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Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers (Policies)
 3 Months Ended
Jul. 31, 2022
Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers [Abstract]  
Revenue from Contract with Customer
Research

Research customers include academic, corporate, government, and public libraries, funders of research, researchers, scientists, clinicians, engineers and technologists, scholarly and professional societies, and students and professors. Research products are sold and distributed globally through multiple channels, including research libraries and library consortia, independent subscription agents, direct sales to professional society members, and other customers. Publishing centers include Australia, China, Germany, India, the United Kingdom (UK), and the United States (US). The majority of revenue generated from Research products is recognized over time. Total Research revenue was $274.9 million in the three months ended July 31, 2022.

We disaggregated revenue by Research Publishing and Research Solutions to reflect the different type of products and services provided.

Research Publishing Products

Research Publishing products provide scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly journals, as well as related content and services to academic, corporate, and government libraries, learned societies, and individual researchers and other professionals. Research Publishing revenue was $239.5 million in the three months ended July 31, 2022 and the majority is recognized over time.

Research Publishing products generate approximately 87% of its revenue from contracts with its customers from Journal Subscriptions (pay to read), Open Access (pay to publish) and Transformational Agreements (read and publish) and the remainder from Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles, and Other.

Research Solutions Products and Services

Research Solutions services include Atypon Systems, Inc (Atypon) a publishing software and service provider that enables scholarly and professional societies and publishers to deliver, host, enhance, market, and manage their content on the web through the Literatum platform. In addition, Research Solutions includes advertising, spectroscopy software and spectral databases, and job board software and career center services, which includes the products and services from the recent acquisitions of Madgex and Informatics. As well as product and service offerings related to recent acquisitions such as J&J Editorial Services, LLC. (J&J) and the eJournalPress (EJP) business. J&J is a publishing services company providing expert offerings in editorial operations, production, copyediting, system support and consulting. EJP is a technology platform company with an established journal submission and peer-review management system. Research Solutions revenue was $35.4 million in the three months ended July 31, 2022 and the majority is recognized over time.

Academic & Professional Learning

Academic & Professional Learning provides Education Publishing and Professional Learning products and services including scientific, professional, and education print and digital books, digital courseware, and test preparation services to libraries, corporations, students, professionals, and researchers, as well as learning, development, and assessment services for businesses and professionals. Communities served include business, finance, accounting, workplace learning, management, leadership, technology, behavioral health, engineering/architecture, science and medicine, and education. Products are developed for worldwide distribution through multiple channels, including chain and online booksellers, libraries, colleges and universities, corporations, direct to consumer, web sites, distributor networks and other online applications. Publishing centers include Australia, Germany, India, the UK, and the US. Total Academic & Professional Learning revenue was $133.0 million in the three months ended July 31, 2022.

We disaggregated revenue by type of products provided. Academic & Professional Learning products are Education Publishing and Professional Learning. Academic & Professional Learning revenues are mainly recognized at a point in time.

Education Publishing Products

Education Publishing products revenue was $63.1 million in the three months ended July 31, 2022. Education Publishing products generate approximately 74% of its revenue from contracts with its customers from Education (print and digital) Publishing, which is recognized at a point in time, and 7% from Digital Courseware which is recognized over time. The remainder of its revenues were from Test Preparation and Certification, and Licensing and Other, which has a mix of revenue recognized at a point in time and over time.

Professional Learning Products

Professional Learning products revenue was $69.9 million in the three months ended July 31, 2022. Professional Learning (print and digital) products generate approximately 59% of revenue from contracts with its customers from Professional Publishing, and Licensing and Other, and both are mainly recognized at a point in time. Approximately 41% of Professional Learning products revenue is from contracts with its customers from Corporate Training and Corporate Learning, which is recognized mainly over time.


Education Services

Education Services revenue was $79.7 million in the three months ended July 31, 2022 and the majority is recognized over time. We disaggregated revenue by type of services provided, which are University Services and Talent Development Services.

University Services

University Services revenue was $47.8 million in the three months ended July 31, 2022 and is mainly recognized over time. University Services primarily engages in the comprehensive management of online degree programs for universities and has grown to include a broad array of technology enabled service offerings that address our partner specific pain points. Increasingly, this includes delivering career credentialing education that advances specific careers with in-demand skills.

Talent Development Services

Talent Development Services revenue was $31.9 million in the three months ended July 31, 2022 and is recognized at the point in time the services are provided to its customers. Talent Development Services is a talent placement provider that finds, trains and places job-ready technology talent in roles with leading corporations worldwide.

Accounts Receivable, net and Contract Liability Balances

When consideration is received, or such consideration is unconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services to the customer under the terms of a contract, a contract liability is recorded. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue when, or as, control of the products or services are transferred to the customer and all revenue recognition criteria have been met.