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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - UNAUDITED - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | 6 Months Ended
--- | --- | ---
Oct. 31, 2024 | Oct. 31, 2023 | Oct. 31, 2024 | Oct. 31, 2023
Operating activities |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) | $ 40,458 | $ (19,445) | $ 39,022 | $ (111,709)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash used in operating activities: |  |  |  |
Impairment of goodwill | 0 | 0 | 0 | 26,695
Net (gain) loss on sale of businesses, assets, and impairment charges related to assets held-for-sale | (369) | 51,414 | (6,170) | 127,343
Amortization of intangible assets | 12,944 | 13,565 | 25,871 | 29,213
Amortization of product development assets |  |  | 8,622 | 12,937
Depreciation and amortization of technology, property and equipment |  |  | 39,478 | 41,752
Restructuring and related charges | 3,627 | 25,102 | 7,497 | 37,225
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | 12,002 | 12,801
Employee retirement plan expense |  |  | 16,901 | 17,590
Net foreign exchange transaction losses | 3,328 | 2,357 | 3,094 | 3,977
Other noncash charges (credits) |  |  | 5,570 | (39,895)
Net change in operating assets and liabilities |  |  | (245,879) | (241,415)
Net cash used in operating activities |  |  | (93,992) | (83,486)
Investing activities |  |  |  |
Product development spending |  |  | (7,127) | (8,168)
Additions to technology, property and equipment |  |  | (29,030) | (40,321)
Businesses acquired in purchase transactions, net of cash acquired |  |  | (915) | (1,500)
Net cash (transferred) proceeds related to the sale of businesses and assets |  |  | (8,117) |
Net cash (transferred) proceeds related to the sale of businesses and assets |  |  |  | 1,025
Acquisitions of publication rights and other |  |  | 700 | (2,953)
Net cash used in investing activities |  |  | (44,489) | (51,917)
Financing activities |  |  |  |
Repayments of long-term debt |  |  | (621,801) | (381,640)
Borrowings of long-term debt |  |  | 805,867 | 579,871
Purchases of treasury shares |  |  | (25,421) | (22,500)
Change in book overdrafts |  |  | (3,329) | (2,733)
Cash dividends |  |  | (38,264) | (38,691)
Impact of tax withholding on stock-based compensation and other |  |  | (3,969) | (4,605)
Net cash provided by financing activities |  |  | 113,083 | 129,702
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash |  |  | 1,441 | (1,943)
Cash reconciliation: |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  |  | 99,441 | 106,714
Restricted cash included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets |  |  | 102 | 548
Balance at beginning of period |  |  | 99,543 | 107,262
Decrease for the period |  |  | (23,957) | (7,644)
Cash and cash equivalents | 75,536 | 99,515 | 75,536 | 99,515
Restricted cash included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 50 | 103 | 50 | 103
Balance at end of period | $ 75,586 | $ 99,618 | 75,586 | 99,618
Cash paid during the period for: |  |  |  |
Interest |  |  | 26,305 | 22,933
Income taxes, net of refunds |  |  | $ 29,082 | $ 26,423

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