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Segment Information
 6 Months Ended
Oct. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Information Segment Information
We report our segment information in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 280, “Segment Reporting.” These segments reflect the way our chief operating decision maker (CODM) evaluates our business performance, manages the operations, makes operating decisions, and allocates resources. The performance metric used by our chief operating decision maker to evaluate performance of our reportable segments is Adjusted Operating Income. Our segment reporting structure consists of three operating and reportable segments, which are listed below, as well as a Corporate expense category, which includes certain costs that are not allocated to the reportable segments:
•Research
•Learning
•Held for Sale or Sold

Segment information is as follows:

Three Months Ended
October 31, 		Six Months Ended
October 31,
2024202320242023
Revenue:
Research$261,885 $257,670 $527,194 $515,474 
Learning161,514 148,940 285,828 258,260 
Held for Sale or Sold
3,196 86,198 17,382 170,087 
Total revenue$426,595 $492,808 $830,404 $943,821 
  
Adjusted Operating Income (Loss):  
Research$59,527 $58,856 $114,743 $112,383 
Learning55,871 39,912 78,371 47,538 
Held for Sale or Sold
(1,059)19,100 (3,578)22,184 
Total adjusted operating income by segment$114,339 $117,868 $189,536 $182,105 
Depreciation and Amortization:
Research$22,522 $22,668 $45,081 $45,880 
Learning10,897 13,974 22,191 27,526 
Held for Sale or Sold (1)
— — — 3,437 
Total depreciation and amortization33,419 36,642 67,272 76,843 
Corporate depreciation and amortization3,299 3,532 6,699 7,059 
Total depreciation and amortization$36,718 $40,174 $73,971 $83,902 
(1)
We ceased to record depreciation and amortization of long-lived assets for these businesses as of the date the assets were classified as held-for-sale.
The following table shows a reconciliation of our Adjusted Operating Income by Segment to Income (Loss) Before Taxes:
Three Months Ended
October 31, 		Six Months Ended
October 31,
2024202320242023
Adjusted Operating Income by Segment$114,339 $117,868 $189,536 $182,105 
Adjustments:
Corporate expenses(1)
(46,579)(46,521)(88,933)(88,295)
Impairment of goodwill(2)
— — — (26,695)
Restructuring and related charges(2)
(3,627)(25,102)(7,497)(37,225)
Interest expense(14,463)(12,937)(27,250)(24,271)
Net foreign exchange transaction losses(3,328)(2,357)(3,094)(3,977)
Net gain (loss) on sale of businesses, assets, and impairment charges related to assets held-for-sale369 (51,414)6,170 (127,343)
Other income (expense), net2,226 (1,567)3,008 (3,052)
Income (Loss) Before Taxes$48,937 $(22,030)$71,940 $(128,753)
(1)
Corporate expenses includes certain costs that are not allocated to the reportable segments.
(2)
See Note 9, “Restructuring and Related Charges” and Note 12, “Goodwill and Intangible Assets” for these charges by segment.
See Note 4, “Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers,” for revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type for the three and six months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023.