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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended December 28, 2019
OR

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to .
Commission File No. 0-121
KULICKE AND SOFFA INDUSTRIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Pennsylvania | 23-1498399
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation) | (IRS Employer
| Identification No.)

23A Serangoon North Avenue 5, #01-01 K&S Corporate Headquarters, Singapore 554369
(Address of principal executive offices and Zip Code)
(215) 784-6000
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, Without Par Value | KLIC | The Nasdaq Global Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, and emerging growth company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐
Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ☐
Emerging growth company | ☐ |  |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
As of January 27, 2020, there were 63,824,365 shares of the Registrant's Common Stock, no par value, outstanding.

Table of Contents
KULICKE AND SOFFA INDUSTRIES, INC.
FORM 10 – Q
December 28, 2019
Index

|  | Page Number
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited) |
| Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets as of December 28, 2019 and September 28, 2019 | 1
| Consolidated Condensed Statements of Operations for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018 | 2
| Consolidated Condensed Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018 | 3
| Consolidated Condensed Statements of Shareholders' Equity for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018 | 4
| Consolidated Condensed Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018 | 5
| Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements | 6
Item 2. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS | 26
Item 3. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK | 35
Item 4. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES | 36
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1A. | RISK FACTORS | 37
Item 2. | UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES | 37
Item 6. | EXHIBITS | 38
| SIGNATURES | 39

Table of Contents
PART I. - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. – FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
KULICKE AND SOFFA INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)
(in thousands)

| As of
| December 28, 2019 |  | September 28, 2019
ASSETS |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 497,374 |  |  | $ | 364,184 |
Short-term investments | 119,000 |  |  | 229,000 |
Accounts and other receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $614 and $597, respectively | 198,842 |  |  | 195,830 |
Inventories, net | 95,209 |  |  | 89,308 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 16,182 |  |  | 15,429 |
Total current assets | 926,607 |  |  | 893,751 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | 56,826 |  |  | 72,370 |
Operating right-of-use assets | 20,830 |  |  | — |
Goodwill | 55,995 |  |  | 55,691 |
Intangible assets, net | 41,728 |  |  | 42,651 |
Deferred tax assets | 6,549 |  |  | 6,409 |
Equity investments | 7,477 |  |  | 6,250 |
Other assets | 2,070 |  |  | 2,494 |
TOTAL ASSETS | $ | 1,118,082 |  |  | $ | 1,079,616 |
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |  |
Short term debt | $ | 75,967 |  |  | $ | 60,904 |
Accounts payable | 44,903 |  |  | 36,711 |
Operating lease liabilities | 5,427 |  |  | — |
Income tax payable | 13,384 |  |  | 12,494 |
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | 62,522 |  |  | 64,533 |
Total current liabilities | 202,203 |  |  | 174,642 |
Financing obligation | — |  |  | 14,207 |
Deferred tax liabilities | 33,169 |  |  | 32,054 |
Income tax payable | 80,415 |  |  | 80,290 |
Operating lease liabilities | 17,205 |  |  | — |
Other liabilities | 9,437 |  |  | 9,360 |
TOTAL LIABILITIES | $ | 342,429 |  |  | $ | 310,553 |
Commitments and contingent liabilities (Note 15) |  |  |  |  |
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY: |  |  |  |  |
Preferred stock, without par value: Authorized 5,000 shares; issued - none | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Common stock, no par value: Authorized 200,000 shares; issued 85,364 and 85,364, respectively; outstanding 63,758 and 63,172 shares, respectively | 529,487 |  |  | 533,590 |
Treasury stock, at cost, 21,606 and 22,192 shares, respectively | (346,869 | ) |  | (349,212 | )
Retained earnings | 599,682 |  |  | 594,625 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (6,647 | ) |  | (9,940 | )
TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY | $ | 775,653 |  |  | $ | 769,063 |
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY | $ | 1,118,082 |  |  | $ | 1,079,616 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated condensed financial statements.
1

Table of Contents
KULICKE AND SOFFA INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)
(in thousands, except per share data)

|  | Three months ended
|  | December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018
Net revenue |  | $ | 144,297 |  |  | $ | 157,208 |
Cost of sales |  | 73,933 |  |  | 82,409 |
Gross profit |  | 70,364 |  |  | 74,799 |
Selling, general and administrative |  | 28,658 |  |  | 30,441 |
Research and development |  | 28,292 |  |  | 29,803 |
Operating expenses |  | 56,950 |  |  | 60,244 |
Income from operations |  | 13,414 |  |  | 14,555 |
Interest income |  | 2,839 |  |  | 3,826 |
Interest expense |  | (583 | ) |  | (251 | )
Income before income taxes |  | 15,670 |  |  | 18,130 |
Provision for income taxes |  | 2,133 |  |  | 10,570 |
Share of results of equity-method investee, net of tax |  | 60 |  |  | 43 |
Net income |  | $ | 13,477 |  |  | $ | 7,517 |
Net income per share: |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ | 0.21 |  |  | $ | 0.11 |
Diluted |  | $ | 0.21 |  |  | $ | 0.11 |
Weighted average shares outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | 63,557 |  |  | 67,176 |
Diluted |  | 64,139 |  |  | 67,851 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated condensed financial statements.
2

Table of Contents
KULICKE AND SOFFA INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)
(in thousands)

| Three months ended
| December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018
Net income | $ | 13,477 |  |  | $ | 7,517 |
Other comprehensive income/(loss): |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | 2,514 |  |  | (979 | )
Unrecognized actuarial (loss)/gain on pension plan, net of tax | (25 | ) |  | 4 |
| 2,489 |  |  | (975 | )
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: |  |  |
Unrealized gain/(loss) on derivative instruments, net of tax | 607 |  |  | (72 | )
Reclassification adjustment for loss on derivative instruments recognized, net of tax | 197 |  |  | 865 |
Net increase from derivatives designated as hedging instruments, net of tax | 804 |  |  | 793 |
Total other comprehensive gain/(loss) | 3,293 |  |  | (182 | )
Comprehensive income | $ | 16,770 |  |  | $ | 7,335 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated condensed financial statements.
3

Table of Contents
KULICKE AND SOFFA INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Unaudited)
(in thousands)

| Common Stock |  | Treasury Stock |  | Retained earnings |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive loss |  | Shareholders' Equity
| Shares |  | Amount |  |  |  |
Balances as of September 28, 2019 | 63,173 |  |  | $ | 533,590 |  |  | $ | (349,212 | ) |  | $ | 594,625 |  |  | $ | (9,940 | ) |  | $ | 769,063 |
Issuance of stock for services rendered | 9 |  |  | — |  |  | 222 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 222 |
Repurchase of common stock | (224 | ) |  | — |  |  | (5,369 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (5,369 | )
Issuance of shares for equity-based compensation | 800 |  |  | (7,490 | ) |  | 7,490 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Equity-based compensation | — |  |  | 3,387 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,387 |
Cumulative effect of accounting changes | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (769 | ) |  | — |  |  | (769 | )
Cash dividend declared | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (7,651 | ) |  | — |  |  | (7,651 | )
Components of comprehensive income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13,477 |  |  | — |  |  | 13,477 |
Other comprehensive income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,293 |  |  | 3,293 |
Total comprehensive income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13,477 |  |  | 3,293 |  |  | 16,770 |
Balances as of December 28, 2019 | 63,758 |  |  | $ | 529,487 |  |  | $ | (346,869 | ) |  | $ | 599,682 |  |  | $ | (6,647 | ) |  | $ | 775,653 |

| Common Stock |  | Treasury Stock |  | Retained earnings |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive income |  | Shareholders' Equity
| Shares |  | Amount |  |  |  |
Balances as of September 29, 2018 | 67,143 |  |  | $ | 519,244 |  |  | $ | (248,664 | ) |  | $ | 613,529 |  |  | $ | (3,902 | ) |  | $ | 880,207 |
Issuance of stock for services rendered | 8 |  |  | 195 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 195 |
Repurchase of common stock | (1,233 | ) |  | — |  |  | (25,485 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (25,485 | )
Issuance of shares for equity-based compensation | 642 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Equity-based compensation | — |  |  | 3,678 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,678 |
Cumulative effect of accounting changes | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 534 |  |  | — |  |  | 534 |
Cash dividend declared | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (8,055 | ) |  | — |  |  | (8,055 | )
Components of comprehensive income/(loss): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,517 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,517 |
Other comprehensive loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (182 | ) |  | (182 | )
Total comprehensive income/(loss) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,517 |  |  | (182 | ) |  | 7,335 |
Balances as of December 29, 2018 | 66,560 |  |  | $ | 523,117 |  |  | $ | (274,149 | ) |  | $ | 613,525 |  |  | $ | (4,084 | ) |  | $ | 858,409 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated condensed financial statements.
4

Table of Contents
KULICKE AND SOFFA INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
(in thousands)

| Three months ended
| December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |  |  |
Net income | $ | 13,477 |  |  | $ | 7,517 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 4,759 |  |  | 4,769 |
Equity-based compensation and employee benefits | 3,609 |  |  | 3,873 |
Adjustment for doubtful accounts | 17 |  |  | (369 | )
Adjustment for inventory valuation | 1,060 |  |  | 189 |
Deferred taxes | 966 |  |  | (648 | )
Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment | — |  |  | 24 |
Unrealized foreign currency translation | 1,471 |  |  | (33 | )
Share of results of equity-method investee | 60 |  |  | 43 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |  |  |
Accounts and other receivable | (2,961 | ) |  | 56,497 |
Inventory | (6,974 | ) |  | 5,401 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | (746 | ) |  | 855 |
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities | 7,987 |  |  | (32,943 | )
Income tax payable | 1,016 |  |  | 9,883 |
Other, net | 1,287 |  |  | 943 |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 25,028 |  |  | 56,001 |
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |  |  |
Purchases of property, plant and equipment | (2,225 | ) |  | (3,273 | )
Purchase of equity investments | (1,288 | ) |  | — |
Purchase of short-term investments | (20,000 | ) |  | (231,000 | )
Maturity of short-term investments | 130,000 |  |  | 169,000 |
Net cash provided by /(used in) investing activities | 106,487 |  |  | (65,273 | )
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |  |  |
Payment on debts | — |  |  | (183 | )
Payment for finance lease | (10 | ) |  | — |
Repurchase of common stock | (5,319 | ) |  | (25,676 | )
Common stock cash dividends paid | (7,582 | ) |  | (8,057 | )
Proceeds from short term debt | 15,063 |  |  | — |
Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities | 2,152 |  |  | (33,916 | )
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | (477 | ) |  | (18 | )
Changes in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 133,190 |  |  | (43,206 | )
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period | 364,184 |  |  | 321,148 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period | $ | 497,374 |  |  | $ | 277,942 |
CASH PAID FOR: |  |  |  |  |
Interest | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | 251 |
Income taxes, net of refunds | $ | 206 |  |  | $ | 790 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated condensed financial statements.
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KULICKE AND SOFFA INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited
NOTE 1: BASIS OF PRESENTATION
These consolidated condensed financial statements include the accounts of Kulicke and Soffa Industries, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”), with appropriate elimination of intercompany balances and transactions.
The interim consolidated condensed financial statements are unaudited and, in management's opinion, include all adjustments (consisting only of normal and recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair statement of results for these interim periods. The interim consolidated condensed financial statements do not include all of the information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 28, 2019, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which includes Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018, and the related Consolidated Statements of Operations, Statements of Other Comprehensive Income, Changes in Shareholders' Equity and Cash Flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended September 28, 2019. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for any other interim period or for a full year.
Fiscal Year
Each of the Company's first three fiscal quarters end on the Saturday that is 13 weeks after the end of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter. The fourth quarter of each fiscal year ends on the Saturday closest to September 30. Fiscal 2020 quarters end on December 28, 2019, March 28, 2020, June 27, 2020 and October 3, 2020. In fiscal years consisting of 53 weeks, the fourth quarter will consist of 14 weeks. Fiscal 2019 quarters ended on December 29, 2018, March 30, 2019, June 29, 2019 and September 28, 2019.
Nature of Business
The Company designs, manufactures and sells capital equipment and tools as well as services, maintains, repairs and upgrades equipment, all used to assemble semiconductor devices. The Company's operating results depend upon the capital and operating expenditures of semiconductor device manufacturers, integrated device manufacturers, outsourced semiconductor assembly and test providers (“OSATs”), and other electronics manufacturers including automotive electronics suppliers, worldwide which, in turn, depend on the current and anticipated market demand for semiconductors and products utilizing semiconductors. The semiconductor industry is highly volatile and experiences downturns and slowdowns which can have a severe negative effect on the semiconductor industry's demand for semiconductor capital equipment, including assembly equipment manufactured and sold by the Company and, to a lesser extent, tools, including those sold by the Company. These downturns and slowdowns have in the past adversely affected the Company's operating results. The Company believes such volatility will continue to characterize the industry and the Company's operations in the future.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated condensed financial statements requires management to make assumptions, estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, net revenue and expenses during the reporting periods, and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated condensed financial statements. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates estimates, including but not limited to, those related to accounts receivable, reserves for excess and obsolete inventory, carrying value and lives of fixed assets, goodwill and intangible assets, the valuation estimates and assessment of impairment and observable price adjustments, income taxes, equity-based compensation expense, and warranties. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions believed to be reasonable. As a result, management makes judgments regarding the carrying values of the Company's assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Authoritative pronouncements, historical experience and assumptions also are used as the basis for making estimates, and on an ongoing basis, management evaluates these estimates. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
Vulnerability to Certain Concentrations
Financial instruments which may subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk as of December 28, 2019 and September 28, 2019 consisted primarily of trade receivables. The Company manages credit risk associated with investments by investing its excess cash in highly rated debt instruments of the U.S. government and its agencies, financial institutions, and corporations. The Company has established investment guidelines relative to diversification and maturities designed to maintain safety and liquidity. These guidelines are periodically reviewed and modified as appropriate. The Company does not have any exposure to sub-prime financial instruments or auction rate securities.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited (continued)
The Company's trade receivables result primarily from the sale of semiconductor equipment, related accessories and replacement parts, and tools to a relatively small number of large manufacturers in a highly concentrated industry. Write-offs of uncollectible accounts have historically not been significant. The Company actively monitors its customers' financial strength to reduce the risk of loss.
The Company's products are complex and require raw materials, components and subassemblies having a high degree of reliability, accuracy and performance. The Company relies on subcontractors to manufacture many of these components and subassemblies and it relies on sole source suppliers for some important components and raw material inventory.
Foreign Currency Translation and Remeasurement
The majority of the Company's business is transacted in U.S. dollars; however, the functional currencies of some of the Company's subsidiaries are their local currencies. In accordance with ASC No. 830, Foreign Currency Matters (“ASC 830”), for a subsidiary of the Company that has a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar, gains and losses resulting from the translation of the functional currency into U.S. dollars for financial statement presentation are not included in determining net income, but are accumulated in the cumulative translation adjustment account as a separate component of shareholders' equity (accumulated other comprehensive income / (loss)). Under ASC 830, cumulative translation adjustments are not adjusted for income taxes as they relate to indefinite investments in non-U.S. subsidiaries. Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included in the determination of net income.
The Company's operations are exposed to changes in foreign currency exchange rates due to transactions denominated in currencies other than the location's functional currency. The Company is also exposed to foreign currency fluctuations that impact the remeasurement of net monetary assets of those operations whose functional currency, the U.S. dollar, differs from their respective local currencies, most notably in Israel, Singapore and Switzerland. In addition to net monetary remeasurement, the Company has exposures related to the translation of subsidiary financial statements from their functional currency, the local currency, into its reporting currency, the U.S. dollar, most notably in the Netherlands, China, Taiwan, Japan and Germany. The Company's U.S. operations also have foreign currency exposure due to net monetary assets denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar.
Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company’s primary objective for holding derivative financial instruments is to manage the fluctuation in foreign exchange rates and accordingly is not speculative in nature. The Company’s international operations are exposed to changes in foreign exchange rates as described above. The Company has established a program to monitor the forecasted transaction currency risk to protect against foreign exchange rate volatility. Generally, the Company uses foreign exchange forward contracts in these hedging programs. These instruments, which have maturities of up to twelve months, are recorded at fair value and are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets, or accrued expenses and other current liabilities.
Our accounting policy for derivative financial instruments is based on whether they meet the criteria for designation as a cash flow hedge. A designated hedge with exposure to variability in the functional currency equivalent of the future foreign currency cash flows of a forecasted transaction is referred to as a cash flow hedge. The criteria for designating a derivative as a cash flow hedge include the assessment of the instrument’s effectiveness in risk reduction, matching of the derivative instrument to its underlying transaction, and the assessment of the probability that the underlying transaction will occur. For derivatives with cash flow hedge accounting designation, we report the after-tax gain / (loss) from the effective portion of the hedge as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income / (loss) and reclassify it into earnings in the same period in which the hedged transaction affects earnings and in the same line item on the Consolidated Condensed Statement of Operations as the impact of the hedged transaction. Derivatives that we designate as cash flow hedges are classified in the Consolidated Condensed Statement of Cash Flows in the same section as the underlying item, primarily within cash flows from operating activities.
The hedge effectiveness of these derivative instruments is evaluated by comparing the cumulative change in the fair value of the hedge contract with the cumulative change in the fair value of the forecasted cash flows of the hedged item.
If a cash flow hedge is discontinued because it is no longer probable that the original hedged transaction will occur as previously anticipated, the cumulative unrealized gain or loss on the related derivative is reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income / (loss) into earnings. Subsequent gain / (loss) on the related derivative instrument is recognized into earnings in each period until the instrument matures, is terminated, is re-designated as a qualified cash flow hedge, or is sold. Ineffective portions of cash flow hedges, as well as amounts excluded from the assessment of effectiveness, are recognized in earnings.
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KULICKE AND SOFFA INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited (continued)
Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents are measured at fair value based on level one measurement, or quoted market prices, as defined by ASC No. 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures.
Equity Investments
The Company invests in equity securities in companies to promote business and strategic objectives. Equity investments are measured and recorded as follows:

• | Equity method investments are equity securities in investees that provide the Company with the ability to exercise significant influence in which it lacks a controlling financial interest. Our proportionate share of the income or loss is recognized on a one-quarter lag and is recorded as share of results of equity-method investee, net of tax.

• | Non-marketable equity securities are equity securities without readily determinable fair value that are measured and recorded using a measurement alternative that measures the securities at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from qualifying observable price changes.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
The Company maintains allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from its customers' failure to make required payments. If the financial condition of the Company's customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances may be required. If global or regional economic conditions deteriorate or political conditions were to change in some of the countries where the Company does business, it could have a significant impact on the results of operations, and the Company's ability to realize the full value of its accounts receivable.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (on a first-in first-out basis) or net realizable value. The Company generally provides reserves for obsolete inventory and for inventory considered to be in excess of demand. Demand is generally defined as 18 months forecasted future consumption for equipment, 24 months forecasted future consumption for spare parts, and 12 months forecasted future consumption for tools. Forecasted consumption is based upon internal projections, historical sales volumes, customer order activity and a review of consumable inventory levels at customers' facilities. The Company communicates forecasts of its future consumption to its suppliers and adjusts commitments to those suppliers accordingly. If required, the Company reserves the difference between the carrying value of its inventory and the lower of cost or net realizable value, based upon projections about future consumption, and market conditions. If actual market conditions are less favorable than projections, additional inventory reserves may be required.
Inventory reserve provision for certain subsidiaries is determined based on management's estimate of future consumption for equipment and spare parts. This estimate is based on historical sales volumes, internal projections and market developments and trends.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost. The cost of additions and those improvements which increase the capacity or lengthen the useful lives of assets are capitalized, while repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Depreciation and amortization are provided on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives as follows: buildings 25 years; machinery, equipment, furniture and fittings 3 to 10 years; toolings 1 year; and leasehold improvements are based on the shorter of the life of lease or life of asset. Purchased computer software costs related to business and financial systems are amortized over a five-year period on a straight-line basis. Land is not depreciated.
Valuation of Long-Lived Assets
In accordance with ASC No. 360, Property, Plant & Equipment ("ASC 360"), the Company's property, plant and equipment is tested for impairment based on undiscounted cash flows when triggering events occur, and if impaired, written-down to fair value based on either discounted cash flows or appraised values. ASC 360 also provides a single accounting model for long-lived assets to be disposed of by sale and establishes additional criteria that would have to be met to classify an asset as held for sale. The carrying amount of an asset or asset group is not recoverable to the extent it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset or asset group. Estimates of future cash flows used to test the recoverability of a long-lived asset or asset group must incorporate the entity's own assumptions about its use of the asset or asset group and must factor in all available evidence.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited (continued)
ASC 360 requires that long-lived assets be tested for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. Such events include significant under-performance relative to historical internal forecasts or projected future operating results; significant changes in the manner of use of the assets; significant negative industry or economic trends; or significant changes in market capitalization. During the three months ended December 28, 2019, no "triggering" events occurred.
Accounting for Impairment of Goodwill
ASC No. 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other ("ASC 350") requires goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives to be reviewed for impairment annually, or more frequently if circumstances indicate a possible impairment. We assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. If, after assessing the qualitative factors, a company determines that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, then performing the impairment test is unnecessary. However, if a company concludes otherwise, then it is required to perform the goodwill impairment test. Following the Company's early adoption of ASU 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment in the third quarter of fiscal 2017, the requirement to perform a hypothetical purchase price allocation to measure goodwill impairment (i.e. step 2 of the goodwill impairment test) was eliminated. Accordingly, the Company's impairment test is performed by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value.
As part of the annual evaluation, the Company performs an impairment test of its goodwill in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year to coincide with the completion of its annual forecasting and refreshing of its business outlook processes. On an ongoing basis, the Company monitors if a “triggering” event has occurred that may have the effect of reducing the fair value of a reporting unit below its respective carrying value. Adverse changes in expected operating results and/or unfavorable changes in other economic factors used to estimate fair values could result in a non-cash impairment charge in the future.
Impairment assessments inherently involve judgment as to the assumptions made about the expected future cash flows and the impact of market conditions on those assumptions. Future events and changing market conditions may impact the assumptions as to prices, costs, growth rates or other factors that may result in changes in the estimates of future cash flows. Although the Company believes the assumptions that it has used in testing for impairment are reasonable, significant changes in any one of the assumptions could produce a significantly different result. Indicators of potential impairment may lead the Company to perform interim goodwill impairment assessments, including significant and unforeseen customer losses, a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate, a significant adverse action or assessment by a regulator, a significant stock price decline or unanticipated competition.
For further information on goodwill and other intangible assets, see Note 3 below.
Revenue Recognition
In accordance with ASC No. 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, the Company recognizes revenue when we satisfy performance obligations as evidenced by the transfer of control of our products or services to customers. In general, the Company generates revenue from product sales, either directly to customers or to distributors. In determining whether a contract exists, we evaluate the terms of the agreement, the relationship with the customer or distributor and their ability to pay.
The Company recognizes revenue from sales of our products, including sales to our distributors, at a point in time, generally upon shipment or delivery to the customer or distributor, depending upon the terms of the sales order. Control is considered transferred when title and risk of loss pass, when the customer becomes obligated to pay and, where applicable, when the customer has accepted the products or upon expiration of the acceptance period. For sales to distributors, payment is due on our standard commercial terms and is not contingent upon resale of the products.
Our business is subject to contingencies related to customer orders, including:

• | Right of Return: A large portion of our revenue comes from the sale of equipment used in the semiconductor assembly process. Other product sales relate to consumable products, which are sold in high-volume quantities, and are generally maintained at low stock levels at customer's facility. Customer returns have historically represented a very small percentage of customer sales on an annual basis.

• | Warranties: Our equipment is generally shipped with a one-year warranty against manufacturing defects. We establish reserves for estimated warranty expense when revenue for the related equipment is recognized. The reserve for estimated warranty expense is based upon historical experience and management's estimate of future expenses, including product parts replacement, freight charges and labor costs expected to be incurred to correct product failures during the warranty period.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited (continued)

• | Conditions of Acceptance: Sales of our consumable products generally do not have customer acceptance terms. In certain cases, sales of our equipment have customer acceptance clauses which may require the equipment to perform in accordance with customer specifications or when installed at the customer's facility. In such cases, if the terms of acceptance are satisfied at our facility prior to shipment, the revenue for the equipment will be recognized upon shipment. If the terms of acceptance are satisfied at our customers' facilities, the revenue for the equipment will not be recognized until acceptance, which is typically obtained after installation and testing, is received from the customer.

Service revenue is generally recognized over time as the services are performed. For the three months ended December 28, 2019, and December 29, 2018, the service revenue is not material.
The Company measures revenue based on the amount of consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for products or services. Any variable consideration such as sales incentives are recognized as a reduction of net revenue at the time of revenue recognition.
The length of time between invoicing and payment is not significant under our payment terms. In instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of invoicing, we have determined our contracts generally do not include a significant financing component.
Shipping and handling costs billed to customers are recognized in net revenue. Shipping and handling costs paid by the Company are included in cost of sales.
Research and Development
The Company charges research and development costs associated with the development of new products to expense when incurred. In certain circumstances, pre-production machines that the Company intends to sell are carried as inventory until sold.
Income Taxes
In accordance with ASC No. 740, Income Taxes, deferred income taxes are determined using the balance sheet method. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce its deferred tax assets to the amount expected, on a more likely than not basis, to be realized. While the Company has considered future taxable income and ongoing tax planning strategies in assessing the need for the valuation allowance, if it were to determine that it would be able to realize its deferred tax assets in the future in excess of its net recorded amount, an adjustment to deferred tax assets would increase income in the period when such determination is made. Likewise, should the Company determine it would not be able to realize all or part of its deferred tax assets in the future, an adjustment to deferred tax assets would decrease income in the period when such determination is made.
The Company determines the amount of unrecognized tax benefit with respect to uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be
taken on its income tax returns in accordance with ASC No. 740 Topic 10, Income Taxes, General (“ASC 740.10”). Under ASC 740.10, the Company utilizes a two-step approach for evaluating uncertain tax positions. Step one, or recognition, requires a company to determine if the weight of available evidence indicates a tax position is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination solely based on its technical merit. Step two, or measurement, is based on the largest amount of benefit, which is more likely than not to be realized on settlement with the taxing authority, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any.
Equity-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for equity-based compensation under the provisions of ASC No. 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”). ASC 718 requires the recognition of the fair value of the equity-based compensation in net income. Compensation expense associated with Relative TSR Performance Share Units is determined using a Monte-Carlo valuation model, and compensation expense associated with time-based and Special/Growth Performance Share Units is determined based on the number of shares granted and the fair value on the date of grant. See Note 10 for a summary of the terms of these performance-based awards. The fair value of the Company's stock option awards is estimated using a Black-Scholes option valuation model. The fair value of equity-based awards is amortized over the vesting period of the award and the Company elected to use the straight-line method for awards granted after the adoption of ASC 718.
Earnings per Share
Earnings per share (“EPS”) are calculated in accordance with ASC No. 260, Earnings per Share. Basic EPS include only the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS include the weighted average number of common shares and the dilutive effect of stock options, restricted stock awards, performance share units and restricted share units outstanding during the period, when such instruments are dilutive.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited (continued)
Accounting for Business Acquisitions
The Company accounts for business acquisitions in accordance with ASC No. 805, Business Combinations. The fair value of the net assets acquired and the results of operations of the acquired businesses are included in the Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements from the acquisition date forward. The Company is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and results of operations during the reporting period. Estimates are used in accounting for, among other things, the fair value of acquired net operating assets, property, plant and equipment, deferred revenue, intangible assets and related deferred tax balances, useful lives of property, plant and equipment, and amortizable lives of acquired intangible assets. Any excess of the purchase consideration over the identified fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired is recognized as goodwill. The valuation of these tangible and identifiable intangible assets and liabilities is subject to further management review and may change materially between the preliminary allocation and end of the purchase price allocation period.
Restructuring charges
Restructuring charges may consist of voluntary or involuntary severance-related charges, asset-related charges and other costs due to exit activities. We recognize voluntary termination benefits when an employee accepts the offered benefit arrangement. We recognize involuntary severance-related charges depending on whether the termination benefits are provided under an ongoing benefit arrangement or under a one-time benefit arrangement. If the former, we recognize the charges once they are probable and the amounts are estimable. If the latter, we recognize the charges once the benefits have been communicated to employees.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Leases
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases under current GAAP.
Subsequently in July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements, provides additional information concerning the new leases standard in ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The targeted improvements provide entities with additional and optional transition methods.
In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-20, Leases (Topic 842): Narrow-Scope Improvements for Lessors. This ASU provides guidance in several areas, including the accounting policy election for sales taxes and other similar taxes collected from lessees, accounting for certain lessor costs and accounting for variable payments for contracts with lease and nonlease components.
We adopted these ASUs utilizing the modified retrospective transition method through a cumulative-effect adjustment at the beginning of the first quarter of fiscal 2020. In addition, we elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance that allowed us to apply prior conclusions related to lease definition, classification and initial direct costs. Additionally, the lease previously identified as build-to-suit leasing arrangement under legacy lease accounting (ASC 840), was derecognized pursuant to the transition guidance provided for build-to-suit leases in ASC 842 (see Note 9 below). Accordingly, the lease has been reassessed as an operating lease as of the adoption date under ASC 842, and is included on the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheet. The adoption of these ASUs has resulted in an increase of approximately $23.8 million in operating lease liabilities and $22.2 million in right-of-use assets, decrease of approximately $14.5 million in financing obligation, decrease of approximately $15.3 million in property, plant and equipment, and an adjustment of $0.8 million to retained earnings after income tax effects on our Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheet.
Financial Instruments
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This ASU replaces the impairment methodology in current GAAP, which delays recognition of credit losses until it is probable a loss has been incurred, with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. This ASU will be effective for us beginning in our first quarter of fiscal 2021. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this ASU on our consolidated condensed financial statements.
Derivatives and Hedging
In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities (Topic 815). The new guidance expands and refines hedge accounting for both financial and non-financial risks. The new guidance also modifies disclosure requirements for hedging activities. We adopted this ASU as of the beginning of the first quarter of 2020. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on our consolidated condensed financial statements.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited (continued)
Collaborative Arrangements
In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-18, Collaborative Arrangements (Topic 808). This ASU clarifies that certain transactions between collaborative arrangement participants should be accounted for as revenue when the collaborative arrangement participant is a customer in the context of a unit of account and precludes recognizing as revenue consideration received from a collaborative arrangement participant if the participant is not a customer. This ASU will be effective for us in the first quarter of 2021 with early adoption permitted. This ASU requires retrospective adoption to the date we adopted ASC 606 by recognizing a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings of the earliest annual period presented. We are currently evaluating the timing and the effects of the adoption of this ASU on our consolidated condensed financial statements.
Income Taxes
In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects From Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, which allows for a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “TCJA”) and requires entities to provide certain disclosures regarding these stranded tax effects, if any. We adopted this ASU in the first quarter of 2020. The adoption did not have a material impact on our consolidated condensed financial statements.
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740). The amendments in this ASU simplify the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and clarify and amend existing guidance. This ASU will be effective for us in the first quarter of 2022 with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the timing and the effects of the adoption of this ASU on our consolidated condensed financial statements.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited (continued)
NOTE 2: BALANCE SHEET COMPONENTS
The following tables reflect the components of significant balance sheet accounts as of December 28, 2019 and September 28, 2019:

| As of
(in thousands) | December 28, 2019 |  | September 28, 2019
Short term investments, available-for-sale(1) | $ | 119,000 |  |  | $ | 229,000 |
Inventories, net: |  |  |  |  |
Raw materials and supplies | $ | 51,651 |  |  | $ | 52,853 |
Work in process | 37,481 |  |  | 32,026 |
Finished goods | 36,122 |  |  | 33,742 |
| 125,254 |  |  | 118,621 |
Inventory reserves | (30,045 | ) |  | (29,313 | )
| $ | 95,209 |  |  | $ | 89,308 |
Property, plant and equipment, net: |  |  |  |  |
Land | $ | 2,182 |  |  | $ | 2,182 |
Buildings and building improvements | 22,282 |  |  | 41,961 |
Leasehold improvements | 24,542 |  |  | 24,441 |
Data processing equipment and software | 36,626 |  |  | 36,302 |
Machinery, equipment, furniture and fixtures | 73,018 |  |  | 71,465 |
Construction in progress | 6,769 |  |  | 6,512 |
| 165,419 |  |  | 182,863 |
Accumulated depreciation | (108,593 | ) |  | (110,493 | )
| $ | 56,826 |  |  | $ | 72,370 |
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities: |  |  |  |  |
Accrued customer obligations (2) | $ | 26,484 |  |  | $ | 26,292 |
Wages and benefits | 18,473 |  |  | 18,188 |
Dividend payable | 7,651 |  |  | 7,582 |
Commissions and professional fees | 2,432 |  |  | 2,024 |
Deferred rent | — |  |  | 1,721 |
Severance | 1,205 |  |  | 1,500 |
Other | 6,277 |  |  | 7,226 |
| $ | 62,522 |  |  | $ | 64,533 |

(1) | All short-term investments were classified as available-for-sale and were measured at fair value based on level one measurement, or quoted market prices, as defined by ASC 820. The Company did not recognize any realized gains or losses on the sale of investments during the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018.

(2) | Represents customer advance payments, customer credit program, accrued warranty expense and accrued retrofit obligations.

NOTE 3: GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill
Intangible assets classified as goodwill are not amortized. The goodwill established in connection with our acquisitions represents the estimated future economic benefits arising from the assets we acquired that did not qualify to be identified and recognized individually. The goodwill also includes the value of expected future cash flows of the acquisitions, expected synergies with our
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited (continued)
other affiliates and other unidentifiable intangible assets. The Company performs an annual impairment test of its goodwill during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, which coincides with the completion of its annual forecasting and refreshing of business outlook process.
The Company performed its annual impairment test in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 and concluded that no impairment charge was required. Any future adverse changes in expected operating results and/or unfavorable changes in other economic factors used to estimate fair values could result in a noncash impairment in the future.
During the three months ended December 28, 2019, the Company reviewed qualitative factors to ascertain if a "triggering" event may have taken place that may have the effect of reducing the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying value and concluded that no triggering event had occurred.
The following table summarizes the Company's recorded goodwill by reporting segments as of December 28, 2019 and September 28, 2019:

| As of
(in thousands) | December 28, 2019 |  | September 28, 2019
Capital Equipment | $ | 29,640 |  |  | $ | 29,480 |
APS | 26,355 |  |  | 26,211 |
Total goodwill | $ | 55,995 |  |  | $ | 55,691 |

Intangible Assets
Intangible assets with determinable lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives. The Company's intangible assets consist primarily of developed technology, customer relationships and trade and brand names.
The following table reflects net intangible assets as of December 28, 2019 and September 28, 2019:

| As of |  | Average estimated
(dollar amounts in thousands) | December 28, 2019 |  | September 28, 2019 |  | useful lives (in years)
Developed technology | $ | 88,368 |  |  | $ | 87,209 |  |  | 7.0 to 15.0
Accumulated amortization | (50,117 | ) |  | (48,718 | ) |  |
Net developed technology | $ | 38,251 |  |  | $ | 38,491 |  |  |
Customer relationships | $ | 35,521 |  |  | $ | 35,180 |  |  | 5.0 to 6.0
Accumulated amortization | (32,808 | ) |  | (31,862 | ) |  |
Net customer relationships | $ | 2,713 |  |  | $ | 3,318 |  |  |
Trade and brand names | $ | 7,274 |  |  | $ | 7,219 |  |  | 7.0 to 8.0
Accumulated amortization | (6,510 | ) |  | (6,377 | ) |  |
Net trade and brand names | $ | 764 |  |  | $ | 842 |  |  |
Other intangible assets | $ | 2,500 |  |  | $ | 2,500 |  |  | 1.9
Accumulated amortization | (2,500 | ) |  | (2,500 | ) |  |
Net other intangible assets | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |
Net intangible assets | $ | 41,728 |  |  | $ | 42,651 |  |  |

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KULICKE AND SOFFA INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited (continued)
The following table reflects estimated annual amortization expense related to intangible assets as of December 28, 2019:

| As of
(in thousands) | December 28, 2019
Remaining fiscal 2020 | $ | 5,513 |
Fiscal 2021 | 5,324 |
Fiscal 2022 | 4,362 |
Fiscal 2023 | 4,267 |
Fiscal 2024 | 4,267 |
Thereafter | 17,995 |
Total amortization expense | $ | 41,728 |

NOTE 4: CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS
Cash equivalents consist of instruments with remaining maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase. In general, these investments are free of trading restrictions.
Cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments consisted of the following as of December 28, 2019:

(in thousands) | Amortized Cost |  | Unrealized Gains |  | Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated Fair Value
Current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash | $ | 246,438 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 246,438 |
Cash equivalents: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market funds (1) | 141,929 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 141,929 |
Time deposits (2) | 109,007 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 109,007 |
Total cash and cash equivalents | $ | 497,374 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 497,374 |
Short-term investments (2): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Time deposits | 20,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 20,000 |
Deposits (3) | 99,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 99,000 |
Total short-term investments | $ | 119,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 119,000 |
Total cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments | $ | 616,374 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 616,374 |

(1) | The fair value was determined using unadjusted prices in active, accessible markets for identical assets, and as such they were classified as Level 1 assets in the fair value hierarchy.

(2) | Fair value approximates cost basis.

(3) | Represents deposits that require a notice period of three months for withdrawal.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited (continued)
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and short-term investments consisted of the following as of September 28, 2019:

(in thousands) | Amortized Cost |  | Unrealized Gains |  | Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated Fair Value
Current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash | $ | 201,005 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 201,005 |
Cash equivalents: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market funds (1) | 163,172 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 163,172 |
Time deposits (2) | 7 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7 |
Total cash and cash equivalents | $ | 364,184 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 364,184 |
Short-term investments (2): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Time deposits | 130,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 130,000 |
Deposits (3) | 99,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 99,000 |
Total short-term investments | $ | 229,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 229,000 |
Total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and short-term investments | $ | 593,184 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 593,184 |

(1) | The fair value was determined using unadjusted prices in active, accessible markets for identical assets, and as such they were classified as Level 1 assets in the fair value hierarchy.

(2) | Fair value approximates cost basis.

(3) | Represents deposits that require a notice period of three months for withdrawal.

NOTE 5: EQUITY INVESTMENTS
Equity investments consisted of the following as of December 28, 2019 and September 28, 2019:

| As of
(in thousands) | December 28, 2019 |  | September 28, 2019
Non-marketable equity securities(1) | $ | 6,288 |  |  | $ | 5,000 |
Equity method investments | 1,189 |  |  | 1,250 |
Total | $ | 7,477 |  |  | $ | 6,250 |

(1) | On January 30, 2019, the Company made a $5.0 million investment in one of our collaborative partners, over which the Company does not have significant influence. During the three months ended December 28, 2019, there was no impairment or adjustment to the observable price.

NOTE 6: FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Accounting standards establish three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value: quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (referred to as Level 1), inputs other than Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability either directly or indirectly (referred to as Level 2) and unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of fair value of assets or liabilities (referred to as Level 3).
Assets and Liabilities Measured and Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
We measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis. There were no transfers between fair value measurement levels during the three months ended December 28, 2019.
Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis
Our non-financial assets such as intangible assets and property, plant and equipment are carried at cost unless impairment is deemed to have occurred. Our equity method investments are recorded at fair value only if an impairment is recognized.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited (continued)
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Amounts reported as accounts receivables, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate fair value.
NOTE 7: DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The Company’s international operations are exposed to changes in foreign exchange rates due to transactions denominated in currencies other than U.S. dollars. Most of the Company’s revenue and cost of materials are transacted in U.S. dollars. However, a significant amount of the Company’s operating expenses is denominated in local currencies, primarily in Singapore.
The foreign currency exposure of our operating expenses is generally hedged with foreign exchange forward contracts. The Company’s foreign exchange risk management programs include using foreign exchange forward contracts with cash flow hedge accounting designation to hedge exposures to the variability in the U.S. dollar equivalent of forecasted non-U.S. dollar-denominated operating expenses. These instruments generally mature within twelve months. For these derivatives, we report the after-tax gain or loss from the effective portion of the hedge as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), and we reclassify it into earnings in the same period or periods in which the hedged transaction affects earnings and in the same line item on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Operations as the impact of the hedged transaction.
The fair value of derivative instruments on our Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheet as of December 28, 2019 and September 28, 2019 was as follows:

| As of
(in thousands) | December 28, 2019 |  | September 28, 2019
| Notional Amount |  | Fair Value Asset Derivatives(1) |  | Notional Amount |  | Fair Value (Liability) Derivatives(2)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange forward contracts (3) | $ | 29,928 |  |  | $ | 208 |  |  | $ | 33,834 |  |  | $ | (597 | )
Total derivatives | $ | 29,928 |  |  | $ | 208 |  |  | $ | 33,834 |  |  | $ | (597 | )

(1) | The fair value of derivative assets is measured using level 2 fair value inputs and is included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on our Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheet.

(2) | The fair value of derivative liabilities is measured using level 2 fair value inputs and is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheet.

(3) | Hedged amounts expected to be recognized to income within the next twelve months.

The effects of derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges in our Consolidated Condensed Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018 are as follows:

(in thousands) | Three months ended
| December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018
Foreign exchange forward contract in cash flow hedging relationships: |  |  |
Net gain/(loss) recognized in OCI, net of tax(1) | $ | 607 |  |  | $ | (72 | )
Net (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income, net of tax(2) | $ | (197 | ) |  | $ | (865 | )

(1) | Net change in the fair value of the effective portion classified in other comprehensive income (“OCI”).

(2) | Effective portion classified as selling, general and administrative expense.

NOTE 8: LEASES
We have entered into various non-cancellable operating and finance lease agreements for certain of our offices, manufacturing, technology, sales support and service centers, equipment, and vehicles. We determine if an arrangement is a lease, or contains a lease, at inception and record the leases in our financial statements upon lease commencement, which is the date when the underlying asset is made available for use by the lessor. Our lease terms may include one or more options to extend the lease terms, for periods from one year to 20 years, when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. As of December 28, 2019, no options were recognized as right-of-use ("ROU") assets or lease liabilities. We have lease agreements with lease and non-lease components,
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited (continued)
and non-lease components are accounted for separately and not included in our leased assets and corresponding liabilities. We have elected not to present short-term leases on the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheet as these leases have a lease term of 12 months or less at lease inception.
Operating leases are included in operating ROU assets, current operating lease liabilities and non current operating lease liabilities, and finance leases are in included in property, plant and equipment, accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and other liabilities on the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheet. As of December 28, 2019, our finance leases are not material.
The following table shows the various components of lease expense:

| Three months ended
(in thousands) | December 28, 2019
Operating lease expense (1) | $ | 1,757 |

(1) Operating lease expense includes short-term lease expense, which is immaterial for the three month ended December 28, 2019.
The following table shows the cash flows arising from lease transactions. Cash payments related to short-term leases are not included in the measurement of operating and finance lease liabilities, and, as such, are excluded from the amounts below:

| As of
(in thousands) | December 28, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: |
Operating cash outflows from operating leases | $ | 1,757 |

The following table shows the weighted-average lease terms and discount rates for operating leases:

| As of |
| December 28, 2019 |
Operating leases: |  |
Weighted-average remaining lease term: | 5.0 |  | years
Weighted-average discount rate: | 4.8 | % |

Future lease payments, excluding short-term leases, as of December 28, 2019, are detailed as follows:

(in thousands) | Operating leases
Remainder of 2020 | $ | 5,048 |
2021 | 5,265 |
2022 | 4,750 |
2023 | 4,639 |
2024 | 2,278 |
Thereafter | 3,662 |
Total minimum lease payments | 25,642 |
Less: Interest | 3,010 |
Present value of lease obligations | 22,632 |
Less: Current portion | 5,427 |
Long-term portion of lease obligations | $ | 17,205 |

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KULICKE AND SOFFA INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited (continued)
Future lease payments under operating leases prior to adoption ASC 842 were as follows:

|  |  |  | Payments due by fiscal year
(in thousands) | Total |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2024 |  | Thereafter
Operating lease obligations (1) | $ | 16,273 |  |  | $ | 4,089 |  |  | $ | 2,576 |  |  | $ | 2,182 |  |  | $ | 1,967 |  |  | $ | 1,822 |  |  | $ | 3,637 |

(1) Pursuant to ASC No. 840, Leases ("ASC 840"), for lessee's involvement in asset construction, the Company was considered to be the owner of the Building (as defined in Note 9 below) during the construction phase due to its involvement in the asset construction. As a result of the Company's continued involvement during the lease term, the Company did not fulfill the criteria to apply sale-leaseback accounting under ASC 840. Therefore, at completion of construction, the Building remained on the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheet, and the corresponding financing obligation was reclassified to long-term liability. As of September 28, 2019, we recorded a financing obligation related to the Building of $15.0 million (see Note 9 below). The financing obligation is not reflected in the table above.
NOTE 9: DEBT AND OTHER OBLIGATIONS
Financing Obligation
On December 1, 2013, Kulicke & Soffa Pte Ltd. (“Pte”), the Company's wholly owned subsidiary, signed a lease with DBS Trustee Limited as trustee of Mapletree Industrial Trust (the “Landlord”) to lease from the Landlord approximately 198,000 square feet, representing approximately 70% of a building in Singapore as our corporate headquarters, as well as a manufacturing, technology, sales and service center (the “Building”). The lease has a 10-year non-cancellable term (the "Initial Term") and contains options to renew for 2 further 10-year terms. The annual rent and service charge for the Initial Term range from $4 million to $5 million Singapore dollars.
Pursuant to legacy ASC No. 840, Leases ("ASC 840"), we have classified the Building (build-to-suit leasing arrangement) on our Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheet as property, plant and equipment, which we are depreciating over its estimated useful life of 25 years. We concluded that the term of the financing obligation is 10 years. This is equal to the non-cancellable term of our lease agreement with the Landlord. At the inception of the lease, the asset and financing obligation recorded on the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheet was $20.0 million, which was based on an interest rate of 6.3% over the Initial Term. As of September 28, 2019, the financing obligation related to the Building is $15.0 million, which approximates fair value (Level 2). The financing obligation will be settled through a combination of periodic cash rental payments and the return of the leased property at the expiration of the lease. We do not report rent expense for the property, which is deemed owned for accounting purposes. Rather, rental payments required under the lease are considered debt service and applied to the deemed landlord financing obligation and interest expense. The Building and financing obligation are being amortized in a manner that will not generate a gain or loss upon lease termination.
The build-to-suit leasing arrangement was derecognized pursuant to the transition guidance provided in ASC 842, which is effective beginning with the first quarter of 2020. Accordingly, the lease has been reassessed as an operating lease as of the adoption date under ASC 842, and is included on the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheet. The adoption has resulted in a decrease of approximately $14.5 million in financing obligation, decrease of approximately $15.3 million in property, plant and equipment, and an adjustment of $0.8 million to retained earnings after income tax effects on our Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheet.
Bank Guarantees
On November 22, 2013, the Company obtained a $5.0 million credit facility with Citibank in connection with the issuance of bank guarantees for operational purposes. As of December 28, 2019, the outstanding amount is $3.3 million.
Credit Facilities
On February 15, 2019, the Company entered into a Facility Letter and Overdraft Agreement (collectively, the “Facility Agreements”) with MUFG Bank, Ltd., Singapore Branch (the “Bank”). The Facility Agreements provide the Company with an overdraft facility of up to $150.0 million (the “Overdraft Facility”) for general corporate purposes. Amounts outstanding under the Overdraft Facility, including interest, are payable upon thirty days written demand by the Bank. Interest on the Overdraft Facility is calculated on a daily basis, and the applicable interest rate is calculated at the overnight U.S. Dollar LIBOR rate plus a margin of 1.5% per annum. The Overdraft Facility is an unsecured facility per the terms of the Facility Agreements. The Facility Agreements contain customary non-financial covenants, including, without limitation, covenants that restrict the Company’s ability to sell or dispose of its assets, cease owning at least 51% of one of its subsidiaries (the "Subsidiary"), or encumber its assets with material security interests (including any pledge of monies in the Subsidiary’s cash deposit account with the Bank). The Facility Agreements also contain
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited (continued)
typical events of default, including, without limitation, non-payment of financial obligations when due, cross defaults to other material indebtedness of the Company or any breach of a representation or warranty under the Facility Agreements. As of December 28, 2019, the outstanding amount under the Facility Agreements is $76.0 million.
NOTE 10: SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
Common Stock and 401(k) Retirement Plan
The Company has a 401(k) retirement plan (the “Plan”) for eligible U.S. employees. The Plan allows for employee contributions and matching Company contributions from 4% to 6% based upon terms and conditions of the 401(k) Plan.
The following table reflects the Company’s contributions to the Plan during the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:

| Three months ended
(in thousands) | December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018
Cash | $ | 357 |  |  | $ | 494 |

Stock Repurchase Program
On August 15, 2017, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a program (the "Program") to repurchase up to $100 million of the Company’s common stock on or before August 1, 2020. On July 10, 2018, the Board of Directors increased the share repurchase authorization under the Program to $200 million. On January 31, 2019, the Board of Directors further increased the share repurchase under the Program to $300 million. The Company has entered into a written trading plan under Rule 10b5-1 of the Exchange Act to facilitate repurchases under the Program. The Program may be suspended or discontinued at any time and is funded using the Company's available cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments. Under the Program, shares may be repurchased through open market and/or privately negotiated transactions at prices deemed appropriate by management. The timing and amount of repurchase transactions under the Program depend on market conditions as well as corporate and regulatory considerations. During the three months ended December 28, 2019, the Company repurchased a total of 0.2 million shares of common stock under the Program at a cost of $5.4 million. The stock repurchases were recorded in the periods they were delivered and accounted for as treasury stock in the Company's Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheet. The Company records treasury stock purchases under the cost method using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. Upon reissuance of treasury stock, amounts in excess of the acquisition cost are credited to additional paid-in capital. If the Company reissues treasury stock at an amount below its acquisition cost and additional paid-in capital associated with prior treasury stock transactions is insufficient to cover the difference between acquisition cost and the reissue price, this difference is recorded against retained earnings. As of December 28, 2019, our remaining stock repurchase authorization under the Program was approximately $91.8 million.
Dividends
On December 12, 2019, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.12 per share of common stock. Dividends paid during the three months ended December 28, 2019 totaled $7.6 million. The declaration of any future cash dividend is at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend on the Company's financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, business conditions and other factors, as well as a determination that such dividends are in the best interests of the Company's stockholders.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
The following table reflects accumulated other comprehensive loss reflected on the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets as of December 28, 2019 and September 28, 2019:

| As of
(in thousands) | December 28, 2019 |  | September 28, 2019
Loss from foreign currency translation adjustments | $ | (5,232 | ) |  | $ | (7,745 | )
Unrecognized actuarial loss on pension plan, net of tax | (1,623 | ) |  | (1,598 | )
Unrealized gain/(loss) on hedging | 208 |  |  | (597 | )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | $ | (6,647 | ) |  | $ | (9,940 | )

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited (continued)
Equity-Based Compensation
The Company has stockholder-approved equity-based employee compensation plans (the “Employee Plans”) and director compensation plans (the “Director Plans”) (collectively, the “Equity Plans”). As of December 28, 2019, 3.4 million shares of common stock are available for grant to its employees and directors under the 2017 Equity Plan, including previously registered shares that have been carried forward for issuance from the 2009 Equity Plan.

• | Relative TSR Performance Share Units ("Relative TSR PSUs") entitle the employee to receive common shares of the Company on the award vesting date, if market performance objectives that measure relative total shareholder return (“TSR”) are attained. Relative TSR is calculated based upon the 90-calendar day average price of the Company's stock as compared to specific peer companies that comprise the GICS (45301020) Semiconductor Index. TSR is measured for the Company and each peer company over a performance period, which is generally three years. Vesting percentages range from 0% to 200% of awards granted. The provisions of the Relative TSR PSUs are reflected in the grant date fair value of the award; therefore, compensation expense is recognized regardless of whether the market condition is ultimately satisfied. Compensation expense is reversed if the award is forfeited prior to the vesting date.

• | In general, stock options and Time-based Restricted Share Units ("Time-based RSUs") awarded to employees vest annually over a three-year period provided the employee remains employed by the Company. The Company follows the non-substantive vesting method for stock options and recognizes compensation expense immediately for awards granted to retirement eligible employees, or over the period from the grant date to the date retirement eligibility is achieved.

• | Special/Growth Performance Share Units (“Special/Growth PSUs”) entitle the employee to receive common shares of the Company on the three-year anniversary of the grant date (if employed by the Company) if revenue growth targets set by the Management Development and Compensation Committee (“MDCC”) of the Board of Directors on the date of grant are met. If revenue growth targets are not met, the Special/Growth PSUs do not vest. Certain Special/Growth PSUs vest based on achievement of strategic goals over a certain time period or periods set by the MDCC. If the strategic goals are not achieved, the Special/Growth PSUs do not vest.

Equity-based compensation expense recognized in the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Operations for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018 was based upon awards ultimately expected to vest, with forfeitures accounted for when they occur.
The following table reflects Time-based RSUs, Relative TSR PSUs, Special/Growth PSUs and common stock granted during the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:

| Three months ended
(shares in thousands) | December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018
Time-based RSUs | 475 |  |  | 507 |
Relative TSR PSUs | 157 |  |  | 157 |
Special/Growth PSUs | 73 |  |  | 52 |
Common stock | 9 |  |  | 8 |
Equity-based compensation in shares | 714 |  |  | 724 |

The following table reflects total equity-based compensation expense, which includes Time-based RSUs, Relative TSR PSUs, Special/Growth PSUs and common stock, included in the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Operations during the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:

| Three months ended
(in thousands) | December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018
Cost of sales | $ | 232 |  |  | $ | 150 |
Selling, general and administrative | 2,735 |  |  | 2,925 |
Research and development | 642 |  |  | 798 |
Total equity-based compensation expense | $ | 3,609 |  |  | $ | 3,873 |

The following table reflects equity-based compensation expense, by type of award, for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited (continued)

| Three months ended
(in thousands) | December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018
Time-based RSUs | $ | 2,415 |  |  | $ | 2,141 |
Relative TSR PSUs | 406 |  |  | 1,375 |
Special/Growth PSUs | 566 |  |  | 162 |
Common stock | 222 |  |  | 195 |
Total equity-based compensation expense | $ | 3,609 |  |  | $ | 3,873 |

NOTE 11: REVENUE AND CONTRACT LIABILITIES
The Company recognizes revenue when we satisfy performance obligations as evidenced by the transfer of control of our products or services to customers. In general, the Company generates revenue from product sales, either directly to customers or to distributors. In determining whether a contract exists, we evaluate the terms of the agreement, the relationship with the customer or distributor and their ability to pay. Service revenue is generally recognized over time as the services are performed. For the three months ended December 28, 2019, and December 29, 2018, the service revenue is not material. Please refer to Note 1: Basis of Presentation- Revenue Recognition, for disclosure on the Company's revenue recognition.
The Company disaggregates revenue based on our reportable segments. The Company believes that disaggregating revenue into these categories achieves the disclosure objective to depict how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Please refer to Note 14: Segment information, for disclosure of disaggregated revenue.
Contract Liabilities
Our contract liabilities are primarily related to advance payments received from customers to secure product in future periods where we have received amounts in advance of satisfying performance obligations and are reported in the accompanying Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets within accrued expenses and other current liabilities.
Contract liabilities increase as a result of receiving new advance payments from customers and decrease as revenue is recognized from customers purchasing product under advance payment arrangements upon meeting the performance obligations.
The following table shows the changes in contract liability balances during the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:

| Three months ended
(in thousands) | December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018 |
Contract liabilities, beginning of period | $ | 1,896 |  |  | $ | 997 |
Revenue recognized | (3,358 | ) |  | (3,178 | )
Additions | 4,050 |  |  | 2,729 |
Contract liabilities, end of period | $ | 2,588 |  |  | $ | 548 |

NOTE 12: EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic income per share is calculated using the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Stock options and restricted stock are included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share, except when their effect would be anti-dilutive.
The following tables reflect a reconciliation of the shares used in the basic and diluted net income per share computation for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited (continued)

| Three months ended
(in thousands, except per share data) | December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018
| Basic |  | Diluted |  | Basic |  | Diluted
NUMERATOR: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income | $ | 13,477 |  |  | $ | 13,477 |  |  | $ | 7,517 |  |  | $ | 7,517 |
DENOMINATOR: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average shares outstanding - Basic | 63,557 |  |  | 63,557 |  |  | 67,176 |  |  | 67,176 |
Dilutive effect of Equity Plans |  |  | 582 |  |  |  |  | 675 |
Weighted average shares outstanding - Diluted |  |  |  | 64,139 |  |  |  |  |  | 67,851 |
EPS: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income per share - Basic | $ | 0.21 |  |  | $ | 0.21 |  |  | $ | 0.11 |  |  | $ | 0.11 |
Effect of dilutive shares |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  | — |
Net income per share - Diluted |  |  |  | $ | 0.21 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.11 |

NOTE 13: INCOME TAXES
The following table reflects the provision for income taxes and the effective tax rate for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:

| Three months ended
(in thousands) | December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018
Provision for income taxes | $ | 2,133 |  |  | $ | 10,570 |
Effective tax rate | 13.6 | % |  | 58.4 | %

The decrease in provision for income taxes and in effective tax rate for the three months ended December 28, 2019 as compared to the three months ended December 29, 2018 of $10.6 million was primarily related to a decrease in profits in fiscal 2019. The decrease in tax expense for the three months ended December 28, 2019 is primarily related to $7.7 million of provision for income taxes recorded in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 as an adjustment to the U.S. one-time transition tax.
For the three months ended December 28, 2019, the effective tax rate is lower than the U.S. federal statutory tax rate primarily due to tax benefits from foreign income earned in lower tax jurisdictions, tax incentives, and tax credits, partially offset by the foreign minimum tax, valuation allowances recorded against certain loss carryforwards, foreign withholding taxes, and tax liabilities from foreign operations.
It is reasonably possible that the amount of the unrecognized tax benefit with respect to certain unrecognized tax positions will increase or decrease during the next 12 months due to the expected lapse of statutes of limitation and / or settlements of tax examinations. Given the number of years and numerous matters that remain subject to examination in various tax jurisdictions, we cannot practicably estimate the timing or financial outcomes of these examinations.
NOTE 14: SEGMENT INFORMATION
Reportable segments are defined as components of an enterprise that engage in business activities for which discrete financial information is available and regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and to assess performance. The Company's Chief Executive Officer is the Company's chief operating decision maker. The chief operating decision maker does not review discrete asset information. The Company operates two reportable segments consisting of: (i) Capital Equipment; and (ii) Aftermarket Products and Services ("APS").
The following table reflects operating information by segment for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:
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KULICKE AND SOFFA INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited (continued)

| Three months ended
(in thousands) | December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018
Net revenue: |  |  |  |  |
Capital Equipment | $ | 102,324 |  |  | $ | 115,938 |
APS | 41,973 |  |  | 41,270 |
Net revenue | 144,297 |  |  | 157,208 |
Income from operations: |  |  |  |  |
Capital Equipment | 2,708 |  |  | 5,130 |
APS | 10,706 |  |  | 9,425 |
Income from operations | $ | 13,414 |  |  | $ | 14,555 |

The following table reflects capital expenditures, depreciation expense and amortization expense for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018.

| Three months ended
(in thousands) | December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018
Capital expenditures: |  |  |  |  |
Capital Equipment | $ | 1,075 |  |  | $ | 2,184 |
APS | 1,250 |  |  | 2,758 |
| $ | 2,325 |  |  | $ | 4,942 |
Depreciation expense: |  |  |  |  |
Capital Equipment | $ | 1,543 |  |  | $ | 1,738 |
APS | 1,399 |  |  | 1,154 |
| $ | 2,942 |  |  | $ | 2,892 |
Amortization expense: |  |  |
Capital Equipment | $ | 975 |  |  | $ | 1,007 |
APS | 842 |  |  | 870 |
| $ | 1,817 |  |  | $ | 1,877 |

NOTE 15: COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND CONCENTRATIONS
Warranty Expense
The Company's equipment is generally shipped with a one-year warranty against manufacturing defects. The Company establishes reserves for estimated warranty expense when revenue for the related equipment is recognized. The reserve for estimated warranty expense is based upon historical experience and management's estimate of future warranty costs, including product part replacement, freight charges and labor costs incurred in correcting product failures during the warranty period.
The following table reflects the reserve for warranty activity for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:

| Three months ended
(in thousands) | December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018
Reserve for warranty, beginning of period | $ | 14,185 |  |  | $ | 14,475 |
Provision for warranty | 3,495 |  |  | 3,086 |
Utilization of reserve | (2,966 | ) |  | (3,160 | )
Reserve for warranty, end of period | $ | 14,714 |  |  | $ | 14,401 |

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KULICKE AND SOFFA INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited (continued)
Other Commitments and Contingencies
The following table reflects obligations not reflected on the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheet as of December 28, 2019:

|  |  |  | Payments due by fiscal year
(in thousands) | Total |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2024 |  | thereafter
Inventory purchase obligation (1) | $ | 115,841 |  |  | $ | 115,841 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |

(1) | The Company orders inventory components in the normal course of its business. A portion of these orders are non-cancellable, however, some orders impose varying penalties and charges in the event of cancellation.

Concentrations
The following table reflects significant customer concentrations as a percentage of net revenue for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018.

| Three months ended
| December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018
Micron Technology, Inc | * |  | 18.5 | %

* Represented less than 10% of total net revenue
The following table reflects significant customer concentrations as a percentage of total accounts receivable as of December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:

| As of
| December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018
Xinye (HK) Electronics. Co (1) | 14.1 | % |  | * |
Forehope Electronic (Ningbo) Co., Ltd | 14.0 | % |  | * |
Super Power International (1) | 10.4 | % |  | 15.4 | %
Micron Technology, Inc | * |  |  | 17.7 | %
Haoseng Industrial Company Limited (1) | * |  |  | 15.5 | %

(1) Distributor of the Company's products.
* Represented less than 10% of total accounts receivable
NOTE 16: SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On January 22, 2020, the Company entered into foreign exchange forward contracts with notional amount of $12.8 million. The Company entered into these foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge a portion of our forecasted foreign currency-denominated expenses in the normal course of business and, accordingly, they are not speculative in nature. These foreign exchange forward contracts have maturities of up to twelve months.
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Item 2. - MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Forward-Looking Statements
In addition to historical information, this filing contains statements relating to future events or our future results. These statements are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and are subject to the safe harbor provisions created by statute. Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements with respect to our future revenue, increasing, continuing or strengthening, or decreasing or weakening, demand for our products, replacement demand, our research and development efforts, our ability to identify and realize new growth opportunities, our ability to control costs and our operational flexibility as a result of (among other factors):

• | projected growth rates in the overall semiconductor industry, the semiconductor assembly equipment market, and the market for semiconductor packaging materials; and

• | projected demand for ball, wedge bonder, advanced packaging and electronic assembly equipment and for tools, spare parts and services.

Generally, words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “plan,” “continue,” “goal” and “believe,” or the negative of or other variations on these and other similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are made only as of the date of this filing. We do not undertake to update or revise the forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and involve risks and uncertainties. Our future results could differ significantly from those expressed or implied by our forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, without limitation, those described below and under the heading “Risk Factors” in this report and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 28, 2019 (the “Annual Report”) and our other reports and registration statements filed from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements and Notes included in this report, as well as our audited financial statements included in the Annual Report.
We operate in a rapidly changing and competitive environment. New risks emerge from time to time and it is not possible for us to predict all risks that may affect us. Future events and actual results, performance and achievements could differ materially from those set forth in, contemplated by or underlying the forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date on which they were made. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement to reflect actual results or changes in, or additions to, the factors affecting such forward-looking statement. Given those risks and uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as predictions of actual results.
OVERVIEW
Kulicke and Soffa Industries, Inc. ("We", the "Company" or "K&S") designs, manufactures and sells capital equipment and tools used to assemble semiconductor devices, including integrated circuits (“ICs”), high and low powered discrete devices, light-emitting diodes (“LEDs”), and power modules. In addition, we have a portfolio of equipment that are used to assemble components onto electronic circuit boards. We also service, maintain, repair and upgrade our equipment. Our customers primarily consist of semiconductor device manufacturers, integrated device manufacturers ("IDMs"), outsourced semiconductor assembly and test providers (“OSATs”), other electronics manufacturers and automotive electronics suppliers.
Our goal is to be the technology leader and the most competitive supplier in terms of cost and performance in each of our major product lines. Accordingly, we invest in research and engineering projects intended to enhance our position as a leader in the semiconductor assembly technology. We also remain focused on our cost structure through continuous improvement and optimization of operations. Cost reduction efforts are an important part of our normal ongoing operations and are intended to generate savings without compromising overall product quality and service levels.
The Company operates two reportable segments consisting of: Capital Equipment and Aftermarket Products and Services ("APS"). The Company has aggregated twelve operating segments as of December 28, 2019, with six operating segments within the Capital Equipment reportable segment and six operating segments within APS reportable segment.
Our Capital Equipment segment is comprised of the manufacturing and selling of ball bonders, wafer level bonders, wedge bonders, advanced packaging and electronic assembly solutions to semiconductor device manufacturers, IDMs, OSATs, other electronics manufacturers and automotive electronics suppliers. Our APS segment is comprised of the manufacturing and selling of a variety
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of tools for a broad range of semiconductor packaging applications, spare parts, equipment repair, maintenance and servicing, training services, refurbishment and upgrades for our equipment.
Business Environment
The semiconductor business environment is highly volatile and is driven by internal dynamics, both cyclical and seasonal, in addition to macroeconomic forces. Over the long term, semiconductor consumption has historically grown, and is forecast to continue to grow. This growth is driven, in part, by regular advances in device performance and by price declines that result from improvements in manufacturing technology. In order to exploit these trends, semiconductor manufacturers, both IDMs and OSATs, periodically invest aggressively in latest generation capital equipment. This buying pattern often leads to periods of excess supply and reduced capital spending—the so-called semiconductor cycle. Within this broad semiconductor cycle there are also, generally weaker, seasonal effects that are specifically tied to annual, end-consumer purchasing patterns. Typically, semiconductor manufacturers prepare for heightened demand by adding or replacing equipment capacity by the end of the September quarter. Occasionally, this results in subsequent reductions in the December quarter. This annual seasonality can be overshadowed by effects of the broader semiconductor cycle. Macroeconomic factors also affect the industry, primarily through their effect on business and consumer demand for electronic devices, as well as other products that have significant electronic content such as automobiles, white goods, and telecommunication equipment.
The U.S. and several other countries have levied tariffs on certain goods and have introduced other trade restrictions, which has resulted in uncertainties in the semiconductor, LED, memory and automotive market with a resulting softening demand. While the Company anticipates long-term growth in semiconductor consumption, the softening in demand, which began in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, may continue through fiscal 2020.
Our Capital Equipment segment is primarily affected by the industry's internal cyclical and seasonal dynamics in addition to broader macroeconomic factors that can positively or negatively affect our financial performance. The sales mix of IDM and OSAT customers in any period also impacts financial performance, as changes in this mix can affect our products' average selling prices and gross margins due to differences in volume purchases and machine configurations required by each customer type.
Our APS segment has historically been less volatile than our Capital Equipment segment. APS sales are more directly tied to semiconductor unit consumption rather than capacity requirements and production capability improvements.
We continue to position our business to leverage our research and development leadership and innovation and to focus our efforts on mitigating volatility, improving profitability and ensuring longer-term growth. We remain focused on operational excellence, expanding our product offerings and managing our business efficiently throughout the business cycles. Our visibility into future demand is generally limited, forecasting is difficult, and we generally experience typical industry seasonality.
To limit potential adverse cyclical, seasonal and macroeconomic effects on our financial position, we have continued our efforts to maintain a strong balance sheet. As of December 28, 2019, our total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and short-term investments, net of short term borrowings, were $540.4 million, an $8.1 million increase from the prior fiscal year end. The bank overdraft line of credit facility allows us to meet our short-term funding needs, while we align our cash balances with our long term capital allocation strategy. We believe this strong cash position will allow us to continue to invest in product development and pursue non-organic opportunities.
Technology Leadership
We compete largely by offering our customers advanced equipment and expendable tools available for the interconnect processes. We believe our technology leadership contributes to the strong market positions of our ball bonder, wedge bonder and expendable tools products. To maintain our competitive advantage, we invest in product development activities designed to produce improvements to existing products and to deliver next-generation products. These investments often focus as much on improvements in the semiconductor assembly process as on specific pieces of assembly equipment or expendable tools. In order to generate these improvements, we typically work in close collaboration with customers, end users, and other industry members. In addition to producing technical advances, these collaborative development efforts strengthen customer relationships and enhance our reputation as a technology leader and solutions provider.
In addition to gold, silver alloy wire and aluminum wire, our leadership in the industry's use of copper wire for the bonding process is an example of the benefits of our collaborative efforts. By working with customers, material suppliers, and other equipment suppliers, we have developed a series of robust, high-yielding production processes, which have made copper wire widely accepted and significantly reduced the cost of assembling an integrated circuit.
Our leadership also has allowed us to maintain a competitive position in the latest generations of ball bonders. Gen-S is our smart bonder series and RAPID™ is the first product in the series to address the Industry 4.0 requirements. The key features of this
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series include Real-time Process & Performance Monitoring, Real-time Equipment Health Monitoring, Advanced Data Analytics & Traceability, Predictive Maintenance Monitoring & Analysis, and Detection & Enhanced Post-Bond Inspection.
We optimize our bonder platforms to deliver variants of our products to serve emerging high-growth markets. For example, we have developed extensions of our Gen-S platforms (Rapid™ MEM) to address opportunities in memory assembly, in particular for NAND Flash storage.
Our leading technology for wedge bonder equipment uses ribbon or heavy wire for different applications such as power electronics, automotive and semiconductor applications. The advanced interconnect capabilities of PowerFusion PS improve the processing of high-density power packages, due to an expanded bondable area, wider leadframe capability, indexing accuracy and teach mode. In all cases, we are making a concerted effort to develop commonality of subsystems and design practices, in order to improve performance and design efficiencies. We believe this will benefit us as it increases synergies between the various engineering product groups. Furthermore, we continually research adjacent market segments where our technologies could be used. Although many of these initiatives are in the early stages of development, some have already yielded results such as the Asterion™ hybrid wedge bonder which is built on an enhanced architecture that includes an expanded bond area, new robust pattern recognition capabilities and extremely tight process controls. Another example of our developing equipment for high-growth niche markets is our AT Premier PLUS. This machine utilizes a modified wire bonding process to mechanically place bumps on devices in a wafer format, for variants of the flip chip assembly process. Typical applications include complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (“CMOS”) image sensors, surface acoustical wave (“SAW”) filters and high brightness LEDs. These applications are commonly used in most, if not all, smartphones available in the market. We also have expanded the use of AT Premier PLUS for wafer level wire bonding for micro-electro-mechanical systems (“MEMS”) and other sensors.
Our technology leadership and bonding process know-how have enabled us to develop highly function-specific equipment with high throughput and accuracy. This forms the foundation for our advanced packaging equipment development. We established a dedicated team to develop and manufacture advanced packaging bonders for the emerging 2.5 dimensional integrated circuit (“2.5D IC”) and 3 dimensional integrated circuit (“3D IC”) markets. By reducing the interconnect dimensions, 2.5D ICs and 3D ICs are expected to provide form factor, performance and power efficiency enhancements over traditional flip-chip packages in production today. High-performance processing and memory applications, in addition to mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets, are anticipated to be earlier adopters of this new packaging technology.
We have also broadened our advanced packaging solutions for mass reflow to include flip chip, wafer level packaging ("WLP"), fan-out wafer level packaging ("FOWLP"), advanced package-on-package, embedded die, and System-in-Package ("SiP"). These solutions enable us to diversify our business while further expanding market reach into the automotive, LED lighting, medical and industrial segments with electronic assembly solutions.
In fiscal 2019, we entered into a new market, miniLED for display backlighting and direct emitting display, with the recent launch of PIXALUX TM. The PIXALUX TM is a high speed die placement equipment with the potential for mass production of market-ready solutions for miniLED placement in the market. MiniLEDs are potentially used in TV, IT display, large display, signage display, consumer display and automotive markets. We expect the usage of miniLED to grow significantly over the next few years.
We bring the same technology focus to our APS business, driving tool design and manufacturing technology to optimize the performance and process capability of the equipment in which our tools are used. For all our equipment products, expendable tools are an integral part of their process capability. We believe our unique ability to simultaneously develop both equipment and tools, spare parts and services is a core strength supporting our products' technological differentiation.
Product and Services
The following tables reflect net revenue by business segment for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:

| Three months ended
| December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018
(dollar amounts in thousands) | Net revenues |  | % of total net revenue |  | Net revenues |  | % of total net revenue
Capital Equipment | $ | 102,324 |  |  | 70.9 | % |  | $ | 115,938 |  |  | 73.7 | %
APS | 41,973 |  |  | 29.1 | % |  | 41,270 |  |  | 26.3 | %
| $ | 144,297 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 157,208 |  |  | 100.0 | %

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
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The following tables reflect our income from operations for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:

| Three months ended |  |  |  |
(in thousands) | December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018 |  | $ Change |  | % Change
Net revenue | $ | 144,297 |  |  | $ | 157,208 |  |  | $ | (12,911 | ) |  | (8.2 | )%
Cost of sales | 73,933 |  |  | 82,409 |  |  | (8,476 | ) |  | (10.3 | )%
Gross profit | 70,364 |  |  | 74,799 |  |  | (4,435 | ) |  | (5.9 | )%
Selling, general and administrative | 28,658 |  |  | 30,441 |  |  | (1,783 | ) |  | (5.9 | )%
Research and development | 28,292 |  |  | 29,803 |  |  | (1,511 | ) |  | (5.1 | )%
Operating expenses | 56,950 |  |  | 60,244 |  |  | (3,294 | ) |  | (5.5 | )%
Income from operations | $ | 13,414 |  |  | $ | 14,555 |  |  | $ | (1,141 | ) |  | (7.8 | )%

Our net revenues for the three months ended December 28, 2019 decreased as compared to our net revenues for the three months ended December 29, 2018. The decrease in net revenue was primarily due to lower volume as a result of lower demand from our customers, particularly in our Capital Equipment segment.
The semiconductor industry is volatile and our operating results are adversely impacted by volatile worldwide economic conditions. Though the semiconductor industry's cycle can be independent of the general economy, global economic conditions may have a direct impact on demand for semiconductor units and ultimately demand for semiconductor capital equipment and expendable tools. Accordingly, our business and financial performance is impacted, both positively and negatively, by fluctuations in the macroeconomic environment. Our visibility into future demand is generally limited and forecasting is difficult. There can be no assurances regarding levels of demand for our products and we believe historic industry-wide volatility will persist.
The U.S. and other foreign countries have levied tariffs on certain goods and have introduced retaliatory measures or other trade restrictions, which has resulted in uncertainties in the semiconductor, LED, memory and automotive markets. While the Company anticipates long-term growth in semiconductor consumption, the softening in demand, which began in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, may continue through fiscal 2020.
Net Revenue
Approximately 91.7% and 93.4% of our net revenue for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018, respectively, was for shipments to customer locations outside of the U.S., primarily in the Asia/Pacific region. In the Asia/Pacific region, our customer base has also become more geographically concentrated as a result of economic and industry conditions. Approximately 50.3% and 37.7% of our net revenue for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018, respectively, was for shipments to customers located in China.
The following tables reflect net revenue by business segment for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:

| Three months ended |  |  |  |
(in thousands) | December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018 |  | $ Change |  | % Change
Capital Equipment | $ | 102,324 |  |  | $ | 115,938 |  |  | $ | (13,614 | ) |  | (11.7 | )%
APS | 41,973 |  |  | 41,270 |  |  | 703 |  |  | 1.7 | %
Total net revenue | $ | 144,297 |  |  | $ | 157,208 |  |  | $ | (12,911 | ) |  | (8.2 | )%

Capital Equipment
The following table reflects the components of Capital Equipment net revenue change between the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:
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| December 28, 2019 vs. December 29, 2018
| Three months ended
(in thousands) | Price |  | Volume |  | $ Change
Capital Equipment | $ | (5,014 | ) |  | $ | (8,600 | ) |  | $ | (13,614 | )

For the three months ended December 28, 2019, the lower Capital Equipment net revenue as compared to the prior year period was primarily due to lower volume and unfavorable price variance. The lower sales volume was primarily due to the lower market demand in power discrete and battery application. The price decrease is primarily due to unfavorable customer and product mix.
APS
The following table reflects the components of APS net revenue change between the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:

| December 28, 2019 vs. December 29, 2018
| Three months ended
(in thousands) | Price |  | Volume |  | $ Change
APS | $ | (536 | ) |  | $ | 1,239 |  |  | $ | 703 |

For the three months ended December 28, 2019, the higher APS net revenue as compared to the prior year period was primarily due to higher volume as a result of increased utilization of our products. This is partially offset by the price reduction in wedge bonding tools business.
Gross Profit
The following tables reflect gross profit by reportable segment for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:

| Three months ended |  |  |  |
(in thousands) | December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018 |  | $ Change |  | % Change
Capital Equipment | $ | 46,254 |  |  | $ | 50,931 |  |  | $ | (4,677 | ) |  | (9.2 | )%
APS | 24,110 |  |  | 23,868 |  |  | 242 |  |  | 1.0 | %
Total gross profit | $ | 70,364 |  |  | $ | 74,799 |  |  | $ | (4,435 | ) |  | (5.9 | )%

The following tables reflect gross profit as a percentage of net revenue by reportable segments for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:

| Three months ended |  | Basis Point
| December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018 |  | Change
Capital Equipment | 45.2 | % |  | 43.9 | % |  | 130 |
APS | 57.4 | % |  | 57.8 | % |  | (40 | )
Total gross margin | 48.8 | % |  | 47.6 | % |  | 120 |

For the three months ended December 28, 2019, the higher gross profit margin as compared to the prior year period was primarily due to higher gross margin from Capital Equipment as a result of change in product mix.
Capital Equipment
The following table reflects the components of Capital Equipment gross profit change between the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:
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| December 28, 2019 vs. December 29, 2018
| Three months ended
(in thousands) | Price |  | Cost |  | Volume |  | $ Change
Capital Equipment | $ | (5,014 | ) |  | $ | 1,504 |  |  | $ | (1,167 | ) |  | $ | (4,677 | )

For the three months ended December 28, 2019, the lower Capital Equipment gross profit as compared to the prior year period was primarily due to lower volume and unfavorable price variance. The lower sales volume was primarily due to the lower market demand in power discrete and battery application. The price decrease is primarily due to unfavorable customer and product mix. The lower volume and unfavorable price variance were partially offset by lower manufacturing costs.
APS
The following table reflects the components of APS gross profit change between the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:

| December 28, 2019 vs. December 29, 2018
| Three months ended
(in thousands) | Price |  | Cost |  | Volume |  | $ Change
APS | $ | (536 | ) |  | $ | (394 | ) |  | $ | 1,172 |  |  | $ | 242 |

For the three months ended December 28, 2019, the higher APS gross profit as compared to the prior year period was primarily due to higher volume as a result of increased utilization of our products. This is partially offset by the price reduction in wedge bonding tools business and lower cost.
Operating Expenses
The following tables reflect operating expenses as a percentage of net revenue for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:

| Three months ended |  | Basis point
| December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018 |  | change
Selling, general & administrative | 19.9 | % |  | 19.4 | % |  | 50
Research & development | 19.6 | % |  | 19.0 | % |  | 60
Total | 39.5 | % |  | 38.4 | % |  | 110

Selling, General and Administrative (“SG&A”)
For the three months ended December 28, 2019, lower SG&A expenses as compared to prior year period were primarily due to $1.5 million net favorable variance in foreign exchange and $1.1 million lower staff costs as a result of decrease in headcount. This was partially offset by $0.4 million higher severance expenses and $0.4 million net favorable change in doubtful debt accounts in prior year period as we were able to collect balances from a customer that were previously reserved.
Research and Development (“R&D”)
For the three months ended December 28, 2019, lower R&D expenses as compared to prior year period were primarily due to lower staff costs as a result of decrease in headcount.
Interest Income and Expense
The following tables reflect interest income and interest expense for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:

| Three months ended |  |  |  |
(in thousands) | December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018 |  | $ Change |  | % Change
Interest income | $ | 2,839 |  |  | $ | 3,826 |  |  | $ | (987 | ) |  | (25.8 | )%
Interest expense | $ | (583 | ) |  | $ | (251 | ) |  | $ | (332 | ) |  | 132.3 | %

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For the three months ended December 28, 2019, interest income was lower as compared to the prior year period. This was primarily due to lower short-term investments and lower interest rates.
Interest expense for the three months ended December 29, 2018 was attributable to the interest on the financing obligation relating to our corporate headquarters, which was incurred subsequent to the completion of the building in December 2013.
Interest expense for the three months ended December 28, 2019, was primarily related to interest on the Overdraft Facility. (Refer to Note 9 of Item 1)
Provision for Income Taxes
The following table reflects the provision for income taxes and the effective tax rate for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:

| Three months ended
(in thousands) | December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018
Provision for income taxes | $ | 2,133 |  |  | $ | 10,570 |
Effective tax rate | 13.6 | % |  | 58.4 | %

Please refer to Note 13 of Item 1 for discussion on the provision for income taxes and the effective tax rate for the three months ended December 28, 2019 as compared to the prior year period.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The following table reflects total cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments as of December 28, 2019 and September 28, 2019:

| As of |  |
(dollar amounts in thousands) | December 28, 2019 |  | September 28, 2019 |  | Change
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 497,374 |  |  | $ | 364,184 |  |  | $ | 133,190 |
Short-term investments | 119,000 |  |  | 229,000 |  |  | (110,000 | )
Total cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments | $ | 616,374 |  |  | $ | 593,184 |  |  | $ | 23,190 |
Percentage of total assets | 55.1 | % |  | 54.9 | % |  |  |

The following table reflects a summary of the Consolidated Condensed Statement of Cash Flow information for the three months ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:

| Three months ended
(in thousands) | December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 25,028 |  |  | $ | 56,001 |
Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities | 106,487 |  |  | (65,273 | )
Net cash provided by /(used in) financing activities | 2,152 |  |  | (33,916 | )
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | (477 | ) |  | (18 | )
Changes in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | 133,190 |  |  | $ | (43,206 | )
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period | 364,184 |  |  | 321,148 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | $ | 497,374 |  |  | $ | 277,942 |

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Three months ended December 28, 2019
Net cash provided by operating activities was primarily due to net income of $13.5 million and non-cash adjustments to net income of $11.9 million and the decrease in net change in operating assets and liabilities of $0.4 million. The decrease in net change in operating assets and liabilities was primarily driven by a increase in inventory of $7.0 million, and an increase in accounts and notes receivables of $3.0 million. This was partially offset by an increase in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities of $8.0 million, and an increase of income tax payable of $1.0 million.
The increase in inventory was due to higher manufacturing activities in first quarter of fiscal 2020 as compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 in anticipation of higher demand in subsequent period. The increase in accounts receivable was due to higher sales in the first quarter of fiscal 2020 as compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019. The higher accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities was primarily due to higher purchases made in the first quarter of fiscal 2020. The increase in income tax payable was mainly due to additional tax payable.
Net cash provided by investing activities was due to net redemption of short-term investments of $110.0 million. This was partially offset by capital expenditures of $2.2 million and an equity investment of $1.3 million.
Net cash used in financing activities was primarily due to proceeds from overdraft of $15.1 million. This was partially offset by common stock repurchases of $5.3 million and dividend payments of $7.6 million.
Three months ended December 29, 2018
Net cash provided by operating activities was primarily due to the increase in net change in operating assets and liabilities of $40.6 million, non-cash adjustments to net income of $7.8 million and net income of $7.5 million. The increase in net change in operating assets and liabilities was primarily driven by a decrease in accounts and notes receivable of $56.5 million related to the slower sales levels, increase in income tax payable of $9.9 million and a decrease in inventory of $5.4 million. This was partially offset by a decrease in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities of $32.9 million, also related to the slower sales levels.
The decrease in accounts receivable was due to higher sales in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018 as compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2019 as well as timing of collections. The increase in income tax payable was mainly due to additional tax payable. The decrease in inventory was due to lower manufacturing activities in first quarter of fiscal 2019 as compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018. The lower accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities was primarily due to lower accruals on incentive compensation and other bonuses as a result of payment made in the first quarter of fiscal 2019.
Net cash used in investing activities was due to net purchases of short-term investments of $62.0 million, and capital expenditures of $3.3 million.
Net cash used in financing activities was primarily due to common stock repurchases of $25.7 million and dividend payment of $8.1 million.
Fiscal 2020 Liquidity and Capital Resource Outlook
We expect our aggregate fiscal 2020 capital expenditures to be between $18.0 million and $22.0 million, of which approximately $2.3 million has been incurred through the first quarter. The actual amounts for 2020 will vary depending on market conditions. Expenditures are anticipated to be primarily used for R&D projects, enhancements to our manufacturing operations in Asia, improvements to our information technology infrastructure and leasehold improvements for our facilities.
We believe that our existing cash and investments, existing Facility Agreement with MUFG Bank, Ltd., and anticipated cash flows from operations will be sufficient to meet our liquidity and capital requirements for at least the next twelve months. Our liquidity is affected by many factors, some based on normal operations of our business and others related to global economic conditions and industry uncertainties, which we cannot predict. We also cannot predict economic conditions or industry downturns or the timing, strength or duration of recoveries. We intend to continue to use our cash for working capital needs and for general corporate purposes.
We may seek, as we believe appropriate, additional debt or equity financing that would provide capital for corporate purposes, working capital funding, additional liquidity needs or to fund future growth opportunities, including possible acquisitions. The timing and amount of potential capital requirements cannot be determined at this time and will depend on a number of factors, including our actual and projected demand for our products, semiconductor and semiconductor capital equipment industry conditions, competitive factors, and the condition of financial markets.
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As of December 28, 2019 and September 28, 2019, approximately $612.0 million and $591.3 million of cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments were held by the Company's foreign subsidiaries, respectively, and are expected to be available for use in the U.S. without incurring additional income tax.
The Company’s international operations and capital requirements are anticipated to be funded primarily by cash generated by foreign operating activities and cash held by foreign subsidiaries. Most of the Company's operations and liquidity needs are outside the U.S. The Company’s U.S. operations and capital requirements are anticipated to be funded primarily by cash generated from U.S. operating activities, and by our existing Facility Agreement with MUFG Bank, Ltd. In the future, the Company may repatriate additional cash held by foreign subsidiaries that has already been subject to U.S. income taxes. We believe these sources of cash and liquidity are sufficient to meet our business needs in the U.S. for the foreseeable future including funding of U.S. operations, capital expenditures, repayment of outstanding balances under the Facility Agreement with MUFG Bank, Ltd., the dividend program, and the share repurchase program as approved by the Board of Directors.
We believe that our existing cash and investments, existing Facility Agreement with MUFG Bank, Ltd., and anticipated cash flows from operations will be sufficient to meet our liquidity and capital requirements for at least the next twelve months. Our liquidity is affected by many factors, some based on normal operations of our business and others related to global economic conditions and industry uncertainties, which we cannot predict. We also cannot predict economic conditions or industry downturns or the timing, strength or duration of recoveries. We intend to continue to use our cash for working capital needs and for general corporate purposes.
We may seek, as we believe appropriate, additional debt or equity financing that would provide capital for corporate purposes, working capital funding, additional liquidity needs or to fund future growth opportunities, including possible acquisitions. The timing and amount of potential capital requirements cannot be determined at this time and will depend on a number of factors, including our actual and projected demand for our products, semiconductor and semiconductor capital equipment industry conditions, competitive factors, and the condition of financial markets.
Share Repurchase Program
On August 15, 2017, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a program (the "Program") to repurchase up to $100 million in total of the Company’s common stock on or before August 1, 2020. On July 10, 2018, the Board of Directors increased the share repurchase authorization under the Program to $200 million. On January 31, 2019, the Board of Directors further increased the share repurchase under the Program to $300 million. The Company has entered into a written trading plan under Rule 10b5-1 of the Exchange Act to facilitate repurchases under the Program. The Program may be suspended or discontinued at any time and is funded using the Company's available cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments. Under the Program, shares may be repurchased through open market and/or privately negotiated transactions at prices deemed appropriate by management. The timing and amount of repurchase transactions under the Program depend on market conditions as well as corporate and regulatory considerations. During the three months ended December 28, 2019, the Company repurchased a total of 0.2 million shares of common stock under the Program at a cost of $5.4 million. As of December 28, 2019, our remaining stock repurchase authorization under the Program was approximately $91.8 million.
Dividends
On December 12, 2019, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.12 per share of common stock. Dividends paid during the three months ended December 28, 2019 totaled $7.6 million. The declaration of any future cash dividend is at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend on the Company's financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, business conditions and other factors, as well as a determination that such dividends are in the best interests of the Company's stockholders.
Other Obligations and Contingent Payments
In accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, certain obligations and commitments are not required to be included in the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets and Statements of Operations. These obligations and commitments, while entered into in the normal course of business, may have a material impact on our liquidity and are disclosed in the table below.
As of December 28, 2019, the Company has deferred tax liabilities of $33.2 million and unrecognized tax benefits within the income tax payable for uncertain tax positions of $13.2 million, inclusive of accrued interest on uncertain tax positions of $1.5 million. These amounts are not included in the table below because we are unable to reasonably estimate the timing of these payments at this time.
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The following table presents certain payments due by the Company under contractual obligations with minimum firm commitments as of December 28, 2019:

|  |  | Payments due in
(in thousands) | Total |  | Less than 1 year |  | 1 - 3 years |  | 3 - 5 years |  | More than 5 years
Inventory purchase obligations (1) | $ | 115,841 |  |  | $ | 115,841 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
U.S. one-time transition tax payable (2) (reflected on our Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets) | 72,401 |  |  | 5,175 |  |  | 12,213 |  |  | 18,607 |  |  | 36,406 |
Asset retirement obligations (3) (reflected on our Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets) | 1,663 |  |  | 126 |  |  | 322 |  |  | 1,087 |  |  | 128 |
Total | $ | 189,905 |  |  | $ | 121,142 |  |  | $ | 12,535 |  |  | $ | 19,694 |  |  | $ | 36,534 |

(1) | We order inventory components in the normal course of our business. A portion of these orders are non-cancellable and a portion may have varying penalties and charges in the event of cancellation.

(2) | Associated with the U.S. one-time transition tax on certain earnings and profits of our foreign subsidiaries in relation to the TCJA.

(3) | Asset retirement obligations are associated with commitments to return the property to its original condition upon lease termination at various sites.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Bank Guarantees
On November 22, 2013, the Company obtained a $5.0 million credit facility with Citibank in connection with the issuance of bank guarantees for operational purposes. As of December 28, 2019, the outstanding amount is $3.3 million.
Credit facilities
On February 15, 2019, the Company entered into a Facility Letter and Overdraft Agreement (collectively, the “Facility Agreements”) with MUFG Bank, Ltd., Singapore Branch (the “Bank”). The Facility Agreements provide the Company with an overdraft line of credit facility of up to $150.0 million (the “Overdraft Facility”) for general corporate purposes. Amounts outstanding under the Overdraft Facility, including interest, are payable upon thirty days written demand by the Bank. Interest on the Overdraft Facility is calculated on a daily basis, and the applicable interest rate is calculated at the overnight U.S. Dollar LIBOR rate plus a margin of 1.5% per annum. The Overdraft Facility is an unsecured facility per the terms of the Facility Agreements. The Facility Agreements contain customary non-financial covenants, including, without limitation, covenants that restrict the Company’s ability to sell or dispose of its assets, cease owning at least 51% of one of its subsidiaries (the "Subsidiary"). or encumber its assets with material security interests (including any pledge of monies in the Subsidiary’s cash deposit account with the Bank). The Facility Agreements also contain typical events of default, including, without limitation, non-payment of financial obligations when due, cross defaults to other material indebtedness of the Company or any breach of a representation or warranty under the Facility Agreements. As of December 28, 2019, the outstanding amount is $76.0 million.
As of December 28, 2019, we did not have any other off-balance sheet arrangements, such as contingent interests or obligations associated with variable interest entities.
Item 3. - QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Interest Rate Risk
Our available-for-sale securities, if applicable, may consist of short-term investments in highly rated debt instruments of the U.S. Government and its agencies, financial institutions, and corporations. We continually monitor our exposure to changes in interest rates and credit ratings of issuers with respect to any available-for-sale securities and target an average life to maturity of less than 18 months. Accordingly, we believe that the effects on us of changes in interest rates and credit ratings of issuers are limited and would not have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.
Foreign Currency Risk
Our international operations are exposed to changes in foreign currency exchange rates due to transactions denominated in currencies other than the location's functional currency. Our international operations are also exposed to foreign currency fluctuations that
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impact the remeasurement of net monetary assets of those operations whose functional currency, the U.S. dollar, differs from their respective local currencies, most notably in Israel, Singapore and Switzerland. In addition to net monetary remeasurement, we have exposures related to the translation of subsidiary financial statements from their functional currency, the local currency, into its reporting currency, the U.S. dollar, most notably in the Netherlands, China, Taiwan, Japan and Germany. Our U.S. operations also have foreign currency exposure due to net monetary assets denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar.
Based on our foreign currency exposure as of December 28, 2019, a 10.0% fluctuation could impact our financial position, results of operations or cash flows by $2.0 to $3.0 million. Our attempts to hedge against these risks may not be successful and may result in a material adverse impact on our financial results and cash flow.
We enter into foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge a portion of our forecasted foreign currency-denominated expenses in the normal course of business and, accordingly, they are not speculative in nature. These instruments generally mature within twelve months. We have foreign exchange forward contracts with a notional amount of $29.9 million outstanding as of December 28, 2019.
Item 4. - CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 28, 2019. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of December 28, 2019 our disclosure controls and procedures were effective in providing reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms and (ii) accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP.
In connection with the evaluation by our management, including with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of our internal control over financial reporting, no changes during the three months ended December 28, 2019 were identified to have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1A. - RISK FACTORS
Certain Risks Related to Our Business
There have been no material changes from the risk factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors”, of our 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 2. - UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
The following table summarizes the repurchases of common stock during the three months ended December 28, 2019 (in millions, except number of shares, which are reflected in thousands, and per share amounts):

Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased |  | Average Price Paid Per Share |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs |  | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (1)
September 29, 2019 to October 26, 2019 |  | 111 |  |  | $ | 23.23 |  |  | 111 |  |  | $ | 94.6 |
October 27, 2019 to November 30 , 2019 |  | 77 |  |  | $ | 24.26 |  |  | 77 |  |  | $ | 92.7 |
December 1, 2019 to December 28, 2019 |  | 36 |  |  | $ | 25.59 |  |  | 36 |  |  | $ | 91.8 |
For the three months ended December 28, 2019 |  | 224 |  |  |  |  | 224 |  |  |

(1) On August 15, 2017, the Company's Board of Directors authorized a program (the "Program") to repurchase of up to $100 million in total of the Company's common stock on or before August 1, 2020. On July 10, 2018, the Board of Directors increased the share repurchase authorization under the Program to $200 million. On January 31, 2019, the Board of Directors further increased the share repurchase under the Program to $300 million. The Company may purchase shares of its common stock through open market and privately negotiated transactions at prices deemed appropriate by management. The Company has entered into a written trading plan under Rule 10b5-1 of the Exchange Act to facilitate repurchases under the Program. The Program may be suspended or discontinued at any time and will be funded using the Company's available cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments. The timing and amount of repurchase transactions under the Program depend on market conditions as well as corporate and regulatory considerations.
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Item 6. - EXHIBITS

Exhibit No. |  | Description
31.1 |  | Certification of Fusen Chen, Chief Executive Officer of Kulicke and Soffa Industries, Inc., pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a).
31.2 |  | Certification of Lester Wong, Chief Financial Officer of Kulicke and Soffa Industries, Inc., pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a).
32.1 |  | Certification of Fusen Chen, Chief Executive Officer of Kulicke and Soffa Industries, Inc., pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2 |  | Certification of Lester Wong, Chief Financial Officer of Kulicke and Soffa Industries, Inc., pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS |  | Inline xBRL Instance Document.
101.SCH |  | Inline xBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL |  | Inline xBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF |  | Inline xBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB |  | Inline xBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE |  | Inline xBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104 |  | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline xBRL and contained in Exhibit 101.INS).

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

| KULICKE AND SOFFA INDUSTRIES, INC.
Date: January 31, 2020 | By: | /s/ LESTER WONG
|  | Lester Wong
|  | Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and General Counsel

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EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit No. |  | Description
31.1 |  | Certification of Fusen Chen, Chief Executive Officer of Kulicke and Soffa Industries, Inc., pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule15d-14(a).
31.2 |  | Certification of Lester Wong, Chief Financial Officer of Kulicke and Soffa Industries, Inc., pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a).
32.1 |  | Certification of Fusen Chen, Chief Executive Officer of Kulicke and Soffa Industries, Inc., pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2 |  | Certification of Lester Wong, Chief Financial Officer of Kulicke and Soffa Industries, Inc., pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS |  | Inline xBRL Instance Document.
101.SCH |  | Inline xBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL |  | Inline xBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF |  | Inline xBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB |  | Inline xBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE |  | Inline xBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104 |  | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline xBRL and contained in Exhibit 101.INS).

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