndicateBankGroupMember_RangeAxis_MaximumMember_VariableRateAxis_BaseRateMember" unitRef="U005" decimals="4" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.50</ix:nonFraction>%, depending on our consolidated net leverage ratio.&#160;The lender&#8217;s base rate is defined as the highest of (i) the U.S. federal funds effective rate plus a <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate" id="Fact_7f0458cc564448fb840332190cd8105b" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_SyndicateBankGroupMember_VariableRateAxis_FederalFundsEffectiveSwapRateMember" unitRef="U005" decimals="4" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.50</ix:nonFraction>% margin, (ii) the Eurocurrency rate, as defined, plus a <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate" id="Fact_d8a6ec211ba2492c8af83e8118866311" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_SyndicateBankGroupMember_VariableRateAxis_EurodollarMember" unitRef="U005" decimals="4" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.00</ix:nonFraction>% margin, or (iii) the Bank of America prime lending rate. In addition, we pay a facility fee for the revolving credit facility ranging from <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage" id="Fact_a1203667528348c9a689cd27f4a4b0ff" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_SyndicateBankGroupMember_RangeAxis_MinimumMember" unitRef="U005" decimals="4" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.15</ix:nonFraction>% to <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage" id="Fact_4391e3ab8e184022a014c2bf7bcee673" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_SyndicateBankGroupMember_RangeAxis_MaximumMember" unitRef="U005" decimals="4" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.25</ix:nonFraction>% depending on our consolidated net leverage ratio.&#160;We also have the option to request an increase in the revolving credit facility by an amount not to exceed $<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest" id="Fact_9501dc6e7b3e44c18ada64c70bb7c4f7" contextRef="c20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_SyndicateBankGroupMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">500</ix:nonFraction> million, in minimum increments of $<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested" id="Fact_648b78ab7c814991abfb6d3b15f2ee3e" contextRef="c20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_SyndicateBankGroupMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">50</ix:nonFraction> million, subject to the approval of the lenders.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amended and Restated RCA</span> contains certain customary affirmative and negative covenants, including a financial covenant in the form of a consolidated net leverage ratio and consolidated interest coverage ratio, which we were in compliance with as of July 31, 2019.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We incurred an immaterial loss on the write-off of unamortized deferred costs in connection with the refinancing of our RCA (as defined below) which is reflected in Interest and Other Income on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended July 31, 2019.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We incurred $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredFinanceCostsNet" id="Fact_ebd4f06330e746cc995922646bd894c4" contextRef="c20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_DebtInstrumentAxis_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4.0</ix:nonFraction> million of costs related to the Amended and Restated RCA which resulted in total costs capitalized of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredFinanceCostsNet" id="Fact_c2b2d391e5f64d34baaafe2d60db705c" contextRef="c20190731_DebtInstrumentAxis_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">5.2</ix:nonFraction> million.&#160; The amount related to the term loan A facility is $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredFinanceCostsNet" id="Fact_763d9561f3ba49e8853b783c27e93184" contextRef="c20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_TermLoanAFacilityMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.9</ix:nonFraction> million, consisting of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtInstrumentFeeAmount" id="Fact_44f4a50305c646d2b2b96a85e6af3b7b" contextRef="c20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_TermLoanAFacilityMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.8</ix:nonFraction> million of lender fees and recorded as a reduction to Long-Term Debt and $<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees" id="Fact_3a2999d6f1fe49a583094dddcab21d49" contextRef="c20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_TermLoanAFacilityMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.1</ix:nonFraction> million of non-lender fees included in Other Non-Current Assets. The amount related to the five-year revolving credit facility is $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredFinanceCostsNet" id="Fact_244989bc424c44d19c432b584f51f03c" contextRef="c20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4.3</ix:nonFraction> million, all of which is included in Other Non-Current Assets.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The amortization expense of the lender and non-lender fees is recognized over the <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DebtInstrumentTerm" id="Fact_500de004d53646d8b4536dd7badb757a" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">five-year</ix:nonNumeric> term of the Amended and Restated RCA. Total amortization expense in the three months ended July 31, 2019 was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AmortizationOfFinancingCosts" id="Fact_7dd92f564c894661a85429e23145d107" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DebtInstrumentAxis_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.2</ix:nonFraction> million and is included in Interest Expense on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our total debt outstanding as of July 31, 2019 was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermDebt" id="Fact_55851ff44ad94b7ab430ef7bd2b9a6f7" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">730.5</ix:nonFraction> million, which included $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermDebtCurrent" id="Fact_774a73c394b9416482b783aa57c8ebaa" contextRef="c20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_TermLoanAFacilityMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">6.3</ix:nonFraction> million of current portion of long-term debt related to our term loan A under the Amended and Restated RCA and long-term debt of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermDebtNoncurrent" id="Fact_ae91101a902f4454941593e3d5afdc62" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">724.3</ix:nonFraction> million. The long-term debt consisted of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermDebtNoncurrent" id="Fact_88339b5092334b6898849c6ba1d1cfaf" contextRef="c20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_TermLoanAFacilityMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">243.0</ix:nonFraction> million related to our term loan A under the Amended and Restated RCA, net of unamortized issuance costs of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredFinanceCostsNet" id="Fact_0211b33dfac34587abe24b15c161554b" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.8</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermDebtNoncurrent" id="Fact_e0330322867340829db3c12457022756" contextRef="c20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_DebtInstrumentAxis_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">481.3</ix:nonFraction> million related to the revolving credit facility under the Amended and Restated RCA.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>21</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">RCA</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of April 30, 2019, total debt outstanding was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCredit" id="Fact_2bc1c99d51374a9d8844a9f05ebc9a83" contextRef="c20190430_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">478.8</ix:nonFraction> million, which consisted of amounts due under our RCA.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We had a revolving credit agreement (&#8220;RCA&#8221;) with a syndicated bank group led by Bank of America. The RCA consisted of a $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" id="Fact_e1d7f9008b434be7be015ae4fa569fe7" contextRef="c20190430_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-8" scale="9" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.1</ix:nonFraction> billion <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DebtInstrumentTerm" id="Fact_02947dd3f1b44edb8fe97e27464e7e55" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">five-year</ix:nonNumeric> senior revolving credit facility payable <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1" id="Fact_497d2be959684d18942abde2c7d33cec" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">March 1, 2021</ix:nonNumeric>. Since there were no principal payments due until the end of the agreement in the year ended April 30, 2021, we had classified our entire debt obligation as long-term as of April 30, 2019.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 16 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">From time-to-time, we enter into forward exchange and interest rate swap contracts as a hedge against foreign currency asset and liability commitments, changes in interest rates and anticipated transaction exposures, including intercompany purchases. All derivatives are recognized as assets or liabilities and measured at fair value on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Derivatives that are not determined to be effective hedges are adjusted to fair value with a corresponding adjustment to earnings. We do not use financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Interest Rate Contracts</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of July 31, 2019, we had total debt outstanding of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermDebt" id="Fact_d27d1f556c924385842b6ca21db3da0f" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">730.5</ix:nonFraction> million, net of unamortized issuance costs of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredFinanceCostsNet" id="Fact_31749a8c6b164ce8b6140f8825eeaf07" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.8</ix:nonFraction> million of which&#160; $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount" id="Fact_acfbaeb5d33f4d9f9e0f4c552bb499be" contextRef="c20190731" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">731.3</ix:nonFraction> million are variable rate loans outstanding under the Amended and Restated RCA, which approximated fair value.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DerivativeInceptionDates" id="Fact_6d7b718199564c1da332745066722305" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">June 24, 2019</ix:nonNumeric> we entered into a forward starting interest rate swap agreement, which fixed a portion of the variable interest due on our Amended RCA. Under the terms of the agreement, we pay a fixed rate of <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeSwaptionInterestRate" id="Fact_49075f8eb85b43d982df4c4e8a0ff51d" contextRef="c20190731_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" unitRef="U005" decimals="5" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.650</ix:nonFraction>% and receive a variable rate of interest based on <ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate" id="Fact_9ebf3076dd094872831a20acc2f42d6e" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">one month</ix:nonNumeric> LIBOR from the counterparty which is reset every month for a <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DerivativeTermOfContract" id="Fact_27c0c5880bab433f82e396ab15c0d69b" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">three-year</ix:nonNumeric> period ending <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DerivativeMaturityDates" id="Fact_ac83c8d3d85f4ce3934bdd0327f80596" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">July 15, 2022</ix:nonNumeric>. As of July 31, 2019, the notional amount of the interest rate swap was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeLiabilityNotionalAmount" id="Fact_5a4bbc70dd5c493ab885d0c3128caf39" contextRef="c20190731_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">100.0</ix:nonFraction> million. It is management&#8217;s intention that the notional amount of interest rate swaps be less than the variable rate loans outstanding during the life of the derivatives.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DerivativeInceptionDates" id="Fact_7d06df2d84494d16ae40e0bd6da15c73" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">April 4, 2016</ix:nonNumeric>, we entered into a forward starting interest rate swap agreement which fixed a portion of the variable interest due on a variable rate debt renewal on May 16, 2016. Under the terms of the agreement, which expired on <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DerivativeMaturityDates" id="Fact_f8ed1c1cd35c4a39afababc54b3ec5d4" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">May 15, 2019</ix:nonNumeric>, we paid a fixed rate of&#160; <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeSwaptionInterestRate" id="Fact_723cc73321814267bff9004995c8e999" contextRef="c20190731_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" unitRef="U005" decimals="4" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.92</ix:nonFraction>% and receive a variable rate of interest based on <ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate" id="Fact_0a7c2fa78d4a4a58bf4867e7bbc016f2" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">one month</ix:nonNumeric> LIBOR from the counterparty which was reset every month for a <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DerivativeTermOfContract" id="Fact_963e8ac4068a417ea4153f3e3e4704b3" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">three-year</ix:nonNumeric> period ending <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DerivativeMaturityDates" id="Fact_46357f75bc6c49488a3ce7f4a0bb5e1f" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">May 15, 2019</ix:nonNumeric>.&#160; Prior to expiration, the notional amount of the interest rate swap was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeLiabilityNotionalAmount" id="Fact_e110d18104f140b3bb922027b18a26af" contextRef="c20190731_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">350.0</ix:nonFraction> million.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of July 31, 2019 and April 30, 2019, the interest rate swap agreements maintained by us were designated as cash flow hedges as defined under ASC 815 &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging.&#8221; As a result, there was no impact on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps as they were fully offset by changes in the interest expense on the underlying variable rate debt instruments.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We record the fair value of our interest rate swaps on a recurring basis using Level 2 inputs of quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets. The fair value of the interest rate swaps as of July 31, 2019 and April 30, 2019 was a deferred gain of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeAssets" id="Fact_e6c9da4d992445dc9da0f2a5817efc2e" contextRef="c20190731_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis_CashFlowHedgingMember_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_HedgingDesignationAxis_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.3</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeAssets" id="Fact_dc735dc749f94e9b9846f0d51c57382e" contextRef="c20190430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis_CashFlowHedgingMember_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_HedgingDesignationAxis_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.5</ix:nonFraction> million, respectively. Based on the maturity dates of the contracts, the entire deferred gain as of July 31, 2019 was recorded Other Non-Current Assets and as of April 30, 2019 was recorded within Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets. The pre-tax gains that were reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Interest Expense for the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018 were $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet" id="Fact_a88cdd520a884bc9b15d1513434eac43" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis_CashFlowHedgingMember_HedgingDesignationAxis_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_InterestExpenseMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.2</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet" id="Fact_430a01402b444fe78d1d86c5e4ceb493" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis_CashFlowHedgingMember_HedgingDesignationAxis_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_InterestExpenseMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.0</ix:nonFraction> million, respectively.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Foreign Currency Contracts</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We may enter into forward exchange contracts to manage our exposure on certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. The forward exchange contracts are marked to market through Foreign Exchange Transaction (Losses) Gains in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and carried at their fair value in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities are remeasured at spot rates in effect on the balance sheet date, with the effects of changes in spot rates reported in Foreign Exchange Transaction Gains (Losses) in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of July 31, 2019, and April 30, 2019, we did not maintain any open forward exchange contracts. In addition, we did not maintain any open forward contracts during the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 and 2018.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 17 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Share Repurchases</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018, we repurchased <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares" id="Fact_93ffdcc0eba348dd9daa08e9ec709e3e" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">217,511</ix:nonFraction> and <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares" id="Fact_7eb59a2710834b4da897d74716601679" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">125,932</ix:nonFraction> shares of Class A common stock at an average price of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare" id="Fact_32f091979481408693f8c8b77aeb7df5" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">45.97</ix:nonFraction> and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare" id="Fact_34814f792bff43e59f4b77bd665c365c" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">63.48</ix:nonFraction>, respectively.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Dividends</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_3e777ccda0d64d2fbc100e6afa9fbac2" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_4ed3156650914d8dbc0ed7ae825cf737" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">June 27, 2019</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric>, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" id="Fact_38f60446cf9b47e58bddfd37ad35c699" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" id="Fact_b80ad75411b14f49a6df94f815a4c5ae" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.34</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction> per common share, or $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock" id="Fact_92a1d294a6cd4eacbf3d6e87f93f70dd" contextRef="c20190724to20190724_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">19.2</ix:nonFraction> million, on our Class A and Class B common stock. The dividend was paid on <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_f67246d59d294427825484b5063a0dcd" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_2b32f6bc1ff74f139950ac7009f9bb5c" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">July 24, 2019</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric> to shareholders of record on <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_3423378af12a48c29fe95cd79606e707" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_96ef7c17c5a74041a98260e05790d515" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">July 10, 2019</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric>.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Changes in Common Stock</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfStockByClassTextBlock" id="Text_e3e82389b9ff4b72b8abee975a8af52b" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_07150edcf73e4f6a8442b7d5378daf2f1"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following is a summary of changes during the three months ended July 31, in shares of our common stock and common stock in treasury (shares in thousands).</span></ix:nonNumeric></div>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Purchase of treasury shares</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityOtherShares" id="Fact_aebeca898ba6425d85915e2d46ce1a94" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of shares held, end of period</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding" id="Fact_9e734c874cef4f87bca72c67517622b5" contextRef="c20190731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">47,344</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_6b489c6e959e473680ef82247f75946f15" continuedAt="Text_6b489c6e959e473680ef82247f75946f16"><ix:continuation id="Text_07150edcf73e4f6a8442b7d5378daf2f3" continuedAt="Text_07150edcf73e4f6a8442b7d5378daf2f4">
<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_6b489c6e959e473680ef82247f75946f16" continuedAt="Text_6b489c6e959e473680ef82247f75946f17"><ix:continuation id="Text_07150edcf73e4f6a8442b7d5378daf2f4" continuedAt="Text_07150edcf73e4f6a8442b7d5378daf2f5">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z9577498661e54d7cb76319f745750d6b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of Common Stock B outstanding, end of period</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding" id="Fact_d4f3c19e72e2445f9a4433c8e846ebcf" contextRef="c20190731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">9,125</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding" id="Fact_72d1d9ca25264fbd9d62d5c28ff4e817" contextRef="c20180731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">9,149</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
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<div><a id="Note18"><!--Anchor--></a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 18 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Commitments and Contingencies</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We are involved in routine litigation in the ordinary course of our business. A provision for litigation is accrued when information available to us indicates that it is probable a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgment may be required to determine both the probability and estimates of loss. When the amount of the loss can only be estimated within a range, the most likely outcome within that range is accrued. If no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, the minimum amount within the range is accrued. When uncertainties exist related to the probable outcome of litigation and/or the amount or range of loss, we do not record a liability, but disclose facts related to the nature of the contingency and possible losses if management considers the information to be material. Reserves for legal defense costs are recognized when incurred. The accruals for loss contingencies and legal costs are reviewed regularly and may be adjusted to reflect updated information on the status of litigation and advice of legal counsel. In the opinion of management, the ultimate resolution of all pending litigation as of July 31, 2019, will not have a material effect upon our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position or Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>23</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="Part1Item2"><!--Anchor--></a>ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT&#8217;S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The information in our Management&#8217;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (&#8220;MD&amp;A&#8221;) should be read together with our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes set forth in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our MD&amp;A set forth in Item 7 of Part II of our 2019 Form 10-K and our Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes set forth in Item 8 of Part II of our 2019 Form 10-K. See Part II, Item 1A, &#8220;Risk Factors,&#8221; below and &#8220;Cautionary Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements &#8220;Safe Harbor&#8221; Statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995,&#8221; above, and the information referenced therein, for a description of risks that we face and important factors that we believe could cause actual results to differ materially from those in our forward-looking statements. All amounts and percentages are approximate due to rounding and all dollars are in thousands, except per share amounts or where otherwise noted. When we cross-reference to a &#8220;Note,&#8221; we are referring to our &#8220;Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements,&#8221; unless the context indicates otherwise.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">RESULTS OF OPERATIONS &#8211; THREE MONTHS ENDED JULY 31, 2019</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">CONSOLIDATED OPERATING RESULTS</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Recent Events</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zc49ae769d36840589ae45514ea945b49">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas: (1) Research Publishing &amp; Platforms, which includes the Research publishing and Atypon businesses, (2) Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning, which is the former &#8220;Publishing&#8221; segment combined with our corporate training businesses &#8211; previously noted as Professional Assessment and Corporate Learning; and (3) Education Services, which is the online program management business. Prior period segment results have been revised to the new segment presentation. There were no changes to our consolidated financial results.</div></td>
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</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="ze0c0696940f94b1aae10b980bd2b9784">
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    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On July 1, 2019, we completed the acquisition of Zyante Inc. ("zyBooks"), a leading provider of computer science and STEM education courseware. zyBooks is included in our Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning segment.</div></td>
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<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revenue for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 increased $12.6 million, or 3%, as compared with prior year. On a constant currency basis, revenue increased 5% mainly driven by the following factors:</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zd065ed4384c647c5aa47272806ed8aec">
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    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">an increase of $7.9 million in the Research Publishing &amp; Platforms business, and</div></td>
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<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zc57d8f82af654bf7aaa59c569b57ed2d">
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    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">an increase of $20.2 million in the Education Services business due largely to contributions from Learning House, which was acquired in November 2018.</div></td>
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</div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">These increases were partially offset by a decline of $9.3 million in Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning, primarily within Education Publishing.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See the &#8220;Segment Operating Results&#8221; below for additional details on each segment&#8217;s revenue and contribution to profit performance.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Cost of Sales:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cost of sales for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 increased $15.4 million, or 12%, as compared with prior year. On a constant currency basis, cost of sales increased 14%. This increase was primarily due to an increase in employment and marketing costs due to the Education Services business, and to a lesser extent, higher royalty costs; partially offset by lower inventory costs.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Operating and Administrative Expenses:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating and administrative expenses for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 increased $9.7 million, or 4%, as compared with prior year. On a constant currency basis, operating and administrative expenses increased 6%. The increase was primarily due to the following:</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div>
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    <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">higher operating costs of $7.0 million which reflected the incremental impact of the acquisition of Learning House; and to a lesser extent, investments in additional resources in content and editorial support, as well as advertising, marketing and sales, and</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div>
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    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">an increase in corporate expenses including an increase in costs associated with strategic planning.</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>24</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Restructuring and Related Charges (Credits):</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Business Optimization Program</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Beginning in fiscal year 2020, we initiated the Business Optimization Program to drive efficiency improvement and operating savings with improved workflows and cycle times and enhanced researcher experiences. We anticipate approximately $15 million to $20 million of restructuring charges, of which approximately $10 million to $15 million to be severance-related costs and the remainder to be related to non-cash costs. We anticipate gross savings over the three-year period to be approximately $100 million, with most of that amount to be reinvested in the Company to drive and sustain profitable revenue growth.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019, we recorded pre-tax restructuring charges of $10.9 million, related to this program. These charges are reflected in Restructuring and Related Charges (Credits) in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. See Note 9, &#8220;Restructuring and Related Charges&#8221; for more details on these charges.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Beginning in fiscal year 2013, we initiated the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program to restructure and realign our cost base with current and anticipated future market conditions. We are targeting most of the cost savings achieved to improve margins and earnings, with the remainder reinvested in growth opportunities.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018, we recorded pre-tax restructuring credits of $0.1 million and $6.1 million, respectively, related to this program. These credits are reflected in Restructuring and Related Charges (Credits) in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. See Note 9, &#8220;Restructuring and Related Charges&#8221; for more details on these charges.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For the impact of both of our restructuring programs on diluted earnings per share, see the section below, &#8220;Diluted Earnings per Share (&#8220;EPS&#8221;).&#8221;</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Amortization of Intangibles:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amortization of intangibles was $15.0 million for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019, an increase of $2.3 million, or 18%, as compared with prior year. On a constant currency basis, amortization of intangibles increased 20% as compared with prior year. The increase in amortization was primarily due to the acquisition of intangibles as part of the acquisitions completed in the three months ended July 31, 2019, and the Learning House acquisition on November 1, 2018. See Note 3, &#8220;Acquisitions&#8221; for more details on these transactions.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Operating Income:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating income was $4.6 million for the three months ended July 31, 2019, a decrease of $31.6 million, or 87%, as compared with prior year. On a constant currency basis and excluding restructuring charges, Adjusted Operating Income decreased 52% primarily due to higher costs of sales and operating and administrative expenses discussed above.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Interest Expense:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interest expense for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 was $6.1 million compared with prior year of $2.8 million. This increase was due to higher average debt balances outstanding, which included borrowings for the funding of the acquisitions completed in the three months ended July 31, 2019 as well as the acquisition of Learning House on November 1, 2018, and a higher weighted average effective borrowing rate.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Foreign Exchange Transaction Gains (Losses):</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Foreign exchange transaction gains were $2.7 million for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 and were primarily due to the net impact of the change in average foreign exchange rates as compared to the U.S. dollar on our third-party accounts receivable and payable balances. For the three months ended July 31, 2018, foreign exchange transaction losses were $1.7 million and were primarily due to the impact of the change in average foreign exchange rates as compared to the U.S. dollar on our intercompany accounts receivable and payable balances.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Provision for Income Taxes:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The effective tax rate for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 was 8.6%, compared to 22.8% for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2018. The rate for the three months ended July 31, 2019 was less than the rate for the corresponding prior period due to certain discrete items totaling $0.4 million which had a disproportionately large impact on our rate because of our relatively small amount of pretax income. Excluding the effects of these discrete items, the rate for the three months ended July 31, 2019 would have been 22.5%.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>25</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Diluted Earnings per Share (&#8220;EPS&#8221;):</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">EPS for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 was $0.06 per share compared with $0.45 per share in the prior year. Excluding the impact of the items included in the table below, Adjusted EPS for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 decreased 51% to $0.21 per share compared with $0.43 per share in the prior year. On a constant currency basis, Adjusted EPS decreased 53% due to lower Adjusted Operating Income, partially offset by a lower provision for income taxes and foreign exchange transaction gains.</div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zeaaba59ae5f54065b38e5a3ddcae8597" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended July 31,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">GAAP EPS</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">0.06</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">0.45</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Adjustments:</span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">0.14</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(0.08</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Foreign exchange losses on intercompany transactions</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">0.01</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">0.05</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Non-GAAP Adjusted EPS</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">0.21</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">0.43</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">SEGMENT OPERATING RESULTS</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zde392337dcf54d83a09b7f7dd0bd8539" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended July 31,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Constant Currency</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">RESEARCH PUBLISHING &amp; PLATFORMS:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating Expenses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted Contribution to Profit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">58,266</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">56,337</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Depreciation and amortization</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">71,702</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">5</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">5</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"># Not meaningful</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms revenue for the three months ended July 31, 2019 increased 2% to $229.4 million on a reported basis and increased 3% on a constant currency basis as compared with prior year. This increase was due to continued strong growth in Research Publishing, and to a lesser extent, Atypon platform services.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Contribution to profit decreased 3% to $55.6 million for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 as compared with the prior year. On a constant currency basis and excluding restructuring charges (credits), contribution to profit increased 3% compared with prior year. This increase was primarily due to higher revenues, partially offset by an increase in royalty costs, and higher operating costs, which reflected investments in additional resources in editorial and content to support increased journal publishing, marketing and sales.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Society Partnerships:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019:</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z177cf2a9960f47aa947afa8c0f7fc6e9">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;">6</span> new society contracts were signed with a combined annual revenue of approximately $9.0 million,</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z440d995789cd4620955f2335df12245b">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;">16 </span>society contracts were renewed with a combined annual revenue of approximately $13.7 million,</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za40138cc2f524af68b4700f2b50bae4a">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2 society contracts were not renewed with a combined annual revenue of approximately $0.6 million.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>26</span></div>
</div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zdb1ff500c7974ef39fd1bae0e5ee7a8e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended July 31,</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">EDUCATION PUBLISHING &amp; PROFESSIONAL LEARNING:</div></td>
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    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">% Change Favorable (Unfavorable)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">% Change Favorable (Unfavorable)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Publishing</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">65,523</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">74,034</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(11</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(10</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">79,335</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">82,390</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(2</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning Revenue</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">144,858</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">156,424</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(7</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(6</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cost of Sales</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">43,814</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">44,898</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(2</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating Expenses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">89,530</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">86,103</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amortization of Intangibles</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">3,798</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4,373</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(13</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(12</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring Charges (Credits) (see Note 9)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2,805</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(717</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">#</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">#</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">4,911</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21,767</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(77</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(78</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring Charges (Credits) (see Note 9)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2,805</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(717</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted Contribution to Profit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">7,716</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21,050</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(63</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(64</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Depreciation and amortization</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">16,524</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">17,577</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">24,240</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">38,627</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(37</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(37</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"># Not meaningful</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning revenue decreased 7% to $144.9 million on a reported basis and decreased 6% on a constant currency basis as compared with prior year. This decrease was primarily due to declines in the books businesses and test preparation and certification, partially offset by growth in corporate training. On July 1, 2019, we completed the acquisition of zyBooks, a leading provider of computer science and STEM education courseware.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Contribution to profit decreased 77% to $4.9 million for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 as compared with the prior year. On a constant currency basis and excluding restructuring charges (credits), contribution to profit decreased 64% as compared with prior year. This decrease was primarily due to the decline in revenue; and to a lesser extent, higher sales and administrative related costs, including costs associated with the acquisition of zyBooks and Knewton, Inc. (&#8220;Knewton&#8221;).</div>
<div><br /></div>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cost of Sales</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amortization of Intangibles</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(7,199</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(5,019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(43</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(44</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring Charges (Credits) (see Note 9)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2,089</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(208</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted Contribution to Profit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(5,110</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(5,227</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Depreciation and amortization</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">5,498</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,467</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">388</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1,760</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">#</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">#</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"># Not meaningful</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>27</span></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Education Services revenue increased 69% to $49.3 million, on a reported and on a constant currency basis as compared with prior year. The increase was mainly driven by the impact of</span> the acquisition of Learning House, and organic growth of 9%.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Contribution to profit declined by $2.2 million to a loss of $7.2 million for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 as compared with the prior year. <span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">On a constant currency basis, excluding restructuring charges, the change in the loss was favorable 2% as compared with prior year. This was due to the following:</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb7ff2f3d557b443baa41b4e1124fbf48">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">higher revenue as described above;</span></div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">offset by;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z556e6ca69dd549cdbace83c90f4a8497">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">higher costs of sales primarily </span>due to higher employment related costs and marketing costs, which was primarily due to the incremental impact of the acquisition of Learning House, operating expenses, <span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">and an increase in amortization of intangibles related to the acquisition of Learning House.</span></div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Education Services Partners:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As of </span>July 31, 2019<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, Wiley had 67 university partners under contract. As of </span>July 31, 2018<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, Wiley had 35 university partners under contract.</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CORPORATE EXPENSES:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Corporate expenses for the </span>three months ended<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#xA0;</span>July 31, 2019<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> increased 29% to $48.8 million as compared with prior year. On a constant currency basis and excluding restructuring charges (credits), these expenses increased 9%. This increase was primarily due to</span> an increase in costs associated with strategic planning and business optimization efforts.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">FISCAL YEAR 2020 OUTLOOK:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We are reaffirming our financial outlook with updates that reflect the addition of zyBooks. Note, Knewton was included in the original outlook.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Amounts in millions, except Adjusted EPS</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z09586c38cd05448bb91216d9d4be19ee" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Item</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Original Fiscal Year 2020 Outlook <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">zyBooks Impact</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revenue</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">1,840-1,870</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">15</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,855-1,885</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">360-375</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">357-372</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted EPS</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2.45-2.55</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(0.10</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2.35-2.45</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Free Cash Flow</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">210-230</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Insignificant</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Unchanged</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><sup>(1)</sup>&#xA0;<span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#xA0;</span>Outlook<span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#xA0;</span>is at constant currency (reflecting Fiscal Year 2019 average exchange rates)</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted EBITDA</span>:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Below is a reconciliation of GAAP net income to Non-GAAP EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z0e88114934414c7abfdfaa58d45d1eb3" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> </span>&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended July 31,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Net Income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">3,624</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">26,295</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interest expense</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">6,077</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2,796</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Provision for income taxes</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">343</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">7,786</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Depreciation and amortization</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">42,219</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">40,171</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Non-GAAP EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">52,263</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">77,048</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10,735</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(6,086</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Foreign exchange transaction (gains) losses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(2,652</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,729</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interest and other income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(2,833</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(2,466</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">57,513</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">70,225</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>28</span></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Principal Sources of Liquidity</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We believe that our operating cash flow, together with our revolving credit facilities and other available debt financing, will be adequate to meet our operating, investing and financing needs in the foreseeable future, although there can be no assurance that continued or increased volatility in the global capital and credit markets will not impair our ability to access these markets on terms commercially acceptable. We do not have any off-balance-sheet debt.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of July 31, 2019, we had cash and cash equivalents of $104.0 million, of which approximately $89.8 million, or 86%, was located outside the U.S.&#160; Maintenance of these cash and cash equivalent balances outside the U.S. does not have a material impact on the liquidity or capital resources of our operations. Notwithstanding the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the &#8220;Tax Act&#8221;), which generally eliminated federal income tax on future cash repatriation to the U.S., cash repatriation may be subject to state and local taxes or withholding or similar taxes. Since April 30, 2018, we no longer intend to permanently reinvest earnings outside the U.S. We have a $2.0 million liability related to the estimated taxes that would be incurred upon repatriating certain non-U.S. earnings.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On May 30, 2019, we entered into a credit agreement that amended and restated our existing revolving credit agreement (&#8220;Amended and Restated RCA&#8221;). The Amended and Restated RCA provides for senior unsecured credit facilities comprised of a (i) five-year revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount up to $1.25 billion, and (ii) a five-year term loan A facility consisting of $250 million.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of July 31, 2019, we had approximately $730.5 million of debt outstanding, net of unamortized issuance costs of $0.8 million, and approximately $771.4 million of unused borrowing capacity under our Amended and Restated RCA and other facilities. Our Amended and Restated RCA contains certain restrictive covenants related to our consolidated leverage ratio and interest coverage ratio, which we were in compliance with as of July 31, 2019.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Analysis of Historical Cash Flow</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table shows the changes in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 and 2018.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z082fa090290e49ea9b44faad09ea6d7d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended July 31,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Cash Used In Operating Activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(94,168</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(144,989</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Cash Used In Investing Activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(105,892</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(26,520</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">213,333</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">119,207</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Effect of Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Changes on Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(2,138</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4,363</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Free Cash Flow less Product Development Spending helps assess our ability, over the long term, to create value for our shareholders, as it represents cash available to repay debt, pay common dividends, and fund share repurchases and new acquisitions. Below are the details of Free Cash Flow less Product Development Spending for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 and 2018.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cash flow from operations is seasonally a use of cash in the first half of Wiley&#8217;s fiscal year principally due to the timing of collections for annual journal subscriptions, which occurs in the beginning of the second half of our fiscal year.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Free Cash Flow less Product Development Spending:</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zea4fb74f5541403387be1d636764bf53" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> </span>&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended July 31,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Cash Used In Operating Activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(94,168</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(144,989</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Less: Additions to Technology, Property and Equipment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(24,202</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(18,304</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Less: Product Development Spending</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(6,211</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(6,246</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Free Cash Flow less Product Development Spending</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(124,581</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(169,539</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
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<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>29</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Net Cash Used In Operating Activities</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following is a summary of the $50.8 million change in Net Cash Used In Operating Activities for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 as compared with the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2018 (amounts in millions).</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> </span><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z3be9f94aefca4c328721eda39c70341e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Net Cash Used In Operating Activities &#8211; Three Months Ended July 31, 2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(145.0</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Working Capital Changes:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accounts receivable, net and contract liabilities - due to the collection of delayed calendar year 2019 journal subscription billing in the three months ended July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">39.9</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities - due to the timing of payments and lower incentive payments in the three months ended July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">29.4</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other working capital items</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(13.1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Lower net income adjusted for items to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(5.4</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Net Cash Used In Operating Activities &#8211; Three Months Ended July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(94.2</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our negative working capital was $241.6 million and $379.8 million as of July 31, 2019 and April 30, 2019, respectively, due to the seasonality of our businesses. The primary driver of the negative working capital is unearned contract liabilities related to subscriptions for which cash has been collected in advance. Cash received in advance for subscriptions is used by us for a number of purposes including funding: acquisitions, debt repayments, operations and dividend payments and purchasing treasury shares.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The $138.1 million change in negative working capital was primarily due to the decrease in accounts receivable and contract liabilities due to the cash collections for calendar year 2019 subscriptions in the three months ended July 31, 2019, and the timing of certain working capital items including the payment of certain payables; partially offset by, an increase in current liabilities of $18.0 million due to the recognition of the short-term portion of operating lease liabilities due to the adoption of ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842).&#8221;&#160; See Note 2, &#8220;Recent Accounting Standards&#8221;, for further details.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The revenue from contract liabilities will be recognized when the products are shipped or made available online to the customers over the term of the subscription. Current liabilities as of July 31, 2019 and as of April 30, 2019 includes $408.6 million and $507.4 million, respectively, primarily related to deferred subscription revenue for which cash was collected in advance.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">N<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">et Cash Used In Investing Activities</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Cash Used in Investing Activities for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 was $105.9 million compared to $26.5 million in the prior year. The increase was due to $73.2 million of net cash used to acquire zyBooks, Knewton and other acquisitions during the three months ended July 31, 2019; and to a lesser extent, an increase of $5.9 million for technology, property and equipment, due to increased investments in products and platforms.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities was $213.3 million for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 compared to $119.2 million for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2018. This increase in cash provided by financing activities was due to an increase in net borrowings of $106.1 million for the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019 compared to the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2018 which was primarily due to the acquisitions described above. This was partially offset by $9.0 million of lower cash proceeds from the exercise of stock options and other activities.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019, we repurchased 217,511 shares of Class A Common stock at an average price of $45.97 compared to 125,932 shares of Class A Common Stock at an average price of $63.48 in the prior year.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019, we increased our quarterly dividend to shareholders by 3% to $1.36 per share annualized versus $1.32 per share annualized in the prior year.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>30</span></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">I<a id="Part1Item3"><!--Anchor--></a>TEM 3.&#160; QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Market Risk</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We are exposed to market risk primarily related to interest rates, foreign exchange and credit risk. It is our policy to monitor these exposures and to use derivative financial investments and/or insurance contracts from time to time to reduce fluctuations in earnings and cash flows when it is deemed appropriate to do so. We do not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Interest Rates</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">From time to time, we may use interest rate swaps, collars, or options to manage our exposure to fluctuations in interest rates. It is management&#8217;s intention that the notional amount of interest rate swaps be less than the variable rate loans outstanding during the life of the derivatives.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The information set forth in Note 16, "Derivatives Instruments and Hedging Activities," of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements under the caption "Interest Rate Contracts," is incorporated herein by reference.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On an annual basis, a hypothetical one percent change in interest rates for the $631.3 million of unhedged variable rate debt as of July 31, 2019 would affect net income and cash flow by approximately $4.8 million.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Foreign Exchange Rates</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Fluctuations in the currencies of countries where we operate outside the U.S. may have a significant impact on financial results. We are primarily exposed to movements in British pound sterling, euros, Canadian and Australian dollars, and certain currencies in Asia. The Statements of Financial Position of non-U.S. business units are translated into U.S. dollars using period-end exchange rates for assets and liabilities and the Statements of Income are translated into U.S. dollars using weighted-average exchange rates for revenues and expenses.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our significant investments in non-U.S. businesses are exposed to foreign currency risk. Adjustments resulting from translating assets and liabilities are reported as a separate component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss within Shareholders&#8217; Equity under the caption Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment. During the three months ended July 31, 2019, we recorded foreign currency translation losses in Other Comprehensive Income of approximately $35.5 million primarily as a result of the fluctuations of the U.S. dollar relative to the British pound sterling and, to a lesser extent, the euro. During the three months ended July 31, 2018, we recorded foreign currency translation losses in Other Comprehensive Income of approximately $40.3 million, primarily as a result of the fluctuations of the U.S. dollar relative to the British pound sterling and, to a lesser extent, the euro.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Exchange rate gains or losses related to foreign currency transactions are recognized as transaction gains or losses in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income as incurred. Under certain circumstances, we may enter into derivative financial instruments in the form of foreign currency forward contracts to hedge against specific transactions, including intercompany purchases and loans.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The information set forth in Note 16, "Derivatives Instruments and Hedging Activities," of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements under the caption "Foreign Currency Contracts," is incorporated herein by reference.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Sales Return Reserves</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The estimated allowance for print book sales returns is based upon historical return patterns, as well as current market trends in the businesses in which we operate. In connection with the estimated sales return reserves, we also include a related increase to inventory and a reduction to accrued royalties as a result of the expected returns.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The reserves are reflected in the following accounts of the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z7d4737320524432b86f39ff6819d4923" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Increase in Inventories, net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">8,585</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,739</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Decrease in Accrued royalties</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4,943</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(3,653</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Increase in Contract liability</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">33,390</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">25,934</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Print book sales return reserve net liability balance</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(19,862</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(18,542</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A one percent change in the estimated sales return rate could affect net income by approximately $1.8 million. A change in the pattern or trends in returns could affect the estimated allowance.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>31</span></div>
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</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Customer Credit Risk</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In the journal publishing business, subscriptions are primarily sourced through journal subscription agents who, acting as agents for library customers, facilitate ordering by consolidating the subscription orders/billings of each subscriber with various publishers. Cash is generally collected in advance from subscribers by the subscription agents and is principally remitted to us between the months of December and April. Although at July 31, 2019, we had minimal credit risk exposure to these agents, future calendar-year subscription receipts from these agents are highly dependent on their financial condition and liquidity. Subscription agents account for approximately 21% of total annual consolidated revenue and one affiliated group of subscription agents accounts for approximately 10% of total annual consolidated revenue.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our book business is not dependent upon a single customer; however, the industry is concentrated in national, regional, and online bookstore chains. Although no one book customer accounts for more than 8% of total annual consolidated revenue and 13% of accounts receivable at July 31, 2019, the top 10 book customers account for approximately 15% of total annual consolidated revenue and approximately 27% of accounts receivable at July 31, 2019.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We maintain approximately $25 million of trade credit insurance, covering balances due from certain named customers, subject to certain limitations and annual renewal.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Disclosure of Certain Activities Relating to Iran</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The European Union, Canada and United States have imposed sanctions on business relationships with Iran, including restrictions on financial transactions and prohibitions on direct and indirect trading with listed &#8220;designated persons.&#8221; In the three months ended July 31, 2019, we did not record any revenue or net earnings related to the sale of scientific and medical content to certain publicly funded universities, hospitals and institutions that meet the definition of the &#8220;Government of Iran&#8221; as defined under section 560.304 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations. We assessed our business relationship and transactions with Iran and believe we are in compliance with the regulations governing the sanctions. We intend to continue in these or similar sales as long as they continue to be consistent with all applicable sanction-related regulations.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="Part1Item4"><!--Anchor--></a>ITEM 4.&#160; CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, together with the Chief Accounting Officer and other members of the Company's management, have conducted an evaluation of the Company&#8217;s disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the &#8220;Exchange Act&#8221;) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms and (ii) accumulated and communicated to the Company&#8217;s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting:</span> During the three months ended July 31, 2019, we closed on the acquisition of Zyante. We excluded Zyante from the scope of management&#8217;s report on internal control over financial reporting for the three months ended July 31, 2019. We are in the process of integrating Zyante to our overall internal control over financial reporting and will include them in scope for the year ending April 30, 2020. This process may result in additions or changes to our internal control over financial reporting.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We are in the process of implementing a new global ERP that will enhance our business and financial processes and standardize our information systems. As previously disclosed, we have completed the implementation of record-to-report, purchase-to-pay and several other business processes within all locations through fiscal year 2017. We completed the implementation of order-to-cash for certain businesses in May 2018 and may continue to roll out additional processes and functionality of the ERP in phases in the foreseeable future.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As with any new information system we implement, this application, along with the internal controls over financial reporting included in this process, will require testing for effectiveness. In connection with this ERP implementation, we are updating our internal controls over financial reporting, as necessary, to accommodate modifications to our business processes and accounting procedures. We do not believe that the ERP implementation will have an adverse effect on our internal control over financial reporting.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Except as described above, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended July 31, 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>32</span></div>
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</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">PART II - OTHER INFORMATION</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="Part2Item1"><!--Anchor--></a>ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">There have been no significant developments related to legal proceedings during the three months ended July 31, 2019. For information regarding legal proceedings, see our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019 Note 18, &#8220;Commitment and Contingencies&#8221;.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="Part2Item1a"><!--Anchor--></a>ITEM 1a. RISK FACTORS</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See Part I, Item 1A, &#8220;Risk Factors,&#8221; of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019. Except as required by the federal securities law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise any risk factor, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="Part2Item2"><!--Anchor--></a>ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During the three months ended&#xA0;July 31, 2019, we made the following purchases of Class A Common Stock under our stock repurchase program:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z3c8d29b49b1a431192723db846d1ca38" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total Number</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">of Shares</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Purchased</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Average</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Price Paid</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Per Share</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total Number</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">of Shares Purchased</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">as part of a Publicly</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Announced Program</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Maximum Number</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">of Shares that May</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">be Purchased</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Under the Program</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">May 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,888,975</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">June 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">217,511</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">45.97</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">217,511</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,671,464</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">July 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,671,464</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">45.97</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">217,511</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,671,464</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="Part2Item6"><!--Anchor--></a>ITEM 6. EXHIBITS</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" id="z3100e93abb414d7f8d182def2995ff1d">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.97%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -45pt; margin-left: 45pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a href="ex31_1.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">31.1</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 91.03%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.97%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a href="ex31_2.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">31.2</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 91.03%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.97%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a href="ex32_1.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">32.1</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 91.03%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">18 U.S.C. Section 1350 Certificate by the President and Chief Executive Officer.</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.97%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a href="ex32_2.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">32.2</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 91.03%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">18 U.S.C. Section 1350 Certificate by the Chief Financial and Operations Officer.</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.97%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">101.INS</div></td>
    <td style="width: 91.03%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Inline XBRL Instance Document &#8211; the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.97%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">101.SCH</div></td>
    <td style="width: 91.03%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.97%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">101.CAL</div></td>
    <td style="width: 91.03%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.97%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">101.DEF</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.97%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">101.LAB</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 8.97%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">101.PRE</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 8.97%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">104</div></td>
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</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>33</span></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">SIGNATURES</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> </span><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" id="z1763b7bd12464321a5cc83ad38ea1190">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 47.92%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 49.19%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">JOHN WILEY &amp; SONS, INC.</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 47.92%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 49.19%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Registrant</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 47.92%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 49.19%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 47.92%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">By</div></td>
    <td style="width: 49.19%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">/s/ Brian A. Napack</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 47.92%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 49.19%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Brian A. Napack</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 47.92%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 49.19%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">President and Chief Executive Officer</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 47.92%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 49.19%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 47.92%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">By</div></td>
    <td style="width: 49.19%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">/s/ John A. Kritzmacher</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 47.92%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 49.19%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">John A. Kritzmacher</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 47.92%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 49.19%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President, Operations</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 47.92%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 49.19%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 47.92%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">By</div></td>
    <td style="width: 49.19%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">/s/ Christopher F. Caridi</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 47.92%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 49.19%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Christopher F. Caridi</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 47.92%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 49.19%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Senior Vice President, Corporate Controller and Chief Accounting Officer</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 47.92%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 49.19%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 47.92%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.89%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 49.19%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Dated: September 6, 2019</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#index" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>34</span></div>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-31.1
<SEQUENCE>2
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<DESCRIPTION>CERTIFICATION
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    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><br>
      Exhibit 31.1</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><u>CERTIFICATIONS PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002</u></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">I, Brian A. Napack, certify that:</div>
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    <div style="text-align: left;">
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              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1.</td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">
                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.;</div>
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    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
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              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2.</td>
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                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made,
                  in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;</div>
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    <div><br>
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    <div style="text-align: justify;">
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              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3.</td>
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                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial
                  condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;</div>
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        </table>
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    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
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              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4.</td>
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                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The registrant&#8217;s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act
                  Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:</div>
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    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
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        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zb5b4b835e35e4598940845901ff213cb" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

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              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">a.</td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material
                  information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;</div>
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    <div><br>
    </div>
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              <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">b.</td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide
                  reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;</div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z1c61a2e4ef1744948a7a2dea0aae2e6f" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">c.</td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant&#8217;s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the
                  disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and</div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z7de89902830c418d95823cb660afca9a" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">d.</td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant&#8217;s most recent fiscal quarter
                  (the registrant&#8217;s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting; and</div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z11b9ba7f15d3466d9d8e5362d71157bc" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">5.</td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The registrant&#8217;s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the
                  registrant&#8217;s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant&#8217;s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):</div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
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            <tr>
              <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">a.</td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to
                  adversely affect the registrant&#8217;s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and</div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z867d0dad6abe447888e2bb738606de53" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">b.</td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant&#8217;s internal control over financial
                  reporting.</div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
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        <tr>
          <td style="width: 2.8%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">By:</div>
          </td>
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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">/s/ Brian A. Napack</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 54.2%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 2.8%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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          <td style="width: 42.03%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Brian A. Napack</div>
          </td>
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        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 2.8%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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          <td style="width: 42.03%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">President and Chief Executive Officer</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 54.2%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 2.8%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 0.97%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 42.03%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 54.2%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 2.8%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 0.97%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 42.03%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">September 6, 2019</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 54.2%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-31.2
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>ex31_2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>CERTIFICATION
<TEXT>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>&#160;</title>
    <!-- Licensed to: Broadridge
         Document created using EDGARfilings PROfile 6.2.1.0
         Copyright 1995 - 2019 Broadridge -->
  </head>
<body style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">
  <div id="TRGRSegment:ea50eff3-f1b4-46ec-b417-adfaf0b0677f">
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"> <br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"> <br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Exhibit 31.2</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><u>CERTIFICATIONS PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002</u></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">I, John A. Kritzmacher, certify that:</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z9c8d22473b8f493192d289c3b4feddc3" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1.</td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">
                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.;</div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z68c0c92aea04443f88918f79f5d9fe22" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2.</td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made,
                  in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;</div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zaf96794589bc4e7995f0baf1b19e108c" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3.</td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial
                  condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;</div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z42a422f9d7be44c5a1022472101abcc3" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4.</td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The registrant&#8217;s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act
                  Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:</div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z103ae1b3c8924bbaa68f63a8844247b7" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">a.</td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material
                  information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;</div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z62a9865016d445cba4084c6f3467ef37" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">b.</td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide
                  reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;</div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z2413c0d97b334680be51f162b98be7fc" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">c.</td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant&#8217;s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the
                  disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and</div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z59937a8370c2451e8ab2f29df4449f8e" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">d.</td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant&#8217;s most recent fiscal quarter
                  (the registrant&#8217;s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting; and</div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z12101cbbedea4ca0a3371d8071cfd03a" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">5.</td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The registrant&#8217;s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the
                  registrant&#8217;s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant&#8217;s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):</div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify;">
      <div>
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="za34b2f7cee5b4deaba667918b3de4938" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

            <tr>
              <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
              <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">a.</td>
              <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
                <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to
                  adversely affect, the registrant&#8217;s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and</div>
              </td>
            </tr>

        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 54pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">b.&#160;&#160; Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in
      the registrant&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z8bcc55af662b4e47b2e331ed7365301e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 2.8%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">By:</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 0.97%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 50.11%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;">
            <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">/s/ John A. Kritzmacher</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 46.12%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 2.8%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 0.97%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 50.11%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">John A. Kritzmacher</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 46.12%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 2.8%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 0.97%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 50.11%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President, Operations</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 46.12%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 2.8%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 0.97%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 50.11%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 46.12%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 2.8%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 0.97%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 50.11%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">September 6, 2019</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 46.12%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
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</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-32.1
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>ex32_1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>CERTIFICATION
<TEXT>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>&#160;</title>
    <!-- Licensed to: Broadridge
         Document created using EDGARfilings PROfile 6.2.1.0
         Copyright 1995 - 2019 Broadridge -->
  </head>
<body style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">
  <div id="TRGRSegment:06415cdd-1e4f-40dd-b949-7e54e282e3ec">
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"> <br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"> <br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Exhibit 32.1</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO</div>
    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,</div>
    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO</div>
    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002</div>
    <div><br>
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        <link:definition>090406 - Disclosure - Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers, Remaining Performance Obligations, Assets Recognized for the Costs to Obtain or Fulfill a Contract (Details)Default</link:definition>
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        <link:definition>090600 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation (Details)</link:definition>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>9
<FILENAME>jwa-20190731_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABEL LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityInformationFormerLegalOrRegisteredName" xlink:to="dei_EntityInformationFormerLegalOrRegisteredName_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityInformationFormerLegalOrRegisteredName to dei_EntityInformationFormerLegalOrRegisteredName_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityListingsTable" xlink:label="EntityListingsTable" xlink:title="EntityListingsTable" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityListingsTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityListingsTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityListingsTable_lbl">Entity Listings [Table]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityListingsTable" xlink:to="dei_EntityListingsTable_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityListingsTable to dei_EntityListingsTable_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:title="LocalPhoneNumber" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:title="label: LocalPhoneNumber to dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:title="EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityAddressPostalZipCode to dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:title="EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="Security12bTitle" xlink:title="Security12bTitle" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:label="Security12gTitle" xlink:title="Security12gTitle" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:title="NoTradingSymbolFlag" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl">No Trading Symbol Flag</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:to="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xlink:title="label: NoTradingSymbolFlag to dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="TradingSymbol" xlink:title="TradingSymbol" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl">Trading Symbol</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:title="label: TradingSymbol to dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="SecurityExchangeName" xlink:title="SecurityExchangeName" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityListingsLineItems" xlink:label="EntityListingsLineItems" xlink:title="EntityListingsLineItems" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityListingsLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityListingsLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityListingsLineItems_lbl">Entity Listings [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityListingsLineItems" xlink:to="dei_EntityListingsLineItems_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityListingsLineItems to dei_EntityListingsLineItems_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:title="EntityCurrentReportingStatus" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl">Entity Current Reporting Status</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:to="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityCurrentReportingStatus to dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="EntityFilerCategory" xlink:title="EntityFilerCategory" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl">Entity Filer Category</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityFilerCategory" xlink:to="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityFilerCategory to dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="EntityRegistrantName" xlink:title="EntityRegistrantName" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityRegistrantName to dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:title="EntityCentralIndexKey" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityCentralIndexKey to dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:title="EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityTaxIdentificationNumber to dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:title="EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding to dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:label="DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:title="DocumentFiscalYearFocus" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl">Document Fiscal Year Focus</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xlink:title="label: DocumentFiscalYearFocus to dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:title="DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl">Document Fiscal Period Focus</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xlink:title="label: DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus to dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="DocumentType" xlink:title="DocumentType" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_DocumentType_lbl">Document Type</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:label="DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:title="DocumentQuarterlyReport" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl">Document Quarterly Report</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" xlink:title="label: DocumentQuarterlyReport to dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:label="DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:title="DocumentTransitionReport" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl">Document Transition Report</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xlink:title="label: DocumentTransitionReport to dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:label="EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:title="EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl">Entity Interactive Data Current</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="EntityFileNumber" xlink:title="EntityFileNumber" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl">Entity File Number</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:label="EntityShellCompany" xlink:title="EntityShellCompany" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl">Entity Shell Company</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:title="EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityEmergingGrowthCompany to dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:to="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntitySmallBusiness to dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_lbl">Adjustments for New Accounting Pronouncements [Axis]</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdvanceRoyaltiesNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_AdvanceRoyaltiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_AdvanceRoyaltiesNoncurrent_lbl">Royalty Advances, net</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_lbl">Share-based compensation expense</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_lbl1">Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AmortizationOfAdvanceRoyalty_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_AmortizationOfAdvanceRoyalty_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_AmortizationOfAdvanceRoyalty_lbl">Earned royalty advances</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets" xlink:label="AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets" xlink:title="AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_lbl">Amortization of intangibles</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AmortizationOfFinancingCosts" xlink:label="AmortizationOfFinancingCosts" xlink:title="AmortizationOfFinancingCosts" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AmortizationOfFinancingCosts_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_AmortizationOfFinancingCosts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_AmortizationOfFinancingCosts_lbl">Amortization expense of the lender and non-lender fees in interest expense</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis" xlink:label="AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis" xlink:title="AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_lbl">Antidilutive Securities [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis to us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareLineItems" xlink:label="AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareLineItems" xlink:title="AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareLineItems" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" xlink:label="AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" xlink:title="AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember" xlink:label="ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember" xlink:title="ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember_lbl">Content and Publishing Rights [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember to us-gaap_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:label="AssetsAbstract" xlink:title="AssetsAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_lbl">Assets:</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="Assets" xlink:to="us-gaap_Assets_lbl" xlink:title="label: Assets to us-gaap_Assets_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_Assets_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_Assets_lbl1">Assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="Assets" xlink:to="us-gaap_Assets_lbl1" xlink:title="label: Assets to us-gaap_Assets_lbl1" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsAndLiabilitiesLesseeAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_AssetsAndLiabilitiesLesseeAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_AssetsAndLiabilitiesLesseeAbstract_lbl">ROU Assets and Liabilities [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AssetsAndLiabilitiesLesseeAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsAndLiabilitiesLesseeAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: AssetsAndLiabilitiesLesseeAbstract to us-gaap_AssetsAndLiabilitiesLesseeAbstract_lbl" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_lbl1">Assets, Current</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: AssetsCurrent to us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_lbl1" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: AssetsCurrentAbstract to us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_lbl" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BaseRateMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_BaseRateMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: BaseRateMember to us-gaap_BaseRateMember_lbl" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_lbl2">Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl1">Cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl2">Cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl3" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl3" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl3">Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect_lbl1">Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents, Period Increase (Decrease), Including Exchange Rate Effect</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl1">Class B [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonClassBMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CommonClassBMember to us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl2">Common Stock Class B [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonClassBMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: CommonClassBMember to us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockMember" xlink:label="CommonStockMember" xlink:title="CommonStockMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonStockMember_lbl">Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonStockMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: CommonStockMember to us-gaap_CommonStockMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" xlink:label="CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" xlink:title="CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_lbl">Common stock dividend (in dollars per share)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_lbl" xlink:title="label: CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid to us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_lbl1">Common stock (in dollars per share)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid to us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" xlink:label="CommonClassAMember" xlink:title="CommonClassAMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl">Class A Common [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonClassAMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: CommonClassAMember to us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl1">Class A [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonClassAMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CommonClassAMember to us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl2">Common Stock Class A [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonClassAMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: CommonClassAMember to us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:title="CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl">Common Stock, par value (in dollars per share)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:title="label: CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare to us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:title="CommonStockSharesIssued" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl">Common Stock, shares issued (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:title="label: CommonStockSharesIssued to us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl1">Number of shares, beginning of year (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CommonStockSharesIssued to us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl2">Number of shares issued, end of period (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl2" xlink:title="label: CommonStockSharesIssued to us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:title="CommonStockSharesAuthorized" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl">Common Stock, shares authorized (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:title="label: CommonStockSharesAuthorized to us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:title="CommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl">Number of Common Stock outstanding, end of period (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:title="label: CommonStockSharesOutstanding to us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:label="CommonStockValue" xlink:title="CommonStockValue" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl">Common Stock</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" xlink:title="label: CommonStockValue to us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract" xlink:label="CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract" xlink:title="CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract_lbl">Retirement Plans [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract to us-gaap_CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:label="ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:title="ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl">Comprehensive Loss</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:title="label: ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax to us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl1">Comprehensive (Loss) Income, Net of Tax</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax to us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl2">Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax to us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock" xlink:label="ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock" xlink:title="ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock to us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl1">Comprehensive Income (Loss) Note [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock to us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:label="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:title="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl">Contract liability (included in Other Long-Term Liabilities)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1">Contract with Customer, Liability, Noncurrent</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" xlink:label="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" xlink:title="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_lbl">Revenue recognized from beginning contract liability</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_lbl" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract" xlink:label="ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract" xlink:title="ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract_lbl">Balances from contracts with customers [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent" xlink:title="ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent_lbl">Sales return reserve recorded in contract liability</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent_lbl1">Contract with Customer, Refund Liability, Current</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:title="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl">Contract liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl1">Contract liability</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl2">Contract with Customer, Liability, Current</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock" xlink:label="ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock" xlink:title="ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock_lbl">Contract Asset and Liability Balances</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember" xlink:label="ContractTerminationMember" xlink:title="ContractTerminationMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember_lbl">Consulting and Contract Termination Costs [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractTerminationMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ContractTerminationMember to us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember_lbl1">Contract Termination [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractTerminationMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ContractTerminationMember to us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1" xlink:label="ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1" xlink:title="ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1_lbl">Common stock class conversions and other</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1_lbl" xlink:title="label: ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1 to us-gaap_ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember" xlink:label="CorporateNonSegmentMember" xlink:title="CorporateNonSegmentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember_lbl">Corporate [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CorporateNonSegmentMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: CorporateNonSegmentMember to us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember_lbl1">Corporate Expenses [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CorporateNonSegmentMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CorporateNonSegmentMember to us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CorporateMember" xlink:label="CorporateMember" xlink:title="CorporateMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl">Corporate Expenses [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CorporateMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: CorporateMember to us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl1">Corporate Segment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CorporateMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CorporateMember to us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" xlink:label="CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" xlink:title="CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl">Cost of sales</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" xlink:to="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl" xlink:title="label: CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold to us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl1">Cost of Goods and Services Sold</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" xlink:to="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold to us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses" xlink:label="CostsAndExpenses" xlink:title="CostsAndExpenses" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl">Total Costs and Expenses</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CostsAndExpenses" xlink:to="us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl" xlink:title="label: CostsAndExpenses to us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl1">Costs and Expenses</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CostsAndExpenses" xlink:to="us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CostsAndExpenses to us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain" xlink:label="CreditFacilityDomain" xlink:title="CreditFacilityDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain_lbl">Credit Facility [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CreditFacilityDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: CreditFacilityDomain to us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:label="CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:title="CreditFacilityAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis_lbl">Credit Facility [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: CreditFacilityAxis to us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption" xlink:label="CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption" xlink:title="CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption_lbl">Adjustment Due to Adoption of New Revenue Standard</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption" xlink:to="us-gaap_CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption_lbl" xlink:title="label: CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption to us-gaap_CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption_lbl1">Cumulative Effect of New Accounting Principle in Period of Adoption</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption" xlink:to="us-gaap_CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption to us-gaap_CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember" xlink:label="CustomerRelationshipsMember" xlink:title="CustomerRelationshipsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember_lbl">Customer Relationships [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CustomerRelationshipsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: CustomerRelationshipsMember to us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:label="DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:title="DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock_lbl">Revenue from Contracts With Customers Disaggregated by Segment and Product Type</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock to us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock_lbl1">Disaggregation of Revenue [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock to us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:label="DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:title="DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems_lbl">Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems_lbl" xlink:title="label: DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems to us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:label="DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:title="DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable_lbl">Disaggregation of Revenue [Table]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable_lbl" xlink:title="label: DisaggregationOfRevenueTable to us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract" xlink:label="DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract" xlink:title="DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract_lbl">Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract_lbl1">Disaggregation of Revenue [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract to us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember" xlink:label="DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember" xlink:title="DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember_lbl">Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember to us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm" xlink:label="DebtInstrumentTerm" xlink:title="DebtInstrumentTerm" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm_lbl">Term of credit facility</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentTerm" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm_lbl" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentTerm to us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm_lbl1">Debt Instrument, Term</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentTerm" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentTerm to us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract" xlink:label="DebtDisclosureAbstract" xlink:title="DebtDisclosureAbstract" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_lbl">Credit agreement face amount</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFeeAmount" xlink:label="DebtInstrumentFeeAmount" xlink:title="DebtInstrumentFeeAmount" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFeeAmount_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFeeAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFeeAmount_lbl">Term Loan amount related to lender fees as a reduction to debt</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent" xlink:label="DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent" xlink:title="DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl">Deferred Income Tax Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent to us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl1">Deferred Tax Liabilities, Gross, Noncurrent</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent to us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet" xlink:label="DeferredFinanceCostsNet" xlink:title="DeferredFinanceCostsNet" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet_lbl">Unamortized debt issuance costs</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DeferredFinanceCostsNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DeferredFinanceCostsNet to us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet_lbl2">Debt Issuance Costs, Net</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanActuarialGainLossImmediateRecognitionAsComponentInNetPeriodicBenefitCostCredit" xlink:label="DefinedBenefitPlanActuarialGainLossImmediateRecognitionAsComponentInNetPeriodicBenefitCostCredit" xlink:title="DefinedBenefitPlanActuarialGainLossImmediateRecognitionAsComponentInNetPeriodicBenefitCostCredit" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanActuarialGainLossImmediateRecognitionAsComponentInNetPeriodicBenefitCostCredit_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanActuarialGainLossImmediateRecognitionAsComponentInNetPeriodicBenefitCostCredit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanActuarialGainLossImmediateRecognitionAsComponentInNetPeriodicBenefitCostCredit_lbl">Pension plan actuarial loss</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanAdministrativeExpenses_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanAdministrativeExpenses_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanAdministrativeExpenses_lbl">Expense for employer defined contribution plans</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount" xlink:label="DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount" xlink:title="DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount_lbl">Discretionary contribution</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount_lbl1">Defined Contribution Plan, Employer Discretionary Contribution Amount</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount to us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount_lbl1" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses_lbl">Unrecognized net actuarial loss</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses" xlink:to="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses to us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCredit" xlink:label="DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCredit" xlink:title="DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCredit" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanContributionsByEmployer" xlink:label="DefinedBenefitPlanContributionsByEmployer" xlink:title="DefinedBenefitPlanContributionsByEmployer" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanContributionsByEmployer_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanContributionsByEmployer_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanContributionsByEmployer_lbl1">Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Contributions by Employer</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostAbstract" xlink:label="DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostAbstract" xlink:title="DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostAbstract_lbl">Defined benefit plans, net pension expense (income) [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets_lbl">Expected return on plan assets</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets_lbl1">Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Return (Loss) on Plan Assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets to us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets_lbl1" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain_lbl">Fair Value, Measurement Frequency [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain to us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain_lbl" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" xlink:label="FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" xlink:title="FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" xlink:label="FairValueInputsLevel2Member" xlink:title="FairValueInputsLevel2Member" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_lbl">Level 2 [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FederalFundsEffectiveSwapRateMember" xlink:label="FederalFundsEffectiveSwapRateMember" xlink:title="FederalFundsEffectiveSwapRateMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FederalFundsEffectiveSwapRateMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_FederalFundsEffectiveSwapRateMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_FederalFundsEffectiveSwapRateMember_lbl">Federal Funds Effective Rate [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="FederalFundsEffectiveSwapRateMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_FederalFundsEffectiveSwapRateMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: FederalFundsEffectiveSwapRateMember to us-gaap_FederalFundsEffectiveSwapRateMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FederalFundsEffectiveSwapRateMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_FederalFundsEffectiveSwapRateMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_FederalFundsEffectiveSwapRateMember_lbl1">Fed Funds Effective Rate Overnight Index Swap Rate [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="FinancialInstrumentAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: FinancialInstrumentAxis to us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:label="FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:title="FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_lbl">Total</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_lbl1">Identifiable intangible assets acquired</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_lbl2">Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_lbl2" xlink:title="label: FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet to us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsMajorClassNameDomain" xlink:label="FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsMajorClassNameDomain" xlink:title="FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsMajorClassNameDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsMajorClassNameDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsMajorClassNameDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsMajorClassNameDomain_lbl">Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Major Class Name [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsMajorClassNameDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsMajorClassNameDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsMajorClassNameDomain to us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsMajorClassNameDomain_lbl" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract_lbl">Intangible Assets with Determinable Lives, net [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract_lbl1">Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsLineItems_lbl" xlink:title="label: FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsLineItems to us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsLineItems_lbl" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_lbl1">General and Administrative Expense [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassLineItems_lbl">Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_lbl">Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets [Axis]</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionDomain_lbl">Initial Application Period Cumulative Effect Transition [Domain]</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsGrossExcludingGoodwillAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsGrossExcludingGoodwillAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsGrossExcludingGoodwillAbstract_lbl">Intangible assets (excluding goodwill) [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IntangibleAssetsGrossExcludingGoodwillAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsGrossExcludingGoodwillAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: IntangibleAssetsGrossExcludingGoodwillAbstract to us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsGrossExcludingGoodwillAbstract_lbl" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill_lbl1">Intangible Assets, net</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill_lbl2">Intangible Assets, Net (Excluding Goodwill)</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestAndOtherIncome_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_InterestAndOtherIncome_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InterestAndOtherIncome_lbl">Interest and Other Income</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InterestAndOtherIncome" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestAndOtherIncome_lbl" xlink:title="label: InterestAndOtherIncome to us-gaap_InterestAndOtherIncome_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestAndOtherIncome_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InterestAndOtherIncome_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InterestAndOtherIncome_lbl1">Interest and Other Income</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InterestAndOtherIncome" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestAndOtherIncome_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InterestAndOtherIncome to us-gaap_InterestAndOtherIncome_lbl1" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestExpense_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InterestExpense_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InterestExpense_lbl1">Interest Expense</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InterestExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestExpense_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InterestExpense to us-gaap_InterestExpense_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InterestPaidNet" xlink:label="InterestPaidNet" xlink:title="InterestPaidNet" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestPaidNet_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InterestPaidNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InterestPaidNet_lbl">Interest</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InterestPaidNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestPaidNet_lbl" xlink:title="label: InterestPaidNet to us-gaap_InterestPaidNet_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember" xlink:label="InterestIncomeMember" xlink:title="InterestIncomeMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl">Interest and Other Income [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl1">Interest Income [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InterestIncomeMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InterestIncomeMember to us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl1" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl">LIFO reserve</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryLIFOReserve" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl" xlink:title="label: InventoryLIFOReserve to us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl1">Inventory, LIFO Reserve</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryLIFOReserve" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InventoryLIFOReserve to us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:label="InventoryNet" xlink:title="InventoryNet" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl">Inventories, net</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl" xlink:title="label: InventoryNet to us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl1">Total inventories</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InventoryNet to us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl2">Inventory, Net</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl2" xlink:title="label: InventoryNet to us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:label="InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:title="InventoryWorkInProcess" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl">Work-in-process</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl" xlink:title="label: InventoryWorkInProcess to us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl1">Inventory, Work in Process, Gross</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InventoryWorkInProcess to us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" xlink:label="LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" xlink:title="LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl">LIBOR [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember to us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl1">London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember to us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_lbl">Operating Leases</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive_lbl">Thereafter</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive_lbl" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour_lbl">2023</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive_lbl">2024</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive_lbl" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl">Total undiscounted lease payments</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl1">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Payments, Due</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_lbl">Reconciliation of Undiscounted Cash Flows to Operating Lease Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_lbl1">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Maturity [Table Text Block]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescriptionAbstract" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeaseDescriptionAbstract" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeaseDescriptionAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescriptionAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescriptionAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescriptionAbstract_lbl">Other Supplemental Information [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear_lbl">2020 (remaining 9 months)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear_lbl" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl">Less: Imputed interest</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_lbl">2022</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_lbl">2021</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount" xlink:label="LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount" xlink:title="LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount_lbl">Variable rate loans outstanding</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount_lbl" xlink:title="label: LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount to us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LeaseCostAbstract" xlink:label="LeaseCostAbstract" xlink:title="LeaseCostAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseCostAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LeaseCostAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LeaseCostAbstract_lbl">Net Lease Costs [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LeaseCostAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LeaseCostAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: LeaseCostAbstract to us-gaap_LeaseCostAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LeaseCost" xlink:label="LeaseCost" xlink:title="LeaseCost" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl">Total net lease cost</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LeaseCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl" xlink:title="label: LeaseCost to us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl1">Lease, Cost</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LeaseCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LeaseCost to us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock" xlink:label="LeaseCostTableTextBlock" xlink:title="LeaseCostTableTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl">Total Net Lease Costs</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LeaseCostTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: LeaseCostTableTextBlock to us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl1">Lease, Cost [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LeaseCostTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LeaseCostTableTextBlock to us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LeasesAbstract" xlink:label="LeasesAbstract" xlink:title="LeasesAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeasesAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LeasesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LeasesAbstract_lbl">Operating Leases [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LeasesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LeasesAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: LeasesAbstract to us-gaap_LeasesAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:title="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl">Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity:</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract to us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl1">Liabilities and Equity [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract to us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:label="Liabilities" xlink:title="Liabilities" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl">Total Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="Liabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xlink:title="label: Liabilities to us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl1">Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="Liabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl1" xlink:title="label: Liabilities to us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:label="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:title="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl">Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:title="label: LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity to us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl1">Liabilities and Equity</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity to us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:label="LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:title="LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl">Current Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract to us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:title="LiabilitiesCurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl">Total Current Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: LiabilitiesCurrent to us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl1">Liabilities, Current</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LiabilitiesCurrent to us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable" xlink:label="LineOfCreditFacilityTable" xlink:title="LineOfCreditFacilityTable" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable_lbl">Line of Credit Facility [Table]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LineOfCreditFacilityTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable_lbl" xlink:title="label: LineOfCreditFacilityTable to us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:label="LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:title="LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems_lbl">Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems_lbl" xlink:title="label: LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems to us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCredit" xlink:label="LineOfCredit" xlink:title="LineOfCredit" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl">Outstanding borrowings under revolving credit facilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LineOfCredit" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl" xlink:title="label: LineOfCredit to us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl1">Long-term Line of Credit</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LineOfCredit" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LineOfCredit to us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1" xlink:label="LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1" xlink:title="LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1_lbl">Line of credit facility, due date</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1_lbl" xlink:title="label: LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1 to us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis" xlink:label="LineOfCreditFacilityAxis" xlink:title="LineOfCreditFacilityAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_lbl">Lender Name [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LineOfCreditFacilityAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: LineOfCreditFacilityAxis to us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage" xlink:label="LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage" xlink:title="LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage_lbl">Line of credit facility fee percentage</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage_lbl" xlink:title="label: LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage to us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage_lbl1">Line of Credit Facility, Commitment Fee Percentage</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage to us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:label="LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:title="LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl">Aggregate principal amount</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xlink:title="label: LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity to us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl1">Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity to us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain" xlink:label="LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain" xlink:title="LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain_lbl">Line of Credit Facility, Lender [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain to us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermDebt" xlink:label="LongTermDebt" xlink:title="LongTermDebt" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermDebt_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LongTermDebt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LongTermDebt_lbl">Total debt outstanding</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LongTermDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongTermDebt_lbl" xlink:title="label: LongTermDebt to us-gaap_LongTermDebt_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermDebt_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LongTermDebt_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LongTermDebt_lbl1">Long-term debt</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LongTermDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongTermDebt_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LongTermDebt to us-gaap_LongTermDebt_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent" xlink:label="LongTermDebtNoncurrent" xlink:title="LongTermDebtNoncurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl">Long-Term Debt</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LongTermDebtNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: LongTermDebtNoncurrent to us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl1">Long-term debt, non-current</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LongTermDebtNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LongTermDebtNoncurrent to us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl1" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember_lbl1">Noncompete Agreements [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NoncompeteAgreementsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: NoncompeteAgreementsMember to us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NondesignatedMember" xlink:label="NondesignatedMember" xlink:title="NondesignatedMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_NondesignatedMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_NondesignatedMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_NondesignatedMember_lbl">Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NondesignatedMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_NondesignatedMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: NondesignatedMember to us-gaap_NondesignatedMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" xlink:label="OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" xlink:title="OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent_lbl">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent_lbl" xlink:title="label: OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent to us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent_lbl1">OCI, before Reclassifications, Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent to us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilitiesPaymentsDueAbstract" xlink:label="OperatingLeaseLiabilitiesPaymentsDueAbstract" xlink:title="OperatingLeaseLiabilitiesPaymentsDueAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilitiesPaymentsDueAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilitiesPaymentsDueAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilitiesPaymentsDueAbstract_lbl">Reconciliation of Undiscounted Cash Flows to Operating Lease Liabilities [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseLiabilitiesPaymentsDueAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilitiesPaymentsDueAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseLiabilitiesPaymentsDueAbstract to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilitiesPaymentsDueAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" xlink:label="OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" xlink:title="OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_lbl">Weighted-average remaining contractual lease term, operating leases</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1 to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:label="OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:title="OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl">Costs and Expenses</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract to us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl1">Cost of revenue [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract to us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl2">Operating Costs and Expenses [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract to us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:label="OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:title="OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl">Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl1">Operating Lease Right-Of-Use Assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl2">ROU assets at adoption</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:label="OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:title="OperatingLeaseCost" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_lbl">Operating lease cost</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseCost to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember" xlink:label="OperatingSegmentsMember" xlink:title="OperatingSegmentsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember_lbl">Operating Segments [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingSegmentsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingSegmentsMember to us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" xlink:label="OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" xlink:title="OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_lbl">Weighted-average discount rate, operating leases</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:label="OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:title="OperatingIncomeLoss" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl">Operating Income</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingIncomeLoss to us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl1">Operating Income</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OperatingIncomeLoss to us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl2">Operating Income (Loss)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OperatingIncomeLoss to us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:title="OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl">Short-term portion of operating lease liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl1">Less: Current portion</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl2">Short-term portion of operating lease liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:label="OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:title="OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl">Operating Lease Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1">Noncurrent portion</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl2">Operating Lease Liabilities, non-current</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments" xlink:label="OperatingLeasePayments" xlink:title="OperatingLeasePayments" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments_lbl">Operating cash flows from operating leases</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeasePayments" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeasePayments to us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:label="OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:title="OperatingLeaseLiability" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl">Present value of minimum lease payments</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseLiability to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl1">Operating lease liabilities at adoption</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseLiability to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl2">Operating Lease, Liability</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNoncurrentLiabilitiesMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OtherNoncurrentLiabilitiesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OtherNoncurrentLiabilitiesMember_lbl">Other Long-Term Liabilities [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherCurrentLiabilitiesMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OtherCurrentLiabilitiesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OtherCurrentLiabilitiesMember_lbl">Other Accrued Liabilities [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherCurrentLiabilitiesMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OtherCurrentLiabilitiesMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OtherCurrentLiabilitiesMember_lbl1">Other Current Liabilities [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OtherCurrentLiabilitiesMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherCurrentLiabilitiesMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OtherCurrentLiabilitiesMember to us-gaap_OtherCurrentLiabilitiesMember_lbl1" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_lbl">Other non-cash charges (credits)</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_lbl1">Other Noncash Income (Expense)</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:label="OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:title="OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax_lbl">Unamortized retirement costs, tax (expense) of $(2,180) and $(2,488), respectively</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodTax" xlink:label="OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodTax" xlink:title="OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodTax" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:label="OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:title="OtherAssetsNoncurrent" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:label="OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:title="OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:title="OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock to us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock" xlink:label="PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock" xlink:title="PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock_lbl">Cash dividends</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock_lbl" xlink:title="label: PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock to us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock_lbl1">Cash dividends</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock to us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock_lbl2">Payments of Ordinary Dividends, Common Stock</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock_lbl2" xlink:title="label: PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock to us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" xlink:label="PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" xlink:title="PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_lbl">Businesses acquired in purchase transaction, net of cash acquired</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_lbl" xlink:title="label: PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired to us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_lbl1">Fair value of cash consideration transferred, net of cash acquired</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired to us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets" xlink:label="PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets" xlink:title="PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets_lbl">Acquisitions of publication rights and other</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets_lbl" xlink:title="label: PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets to us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets_lbl1">Payments to Acquire Intangible Assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets to us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring" xlink:label="PaymentsForRestructuring" xlink:title="PaymentsForRestructuring" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_lbl">Payments</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsForRestructuring" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_lbl" xlink:title="label: PaymentsForRestructuring to us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_lbl1">Payments for Restructuring</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsForRestructuring" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PaymentsForRestructuring to us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts" xlink:label="PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts" xlink:title="PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts_lbl">Payment of debt issuance costs</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts_lbl" xlink:title="label: PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts to us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts_lbl1">Payments of Debt Issuance Costs</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts to us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" xlink:label="PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" xlink:title="PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_lbl">Payment to acquire business, gross</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_lbl" xlink:title="label: PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross to us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_lbl1">Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross to us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:title="PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl">Additions to technology, property and equipment</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:title="label: PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment to us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl1">Payments to Acquire Property, Plant, and Equipment</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment to us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:title="PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl">Retirement Plans</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock to us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl1">Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits Disclosure [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock to us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember" xlink:label="PerformanceSharesMember" xlink:title="PerformanceSharesMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl">Performance-based Stock Awards [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PerformanceSharesMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: PerformanceSharesMember to us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl1">Performance Share Units [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PerformanceSharesMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PerformanceSharesMember to us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:title="PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl">Preferred Stock, par value (in dollars per share)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:title="label: PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare to us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:title="PreferredStockSharesIssued" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_lbl">Preferred Stock, shares issued (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:title="label: PreferredStockSharesIssued to us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:label="PreferredStockValue" xlink:title="PreferredStockValue" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl">Preferred Stock, $1 par value: Authorized - 2 million, Issued 0</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PreferredStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl" xlink:title="label: PreferredStockValue to us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl1">Preferred Stock, Value, Issued</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PreferredStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PreferredStockValue to us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:title="PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_lbl">Preferred Stock, shares authorized (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:title="label: PreferredStockSharesAuthorized to us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:title="PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent to us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl1">Prepaid Expense and Other Assets, Current</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent to us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl1" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember_lbl">Prepaid and Other Current Assets [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember_lbl1">Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustment_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustment_lbl">Prior period reclassification adjustment</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustment_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustment_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustment_lbl1">Prior Period Reclassification Adjustment</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract" xlink:label="PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract" xlink:title="PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract_lbl">Prior Period Adjustments [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract to us-gaap_PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract_lbl" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts_lbl">Change in book overdrafts</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:label="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:title="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl">Technology, Property and Equipment, net</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xlink:title="label: PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet to us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl1">Property, Plant and Equipment, Net</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet to us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl1" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeDomain_lbl">Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Domain]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" xlink:label="ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" xlink:title="ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent_lbl">Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeTable" xlink:label="ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeTable" xlink:title="ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeTable" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLineItems_lbl">Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeAxis" xlink:label="ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeAxis" xlink:title="ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeAxis_lbl">Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeAxis to us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:label="ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:title="ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl">Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember to us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl1">Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember to us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl1" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLongTermDebt_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLongTermDebt_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLongTermDebt_lbl1">Repayments of Long-term Debt</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestrictedStockSharesIssuedNetOfSharesForTaxWithholdings" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestrictedStockSharesIssuedNetOfSharesForTaxWithholdings_lbl" xlink:title="label: RestrictedStockSharesIssuedNetOfSharesForTaxWithholdings to us-gaap_RestrictedStockSharesIssuedNetOfSharesForTaxWithholdings_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedStockSharesIssuedNetOfSharesForTaxWithholdings_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_RestrictedStockSharesIssuedNetOfSharesForTaxWithholdings_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_RestrictedStockSharesIssuedNetOfSharesForTaxWithholdings_lbl1">Restricted Stock, Shares Issued Net of Shares for Tax Withholdings</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1_lbl" xlink:title="label: RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1 to us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1_lbl1">Restructuring and Related Cost, Cost Incurred to Date</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1_lbl1" xlink:title="label: RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1 to us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1_lbl1" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestructuringCharges_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_RestructuringCharges_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_RestructuringCharges_lbl1">Restructuring Charges</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestructuringReserve_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_RestructuringReserve_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_RestructuringReserve_lbl">Restructuring liability, end of period</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringReserve" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestructuringReserve_lbl" xlink:title="label: RestructuringReserve to us-gaap_RestructuringReserve_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestructuringReserve_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_RestructuringReserve_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_RestructuringReserve_lbl1">Restructuring liability, beginning of period</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestructuringReserve_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_RestructuringReserve_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_RestructuringReserve_lbl2">Restructuring Reserve</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringReserve" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestructuringReserve_lbl2" xlink:title="label: RestructuringReserve to us-gaap_RestructuringReserve_lbl2" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis_lbl">Restructuring Plan [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringPlanAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: RestructuringPlanAxis to us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RestructuringPlanDomain" xlink:label="RestructuringPlanDomain" xlink:title="RestructuringPlanDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestructuringPlanDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_RestructuringPlanDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_RestructuringPlanDomain_lbl">Restructuring Plan [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringPlanDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestructuringPlanDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: RestructuringPlanDomain to us-gaap_RestructuringPlanDomain_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems" xlink:label="RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems" xlink:title="RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems_lbl">Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems_lbl" xlink:title="label: RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems to us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract" xlink:title="RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract_lbl">Restructuring and Related Charges [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract to us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract_lbl" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAdjustment_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAdjustment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAdjustment_lbl">Foreign translation</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAdjustment_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAdjustment_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAdjustment_lbl1">Restructuring Reserve, Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringReserveTranslationAdjustment" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAdjustment_lbl1" xlink:title="label: RestructuringReserveTranslationAdjustment to us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAdjustment_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract" xlink:label="RestructuringChargesAbstract" xlink:title="RestructuringChargesAbstract" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringChargesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: RestructuringChargesAbstract to us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract_lbl1">Restructuring Charges [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringChargesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: RestructuringChargesAbstract to us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward" xlink:label="RestructuringReserveRollForward" xlink:title="RestructuringReserveRollForward" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward_lbl">Activity for Restructuring and Related Charges Liability [Roll Forward]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringReserveRollForward" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward_lbl" xlink:title="label: RestructuringReserveRollForward to us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward_lbl1">Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringReserveRollForward" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward_lbl1" xlink:title="label: RestructuringReserveRollForward to us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward_lbl1" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock" xlink:label="RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock" xlink:title="RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl">Diluted (in shares)</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl1">Shares used for diluted earnings per share (in shares)</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl2">Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Diluted</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic_lbl" xlink:title="label: WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic to us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-2019-01-31.xsd#srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain" xlink:label="ConsolidationItemsDomain" xlink:title="ConsolidationItemsDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain_lbl">Consolidation Items [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ConsolidationItemsDomain" xlink:to="srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: ConsolidationItemsDomain to srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-2019-01-31.xsd#srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis" xlink:label="ConsolidationItemsAxis" xlink:title="ConsolidationItemsAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis_lbl">Consolidation Items [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ConsolidationItemsAxis" xlink:to="srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: ConsolidationItemsAxis to srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-2019-01-31.xsd#srt_MaximumMember" xlink:label="MaximumMember" xlink:title="MaximumMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_MaximumMember_lbl">Maximum [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="MaximumMember" xlink:to="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: MaximumMember to srt_MaximumMember_lbl" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_MinimumMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_MinimumMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_MinimumMember_lbl">Minimum [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-2019-01-31.xsd#srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:label="ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:title="ProductsAndServicesDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain_lbl">Product and Service [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:to="srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: ProductsAndServicesDomain to srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-2019-01-31.xsd#srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:label="ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:title="ProductOrServiceAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl">Product and Service [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:to="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: ProductOrServiceAxis to srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_RangeMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_RangeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_RangeMember_lbl">Range [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RangeMember" xlink:to="srt_RangeMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: RangeMember to srt_RangeMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-2019-01-31.xsd#srt_RangeAxis" xlink:label="RangeAxis" xlink:title="RangeAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_RangeAxis_lbl">Range [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RangeAxis" xlink:to="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: RangeAxis to srt_RangeAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract" xlink:label="ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract" xlink:title="ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract_lbl1">Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_BrandsMember" xlink:label="BrandsMember" xlink:title="BrandsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl">Unique design, sign, symbol, words, or a combination of these, employed in creating an image that identifies a product and differentiates it from its competitors.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BrandsMember" xlink:to="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: BrandsMember to jwa_BrandsMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl1">Brands [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BrandsMember" xlink:to="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: BrandsMember to jwa_BrandsMember_lbl1" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BrandsMember" xlink:to="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: BrandsMember to jwa_BrandsMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment" xlink:label="IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment" xlink:title="IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment_lbl">Amount of assets, net of accumulated impairment, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance and having a projected indefinite period of benefit.</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock" xlink:label="ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock" xlink:title="ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAndIssuedAccountingStandardsAbstract" xlink:label="RecentlyAdoptedAndIssuedAccountingStandardsAbstract" xlink:title="RecentlyAdoptedAndIssuedAccountingStandardsAbstract" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:label="ProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:title="ProductDevelopmentAssets" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" xlink:label="RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" xlink:title="RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl">Restructuring charges for research and professional development, net of related reversal of severance provisions previously recorded by the Company.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" xlink:to="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl" xlink:title="label: RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits to jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl1">Restructuring and related (credits) charges</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" xlink:to="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl1" xlink:title="label: RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits to jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl2">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" xlink:to="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl2" xlink:title="label: RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits to jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl2" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl3" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl3" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl3">Restructuring charges (credits)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" xlink:to="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl3" xlink:title="label: RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits to jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl3" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract_lbl1">Share based compensation data for awards granted by the Company [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract_lbl2">Restricted stock data for awards granted by the Company [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets_lbl">The period of time during which certain financial performance-based targets must be achieved in order to trigger payment of performance-based restricted stock awards under the terms of the long-term incentive plans, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets_lbl" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets_lbl1">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Period for achievement of performance-based targets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets_lbl1" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract" xlink:label="CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract" xlink:title="CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract_lbl1">Cash Paid During Period For [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract to jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract_lbl2">Cash Paid During the Period for:</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract_lbl2" xlink:title="label: CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract to jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther" xlink:label="ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther" xlink:title="ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl">The cash outflow or inflow resulting from the exercise of employee stock options and other.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther" xlink:to="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl" xlink:title="label: ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther to jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl1">Proceeds from (Payments for) Exercise of Stock Options and Other</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther" xlink:to="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther to jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl2">Net (payments) proceeds from exercise of stock options and other</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther" xlink:to="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther to jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:label="AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:title="AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl">The charge against earnings in the period representing the amortization of product development assets, which consist of composition costs and royalty advances to authors.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:to="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" xlink:title="label: AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets to jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1">Amortization of Product Development Assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:to="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xlink:title="label: AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets to jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2">Amortization of product development assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:to="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" xlink:title="label: AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets to jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:label="AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:title="AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl">The cash outflow for book composition and other product development spending.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:to="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" xlink:title="label: AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets to jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1">Additions To Product Development Assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:to="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xlink:title="label: AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets to jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2">Product development spending</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:to="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" xlink:title="label: AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets to jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_PublishingMember" xlink:label="PublishingMember" xlink:title="PublishingMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl">A segment of the entity, which provides scientific, professional development, and education books and related content, as well as test preparation services and course workflow tools, to libraries, corporations, students, professionals, and researchers.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: PublishingMember to jwa_PublishingMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl1">Publishing [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PublishingMember to jwa_PublishingMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl2">Publishing [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_PublishingMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: PublishingMember to jwa_PublishingMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_SolutionsMember" xlink:label="SolutionsMember" xlink:title="SolutionsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl">A segment of the entity, which provides online graduate degree program management services for higher education institutions and learning, development, and assessment services for businesses and professionals.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SolutionsMember" xlink:to="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: SolutionsMember to jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl1">Solutions [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SolutionsMember" xlink:to="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: SolutionsMember to jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl2">Solutions [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SolutionsMember" xlink:to="jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: SolutionsMember to jwa_SolutionsMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_ResearchSegmentMember" xlink:label="ResearchSegmentMember" xlink:title="ResearchSegmentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl">A segment of the entity, which provides scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly journals, as well as related content and services, for academic, corporate, and government libraries, learned societies, and individual researchers and other professionals.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ResearchSegmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ResearchSegmentMember to jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl1">Research segment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ResearchSegmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ResearchSegmentMember to jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl2">Research [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ResearchSegmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ResearchSegmentMember to jwa_ResearchSegmentMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember" xlink:label="ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember" xlink:title="ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember_lbl">A segment of the entity, which provides scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly journals, as well as related content and services, for academic, corporate, and government libraries, learned societies, and individual researchers and other professionals.</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember_lbl1">Research Publishing and Platforms Segment [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" xlink:label="EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" xlink:title="EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember_lbl">A segment of the entity, which consists of the former Publishing businesses plus the Corporate Learning and Professional Assessment businesses.</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember" xlink:label="EducationServicesSegmentMember" xlink:title="EducationServicesSegmentMember" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember" xlink:label="AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember" xlink:title="AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxActAndForeignCourtDecisionAndTaxRateChange" xlink:label="EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxActAndForeignCourtDecisionAndTaxRateChange" xlink:title="EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxActAndForeignCourtDecisionAndTaxRateChange" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxActAndForeignCourtDecisionAndTaxRateChange_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxActAndForeignCourtDecisionAndTaxRateChange_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxActAndForeignCourtDecisionAndTaxRateChange_lbl2">Effective tax rate excluding the impact of restructuring and impairment charges</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_IncomeTaxDisclosureTable" xlink:label="IncomeTaxDisclosureTable" xlink:title="IncomeTaxDisclosureTable" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_IncomeTaxDisclosureLineItems" xlink:label="IncomeTaxDisclosureLineItems" xlink:title="IncomeTaxDisclosureLineItems" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncomeTaxDisclosureLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_IncomeTaxDisclosureLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncomeTaxDisclosureLineItems_lbl">Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncomeTaxDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="jwa_IncomeTaxDisclosureLineItems_lbl1" xlink:title="label: IncomeTaxDisclosureLineItems to jwa_IncomeTaxDisclosureLineItems_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxAct" xlink:label="EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxAct" xlink:title="EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxAct" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxAct_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxAct_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxAct_lbl">Percentage of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations, excluding the impact of non-recurring items from the Tax Act.</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxAct_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxAct_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxAct_lbl2">Effective Tax Rate excluding the impact of non-recurring items from the Tax Act</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefitDiscreteItems" xlink:label="IncomeTaxExpenseBenefitDiscreteItems" xlink:title="IncomeTaxExpenseBenefitDiscreteItems" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefitDiscreteItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefitDiscreteItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefitDiscreteItems_lbl">Amount of income tax expense (benefit) related to discrete items pertaining to continuing operations.</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncomeTaxExpenseBenefitDiscreteItems" xlink:to="jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefitDiscreteItems_lbl1" xlink:title="label: IncomeTaxExpenseBenefitDiscreteItems to jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefitDiscreteItems_lbl1" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncomeTaxExpenseBenefitDiscreteItems" xlink:to="jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefitDiscreteItems_lbl2" xlink:title="label: IncomeTaxExpenseBenefitDiscreteItems to jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefitDiscreteItems_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate" xlink:label="DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate" xlink:title="DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate_lbl">Term of the interest rate that fluctuates over time based on an underlying benchmark interest rate or index, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:label="April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:title="April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1">April 2016 Interest Rate Swap Variable Rate Loans [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:to="jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember to jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2">April 2016 Interest Rate Swap (Variable Rate Loans) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:to="jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember to jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:label="June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:title="June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl">Forward based contracts dated June 2019 in which two parties agree to swap periodic payments that are fixed at the outset of the swap contract with variable payments based on a market interest rate (index rate) over a specified period. This interest rate swap agreement fixed a portion of the variable interest due on the variable rate loans outstanding.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:to="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember to jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1">June2019 Interest Rate Swap Variable Rate Loans [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:to="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember to jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2">June 2019 Interest Rate Swap (Variable Rate Loans) [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss" xlink:label="ContributionToProfitLoss" xlink:title="ContributionToProfitLoss" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss_lbl">Direct contribution to profit minus allocated shared services and administrative costs.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContributionToProfitLoss" xlink:to="jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss_lbl" xlink:title="label: ContributionToProfitLoss to jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss_lbl1">Contribution to Profit (Loss)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContributionToProfitLoss" xlink:to="jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ContributionToProfitLoss to jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss_lbl2">Contribution to Profit</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContributionToProfitLoss" xlink:to="jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ContributionToProfitLoss to jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:label="AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:title="AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss_lbl">The net adjusted result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss_lbl1">Adjusted Operating Income (Loss)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="jwa_AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss_lbl1" xlink:title="label: AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss to jwa_AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss_lbl2">Adjusted Operating Income</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="jwa_AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss_lbl2" xlink:title="label: AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss to jwa_AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:label="AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:title="AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization_lbl">Adjusted earnings before interest taxes depreciation and amortization (EBITDA).</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization_lbl1">Adjusted Earnings Before Interest Taxes Depreciation And Amortization</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:to="jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization_lbl1" xlink:title="label: AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization to jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization_lbl2">Adjusted EBITDA</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:to="jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization_lbl2" xlink:title="label: AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization to jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:label="AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:title="AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl">The aggregate total of adjusted expenses of managing and administering the affairs of an entity, including affiliates of the reporting entity, which are not directly or indirectly associated with the manufacture, sale or creation of a product or product line.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:to="jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xlink:title="label: AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense to jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl1">Adjusted General and Administrative Expense</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:to="jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl1" xlink:title="label: AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense to jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl2">Adjusted Corporate Expenses</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:to="jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl2" xlink:title="label: AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense to jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss" xlink:label="AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss" xlink:title="AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss_lbl">Adjusted direct contribution to profit minus allocated shared services and administrative costs.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss" xlink:to="jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss_lbl" xlink:title="label: AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss to jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss_lbl1">Adjusted Contribution to Profit (Loss)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss" xlink:to="jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss_lbl1" xlink:title="label: AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss to jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss_lbl2">Adjusted Contribution to Profit</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss" xlink:to="jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss_lbl2" xlink:title="label: AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss to jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:title="RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl">Disclosure of accounting policy pertaining to recently adopted accounting pronouncements that may impact the entity's financial reporting.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock to jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl1">Recently Adopted Accounting Standards [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock to jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl2">Recently Adopted Accounting Standards</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:title="label: RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock to jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns" xlink:label="InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns" xlink:title="InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl">Amount of inventory reserves for estimated sales returns.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns" xlink:to="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl" xlink:title="label: InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns to jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl1">Inventory, Reserve for Estimated Sales Returns</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns" xlink:to="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns to jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl2">Inventory value of estimated sales returns</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns" xlink:to="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl2" xlink:title="label: InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns to jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard" xlink:label="RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard" xlink:title="RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl">Amount of impact of adoption new lease standard associated with exit or disposal activities pursuant to an authorized plan.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard" xlink:to="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl" xlink:title="label: RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard to jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl1">Restructuring Reserve Adoption Of New Standard</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard" xlink:to="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl1" xlink:title="label: RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard to jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl2">Adoption of new lease standard</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard" xlink:to="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl2" xlink:title="label: RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard to jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" xlink:label="RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" xlink:title="RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl">The entity announced a program (the "Restructuring and Reinvestment Program") to restructure and realign the Company's cost base with current and anticipated future market conditions.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" xlink:to="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember to jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl1">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" xlink:to="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember to jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" xlink:label="BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" xlink:title="BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl">The multi-year program the entity announced to drive efficiency improvement and operating savings.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" xlink:to="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: BusinessOptimizationProgramMember to jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl1">Business Optimization Program [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" xlink:to="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: BusinessOptimizationProgramMember to jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl2">Business Optimization Program [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" xlink:to="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: BusinessOptimizationProgramMember to jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember" xlink:label="OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember" xlink:title="OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl">Operating lease right-of-use asset impairment of a contract associated with exit from or disposal of business activities or restructurings pursuant to a plan.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember to jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl1">Operating Lease Right-of-use Asset Impairment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember to jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl2">Operating Lease Right-of-use Asset Impairment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember to jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" xlink:label="PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" xlink:title="PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl">Revenue by product/service deriving from publishing technology services (Atypon).</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" xlink:to="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember to jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl1">Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" xlink:to="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember to jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl2">Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" xlink:to="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember to jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_EducationPublishingMember" xlink:label="EducationPublishingMember" xlink:title="EducationPublishingMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl">Revenue by product/service deriving from education publishing.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EducationPublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: EducationPublishingMember to jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl1">Education Publishing [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EducationPublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: EducationPublishingMember to jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl2">Education Publishing [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EducationPublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: EducationPublishingMember to jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember" xlink:label="LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember" xlink:title="LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl">Publishing revenue from licensing, distribution, advertising and other products/services.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember" xlink:to="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember to jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl1">Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember" xlink:to="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember to jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl2">Licensing, Distribution, Advertising and Other [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember" xlink:to="jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember to jwa_LicensingDistributionAdvertisingAndOtherMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" xlink:label="OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" xlink:title="OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl">The administration component of the entity's shared in online program management.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" xlink:to="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember to jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl1">Online Program Management (Deltak) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" xlink:to="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember to jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl2">Education Services [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" xlink:to="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember to jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_OpenAccessMember" xlink:label="OpenAccessMember" xlink:title="OpenAccessMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl">Revenue by product/service deriving from open access.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OpenAccessMember" xlink:to="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: OpenAccessMember to jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl1">Open Access [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OpenAccessMember" xlink:to="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OpenAccessMember to jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl2">Open Access [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OpenAccessMember" xlink:to="jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OpenAccessMember to jwa_OpenAccessMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember" xlink:label="STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember" xlink:title="STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl">Revenue by product/service deriving from STM and professional and education publishing</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember to jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl1">STM and Professional and Education Publishing [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember to jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl2">STM and Professional Publishing [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember to jwa_STMAndProfessionalAndEducationPublishingMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember" xlink:label="LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember" xlink:title="LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl">Revenue by product/service deriving from licensing, reprints, backfiles and other.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember to jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl1">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other (Research segment) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember to jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl2">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember to jwa_LicensingReprintsBackfilesAndOtherResearchSegmentMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" xlink:label="TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" xlink:title="TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl">Publishing revenue from test preparation and certification products/services.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" xlink:to="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: TestPreparationAndCertificationMember to jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl1">Test Preparation and Certification [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" xlink:to="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: TestPreparationAndCertificationMember to jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl2">Test Preparation and Certification [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" xlink:to="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: TestPreparationAndCertificationMember to jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember" xlink:label="CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember" xlink:title="CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl">Publishing revenue from course workflow solution products/services.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember" xlink:to="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember to jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl1">Course Workflow Solutions [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember" xlink:to="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember to jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl2">Courseware (WileyPLUS) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember" xlink:to="jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember to jwa_CourseWorkflowSolutionsMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_JournalRevenueMember" xlink:label="JournalRevenueMember" xlink:title="JournalRevenueMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl">Revenue by product service.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="JournalRevenueMember" xlink:to="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: JournalRevenueMember to jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl1">Journal Revenue [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="JournalRevenueMember" xlink:to="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: JournalRevenueMember to jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl2">Journals Subscriptions [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="JournalRevenueMember" xlink:to="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: JournalRevenueMember to jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_CorporateLearningMember" xlink:label="CorporateLearningMember" xlink:title="CorporateLearningMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl">Revenue by product service.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CorporateLearningMember" xlink:to="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: CorporateLearningMember to jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl1">Corporate Learning [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CorporateLearningMember" xlink:to="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CorporateLearningMember to jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl2">Corporate Learning [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CorporateLearningMember" xlink:to="jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: CorporateLearningMember to jwa_CorporateLearningMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember" xlink:label="ProfessionalAssessmentMember" xlink:title="ProfessionalAssessmentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl">Revenue by product service.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProfessionalAssessmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ProfessionalAssessmentMember to jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl1">Professional Assessment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProfessionalAssessmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ProfessionalAssessmentMember to jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl2">Professional Assessment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProfessionalAssessmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ProfessionalAssessmentMember to jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_ResearchPublishingMember" xlink:label="ResearchPublishingMember" xlink:title="ResearchPublishingMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ResearchPublishingMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ResearchPublishingMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ResearchPublishingMember_lbl">Revenue by product service.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ResearchPublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_ResearchPublishingMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ResearchPublishingMember to jwa_ResearchPublishingMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ResearchPublishingMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ResearchPublishingMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ResearchPublishingMember_lbl1">Research Publishing [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ResearchPublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_ResearchPublishingMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ResearchPublishingMember to jwa_ResearchPublishingMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember" xlink:label="ResearchPlatformsMember" xlink:title="ResearchPlatformsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember_lbl">Revenue by product service.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ResearchPlatformsMember" xlink:to="jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ResearchPlatformsMember to jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember_lbl1">Research Platforms [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ResearchPlatformsMember" xlink:to="jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ResearchPlatformsMember to jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember" xlink:label="ProfessionalLearningMember" xlink:title="ProfessionalLearningMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember_lbl">Revenue by product service.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProfessionalLearningMember" xlink:to="jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ProfessionalLearningMember to jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember_lbl1">Professional Learning [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProfessionalLearningMember" xlink:to="jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ProfessionalLearningMember to jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent" xlink:label="IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent" xlink:title="IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl">The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amount due from customers for the credit sale of goods and services non current.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent" xlink:to="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent to jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl1">Increase Decrease In Contract With Customer Liability Non Current</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent" xlink:to="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent to jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl2">Contract liability (Deferred revenue) (included in Other Long-Term Liabilities)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent" xlink:to="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl2" xlink:title="label: IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent to jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_KnewtonMember" xlink:label="KnewtonMember" xlink:title="KnewtonMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_KnewtonMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_KnewtonMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_KnewtonMember_lbl">Name of the acquired entity, which is a provider of affordable courseware and adaptive learning technology.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="KnewtonMember" xlink:to="jwa_KnewtonMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: KnewtonMember to jwa_KnewtonMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_KnewtonMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_KnewtonMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_KnewtonMember_lbl1">Knewton [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="KnewtonMember" xlink:to="jwa_KnewtonMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: KnewtonMember to jwa_KnewtonMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_KnewtonMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_KnewtonMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_KnewtonMember_lbl2">Knewton [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="KnewtonMember" xlink:to="jwa_KnewtonMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: KnewtonMember to jwa_KnewtonMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_CourseContentMember" xlink:label="CourseContentMember" xlink:title="CourseContentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl">A document that benefits students and instructors. It is an essential piece when designing any course.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CourseContentMember" xlink:to="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: CourseContentMember to jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl1">Course Content [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CourseContentMember" xlink:to="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CourseContentMember to jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl2">Course Content [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CourseContentMember" xlink:to="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: CourseContentMember to jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember" xlink:label="TheLearningHouseIncMember" xlink:title="TheLearningHouseIncMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl">A diversified education services provider, which provides online program management (OPM) services including graduate and undergraduate programs; short courses, boot camps, and other skills training and credentialing for students and professionals; pathway services for international students; professional development services for teachers; and learning solutions for corporate clients.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TheLearningHouseIncMember" xlink:to="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: TheLearningHouseIncMember to jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl1">The Learning House, Inc. [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TheLearningHouseIncMember" xlink:to="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: TheLearningHouseIncMember to jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_ZyanteMember" xlink:label="ZyanteMember" xlink:title="ZyanteMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl">Name of the acquired entity, which is a leading provider of computer science and STEM education courseware.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ZyanteMember" xlink:to="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ZyanteMember to jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl1">Zyante [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ZyanteMember" xlink:to="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ZyanteMember to jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl2">zybooks [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ZyanteMember" xlink:to="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ZyanteMember to jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember" xlink:label="OtherAcquistionsMember" xlink:title="OtherAcquistionsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl">All the other acquired entities.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OtherAcquistionsMember" xlink:to="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: OtherAcquistionsMember to jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl1">Other Acquisitions [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OtherAcquistionsMember" xlink:to="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OtherAcquistionsMember to jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl2">Other Acquisitions [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OtherAcquistionsMember" xlink:to="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OtherAcquistionsMember to jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired" xlink:label="NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired" xlink:title="NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl">Refers to the number of immaterial businesses acquired during the period.</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl1">Number of immaterial businesses acquired</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl2">Number of immaterial businesses acquired</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl2" xlink:title="label: NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired to jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_ReclassificationForCostsToFulfillContractAndProductDevelopmentSpendingMember" xlink:label="ReclassificationForCostsToFulfillContractAndProductDevelopmentSpendingMember" xlink:title="ReclassificationForCostsToFulfillContractAndProductDevelopmentSpendingMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ReclassificationForCostsToFulfillContractAndProductDevelopmentSpendingMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ReclassificationForCostsToFulfillContractAndProductDevelopmentSpendingMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ReclassificationForCostsToFulfillContractAndProductDevelopmentSpendingMember_lbl">Reclassification for costs to fulfill a contract and product development spending.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ReclassificationForCostsToFulfillContractAndProductDevelopmentSpendingMember" xlink:to="jwa_ReclassificationForCostsToFulfillContractAndProductDevelopmentSpendingMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ReclassificationForCostsToFulfillContractAndProductDevelopmentSpendingMember to jwa_ReclassificationForCostsToFulfillContractAndProductDevelopmentSpendingMember_lbl" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ReclassificationForCostsToFulfillContractAndProductDevelopmentSpendingMember" xlink:to="jwa_ReclassificationForCostsToFulfillContractAndProductDevelopmentSpendingMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ReclassificationForCostsToFulfillContractAndProductDevelopmentSpendingMember to jwa_ReclassificationForCostsToFulfillContractAndProductDevelopmentSpendingMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ReclassificationForCostsToFulfillContractAndProductDevelopmentSpendingMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ReclassificationForCostsToFulfillContractAndProductDevelopmentSpendingMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ReclassificationForCostsToFulfillContractAndProductDevelopmentSpendingMember_lbl2">Reclassification for Costs to Fulfill Contract and Product Development Spending [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ReclassificationForCostsToFulfillContractAndProductDevelopmentSpendingMember" xlink:to="jwa_ReclassificationForCostsToFulfillContractAndProductDevelopmentSpendingMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ReclassificationForCostsToFulfillContractAndProductDevelopmentSpendingMember to jwa_ReclassificationForCostsToFulfillContractAndProductDevelopmentSpendingMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember" xlink:label="ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember" xlink:title="ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember_lbl">Reclassification for amortization expense related to costs to fulfill a contract.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember" xlink:to="jwa_ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember to jwa_ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember_lbl1">Reclassification for Amortization Expense Related to Costs to Fulfill Contract [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember" xlink:to="jwa_ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember to jwa_ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember_lbl2">Reclassification for Amortization Expense Related to Costs to Fulfill Contract [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember" xlink:to="jwa_ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember to jwa_ReclassificationForAmortizationExpenseRelatedToCostsToFulfillContractMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock_lbl">Tabular disclosure of other supplemental information related to operating leases of lessee.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock to jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock_lbl1">Lessee, Operating Lease, Other Supplemental Information [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock to jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock_lbl2">Other Supplemental Information</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock to jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl">Tabular disclosure of information relating to lessee's right-of-use assets and liabilities.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock to jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl1">Lessee, Operating Lease, Right of Use Assets and Liabilities [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock to jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl2">ROU Assets and Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock to jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset" xlink:label="OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset" xlink:title="OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset_lbl">The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the aggregate amount of right of use assets.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset" xlink:to="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset to jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset_lbl1">Operating Lease, Increase (Decrease) in Right-of-Use Asset</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset" xlink:to="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset to jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset_lbl2">Increase (decrease) in right of use assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset" xlink:to="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset to jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability" xlink:label="OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability" xlink:title="OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability_lbl">The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the aggregate amount of lease liabilities.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability" xlink:to="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability to jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability_lbl1">Operating Lease, Increase Decrease in Lease Liability</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability" xlink:to="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability to jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability_lbl2">Increase (decrease) in operating lease liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability" xlink:to="jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability to jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member" xlink:label="ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member" xlink:title="ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl">A share repurchase program approved by the Board of Directors of the Company for shares of Class A or Class B Common Stock during fiscal year 2017.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member" xlink:to="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl" xlink:title="label: ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member to jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl1">Share Repurchase Program in 2017 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member" xlink:to="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member to jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl2">2017 Share Repurchase Program [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member" xlink:to="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member to jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract" xlink:label="ChangesInCommonStockAbstract" xlink:title="ChangesInCommonStockAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract_lbl1">Changes in Common Stock [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ChangesInCommonStockAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ChangesInCommonStockAbstract to jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract_lbl2">Changes in Common Stock [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ChangesInCommonStockAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ChangesInCommonStockAbstract to jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract" xlink:label="ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract" xlink:title="ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract_lbl1">Changes in Common Stock in Treasury [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract to jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract_lbl2">Changes in Common Stock in Treasury [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract to jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember" xlink:label="NonPerformanceSharesMember" xlink:title="NonPerformanceSharesMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl">Other than shares or units awarded to employees for meeting certain performance targets.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NonPerformanceSharesMember" xlink:to="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: NonPerformanceSharesMember to jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl1">Non Performance Shares [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NonPerformanceSharesMember" xlink:to="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: NonPerformanceSharesMember to jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl2">Non-Performance Shares [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NonPerformanceSharesMember" xlink:to="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: NonPerformanceSharesMember to jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member" xlink:label="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member" xlink:title="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl">Distribution of earnings in the form of cash, property or capital stock declared in Q1 current year by the board of directors to be distributed to shareholders.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl1">Dividend Declared in Current Year Q1 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl2">Dividend Declared in Q1 2020 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_CashDividendAbstract" xlink:label="CashDividendAbstract" xlink:title="CashDividendAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl1">Cash Dividend [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CashDividendAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CashDividendAbstract to jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl2">Cash dividend [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CashDividendAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl2" xlink:title="label: CashDividendAbstract to jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:label="AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:title="AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl">Amended and extended arrangement in which loan proceeds can continuously be obtained following repayments, but the total amount borrowed cannot exceed a specified maximum amount.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:to="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember to jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl1">Amended and Extended Revolving Credit Facility [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:to="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember to jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl2">Amended and Extended Revolving Credit Agreement [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:to="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember to jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested" xlink:label="MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested" xlink:title="MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl">The minimum incremental amount by which the entity may request an optional increase to the maximum borrowing capacity under the revolving credit facility.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested" xlink:to="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl" xlink:title="label: MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested to jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl1">Minimum Increments In Which Optional Credit Limit Increases May Be Requested</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested" xlink:to="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl1" xlink:title="label: MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested to jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl2">Minimum increments in which optional credit limit increase may be requested</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested" xlink:to="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl2" xlink:title="label: MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested to jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees" xlink:label="DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees" xlink:title="DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl">Amount of non-lender fees capitalized in connection with the amendment to the existing debt.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees" xlink:to="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees to jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl1">Debt Instrument Non Lender Fees</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees" xlink:to="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees to jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl2">Term Loan amount related to non-lender fees in Other NC Assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees" xlink:to="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees to jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest" xlink:label="OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest" xlink:title="OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl">The total amount by which the entity may request an optional increase to the maximum borrowing capacity under the revolving credit facility. This may consist of one request or several requests in minimum increments as specified under the revolving credit agreement.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest" xlink:to="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl" xlink:title="label: OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest to jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl1">Optional Credit Limit Increase Available On Request</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest" xlink:to="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest to jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl2">Optional credit limit increase available on request</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest" xlink:to="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest to jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate" xlink:label="DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate" xlink:title="DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl">Margin rate over reference rate used to calculate the lenders base rate.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate" xlink:to="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate to jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl1">Debt Instrument, Margin on Reference Rate Used in Determining Base Rate</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate" xlink:to="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate to jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl2">Margin rate over reference rate used in determining base rate</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate" xlink:to="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate to jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin" xlink:label="DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin" xlink:title="DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl">Percentage points added to compute the variable rate on the debt instrument.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin" xlink:to="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin to jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl1">Debt Instrument, Applicable Margin</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin" xlink:to="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin to jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl2">Applicable margin</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin" xlink:to="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin to jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember" xlink:label="SyndicateBankGroupMember" xlink:title="SyndicateBankGroupMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl">The joint lead arrangers with which the Company maintains a credit facility.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SyndicateBankGroupMember" xlink:to="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: SyndicateBankGroupMember to jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl1">Syndicate Bank Group [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SyndicateBankGroupMember" xlink:to="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: SyndicateBankGroupMember to jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl2">Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SyndicateBankGroupMember" xlink:to="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: SyndicateBankGroupMember to jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20190731.xsd#jwa_TermLoanAFacilityMember" xlink:label="TermLoanAFacilityMember" xlink:title="TermLoanAFacilityMember" />
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6811179760">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Taxes<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Taxes [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Income Taxes</a></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 13 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Income Taxes</span></div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The effective tax rate for the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019 was 8.6%, compared to 22.8% for the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2018. The rate for the three months ended July 31, 2019 was less than the rate for the corresponding prior period due to certain net discrete items totaling $0.4 million, which had a disproportionately large impact on our rate because of our relatively small amount of pretax income. Excluding the effects of these discrete items, the rate for the three months ended July 31, 2019 would have been 22.5%.</div>

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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2144680<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6799595536">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 17 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts</span></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Share Repurchases</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018, we repurchased 217,511 and 125,932 shares of Class A common stock at an average price of $45.97 and $63.48, respectively.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Dividends</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On June 27, 2019, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.34 per common share, or $19.2 million, on our Class A and Class B common stock. The dividend was paid on July 24, 2019 to shareholders of record on July 10, 2019.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Changes in Common Stock</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following is a summary of changes during the three months ended July 31, in shares of our common stock and common stock in treasury (shares in thousands).</span></div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of shares held, end of period</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z9577498661e54d7cb76319f745750d6b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of shares, beginning of year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">13,067</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Changes in Common Stock B in treasury:</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of shares held, beginning of year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,918</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of shares held, end of period</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,918</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,918</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of Common Stock B outstanding, end of period</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, including other comprehensive income. Includes, but is not limited to, balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings, accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and amount of comprehensive income.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2208762<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6817210016">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Operating Leases (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsAndLiabilitiesLesseeAbstract', window );"><strong>ROU Assets and Liabilities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset', window );">Operating Lease Right-Of-Use Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 147,370<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent', window );">Short-term portion of operating lease liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">18,041<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Operating Lease Liabilities, non-current</a></td>
<td class="nump">166,642<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset', window );">Increase (decrease) in right of use assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability', window );">Increase (decrease) in operating lease liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeaseCostAbstract', window );"><strong>Net Lease Costs [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost', window );">Operating lease cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">6,861<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableLeaseCost', window );">Variable lease cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,203<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubleaseIncome', window );">Sublease income</a></td>
<td class="num">(523)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeaseCost', window );">Total net lease cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,541<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Supplemental Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1', window );">Weighted-average remaining contractual lease term, operating leases</a></td>
<td class="text">10 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent', window );">Weighted-average discount rate, operating leases</a></td>
<td class="nump">5.82%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashFlowOperatingActivitiesLesseeAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments', window );">Operating cash flows from operating leases</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilitiesPaymentsDueAbstract', window );"><strong>Reconciliation of Undiscounted Cash Flows to Operating Lease Liabilities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear', window );">2020 (remaining 9 months)</a></td>
<td class="nump">23,920<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo', window );">2021</a></td>
<td class="nump">27,376<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree', window );">2022</a></td>
<td class="nump">24,446<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour', window );">2023</a></td>
<td class="nump">22,109<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive', window );">2024</a></td>
<td class="nump">21,651<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive', window );">Thereafter</a></td>
<td class="nump">133,534<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue', window );">Total undiscounted lease payments</a></td>
<td class="nump">253,036<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount', window );">Less: Imputed interest</a></td>
<td class="nump">68,353<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability', window );">Present value of minimum lease payments</a></td>
<td class="nump">184,683<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent', window );">Less: Current portion</a></td>
<td class="nump">18,041<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Noncurrent portion</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 166,642<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the aggregate amount of lease liabilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability</td>
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<tr>
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<td>debit</td>
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<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the aggregate amount of right of use assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsAndLiabilitiesLesseeAbstract</td>
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<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashFlowOperatingActivitiesLesseeAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashFlowOperatingActivitiesLesseeAbstract</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LeaseCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lease cost recognized by lessee for lease contract.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888426&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888399&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LeaseCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LeaseCostAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LeaseCostAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescriptionAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescriptionAbstract</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888426&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due after fifth fiscal year following latest fiscal year.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888426&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in fifth fiscal year following latest fiscal year.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888426&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in fourth fiscal year following latest fiscal year.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888426&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in third fiscal year following latest fiscal year.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888426&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in second fiscal year following latest fiscal year.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888426&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease having an initial or remaining lease term in excess of one year due in remainder of fiscal year following latest fiscal year.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888426&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments in excess of discounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888426&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of single lease cost, calculated by allocation of remaining cost of lease over remaining lease term. Includes, but is not limited to, single lease cost, after impairment of right-of-use asset, calculated by amortization of remaining right-of-use asset and accretion of lease liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888399&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888426&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilitiesPaymentsDueAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilitiesPaymentsDueAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888419&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888419&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888419&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow from operating lease, excluding payments to bring another asset to condition and location necessary for its intended use.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888419&amp;loc=SL77918643-209977<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888426&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's right to use underlying asset under operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888419&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average discount rate for operating lease calculated at point in time.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888426&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888399&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average remaining lease term for operating lease, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888399&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888426&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SubleaseIncome">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of sublease income excluding finance and operating lease expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888426&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888399&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SubleaseIncome</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VariableLeaseCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of variable lease cost, excluded from lease liability, recognized when obligation for payment is incurred for finance and operating leases.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888426&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888399&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableLeaseCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6817214384">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Acquisitions (Details)<br> $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th">
<div>Jul. 01, 2019 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Nov. 01, 2018 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">
<div>Jul. 31, 2019 </div>
<div>USD ($) </div>
<div>Business</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Jul. 31, 2018 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Apr. 30, 2019 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Oct. 31, 2018 </div>
<div>$ / shares </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired', window );">Fair value of cash consideration transferred, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 73,209<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,121,783<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,095,666<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Identifiable intangible assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">663,323<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">648,440<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember', window );">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">423,402<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">438,511<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember', window );">Education Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">199,010<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">199,010<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember', window );">Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">499,371<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">458,145<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember', window );">Customer Relationships [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Identifiable intangible assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">249,647<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 245,830<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_ZyanteMember', window );">zybooks [Member] | Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAcquiredFromAcquisition', window );">Cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired', window );">Fair value of cash consideration transferred, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="nump">54,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="nump">33,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Identifiable intangible assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 28,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember', window );">Other Acquisitions [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired', window );">Fair value of cash consideration transferred, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Identifiable intangible assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember', window );">Other Acquisitions [Member] | Research Publishing &amp; Platforms [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired', window );">Number of immaterial businesses acquired | Business</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember', window );">The Learning House, Inc. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired', window );">Percentage of ownership interest acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1', window );">Fair value of consideration transferred</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 201,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross', window );">Payment to acquire business, gross</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">200,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAcquiredFromAcquisition', window );">Cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired', window );">Fair value of cash consideration transferred, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">190,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember', window );">The Learning House, Inc. [Member] | Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredEquityInterestsIssuedAndIssuable', window );">Issuance of warrants</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember', window );">The Learning House, Inc. [Member] | Warrants [Member] | Common Stock Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights', window );">Number of shares of common stock warrantholders are allowed to purchase (in shares) | shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">400,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1', window );">Exercise price per share (in dollars per share) | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 90.00<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="8"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="8"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Refer to Note 3, &#8220;Acquisitions,&#8221; for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Refers to the number of immaterial businesses acquired during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:integerItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of voting equity interests acquired at the acquisition date in the business combination.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=79982066&amp;loc=d3e1392-128463<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of consideration transferred, consisting of acquisition-date fair value of assets transferred by the acquirer, liabilities incurred by the acquirer, and equity interest issued by the acquirer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116859721&amp;loc=d3e6613-128477<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=35744584&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116859721&amp;loc=d3e6578-128477<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredEquityInterestsIssuedAndIssuable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of equity interests of the acquirer, including instruments or interests issued or issuable in consideration for the business combination.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116859721&amp;loc=d3e6613-128477<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116859721&amp;loc=d3e6578-128477<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredEquityInterestsIssuedAndIssuable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAcquiredFromAcquisition">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow associated with the acquisition of business during the period (for example, cash that was held by the acquired business).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3179-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAcquiredFromAcquisition</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Exercise price per share or per unit of warrants or rights outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(i)(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of securities into which the class of warrant or right may be converted. For example, but not limited to, 500,000 warrants may be converted into 1,000,000 shares.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(i)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after amortization of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Goodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77989000&amp;loc=SL49117168-202975<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99380562&amp;loc=d3e13770-109266<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Goodwill</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of business during the period. The cash portion only of the acquisition price.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=35744584&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of a business, net of the cash acquired from the purchase.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_ZyanteMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_ZyanteMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>15
<FILENAME>R60.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6980724656">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Debt and Available Credit Facilities (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet', window );">Credit agreement issuance costs capitalized</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebt', window );">Long-term debt</a></td>
<td class="nump">730,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent', window );">Short-term portion of long-term debt</a></td>
<td class="nump">6,250<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent', window );">Long-term debt, non-current</a></td>
<td class="nump">724,291<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">478,790<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet', window );">Unamortized debt issuance costs</a></td>
<td class="nump">800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis=jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember', window );">Amended and Extended Revolving Credit Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet', window );">Credit agreement issuance costs capitalized</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet', window );">Unamortized debt issuance costs</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfFinancingCosts', window );">Amortization expense of the lender and non-lender fees in interest expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember', window );">Revolving Credit Facility [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm', window );">Term of credit facility</a></td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity', window );">Aggregate principal amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,100,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet', window );">Credit agreement issuance costs capitalized</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet', window );">Unamortized debt issuance costs</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCredit', window );">Outstanding borrowings under revolving credit facilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 478,800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1', window );">Line of credit facility, due date</a></td>
<td class="text">Mar.  01,  2021<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember', window );">Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Amended and Extended Revolving Credit Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet', window );">Credit agreement issuance costs capitalized</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent', window );">Long-term debt, non-current</a></td>
<td class="nump">481,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet', window );">Unamortized debt issuance costs</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember', window );">Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest', window );">Optional credit limit increase available on request</a></td>
<td class="nump">500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested', window );">Minimum increments in which optional credit limit increase may be requested</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 50,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember', window );">Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage', window );">Line of credit facility fee percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.15%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember', window );">Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage', window );">Line of credit facility fee percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.25%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember', window );">Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America [Member] | LIBOR [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin', window );">Applicable margin</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.98%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember', window );">Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America [Member] | LIBOR [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin', window );">Applicable margin</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.50%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember', window );">Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America [Member] | Base Rate [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin', window );">Applicable margin</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember', window );">Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America [Member] | Base Rate [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin', window );">Applicable margin</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.50%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember', window );">Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America [Member] | Federal Funds Effective Rate [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate', window );">Margin rate over reference rate used in determining base rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.50%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember', window );">Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America [Member] | Eurocurrency Rate [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate', window );">Margin rate over reference rate used in determining base rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=jwa_TermLoanAFacilityMember', window );">Term Loan A Facility [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm', window );">Term of credit facility</a></td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount', window );">Credit agreement face amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet', window );">Credit agreement issuance costs capitalized</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent', window );">Short-term portion of long-term debt</a></td>
<td class="nump">6,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent', window );">Long-term debt, non-current</a></td>
<td class="nump">243,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet', window );">Unamortized debt issuance costs</a></td>
<td class="nump">900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFeeAmount', window );">Term Loan amount related to lender fees as a reduction to debt</a></td>
<td class="nump">800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees', window );">Term Loan amount related to non-lender fees in Other NC Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage points added to compute the variable rate on the debt instrument.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Margin rate over reference rate used to calculate the lenders base rate.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of non-lender fees capitalized in connection with the amendment to the existing debt.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The minimum incremental amount by which the entity may request an optional increase to the maximum borrowing capacity under the revolving credit facility.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The total amount by which the entity may request an optional increase to the maximum borrowing capacity under the revolving credit facility. This may consist of one request or several requests in minimum increments as specified under the revolving credit agreement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfFinancingCosts">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of amortization expense attributable to debt issuance costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(8))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775744&amp;loc=d3e28555-108399<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AmortizationOfFinancingCosts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face (par) amount of debt instrument at time of issuance.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775744&amp;loc=d3e28551-108399<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775985&amp;loc=d3e28878-108400<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFeeAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the fee that accompanies borrowing money under the debt instrument.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFeeAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Period of time between issuance and maturity of debt instrument, in PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after accumulated amortization, of debt issuance costs. Includes, but is not limited to, legal, accounting, underwriting, printing, and registration costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775744&amp;loc=d3e28555-108399<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCredit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The carrying value as of the balance sheet date of the current and noncurrent portions of long-term obligations drawn from a line of credit, which is a bank's commitment to make loans up to a specific amount. Examples of items that might be included in the application of this element may consist of letters of credit, standby letters of credit, and revolving credit arrangements, under which borrowings can be made up to a maximum amount as of any point in time conditional on satisfaction of specified terms before, as of and after the date of drawdowns on the line. Includes short-term obligations that would normally be classified as current liabilities but for which (a) postbalance sheet date issuance of a long term obligation to refinance the short term obligation on a long term basis, or (b) the enterprise has entered into a financing agreement that clearly permits the enterprise to refinance the short-term obligation on a long term basis and the following conditions are met (1) the agreement does not expire within 1 year and is not cancelable by the lender except for violation of an objectively determinable provision, (2) no violation exists at the BS date, and (3) the lender has entered into the financing agreement is expected to be financially capable of honoring the agreement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCredit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The fee, expressed as a percentage of the line of credit facility, for the line of credit facility regardless of whether the facility has been used.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the credit facility terminates, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(b),22(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Maximum borrowing capacity under the credit facility without consideration of any current restrictions on the amount that could be borrowed or the amounts currently outstanding under the facility.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(b),22(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after unamortized (discount) premium and debt issuance costs, of long-term debt. Includes, but not limited to, notes payable, bonds payable, debentures, mortgage loans and commercial paper. Excludes capital lease obligations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (b)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109500613&amp;loc=SL6031897-161870<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermDebt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after unamortized (discount) premium and debt issuance costs, of long-term debt, classified as current. Includes, but not limited to, notes payable, bonds payable, debentures, mortgage loans and commercial paper. Excludes capital lease obligations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19,20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after unamortized (discount) premium and debt issuance costs of long-term debt classified as noncurrent and excluding amounts to be repaid within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer. Includes, but not limited to, notes payable, bonds payable, debentures, mortgage loans and commercial paper. Excludes capital lease obligations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis=jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis=jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>na</td>
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<td></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>na</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=us-gaap_BaseRateMember</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=us-gaap_FederalFundsEffectiveSwapRateMember</td>
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<tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=us-gaap_EurodollarMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=us-gaap_EurodollarMember</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=jwa_TermLoanAFacilityMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<DOCUMENT>
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6807520928">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Restructuring and Related Charges, Pre-tax Restructuring (Credits) Charges (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,735<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (6,086)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember', window );">Business Optimization Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,870<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember', window );">Business Optimization Program [Member] | Severance and Termination Benefits [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,709<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember', window );">Business Optimization Program [Member] | Operating Lease Right-of-use Asset Impairment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">161<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="num">(135)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(6,086)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">169,493<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member] | Severance and Termination Benefits [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="num">(350)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,778)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">115,909<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member] | Consulting and Contract Termination Costs [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">135<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">21,155<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member] | Other Activities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">215<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(443)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">32,429<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember', window );">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms [Member] | Business Optimization Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,636<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember', window );">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms [Member] | Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="num">(16)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(980)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">26,528<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember', window );">Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning [Member] | Business Optimization Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,777<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember', window );">Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning [Member] | Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">28<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(717)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">42,867<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember', window );">Education Services [Member] | Business Optimization Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,192<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember', window );">Education Services [Member] | Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="num">(103)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(208)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,764<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateMember', window );">Corporate Expenses [Member] | Business Optimization Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,265<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember', window );">Corporate Expenses [Member] | Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="num">(44)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (4,181)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 96,334<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Restructuring charges for research and professional development, net of related reversal of severance provisions previously recorded by the Company.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of costs incurred to date for the specified restructuring cost.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6394359&amp;loc=d3e17939-110869<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6394359&amp;loc=d3e17939-110869<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 5.P.4(d))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115931487&amp;loc=d3e140904-122747<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 5.P.4(b)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115931487&amp;loc=d3e140904-122747<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6808964736">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Goodwill (Details)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th" colspan="2">
<div>Jul. 31, 2019 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillRollForward', window );"><strong>Goodwill [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,095,666<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod', window );">Acquisition</a></td>
<td class="nump">42,615<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss', window );">Foreign translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="num">(16,498)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Ending balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,121,783<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember', window );">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillRollForward', window );"><strong>Goodwill [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">438,511<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod', window );">Acquisition</a></td>
<td class="nump">844<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss', window );">Foreign translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="num">(15,953)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Ending balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">423,402<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember', window );">Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillRollForward', window );"><strong>Goodwill [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">458,145<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod', window );">Acquisition</a></td>
<td class="nump">41,771<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss', window );">Foreign translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="num">(545)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Ending balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">499,371<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember', window );">Education Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillRollForward', window );"><strong>Goodwill [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">199,010<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod', window );">Acquisition</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss', window );">Foreign translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Ending balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 199,010<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Refer to Note 3, &#8220;Acquisitions,&#8221; for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77989000&amp;loc=SL49117168-202975<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99380562&amp;loc=d3e13770-109266<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Goodwill</td>
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<td>debit</td>
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<td>instant</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase in asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized resulting from a business combination.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108376223&amp;loc=d3e13816-109267<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of foreign currency translation gain (loss) which increases (decreases) an asset representing future economic benefits from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108376223&amp;loc=d3e13816-109267<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6803155984">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Restructuring and Related Charges<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Restructuring and Related Charges</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 9 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Restructuring and Related Charges</span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Business Optimization Program</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Beginning in fiscal year 2020, we initiated a multi-year Business Optimization Program (the &#8220;Business Optimization Program&#8221;) to drive efficiency improvement and operating savings.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring charges related to this program:</span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="ze9cc18fa4a724c72a116964d7c5cbd43" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</div></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Charges by Segment:</div></td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2,777</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2,192</div></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Expenses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">3,265</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Restructuring and Related Charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10,870</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Charges by Activity:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Severance and termination benefits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10,709</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating lease right-of-use asset impairment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">161</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Restructuring and Related Charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10,870</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following table summarizes the activity for the Business Optimization Program liability for the three months ended</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">&#160;July 31, 2019</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">:</span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Payments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Translation</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Severance and termination benefits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1,337</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(33</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">9,339</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1,337</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(33</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">9,339</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The restructuring liability as of July 31, 2019 for accrued severance and termination benefits is reflected in Accrued Employment Costs in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Beginning in the year ended April 30, 2013, we initiated a global program (the &#8220;Restructuring and Reinvestment Program&#8221;) to restructure and realign our cost base with current and anticipated future market conditions. We are targeting a majority of the expected cost savings achieved to improve margins and earnings, while the remainder will be reinvested in high-growth digital business opportunities.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring credits related to this program:</span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z7ff2159cb10946d0943b6e464b8398db" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended July 31,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018 <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Incurred to Date <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(Credits) Charges by Segment:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(16</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(980</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">26,528</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">28</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(717</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">42,867</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(103</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(208</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,764</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Expenses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(44</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4,181</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">96,334</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Restructuring and Related Credits</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(Credits) Charges by Activity:</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Severance and termination benefits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(350</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">115,909</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Consulting and Contract Termination Costs</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">135</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21,155</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other Activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">215</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(443</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">32,429</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Restructuring and Related Credits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(135</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(6,086</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">169,493</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z427ca39205904fc383b3a45c0239e88e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas. See Note 10, &#8220;Segment Information,&#8221; for more details.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="display:none;"><br/></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The credits in severance and termination benefits activities for the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018 primarily reflect changes in the number of headcount reductions and estimates for previously accrued benefit costs. Other Activities for the three months ended July 31, 2018 reflects costs for leased facility consolidations.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following table summarizes the activity for the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability for the three months ended</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">&#160;July 31, 2019</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">:</span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z3e8f1c179ef14a2b8697d2ba0415af22" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Credits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Payments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adoption of</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">New Lease</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Standard <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">303</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">303</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other Activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2,544</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(2,258</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(76</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">210</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">7,734</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1,477</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(2,258</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z1247f243db744d90b2520c5cad203767" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
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    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Refer to Note 2, &#8220;Recent Accounting Standards,&#8221; and Note 5, &#8220;Operating Leases&#8221; for more information related to the adoption of the new lease standard.</div></td>
  </tr>
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<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The restructuring liability as of July 31, 2019 for accrued severance and termination benefits is reflected in Accrued Employment Costs in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. The liability as of July 31, 2019, for Consulting and Contract Termination Costs is reflected in Other Accrued Liabilities. As of July 31, 2019, $0.2 million of Other Activities are reflected in Other Accrued Liabilities and mainly relate to facility relocation and lease impairment related costs. We currently do not anticipate any further material charges related to the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program.</div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for restructuring and related activities. Description of restructuring activities such as exit and disposal activities, include facts and circumstances leading to the plan, the expected plan completion date, the major types of costs associated with the plan activities, total expected costs, the accrual balance at the end of the period, and the periods over which the remaining accrual will be settled.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2175745<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6811070432">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Basis of Presentation<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BasisOfAccounting', window );">Basis of Presentation</a></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 1 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Basis of Presentation</span></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">Throughout this report, when we refer to &#8220;Wiley,&#8221; the &#8220;Company,&#8221; &#8220;we,&#8221; &#8220;our,&#8221; or &#8220;us,&#8221; we are referring to John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. and all our subsidiaries, except where the context indicates otherwise.</span></div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include all the accounts of the Company and our subsidiaries. We have eliminated all intercompany transactions and balances in consolidation. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Condition, Results of Operations, Comprehensive Income and Cash Flows for the periods presented. Operating results for the interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full year. All amounts are in thousands, except per share amounts, and approximate due to rounding. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the most recent audited consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019 as filed with the SEC on July 1, 2019 (&#8220;2019 Form 10-K&#8221;).</div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">Our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in accordance with the interim reporting requirements of the SEC. As permitted under those rules, annual footnotes or other financial information that are normally required by U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted. The preparation of our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.</span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year&#8217;s presentation. The Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended July 31, 2018, includes a reclassification of $4.5 million between Operating Activities within the net change in operating assets and liabilities and Investing Activities related to costs to fulfill a contract and product development spending.&#160; In addition, for the three months ended July 31, 2018, amortization expense related to costs to fulfill a contract of $0.8 million was reclassed from amortization of product development spending to other non-cash charges (credits) within Operating Activities.</div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for the basis of accounting, or basis of presentation, used to prepare the financial statements (for example, US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, Other Comprehensive Basis of Accounting, IFRS).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2122369<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6811172880">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Operating Leases<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Operating Leases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock', window );">Operating Leases</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 5 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Operating Leases</span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On May 1, 2019, we adopted a new accounting standard for leases. For further information, see Note 2, &#8220;Recent Accounting Standards.&#8221;</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We have contractual obligations as a lessee with respect to offices, warehouses and distribution centers, automobiles, and office equipment.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception of the contract in accordance with guidance detailed in the new standard and we perform the lease classification test as of the lease commencement date. ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The present value of the lease payments is calculated using an incremental borrowing rate, which was determined based on the rate of interest that we would have to pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over a similar term. We use an unsecured borrowing rate and risk-adjust that rate to approximate a collateralized rate.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under the new leasing standard, leases that are more than one year in duration are capitalized and recorded on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Some of our leases offer an option to extend the term of such leases. We utilize the reasonably certain threshold criteria in determining which options we will exercise. Furthermore, some of our lease payments are based on index rates with minimum annual increases. These represent fixed payments and are captured in the future minimum lease payments calculation.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">For operating leases, the ROU assets and liabilities are presented in our </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">Unaudited </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as follows:</span></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zd5feecfae759498d9a35765804ef5faf" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Balance at July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">147,370</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Short-term portion of operating lease liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">18,041</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating Lease Liabilities, non-current</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">166,642</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During the three months ended July 31, 2019, we added $10.3 million to the ROU assets and $11.9 million to the operating lease liabilities due to new leases as well as modifications and remeasurements to our existing operating leases.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our total net lease costs are as follows:</div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zc4ca55ffac8a4760bf55c293ec697f2c" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating lease cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6,861</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Variable lease cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,203</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Sublease income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(523</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total net lease cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">7,541</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other supplemental information includes the following:</div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z789a1228af35429bbeddea2fb1456920" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The table below reconciles the undiscounted cash flows for the first five years and total of the remaining years to the operating lease liabilities recorded in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of July 31, 2019</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">:</span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2022</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2023</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2024</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Thereafter</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total undiscounted lease payments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Less: Imputed interest</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Present Value of Minimum Lease Payments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Less: Current portion</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LeasesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for operating leases of lessee. Includes, but is not limited to, description of operating lease and maturity analysis of operating lease liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&amp;trid=77888251<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock</td>
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<td>nonnum:textBlockItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<head>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6807670080">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - UNAUDITED (Parenthetical) - $ / shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInStockholdersEquityRollForward', window );"><strong>Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock dividend (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.34<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.33<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInStockholdersEquityRollForward', window );"><strong>Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock dividend (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.34<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.33<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate dividends paid during the period for each share of common stock outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6796689552">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Inventories (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Inventories [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock', window );">Inventories</a></td>
<td class="text"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">Inventories, net were as follows:</span>
<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zc3aedc22935b4e9d9a44162287bc2fbf" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Finished Goods</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">36,050</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">33,736</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Work-in-Process</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">3,843</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2,094</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Paper and Other Materials</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">354</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">373</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">40,247</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">36,203</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of merchandise, goods, commodities, or supplies held for future sale or to be used in manufacturing, servicing or production process.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6813267296">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS - UNAUDITED - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2018</div></th>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract', window );"><strong>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS - UNAUDITED [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net Income</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,624<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 26,295<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax', window );">Foreign currency translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="num">(35,539)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(40,325)<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax', window );">Unamortized retirement costs, tax (expense) of $(2,180) and $(2,488), respectively</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,168<span></span>
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<td class="nump">8,811<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax', window );">Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swaps, tax benefit of $44 and $204, respectively</a></td>
<td class="nump">85<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(652)<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent', window );">Total Other Comprehensive Loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(27,286)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(32,166)<span></span>
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<td class="num">$ (23,662)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (5,871)<span></span>
</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income and other comprehensive income, attributable to parent entity. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=d3e557-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637391&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(18))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637232&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(20))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after tax, of gain (loss) for (increase) decrease in value of benefit obligation for change in actuarial assumptions and increase (decrease) in value of plan assets from experience different from that assumed of defined benefit plan, that has not been recognized in net periodic benefit (cost) credit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669646-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax and reclassification adjustments of gain (loss) on foreign currency translation adjustments, foreign currency transactions designated and effective as economic hedges of a net investment in a foreign entity and intra-entity foreign currency transactions that are of a long-term-investment nature.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669646-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -Subparagraph (b,c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118261656&amp;loc=d3e32211-110900<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to parent entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569643-111683<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569616-111683<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in accumulated gain (loss) from derivative instruments designated and qualifying as the effective portion of cash flow hedges and an entity's share of an equity investee's increase (decrease) in deferred hedging gain (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669646-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109978405&amp;loc=d3e80720-113993<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Common Stock Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityListingsLineItems', window );"><strong>Entity Listings [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">47,349,487<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Class A Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">JW.A<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NYSE<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Stock Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityListingsLineItems', window );"><strong>Entity Listings [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,119,828<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Class B Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">JW.B<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NYSE<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gMonthDayItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fiscal period values are FY, Q1, Q2, and Q3.  1st, 2nd and 3rd quarter 10-Q or 10-QT statements have value Q1, Q2, and Q3 respectively, with 10-K, 10-KT or other fiscal year statements having FY.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fiscalPeriodItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This is focus fiscal year of the document report in CCYY format. For a 2006 annual report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, fiscal 2006 should be given as the fiscal year focus. Example: 2006.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gYearItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The end date of the period reflected on the cover page if a periodic report. For all other reports and registration statements containing historical data, it is the date up through which that historical data is presented.  If there is no historical data in the report, use the filing date. The format of the date is CCYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as an quarterly report.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 10-Q<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13<br> -Subsection a-13<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentTransitionReport">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as a transition report.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Forms 10-K, 10-Q, 20-F<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13<br> -Subsection a-1-<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentTransitionReport</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate number of shares or other units outstanding of each of registrant's classes of capital or common stock or other ownership interests, if and as stated on cover of related periodic report. Where multiple classes or units exist define each class/interest by adding class of stock items such as Common Class A [Member], Common Class B [Member] or Partnership Interest [Member] onto the Instrument [Domain] of the Entity Listings, Instrument.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' whether registrants (1) have filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that registrants were required to file such reports), and (2) have been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFilerCategory">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate whether the registrant is one of the following: Large Accelerated Filer, Accelerated Filer, Non-accelerated Filer. Definitions of these categories are stated in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFilerCategory</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:filerCategoryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation S-T<br> -Number 232<br> -Section 405<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityListingsLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityListingsLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityShellCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the registrant is a shell company as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityShellCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntitySmallBusiness">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicates that the company is a Smaller Reporting Company (SRC).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntitySmallBusiness</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6803255328">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxAbstract', window );"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock', window );">Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by Component, Net of Tax</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by component, net of tax, for the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z877e39f0f5064ef8a153a915d86cb301" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Currency Translation</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Unamortized</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Retirement Costs</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Interest</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Rate Swaps</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Balance at April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(312,107</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(196,057</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(574</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(508,738</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(35,539</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">7,130</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">328</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(28,081</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,038</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(243</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">795</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total other comprehensive (loss) income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(35,539</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">8,168</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">85</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(27,286</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Balance at July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(347,646</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Balance at April 30, 2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(251,573</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(191,026</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">3,019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(439,580</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(40,325</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">7,720</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">70</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(32,535</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,091</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(722</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">369</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total other comprehensive income (loss)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(40,325</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">8,811</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(652</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(32,166</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Balance at July 31, 2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(291,898</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(182,215</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2,367</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(471,746</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Restructuring and Related Charges, Activity for Restructuring and Reinvestment Program Liability (Details)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
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<div>Jul. 31, 2019 </div>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Related Charges Liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
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<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
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<td class="nump">10,709<span></span>
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<td class="num">(1,337)<span></span>
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<td class="num">(33)<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,339<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Related Charges Liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
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<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Charges</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,709<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring', window );">Payments</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,337)<span></span>
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<td class="num">(33)<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,339<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Related Charges Liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,734<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Charges</a></td>
<td class="num">(350)<span></span>
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<td class="num">(1,477)<span></span>
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<td class="num">(2,258)<span></span>
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<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
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<td class="num">(47)<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,602<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Related Charges Liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,887<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Charges</a></td>
<td class="num">(350)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring', window );">Payments</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,477)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard', window );">Adoption of new lease standard</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment', window );">Foreign translation &amp; other adjustments</a></td>
<td class="nump">29<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,089<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member] | Consulting and Contract Termination Costs [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Related Charges Liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">303<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Charges</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring', window );">Payments</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard', window );">Adoption of new lease standard</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment', window );">Foreign translation &amp; other adjustments</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">303<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member] | Other Activities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Related Charges Liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,544<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Charges</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring', window );">Payments</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard', window );">Adoption of new lease standard</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,258)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment', window );">Foreign translation &amp; other adjustments</a></td>
<td class="num">(76)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">210<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member] | Other Activities [Member] | Other Accrued Liabilities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Related Charges Liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Refer to Note 2, &#8220;Recent Accounting Standards,&#8221; and Note 5, &#8220;Operating Leases&#8221; for more information related to the adoption of the new lease standard.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of impact of adoption new lease standard associated with exit or disposal activities pursuant to an authorized plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash payments made as the result of exit or disposal activities. Excludes payments associated with a discontinued operation or an asset retirement obligation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6394359&amp;loc=d3e17939-110869<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3367-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expenses associated with exit or disposal activities pursuant to an authorized plan. Excludes expenses related to a discontinued operation or an asset retirement obligation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 5.P.3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115931487&amp;loc=d3e140864-122747<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6394359&amp;loc=d3e17939-110869<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 5.P.4(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115931487&amp;loc=d3e140904-122747<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringCharges</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying amount (including both current and noncurrent portions of the accrual) as of the balance sheet date pertaining to a specified type of cost associated with exit from or disposal of business activities or restructuring pursuant to a duly authorized plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6394359&amp;loc=d3e17939-110869<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 5.P.4(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115931487&amp;loc=d3e140904-122747<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringReserve</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAdjustment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of foreign currency translation gain (loss) which decreases (increases) the restructuring reserve.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6394359&amp;loc=d3e17939-110869<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 5.P.4(b)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115931487&amp;loc=d3e140904-122747<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAdjustment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in the restructuring reserve related to foreign currency translation (gain) loss and other increases (decreases).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 5.P.4(b)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115931487&amp;loc=d3e140904-122747<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6394359&amp;loc=d3e17939-110869<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeSeveranceMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis=us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis=us-gaap_OtherRestructuringMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
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<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis=us-gaap_OtherRestructuringMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationAxis=us-gaap_OtherCurrentLiabilitiesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationAxis=us-gaap_OtherCurrentLiabilitiesMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6809408480">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible Assets with Determinable Lives, net [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 663,323<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 648,440<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible Assets with Indefinite Lives [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">214,946<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">217,132<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsGrossExcludingGoodwillAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible assets (excluding goodwill) [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill', window );">Total Intangible Assets, Net</a></td>
<td class="nump">878,269<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">865,572<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember', window );">Brands and Trademarks [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible Assets with Indefinite Lives [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">128,817<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">130,909<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember', window );">Content and Publishing Rights [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible Assets with Indefinite Lives [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">86,129<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">86,223<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember', window );">Content and Publishing Rights [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible Assets with Determinable Lives, net [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">378,803<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">389,172<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember', window );">Customer Relationships [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible Assets with Determinable Lives, net [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">249,647<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">245,830<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember', window );">Brands and Trademarks [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible Assets with Determinable Lives, net [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">12,369<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">12,993<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember', window );">Covenants Not to Compete [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible Assets with Determinable Lives, net [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">395<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">445<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_DevelopedTechnologyRightsMember', window );">Developed Technology [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible Assets with Determinable Lives, net [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 22,109<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Refer to Note 3, &#8220;Acquisitions,&#8221; for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of assets, net of accumulated impairment, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance and having a projected indefinite period of benefit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after amortization of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillAbstract</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsGrossExcludingGoodwillAbstract</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts of all intangible assets, excluding goodwill, as of the balance sheet date, net of accumulated amortization and impairment charges.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph ((a)(1),(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6388964&amp;loc=d3e16212-109274<br></p></div>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill</td>
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6803225504">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Recent Accounting Standards<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesAbstract', window );"><strong>Recent Accounting Standards [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DescriptionOfNewAccountingPronouncementsNotYetAdopted', window );">Recent Accounting Standards</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 2 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Recent Accounting Standards</span></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Recently Adopted Accounting Standards</div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02 &#8220;Income Statement&#8212;Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income,&#8221; which allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The standard was effective for us on May 1, 2019, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. We adopted ASU 2018-02 on May 1, 2019. We did not elect to reclassify the income tax effects from comprehensive income to retained earnings for the stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Our policy for releasing the income tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income is when the corresponding pretax accumulated other comprehensive income items are reclassified to earnings.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities,&#8221; to simplify and improve the application and financial reporting of hedge accounting. Subsequently, in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-1<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">6, &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap (OIS) Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes&#8221;.&#160; ASU 2017-12</span> eases the requirements for measuring and reporting hedge ineffectiveness and clarifies that changes in the fair value of hedging instruments for cash flow, net investment, and fair value hedges should be reflected in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. The guidance also permits entities to designate specific components in cash flow and interest rate hedges as the hedged risk, instead of using total cash flows. ASU 2018-16 allows the use of the OIS rate based on the SOFR as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for hedge accounting purposes. These ASUs were effective for us on May 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. We adopted ASU 2017-12, 2018-06 and 2019-04, for those portions related to ASU 2017-02, on May 1, 2019 and there was no impact to our consolidated financial statements at the date of adoption. The future impact will depend on any future hedging activities we may enter into.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leases</div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)&#8221;. Subsequently, the FASB issued in March 2019, ASU 2019-01, &#8220;Leases (Topic 842): Codification Improvements&#8221;, in December 2018 ASU 2018-20, &#8220;Leases (Topic 842): Narrow Scope Improvements for Lessors&#8221;,&#160;and in July 2018 the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, &#8220;Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements&#8221; and ASU 2018-10, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases&#8221;.&#160; ASU 2016-02 requires an entity to recognize a right-of-use asset (&#8220;ROU&#8221;) and lease liability for all leases with terms of more than 12 months and provide enhanced disclosures. Recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses depends on classification as a finance or operating lease. Similar modifications have been made to lessor accounting in-line with revenue recognition guidance.</div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The new standard provides a number of optional practical expedients in transition. We elected the practical expedients to forgo a reassessment of (1) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (2) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and (3) initial direct costs.&#160; We did not elect the practical expedient allowing the use-of-hindsight which would have required us to reassess the lease term of our leases based on all facts and circumstances through the effective date.&#160; In addition, we did not elect the practical expedient pertaining to land easements.</div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In addition, the new standard provides as a practical expedient, certain policy elections for ongoing lease accounting which we elected at the date of adoption and included the following, (i) to not separate nonlease components from the associated lease component if certain conditions are met, and (ii) to not recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for leases that qualify as short-term.</div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The standard was effective for us on May 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. A modified retrospective transition approach was required, applying the standard to all leases existing at the date of initial application. A company could choose to use either (1) its effective date or (2) the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements as of its date of initial application. We adopted the new standard on May 1, 2019 and used the effective date as the date of initial application. Accordingly, previously reported financial information was not updated, and the disclosures required under the new standard will not be provided for dates and periods before May 1, 2019.&#160;</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">At adoption, we recognized operating lease liabilities of $178 million based on the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments for existing operating leases and ROU assets of $142 million on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. The difference between the ROU assets and operating lease liabilities represents the existing deferred rent liabilities, prepaid rent balances, and applicable restructuring liabilities, which were reclassified upon adoption to reduce the measurement of the ROU assets. The adoption of the standard did not have an impact on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Shareholders&#8217; Equity, Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income or Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow. See Note 5, &#8220;Operating Leases&#8221;, for further details on our operating leases.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Recently Issued Accounting Standards</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software: Customer&#8217;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, &#8220;Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer&#8217;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract.&#8221; ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, &#8220;Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans.&#8221; ASU 2018-14 removes certain disclosures that are not considered cost beneficial, clarifies certain required disclosures and added additional disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2021, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in ASU 2018-14 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis.&#160; We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.</div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement</div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, &#8220;Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.&#8221; ASU 2018-13 removes, modifies and added disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Certain disclosures in ASU 2018-13 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis and others on a prospective basis. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, &#8220;Intangibles&#8211;Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): &#8220;Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment&#8221;, which simplifies the measurement of a potential goodwill impairment charge by eliminating the requirement to calculate an implied fair value of the goodwill based on the fair value of a reporting unit&#8217;s other assets and liabilities. The new guidance eliminates the implied fair value method and instead measures a potential impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit&#8217;s carrying value compared to its fair value. The impairment charge cannot exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Based on our most recent annual goodwill impairment test completed in the year ended April 30, 2019, we expect no impact upon adoption.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, &#8220;Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.&#8221; Subsequently, in May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05 - "Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief&#8221;, in April 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-04, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments,&#8221; and in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses&#8221;.&#160; ASU 2016-13 requires entities to measure all expected credit losses for most financial assets held at the reporting date based on an expected loss model which includes historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Entities will now use forward-looking information to better form their credit loss estimates. ASU 2016-13 also requires enhanced disclosures to help financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an entity&#8217;s portfolio. ASU 2016-13, ASU 2019-05, ASU 2019-04 and ASU 2018-19 are effective for us on May 1, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal periods, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</div>

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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 6 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Stock-Based Compensation</span></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We have stock-based compensation plans under which employees may be granted performance-based stock awards and other restricted stock awards.&#160; Prior to fiscal year 2017, we also granted options to purchase shares of our common stock at the fair market value at the time of grant. We recognize the grant date fair value of stock-based compensation in net income on a straight-line basis, net of estimated forfeitures over the requisite service period. The measurement of performance for performance-based stock awards is based on actual financial results for targets established three years in advance. For the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018, we recognized stock-based compensation expense, on a pre-tax basis, of $4.6 million and $3.9 million, respectively.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following table summarizes restricted stock awards we granted (shares in thousands):</span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6811070432">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Segment Information<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 10 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Segment Information</span></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas: (1) Research Publishing &amp; Platforms, which&#160; includes the Research publishing and Atypon businesses, (2) Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning, which is the former &#8220;Publishing&#8221; segment combined with our corporate training businesses &#8211; previously noted as Professional Assessment and Corporate Learning; and (3) Education Services, which is the online program management business. Prior period segment results have been revised to the new segment presentation. There were no changes to our consolidated financial results.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We report our segment information in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 280. These segments reflect the way our chief operating decision maker evaluates our business performance and manages the operations.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">Segment information is as follows:</span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit:</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">55,646</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">57,317</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">4,911</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21,767</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Contribution to Profit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">74,065</div></td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Adjusted Contribution to Profit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">72,160</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Adjusted Operating Income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">15,294</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">30,054</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Depreciation and Amortization:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">17,153</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">15,365</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">17,577</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

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    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted Contribution to Profit is Contribution to Profit adjusted for restructuring charges (credits). See Note 9, &#8220;Restructuring and Related Charges&#8221; for these charges (credits) by segment.</div></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2134510<br></p></div>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Segment Information (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock', window );">Segment Information</a></td>
<td class="text"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">Segment information is as follows:</span>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

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  <tr>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">55,646</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">57,317</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">4,911</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21,767</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(7,199</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Contribution to Profit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">53,358</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">74,065</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating Income</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Adjusted Contribution to Profit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Adjusted Operating Income</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Depreciation and Amortization:</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">17,153</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">15,365</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted Contribution to Profit is Contribution to Profit adjusted for restructuring charges (credits). See Note 9, &#8220;Restructuring and Related Charges&#8221; for these charges (credits) by segment.</div></td>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME - UNAUDITED - USD ($)<br> shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
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<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
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<td class="nump">127,738<span></span>
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<td class="nump">250,170<span></span>
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<td class="nump">240,426<span></span>
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<td class="nump">10,735<span></span>
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<td class="num">(6,086)<span></span>
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<td class="nump">14,970<span></span>
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<td class="nump">12,683<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses', window );">Total Costs and Expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">418,971<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">374,761<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Operating Income</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,559<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">36,140<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense', window );">Interest Expense</a></td>
<td class="num">(6,077)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,796)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax', window );">Foreign Exchange Transaction Gains (Losses)</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,652<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,729)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestAndOtherIncome', window );">Interest and Other Income</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,833<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,466<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Income Before Taxes</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,967<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">34,081<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Provision for Income Taxes</a></td>
<td class="nump">343<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,786<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net Income</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,624<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 26,295<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract', window );"><strong>Earnings Per Share</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic', window );">Basic (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.06<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.46<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted', window );">Diluted (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.06<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.45<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Weighted Average Number of Common Shares Outstanding</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic', window );">Basic (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">56,536<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,430<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding', window );">Diluted (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">56,905<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">58,114<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Restructuring charges for research and professional development, net of related reversal of severance provisions previously recorded by the Company.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate expense charged against earnings to allocate the cost of intangible assets (nonphysical assets not used in production) in a systematic and rational manner to the periods expected to benefit from such assets. As a noncash expense, this element is added back to net income when calculating cash provided by or used in operations using the indirect method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6388964&amp;loc=d3e16225-109274<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate costs related to goods produced and sold and services rendered by an entity during the reporting period. This excludes costs incurred during the reporting period related to financial services rendered and other revenue generating activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.2(a),(d))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total costs of sales and operating expenses for the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(19))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637232&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=d3e1337-109256<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 52<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117327953&amp;loc=d3e4984-109258<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(21))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=d3e1252-109256<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637391&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 60B<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=SL5780133-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 52<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117327953&amp;loc=d3e4984-109258<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=d3e1252-109256<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637391&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=d3e1337-109256<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(21))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 60B<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=SL5780133-109256<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(19))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637232&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before tax of foreign currency transaction realized and unrealized gain (loss) recognized in the income statement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450222&amp;loc=d3e30840-110895<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109240200&amp;loc=d3e30700-110894<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109240200&amp;loc=d3e30690-110894<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (loss) from continuing operations before deduction of income tax expense (benefit) and income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest, and addition of income (loss) from equity method investments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h)(1)(i))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109238882&amp;loc=d3e38679-109324<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestAndOtherIncome">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of interest income and other income recognized during the period. Included in this element is interest derived from investments in debt securities, cash and cash equivalents, and other investments which reflect the time value of money or transactions in which the payments are for the use or forbearance of money and other income from ancillary business-related activities (that is, excluding major activities considered part of the normal operations of the business).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestAndOtherIncome</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the cost of borrowed funds accounted for as interest expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450988&amp;loc=d3e26243-108391<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775744&amp;loc=d3e28555-108399<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (210.5-03(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04.9)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637391&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637391&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(18))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637232&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(20))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, excluding tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value added and excise.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118956577&amp;loc=SL49130543-203045<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118956577&amp;loc=SL49130545-203045<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate total costs related to selling a firm's product and services, as well as all other general and administrative expenses. Direct selling expenses (for example, credit, warranty, and advertising) are expenses that can be directly linked to the sale of specific products. Indirect selling expenses are expenses that cannot be directly linked to the sale of specific products, for example telephone expenses, Internet, and postal charges. General and administrative expenses include salaries of non-sales personnel, rent, utilities, communication, etc.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68048583&amp;loc=d3e3636-108311<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating diluted EPS or earnings per unit (EPU), determined based on the timing of issuance of shares or units in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=d3e1505-109256<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of [basic] shares or units, after adjustment for contingently issuable shares or units and other shares or units not deemed outstanding, determined by relating the portion of time within a reporting period that common shares or units have been outstanding to the total time in that period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=d3e1448-109256<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6811093872">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonvestedRestrictedStockSharesActivityTableTextBlock', window );">Restricted Stock Data for Awards Granted</a></td>
<td class="text"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following table summarizes restricted stock awards we granted (shares in thousands):</span>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

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    <td colspan="7" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31,</div></td>
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    <td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restricted Stock:</div></td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Awards granted</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">500</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">230</div></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Weighted average fair value of grant</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the changes in outstanding nonvested restricted stock shares.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116856206&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6816643280">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - UNAUDITED - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
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<div>Common Stock [Member] </div>
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<th class="th"><div>Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]</div></th>
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<div>Additional Paid-in Capital [Member] </div>
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<div>Additional Paid-in Capital [Member] </div>
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<th class="th"><div>Retained Earnings [Member]</div></th>
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<div>Retained Earnings [Member] </div>
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<div>Retained Earnings [Member] </div>
<div>Class B [Member]</div>
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<th class="th"><div>Treasury Stock [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Treasury Stock [Member] </div>
<div>Class A [Member]</div>
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<th class="th">
<div>Treasury Stock [Member] </div>
<div>Class B [Member]</div>
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<th class="th"><div>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member] </div>
<div>Class A [Member]</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member] </div>
<div>Class B [Member]</div>
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<th class="th"><div>Total</div></th>
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<th class="th"><div>Class B [Member]</div></th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInStockholdersEquityRollForward', window );"><strong>Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption', window );">Adjustment Due to Adoption of New Revenue Standard</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,503<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,503<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance at Apr. 30, 2018</a></td>
<td class="nump">70,111<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,071<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">407,120<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,834,057<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(694,222)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(439,580)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,190,557<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInStockholdersEquityRollForward', window );"><strong>Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures', window );">Restricted Shares Issued under Stock-based Compensation Plans</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,156)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,203<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">46<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised', window );">Net (Payments)/Proceeds from Exercise of Stock Options and Other</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,594<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,286<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,880<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockGrantedDuringPeriodValueSharebasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based Compensation Expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,930<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,930<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod', window );">Purchase of Treasury Shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7,994)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7,994)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsCommonStockCash', window );">Common Stock Dividends</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (16,022)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (3,021)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (16,022)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (3,021)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityOther', window );">Common Stock Class Conversions</a></td>
<td class="nump">4<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax', window );">Comprehensive (Loss) Income, Net of Tax</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,295<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(32,166)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,871)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance at Jul. 31, 2018</a></td>
<td class="nump">70,115<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,067<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">413,488<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,845,811<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(696,727)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(471,746)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,174,008<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance at Apr. 30, 2019</a></td>
<td class="nump">70,127<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,055<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">422,305<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,931,074<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(746,476)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(508,738)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,181,347<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInStockholdersEquityRollForward', window );"><strong>Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures', window );">Restricted Shares Issued under Stock-based Compensation Plans</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,112)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,219<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">106<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised', window );">Net (Payments)/Proceeds from Exercise of Stock Options and Other</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">107<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,244)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,137)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockGrantedDuringPeriodValueSharebasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based Compensation Expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,604<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,604<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod', window );">Purchase of Treasury Shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(10,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(10,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsCommonStockCash', window );">Common Stock Dividends</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (16,148)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (3,104)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (16,148)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (3,104)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
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<td class="nump">12<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(12)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax', window );">Comprehensive (Loss) Income, Net of Tax</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,624<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(27,286)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(23,662)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance at Jul. 31, 2019</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 70,139<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,043<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 424,904<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,915,445<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (755,501)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (536,024)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,132,006<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income and other comprehensive income, attributable to parent entity. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=d3e557-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of increase (decrease) to equity or (increase) decrease to net assets, resulting from the cumulative effect adjustment of a new accounting principle applied in the period of adoption.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of paid and unpaid common stock dividends declared with the form of settlement in cash.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DividendsCommonStockCash</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value, after forfeiture, of shares granted under share-based payment arrangement. Excludes employee stock ownership plan (ESOP).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116855757&amp;loc=d3e3913-113898<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116859318&amp;loc=d3e15009-113911<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockGrantedDuringPeriodValueSharebasedCompensation</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value of stock related to Restricted Stock Awards issued during the period, net of the stock value of such awards forfeited.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value of stock issued as a result of the exercise of stock options.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29-31)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.E)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27010918&amp;loc=d3e74512-122707<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(31))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquity</td>
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<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityOther">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This element represents movements included in the statement of changes in stockholders' equity which are not separately disclosed or provided for elsewhere in the taxonomy.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity impact of the cost of common and preferred stock that were repurchased during the period. Recorded using the cost method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405813&amp;loc=d3e23239-112655<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6811190752">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Retirement Plans<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Retirement Plans [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Retirement Plans</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 14 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Retirement Plans</span></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The components of net pension income for our global defined benefit plans were as follows:</span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">224</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">233</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interest cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">5,834</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6,212</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(10,059</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(9,902</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net amortization of prior service cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(19</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(24</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Unrecognized net actuarial loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">1,600</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,434</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net pension income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(2,420</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(2,047</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Employer defined benefit pension plan contributions were $4.7 million and $3.6 million for the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The expense for employer defined contribution plans was $4.3 million and $4.5 million for the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</div>
<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for pension and other postretirement benefits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2235017<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6811177008">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Commitments and Contingencies<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Commitments and Contingencies [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Commitments and Contingencies</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 18 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Commitments and Contingencies</span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We are involved in routine litigation in the ordinary course of our business. A provision for litigation is accrued when information available to us indicates that it is probable a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgment may be required to determine both the probability and estimates of loss. When the amount of the loss can only be estimated within a range, the most likely outcome within that range is accrued. If no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, the minimum amount within the range is accrued. When uncertainties exist related to the probable outcome of litigation and/or the amount or range of loss, we do not record a liability, but disclose facts related to the nature of the contingency and possible losses if management considers the information to be material. Reserves for legal defense costs are recognized when incurred. The accruals for loss contingencies and legal costs are reviewed regularly and may be adjusted to reflect updated information on the status of litigation and advice of legal counsel. In the opinion of management, the ultimate resolution of all pending litigation as of July 31, 2019, will not have a material effect upon our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position or Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.</div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for commitments and contingencies.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 450<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2127136<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 440<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2144648<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6808545216">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers, Remaining Performance Obligations, Assets Recognized for the Costs to Obtain or Fulfill a Contract (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenuePerformanceObligationSatisfiedOverTimeAbstract', window );"><strong>Remaining Performance Obligations [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation', window );">Remaining performance obligations</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 422,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets Recognized for the Costs to Obtain or Fulfill a Contract [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet', window );">Costs capitalized</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization', window );">Amortization</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cost of revenue [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Operating and administrative expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">250,170<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">240,426<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis=2019-01-31', window );">Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2019-01-31</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenuePerformanceObligationSatisfiedOverTimeAbstract', window );"><strong>Remaining Performance Obligations [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation', window );">Remaining performance obligations</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 375,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1', window );">Expected timing of satisfaction, period</a></td>
<td class="text">12 months<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis=2020-01-31', window );">Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2020-01-31</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenuePerformanceObligationSatisfiedOverTimeAbstract', window );"><strong>Remaining Performance Obligations [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation', window );">Remaining performance obligations</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1', window );">Expected timing of satisfaction, period</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=us-gaap_ShippingAndHandlingMember', window );">Shipping and Handling [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cost of revenue [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Operating and administrative expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,900<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAbstract</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of amortization expense for asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68051541&amp;loc=SL49131252-203054<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss, of asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68051541&amp;loc=SL49131252-203054<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of transaction price allocated to performance obligation that has not been recognized as revenue.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118956577&amp;loc=SL49130556-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Period in which remaining performance obligation is expected to be recognized as revenue, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118956577&amp;loc=SL49130556-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate total costs related to selling a firm's product and services, as well as all other general and administrative expenses. Direct selling expenses (for example, credit, warranty, and advertising) are expenses that can be directly linked to the sale of specific products. Indirect selling expenses are expenses that cannot be directly linked to the sale of specific products, for example telephone expenses, Internet, and postal charges. General and administrative expenses include salaries of non-sales personnel, rent, utilities, communication, etc.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68048583&amp;loc=d3e3636-108311<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Recent Accounting Standards (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAndIssuedAccountingStandardsAbstract', window );"><strong>Recently Adopted Accounting Standards [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability', window );">Operating lease liabilities at adoption</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 184,683<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="re">
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<td class="nump">$ 147,370<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis=us-gaap_AccountingStandardsUpdate201602Member', window );">ASU 2016-02 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAndIssuedAccountingStandardsAbstract', window );"><strong>Recently Adopted Accounting Standards [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability', window );">Operating lease liabilities at adoption</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">178,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset', window );">ROU assets at adoption</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 142,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAndIssuedAccountingStandardsAbstract</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888419&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's right to use underlying asset under operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888419&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6817352944">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentDetailAbstract', window );"><strong>Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebt', window );">Total debt outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 730.5<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet', window );">Unamortized debt issuance costs</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.8<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount', window );">Variable rate loans outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">731.3<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis=us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember', window );">Interest Rate Swaps [Member] | Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Cash Flow Hedging [Member] | Interest Expense [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentDetailAbstract', window );"><strong>Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet', window );">Net gain (losses) reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.2<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis=us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember', window );">Interest Rate Swaps [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member] | Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Cash Flow Hedging [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentDetailAbstract', window );"><strong>Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeAssets', window );">Assets fair value of derivative instrument</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.3<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.5<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis=us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember', window );">Interest Rate Swaps [Member] | April 2016 Interest Rate Swap (Variable Rate Loans) [Member] | LIBOR [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentDetailAbstract', window );"><strong>Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInceptionDates', window );">Inception date</a></td>
<td class="text">Apr.  04,  2016<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeSwaptionInterestRate', window );">Fixed interest rate to be paid</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.92%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate', window );">Term of variable rate</a></td>
<td class="text">1 month<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeTermOfContract', window );">Term of derivative instrument</a></td>
<td class="text">3 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeMaturityDates', window );">Expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">May 15,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilityNotionalAmount', window );">Notional amount of derivative liability</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 350.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis=us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember', window );">Interest Rate Swaps [Member] | June 2019 Interest Rate Swap (Variable Rate Loans) [Member] | LIBOR [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentDetailAbstract', window );"><strong>Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInceptionDates', window );">Inception date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jun. 24,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeSwaptionInterestRate', window );">Fixed interest rate to be paid</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.65%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate', window );">Term of variable rate</a></td>
<td class="text">1 month<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeTermOfContract', window );">Term of derivative instrument</a></td>
<td class="text">3 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeMaturityDates', window );">Expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jul. 15,  2022<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilityNotionalAmount', window );">Notional amount of derivative liability</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 100.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Term of the interest rate that fluctuates over time based on an underlying benchmark interest rate or index, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after accumulated amortization, of debt issuance costs. Includes, but is not limited to, legal, accounting, underwriting, printing, and registration costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775744&amp;loc=d3e28555-108399<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value, after the effects of master netting arrangements, of a financial asset or other contract with one or more underlyings, notional amount or payment provision or both, and the contract can be net settled by means outside the contract or delivery of an asset. Includes assets not subject to a master netting arrangement and not elected to be offset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99393222&amp;loc=SL20226008-175313<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118260190&amp;loc=d3e13433-108611<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=51824906&amp;loc=SL20225862-175312<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the entity entered into the derivative contract, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeInceptionDates</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentDetailAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentDetailAbstract</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The effective portion of net gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income on derivative instruments designated and qualifying as hedging instruments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4D<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109980867&amp;loc=SL5624177-113959<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4C<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109980867&amp;loc=SL5624171-113959<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilityNotionalAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Nominal or face amount used to calculate payments on the derivative liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109980867&amp;loc=SL5579245-113959<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109980867&amp;loc=SL5580258-113959<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109980867&amp;loc=SL5579245-113959<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilityNotionalAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeMaturityDates">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the derivative contract matures, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeMaturityDates</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeSwaptionInterestRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fixed interest rate that will be received or paid upon exercise of the interest rate swaption contract.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeSwaptionInterestRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeTermOfContract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Period the derivative contract is outstanding, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeTermOfContract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after unamortized (discount) premium and debt issuance costs, of long-term debt. Includes, but not limited to, notes payable, bonds payable, debentures, mortgage loans and commercial paper. Excludes capital lease obligations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (b)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109500613&amp;loc=SL6031897-161870<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermDebt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of the carrying amount of long-term borrowings outstanding as of the balance sheet date, including current maturities, which accrues interest at a rate subject to change from time to time.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis=us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis=us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_HedgingDesignationAxis=us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_HedgingDesignationAxis=us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis=us-gaap_CashFlowHedgingMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis=us-gaap_CashFlowHedgingMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_InterestExpenseMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_InterestExpenseMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis=us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis=us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6803088304">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Retirement Plans (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostAbstract', window );"><strong>Defined benefit plans, net pension expense (income) [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanServiceCost', window );">Service cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 224<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 233<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost', window );">Interest cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,834<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,212<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets', window );">Expected return on plan assets</a></td>
<td class="num">(10,059)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(9,902)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCredit', window );">Net amortization of prior service cost</a></td>
<td class="num">(19)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(24)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses', window );">Unrecognized net actuarial loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,434<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost', window );">Net pension income</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,420)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,047)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanContributionsByEmployer', window );">Employer defined benefit pension plan contributions</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,600<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanAdministrativeExpenses', window );">Expense for employer defined contribution plans</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,500<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of gain (loss) recognized in net periodic benefit (cost) credit of defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)(4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)(4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCredit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of prior service cost (credit) recognized in net periodic benefit cost (credit) of defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)(5)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)(5)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCredit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanContributionsByEmployer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of contribution received by defined benefit plan from employer which increases plan assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(iv)(01)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(ii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanContributionsByEmployer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expected return (loss) recognized in net periodic benefit (cost) credit, calculated based on expected long-term rate of return and market-related value of plan assets of defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cost recognized for passage of time related to defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of net periodic benefit cost (credit) for defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
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</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanServiceCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cost for actuarial present value of benefits attributed to service rendered by employee for defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanServiceCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanAdministrativeExpenses">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of administrative expense incurred by defined contribution plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanAdministrativeExpenses</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6807198960">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding (Details) - shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract', window );"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic', window );">Weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">56,564,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,510,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock', window );">Less: Unvested restricted shares (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="num">(28,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(80,000)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic', window );">Shares used for basic earnings per share (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">56,536,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,430,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements', window );">Dilutive effect of stock options and other stock awards (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">369,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">684,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding', window );">Shares used for diluted earnings per share (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">56,905,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">58,114,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember', window );">Stock Options [Member] | Class A Common [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding and Share Repurchases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Anti-dilutive shares excluded from diluted EPS calculation (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">252,704<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember', window );">Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding and Share Repurchases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssued1', window );">Warrants issued during period (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember', window );">Warrants [Member] | Class A Common [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding and Share Repurchases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Anti-dilutive shares excluded from diluted EPS calculation (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">511,094<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember', window );">Restricted Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding and Share Repurchases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Anti-dilutive shares excluded from diluted EPS calculation (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Securities (including those issuable pursuant to contingent stock agreements) that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share (EPS) or earnings per unit (EPU) in the future that were not included in the computation of diluted EPS or EPU because to do so would increase EPS or EPU amounts or decrease loss per share or unit amounts for the period presented.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Additional shares included in the calculation of diluted EPS as a result of the potentially dilutive effect of share based payment arrangements using the treasury stock method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=d3e1500-109256<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssued1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of warrants issued as [noncash or part noncash] consideration for a business or asset acquired. Noncash is defined as transactions during a period that affect recognized assets or liabilities but that do not result in cash receipts or cash payments in the period. "Part noncash" refers to that portion of the transaction not resulting in cash receipts or cash payments in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4304-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4313-108586<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4332-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssued1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating diluted EPS or earnings per unit (EPU), determined based on the timing of issuance of shares or units in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=d3e1505-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This element represents the weighted average total number of shares issued throughout the period including the first (beginning balance outstanding) and last (ending balance outstanding) day of the period before considering any reductions (for instance, shares held in treasury) to arrive at the weighted average number of shares outstanding. Weighted average relates to the portion of time within a reporting period that common shares have been issued and outstanding to the total time in that period. Such concept is used in determining the weighted average number of shares outstanding for purposes of calculating earnings per share (basic).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=d3e1448-109256<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=d3e2646-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of [basic] shares or units, after adjustment for contingently issuable shares or units and other shares or units not deemed outstanding, determined by relating the portion of time within a reporting period that common shares or units have been outstanding to the total time in that period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=d3e1448-109256<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares of restricted stock determined by relating the portion of time within a reporting period that restricted shares have been outstanding to the total time in that period. Restricted shares are subject to sales, contractual, regulatory or other restrictions that prevent or inhibit the holder from freely disposing of them before the restriction ends.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=d3e2646-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>44
<FILENAME>R55.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6803092336">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Inventories (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Inventories [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods', window );">Finished goods</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 36,050<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 33,736<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess', window );">Work-in-process</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,843<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,094<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials', window );">Paper and other materials</a></td>
<td class="nump">354<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">373<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryGross', window );">Gross inventory</a></td>
<td class="nump">40,247<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">36,203<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns', window );">Inventory value of estimated sales returns</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,585<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,739<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve', window );">LIFO reserve</a></td>
<td class="num">(4,021)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,360)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet', window );">Total inventories</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 44,811<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 35,582<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of inventory reserves for estimated sales returns.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before valuation and LIFO reserves of completed merchandise or goods expected to be sold within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Gross amount, as of the balance sheet date, of merchandise, goods, commodities, or supplies held for future sale or to be used in manufacturing, servicing or production process.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount by which inventory stated at last-in first-out (LIFO) is less than (in excess of) inventory stated at other inventory cost methods.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(c))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after valuation and LIFO reserves of inventory expected to be sold, or consumed within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116846819&amp;loc=d3e3927-108312<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before valuation and LIFO reserves of raw materials expected to be sold, or consumed within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a)(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before valuation and LIFO reserves of merchandise or goods in the production process expected to be completed within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a)(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>45
<FILENAME>R34.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6803217632">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract', window );"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfWeightedAverageNumberOfSharesTableTextBlock', window );">Reconciliation of Shares used in Computation of Earnings Per Share</a></td>
<td class="text"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">A reconciliation of the shares used in the computation of earnings per share follows:</span>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zea71eb01770e4c5b9c919862d27b3152" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">57,510</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Less: Unvested restricted shares</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(28</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(80</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Shares used for basic earnings per share</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">56,536</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">57,430</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Dilutive effect of stock options and other stock awards</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">369</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">684</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Shares used for diluted earnings per share</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">56,905</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">58,114</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the weighted average number of shares used in calculating basic net earnings per share (or unit) and diluted earnings per share (or unit).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6803334272">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS - UNAUDITED (Parenthetical) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Comprehensive Loss:</strong></a></td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodTax', window );">Unamortized retirement costs, tax (expense)</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (2,180)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (2,488)<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodTax', window );">Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swaps, tax benefit</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 44<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 204<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of tax expense (benefit) for (increase) decrease in value of benefit obligation for change in actuarial assumptions and increase (decrease) in value of plan assets from experience different from that assumed of defined benefit plan, that has not been recognized in net periodic benefit (cost) credit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=d3e640-108580<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of tax expense (benefit), before reclassification adjustments, related to increase (decrease) in accumulated gain (loss) from derivative instruments designated and qualifying as the effective portion of cash flow hedges and an entity's share of an equity investee's increase (decrease) in deferred hedging gain (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=d3e640-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669646-108580<br></p></div>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>47
<FILENAME>R2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6807674208">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION - UNAUDITED - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current Assets</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 104,025<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 92,890<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">281,055<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">294,867<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet', window );">Inventories, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">44,811<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">35,582<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">61,292<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">67,441<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Total Current Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">491,183<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">490,780<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets', window );">Product Development Assets, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">60,093<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">62,470<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdvanceRoyaltiesNoncurrent', window );">Royalty Advances, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">26,788<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">36,185<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Technology, Property and Equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">292,535<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">289,021<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill', window );">Intangible Assets, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">878,269<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">865,572<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,121,783<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">1,095,666<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset', window );">Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">147,370<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent', window );">Other Non-Current Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">102,052<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">97,308<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,120,073<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">2,937,002<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current Liabilities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">60,213<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">90,980<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedRoyaltiesCurrent', window );">Accrued royalties</a></td>
<td class="nump">88,162<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">78,062<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent', window );">Short-term portion of long-term debt</a></td>
<td class="nump">6,250<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent', window );">Contract liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">408,630<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">507,365<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Accrued employment costs</a></td>
<td class="nump">64,215<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">97,230<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesCurrent', window );">Accrued income taxes</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,418<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">21,025<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent', window );">Short-term portion of operating lease liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">18,041<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Other accrued liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">75,896<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">75,900<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Total Current Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">732,825<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">870,562<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent', window );">Long-Term Debt</a></td>
<td class="nump">724,291<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">478,790<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilitiesNoncurrent', window );">Accrued Pension Liability</a></td>
<td class="nump">154,529<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">166,331<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent', window );">Deferred Income Tax Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">141,316<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">143,775<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Operating Lease Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">166,642<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent', window );">Other Long-Term Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">68,464<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">96,197<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Liabilities', window );">Total Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,988,067<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">1,755,655<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Shareholders' Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue', window );">Preferred Stock, $1 par value: Authorized - 2 million, Issued 0</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital', window );">Additional paid-in-capital</a></td>
<td class="nump">424,904<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">422,305<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Retained earnings</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,915,445<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">1,931,074<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(536,024)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="num">(508,738)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue', window );">Treasury stock</a></td>
<td class="num">(755,501)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="num">(746,476)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Total Shareholders' Equity</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,132,006<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">1,181,347<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,120,073<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">2,937,002<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Shareholders' Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Common Stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">70,139<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">70,127<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Shareholders' Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Common Stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,043<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,055<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">The sales return reserve recorded in Contract Liability is $33.4 million and $25.9 million, as of July 31, 2019 and April 30, 2019, respectively.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Product development assets consist of composition costs and royalty advances to authors. Composition costs, primarily represent the costs incurred to bring an edited commercial manuscript to publication including typesetting, proofreading, design and illustration, etc. Royalty advances to authors are capitalized and, upon publication, are recovered as royalties earned by the authors based on sales of the published works.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after allowance for credit loss, of right to consideration from customer for product sold and service rendered in normal course of business, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118956577&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118952595&amp;loc=d3e4428-111522<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118952595&amp;loc=d3e4531-111522<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of the unpaid sum of the known and estimated amounts payable to satisfy all currently due domestic and foreign income tax obligations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(15)(b)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(15)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(20))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedRoyaltiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred through that date and payable for royalties. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6911-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6935-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedRoyaltiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accumulated change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, net of tax effect, at period end. Excludes Net Income (Loss), and accumulated changes in equity from transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Includes foreign currency translation items, certain pension adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt and equity securities, other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses related to factors other than credit losses on available-for-sale and held-to-maturity debt securities that an entity does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost basis, as well as changes in the fair value of derivatives related to the effective portion of a designated cash flow hedge.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=d3e681-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Excess of issue price over par or stated value of the entity's capital stock and amounts received from other transactions involving the entity's stock or stockholders. Includes adjustments to additional paid in capital. Some examples of such adjustments include recording the issuance of debt with a beneficial conversion feature and certain tax consequences of equity instruments awarded to employees. Use this element for the aggregate amount of additional paid-in capital associated with common and preferred stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only common stock, use the element additional paid in capital, common stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only preferred stock, use the element additional paid in capital, preferred stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdvanceRoyaltiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount paid to music publishers, record producers, songwriters, or other artists in advance of their earning royalties from record or music sales. Such an amount is based on contractual terms and is generally nonrefundable. This amount is expected to be consumed after one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 928<br> -SubTopic 340<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6473541&amp;loc=d3e61799-108003<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdvanceRoyaltiesNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Assets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are recognized. Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(12))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Assets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are expected to be realized in cash, sold, or consumed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer). Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6801-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.9)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable common stock (or common stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable common shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118944033&amp;loc=SL49130531-203044<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118944033&amp;loc=SL49130532-203044<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118956577&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Gross amount of noncurrent deferred tax liabilities, which result from applying the applicable tax rate to taxable temporary differences pertaining to each jurisdiction to which the entity is obligated to pay income tax.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116821951&amp;loc=d3e31917-109318<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGrossNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilitiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liability, recognized in statement of financial position, for defined benefit pension plan, classified as noncurrent. Excludes other postretirement benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(24))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237824&amp;loc=d3e1731-114919<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237824&amp;loc=d3e1703-114919<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilitiesNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of the carrying values as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred through that date and payable for obligations related to services received from employees, such as accrued salaries and bonuses, payroll taxes and fringe benefits. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Goodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77989000&amp;loc=SL49117168-202975<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99380562&amp;loc=d3e13770-109266<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Goodwill</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts of all intangible assets, excluding goodwill, as of the balance sheet date, net of accumulated amortization and impairment charges.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph ((a)(1),(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6388964&amp;loc=d3e16212-109274<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after valuation and LIFO reserves of inventory expected to be sold, or consumed within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116846819&amp;loc=d3e3927-108312<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Liabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all liabilities that are recognized. Liabilities are probable future sacrifices of economic benefits arising from present obligations of an entity to transfer assets or provide services to other entities in the future.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19-26)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Liabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities and equity items, including the portion of equity attributable to noncontrolling interests, if any.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(25))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(32))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total obligations incurred as part of normal operations that are expected to be paid during the following twelve months or within one business cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.21)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after unamortized (discount) premium and debt issuance costs, of long-term debt, classified as current. Includes, but not limited to, notes payable, bonds payable, debentures, mortgage loans and commercial paper. Excludes capital lease obligations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19,20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after unamortized (discount) premium and debt issuance costs of long-term debt classified as noncurrent and excluding amounts to be repaid within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer. Includes, but not limited to, notes payable, bonds payable, debentures, mortgage loans and commercial paper. Excludes capital lease obligations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888419&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888419&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's right to use underlying asset under operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888419&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncurrent assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities classified as other, due within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6904-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6911-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities classified as other, due after one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.24)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable preferred stock (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable preferred shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for costs that provide economic benefits in future periods, and amount of other assets that are expected to be realized or consumed within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(7))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(8))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cumulative amount of the reporting entity's undistributed earnings or deficit.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.E)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27010918&amp;loc=d3e74512-122707<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(31))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount allocated to treasury stock. Treasury stock is common and preferred shares of an entity that were issued, repurchased by the entity, and are held in its treasury.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6799721424">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
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<td class="text"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas. See Note 10, &#8220;Segment Information,&#8221; for more details. The following table presents our revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type.</span>
<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

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    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">82,390</div></td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock', window );">Contract Asset and Liability Balances</a></td>
<td class="text"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following table provides information about receivables and contract liabilities from contracts with customers.</span>
<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z8318a36a7a8a4bdfa71fb460e8135d43" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accounts receivable, net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(13,812</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Contract liability <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">408,630</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">507,365</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(98,735</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Contract liability (included in Other Long-Term Liabilities)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">13,752</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10,722</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,030</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z78602c09feff40a1a8b0736f58a82697" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The sales return reserve recorded in Contract Liability is $33.4 million and $25.9 million, as of July 31, 2019 and April 30, 2019, respectively.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of contract balances and changes in contract balances.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118956577&amp;loc=SL49130551-203045<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of disaggregation of revenue into categories depicting how nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factor.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118956577&amp;loc=SL49130545-203045<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6803186752">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Goodwill and Intangible Assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTextBlock', window );">Activity in Goodwill by Segment</a></td>
<td class="text"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following table summarizes the activity in goodwill by segment as of July 31, 2019</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">:</span>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z87a49f52c8f64cc3be9166e1f402e4f4" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> </span>&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Acquisitions <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Translation</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjustment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">438,511</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">844</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(15,953</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">423,402</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">458,145</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">41,771</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(545</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">499,371</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">199,010</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">199,010</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,095,666</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">42,615</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(16,498</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">1,121,783</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z5928c3d2325d42a08a047912b11af3d0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Refer to Note 3, &#8220;Acquisitions,&#8221; for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock', window );">Intangible Assets</a></td>
<td class="text"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">Identifiable intangible assets, net consisted of the following:</span>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zc0a56cfada8b4eb69178e73329684311" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Brands and Trademarks <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">12,993</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Covenants not to Compete</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">395</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">445</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Developed Technology <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">22,109</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">663,323</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">648,440</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Intangible Assets with Indefinite Lives:</span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Brands and Trademarks</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">128,817</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">130,909</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Content and Publishing Rights</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">86,129</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">86,223</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">214,946</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">217,132</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Intangible Assets, Net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">878,269</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">865,572</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z54d78456c00c4738b93afdd896f53b45" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Refer to Note 3, &#8220;Acquisitions,&#8221; for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the carrying value of intangible assets, excluding goodwill, in total and by major class. A major class is composed of intangible assets that can be grouped together because they are similar, either by their nature or by their use in the operations of the company.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6811190208">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 4 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers</span></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Disaggregation of Revenue</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas. See Note 10, &#8220;Segment Information,&#8221; for more details. The following table presents our revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type.</span></div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z7382c9c824d1460cae588fad1d5cfd28" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">216,714</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">216,714</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">8,603</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Publishing</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">74,034</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">29,160</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">29,160</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">225,317</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">156,424</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">29,160</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">410,901</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Accounts Receivable, net and Contract Liability Balances</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">When consideration is received, or such consideration is unconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services to the customer under the terms of a contract, a contract liability is recorded. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue when, or as, control of the products or services are transferred to the customer and all revenue recognition criteria have been met.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following table provides information about receivables and contract liabilities from contracts with customers.</span></div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z8318a36a7a8a4bdfa71fb460e8135d43" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Increase/</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(Decrease)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Balances from contracts with customers:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accounts receivable, net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">281,055</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">294,867</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(13,812</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Contract liability <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">408,630</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">507,365</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(98,735</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Contract liability (included in Other Long-Term Liabilities)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">13,752</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10,722</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

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    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The sales return reserve recorded in Contract Liability is $33.4 million and $25.9 million, as of July 31, 2019 and April 30, 2019, respectively.</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revenue recognized for the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019 relating to the contract liability at April 30, 2019 was $194.3 million.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Remaining Performance Obligations included in Contract Liability</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of July 31, 2019, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations is approximately $422.4 million, which included the sales return reserve of $33.4 million. Excluding the sales return reserve, we expect that approximately $375.2 million will be recognized in the next twelve months with the remaining $13.8 million to be recognized thereafter.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Assets Recognized for the Costs to Fulfill a Contract</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Costs to fulfill a contract are directly related to a contract that will be used to satisfy a performance obligation in the future and are expected to be recovered. These types of costs are incurred in the following revenue streams, (1) <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Research Platforms and (2) Education Services.</span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our assets associated with incremental costs to fulfill a contract were $9.5 million at July 31, 2019 and are included within Other Non-Current Assets on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. We recorded amortization expense of $1.0 million and $0.8 million during the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, related to these assets within Cost of Sales on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Sales and value-added taxes are excluded from revenues. Shipping and handling costs, which are primarily incurred within the Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning segment, occur before the transfer of control of the related goods. Therefore, in accordance with the new revenue standard, it is not considered a promised service to the customer and would be considered a cost to fulfill our promise to transfer the goods. Costs incurred for third party shipping and handling are primarily reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. We incurred $7.4 million and $7.9 million in shipping and handling costs in the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=49130388<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6811179072">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract', window );"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock', window );">Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding</a></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 8 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding</span></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">A reconciliation of the shares used in the computation of earnings per share follows:</span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zea71eb01770e4c5b9c919862d27b3152" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Weighted average shares outstanding</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Less: Unvested restricted shares</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Shares used for diluted earnings per share</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">56,905</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">58,114</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Since their inclusion in the calculation of diluted earnings per share would have been anti-dilutive, options to purchase 252,704 shares of Class A Common Stock have been excluded for the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019. There were no options excluded for the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2018.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Warrants to purchase 511,094 shares of Class A Common Stock have not been included for the three months ended July 31, 2019. There were no warrants issued during the three months ended July 31, 2018.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">There were no restricted shares excluded for the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019 and July 31, 2018.</div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6803163520">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Recent Accounting Standards (Policies)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesAbstract', window );"><strong>Recent Accounting Standards [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Recently Adopted Accounting Standards</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Recently Adopted Accounting Standards</div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02 &#8220;Income Statement&#8212;Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income,&#8221; which allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The standard was effective for us on May 1, 2019, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. We adopted ASU 2018-02 on May 1, 2019. We did not elect to reclassify the income tax effects from comprehensive income to retained earnings for the stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Our policy for releasing the income tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income is when the corresponding pretax accumulated other comprehensive income items are reclassified to earnings.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities,&#8221; to simplify and improve the application and financial reporting of hedge accounting. Subsequently, in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-1<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">6, &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap (OIS) Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes&#8221;.&#160; ASU 2017-12</span> eases the requirements for measuring and reporting hedge ineffectiveness and clarifies that changes in the fair value of hedging instruments for cash flow, net investment, and fair value hedges should be reflected in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. The guidance also permits entities to designate specific components in cash flow and interest rate hedges as the hedged risk, instead of using total cash flows. ASU 2018-16 allows the use of the OIS rate based on the SOFR as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for hedge accounting purposes. These ASUs were effective for us on May 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. We adopted ASU 2017-12, 2018-06 and 2019-04, for those portions related to ASU 2017-02, on May 1, 2019 and there was no impact to our consolidated financial statements at the date of adoption. The future impact will depend on any future hedging activities we may enter into.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leases</div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)&#8221;. Subsequently, the FASB issued in March 2019, ASU 2019-01, &#8220;Leases (Topic 842): Codification Improvements&#8221;, in December 2018 ASU 2018-20, &#8220;Leases (Topic 842): Narrow Scope Improvements for Lessors&#8221;,&#160;and in July 2018 the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, &#8220;Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements&#8221; and ASU 2018-10, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases&#8221;.&#160; ASU 2016-02 requires an entity to recognize a right-of-use asset (&#8220;ROU&#8221;) and lease liability for all leases with terms of more than 12 months and provide enhanced disclosures. Recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses depends on classification as a finance or operating lease. Similar modifications have been made to lessor accounting in-line with revenue recognition guidance.</div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The new standard provides a number of optional practical expedients in transition. We elected the practical expedients to forgo a reassessment of (1) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (2) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and (3) initial direct costs.&#160; We did not elect the practical expedient allowing the use-of-hindsight which would have required us to reassess the lease term of our leases based on all facts and circumstances through the effective date.&#160; In addition, we did not elect the practical expedient pertaining to land easements.</div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In addition, the new standard provides as a practical expedient, certain policy elections for ongoing lease accounting which we elected at the date of adoption and included the following, (i) to not separate nonlease components from the associated lease component if certain conditions are met, and (ii) to not recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for leases that qualify as short-term.</div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The standard was effective for us on May 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. A modified retrospective transition approach was required, applying the standard to all leases existing at the date of initial application. A company could choose to use either (1) its effective date or (2) the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements as of its date of initial application. We adopted the new standard on May 1, 2019 and used the effective date as the date of initial application. Accordingly, previously reported financial information was not updated, and the disclosures required under the new standard will not be provided for dates and periods before May 1, 2019.&#160;</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">At adoption, we recognized operating lease liabilities of $178 million based on the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments for existing operating leases and ROU assets of $142 million on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. The difference between the ROU assets and operating lease liabilities represents the existing deferred rent liabilities, prepaid rent balances, and applicable restructuring liabilities, which were reclassified upon adoption to reduce the measurement of the ROU assets. The adoption of the standard did not have an impact on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Shareholders&#8217; Equity, Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income or Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow. See Note 5, &#8220;Operating Leases&#8221;, for further details on our operating leases.</div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock', window );">Recently Issued Accounting Standards</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Recently Issued Accounting Standards</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software: Customer&#8217;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, &#8220;Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer&#8217;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract.&#8221; ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, &#8220;Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans.&#8221; ASU 2018-14 removes certain disclosures that are not considered cost beneficial, clarifies certain required disclosures and added additional disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2021, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in ASU 2018-14 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis.&#160; We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.</div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement</div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, &#8220;Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.&#8221; ASU 2018-13 removes, modifies and added disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Certain disclosures in ASU 2018-13 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis and others on a prospective basis. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, &#8220;Intangibles&#8211;Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): &#8220;Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment&#8221;, which simplifies the measurement of a potential goodwill impairment charge by eliminating the requirement to calculate an implied fair value of the goodwill based on the fair value of a reporting unit&#8217;s other assets and liabilities. The new guidance eliminates the implied fair value method and instead measures a potential impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit&#8217;s carrying value compared to its fair value. The impairment charge cannot exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Based on our most recent annual goodwill impairment test completed in the year ended April 30, 2019, we expect no impact upon adoption.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, &#8220;Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.&#8221; Subsequently, in May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05 - "Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief&#8221;, in April 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-04, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments,&#8221; and in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses&#8221;.&#160; ASU 2016-13 requires entities to measure all expected credit losses for most financial assets held at the reporting date based on an expected loss model which includes historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Entities will now use forward-looking information to better form their credit loss estimates. ASU 2016-13 also requires enhanced disclosures to help financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an entity&#8217;s portfolio. ASU 2016-13, ASU 2019-05, ASU 2019-04 and ASU 2018-19 are effective for us on May 1, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal periods, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>
<span></span>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6811173568">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Goodwill and Intangible Assets<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Goodwill and Intangible Assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Goodwill and Intangible Assets</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 12 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Goodwill and Intangible Assets</span></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Goodwill</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following table summarizes the activity in goodwill by segment as of July 31, 2019</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">:</span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z87a49f52c8f64cc3be9166e1f402e4f4" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> </span>&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Acquisitions <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Translation</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjustment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">438,511</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">844</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(15,953</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">423,402</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">458,145</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">41,771</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(545</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">499,371</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">199,010</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">199,010</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,095,666</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">42,615</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(16,498</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">1,121,783</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z5928c3d2325d42a08a047912b11af3d0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Refer to Note 3, &#8220;Acquisitions,&#8221; for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas. See Note 10, &#8220;Segment Information,&#8221; for more details. Due to this reorganization, we have reallocated goodwill to our reporting units using a relative fair value approach. We tested goodwill for impairment immediately before and after the reorganization, and we concluded that the fair values of the reporting units were above their carrying values and, therefore, there was no indication of impairment.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Intangible Assets</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">Identifiable intangible assets, net consisted of the following:</span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zc0a56cfada8b4eb69178e73329684311" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Intangible Assets with Determinable Lives, net:</span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Content and Publishing Rights <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">378,803</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">389,172</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Customer Relationships <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Refer to Note 3, &#8220;Acquisitions,&#8221; for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019.</div></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6811121168">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 16 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities</span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">From time-to-time, we enter into forward exchange and interest rate swap contracts as a hedge against foreign currency asset and liability commitments, changes in interest rates and anticipated transaction exposures, including intercompany purchases. All derivatives are recognized as assets or liabilities and measured at fair value on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Derivatives that are not determined to be effective hedges are adjusted to fair value with a corresponding adjustment to earnings. We do not use financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Interest Rate Contracts</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of July 31, 2019, we had total debt outstanding of $730.5 million, net of unamortized issuance costs of $0.8 million of which&#160; $731.3 million are variable rate loans outstanding under the Amended and Restated RCA, which approximated fair value.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On June 24, 2019 we entered into a forward starting interest rate swap agreement, which fixed a portion of the variable interest due on our Amended RCA. Under the terms of the agreement, we pay a fixed rate of 1.650% and receive a variable rate of interest based on one month LIBOR from the counterparty which is reset every month for a three-year period ending July 15, 2022. As of July 31, 2019, the notional amount of the interest rate swap was $100.0 million. It is management&#8217;s intention that the notional amount of interest rate swaps be less than the variable rate loans outstanding during the life of the derivatives.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On April 4, 2016, we entered into a forward starting interest rate swap agreement which fixed a portion of the variable interest due on a variable rate debt renewal on May 16, 2016. Under the terms of the agreement, which expired on May 15, 2019, we paid a fixed rate of&#160; 0.92% and receive a variable rate of interest based on one month LIBOR from the counterparty which was reset every month for a three-year period ending May 15, 2019.&#160; Prior to expiration, the notional amount of the interest rate swap was $350.0 million.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of July 31, 2019 and April 30, 2019, the interest rate swap agreements maintained by us were designated as cash flow hedges as defined under ASC 815 &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging.&#8221; As a result, there was no impact on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps as they were fully offset by changes in the interest expense on the underlying variable rate debt instruments.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We record the fair value of our interest rate swaps on a recurring basis using Level 2 inputs of quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets. The fair value of the interest rate swaps as of July 31, 2019 and April 30, 2019 was a deferred gain of $0.3 million and $0.5 million, respectively. Based on the maturity dates of the contracts, the entire deferred gain as of July 31, 2019 was recorded Other Non-Current Assets and as of April 30, 2019 was recorded within Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets. The pre-tax gains that were reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Interest Expense for the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018 were $0.2 million and $1.0 million, respectively.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Foreign Currency Contracts</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We may enter into forward exchange contracts to manage our exposure on certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. The forward exchange contracts are marked to market through Foreign Exchange Transaction (Losses) Gains in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and carried at their fair value in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities are remeasured at spot rates in effect on the balance sheet date, with the effects of changes in spot rates reported in Foreign Exchange Transaction Gains (Losses) in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of July 31, 2019, and April 30, 2019, we did not maintain any open forward exchange contracts. In addition, we did not maintain any open forward contracts during the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019 and 2018.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6817417056">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers, Disaggregation of Revenue (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Research Platforms</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 423,530<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 410,901<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_ResearchPublishingMember', window );">Research Publishing [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Research Platforms</a></td>
<td class="nump">219,927<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">216,714<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember', window );">Research Platforms [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Research Platforms</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,448<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,603<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_EducationPublishingMember', window );">Education Publishing [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Research Platforms</a></td>
<td class="nump">65,523<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">74,034<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember', window );">Professional Learning [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Research Platforms</a></td>
<td class="nump">79,335<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">82,390<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember', window );">Education Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Research Platforms</a></td>
<td class="nump">49,297<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">29,160<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Research Publishing &amp; Platforms [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Research Platforms</a></td>
<td class="nump">229,375<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">225,317<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Research Publishing &amp; Platforms [Member] | Research Publishing [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Research Platforms</a></td>
<td class="nump">219,927<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">216,714<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Research Publishing &amp; Platforms [Member] | Research Platforms [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Research Platforms</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,448<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,603<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Research Platforms</a></td>
<td class="nump">144,858<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">156,424<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning [Member] | Education Publishing [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Research Platforms</a></td>
<td class="nump">65,523<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">74,034<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning [Member] | Professional Learning [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Research Platforms</a></td>
<td class="nump">79,335<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">82,390<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Education Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
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<td class="nump">49,297<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">29,160<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Education Services [Member] | Education Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Research Platforms</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 49,297<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 29,160<span></span>
</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6799950176">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
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<td class="text"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following is a summary of changes during the three months ended July 31, in shares of our common stock and common stock in treasury (shares in thousands).</span>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restricted shares issued under stock-based compensation plans - PSU Awards</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restricted shares, forfeited</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restricted shares issued from exercise of stock options</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Shares withheld for taxes</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">33</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of shares held, end of period</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of Common Stock A outstanding, end of period</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z9577498661e54d7cb76319f745750d6b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6803137216">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
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<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The period of time during which certain financial performance-based targets must be achieved in order to trigger payment of performance-based restricted stock awards under the terms of the long-term incentive plans, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ShareBasedCompensationDataForAwardsGrantedByCompanyAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expense for award under share-based payment arrangement. Excludes amount capitalized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116856206&amp;loc=d3e5047-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 14.F)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115993241&amp;loc=d3e301413-122809<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (h)(1)(i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116856206&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsAdditionalDisclosuresAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of grants made during the period on other than stock (or unit) option plans (for example, phantom stock or unit plan, stock or unit appreciation rights plan, performance target plan).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116856206&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Per share or unit weighted-average fair value of nonvested award under share-based payment arrangement. Excludes share and unit options.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(i)-(ii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116856206&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6803137120">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Inventories<br></strong></div></th>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 11 </span>&#8212; <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Inventories</span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">Inventories, net were as follows:</span></div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">40,247</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">36,203</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">8,585</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,739</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(4,021</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4,360</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Inventories</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">44,811</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">35,582</div></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for inventory. Includes, but is not limited to, the basis of stating inventory, the method of determining inventory cost, the classes of inventory, and the nature of the cost elements included in inventory.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2126998<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6811208096">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Debt and Available Credit Facilities<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Debt and Available Credit Facilities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Debt and Available Credit Facilities</a></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 15 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Debt and Available Credit Facilities</span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Amended and Restated RCA</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On May 30, 2019, we entered into a credit agreement that amended and restated our existing revolving credit agreement (&#8220;Amended and Restated RCA&#8221;). The Amended and Restated RCA provides for senior unsecured credit facilities comprised of a (i) five-year revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount up to $1.25 billion, and (ii) a five-year term loan A facility consisting of $250 million.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under the terms of the Amended and Restated RCA, which can be drawn in multiple currencies, we have the option of borrowing at the following floating interest rates:&#160;(i) at a rate based on the London Interbank Offered Rate (&#8220;LIBOR&#8221;) plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.98% to 1.50%, depending on our consolidated net leverage ratio, as defined, or (ii) at the lender&#8217;s base rate plus an applicable margin ranging from zero to 0.50%, depending on our consolidated net leverage ratio.&#160;The lender&#8217;s base rate is defined as the highest of (i) the U.S. federal funds effective rate plus a 0.50% margin, (ii) the Eurocurrency rate, as defined, plus a 1.00% margin, or (iii) the Bank of America prime lending rate. In addition, we pay a facility fee for the revolving credit facility ranging from 0.15% to 0.25% depending on our consolidated net leverage ratio.&#160;We also have the option to request an increase in the revolving credit facility by an amount not to exceed $500 million, in minimum increments of $50 million, subject to the approval of the lenders.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amended and Restated RCA</span> contains certain customary affirmative and negative covenants, including a financial covenant in the form of a consolidated net leverage ratio and consolidated interest coverage ratio, which we were in compliance with as of July 31, 2019.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We incurred an immaterial loss on the write-off of unamortized deferred costs in connection with the refinancing of our RCA (as defined below) which is reflected in Interest and Other Income on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended July 31, 2019.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We incurred $4.0 million of costs related to the Amended and Restated RCA which resulted in total costs capitalized of $5.2 million.&#160; The amount related to the term loan A facility is $0.9 million, consisting of $0.8 million of lender fees and recorded as a reduction to Long-Term Debt and $0.1 million of non-lender fees included in Other Non-Current Assets. The amount related to the five-year revolving credit facility is $4.3 million, all of which is included in Other Non-Current Assets.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The amortization expense of the lender and non-lender fees is recognized over the five-year term of the Amended and Restated RCA. Total amortization expense in the three months ended July 31, 2019 was $0.2 million and is included in Interest Expense on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our total debt outstanding as of July 31, 2019 was $730.5 million, which included $6.3 million of current portion of long-term debt related to our term loan A under the Amended and Restated RCA and long-term debt of $724.3 million. The long-term debt consisted of $243.0 million related to our term loan A under the Amended and Restated RCA, net of unamortized issuance costs of $0.8 million and $481.3 million related to the revolving credit facility under the Amended and Restated RCA.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">RCA</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of April 30, 2019, total debt outstanding was $478.8 million, which consisted of amounts due under our RCA.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We had a revolving credit agreement (&#8220;RCA&#8221;) with a syndicated bank group led by Bank of America. The RCA consisted of a $1.1 billion five-year senior revolving credit facility payable March 1, 2021. Since there were no principal payments due until the end of the agreement in the year ended April 30, 2021, we had classified our entire debt obligation as long-term as of April 30, 2019.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2208564<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6799649888">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Basis of Presentation (Policies)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Basis of Presentation [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock', window );">Basis of Presentation</a></td>
<td class="text"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">Throughout this report, when we refer to &#8220;Wiley,&#8221; the &#8220;Company,&#8221; &#8220;we,&#8221; &#8220;our,&#8221; or &#8220;us,&#8221; we are referring to John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. and all our subsidiaries, except where the context indicates otherwise.</span>
<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include all the accounts of the Company and our subsidiaries. We have eliminated all intercompany transactions and balances in consolidation. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Condition, Results of Operations, Comprehensive Income and Cash Flows for the periods presented. Operating results for the interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full year. All amounts are in thousands, except per share amounts, and approximate due to rounding. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the most recent audited consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019 as filed with the SEC on July 1, 2019 (&#8220;2019 Form 10-K&#8221;).</div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">Our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in accordance with the interim reporting requirements of the SEC. As permitted under those rules, annual footnotes or other financial information that are normally required by U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted. The preparation of our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.</span>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription', window );">Reclassifications</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year&#8217;s presentation. The Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended July 31, 2018, includes a reclassification of $4.5 million between Operating Activities within the net change in operating assets and liabilities and Investing Activities related to costs to fulfill a contract and product development spending.&#160; In addition, for the three months ended July 31, 2018, amortization expense related to costs to fulfill a contract of $0.8 million was reclassed from amortization of product development spending to other non-cash charges (credits) within Operating Activities.</div>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for basis of accounting, or basis of presentation, used to prepare the financial statements (for example, US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, Other Comprehensive Basis of Accounting, IFRS).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for reclassifications that affects the comparability of the financial statements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 205<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6359566&amp;loc=d3e326-107755<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription</td>
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6980698112">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 24, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock', window );">Cash dividends</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 19,252<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 19,043<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsAxis=jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member', window );">Dividend Declared in Q1 2020 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock', window );">Cash dividends</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 19,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockTransactionsParentheticalDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Share repurchases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares', window );">Shares repurchased (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">217,511<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">125,932<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare', window );">Average purchase price (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 45.97<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 63.48<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.34<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.33<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in Common Stock [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Number of shares, beginning of year (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">70,126,963<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">70,111,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1', window );">Common stock class conversions and other</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Number of shares issued, end of period (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">70,138,555<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">70,115,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in Common Stock in Treasury [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares', window );">Number of shares held, beginning of year (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">22,633,869<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21,853,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired', window );">Purchase of treasury shares (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">218,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">126,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardForfeited', window );">Restricted shares, forfeited (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised', window );">Restricted shares issued from exercise of stock options (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(12,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(221,000)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedStockSharesIssuedNetOfSharesForTaxWithholdings', window );">Shares withheld for taxes (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">41,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityOtherShares', window );">Other (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares', window );">Number of shares held, end of period (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">22,795,256<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21,722,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Number of Common Stock outstanding, end of period (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">47,344,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">48,393,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A [Member] | Non-Performance Shares [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in Common Stock in Treasury [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures', window );">Restricted shares issued under stock-based compensation plans (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(36,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(22,000)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A [Member] | Performance Share Units [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in Common Stock in Treasury [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures', window );">Restricted shares issued under stock-based compensation plans (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(43,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(59,000)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A [Member] | Dividend Declared in Q1 2020 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend declared date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jun. 27,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.34<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend paid date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jul. 24,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend record date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jul. 10,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.34<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.33<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in Common Stock [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Number of shares, beginning of year (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,054,707<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,071,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1', window );">Common stock class conversions and other</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(12,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,000)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,043,115<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,067,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in Common Stock in Treasury [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,917,574<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,918,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares', window );">Number of shares held, end of period (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,917,574<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,918,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Number of Common Stock outstanding, end of period (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,125,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,149,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Class B [Member] | Dividend Declared in Q1 2020 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend declared date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jun. 27,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.34<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend paid date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jul. 24,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend record date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jul. 10,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_CashDividendAbstract</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate dividends paid during the period for each share of common stock outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of common shares of an entity that have been sold or granted to shareholders (includes common shares that were issued, repurchased and remain in the treasury). These shares represent capital invested by the firm's shareholders and owners, and may be all or only a portion of the number of shares authorized. Shares issued include shares outstanding and shares held in the treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares of common stock outstanding. Common stock represent the ownership interest in a corporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of new shares issued in the conversion of stock in a noncash (or part noncash) transaction. Noncash is defined as transactions during a period that do not result in cash receipts or cash payments in the period. "Part noncash" refers to that portion of the transaction not resulting in cash receipts or cash payments in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4332-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4313-108586<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4304-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the declared dividend will be paid, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4304-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the dividend to be paid was declared, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4304-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the holder must own the stock to be entitled to the dividend, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow in the form of ordinary dividends to common shareholders of the parent entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestrictedStockSharesIssuedNetOfSharesForTaxWithholdings">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number, after shares used to satisfy grantee's tax withholding obligation for award under share-based payment arrangement, of restricted shares issued. Excludes cash used to satisfy grantee's tax withholding obligation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestrictedStockSharesIssuedNetOfSharesForTaxWithholdings</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardForfeited">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares related to Restricted Stock Award forfeited during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardForfeited</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares issued during the period related to Restricted Stock Awards, net of any shares forfeited.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of share options (or share units) exercised during the current period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116856206&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares that have been repurchased during the period and have not been retired and are not held in treasury. Some state laws may govern the circumstances under which an entity may acquire its own stock and prescribe the accounting treatment therefore. This element is used when state law does not recognize treasury stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockTransactionsParentheticalDisclosuresAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockTransactionsParentheticalDisclosuresAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityOtherShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of increase (decrease) in shares of stock classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityOtherShares</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total cost of shares repurchased divided by the total number of shares repurchased.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405813&amp;loc=d3e23239-112655<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of common and preferred shares that were previously issued and that were repurchased by the issuing entity and held in treasury on the financial statement date. This stock has no voting rights and receives no dividends.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29,30)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405813&amp;loc=d3e23239-112655<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares that have been repurchased during the period and are being held in treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DividendsAxis=jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DividendsAxis=jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>66
<FILENAME>R49.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
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<html>
<head>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6806059952">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AOCIAttributableToParentNetOfTaxRollForward', window );"><strong>AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,181,347<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,190,557<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</a></td>
<td class="num">(28,081)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(32,535)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">795<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">369<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent', window );">Total Other Comprehensive Loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(27,286)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(32,166)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,132,006<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,174,008<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember', window );">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AOCIAttributableToParentNetOfTaxRollForward', window );"><strong>AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(508,738)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(439,580)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(536,024)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(471,746)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember', window );">Foreign Currency Translation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AOCIAttributableToParentNetOfTaxRollForward', window );"><strong>AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(312,107)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(251,573)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</a></td>
<td class="num">(35,539)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(40,325)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent', window );">Total Other Comprehensive Loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(35,539)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(40,325)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(347,646)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(291,898)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember', window );">Unamortized Retirement Costs [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AOCIAttributableToParentNetOfTaxRollForward', window );"><strong>AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(196,057)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(191,026)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,130<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,720<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,038<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,091<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent', window );">Total Other Comprehensive Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,168<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,811<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(187,889)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(182,215)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember', window );">Interest Rate Swaps [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AOCIAttributableToParentNetOfTaxRollForward', window );"><strong>AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(574)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,019<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</a></td>
<td class="nump">328<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">70<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(243)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(722)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent', window );">Total Other Comprehensive Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">85<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(652)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (489)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,367<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AOCIAttributableToParentNetOfTaxRollForward">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AOCIAttributableToParentNetOfTaxRollForward</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax, before reclassification adjustments, of other comprehensive income (loss), attributable to parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951672&amp;loc=d3e1436-108581<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to parent entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569643-111683<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569616-111683<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of reclassification adjustments of other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951672&amp;loc=d3e1436-108581<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.E)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27010918&amp;loc=d3e74512-122707<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(31))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquity</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6980930272">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers, Accounts Receivable, net and Contract Liability Balances (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract', window );"><strong>Balances from contracts with customers [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 281,055<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 294,867<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent', window );">Contract liability</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">408,630<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">507,365<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Contract liability (included in Other Long-Term Liabilities)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">13,752<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract', window );"><strong>Increase/(decrease) [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">11,934<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="num">$ (64,053)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability', window );">Contract liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(103,268)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="num">$ (67,221)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent', window );">Sales return reserve recorded in contract liability</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">33,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,900<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized', window );">Revenue recognized from beginning contract liability</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">194,300<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionAxis=us-gaap_CalculatedUnderRevenueGuidanceInEffectBeforeTopic606Member', window );">Balances without Adoption of Topic 606 [Member] | ASU 2014-09 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract', window );"><strong>Balances from contracts with customers [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">294,867<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent', window );">Contract liability</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">507,365<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Contract liability (included in Other Long-Term Liabilities)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,722<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionAxis=us-gaap_DifferenceBetweenRevenueGuidanceInEffectBeforeAndAfterTopic606Member', window );">Effect of Change Higher/(Lower) [Member] | ASU 2014-09 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract', window );"><strong>Increase/(decrease) [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(13,812)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability', window );">Contract liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="num">(98,735)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent', window );">Contract liability (Deferred revenue) (included in Other Long-Term Liabilities)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,030<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="6"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="6"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">The sales return reserve recorded in Contract Liability is $33.4 million and $25.9 million, as of July 31, 2019 and April 30, 2019, respectively.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amount due from customers for the credit sale of goods and services non current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after allowance for credit loss, of right to consideration from customer for product sold and service rendered in normal course of business, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118956577&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118952595&amp;loc=d3e4428-111522<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118952595&amp;loc=d3e4531-111522<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118944033&amp;loc=SL49130531-203044<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118944033&amp;loc=SL49130532-203044<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118956577&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable, classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118944033&amp;loc=SL49130532-203044<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118944033&amp;loc=SL49130531-203044<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118956577&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized that was previously included in balance of obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration from customer has been received or is due.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118956577&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liability for consideration received or receivable from customer which is not included in transaction price, when consideration is expected to be refunded to customer, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 27<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118944142&amp;loc=SL49130611-203046-203046<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amount due from customers for the credit sale of goods and services; includes accounts receivable and other types of receivables.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6798983056">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
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<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of net periodic benefit cost (credit) for defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeAxis=us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeAxis=us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6809432992">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Segment Information (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 423,530<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 410,901<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss', window );">Contribution to Profit</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">53,358<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">74,065<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Corporate Expenses</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(48,799)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(37,925)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Operating Income</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">4,559<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">36,140<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss', window );">Adjusted Contribution to Profit</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">60,872<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">72,160<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Adjusted Corporate Expenses</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="num">(45,578)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(42,106)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Adjusted Operating Income</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">15,294<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">30,054<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and Amortization</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">42,219<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">40,171<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Adjusted EBITDA</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">57,513<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">70,225<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and Amortization</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">39,175<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">36,409<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Adjusted EBITDA</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">100,047<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">108,569<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Research Publishing &amp; Platforms [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">229,375<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">225,317<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss', window );">Contribution to Profit</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">55,646<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,317<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss', window );">Adjusted Contribution to Profit</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">58,266<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">56,337<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and Amortization</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">17,153<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15,365<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Adjusted EBITDA</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">75,419<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">71,702<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">144,858<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">156,424<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss', window );">Contribution to Profit</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">4,911<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21,767<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss', window );">Adjusted Contribution to Profit</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">7,716<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21,050<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and Amortization</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">16,524<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,577<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Adjusted EBITDA</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">24,240<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">38,627<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Education Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">49,297<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">29,160<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss', window );">Contribution to Profit</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(7,199)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,019)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss', window );">Adjusted Contribution to Profit</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="num">(5,110)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,227)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and Amortization</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">5,498<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,467<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Adjusted EBITDA</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">388<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,760)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember', window );">Corporate [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and Amortization</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">3,044<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,762<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Adjusted EBITDA</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">$ (42,534)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (38,344)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Adjusted Contribution to Profit is Contribution to Profit adjusted for restructuring charges (credits). See Note 9, &#8220;Restructuring and Related Charges&#8221; for these charges (credits) by segment.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Adjusted direct contribution to profit minus allocated shared services and administrative costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Adjusted earnings before interest taxes depreciation and amortization (EBITDA).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate total of adjusted expenses of managing and administering the affairs of an entity, including affiliates of the reporting entity, which are not directly or indirectly associated with the manufacture, sale or creation of a product or product line.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net adjusted result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Direct contribution to profit minus allocated shared services and administrative costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate expense recognized in the current period that allocates the cost of tangible assets, intangible assets, or depleting assets to periods that benefit from use of the assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate total of expenses of managing and administering the affairs of an entity, including affiliates of the reporting entity, which are not directly or indirectly associated with the manufacture, sale or creation of a product or product line.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, excluding tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value added and excise.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118956577&amp;loc=SL49130543-203045<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118956577&amp;loc=SL49130545-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<head>
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6979876464">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations', window );">Effective tax rate as reported</a></td>
<td class="nump">8.60%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">22.80%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefitDiscreteItems', window );">Certain discrete items</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.4<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectOfTaxCutsAndJobsActOf2017Abstract', window );"><strong>The Tax Act [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxAct', window );">Effective Tax Rate excluding the impact of non-recurring items from the Tax Act</a></td>
<td class="nump">22.50%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations, excluding the impact of non-recurring items from the Tax Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income tax expense (benefit) related to discrete items pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32698-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperationsTaxRateReconciliationAbstract</td>
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<TYPE>XML
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<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6806153008">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Retirement Plans (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Retirement Plans [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfNetBenefitCostsTableTextBlock', window );">Components of Net Periodic Pension Expense (Income) for Defined Benefit Plans</a></td>
<td class="text"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The components of net pension income for our global defined benefit plans were as follows:</span>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb4a9efc8786f4d9db6da77365863945b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Service cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">224</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">233</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interest cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">5,834</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6,212</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Expected return on plan assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(10,059</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(9,902</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net amortization of prior service cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(19</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(24</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Unrecognized net actuarial loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6803255328">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Restructuring and Related Charges (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestructuringAndRelatedCostsTextBlock', window );">Pre-tax Restructuring (Credits) Charges</a></td>
<td class="text"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring charges related to this program:</span>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2,192</div></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Expenses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">3,265</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Restructuring and Related Charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10,870</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Charges by Activity:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Severance and termination benefits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10,709</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating lease right-of-use asset impairment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">161</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Restructuring and Related Charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring credits related to this program:</span>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z7ff2159cb10946d0943b6e464b8398db" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(103</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(208</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,764</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Expenses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(44</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4,181</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">96,334</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Restructuring and Related Credits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(135</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(Credits) Charges by Activity:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Severance and termination benefits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(350</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">115,909</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Consulting and Contract Termination Costs</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">135</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21,155</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other Activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">215</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(443</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">32,429</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Restructuring and Related Credits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(135</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(6,086</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">169,493</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z427ca39205904fc383b3a45c0239e88e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas. See Note 10, &#8220;Segment Information,&#8221; for more details.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestructuringReserveByTypeOfCostTextBlock', window );">Activity for Restructuring Program Liability</a></td>
<td class="text"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following table summarizes the activity for the Business Optimization Program liability for the three months ended</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">&#160;July 31, 2019</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">:</span>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z7149c99ab4ae4f3f93350787182a7a92" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Payments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Translation</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Severance and termination benefits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10,709</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1,337</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(33</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">9,339</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10,709</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1,337</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(33</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">9,339</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The following table summarizes the activity for the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability for the three months ended</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">&#160;July 31, 2019</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">:</span>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z3e8f1c179ef14a2b8697d2ba0415af22" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Credits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Payments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adoption of</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">New Lease</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Standard <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">303</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other Activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2,544</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(2,258</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(76</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">210</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1,477</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(2,258</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

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    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Refer to Note 2, &#8220;Recent Accounting Standards,&#8221; and Note 5, &#8220;Operating Leases&#8221; for more information related to the adoption of the new lease standard.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of costs incurred for restructuring including, but not limited to, exit and disposal activities, remediation, implementation, integration, asset impairment, and charges against earnings from the write-down of assets.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of an entity's restructuring reserve that occurred during the period associated with the exit from or disposal of business activities or restructurings for each major type of cost. This element may also include a description of any reversal and other adjustment made during the period to the amount of an accrued liability for restructuring activities. This element may be used to encapsulate the roll forward presentations of an entity's restructuring reserve by type of cost and in total, and explanation of changes that occurred in the period.</p></div>
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 1 &lt;/span&gt;&#x2014;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Basis of Presentation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;Throughout this report, when we refer to &#x201c;Wiley,&#x201d; the &#x201c;Company,&#x201d; &#x201c;we,&#x201d; &#x201c;our,&#x201d; or &#x201c;us,&#x201d; we are referring to John Wiley &amp;amp; Sons, Inc. and all our subsidiaries, except where the context indicates otherwise.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include all the accounts of the Company and our subsidiaries. We have eliminated all intercompany transactions and balances in consolidation. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Condition, Results of Operations, Comprehensive Income and Cash Flows for the periods presented. Operating results for the interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full year. All amounts are in thousands, except per share amounts, and approximate due to rounding. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the most recent audited consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019 as filed with the SEC on July 1, 2019 (&#x201c;2019 Form 10-K&#x201d;).&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;Our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in accordance with the interim reporting requirements of the SEC. As permitted under those rules, annual footnotes or other financial information that are normally required by U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted. The preparation of our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year&#x2019;s presentation. The Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended July 31, 2018, includes a reclassification of $4.5 million between Operating Activities within the net change in operating assets and liabilities and Investing Activities related to costs to fulfill a contract and product development spending.&#160; In addition, for the three months ended July 31, 2018, amortization expense related to costs to fulfill a contract of $0.8 million was reclassed from amortization of product development spending to other non-cash charges (credits) within Operating Activities.&lt;/div&gt;
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      id="Text_c9da33f3642a4808b762880695aaf10a">&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;Throughout this report, when we refer to &#x201c;Wiley,&#x201d; the &#x201c;Company,&#x201d; &#x201c;we,&#x201d; &#x201c;our,&#x201d; or &#x201c;us,&#x201d; we are referring to John Wiley &amp;amp; Sons, Inc. and all our subsidiaries, except where the context indicates otherwise.&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include all the accounts of the Company and our subsidiaries. We have eliminated all intercompany transactions and balances in consolidation. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Condition, Results of Operations, Comprehensive Income and Cash Flows for the periods presented. Operating results for the interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full year. All amounts are in thousands, except per share amounts, and approximate due to rounding. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the most recent audited consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019 as filed with the SEC on July 1, 2019 (&#x201c;2019 Form 10-K&#x201d;).&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;Our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in accordance with the interim reporting requirements of the SEC. As permitted under those rules, annual footnotes or other financial information that are normally required by U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted. The preparation of our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year&#x2019;s presentation. The Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended July 31, 2018, includes a reclassification of $4.5 million between Operating Activities within the net change in operating assets and liabilities and Investing Activities related to costs to fulfill a contract and product development spending.&#160; In addition, for the three months ended July 31, 2018, amortization expense related to costs to fulfill a contract of $0.8 million was reclassed from amortization of product development spending to other non-cash charges (credits) within Operating Activities.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 2 &lt;/span&gt;&#x2014;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Recent Accounting Standards&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Recently Adopted Accounting Standards&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02 &#x201c;Income Statement&#x2014;Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income,&#x201d; which allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The standard was effective for us on May 1, 2019, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. We adopted ASU 2018-02 on May 1, 2019. We did not elect to reclassify the income tax effects from comprehensive income to retained earnings for the stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Our policy for releasing the income tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income is when the corresponding pretax accumulated other comprehensive income items are reclassified to earnings.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, &#x201c;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities,&#x201d; to simplify and improve the application and financial reporting of hedge accounting. Subsequently, in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-1&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;6, &#x201c;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap (OIS) Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes&#x201d;.&#160; ASU 2017-12&lt;/span&gt; eases the requirements for measuring and reporting hedge ineffectiveness and clarifies that changes in the fair value of hedging instruments for cash flow, net investment, and fair value hedges should be reflected in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. The guidance also permits entities to designate specific components in cash flow and interest rate hedges as the hedged risk, instead of using total cash flows. ASU 2018-16 allows the use of the OIS rate based on the SOFR as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for hedge accounting purposes. These ASUs were effective for us on May 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. We adopted ASU 2017-12, 2018-06 and 2019-04, for those portions related to ASU 2017-02, on May 1, 2019 and there was no impact to our consolidated financial statements at the date of adoption. The future impact will depend on any future hedging activities we may enter into.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Leases&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)&#x201d;. Subsequently, the FASB issued in March 2019, ASU 2019-01, &#x201c;Leases (Topic 842): Codification Improvements&#x201d;, in December 2018 ASU 2018-20, &#x201c;Leases (Topic 842): Narrow Scope Improvements for Lessors&#x201d;,&#160;and in July 2018 the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, &#x201c;Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements&#x201d; and ASU 2018-10, &#x201c;Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases&#x201d;.&#160; ASU 2016-02 requires an entity to recognize a right-of-use asset (&#x201c;ROU&#x201d;) and lease liability for all leases with terms of more than 12 months and provide enhanced disclosures. Recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses depends on classification as a finance or operating lease. Similar modifications have been made to lessor accounting in-line with revenue recognition guidance.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The new standard provides a number of optional practical expedients in transition. We elected the practical expedients to forgo a reassessment of (1) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (2) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and (3) initial direct costs.&#160; We did not elect the practical expedient allowing the use-of-hindsight which would have required us to reassess the lease term of our leases based on all facts and circumstances through the effective date.&#160; In addition, we did not elect the practical expedient pertaining to land easements.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In addition, the new standard provides as a practical expedient, certain policy elections for ongoing lease accounting which we elected at the date of adoption and included the following, (i) to not separate nonlease components from the associated lease component if certain conditions are met, and (ii) to not recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for leases that qualify as short-term.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The standard was effective for us on May 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. A modified retrospective transition approach was required, applying the standard to all leases existing at the date of initial application. A company could choose to use either (1) its effective date or (2) the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements as of its date of initial application. We adopted the new standard on May 1, 2019 and used the effective date as the date of initial application. Accordingly, previously reported financial information was not updated, and the disclosures required under the new standard will not be provided for dates and periods before May 1, 2019.&#160;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;At adoption, we recognized operating lease liabilities of $178 million based on the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments for existing operating leases and ROU assets of $142 million on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. The difference between the ROU assets and operating lease liabilities represents the existing deferred rent liabilities, prepaid rent balances, and applicable restructuring liabilities, which were reclassified upon adoption to reduce the measurement of the ROU assets. The adoption of the standard did not have an impact on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Shareholders&#x2019; Equity, Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income or Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow. See Note 5, &#x201c;Operating Leases&#x201d;, for further details on our operating leases.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Recently Issued Accounting Standards&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software: Customer&#x2019;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, &#x201c;Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer&#x2019;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract.&#x201d; ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, &#x201c;Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans.&#x201d; ASU 2018-14 removes certain disclosures that are not considered cost beneficial, clarifies certain required disclosures and added additional disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2021, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in ASU 2018-14 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis.&#160; We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, &#x201c;Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.&#x201d; ASU 2018-13 removes, modifies and added disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Certain disclosures in ASU 2018-13 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis and others on a prospective basis. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, &#x201c;Intangibles&#x2013;Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): &#x201c;Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment&#x201d;, which simplifies the measurement of a potential goodwill impairment charge by eliminating the requirement to calculate an implied fair value of the goodwill based on the fair value of a reporting unit&#x2019;s other assets and liabilities. The new guidance eliminates the implied fair value method and instead measures a potential impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit&#x2019;s carrying value compared to its fair value. The impairment charge cannot exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Based on our most recent annual goodwill impairment test completed in the year ended April 30, 2019, we expect no impact upon adoption.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, &#x201c;Financial Instruments&#x2014;Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.&#x201d; Subsequently, in May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05 - "Financial Instruments&#x2014;Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief&#x201d;, in April 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-04, &#x201c;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments&#x2014;Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments,&#x201d; and in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, &#x201c;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses&#x201d;.&#160; ASU 2016-13 requires entities to measure all expected credit losses for most financial assets held at the reporting date based on an expected loss model which includes historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Entities will now use forward-looking information to better form their credit loss estimates. ASU 2016-13 also requires enhanced disclosures to help financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an entity&#x2019;s portfolio. ASU 2016-13, ASU 2019-05, ASU 2019-04 and ASU 2018-19 are effective for us on May 1, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal periods, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:DescriptionOfNewAccountingPronouncementsNotYetAdopted>
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Recently Adopted Accounting Standards&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02 &#x201c;Income Statement&#x2014;Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income,&#x201d; which allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The standard was effective for us on May 1, 2019, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. We adopted ASU 2018-02 on May 1, 2019. We did not elect to reclassify the income tax effects from comprehensive income to retained earnings for the stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Our policy for releasing the income tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income is when the corresponding pretax accumulated other comprehensive income items are reclassified to earnings.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, &#x201c;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities,&#x201d; to simplify and improve the application and financial reporting of hedge accounting. Subsequently, in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-1&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;6, &#x201c;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap (OIS) Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes&#x201d;.&#160; ASU 2017-12&lt;/span&gt; eases the requirements for measuring and reporting hedge ineffectiveness and clarifies that changes in the fair value of hedging instruments for cash flow, net investment, and fair value hedges should be reflected in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. The guidance also permits entities to designate specific components in cash flow and interest rate hedges as the hedged risk, instead of using total cash flows. ASU 2018-16 allows the use of the OIS rate based on the SOFR as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for hedge accounting purposes. These ASUs were effective for us on May 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. We adopted ASU 2017-12, 2018-06 and 2019-04, for those portions related to ASU 2017-02, on May 1, 2019 and there was no impact to our consolidated financial statements at the date of adoption. The future impact will depend on any future hedging activities we may enter into.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Leases&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)&#x201d;. Subsequently, the FASB issued in March 2019, ASU 2019-01, &#x201c;Leases (Topic 842): Codification Improvements&#x201d;, in December 2018 ASU 2018-20, &#x201c;Leases (Topic 842): Narrow Scope Improvements for Lessors&#x201d;,&#160;and in July 2018 the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, &#x201c;Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements&#x201d; and ASU 2018-10, &#x201c;Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases&#x201d;.&#160; ASU 2016-02 requires an entity to recognize a right-of-use asset (&#x201c;ROU&#x201d;) and lease liability for all leases with terms of more than 12 months and provide enhanced disclosures. Recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses depends on classification as a finance or operating lease. Similar modifications have been made to lessor accounting in-line with revenue recognition guidance.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The new standard provides a number of optional practical expedients in transition. We elected the practical expedients to forgo a reassessment of (1) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (2) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and (3) initial direct costs.&#160; We did not elect the practical expedient allowing the use-of-hindsight which would have required us to reassess the lease term of our leases based on all facts and circumstances through the effective date.&#160; In addition, we did not elect the practical expedient pertaining to land easements.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In addition, the new standard provides as a practical expedient, certain policy elections for ongoing lease accounting which we elected at the date of adoption and included the following, (i) to not separate nonlease components from the associated lease component if certain conditions are met, and (ii) to not recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for leases that qualify as short-term.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The standard was effective for us on May 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. A modified retrospective transition approach was required, applying the standard to all leases existing at the date of initial application. A company could choose to use either (1) its effective date or (2) the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements as of its date of initial application. We adopted the new standard on May 1, 2019 and used the effective date as the date of initial application. Accordingly, previously reported financial information was not updated, and the disclosures required under the new standard will not be provided for dates and periods before May 1, 2019.&#160;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;At adoption, we recognized operating lease liabilities of $178 million based on the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments for existing operating leases and ROU assets of $142 million on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. The difference between the ROU assets and operating lease liabilities represents the existing deferred rent liabilities, prepaid rent balances, and applicable restructuring liabilities, which were reclassified upon adoption to reduce the measurement of the ROU assets. The adoption of the standard did not have an impact on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Shareholders&#x2019; Equity, Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income or Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow. See Note 5, &#x201c;Operating Leases&#x201d;, for further details on our operating leases.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</jwa:RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock>
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    <us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      id="Text_603849e6f91a4617a6e4e45c72e2181a">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Recently Issued Accounting Standards&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software: Customer&#x2019;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, &#x201c;Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer&#x2019;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract.&#x201d; ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, &#x201c;Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans.&#x201d; ASU 2018-14 removes certain disclosures that are not considered cost beneficial, clarifies certain required disclosures and added additional disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2021, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in ASU 2018-14 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis.&#160; We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, &#x201c;Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.&#x201d; ASU 2018-13 removes, modifies and added disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Certain disclosures in ASU 2018-13 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis and others on a prospective basis. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, &#x201c;Intangibles&#x2013;Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): &#x201c;Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment&#x201d;, which simplifies the measurement of a potential goodwill impairment charge by eliminating the requirement to calculate an implied fair value of the goodwill based on the fair value of a reporting unit&#x2019;s other assets and liabilities. The new guidance eliminates the implied fair value method and instead measures a potential impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit&#x2019;s carrying value compared to its fair value. The impairment charge cannot exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Based on our most recent annual goodwill impairment test completed in the year ended April 30, 2019, we expect no impact upon adoption.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, &#x201c;Financial Instruments&#x2014;Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.&#x201d; Subsequently, in May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05 - "Financial Instruments&#x2014;Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief&#x201d;, in April 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-04, &#x201c;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments&#x2014;Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments,&#x201d; and in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, &#x201c;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses&#x201d;.&#160; ASU 2016-13 requires entities to measure all expected credit losses for most financial assets held at the reporting date based on an expected loss model which includes historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Entities will now use forward-looking information to better form their credit loss estimates. ASU 2016-13 also requires enhanced disclosures to help financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an entity&#x2019;s portfolio. ASU 2016-13, ASU 2019-05, ASU 2019-04 and ASU 2018-19 are effective for us on May 1, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal periods, with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      id="Text_9ef489814c5f461293f235b5a8efd9c1">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 3 &lt;/span&gt;&#x2014;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Acquisitions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Fiscal Year 2020&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Zyante Inc.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;On July 1, 2019, we completed the acquisition of Zyante Inc. (&#x201c;zyBooks&#x201d;), a leading provider of computer science and STEM education courseware. The results of operations of zyBooks is included in our Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning segment results. The preliminary fair value of the cash consideration transferred, net of $1.8 million of cash acquired was approximately $54.1 million. We recorded the preliminary fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the acquisition date, which included a preliminary allocation of $33.2 million of goodwill and $28.5 million of intangible assets, consisting of developed technology, customer relationships, content and trademarks.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other Acquisitions&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;On May 31, 2019, we completed the acquisition of certain assets of Knewton, Inc. (&#x201c;Knewton&#x201d;). Knewton is a provider of affordable courseware and adaptive learning technology. The results of Knewton are included in our Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning segment results. In addition, in the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019, we also completed the acquisition of two immaterial businesses, which are included in our Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms segment.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The preliminary fair value of cash consideration transferred during the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019 was approximately $19.1 million. We recorded the preliminary fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the acquisition date, which included a preliminary allocation of $9.4 million of goodwill and $15.3 million of intangible assets.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The allocation of the purchase price to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed for the acquisitions discussed above is preliminary and could be revised as a result of additional information obtained due to the finalization of the third-party valuation report,&#160; tax related matters and contingencies, but such amounts will be finalized within the measurement period, which will not exceed one year from the acquisition dates.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Fiscal Year 2019&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The Learning House, Inc.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;On November 1, 2018, we completed the acquisition of 100% of the outstanding stock of The Learning House, Inc. (&#x201c;Learning House&#x201d;) a diversified education services provider. The results of operations of Learning House are included in our Education Services segment.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The fair value of the consideration transferred was approximately $201.3 million which included $200.7 million of cash and $0.6 million of warrants, inclusive of purchase price adjustments which were finalized in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2019. We financed the payment of the cash consideration through borrowings under our RCA (as defined below in Note 15, &#x201c;Debt and Available Credit Facilities&#x201d;).&#160;The warrants were classified as equity and allow the holder to purchase 400,000 shares of our Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $90.00, subject to adjustments. The term of the warrants is three years, expiring on November 1, 2021. The fair value of the warrants was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of the cash consideration transferred, net of $10.3 million of cash acquired was approximately $190.4 million.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The allocation of the consideration transferred to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed is preliminary and could be revised as a result of additional information obtained due to the finalization of the third-party valuation report,&#160; tax related matters and contingencies, but such amounts will be finalized within the measurement period, which will not exceed one year from the acquisition date. During the three months ended July 31, 2019, no revisions were made to the allocation of the consideration transferred to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 4 &lt;/span&gt;&#x2014;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Disaggregation of Revenue&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas. See Note 10, &#x201c;Segment Information,&#x201d; for more details. The following table presents our revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z906c8129c42842b89c5c7231d816ee31" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Research&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Publishing &amp;amp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Publishing &amp;amp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Professional&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;219,927&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;219,927&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,448&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,448&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Publishing&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;65,523&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;65,523&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;79,335&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;79,335&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Education Services:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;49,297&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;49,297&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;229,375&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;144,858&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;49,297&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;423,530&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z7382c9c824d1460cae588fad1d5cfd28" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended July 31, 2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Research&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Publishing &amp;amp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Publishing &amp;amp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Professional&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;216,714&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;216,714&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,603&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,603&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Publishing&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;74,034&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;74,034&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;82,390&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;82,390&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Education Services:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;29,160&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;29,160&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;225,317&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;156,424&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;29,160&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;410,901&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Accounts Receivable, net and Contract Liability Balances&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;When consideration is received, or such consideration is unconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services to the customer under the terms of a contract, a contract liability is recorded. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue when, or as, control of the products or services are transferred to the customer and all revenue recognition criteria have been met.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;The following table provides information about receivables and contract liabilities from contracts with customers.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z8318a36a7a8a4bdfa71fb460e8135d43" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Increase/&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(Decrease)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Balances from contracts with customers:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Accounts receivable, net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;281,055&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;294,867&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(13,812&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Contract liability &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;408,630&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;507,365&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(98,735&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Contract liability (included in Other Long-Term Liabilities)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,752&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10,722&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,030&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z78602c09feff40a1a8b0736f58a82697" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The sales return reserve recorded in Contract Liability is $33.4 million and $25.9 million, as of July 31, 2019 and April 30, 2019, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Revenue recognized for the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019 relating to the contract liability at April 30, 2019 was $194.3 million.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Remaining Performance Obligations included in Contract Liability&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As of July 31, 2019, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations is approximately $422.4 million, which included the sales return reserve of $33.4 million. Excluding the sales return reserve, we expect that approximately $375.2 million will be recognized in the next twelve months with the remaining $13.8 million to be recognized thereafter.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Assets Recognized for the Costs to Fulfill a Contract&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Costs to fulfill a contract are directly related to a contract that will be used to satisfy a performance obligation in the future and are expected to be recovered. These types of costs are incurred in the following revenue streams, (1) &lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Research Platforms and (2) Education Services.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Our assets associated with incremental costs to fulfill a contract were $9.5 million at July 31, 2019 and are included within Other Non-Current Assets on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. We recorded amortization expense of $1.0 million and $0.8 million during the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, related to these assets within Cost of Sales on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Sales and value-added taxes are excluded from revenues. Shipping and handling costs, which are primarily incurred within the Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning segment, occur before the transfer of control of the related goods. Therefore, in accordance with the new revenue standard, it is not considered a promised service to the customer and would be considered a cost to fulfill our promise to transfer the goods. Costs incurred for third party shipping and handling are primarily reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. We incurred $7.4 million and $7.9 million in shipping and handling costs in the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      id="Text_a5c8850c12d644a9a3624343f24a8528">&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas. See Note 10, &#x201c;Segment Information,&#x201d; for more details. The following table presents our revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type.&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z906c8129c42842b89c5c7231d816ee31" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Research&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Publishing &amp;amp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Publishing &amp;amp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Professional&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;219,927&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;219,927&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,448&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,448&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Publishing&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;65,523&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;65,523&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;79,335&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;79,335&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Education Services:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;49,297&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;49,297&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;229,375&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;144,858&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;49,297&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;423,530&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z7382c9c824d1460cae588fad1d5cfd28" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended July 31, 2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Research&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Publishing &amp;amp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Publishing &amp;amp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Professional&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Education&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;216,714&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;216,714&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,603&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,603&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Publishing&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;74,034&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;74,034&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;82,390&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;82,390&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Education Services:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;29,160&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;29,160&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;225,317&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;156,424&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;29,160&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;410,901&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
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      id="Text_7fb3f7d9dfb24cba96fc6b1b2470258a">&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;The following table provides information about receivables and contract liabilities from contracts with customers.&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z8318a36a7a8a4bdfa71fb460e8135d43" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Increase/&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(Decrease)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Balances from contracts with customers:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Accounts receivable, net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;281,055&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;294,867&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(13,812&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Contract liability &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;408,630&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;507,365&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(98,735&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Contract liability (included in Other Long-Term Liabilities)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,752&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10,722&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,030&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z78602c09feff40a1a8b0736f58a82697" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The sales return reserve recorded in Contract Liability is $33.4 million and $25.9 million, as of July 31, 2019 and April 30, 2019, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock>
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    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      id="Text_5b1620e3abe6456698afa88c95da7b0d">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 5 &lt;/span&gt;&#x2014;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Operating Leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;On May 1, 2019, we adopted a new accounting standard for leases. For further information, see Note 2, &#x201c;Recent Accounting Standards.&#x201d;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We have contractual obligations as a lessee with respect to offices, warehouses and distribution centers, automobiles, and office equipment.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception of the contract in accordance with guidance detailed in the new standard and we perform the lease classification test as of the lease commencement date. ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The present value of the lease payments is calculated using an incremental borrowing rate, which was determined based on the rate of interest that we would have to pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over a similar term. We use an unsecured borrowing rate and risk-adjust that rate to approximate a collateralized rate.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Under the new leasing standard, leases that are more than one year in duration are capitalized and recorded on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Some of our leases offer an option to extend the term of such leases. We utilize the reasonably certain threshold criteria in determining which options we will exercise. Furthermore, some of our lease payments are based on index rates with minimum annual increases. These represent fixed payments and are captured in the future minimum lease payments calculation.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;For operating leases, the ROU assets and liabilities are presented in our &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;Unaudited &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zd5feecfae759498d9a35765804ef5faf" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;147,370&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Short-term portion of operating lease liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,041&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating Lease Liabilities, non-current&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;166,642&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;During the three months ended July 31, 2019, we added $10.3 million to the ROU assets and $11.9 million to the operating lease liabilities due to new leases as well as modifications and remeasurements to our existing operating leases.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Our total net lease costs are as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zc4ca55ffac8a4760bf55c293ec697f2c" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating lease cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6,861&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Variable lease cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,203&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Sublease income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(523&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total net lease cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,541&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other supplemental information includes the following:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z789a1228af35429bbeddea2fb1456920" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted-Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Remaining Contractual&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Lease Term (Years)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating leases&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Weighted-average discount rate:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating leases&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5.82&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating cash flows from operating leases&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,300&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;The table below reconciles the undiscounted cash flows for the first five years and total of the remaining years to the operating lease liabilities recorded in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of July 31, 2019&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z9a27109d9e294ff4b7f05edd6eef9a10" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Fiscal Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Operating Lease&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2020 (remaining 9 months)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;23,920&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2021&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;27,376&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2022&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;24,446&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2023&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;22,109&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2024&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,651&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Thereafter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;133,534&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total undiscounted lease payments&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;253,036&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Less: Imputed interest&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;68,353&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Present Value of Minimum Lease Payments&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;184,683&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Less: Current portion&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,041&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Noncurrent portion&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;166,642&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock>
    <jwa:LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      id="Text_bc228b935df64b929fcb597166f468b5">&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;For operating leases, the ROU assets and liabilities are presented in our &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;Unaudited &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as follows:&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zd5feecfae759498d9a35765804ef5faf" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;147,370&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Short-term portion of operating lease liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,041&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating Lease Liabilities, non-current&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;166,642&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</jwa:LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset
      contextRef="c20190731"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_0cafc128ffca46159cab79fab7cebb22"
      unitRef="U002">147370000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="c20190731"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_d4d49c593fdd4183a2869f44b2c279b7"
      unitRef="U002">18041000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent
      contextRef="c20190731"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_e45c5ef5b3c840eea97789a202248021"
      unitRef="U002">166642000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <jwa:OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_5b032aba5eab432ea230879681ff4021"
      unitRef="U002">10300000</jwa:OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset>
    <jwa:OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_0193ea1252e74c1cb2b3da5dc7c3baad"
      unitRef="U002">11900000</jwa:OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability>
    <us-gaap:LeaseCostTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      id="Text_ee2c2f91c08e46f79a6d901eca605091">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Our total net lease costs are as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zc4ca55ffac8a4760bf55c293ec697f2c" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating lease cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6,861&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Variable lease cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,203&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Sublease income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(523&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total net lease cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,541&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:LeaseCostTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_27320d2c9bee416582ef48f5b51edfc3"
      unitRef="U002">6861000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:VariableLeaseCost
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_b6dc610a43314263adee84574d18cb0a"
      unitRef="U002">1203000</us-gaap:VariableLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:SubleaseIncome
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_78a7863694f64519b2f2e7ad31dfdff1"
      unitRef="U002">523000</us-gaap:SubleaseIncome>
    <us-gaap:LeaseCost
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_9922854551ca4a79815af48eabe90efc"
      unitRef="U002">7541000</us-gaap:LeaseCost>
    <jwa:LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      id="Text_6816f1e98bd146bb9bf514c382db65de">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other supplemental information includes the following:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z789a1228af35429bbeddea2fb1456920" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted-Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Remaining Contractual&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Lease Term (Years)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating leases&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Weighted-average discount rate:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating leases&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5.82&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating cash flows from operating leases&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,300&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</jwa:LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1
      contextRef="c20190731"
      id="Fact_caabe7d29fb34fa485e6be5dcacb6045">P10Y</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent
      contextRef="c20190731"
      decimals="4"
      id="Fact_28410f9bea1a4cc7b85e67b22cc801d8"
      unitRef="U005">0.0582</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_502cfc4a626e4d589f56d47a7f45283f"
      unitRef="U002">7300000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      id="Text_2b3aac5bed5f4d309dbb76c42b5eec84">&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;The table below reconciles the undiscounted cash flows for the first five years and total of the remaining years to the operating lease liabilities recorded in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of July 31, 2019&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z9a27109d9e294ff4b7f05edd6eef9a10" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Fiscal Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Operating Lease&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2020 (remaining 9 months)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;23,920&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2021&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;27,376&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2022&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;24,446&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2023&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;22,109&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2024&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,651&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Thereafter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;133,534&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total undiscounted lease payments&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;253,036&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Less: Imputed interest&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;68,353&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Present Value of Minimum Lease Payments&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;184,683&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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  &lt;tr&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,041&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Noncurrent portion&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;166,642&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 6 &lt;/span&gt;&#x2014;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Stock-Based Compensation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We have stock-based compensation plans under which employees may be granted performance-based stock awards and other restricted stock awards.&#160; Prior to fiscal year 2017, we also granted options to purchase shares of our common stock at the fair market value at the time of grant. We recognize the grant date fair value of stock-based compensation in net income on a straight-line basis, net of estimated forfeitures over the requisite service period. The measurement of performance for performance-based stock awards is based on actual financial results for targets established three years in advance. For the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018, we recognized stock-based compensation expense, on a pre-tax basis, of $4.6 million and $3.9 million, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;The following table summarizes restricted stock awards we granted (shares in thousands):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z525ae922cca24aa29695db593677fe44" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="7" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Restricted Stock:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Awards granted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;500&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;230&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Weighted average fair value of grant&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;45.31&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;66.55&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
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      id="Text_cd3d27cf25ce4079ad4fc8b707028a6e">&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;The following table summarizes restricted stock awards we granted (shares in thousands):&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z525ae922cca24aa29695db593677fe44" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="7" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="3" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Restricted Stock:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Awards granted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;500&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;230&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Weighted average fair value of grant&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;45.31&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;66.55&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:NonvestedRestrictedStockSharesActivityTableTextBlock>
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      unitRef="U001">500000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod>
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    <us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 7 &lt;/span&gt;&#x2014;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by component, net of tax, for the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z877e39f0f5064ef8a153a915d86cb301" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Currency Translation&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Unamortized&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Retirement Costs&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Interest&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Rate Swaps&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(312,107&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(196,057&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(574&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(508,738&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(35,539&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,130&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;328&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(28,081&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,038&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(243&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;795&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total other comprehensive (loss) income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(35,539&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,168&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;85&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(27,286&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(347,646&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(187,889&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(489&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(536,024&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at April 30, 2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(251,573&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(191,026&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;3,019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(439,580&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(40,325&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,720&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(32,535&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,091&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(722&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;369&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total other comprehensive income (loss)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(40,325&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,811&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(652&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(32,166&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(291,898&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(182,215&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2,367&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(471,746&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;During the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019 and 2018, pre-tax actuarial losses included in Unamortized Retirement Costs of approximately $1.3 million and $1.4 million, respectively, were amortized from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss and recognized as pension expense in Operating and Administrative Expenses and Interest and Other Income in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      id="Text_17a9495d8035400d848f5e862a53be53">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by component, net of tax, for the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z877e39f0f5064ef8a153a915d86cb301" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Currency Translation&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Unamortized&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Retirement Costs&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Interest&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Rate Swaps&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(312,107&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(196,057&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(574&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(508,738&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(35,539&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,130&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;328&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(28,081&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,038&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(243&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;795&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total other comprehensive (loss) income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(35,539&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,168&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;85&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(27,286&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(347,646&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(187,889&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(489&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(536,024&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at April 30, 2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(251,573&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(191,026&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;3,019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(439,580&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(40,325&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,720&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(32,535&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,091&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(722&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;369&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total other comprehensive income (loss)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(40,325&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,811&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(652&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(32,166&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 8 &lt;/span&gt;&#x2014;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;A reconciliation of the shares used in the computation of earnings per share follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Weighted average shares outstanding&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;56,564&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57,510&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Less: Unvested restricted shares&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(28&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(80&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Shares used for basic earnings per share&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;56,536&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57,430&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Dilutive effect of stock options and other stock awards&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;369&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;684&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Shares used for diluted earnings per share&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;56,905&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;58,114&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Since their inclusion in the calculation of diluted earnings per share would have been anti-dilutive, options to purchase 252,704 shares of Class A Common Stock have been excluded for the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019. There were no options excluded for the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2018.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Warrants to purchase 511,094 shares of Class A Common Stock have not been included for the three months ended July 31, 2019. There were no warrants issued during the three months ended July 31, 2018.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;There were no restricted shares excluded for the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019 and July 31, 2018.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfWeightedAverageNumberOfSharesTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      id="Text_0082d88d036b4177b28fa5767319bd3a">&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;A reconciliation of the shares used in the computation of earnings per share follows:&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zea71eb01770e4c5b9c919862d27b3152" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Weighted average shares outstanding&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;56,564&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57,510&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Less: Unvested restricted shares&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(28&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(80&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Shares used for basic earnings per share&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;56,536&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57,430&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Dilutive effect of stock options and other stock awards&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;369&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;684&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Shares used for diluted earnings per share&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;56,905&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;58,114&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 9 &lt;/span&gt;&#x2014;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Restructuring and Related Charges&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Business Optimization Program&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Beginning in fiscal year 2020, we initiated a multi-year Business Optimization Program (the &#x201c;Business Optimization Program&#x201d;) to drive efficiency improvement and operating savings.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring charges related to this program:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="ze9cc18fa4a724c72a116964d7c5cbd43" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Charges by Segment:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2,636&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2,777&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2,192&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Expenses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;3,265&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Restructuring and Related Charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;10,870&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Charges by Activity:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Severance and termination benefits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;10,709&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating lease right-of-use asset impairment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;161&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Restructuring and Related Charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;10,870&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;The following table summarizes the activity for the Business Optimization Program liability for the three months ended&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;&#160;July 31, 2019&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z7149c99ab4ae4f3f93350787182a7a92" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Payments&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Translation&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Severance and termination benefits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10,709&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,337&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(33&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;9,339&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10,709&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,337&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(33&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;9,339&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The restructuring liability as of July 31, 2019 for accrued severance and termination benefits is reflected in Accrued Employment Costs in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Restructuring and Reinvestment Program&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Beginning in the year ended April 30, 2013, we initiated a global program (the &#x201c;Restructuring and Reinvestment Program&#x201d;) to restructure and realign our cost base with current and anticipated future market conditions. We are targeting a majority of the expected cost savings achieved to improve margins and earnings, while the remainder will be reinvested in high-growth digital business opportunities.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring credits related to this program:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z7ff2159cb10946d0943b6e464b8398db" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended July 31,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total Charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018 &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Incurred to Date &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(Credits) Charges by Segment:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(16&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(980&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;26,528&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;28&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(717&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;42,867&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(103&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(208&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,764&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Expenses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(44&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4,181&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;96,334&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Restructuring and Related Credits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(135&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(6,086&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;169,493&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(Credits) Charges by Activity:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Severance and termination benefits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(350&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5,778&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;115,909&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Consulting and Contract Termination Costs&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;135&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,155&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other Activities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;215&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(443&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;32,429&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Restructuring and Related Credits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(135&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(6,086&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;169,493&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z427ca39205904fc383b3a45c0239e88e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas. See Note 10, &#x201c;Segment Information,&#x201d; for more details.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="display:none;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The credits in severance and termination benefits activities for the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018 primarily reflect changes in the number of headcount reductions and estimates for previously accrued benefit costs. Other Activities for the three months ended July 31, 2018 reflects costs for leased facility consolidations.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;The following table summarizes the activity for the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability for the three months ended&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;&#160;July 31, 2019&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z3e8f1c179ef14a2b8697d2ba0415af22" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Credits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Payments&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adoption of&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;New Lease&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Standard &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Translation &amp;amp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Other Adjustments&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Severance and termination benefits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4,887&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(350&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,477&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;29&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;3,089&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Consulting and Contract Termination Costs&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;303&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;303&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other Activities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,544&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2,258&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(76&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;210&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,734&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(350&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,477&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2,258&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(47&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;3,602&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z1247f243db744d90b2520c5cad203767" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Refer to Note 2, &#x201c;Recent Accounting Standards,&#x201d; and Note 5, &#x201c;Operating Leases&#x201d; for more information related to the adoption of the new lease standard.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The restructuring liability as of July 31, 2019 for accrued severance and termination benefits is reflected in Accrued Employment Costs in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. The liability as of July 31, 2019, for Consulting and Contract Termination Costs is reflected in Other Accrued Liabilities. As of July 31, 2019, $0.2 million of Other Activities are reflected in Other Accrued Liabilities and mainly relate to facility relocation and lease impairment related costs. We currently do not anticipate any further material charges related to the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfRestructuringAndRelatedCostsTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      id="Text_5e6f833e4f294206aaaf48628d75e02f">&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring charges related to this program:&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="ze9cc18fa4a724c72a116964d7c5cbd43" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Charges by Segment:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2,636&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2,777&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2,192&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Expenses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;3,265&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Restructuring and Related Charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;10,870&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Charges by Activity:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Severance and termination benefits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;10,709&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating lease right-of-use asset impairment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;161&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Restructuring and Related Charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;10,870&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring credits related to this program:&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z7ff2159cb10946d0943b6e464b8398db" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended July 31,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total Charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018 &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Incurred to Date &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(Credits) Charges by Segment:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(16&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(980&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;26,528&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;28&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(717&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;42,867&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(103&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(208&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,764&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Expenses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(44&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4,181&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;96,334&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Restructuring and Related Credits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(135&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(6,086&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;169,493&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(Credits) Charges by Activity:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Severance and termination benefits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(350&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5,778&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;115,909&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Consulting and Contract Termination Costs&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;135&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,155&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other Activities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;215&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(443&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;32,429&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Restructuring and Related Credits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(135&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(6,086&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;169,493&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z427ca39205904fc383b3a45c0239e88e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas. See Note 10, &#x201c;Segment Information,&#x201d; for more details.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:ScheduleOfRestructuringAndRelatedCostsTextBlock>
    <jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_9702ca6b4858422085efd5b38e5d1f1c"
      unitRef="U002">2636000</jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits>
    <jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_acb4c837786b4b61b63b16c16d216b73"
      unitRef="U002">2777000</jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits>
    <jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_c9a893f6d7c949d58692dc416bcd7488"
      unitRef="U002">2192000</jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits>
    <jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_CorporateMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_b2001594a9ac419d8bbcf902713dc05d"
      unitRef="U002">3265000</jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits>
    <jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_5731f4308ad04540a2ae5e6c338b1979"
      unitRef="U002">10870000</jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits>
    <jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_EmployeeSeveranceMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_c058459260fd429c875f876ba97a98f6"
      unitRef="U002">10709000</jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits>
    <jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_f96e717fb8ad466d853ae336c39da4d4"
      unitRef="U002">161000</jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits>
    <jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_41e5943d4fbd48b897afd5e73bdb6936"
      unitRef="U002">10870000</jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfRestructuringReserveByTypeOfCostTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      id="Text_aff673fae70a41fdb4ce3c96ebf8839f">&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;The following table summarizes the activity for the Business Optimization Program liability for the three months ended&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;&#160;July 31, 2019&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z7149c99ab4ae4f3f93350787182a7a92" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Payments&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Translation&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Severance and termination benefits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10,709&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,337&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(33&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;9,339&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10,709&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,337&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(33&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;9,339&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;The following table summarizes the activity for the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability for the three months ended&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;&#160;July 31, 2019&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z3e8f1c179ef14a2b8697d2ba0415af22" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Credits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Payments&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adoption of&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;New Lease&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Standard &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Translation &amp;amp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Other Adjustments&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Severance and termination benefits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4,887&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(350&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,477&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;29&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;3,089&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Consulting and Contract Termination Costs&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;303&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;303&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other Activities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,544&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2,258&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(76&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;210&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,734&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(350&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,477&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2,258&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(47&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;3,602&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z1247f243db744d90b2520c5cad203767" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Refer to Note 2, &#x201c;Recent Accounting Standards,&#x201d; and Note 5, &#x201c;Operating Leases&#x201d; for more information related to the adoption of the new lease standard.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
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      unitRef="U002">-350000</us-gaap:RestructuringCharges>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsForRestructuring
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      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_1731fe510a444bbe98920514bbc8908d"
      unitRef="U002">1477000</us-gaap:PaymentsForRestructuring>
    <jwa:RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_0f05868ee39f436998233b96561081ba"
      unitRef="U002">-2258000</jwa:RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard>
    <us-gaap:RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember"
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      id="Fact_29b196bcf76d4274891fa1ac09e78bf3"
      unitRef="U002">-47000</us-gaap:RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment>
    <us-gaap:RestructuringReserve
      contextRef="c20190731_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_0466ae0f9e4540de839a21cf71bbec85"
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      unitRef="U002">200000</us-gaap:RestructuringReserve>
    <us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      id="Text_1febe5fcbf1f4ca295448cd08c7ec5e0">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 10 &lt;/span&gt;&#x2014;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Segment Information&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas: (1) Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms, which&#160; includes the Research publishing and Atypon businesses, (2) Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning, which is the former &#x201c;Publishing&#x201d; segment combined with our corporate training businesses &#x2013; previously noted as Professional Assessment and Corporate Learning; and (3) Education Services, which is the online program management business. Prior period segment results have been revised to the new segment presentation. There were no changes to our consolidated financial results.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We report our segment information in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 280. These segments reflect the way our chief operating decision maker evaluates our business performance and manages the operations.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;Segment information is as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z586018972b0b4d2f8b0ae2e0a1c826a8" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Revenue:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;229,375&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;225,317&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;144,858&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;156,424&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;49,297&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;29,160&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Revenue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;423,530&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;410,901&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Contribution to Profit:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;55,646&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57,317&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;4,911&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,767&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(7,199&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5,019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Contribution to Profit&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;53,358&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;74,065&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Expenses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(48,799&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(37,925&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating Income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;4,559&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;36,140&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adjusted Contribution to Profit:&lt;sup&gt; (1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;58,266&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;56,337&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;7,716&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,050&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(5,110&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5,227&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Adjusted Contribution to Profit&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;60,872&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;72,160&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Adjusted Corporate Expenses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(45,578&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(42,106&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Adjusted Operating Income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;15,294&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;30,054&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Depreciation and Amortization:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;17,153&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15,365&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;16,524&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;17,577&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;5,498&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,467&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Depreciation and Amortization&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;39,175&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;36,409&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Depreciation and Amortization&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;3,044&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,762&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Depreciation and Amortization&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;42,219&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;40,171&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adjusted EBITDA:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;75,419&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;71,702&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;24,240&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;38,627&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;388&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,760&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Segment Adjusted EBITDA&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;100,047&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;108,569&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Adjusted EBITDA&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(42,534&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(38,344&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Adjusted EBITDA&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;57,513&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70,225&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zbe5624549dd34e9f8080f47e13b37139" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Adjusted Contribution to Profit is Contribution to Profit adjusted for restructuring charges (credits). See Note 9, &#x201c;Restructuring and Related Charges&#x201d; for these charges (credits) by segment.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      id="Text_a1dc7c3fecc04ad48a53f9085cfdc339">&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;Segment information is as follows:&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z586018972b0b4d2f8b0ae2e0a1c826a8" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Revenue:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;229,375&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;225,317&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;144,858&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;156,424&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;49,297&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;29,160&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Revenue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;423,530&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;410,901&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Contribution to Profit:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;55,646&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57,317&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;4,911&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,767&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(7,199&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5,019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Contribution to Profit&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;53,358&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;74,065&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Expenses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(48,799&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(37,925&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating Income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;4,559&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;36,140&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adjusted Contribution to Profit:&lt;sup&gt; (1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;58,266&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;56,337&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;7,716&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,050&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(5,110&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5,227&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Adjusted Contribution to Profit&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;60,872&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;72,160&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Adjusted Corporate Expenses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(45,578&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(42,106&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Adjusted Operating Income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;15,294&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;30,054&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Depreciation and Amortization:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;17,153&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15,365&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;16,524&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;17,577&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;5,498&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,467&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Depreciation and Amortization&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;39,175&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;36,409&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Depreciation and Amortization&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;3,044&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,762&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Depreciation and Amortization&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;42,219&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;40,171&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adjusted EBITDA:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;75,419&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;71,702&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;24,240&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;38,627&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;388&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,760&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Segment Adjusted EBITDA&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;100,047&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;108,569&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Adjusted EBITDA&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(42,534&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(38,344&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Adjusted EBITDA&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;57,513&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70,225&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zbe5624549dd34e9f8080f47e13b37139" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Adjusted Contribution to Profit is Contribution to Profit adjusted for restructuring charges (credits). See Note 9, &#x201c;Restructuring and Related Charges&#x201d; for these charges (credits) by segment.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 11 &lt;/span&gt;&#x2014; &lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Inventories&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;Inventories, net were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zc3aedc22935b4e9d9a44162287bc2fbf" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Finished Goods&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;36,050&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;33,736&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Work-in-Process&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;3,843&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,094&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Paper and Other Materials&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;354&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;373&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;40,247&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;36,203&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Inventory Value of Estimated Sales Returns&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;8,585&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,739&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;LIFO Reserve&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(4,021&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4,360&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Inventories&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;44,811&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;35,582&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:InventoryDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      id="Text_8232f6f40221439899b85e32adabb255">&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;Inventories, net were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zc3aedc22935b4e9d9a44162287bc2fbf" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Finished Goods&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;36,050&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;33,736&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Work-in-Process&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;3,843&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,094&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Paper and Other Materials&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;354&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;373&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;40,247&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;36,203&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Inventory Value of Estimated Sales Returns&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;8,585&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,739&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;LIFO Reserve&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(4,021&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4,360&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Inventories&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;44,811&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;35,582&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:InventoryFinishedGoods
      contextRef="c20190731"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_6513c063169b432fa96aaf34b0363b78"
      unitRef="U002">36050000</us-gaap:InventoryFinishedGoods>
    <us-gaap:InventoryFinishedGoods
      contextRef="c20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_b82a3be538834894a6006f06c5150892"
      unitRef="U002">33736000</us-gaap:InventoryFinishedGoods>
    <us-gaap:InventoryWorkInProcess
      contextRef="c20190731"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_56670f8847f145c3b3d462cc22c38c6e"
      unitRef="U002">3843000</us-gaap:InventoryWorkInProcess>
    <us-gaap:InventoryWorkInProcess
      contextRef="c20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_502d17897a09464cb5291c7b46fd9f58"
      unitRef="U002">2094000</us-gaap:InventoryWorkInProcess>
    <us-gaap:InventoryRawMaterials
      contextRef="c20190731"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_713f89cd8f5e41dd9b203f7bb93a27a2"
      unitRef="U002">354000</us-gaap:InventoryRawMaterials>
    <us-gaap:InventoryRawMaterials
      contextRef="c20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_fa1ceb44df4941189b3396a0e139effe"
      unitRef="U002">373000</us-gaap:InventoryRawMaterials>
    <us-gaap:InventoryGross
      contextRef="c20190731"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_b9fb531a68bc49e2ab30176c38e2ef78"
      unitRef="U002">40247000</us-gaap:InventoryGross>
    <us-gaap:InventoryGross
      contextRef="c20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_45c38e28af5649e4960c77d7c29acf00"
      unitRef="U002">36203000</us-gaap:InventoryGross>
    <jwa:InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns
      contextRef="c20190731"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_54ef05fe4faf4a6f8bf26ce32676dac4"
      unitRef="U002">-8585000</jwa:InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns>
    <jwa:InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns
      contextRef="c20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_44fe6135d718417889d9af4f10efe821"
      unitRef="U002">-3739000</jwa:InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns>
    <us-gaap:InventoryLIFOReserve
      contextRef="c20190731"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_f3f9ea58d74b499bbca7055b09648cf0"
      unitRef="U002">4021000</us-gaap:InventoryLIFOReserve>
    <us-gaap:InventoryLIFOReserve
      contextRef="c20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_cb56429e44ed4c6f91c092c7eedf4020"
      unitRef="U002">4360000</us-gaap:InventoryLIFOReserve>
    <us-gaap:InventoryNet
      contextRef="c20190731"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_3163abd1410145e98684ba3240e57fc5"
      unitRef="U002">44811000</us-gaap:InventoryNet>
    <us-gaap:InventoryNet
      contextRef="c20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_cba0aef4120f4e8cb527c562caf540b7"
      unitRef="U002">35582000</us-gaap:InventoryNet>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      id="Text_6b8b5d5966694e22ab3b17d72a397c65">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 12 &lt;/span&gt;&#x2014;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Goodwill and Intangible Assets&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Goodwill&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;The following table summarizes the activity in goodwill by segment as of July 31, 2019&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z87a49f52c8f64cc3be9166e1f402e4f4" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Acquisitions &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Translation&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adjustment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;438,511&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;844&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(15,953&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;423,402&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;458,145&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;41,771&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(545&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;499,371&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;199,010&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;199,010&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,095,666&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;42,615&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(16,498&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;1,121,783&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z5928c3d2325d42a08a047912b11af3d0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Refer to Note 3, &#x201c;Acquisitions,&#x201d; for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas. See Note 10, &#x201c;Segment Information,&#x201d; for more details. Due to this reorganization, we have reallocated goodwill to our reporting units using a relative fair value approach. We tested goodwill for impairment immediately before and after the reorganization, and we concluded that the fair values of the reporting units were above their carrying values and, therefore, there was no indication of impairment.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Intangible Assets&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;Identifiable intangible assets, net consisted of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zc0a56cfada8b4eb69178e73329684311" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;Intangible Assets with Determinable Lives, net:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Content and Publishing Rights &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;378,803&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;389,172&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Customer Relationships &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;249,647&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;245,830&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Brands and Trademarks &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;12,369&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;12,993&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Covenants not to Compete&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;395&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;445&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Developed Technology &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;22,109&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;663,323&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;648,440&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;Intangible Assets with Indefinite Lives:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Brands and Trademarks&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;128,817&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;130,909&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Content and Publishing Rights&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;86,129&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;86,223&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;214,946&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;217,132&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Intangible Assets, Net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;878,269&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;865,572&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z54d78456c00c4738b93afdd896f53b45" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Refer to Note 3, &#x201c;Acquisitions,&#x201d; for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfGoodwillTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      id="Text_6a4fda355d3f43b697b279db7cf4a399">&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;The following table summarizes the activity in goodwill by segment as of July 31, 2019&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z87a49f52c8f64cc3be9166e1f402e4f4" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Acquisitions &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Translation&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adjustment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;438,511&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;844&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(15,953&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;423,402&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Publishing &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;458,145&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;41,771&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(545&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;499,371&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;199,010&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;199,010&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,095,666&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;42,615&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(16,498&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;1,121,783&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z5928c3d2325d42a08a047912b11af3d0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Refer to Note 3, &#x201c;Acquisitions,&#x201d; for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:ScheduleOfGoodwillTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="c20190430_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_41402995bae9483796fc828466797396"
      unitRef="U002">438511000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_569634a2c48745d4b9b45450bb5a749f"
      unitRef="U002">844000</us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_f6ef1709f42741a4a54df765106eb55a"
      unitRef="U002">-15953000</us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="c20190731_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_b545ab742339416983538f302cde449c"
      unitRef="U002">423402000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="c20190430_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_78f3002a8e3d45179dd9724c42affc46"
      unitRef="U002">458145000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_0aa7baa799a74631a73a3f2d757d27cc"
      unitRef="U002">41771000</us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_dba04f710ad44a87a3546222df3ea540"
      unitRef="U002">-545000</us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="c20190731_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationPublishingAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_be159714e8f24fca9444b7041035c913"
      unitRef="U002">499371000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="c20190430_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_4672934e77ca4df9994a5661139b2209"
      unitRef="U002">199010000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_44144d174cb9412398ade299067b089f"
      unitRef="U002">0</us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_4fa2849960a74e61a405040e32d06cfd"
      unitRef="U002">0</us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="c20190731_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_c28f8bad79ea4acba66b064a40b02510"
      unitRef="U002">199010000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="c20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_0e9bfe5b274443d2b2d5443d255466a7"
      unitRef="U002">1095666000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_15515d12747f4c929480367d6c7e75d8"
      unitRef="U002">42615000</us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_32166e79ae954d218112e20079f6995d"
      unitRef="U002">-16498000</us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="c20190731"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_5fc4c66c465d4a64ad4eb3c84a716a1c"
      unitRef="U002">1121783000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <jwa:ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      id="Text_cff9aba7c5d04506acbace21ff446c81">&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;Identifiable intangible assets, net consisted of the following:&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zc0a56cfada8b4eb69178e73329684311" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;Intangible Assets with Determinable Lives, net:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Content and Publishing Rights &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;378,803&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;389,172&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Customer Relationships &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;249,647&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;245,830&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Brands and Trademarks &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;12,369&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;12,993&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Covenants not to Compete&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;395&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;445&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Developed Technology &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;22,109&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;663,323&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;648,440&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;Intangible Assets with Indefinite Lives:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Brands and Trademarks&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;128,817&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;130,909&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Content and Publishing Rights&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;86,129&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;86,223&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;214,946&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;217,132&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Intangible Assets, Net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;878,269&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;865,572&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z54d78456c00c4738b93afdd896f53b45" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Refer to Note 3, &#x201c;Acquisitions,&#x201d; for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The effective tax rate for the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019 was 8.6%, compared to 22.8% for the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2018. The rate for the three months ended July 31, 2019 was less than the rate for the corresponding prior period due to certain net discrete items totaling $0.4 million, which had a disproportionately large impact on our rate because of our relatively small amount of pretax income. Excluding the effects of these discrete items, the rate for the three months ended July 31, 2019 would have been 22.5%.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 14 &lt;/span&gt;&#x2014;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Retirement Plans&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;The components of net pension income for our global defined benefit plans were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

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  &lt;tr&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Service cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;224&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;233&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Interest cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;5,834&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6,212&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Expected return on plan assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(10,059&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(9,902&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Net amortization of prior service cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(19&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(24&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Unrecognized net actuarial loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;1,600&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,434&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Net pension income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(2,420&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2,047&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Employer defined benefit pension plan contributions were $4.7 million and $3.6 million for the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The expense for employer defined contribution plans was $4.3 million and $4.5 million for the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfNetBenefitCostsTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      id="Text_4c2b4e4f3cac4f3886a278b2f8bb3717">&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;The components of net pension income for our global defined benefit plans were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb4a9efc8786f4d9db6da77365863945b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;July 31,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Service cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;224&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;233&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Interest cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;5,834&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6,212&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Expected return on plan assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(10,059&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(9,902&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Net amortization of prior service cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 15 &lt;/span&gt;&#x2014;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Debt and Available Credit Facilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Amended and Restated RCA&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;On May 30, 2019, we entered into a credit agreement that amended and restated our existing revolving credit agreement (&#x201c;Amended and Restated RCA&#x201d;). The Amended and Restated RCA provides for senior unsecured credit facilities comprised of a (i) five-year revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount up to $1.25 billion, and (ii) a five-year term loan A facility consisting of $250 million.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Under the terms of the Amended and Restated RCA, which can be drawn in multiple currencies, we have the option of borrowing at the following floating interest rates:&#160;(i) at a rate based on the London Interbank Offered Rate (&#x201c;LIBOR&#x201d;) plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.98% to 1.50%, depending on our consolidated net leverage ratio, as defined, or (ii) at the lender&#x2019;s base rate plus an applicable margin ranging from zero to 0.50%, depending on our consolidated net leverage ratio.&#160;The lender&#x2019;s base rate is defined as the highest of (i) the U.S. federal funds effective rate plus a 0.50% margin, (ii) the Eurocurrency rate, as defined, plus a 1.00% margin, or (iii) the Bank of America prime lending rate. In addition, we pay a facility fee for the revolving credit facility ranging from 0.15% to 0.25% depending on our consolidated net leverage ratio.&#160;We also have the option to request an increase in the revolving credit facility by an amount not to exceed $500 million, in minimum increments of $50 million, subject to the approval of the lenders.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The &lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Amended and Restated RCA&lt;/span&gt; contains certain customary affirmative and negative covenants, including a financial covenant in the form of a consolidated net leverage ratio and consolidated interest coverage ratio, which we were in compliance with as of July 31, 2019.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We incurred an immaterial loss on the write-off of unamortized deferred costs in connection with the refinancing of our RCA (as defined below) which is reflected in Interest and Other Income on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended July 31, 2019.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We incurred $4.0 million of costs related to the Amended and Restated RCA which resulted in total costs capitalized of $5.2 million.&#160; The amount related to the term loan A facility is $0.9 million, consisting of $0.8 million of lender fees and recorded as a reduction to Long-Term Debt and $0.1 million of non-lender fees included in Other Non-Current Assets. The amount related to the five-year revolving credit facility is $4.3 million, all of which is included in Other Non-Current Assets.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The amortization expense of the lender and non-lender fees is recognized over the five-year term of the Amended and Restated RCA. Total amortization expense in the three months ended July 31, 2019 was $0.2 million and is included in Interest Expense on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Our total debt outstanding as of July 31, 2019 was $730.5 million, which included $6.3 million of current portion of long-term debt related to our term loan A under the Amended and Restated RCA and long-term debt of $724.3 million. The long-term debt consisted of $243.0 million related to our term loan A under the Amended and Restated RCA, net of unamortized issuance costs of $0.8 million and $481.3 million related to the revolving credit facility under the Amended and Restated RCA.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;RCA&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As of April 30, 2019, total debt outstanding was $478.8 million, which consisted of amounts due under our RCA.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We had a revolving credit agreement (&#x201c;RCA&#x201d;) with a syndicated bank group led by Bank of America. The RCA consisted of a $1.1 billion five-year senior revolving credit facility payable March 1, 2021. Since there were no principal payments due until the end of the agreement in the year ended April 30, 2021, we had classified our entire debt obligation as long-term as of April 30, 2019.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 16 &lt;/span&gt;&#x2014;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;From time-to-time, we enter into forward exchange and interest rate swap contracts as a hedge against foreign currency asset and liability commitments, changes in interest rates and anticipated transaction exposures, including intercompany purchases. All derivatives are recognized as assets or liabilities and measured at fair value on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Derivatives that are not determined to be effective hedges are adjusted to fair value with a corresponding adjustment to earnings. We do not use financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Interest Rate Contracts&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As of July 31, 2019, we had total debt outstanding of $730.5 million, net of unamortized issuance costs of $0.8 million of which&#160; $731.3 million are variable rate loans outstanding under the Amended and Restated RCA, which approximated fair value.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;On June 24, 2019 we entered into a forward starting interest rate swap agreement, which fixed a portion of the variable interest due on our Amended RCA. Under the terms of the agreement, we pay a fixed rate of 1.650% and receive a variable rate of interest based on one month LIBOR from the counterparty which is reset every month for a three-year period ending July 15, 2022. As of July 31, 2019, the notional amount of the interest rate swap was $100.0 million. It is management&#x2019;s intention that the notional amount of interest rate swaps be less than the variable rate loans outstanding during the life of the derivatives.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;On April 4, 2016, we entered into a forward starting interest rate swap agreement which fixed a portion of the variable interest due on a variable rate debt renewal on May 16, 2016. Under the terms of the agreement, which expired on May 15, 2019, we paid a fixed rate of&#160; 0.92% and receive a variable rate of interest based on one month LIBOR from the counterparty which was reset every month for a three-year period ending May 15, 2019.&#160; Prior to expiration, the notional amount of the interest rate swap was $350.0 million.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As of July 31, 2019 and April 30, 2019, the interest rate swap agreements maintained by us were designated as cash flow hedges as defined under ASC 815 &#x201c;Derivatives and Hedging.&#x201d; As a result, there was no impact on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps as they were fully offset by changes in the interest expense on the underlying variable rate debt instruments.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We record the fair value of our interest rate swaps on a recurring basis using Level 2 inputs of quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets. The fair value of the interest rate swaps as of July 31, 2019 and April 30, 2019 was a deferred gain of $0.3 million and $0.5 million, respectively. Based on the maturity dates of the contracts, the entire deferred gain as of July 31, 2019 was recorded Other Non-Current Assets and as of April 30, 2019 was recorded within Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets. The pre-tax gains that were reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Interest Expense for the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018 were $0.2 million and $1.0 million, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Foreign Currency Contracts&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We may enter into forward exchange contracts to manage our exposure on certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. The forward exchange contracts are marked to market through Foreign Exchange Transaction (Losses) Gains in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and carried at their fair value in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities are remeasured at spot rates in effect on the balance sheet date, with the effects of changes in spot rates reported in Foreign Exchange Transaction Gains (Losses) in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As of July 31, 2019, and April 30, 2019, we did not maintain any open forward exchange contracts. In addition, we did not maintain any open forward contracts during the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019 and 2018.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 17 &lt;/span&gt;&#x2014;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Share Repurchases&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;During the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018, we repurchased 217,511 and 125,932 shares of Class A common stock at an average price of $45.97 and $63.48, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Dividends&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;On June 27, 2019, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.34 per common share, or $19.2 million, on our Class A and Class B common stock. The dividend was paid on July 24, 2019 to shareholders of record on July 10, 2019.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Changes in Common Stock&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;The following is a summary of changes during the three months ended July 31, in shares of our common stock and common stock in treasury (shares in thousands).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70,127&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70,111&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Common stock class conversions&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;12&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares issued, end of period&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70,139&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70,115&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Changes in Common Stock A in treasury:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares held, beginning of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;22,634&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,853&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Purchase of treasury shares&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;218&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;126&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Restricted shares issued under stock-based compensation plans - non-PSU Awards&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(36&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(22&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Restricted shares issued under stock-based compensation plans - PSU Awards&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(43&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(59&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Restricted shares, forfeited&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Restricted shares issued from exercise of stock options&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(12&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(221&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Shares withheld for taxes&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;33&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;41&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares held, end of period&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;22,795&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,722&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of Common Stock A outstanding, end of period&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;47,344&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48,393&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z9577498661e54d7cb76319f745750d6b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Changes in Common Stock B:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares, beginning of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,055&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,071&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Common stock class conversions&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(12&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares issued, end of period&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,043&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,067&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Changes in Common Stock B in treasury:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares held, beginning of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,918&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,918&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares held, end of period&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,918&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,918&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of Common Stock B outstanding, end of period&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,125&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,149&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="0"
      id="Fact_93ffdcc0eba348dd9daa08e9ec709e3e"
      unitRef="U001">217511</us-gaap:StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares>
    <us-gaap:StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares
      contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="0"
      id="Fact_7eb59a2710834b4da897d74716601679"
      unitRef="U001">125932</us-gaap:StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="2"
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      unitRef="U003">45.97</us-gaap:TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare
      contextRef="c20180501to20180731_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="2"
      id="Fact_34814f792bff43e59f4b77bd665c365c"
      unitRef="U003">63.48</us-gaap:TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare>
    <us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear
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      id="Fact_3e777ccda0d64d2fbc100e6afa9fbac2">2019-06-27</us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear>
    <us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember"
      id="Fact_4ed3156650914d8dbc0ed7ae825cf737">2019-06-27</us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="2"
      id="Fact_38f60446cf9b47e58bddfd37ad35c699"
      unitRef="U003">0.34</us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="2"
      id="Fact_b80ad75411b14f49a6df94f815a4c5ae"
      unitRef="U003">0.34</us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock
      contextRef="c20190724to20190724_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_92a1d294a6cd4eacbf3d6e87f93f70dd"
      unitRef="U002">19200000</us-gaap:PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock>
    <us-gaap:DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember"
      id="Fact_f67246d59d294427825484b5063a0dcd">2019-07-24</us-gaap:DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear>
    <us-gaap:DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember"
      id="Fact_2b32f6bc1ff74f139950ac7009f9bb5c">2019-07-24</us-gaap:DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear>
    <us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember"
      id="Fact_3423378af12a48c29fe95cd79606e707">2019-07-10</us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear>
    <us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember"
      id="Fact_96ef7c17c5a74041a98260e05790d515">2019-07-10</us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfStockByClassTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731"
      id="Text_e3e82389b9ff4b72b8abee975a8af52b">&lt;span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;"&gt;The following is a summary of changes during the three months ended July 31, in shares of our common stock and common stock in treasury (shares in thousands).&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z3c97453aefcf42d2a1651d0889ebc32c" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Changes in Common Stock A:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares, beginning of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70,127&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70,111&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Common stock class conversions&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;12&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares issued, end of period&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70,139&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70,115&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Changes in Common Stock A in treasury:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares held, beginning of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;22,634&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,853&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Purchase of treasury shares&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;218&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;126&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Restricted shares issued under stock-based compensation plans - non-PSU Awards&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(36&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(22&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Restricted shares issued under stock-based compensation plans - PSU Awards&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(43&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(59&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Restricted shares, forfeited&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Restricted shares issued from exercise of stock options&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(12&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(221&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Shares withheld for taxes&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;33&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;41&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares held, end of period&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;22,795&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,722&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of Common Stock A outstanding, end of period&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;47,344&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48,393&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z9577498661e54d7cb76319f745750d6b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Changes in Common Stock B:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares, beginning of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,055&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,071&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Common stock class conversions&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(12&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares issued, end of period&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,043&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,067&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Changes in Common Stock B in treasury:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares held, beginning of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,918&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,918&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares held, end of period&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 18 &lt;/span&gt;&#x2014;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Commitments and Contingencies&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We are involved in routine litigation in the ordinary course of our business. A provision for litigation is accrued when information available to us indicates that it is probable a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgment may be required to determine both the probability and estimates of loss. When the amount of the loss can only be estimated within a range, the most likely outcome within that range is accrued. If no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, the minimum amount within the range is accrued. When uncertainties exist related to the probable outcome of litigation and/or the amount or range of loss, we do not record a liability, but disclose facts related to the nature of the contingency and possible losses if management considers the information to be material. Reserves for legal defense costs are recognized when incurred. The accruals for loss contingencies and legal costs are reviewed regularly and may be adjusted to reflect updated information on the status of litigation and advice of legal counsel. In the opinion of management, the ultimate resolution of all pending litigation as of July 31, 2019, will not have a material effect upon our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position or Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6979685472">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW - UNAUDITED - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Operating Activities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net income</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,624<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 26,295<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets', window );">Amortization of intangibles</a></td>
<td class="nump">14,970<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,683<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets', window );">Amortization of product development assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,714<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,428<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Depreciation', window );">Depreciation and amortization of technology, property and equipment</a></td>
<td class="nump">18,535<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,060<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,735<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(6,086)<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based compensation expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,604<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,930<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherPostretirementBenefitExpense', window );">Employee retirement plan expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,841<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,469<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidRoyalties', window );">Royalty advances</a></td>
<td class="num">(25,687)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(28,526)<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfAdvanceRoyalty', window );">Earned royalty advances</a></td>
<td class="nump">33,886<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">39,069<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax', window );">Foreign currency (gains) losses</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,652)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,729<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense', window );">Other non-cash charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,750<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,287)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,934<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(64,053)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableTrade', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="num">(23,742)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(36,138)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability', window );">Contract liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(103,268)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(67,221)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherAccruedLiabilities', window );">Other accrued liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(33,404)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(50,424)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherOperatingCapitalNet', window );">Other assets and liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(18,008)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,917)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities', window );">Net Cash Used in Operating Activities</a></td>
<td class="num">(94,168)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(144,989)<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Investing Activities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets', window );">Product development spending</a></td>
<td class="num">(6,211)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(6,246)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Additions to technology, property and equipment</a></td>
<td class="num">(24,202)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(18,304)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired', window );">Businesses acquired in purchase transaction, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="num">(73,209)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets', window );">Acquisitions of publication rights and other</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,270)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,970)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities', window );">Net Cash Used in Investing Activities</a></td>
<td class="num">(105,892)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(26,520)<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Financing Activities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLongTermDebt', window );">Repayment of long-term debt</a></td>
<td class="num">(10,400)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(29,900)<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfLongTermDebt', window );">Borrowing of long-term debt</a></td>
<td class="nump">264,248<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">177,654<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts', window );">Payment of debt issuance costs</a></td>
<td class="num">(3,957)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock', window );">Purchase of treasury shares</a></td>
<td class="num">(10,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7,994)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts', window );">Change in book overdrafts</a></td>
<td class="num">(6,169)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(9,390)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock', window );">Cash dividends</a></td>
<td class="num">(19,252)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(19,043)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther', window );">Net (payments) proceeds from exercise of stock options and other</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,137)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,880<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities', window );">Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities</a></td>
<td class="nump">213,333<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">119,207<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Effects of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,138)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,363)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffectAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash Reconciliation:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">92,890<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">169,773<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents', window );">Restricted cash included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">658<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">484<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Balance at Beginning of Period</a></td>
<td class="nump">93,548<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">170,257<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect', window );">Increase/(Decrease) for the Period</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,135<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(56,665)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">104,025<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">113,108<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents', window );">Restricted cash included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">658<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">484<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Balance at End of Period</a></td>
<td class="nump">104,683<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">113,592<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash Paid During the Period for:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet', window );">Interest</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,410<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,476<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet', window );">Income taxes, net of refunds</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,484<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 12,202<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow for book composition and other product development spending.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The charge against earnings in the period representing the amortization of product development assets, which consist of composition costs and royalty advances to authors.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow or inflow resulting from the exercise of employee stock options and other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Restructuring charges for research and professional development, net of related reversal of severance provisions previously recorded by the Company.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfAdvanceRoyalty">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The expense charged against earnings for the periodic recognition of the advance royalties. These royalties are paid in one accounting period, but are deducted from earnings over time through amortization. For example, royalties that are required to be paid in advance of production from a mineral, oil, or gas property and amortized over the period of right to produce these items.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AmortizationOfAdvanceRoyalty</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate expense charged against earnings to allocate the cost of intangible assets (nonphysical assets not used in production) in a systematic and rational manner to the periods expected to benefit from such assets. As a noncash expense, this element is added back to net income when calculating cash provided by or used in operations using the indirect method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6388964&amp;loc=d3e16225-109274<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage. Excludes amount for disposal group and discontinued operations. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=SL98516268-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage; including effect from exchange rate change. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 230<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513438&amp;loc=d3e33268-110906<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffectAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffectAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Depreciation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of expense recognized in the current period that reflects the allocation of the cost of tangible assets over the assets' useful lives. Includes production and non-production related depreciation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Depreciation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) from effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage; held in foreign currencies. Excludes amounts for disposal group and discontinued operations. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 230<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513438&amp;loc=d3e33268-110906<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before tax of foreign currency transaction realized and unrealized gain (loss) recognized in the income statement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450222&amp;loc=d3e30840-110895<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109240200&amp;loc=d3e30700-110894<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109240200&amp;loc=d3e30690-110894<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of cash paid during the current period to foreign, federal, state, and local authorities as taxes on income, net of any cash received during the current period as refunds for the overpayment of taxes.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4297-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amount due from customers for the credit sale of goods and services; includes accounts receivable and other types of receivables.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableTrade">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Change in recurring obligations of a business that arise from the acquisition of merchandise, materials, supplies and services used in the production and sale of goods and services.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableTrade</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherAccruedLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in other expenses incurred but not yet paid.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherAccruedLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherOperatingCapitalNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in operating assets after deduction of operating liabilities classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherOperatingCapitalNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidRoyalties">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) of consideration paid in advance for royalties that provide economic benefits in future periods.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidRoyalties</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash paid for interest, excluding capitalized interest, classified as operating activity. Includes, but is not limited to, payment to settle zero-coupon bond for accreted interest of debt discount and debt instrument with insignificant coupon interest rate in relation to effective interest rate of borrowing attributable to accreted interest of debt discount.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4297-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3367-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestPaidNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities, including discontinued operations. Financing activity cash flows include obtaining resources from owners and providing them with a return on, and a return of, their investment; borrowing money and repaying amounts borrowed, or settling the obligation; and obtaining and paying for other resources obtained from creditors on long-term credit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities, including discontinued operations. Investing activity cash flows include making and collecting loans and acquiring and disposing of debt or equity instruments and property, plant, and equipment and other productive assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities, including discontinued operations. Operating activity cash flows include transactions, adjustments, and changes in value not defined as investing or financing activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637391&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(18))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637232&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(20))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (expense) included in net income that results in no cash inflow (outflow), classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherPostretirementBenefitExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cost (reversal of cost) for other postretirement benefits. Excludes pension benefits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherPostretirementBenefitExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow to reacquire common stock during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow paid to third parties in connection with debt origination, which will be amortized over the remaining maturity period of the associated long-term debt.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow in the form of ordinary dividends to common shareholders of the parent entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of a business, net of the cash acquired from the purchase.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow to acquire asset without physical form usually arising from contractual or other legal rights, excluding goodwill.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of long-lived, physical assets that are used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale; includes cash outflows to pay for construction of self-constructed assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfLongTermDebt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow from a debt initially having maturity due after one year or beyond the operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfLongTermDebt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net cash inflow or outflow from the excess drawing from an existing cash balance, which will be honored by the bank but reflected as a loan to the drawer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3098-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow for debt initially having maturity due after one year or beyond the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLongTermDebt</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents restricted as to withdrawal or usage. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=SL98516268-108586<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(1)(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncash expense for share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6805805248">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION - UNAUDITED (Parenthetical) - $ / shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Shareholders' Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Preferred Stock, par value (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Preferred Stock, shares authorized (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,000,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued', window );">Preferred Stock, shares issued (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Shareholders' Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common Stock, par value (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Common Stock, shares authorized (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">180,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">180,000,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Common Stock, shares issued (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">70,138,555<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">70,126,963<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares', window );">Treasury stock (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">22,795,256<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">22,633,869<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Shareholders' Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common Stock, par value (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Common Stock, shares authorized (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">72,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">72,000,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Common Stock, shares issued (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,043,115<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,054,707<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares', window );">Treasury stock (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,917,574<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,917,574<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face amount or stated value per share of common stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of common shares permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of common shares of an entity that have been sold or granted to shareholders (includes common shares that were issued, repurchased and remain in the treasury). These shares represent capital invested by the firm's shareholders and owners, and may be all or only a portion of the number of shares authorized. Shares issued include shares outstanding and shares held in the treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face amount or stated value per share of preferred stock nonredeemable or redeemable solely at the option of the issuer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of nonredeemable preferred shares (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of nonredeemable preferred shares (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) issued to shareholders (includes related preferred shares that were issued, repurchased, and remain in the treasury). May be all or portion of the number of preferred shares authorized. Excludes preferred shares that are classified as debt.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of common and preferred shares that were previously issued and that were repurchased by the issuing entity and held in treasury on the financial statement date. This stock has no voting rights and receives no dividends.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29,30)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405813&amp;loc=d3e23239-112655<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6808279616">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Operating Leases (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Operating Leases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock', window );">ROU Assets and Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">For operating leases, the ROU assets and liabilities are presented in our </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">Unaudited </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as follows:</span>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zd5feecfae759498d9a35765804ef5faf" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Balance at July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">147,370</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Short-term portion of operating lease liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">18,041</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating Lease Liabilities, non-current</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">166,642</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock', window );">Total Net Lease Costs</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our total net lease costs are as follows:</div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zc4ca55ffac8a4760bf55c293ec697f2c" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating lease cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6,861</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Variable lease cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,203</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Sublease income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(523</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total net lease cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">7,541</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock', window );">Other Supplemental Information</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other supplemental information includes the following:</div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z789a1228af35429bbeddea2fb1456920" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Weighted-Average</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Remaining Contractual</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Lease Term (Years)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Three Months Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating leases</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Weighted-average discount rate:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating leases</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">5.82</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating cash flows from operating leases</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">7,300</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock', window );">Reconciliation of Undiscounted Cash Flows to Operating Lease Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">The table below reconciles the undiscounted cash flows for the first five years and total of the remaining years to the operating lease liabilities recorded in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of July 31, 2019</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000;">:</span>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z9a27109d9e294ff4b7f05edd6eef9a10" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Fiscal Year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Operating Lease</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of other supplemental information related to operating leases of lessee.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of information relating to lessee's right-of-use assets and liabilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of lessee's lease cost. Includes, but is not limited to, interest expense for finance lease, amortization of right-of-use asset for finance lease, operating lease cost, short-term lease cost, variable lease cost and sublease income.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888426&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of undiscounted cash flows of lessee's operating lease liability. Includes, but is not limited to, reconciliation of undiscounted cash flows to operating lease liability recognized in statement of financial position.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888426&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6811172880">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Acquisitions<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationsAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 3 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Acquisitions</span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Fiscal Year 2020</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Zyante Inc.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On July 1, 2019, we completed the acquisition of Zyante Inc. (&#8220;zyBooks&#8221;), a leading provider of computer science and STEM education courseware. The results of operations of zyBooks is included in our Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning segment results. The preliminary fair value of the cash consideration transferred, net of $1.8 million of cash acquired was approximately $54.1 million. We recorded the preliminary fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the acquisition date, which included a preliminary allocation of $33.2 million of goodwill and $28.5 million of intangible assets, consisting of developed technology, customer relationships, content and trademarks.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other Acquisitions</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On May 31, 2019, we completed the acquisition of certain assets of Knewton, Inc. (&#8220;Knewton&#8221;). Knewton is a provider of affordable courseware and adaptive learning technology. The results of Knewton are included in our Education Publishing &amp; Professional Learning segment results. In addition, in the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019, we also completed the acquisition of two immaterial businesses, which are included in our Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The preliminary fair value of cash consideration transferred during the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019 was approximately $19.1 million. We recorded the preliminary fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the acquisition date, which included a preliminary allocation of $9.4 million of goodwill and $15.3 million of intangible assets.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The allocation of the purchase price to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed for the acquisitions discussed above is preliminary and could be revised as a result of additional information obtained due to the finalization of the third-party valuation report,&#160; tax related matters and contingencies, but such amounts will be finalized within the measurement period, which will not exceed one year from the acquisition dates.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Fiscal Year 2019</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Learning House, Inc.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On November 1, 2018, we completed the acquisition of 100% of the outstanding stock of The Learning House, Inc. (&#8220;Learning House&#8221;) a diversified education services provider. The results of operations of Learning House are included in our Education Services segment.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The fair value of the consideration transferred was approximately $201.3 million which included $200.7 million of cash and $0.6 million of warrants, inclusive of purchase price adjustments which were finalized in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2019. We financed the payment of the cash consideration through borrowings under our RCA (as defined below in Note 15, &#8220;Debt and Available Credit Facilities&#8221;).&#160;The warrants were classified as equity and allow the holder to purchase 400,000 shares of our Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $90.00, subject to adjustments. The term of the warrants is three years, expiring on November 1, 2021. The fair value of the warrants was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of the cash consideration transferred, net of $10.3 million of cash acquired was approximately $190.4 million.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The allocation of the consideration transferred to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed is preliminary and could be revised as a result of additional information obtained due to the finalization of the third-party valuation report,&#160; tax related matters and contingencies, but such amounts will be finalized within the measurement period, which will not exceed one year from the acquisition date. During the three months ended July 31, 2019, no revisions were made to the allocation of the consideration transferred to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2303972<br></p></div>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 7 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</span></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by component, net of tax, for the three months ended July 31, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br/></span></div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">7,130</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">328</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,038</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(243</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">795</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total other comprehensive (loss) income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(35,539</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">8,168</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">85</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(27,286</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Balance at July 31, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(347,646</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(187,889</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(489</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(536,024</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Balance at April 30, 2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(251,573</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(191,026</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">3,019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(439,580</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(40,325</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">7,720</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">70</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(32,535</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,091</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(722</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">369</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total other comprehensive income (loss)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(40,325</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">8,811</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(652</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(32,166</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Balance at July 31, 2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(291,898</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(182,215</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2,367</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(471,746</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During the three months ended&#160;July 31, 2019 and 2018, pre-tax actuarial losses included in Unamortized Retirement Costs of approximately $1.3 million and $1.4 million, respectively, were amortized from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss and recognized as pension expense in Operating and Administrative Expenses and Interest and Other Income in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.</div>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for comprehensive income, which includes, but is not limited to, 1) the amount of income tax expense or benefit allocated to each component of other comprehensive income, including reclassification adjustments, 2) the reclassification adjustments for each classification of other comprehensive income and 3) the ending accumulated balances for each component of comprehensive income.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2134417<br></p></div>
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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