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14. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [abstract]  
Schedule of financial instruments
Classification of financial instruments

 

                            Consolidated
Consolidated           12/31/2020       12/31/2019
  Notes   Fair value through profit or loss   Measured at amortized cost   Balances   Fair value through profit or loss   Measured at amortized cost   Balances
             
Assets                            
Current                            
Cash and cash equivalents    4        9,944,586   9,944,586        1,088,955   1,088,955
Short-term investments    5   3,305,109   478,253   3,783,362   2,114,620   518,553   2,633,173
Trade receivables    6        2,867,352   2,867,352        2,047,931   2,047,931
Dividends and interest on equity    9          38,088     38,088          44,554     44,554
Derivative financial instruments    9                   1,364         1,364
Trading securities    9    5,065         5,065    4,034         4,034
Total       3,310,174    13,328,279    16,638,453   2,120,018   3,699,993   5,820,011
                             
Non-current                            
Investments    5        123,409   123,409          95,719     95,719
Other trade receivables    9         2,445    2,445         7,059    7,059
Eletrobrás compulsory loan    9        852,532   852,532        845,284   845,284
Receivables by indemnity    9        517,183   517,183               
Loans - related parties    9        966,050   966,050        846,300   846,300
Investments     10     59,879          59,879     47,300          47,300
Derivative financial instruments    9                   4,203         4,203
Total         59,879   2,461,619   2,521,498     51,503   1,794,362   1,845,865
                             
Total Assets       3,370,053    15,789,898    19,159,951   2,171,521   5,494,355   7,665,876
                             
Liabilities                              
Current                            
Borrowings and financing      13        4,155,483   4,155,483        5,152,234   5,152,234
Trade payables     17        4,819,539   4,819,539        3,012,654   3,012,654
Trade payables -  drawee risk     15        623,861   623,861        1,121,312   1,121,312
Dividends and interest on capital     15        946,133   946,133          13,252     13,252
Leases     16          93,626     93,626          35,040     35,040
Derivative financial instruments        8,722         8,722               
Total        8,722    10,638,642    10,647,364        9,334,492   9,334,492
                             
Non-current                            
Borrowings and financing      13         31,215,128    31,215,128         22,938,469    22,938,469
Trade payables     17       543,527   543,527               
Derivative financial instruments         97,535          97,535               
Leases     16        436,505   436,505        439,350   439,350
Total         97,535    32,195,160    32,292,695         23,377,819    23,377,819
                             
Total Liabilities       106,257    42,833,802    42,940,059         32,712,311    32,712,311
Schedule of financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss

The table below shows the financial instruments recorded at fair value through profit or loss, classifying them according to the fair value hierarchy:

 

Consolidated           12/31/2020           12/31/2019
  Level 1   Level 2   Balances   Level 1   Level 2   Balances
Assets                        
Current                        
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss                        
Financial investments     3,305,109        3,305,109     2,114,620        2,114,620
Derivative financial instruments                   1,364     1,364
Trading securities   5,065         5,065   4,034         4,034
Non-current                        
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss                        
Investments    59,879       59,879    47,300       47,300
Derivative financial instruments                   4,203     4,203
Total Assets     3,370,053        3,370,053     2,165,954   5,567    2,171,521
                         
Liabilities                        
Current                        
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss                        
Derivative financial instruments       8,722     8,722            
Non-current                        
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss                        
Derivative financial instruments        97,535   97,535            
Total Liabilities         106,257    106,257            
Schedule of other Operating Income and Expenses

In accordance with the Company’s policy, the gains and losses arising from the variation in the share price are recorded directly in the income statement as financial result in the case of financial investments, or as other operating income and expenses in the case of long-term investments.

 

Class of shares   12/31/2020   12/31/2019   12/31/2020   12/31/2019
  Quantity   Equity interest (%)   Share price   Closing Balance   Quantity   Equity interest (%)   Share price   Closing Balance   Fair value adjustment recognized in profit or loss (note 27 and 28)
USIM3    107,156,651   15.19%    15.69   1,681,288    107,156,651   15.19%   9.87     1,057,636    623,652   (168,236)
USIM5    111,144,456   20.29%    14.61   1,623,821    111,144,456   20.29%   9.51     1,056,984    566,837   32,232
                3,305,109                 2,114,620    1,190,489   (136,004)
PATI3     2,065,529   11.31%    28.99     59,879     2,065,529   11.31%    22.90    47,300   12,579   17,224
                3,364,988                 2,161,920    1,203,068   (118,780)
Schedule of foreign exchange exposure

The consolidated net exposure as of December 31, 2020 is shown below:

 

        12/31/2020
Foreign Exchange Exposure   (Amounts in US$’000)   (Amounts in €’000)
Cash and cash equivalents overseas   664,951   13,372
Trade receivables   387,039     2,560
Financial investments     23,748    
 Other assets     9,158     4,474
Total Assets   1,084,896   20,406
Borrowings and financing     (4,812,268)    
Trade payables    (139,672)   (9,258)
Iron ore derivative     (172)    
Other liabilities     (9,305)   (1,010)
Total Liabilities    (4,961,417)    (10,268)
Foreign exchange exposure    (3,876,521)   10,138
Cash flow hedge accounting   3,992,200    
Exchange rate swap CDI x Dollar    (67,000)    
Net foreign exchange exposure     48,679   10,138
Schedule of currencies used in sensitivity analysis

The currencies used in the sensitivity analysis and their respective scenarios are shown below:

 

                12/31/2020
Currency   Exchange rate   Probable scenario   Scenario 1   Scenario 2
USD                       5.1967                5.2617          6.4959              7.7951
EUR                       6.3779                6.3867          7.9724              9.5669
USD x EUR                       1.2271                1.2124          1.5339              1.8407

Schedule of sensitivity analysis effects on exchange position

The effects on the result, considering scenarios 1 and 2 are shown below:

 

                    12/31/2020
Instruments   Notional   Risk   Probable scenario (*) R$
  Scenario 1 R$   Scenario 2 R$
                     
Gross exchange position   (3,876,521)   Dollar    (251,974)     (5,036,279)    (10,072,558)
                     
Cash flow hedge accounting    3,992,200   Dollar   259,493    5,186,566     10,373,133
                     
Exchange rate swap CDI x Dollar      (67,000)   Dollar     (4,355)    (87,045)   (174,089)
                     
Net exchange position   48,679   Dollar    3,164   63,242    126,486
                     
Net exchange position   10,138   Euro   89   16,165   32,330
                     
Exchange rate swap Dollar x Euro    40,697   Dollar    5,264   50,134   78,337

 

(*) The probable scenarios were calculated considering the following variations for risks: Real x Dollar - devaluation of the Real by 1.25% / Real x Euro - devaluation of the Real by 0.14% / Euro x Dollar - appreciation of Euro by 1.20%. Source: Central Bank of Brazil and European Central Bank quotations on 1/14/2021.

 

Schedule of sensitivity analysis effects on class of shares

The effects on the result, considering the probable scenarios, 1 and 2 are shown below:

 

        12/31/2020
Class of shares   Probable scenario   Scenario 1   Scenario 2
 USIM3    (84,064)    (420,322)    (840,644)
 USIM5    (81,191)    (405,955)    (811,910)
 PATI3      (2,994)   (14,970)   (29,940)

Schedule of sensitivity analysis of interest rate swaps

The interest rates used in the sensitivity analysis and their respective scenarios are shown below:

 

          12/31/2020
Interest   Interest Rate     Scenario 1   Scenario 2
CDI   1.90%     2.38%   2.85%
TJLP   4.55%     5.69%   6.38%
LIBOR   0.26%     0.32%   0.39%

 

The effects on the result, considering scenarios 1 and 2 are shown below:

 

                        Consolidated
                    Impact on profit or loss
Changes in interest rates   % p.a   Assets   Liabilities   Probable scenario (*)
  Scenario 1   Scenario 2
CDI     1.90    5,779,452    (9,104,416)     (10,673)   (15,794)   (31,588)
TJLP     4.55        (817,374)    (2,155)     (9,298)   (18,596)
Libor     0.26        (4,533,341)     (43,321)     (2,920)     (5,840)

 

(*) The sensitivity analysis is based on the premise of maintaining the market values as of December 31, 2020 as a probable scenario recorded in the company’s assets and liabilities.

Schedule of sensitivity analysis of price risks platts index

The effects on the result, considering scenarios 1 and 2 are shown below:

 

    12/31/2020
 Maturity     Probable scenario (*) R$     Scenario 1 R$     Scenario 2 R$ 
2/2/2021     (33,677)   (120,262)    (240,524)
3/2/2021     (43,144)   (127,915)    (255,830)
      (76,821)   (248,177)    (496,354)

(*) The probable scenario was calculated considering the quotation of “Platts” on 1/14/2021 for the maturities of 2/2/2021 and 3/2/2021. Source: Bloomberg.

Schedule of dollar x Euro swap

The Company has derivative transactions with Banco Bradesco to protect its debt in NCE raised in September 2019 with maturity in October 2023 in the amount of US$67 million (equivalent to R$278 million) at a cost compatible with that usually practiced by the Company.

 

Consolidated
12/31/2020
Appreciation (R$) Fair value (market) Impact on financial income (expenses) in 2020
Counterparties Maturity Functional Currency Notional amount Asset position Liability position Amounts receivable / (payable)
Exchange rate swap Dollar x Euro  04/26/2021 to 06/08/2021 Dollar  17,377   90,315   (93,823) (3,508)  (4,749)
Exchange rate swap Dollar x Euro  01/06/2021 a 06/11/2021 Dollar  23,320 121,207 (125,528) (4,321)  (4,321)
Total dollar-to-euro swap  40,697 211,522 (219,351) (7,829)  (9,070)
Exchange rate swap GBP x Euro  Settled GBP 3,956  (602)
Total Swap GBP x Euro 3,956  (602)
Exchange rate swap CDI x Dollar  02/10/2023 Dollar (67,000) 289,544 (387,079)  (97,535) (106,143)
Total Swap CDI x dollar (67,000) 289,544 (387,079)  (97,535) (106,143)
501,066 (606,430)   (105,364) (115,815)
Schedule of hedging instruments

The table below presents a summary of the relations of hedge as of December 31, 2020:

 

                                    12/31/2020
Designation Date   Hedging Instrument   Hedged item   Type of hedged risk   Hedged period   Exchange rate on designation   Designated amounts (US$’000)   Amortizated part (USD'000)   Effect on Result (*) (R$'000)   Impact on Shareholders' equity (R$'000)
12/18/2014   Export prepayments in US$ to third parties   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    May 2020    2.6805    30,000   (30,000)   (82,374)     -
12/18/2014   Export prepayments in US$ to third parties   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    May 2020    2.678    35,000   (35,000)   (96,190)     -
12/18/2014   Export prepayments in US$ to third parties   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    May 2020    2.676    35,000   (35,000)   (96,261)     -
07/21/2015   Export prepayments in US$ to third parties   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    July 2019 - March 2021    3.1813    60,000   (45,000)   (58,475)    (30,231)
07/23/2015   Export prepayments in US$ to third parties   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    July 2019 - March 2021    3.285     100,000   (75,000)   (92,026)    (47,793)
07/23/2015   Export prepayments in US$ to third parties   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    August 2018 - October 2022    3.285    30,000   (18,000)   (14,185)    (22,940)
07/24/2015   Export prepayments in US$ to third parties   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    August 2018 - October 2022    3.3254     100,000   (60,000)   (46,474)    (74,852)
07/27/2015   Export prepayments in US$ to third parties   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    August 2018 - October 2022    3.3557    25,000   (15,000)   (11,467)    (18,410)
07/27/2015   Export prepayments in US$ to third parties   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    August 2018 - October 2022    3.3557    70,000   (42,000)   (32,108)    (51,548)
07/27/2015   Export prepayments in US$ to third parties   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    August 2018 - October 2022    3.3557    30,000   (18,000)   (13,760)    (22,092)
07/28/2015   Export prepayments in US$ to third parties   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    August 2018 - October 2022    3.3815    30,000   (18,000)   (13,605)    (21,782)
3/8/2015   Export prepayments in US$ to third parties   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    July 2018 - October 2022    3.394     355,000    (276,500)    (338,777)     (141,512)
2/4/2018   Bonds   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    July 2018 - February 2023    3.3104     1,170,045    (820,045)    (306,189)     (660,205)
07/31/2019   Bonds and Export prepayments in US$ to third parties   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    January 2020 - April 2026    3.7649     1,342,761    (247,061)    (329,966)     (1,568,823)
10/1/2020   Bonds without express maturity and Export prepayments in US$ to third parties   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    March 2020 - December 2050    4.0745     1,416,000    (102,000)    (136,029)     (1,474,571)
01/28/2020   Bonds   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    March 2017 - January 2028    4.2064     1,000,000    -    -     (990,299)
Total                         5,828,806    (1,836,606)    (1,667,886)     (5,125,058)

(*) On December 31, 2020, the amount of (R$1,667,886) was recorded in Other Operating Expenses. As of December 31, 2019, (R$790,353).

Schedule of changes in hedge accounting

The changes in the hedge accounting amounts recognized in shareholders’ equity as of December 31, 2020 are as follows :

 

              Consolidated
  12/31/2019   Movement   Realization   12/31/2020
Cash flow hedge accounting         1,255,770           5,537,174          (1,667,886)           5,125,058
Schedule of reclassified to other operating income and expenses

The table below shows the result of the derivative instrument on December 31, 2020 recognized in Other Comprehensive Income and, when carrying out shipments, the amount reclassified to Other Operating Income and Expenses:

 

                12/31/2020           12/31/2020
         Appreciation (R$)     Fair value (market)     Other income and expenses     Other comprehensive income     Exchange variation 
 Maturity     Notional     Asset position     Liability position     Amounts receivable / (payable)       
09/02/2020 (Settled)    Platts                   (31,678)          (136)
10/02/2020 (Settled)    Platts                    (132,997)          (9,051)
11/04/2020 (Settled)    Platts                   (85,164)          (7,301)
12/02/2020 (Settled)    Platts                   (33,310)          52
2/2/2021    Platts    486,852    (493,925)     (7,073)       (6,888)     (185)
2/3/2021    Platts    527,684    (521,504)   6,180        6,063   117
        1,014,536    (1,015,429)     (893)     (283,149)   (825)   (16,504)
Schedule of changes in hedge accounting platts

The change in the amounts related to cash flow hedge accounting - “Platts” index recorded in shareholders’ equity on December 31, 2020 is shown as follows:

 

  12/31/2019   Movement   Realization   12/31/2020
Cash flow hedge accounting  –  “Platts”      283,974     (283,149)    825
 Income tax and social contribution on cash flow hedge accounting      (96,551)     96,271   (280)
Fair Value of cash flow accounting - Platts, net      187,423     (186,878)    545
Schedule of non-derivative financial liabilities

In order to eliminate this exposure and cover future fluctuations in the Euro on these loans, non-derivative financial liabilities were designated, represented by loan contracts with financial institutions in the amount of € 120 million which matured on January 31, 2020, when was settled financially.

 

                        12/31/2020
Designation Date   Hedging Instrument   Hedged item   Type of hedged risk   Exchange rate on designation   Designated amounts (EUR'000)   Impact on shareholders' equity
09/30/2015   Non-derivative financial liabilities in EUR – Debt contract   Investments in subsidiaries which EUR is the functional currency   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. EUR spot rate   4.0825              120,000             6,293
Total                              120,000             6,293
Schedule of balance sheet and statement of income
Classification of derivatives in the balance sheet and income

 

                        12/31/2020   12/31/2019
Instruments   Liabilities   Other operating income expenses   Other comprehensive income   Financial income (expenses), net (note 28)
  Current   Non-current   Total      
Exchange rate swap Dollar x Euro           (7,829)                                        (7,829)                                                                               (9,070)                  783
Exchange rate swap GBP x Euro                                                                                                                                                            (602)                         
Exchange rate swap CDI x Dollar                                       (97,535)        (97,535)                                                                           (106,143)               4,203
Iron ore derivative             (893)                                           (893)                (283,149)                        (825)            (16,504)                         
           (8,722)                (97,535)      (106,257)                (283,149)                        (825)          (132,319)               4,986
Schedule of contractual maturities of financial liabilities

The following are the contractual maturities of financial liabilities including interest.

 

                  Consolidated
At December 31, 2020 Less than one year   From one to two years   From two to five years   Over five years   Total
Borrowings, financing and debentures (note 13)         4,155,483         14,146,118           4,671,511         12,397,499         35,370,611
Lease Liabilities (note 16)              93,626              143,227              115,398              177,880              530,131
Derivative financial instruments (note 14 I)                8,722                                            97,535                                          106,257
Trade payables (note 17)         4,819,539              528,551                14,976                                       5,363,066
Trade payables – Drawee risk (note 14 I)            623,861                                                                                                  623,861
Dividends and interest on equity (note 15)            946,133                                                                                                  946,133
Total       10,647,364         14,817,896           4,899,420         12,575,379         42,940,059
Schedule of fair values of assets and liabilities

The estimated fair value for certain consolidated long-term borrowings and financing was calculated at current market rates, considering the nature, term and risks similar to those of the registered contracts, as follows:

 

      12/31/2020       12/31/2019
  Closing Balance   Fair value   Closing Balance   Fair value
Perpetual bonds             5,203,773            5,157,465               4,036,186            3,706,553
Fixed Rate Notes           15,067,341          15,744,067               8,090,297            8,345,471
Schedule of capital Management

The Company seeks to optimize its capital structure in order to reduce its financial costs and maximize the return to its shareholders. The table below shows the evolution of the Company’s consolidated capital structure, with financing by equity and third-party capital:

 

Thousands of reais   12/31/2020   12/31/2019
Shareholder's equity (equity)        11,251,505        11,361,932
Borrowings and Financing (Third-party capital)        35,270,653        27,967,036
Gross Debit/Shareholder's equity                   3.13                   2.46