<SEC-DOCUMENT>0000107140-21-000023.txt : 20210617
<SEC-HEADER>0000107140-21-000023.hdr.sgml : 20210617
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20210617124506
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0000107140-21-000023
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		16
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20210611
ITEM INFORMATION:		Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers: Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20210617
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20210617

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000107140
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	BOOKS: PUBLISHING OR PUBLISHING AND PRINTING [2731]
		IRS NUMBER:				135593032
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			NY
		FISCAL YEAR END:			0430

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-11507
		FILM NUMBER:		211024000

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		111 RIVER STREET
		CITY:			HOBOKEN
		STATE:			NJ
		ZIP:			07030
		BUSINESS PHONE:		2017486000

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		111 RIVER STREET
		CITY:			HOBOKEN
		STATE:			NJ
		ZIP:			07030

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	WILEY JOHN & SONS, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20070820

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	WILEY JOHN & SONS INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19920703
</SEC-HEADER>
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<DESCRIPTION>MATTHEW S. KISSNER RETIREMENT
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    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">UNITED STATES</div>

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    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</div>

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    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Washington D.C. 20549</div>

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    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">CURRENT REPORT</div>

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    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Pursuant to Section 13 or 15 (d) of The Securities Exchange Act of 1934</div>

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    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(Date of Report)</div>

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    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)</div>

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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">----------------------------------------------------</div>
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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">---------------------------------------------</div>
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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Registrant&#8217;s telephone number, including area code:</div>
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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">---------------------------------------------</div>
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    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Not Applicable</div>

    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)</div>

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    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the
      following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):</div>

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    <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160; <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:WrittenCommunications" id="Fact_bba12b9064bd433fbb48c52aeb648c70" contextRef="c20210611to20210611" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#x2610;</ix:nonNumeric> Written communications pursuant to Rule
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    <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160; <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer" id="Fact_469992391d6a4b9491f76f81a075353f" contextRef="c20210611to20210611" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#x2610;</ix:nonNumeric> Pre-commencement communications pursuant
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    <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160; <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" id="Fact_dd9410134693441bb69185d8adcf841f" contextRef="c20210611to20210611" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#x2610;</ix:nonNumeric> Pre-commencement communications pursuant
      to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</div>

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    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</div>

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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Title of each class</div>
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    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
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    <td style="width: 12%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Trading Symbol</div>
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    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
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    <td style="width: 40%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Name of each exchange on which registered</div>
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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:Security12bTitle" id="Fact_2bd06300cadb4c859d296523a6857521" contextRef="c20210611to20210611_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember">Class A Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share</ix:nonNumeric><br />
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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
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    <td style="width: 12%; vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:TradingSymbol" id="Fact_753bbaa1c0344fd1a3031d7a4b6bdd15" contextRef="c20210611to20210611_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember">JW.A</ix:nonNumeric><br />
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    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:Security12bTitle" id="Fact_c6ac2bbd4a894a00ba5790e406b0ed64" contextRef="c20210611to20210611_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember">Class B Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share</ix:nonNumeric><br />
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    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
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    <td style="width: 12%; vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:TradingSymbol" id="Fact_a9d2107e1336470ba8cae54c5c193cb1" contextRef="c20210611to20210611_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember">JW.B</ix:nonNumeric><br />
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    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>
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    <td style="width: 40%; vertical-align: bottom;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:SecurityExchangeName" id="Fact_c76808662da64398ad7a1fcd293fdbae" contextRef="c20210611to20210611_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt-sec:exchnameen">New York Stock Exchange</ix:nonNumeric><br />
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    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this chapter)
      or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter). Emerging growth company&#160;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol', sans-serif;">&#9744;</span></div>

    <div><br />
    </div>

    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or
      revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" id="Fact_5c09da799de0463c84665685ad801ce7" contextRef="c20210611to20210611" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#x2610;</ix:nonNumeric></div>

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        <hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>

      <div></div>

    </div>

    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="z_Hlk500841738"></a><a id="z_Hlk364990"></a><a id="z_Hlk2242103"></a><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Item&#160;5.02 Departure of Directors
        or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers</span></div>

    <div style="margin-top: 0.2pt;"><br />
    </div>

    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(b) Departure of Named Executive Officer</div>

    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On June 11, 2021, Matthew S. Kissner, Group Executive Vice President, and a named executive officer, retired from John Wiley &amp; Sons,
      Inc. (the &#8220;Company&#8221;). On June 11, 2021 and June 15, 2021 respectively, the Company and Mr.&#160;Kissner entered into a Separation and Release Agreement (the &#8220;Separation and Release Agreement&#8221;) setting forth the terms of his retirement and a
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    <div style="margin-top: 0.2pt;"><br />
    </div>

    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The terms of the Separation and Release Agreement include the following:</div>

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  <tr>

    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-top: 0.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman">&#9679;</span></div>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Last day of active employment with the Company will be June 30, 2021. He will be eligible to be treated under all benefit and
                equity programs as a &#8220;retiree&#8221;;</div>
            </td>

  </tr>


</table>
    </div>

    <div>
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  <tr>

    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;">
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              <div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Eligible to receive a FY2021 payment under the Wiley Executive Annual Incentive Plan (&#8220;EAIP&#8221;) based on his personal
                performance and actual business results in accordance with the EAIP;</div>
            </td>

  </tr>


</table>
    </div>

    <div>
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  <tr>

    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-top: 0.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman">&#9679;</span></div>
            </td>

    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Eligible to receive full participation in the performance share units for the FY20-22 and FY21-23 performance cycles. Payout
                for the performance share units will be made based on achievement of financial goals, at the end of those cycles;</div>
            </td>

  </tr>


</table>
    </div>

    <div>
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  <tr>

    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-top: 0.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman">&#9679;</span></div>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accelerated vesting of the restricted share units that would have otherwise vested through April 2023;</div>
            </td>

  </tr>


</table>
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  <tr>

    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-top: 0.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman">&#9679;</span></div>
            </td>

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              <div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Non-compete and non-solicitation provisions that apply for one year.</div>
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  </tr>


</table>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The terms of the Transition and Consulting Agreement, including the following:</div>

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  <tr>

    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-top: 0.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman">&#9679;</span></div>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Mr.&#160;Kissner will provide consulting and transition services to the Company on an as-needed basis, beginning no earlier than
                July 1, 2021 and continuing through September 30, 2021 (&#8220;Consulting Period&#8221;);</div>
            </td>

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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-top: 0.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman">&#9679;</span></div>
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              <div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A monthly retainer of $20,000. The parties do not intend that Mr. Kissner will work more than one 8-hour day per week or more
                than twenty percent (20%) of the average time that he worked over the 36-month period ending on June 25, 2021;</div>
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</table>
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  <tr>

    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-top: 0.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman">&#9679;</span></div>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During the Consulting Period, Mr. Kissner may pursue other employment or consulting engagements subject to non-compete and
                non-solicitation obligations.</div>
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</table>
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    <div style="margin-top: 0.2pt;"><br />
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    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The foregoing description of the terms of the Separation and Release Agreement and the Transition and Consulting Agreement is qualified
      in its entirety by reference to the full text of such Agreements, copies of which are filed as Exhibit 10.1 and Exhibit 10.2 attached hereto, respectively, and the terms of which are incorporated by reference herein.</div>

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    <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Item 9.01 &#8211; Financial Statements and Exhibits.</span></div>

    <div style="margin: 12pt 0px 0px; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"> Exhibit No. Description</span></div>

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    <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">10.1</span><span style="width: 9pt; font-size: 1px; display: inline-block;" class="HorizontalTab"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Separation and Release Agreement, dated June 11, 2021</span></div>

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    <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">104</span>&#160;<span style="width: 9pt; font-size: 1px; display: inline-block;" class="HorizontalTab"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)</span></div>

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    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">SIGNATURES</span></div>

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    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">JOHN WILEY &amp; SONS, INC.</div>
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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Registrant</div>
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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">/s/ Brian A. Napack</div>
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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Brian A. Napack</div>
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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">/s/ John A. Kritzmacher</div>
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    <td style="width: 26%; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" colspan="1">&#160;</td>

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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">John A. Kritzmacher</div>
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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Executive Vice President and</div>
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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Dated: June 17, 2021</div>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-10.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>exhibit10_1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>SEPARATION AND RELEASE AGREEMENT, DATED JUNE 11, 2021
<TEXT>
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    <div style="text-align: center; margin-right: 128.9pt; margin-left: 146.7pt; margin-top: 3.95pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u>SEPARATION AND RELEASE AGREEMENT</u></div>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-right: 5.35pt; margin-left: 23.6pt; margin-top: 4.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">This Separation and Release Agreement (&#8220;Agreement&#8221;) is made this 9<sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">th</sup> day of June
      2021 between John Wiley &amp; Sons (&#8220;Company&#8221;), on behalf of itself and its predecessors, parents, successors, divisions, assigns, affiliates and subsidiaries and you, Matthew Kissner, your heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns
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    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-right: 5.4pt; margin-left: 23.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">When signed by you, this Agreement will confirm the terms of your separation from the Company and this Agreement
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    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-right: 5.4pt; margin-left: 23.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">You have been employed by Wiley as Group Executive Vice President and based out of the Company&#8217;s Hoboken, New
      Jersey Corporate Headquarters.&#160; You have notified the Company of your intention to retire from service with the Company.&#160; Since your employment relationship with Wiley is ending, the Company has offered you benefits as set forth in this Agreement,
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    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-right: 5.4pt; margin-left: 23.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">In consideration of the monies, mutual promises, mutual covenants and terms contained in this Agreement, the
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              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 5.6pt; margin-top: 4.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.</div>
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              <div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 4.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Last day of Employment:</u></font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">&#160;</font>Your last day of active employment with the Company will be June 30, 2021 and your employment with the Company will terminate on that date
                (&#8220;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Separation Date</font>&#8221;). You will be eligible to be treated under all benefit and equity programs as a &#8220;retiree.&#8221;</div>
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              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 5.6pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.</div>
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              <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Transition Responsibilities:</u></font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">&#160;</font>This separation package is predicated on your compliance with the terms of this Agreement, including its Release provisions and your
                agreeing to carry out your responsibilities satisfactorily and ensure a smooth transition of all projects through your last day of employment.</div>
            </td>
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            <td style="width: 23.6pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 5.6pt; margin-top: 4.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 4.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Consideration</u></font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">:</font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>&#160;</u></font>In exchange for the promises and releases in
                this Agreement, and provided you do not revoke the Agreement as permitted in Section 8 below, the Company will provide you with the following benefits and payments:</div>
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    <div><br>
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                    <td style="width: 63pt;">&#160;<font style="text-align: left; text-indent: 30.4pt; margin-left: 23.6pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><font style="font-weight: normal;">A</font>.</font></td>
                    <td style="align: right; vertical-align: top; width: 9pt;"><br>
                    </td>
                    <td style="vertical-align: top;">
                      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Wiley Executive Annual Incentive Plan:</u></font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;">&#160;</font>You will be eligible to receive a FY2021 payment under the Wiley Executive Annual Incentive Plan (&#8220;EAIP&#8221;).&#160; The FY2021 EAIP incentive
                        payment will be based on your personal performance and actual business results in accordance with the EAIP.&#160; You will be notified of the amount of such incentive payment, if any, in July 2021. The terms and conditions of the Plan
                        shall apply to such payment, including that the amount of the payment shall be determined by Wiley in its sole discretion.&#160; For the avoidance of doubt, you will not be entitled to any EAIP or incentive payment for FY2022.</div>
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    <div><br>
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              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 23.6pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#160;B.</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 30.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Equity Awards</u></font>:&#160;

                Per the terms of your employment letter, dated February 5, 2019, the Executive Compensation and Development Committee of the Board of Directors has approved the following:</div>
            </td>
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    </div>
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            <td style="width: 90pt; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: right; margin-left: 54pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8226;</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Executive Long Term Incentive Plan (&#8220;ELTIP&#8221;):&#160; You will be eligible to receive full participation in the performance share units for the FY20-22
                and FY21-23 performance cycles.&#160; Payout for the performance share units will be made based on achievement of financial goals, at the end of those cycles.</div>
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      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" id="ze12a64f791c9468fb84dbbcfbe6e1acc">

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            <td style="width: 18pt;">&#160;</td>
            <td style="width: 72pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: right; margin-left: 54pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8226;</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Accelerated vesting of the restricted share units that would have otherwise vested through April 2023. This vesting will be six months following
                your Separation Date.</div>
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              <td style="width: 100%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">1</font></div>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Your UBS One Source account will remain active following your termination date.&#160; You should ensure that UBS has a personal email address for you by
      contacting the UBS call center at (866) 592-7678, or by signing onto your One Source account at https://www.ubs.com/onesource/jwa.</div>
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                  <tr style="vertical-align: top;">
                    <td style="width: 9pt">&#160;</td>
                    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 45pt;">
                      <div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="text-indent: 30.4pt; margin-left: 23.6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;">C.</font></div>
                    </td>
                    <td style="vertical-align: top;">
                      <div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;">You will not be entitled to any other compensation or benefits not provided in this Agreement.&#160; You understand,
                        acknowledge and agree that the payment of benefits described in this Agreement, including payments and benefits described in Paragraph 3(A) through 3(B) herein, are conditioned upon your execution of this Agreement.&#160; You acknowledge
                        and agrees that the sums and benefits to be provided under the terms of the Agreement are, in significant and substantial part, in addition to those benefits to which Employee is otherwise entitled.&#160; You may revoke this Agreement
                        within seven (7) days after signing it by giving written notice to the Company.&#160; To be effective, this revocation must be received by the close of business on the 7<sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">th</sup> calendar day after you signs the Agreement.&#160; If you
                        revoke this Agreement you understands that you will not receive the benefits that are conditioned upon your execution of the Agreement.&#160; This Agreement will not become effective or enforceable unless and until the seven (7)-day
                        revocation period has expired without you revoking it.</div>
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            <td style="width: 18pt;">&#160;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">4.</font></td>
            <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 18pt;"><br>
            </td>
            <td style="align: left; vertical-align: top; width: auto;">
              <div style="margin-bottom: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Deferred Compensation Plan</u></font>:
                  Under the terms of the Deferred Compensation Plan your termination will be considered Separation of Service due to Retirement.&#160; <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The Deferred Compensation
                    benefit is subject to a six-month delay and your first distribution will be made no less than seven (7) months following your Separation Date and payments will be made according to your plan elections.</font></font></div>
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            <td style="width: 35.6pt; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#160;5.<br>
              </div>
            </td>
            <td style="vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Complete Release and Waiver of Claims:</u></font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">&#160;</font>You are aware of your legal rights concerning your employment with the Company.&#160; In exchange for the promises and payments of the Company
                set forth in paragraph 2, and other consideration as provided herein, to which you otherwise would not be entitled, you agree to irrevocably and unconditionally release (<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">i.e. give up)</font> any and all claims you may now have against the Company and you agree not to sue the Company and any currently or previously-affiliated companies, parent companies, successors or
                predecessors, and their officers, directors, agents and employees (collectively, the &#8220;Releasees&#8221;), arising out of the employment relationship between you and the Company (&#8220;the &#8220;Release&#8217;).</div>
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                      <tr style="vertical-align: top;">
                        <td style="width: 45pt; text-align: right;">&#160;<font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;">A.</font></td>
                        <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 18pt;">
                          <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#160;<br>
                            </font></div>
                        </td>
                        <td style="vertical-align: top; width: auto;">
                          <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"><u>This Release includes </u></font>any and all past and
                            present claims, demands, obligations, actions, causes of action, damages, costs, debts, liabilities, expenses and compensation of any nature whatsoever, whether known or unknown, foreseen or unforeseen, suspected or unsuspected
                            that you as Releasor had, now have or in the future may or could have against Releasees, including but not limited to those arising under any and all applicable laws, in connection with any rights, claims in law or equity for
                            wrongful or abusive discharge, whistleblowing, discriminatory, or retaliatory treatment under any local, state or federal law, including but not limited to, the Family and Medical Leave Act, the Age Discrimination in Employment
                            Act of 1967, (&#8220;ADEA&#8221;), the Civil Rights Acts of 1866, 1964 and 1991, the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, the Older Worker Benefits Protection Act of 1990, the Worker Adjustment Retraining and Notification Act,
                            the Americans with Disabilities Act, the Fair Labor Standards Act, The New Jersey Law Against Discrimination, The New Jersey Conscientious Employee Protection Act California Fair Employment and Housing Act, the New Jersey Wage
                            and Hour Law, Colorado Anti-Discrimination Act, Florida Civil Rights Act, Illinois Human Rights Act, Indiana Civil Rights Law, Massachusetts Fair Employment Practices Law, the New York State Human Rights Law, the New York City
                            Human Rights Law, the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act, the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, the Occupational Safety and Health Act, or any other federal, state, or local statute, law, ordinance, or
                            regulation that may be legally waived; any claims for personal injury, defamation, mental anguish, breach of contract, injury to health and personal reputation and any other claim of any nature whatsoever relating to or in
                            connection with your employment with John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. or its subsidiaries, the termination of your employment, rights, payments and benefits under any employment arrangements, or agreements, any qualified or
                            nonqualified plans, vacation pay, health and other benefits except as otherwise provided you in this Agreement, and excluding any claims by you to enforce your rights under this Agreement. The provisions of any law that provide
                            in substance that a release shall not extend to unknown or unsuspected claims at the time of execution of this release are, to the extent permitted by law, hereby waived.</div>
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              <td style="width: 100%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">2</font></div>
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              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 23.6pt; margin-top: 0.05pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;">B.</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0.05pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Specific Release of Age
                    Discrimination Claims:</u></font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;">&#160;</font>You understand and agree that, among other possible rights or claims herein waived or released by
                you, (i) you are, in particular, waiving rights and claims for age discrimination, including claims under state, federal law, and those based on Age Discrimination in Employment Act (&#8220;ADEA&#8221;) in exchange for the payments and other
                consideration described above that are not otherwise due you: and (ii) you are <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"><u>not</u></font> waiving rights or claims for age discrimination that may arise <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"><u>after</u></font> the effective date of this Agreement.</div>
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    <div style="margin-top: 0.05pt;"><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0.05pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" id="zcd303caa3f194d84b39f43ad7ce6c41c">

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            <td style="width: 41.6pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 23.6pt; margin-top: 0.05pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">C.</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0.05pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;">Nothing in this Release and Agreement shall preclude you from brining a charge or suit to challenge the validity or
                enforceability of this Agreement under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, as amended by the Older Worker&#8217;s Benefit Protection Act.</div>
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    </div>
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                    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 43pt; text-align: right;"><font style="font-size: 12pt;">&#160; D.</font>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; <br>
                    </td>
                    <td style="align: left; vertical-align: top; width: auto;">
                      <div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;">You acknowledge and agree that by virtue of the foregoing, you have waived any relief available for yourself
                        (including without limitation, monetary damages, equitable relief and reinstatement) under any of the claims and/or causes of action waived in this Agreement. Therefore, you agree that you will not accept any award or settlement
                        from any source or proceeding (including but not limited to any proceeding brought by any other person or by any government agency) with respect to any claim or right waived in this Agreement.</div>
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    </div>
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              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 23.6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">E.</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Nothing in this Agreement shall be a waiver of: (i) any claim for failure to provide vested benefits under an employee
                benefit plan sponsored by Company, to which you are legally entitled, if any; (ii) claims for enforcement of this Agreement; (iii) claims that may arise after the Effective Date of this Agreement; or (iv) any claims that cannot be waived by
                law; or (v) your right to file a charge with or participate in or provide information in connection with any investigation or proceeding conducted by the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
                or other government agency or self-regulatory body, subject to the limitations in sub-paragraph (D) above.</div>
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              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 23.6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">F.</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Covenant Not To Sue
                    Company</u></font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">.&#160; </font>You shall not file any suit, claim or complaint in a court of law against Releasees arising out of, or relating
                to, your employment with Company, or employment decisions made by Company.&#160; Employee and Company acknowledge and agree that this covenant not to file any suit, claim or complaint is an essential and material part of this Agreement and that
                without its inclusion, this Agreement would not have been reached by the parties.</div>
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              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 5.6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">6.</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Acknowledgements:</u></font>&#160;
                You acknowledge that you have received all leave (paid or unpaid), compensation, wages, bonuses, commissions, and/or benefits to which you may be entitled as of the Effective Date of this Agreement and that no other leave (paid or unpaid),
                compensation, wages, bonuses, commissions and/or benefits are due to you, except as provided in this Agreement.&#160; You furthermore affirm that you have no known workplace injuries or occupational diseases.&#160; Employee and Company expressly
                consent that this Agreement shall be given full force and effect according to each and all of its terms and provisions.</div>
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              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 5.6pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">7.</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u>Obligations</u></div>
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              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 23.6pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">A.</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;"><u>Confidentiality:</u></div>
            </td>
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    <div style="margin-top: 0.1pt;"><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 4.5pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" id="zd181f61ad58a43168cbd995437d40cec">

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              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 77.75pt; margin-top: 4.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8226;</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 4.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">This Agreement to be Kept
                  Confidential</font>: You understand that this Agreement is unique to you and that you shall keep the facts, terms and existence of this Agreement confidential and you will not disclose them to any third parties. You may disclose the terms
                of this Agreement to your personal attorney and a financial advisor, and with your immediate family members as necessary or as otherwise required by law. This Section does not in any way restrict or impede you from exercising protected
                rights to the extent that such rights cannot be waived by agreement or from complying with any applicable law or regulation or a valid order of a court of competent jurisdiction or authorized government agency, provided that such compliance
                does not exceed that required by the law, regulation or order. You shall promptly provide written notice of any such order to the Company&#8217;s legal department at <font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">legal@wiley.com</font>.</div>
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    <div><br>
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            <td style="width: 95.75pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 77.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">&#8226;</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Continuing Confidentiality Obligation: </u></font>You

                acknowledge that during the course of employment with the Company, you were privy to certain confidential information which was communicated to you verbally or in writing, relating to the Company, its businesses, its customers, trade
                secrets, know-how, inventions, techniques, processes, algorithms, software programs, hardware designs, schematics, designs, contracts, customer lists, financial information, sales and marketing plans, business plans and information,
                products, current and potential business partners, customers or other third parties (collectively, &#8220;Third Parties&#8221;), or other information which is not known to the public, and which may include material developed by you in the course of
                your employment. You acknowledge that all such information is and shall be deemed to be &#8220;Confidential Information&#8221; belonging to the Company or Third Parties. You agree to protect such Confidential Information from disclosure with the same
                degree of care that you normally use to protect your own confidential information, but not less than reasonable care, shall not divulge any such Confidential Information to anyone and shall not make use of the same without prior written
                consent of the Company. All Confidential Information is and shall remain the property of the Company (or the applicable Third Party), and you shall not acquire any rights therein.</div>
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    <div style="margin-top: 0.05pt;"><br>
    </div>
    <div style="margin-top: 4.5pt;"><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 4.5pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" id="za2e2a0c056b94eabb2c256a45578468f">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 41.6pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 23.6pt; margin-top: 4.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;">B.</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 4.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Non-Competition
                    and Non- Solicitation:</u></font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;">&#160;</font> In consideration of the payments set forth in paragraph 3, other consideration as provided
                herein and other good and valuable consideration, to which you otherwise would not be entitled, you again represent and agree that you will comply with the following terms and conditions:</div>
            </td>
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    <div style="margin-bottom: 12pt;"><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 72pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">For a period of one year from September 30, 2021, you agree that you shall not directly or indirectly render
      services in a role or position with duties and responsibilities similar to the position currently held with Wiley for any company or individual that competes with Wiley without first notifying and obtaining consent from Wiley&#8217;s General Counsel, which
      shall not be unduly withheld; provided, however, that it shall not be a violation hereof for you to own and manage the interests held by you prior to your employment with Wiley as separately previously disclosed to Wiley or to have beneficial
      ownership of less than 1% of the outstanding amount of any class of securities listed on a national or foreign securities exchange or an inter-dealer quotation system; and</div>
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      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">4</font></div>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 72pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">For a period of one year from September 30, 2021, you agree that you shall not directly, or indirectly through
      another entity, (i) induce or attempt to induce any employee of Wiley or any affiliate to leave the employ of Wiley or such affiliate, or in any way interfere with the relationship between Wiley or any affiliate and any employee thereof; (ii) hire
      any person who was an employee of Wiley or any affiliate at any time during your employment with Wiley; or (iii) induce or attempt to induce any customer, supplier, licensee, licensor, franchisee or other business relation of Wiley or any affiliate
      to cease doing business with Wiley or such affiliate, or in any way interfere with the relationship between any such customer, supplier, licensee, licensor, franchisee or business relation and Wiley or any affiliate (including, without limitation,
      making any negative statements or communications about Wiley or its affiliates).</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">The provisions of this paragraph (7) shall survive termination or expiration of this Agreement.</div>
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    </div>
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      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" id="z62c0e5ee26f041b9a02059042e021b28">

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            <td style="width: 23.6pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 5.6pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">8.</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Acknowledgment of Receipt of
                    Agreement/Revocation:</u></font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">&#160;</font>You acknowledge receiving this Agreement on the date indicated above, and that you have twenty-one
                (21) days from that date to consider the terms of this Agreement.&#160; You understand that if you do not sign this agreement by the end of the twenty-one (21) day period it will become null and void. You further acknowledge that: (a) you took
                advantage of this period to consider this Agreement before signing it; (b) you have carefully read this Agreement, and each of its provisions; (c) if you initially did not think any representation you are making in this Agreement were true,
                or if you initially were uncomfortable making it, you resolved all of your doubts and concerns before signing this Agreement; (d) you fully understands what the Agreement, and each of its provisions, means; and (e) you are entering into the
                Agreement, and each of its provisions, knowingly and voluntarily.&#160; This Agreement is revocable by you for seven (7) days after it is signed by you. This Agreement shall not be effective or enforceable until the period for revocation has
                expired. If revoked, such notice of revocation shall be submitted by you, in writing, to me no later than the close of business on the seventh (7<sup style="vertical-align: text-top; line-height: 1; font-size: smaller;">th</sup>) day following the date you originally sign this Agreement.</div>
            </td>
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    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" id="z116d991d727c4274833030912b82daad">

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            <td style="width: 22.5pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 5.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">9.</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Taxes:</u></font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">&#160;</font>All withholding taxes and other payroll taxes will be deducted from all payments due you under this Agreement. Any and all taxes that may be due by you as a result
                of payments made to you hereunder shall be your responsibility.</div>
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    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;" id="ze4cf20fdceb54ccc80dbe24fe0462f7e" class="DSPFListTable">

          <tr style="vertical-align: top;">
            <td style="width: 9pt">&#160;<font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">10.</font></td>
            <td style="align: right; vertical-align: top; width: 9pt;"><br>
            </td>
            <td style="vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="margin-bottom: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Section 409A</u></font>: To the
                  extent that You otherwise would be entitled to any payment (whether pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise) during the six months beginning June 30, 2021, that would be subject to the additional tax imposed under Section 409A of the
                  Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code&#8221;), (x) the payment shall not be made to You during such six month period and instead shall be made to a trust in compliance with Revenue Procedure 92-64 (the &#8220;Rabbi Trust&#8221;) and (y) the
                  payment, together with any investment earnings realized by the Rabbi Trust, shall be paid to you on the earlier of July 31, 2020 or Your death or &#8220;Disability&#8221; (as defined in Section 409A(2)(C) of the Code).&#160; Similarly, to the extent that
                  You otherwise would be entitled to any benefit (other than a payment) during the six months beginning on June 30, 2021, that would be subject to additional tax under Section 409A of the Code, the benefit shall be delayed and shall begin
                  being provided (together, if applicable, with an adjustment to compensate You) on the earlier of June 30, 2021, or Your Death or Disability.</font></div>
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    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <div>
        <div>
          <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;" id="ze0249ed6000646f3a0a6f64288afed54" class="DSPFListTable">

              <tr style="vertical-align: top;">
                <td style="width: 9pt">&#160;<font style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;">11.</font></td>
                <td style="align: right; vertical-align: top; width: 9pt;"><br>
                </td>
                <td style="align: left; vertical-align: top; width: auto;">
                  <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Return of Company Property:</u></font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;">&#160;</font>You are responsible for returning all property belonging to the Company by your last day worked, except that you shall be entitled to
                    retain your Company issued laptop and cell phone provided: (i) you permit the Company to wipe both devices of Confidential Company data and information; and (ii) you are solely responsible for any license and/or usage fees.</div>
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    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div id="DSPFPageBreakArea" style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
      <div id="DSPFPageFooter">
        <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="ze6e45590da7a47a8a5051f85c7ad7ae9" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

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              <td style="width: 100%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
            </tr>

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        </div>
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      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">5</font></div>
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      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0.05pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" id="z770c9a407d7342229f608264236fbe3c">

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            <td style="width: 40.5pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 22.5pt; margin-top: 0.05pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">12.</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; margin-top: 0.05pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt; margin-left: 9pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>References:</u></font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;">&#160;</font>It is agreed that with respect to inquiries or requests for references by past, present or prospective
                employers, the Company will provide dates of employment, title and salary.</div>
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    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" id="zb97480fc6f7346158aa68a5d98fce217">

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            <td style="width: 41.55pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 23.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">13.</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Unemployment Benefits:</u></font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;">&#160;</font>You may apply for unemployment benefits. The decision to grant compensation is determined by the unemployment office.</div>
            </td>
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    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" id="zbbbb9c098baf4056bf1ea9ad81cad1dd">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 41.55pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 23.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">14.</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Entire Agreement:</u></font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;">&#160;</font>This Agreement sets forth your full and complete rights, payments and benefits and represents the entire agreement between the parties,
                superseding all other agreements and commitments whether oral or written. You acknowledge that you are not relying upon any representations or statements, written or oral, made by or on behalf of the Company not set forth herein.</div>
            </td>
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    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" id="z76dd5848cc304d00a0fb43a0c9591e9e">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 41.55pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 23.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">15.</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Applicable Law:</u></font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;">&#160;</font>This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with New York law without regard to such State&#8217;s conflict of law rules. Any dispute arising from or related to
                this Agreement shall be brought exclusively before the courts located in the State and County of New York.</div>
            </td>
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    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" id="z4fda94d5289b4658b8888047bbc2d416">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 41.55pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 23.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">16.</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Non-Admission:</u></font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;">&#160;</font>Nothing in this Agreement is intended to be nor shall be deemed to be an admission of liability by any party, or an admission of the existence of any facts upon
                which liability could be based.</div>
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    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div>
      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 4.5pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" id="ze0b1ebc5ba164e548e84a3e972041f50">

          <tr>
            <td style="width: 41.55pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;">
              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 23.55pt; margin-top: 4.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">17.</div>
            </td>
            <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 4.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Your Right to Consult with an
                    Attorney:</u></font><font style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;">&#160;</font>You acknowledge that you have been advised of your right to consult with an attorney prior to signing this
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            <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</div>
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          <td style="width: 45%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 12pt;">/s/ Matthew Kissner<br>
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            <div style="text-align: justify; font-size: 12pt;"><font style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">By: /s/ Danielle McMahan&#160; </font><font style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; width: 152.35pt;" id="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab"><br>
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            <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Danielle McMahan</div>
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          <td style="width: 45%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 12pt;">June 11, 2021<br>
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          <td style="width: 45%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 12pt;">June 11, 2021<br>
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            <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Date</div>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-10.2
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>exhibit10_2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>TRANSITION AND CONSULTING AGREEMENT, DATED JUNE 15, 2021
<TEXT>
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    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><u>Transition and Consulting Agreement</u></div>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 3pt; margin-bottom: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Effective as of July 1, 2021<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">&#160;</font>(the &#8220;Effective Date&#8221;), John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. (&#8220;Wiley&#8221;) and The Kissner Group LLC (&#8220;Kissner&#8221; or &#8220;you&#8221;) have agreed to enter into this Transition and Consulting Agreement (&#8220;Transition Agreement&#8221;), setting
      forth the terms and conditions under which Kissner shall provide certain post-employment transition and consulting services that are described below (the &#8220;Services&#8221;).</div>
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    <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">1.</font><font style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt" id="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Transition Period</u></font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><u>: </u></font>&#160; Effective June 30, 2021, Kissner&#8217;s prior employment with Wiley as Group Executive Vice President terminated.&#160; Kissner will provide consulting and transition services to Wiley, on an as-needed basis, beginning no earlier
        than July 1, 2021 and continuing through September 30, 2021 (&#8220;Consulting Period&#8221;). The parties further agree that by mutual written agreement they may choose to extend the Consulting Period for consecutive thirty (30) day periods.&#160; Such
        agreement(s) shall be entered into no later than thirty (30) days from the expiration of the current expiration date of the Consulting Period.&#160; Acknowledgement of this agreement may be provided and communicated by email or other writing.&#160;&#160; During
        the Consulting Period, Kissner will make himself available to provide consulting services within his area of expertise and, as requested by Wiley.&#160; Such Services will consist of providing services or briefing information regarding any matters for
        which Kissner had responsibility during his employment.&#160; Kissner shall exercise the highest degree of professionalism and utilize his expertise and creative talents in performing the Services. In connection with the provision of the Services,
        Kissner will be provided with support from a Wiley Executive Assistant.</font></div>
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    <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">2.</font><font style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt" id="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Independent Contractor Status</u></font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">.</font>&#160; During the Consulting Period, Kissner agrees and understands that his status will be that of an independent contractor and not an employee. Kissner shall have no authority to bind Wiley to any
        contractual obligations, whether written, oral or implied. No payments under this agreement shall be deemed to be compensation or salary to you and Kissner acknowledges and understands that during the Consulting Period, he will not be entitled to
        any of the benefits offered by Wiley to its employees, such as group insurance, workers compensation insurance coverage or retirement benefits, other than those set forth in this Agreement, the Separation Agreement and Release Agreement or
        otherwise provided by law.&#160;&#160; As an independent contractor, Kissner is solely liable for payments of any applicable income taxes and Wiley will not withhold any amounts from Kissner&#8217;s fee for this purpose.&#160; Kissner agrees not to hold himself out as,
        or give any person reason to believe, that he is an employee, agent, or partner of Wiley.</font></div>
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    <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">3.</font><font style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt" id="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Fee and Schedule</u></font>. In consideration for the Services set forth above, Wiley agrees to pay
        Kissner, <font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">on a retainer basis, the amount of $20,000, on or about the first day of each month from&#160;July 1, 2021 through September 30, 2021.&#160; This retainer payment&#160;is
          intended to pay for 3 months of&#160;Kissner&#8217;s&#160;transition and consulting Services</font>. The parties do not intend that Kissner will work more than one (1) 8-hour day per week.&#160; In the event the Company requires and requests Kissner&#8217;s services more
        than one (1) 8-hour day per week, Kissner will invoice Wiley for those additional services at the rate of $5,000 per 8-hour day. The parties likewise do not intend that Kissner will work more than twenty percent (20%) of the average time that he
        worked over the 36 month period ending on June 30, 2021 and, accordingly, it is intended that he has a &#8220;separation from service&#8221; for purposes of Internal Revenue Code Section 409A. Kissner acknowledges and agrees that he will receive an IRS Form
        1099-Misc from Wiley and shall be solely responsible for all federal, state and local taxes.</font></div>
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    <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">4.</font><font style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt" id="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Expenses.</u></font>&#160; In addition to the retainer specified in Paragraph 3, Kissner will be provided <font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">with </font>reimbursement for any reasonable expenses, connected with his consulting services, for such items as meals, tolls, travel expenses and hotel charges.&#160; Payment for
        such expenses will be made based upon itemized expense records and supporting receipts (for expenses exceeding $25.00 each) submitted by Kissner to Wiley and will be promptly paid, but in any event no later than the end of the calendar year
        following the calendar year in which the expense was incurred.</font></div>
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    <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">5.</font><font style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt" id="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Other Employment.</u></font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160; Du</font>ring&#160; the Consulting Period Kissner will be free to pursue other employment or consulting engagements with third parties and/or render services to others, whether or not such services are performed in a consulting capacity,
        provided that Kissner does not compete with Wiley (as that term is defined in paragraph 7(B) of Kissner&#8217;s Separation and Release Agreement) or provide such services which may interfere with or create a possible conflict of interest with respect to
        timely completion of the services to Wiley that are provided for by this Agreement. Nothing contained herein relieves Kissner of his obligations set out in Paragraph 7(B) of the Separation Agreement and General Release between Kissner and Wiley.</font></div>
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    <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">6.</font><font style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt" id="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Intellectual Property</u></font>. Kissner agrees that all materials, including but not limited to
        writings, documents, summaries or other matters provided, created or written by him or by Wiley in the course of performing the Services hereunder, shall be and remain the sole and exclusive property of Wiley and considered a work made for hire on
        behalf of Wiley and Wiley shall own the copyright and all the rights comprised in the copyright for the Materials.&#160; To the extent the materials do not qualify as a work made for hire, Kissner hereby conveys, transfers and assigns to Wiley all
        right, title and interest (including copyright) in and to the materials including the right, by itself or with others, throughout the universe, to print, publish, republish, transmit and distribute the materials and to prepare, publish, transmit
        and distribute derivative works based on the Materials, in all languages and in all media of expression now known or later developed, and to license or permit others to do so. Wiley shall have the right to make alterations to the Materials. In the
        event Wiley has approved Kissner&#8217;s use of subcontractors in the creation of the Materials, Kissner shall obtain a transfer of rights equivalent to the rights granted in this agreement from each subcontractor on Wiley&#8217;s behalf.</font></div>
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    <div><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">7.</font><font style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 36pt" id="TRGRRTFtoHTMLTab">&#160;</font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><a name="z_Hlk23170949"></a><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Confidentiality, Data Privacy and Information Security</u></font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">.</font></font></div>
    <div><br>
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              <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(a)</div>
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              <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;">Confidentiality.</font> Kissner
                agrees that during the Consulting Period and thereafter, he shall regard as confidential and proprietary all of the information communicated to him by Wiley or its affiliates in connection with his performance of Services under this
                Agreement (which information shall at all times be the property of Wiley or its affiliates) or information developed by him in the course of performing the Services. Kissner shall use the Confidential Information solely as necessary to
                perform the Services and shall not use any Confidential Information for his own benefit or the benefit of any third party or in such a way as to obtain commercial advantage over Wiley. Kissner shall use reasonable efforts to protect the
                Confidential Information from disclosure including keeping any electronic copies of the Confidential Information (including the Materials) on a password protected computer and not storing it on any network. Upon conclusion of the Services
                or upon Wiley&#8217;s request, you shall return or destroy all Confidential Information (and shall provide a certificate of destruction upon Wiley&#8217;s request).</div>
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              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 9pt;"><a name="z_Hlk2154782"></a><a name="z_Hlk504658635"></a><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;"><u>Data Privacy</u></font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-weight: bold;">.</font>&#160;</div>
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              <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 13.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In performing the Services under this agreement, Kissner represents and warrants that it will observe and comply with all
                applicable current and future (1) data privacy laws and (2) security laws. Kissner shall (i) process personal data in accordance with Wiley&#8217;s instructions and only to fulfill Kissner&#8217;s obligations under this agreement; (ii) ensure persons
                authorized to process personal data have committed themselves to confidentiality or are under an appropriate statutory obligation of confidentiality; and (iii) maintain effective information security measures to protect personal data from
                unauthorized disclosure or use.</div>
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      <div id="DSPFPageNumberArea" style="text-align: center;"><font id="DSPFPageNumber" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">2</font></div>
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        minimum amount of work or payment to the Kissner over and above the aforementioned $20,000 monthly fee and that Wiley may engage other individuals or companies to provide similar services.</font></div>
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</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>jwa-20210611_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABEL LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="us-ascii"?>
<!--Generated by EDGARfilings PROfile 7.0.0.0 Broadridge-->
<link:linkbase xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance">
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl">Entity Address, Address Line Three</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="AmendmentFlag" xlink:title="AmendmentFlag" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="CityAreaCode" xlink:title="CityAreaCode" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:title="EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="EntityAddressCountry" xlink:title="EntityAddressCountry" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl">Document Period End Date</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:title="EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:title="EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:title="EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>jwa-20210611_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
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      contextRef="c20210611to20210611"
      id="Fact_972981772ad44df28b3a3f319474dd1e">2021-06-11</dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate>
    <dei:EntityRegistrantName
      contextRef="c20210611to20210611"
      id="Fact_fb9c312964a34e9c81285db23e39c155">JOHN WILEY &amp; SONS, INC.</dei:EntityRegistrantName>
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      contextRef="c20210611to20210611"
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      contextRef="c20210611to20210611"
      id="Fact_6a9cd88a91d84059967b3ac167e0289d">Hoboken</dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown>
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      contextRef="c20210611to20210611"
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      id="Fact_78825ad00d5e4968a186026c831fc9ff">false</dei:SolicitingMaterial>
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      contextRef="c20210611to20210611"
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      contextRef="c20210611to20210611_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember"
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    <dei:TradingSymbol
      contextRef="c20210611to20210611_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember"
      id="Fact_753bbaa1c0344fd1a3031d7a4b6bdd15">JW.A</dei:TradingSymbol>
    <dei:SecurityExchangeName
      contextRef="c20210611to20210611_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember"
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      contextRef="c20210611to20210611_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember"
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    <dei:TradingSymbol
      contextRef="c20210611to20210611_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember"
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    <dei:SecurityExchangeName
      contextRef="c20210611to20210611_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember"
      id="Fact_c76808662da64398ad7a1fcd293fdbae">NYSE</dei:SecurityExchangeName>
    <dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany
      contextRef="c20210611to20210611"
      id="Fact_5c09da799de0463c84665685ad801ce7">false</dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>10
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.21.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140608162750856">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 11, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityListingsLineItems', window );"><strong>Entity Listings [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jun. 11,  2021<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">NY<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-11507<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">13-5593032<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">111 River Street<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Hoboken<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">NJ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">07030<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">201<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">748-6000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000107140<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Common Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityListingsLineItems', window );"><strong>Entity Listings [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Class A Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">JW.A<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NYSE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityListingsLineItems', window );"><strong>Entity Listings [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Class B Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">JW.B<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NYSE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The end date of the period reflected on the cover page if a periodic report. For all other reports and registration statements containing historical data, it is the date up through which that historical data is presented.  If there is no historical data in the report, use the filing date. The format of the date is CCYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityListingsLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityListingsLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
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<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
