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FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Notes and other explanatory information [abstract]  
Schedule of financial instruments
                               
                                Consolidated
            12/31/2024       12/31/2023
  Ref.   Fair value through profit or loss   Measured at amortized cost   Balances   Fair value through other comprehensive income   Fair value through profit or loss   Measured at amortized cost   Balances
               
Assets                                
Current                                
Cash and cash equivalents   3     23,310,197    23,310,197         16,046,218    16,046,218
Financial investments   4    860,591   50,787   911,378        1,493,204    39,800    1,533,004
Trade receivables   5    181,262   2,719,736    2,900,998         3,269,764    3,269,764
Dividends and interest on equity   8     201,436   201,436          185,178   185,178
Derivative financial instruments   8    152,967       152,967       32,211        32,211
Trading securities   8    2,947        2,947        7,198        7,198
Loans - related parties   22.a     5,315    5,315         5,316    5,316
Total        1,197,767   26,287,471    27,485,238      1,532,613   19,546,276    21,078,889
                                 
Non-current                                
Financial investments   4     169,977   169,977        251,299   251,299
Other trade receivables         1,888    1,888        10,406    10,406
Eletrobrás compulsory loan   8     51,012    51,012        62,913    62,913
Receivables by indemnity   8     790,914   790,914       992,577    992,577
Loans - related parties   22.a     1,903,028    1,903,028       1,659,412    1,659,412
Investments   9             78,737        78,737
Total         2,916,819    2,916,819     78,737   2,976,607    3,055,344
                                 
Total Assets        1,197,767   29,204,290    30,402,057      1,611,350   22,522,883    24,134,233
                                 
Liabilities                            
Current                                
Borrowings and financing    13     8,902,558    8,902,558       7,701,796    7,701,796
Lease liabilities   15     206,323   206,323        137,638   137,638
Trade payables   16     7,030,734    7,030,734       7,739,520    7,739,520
Trade payables - Forfaiting   16.a     2,902,593    2,902,593       4,209,434    4,209,434
Dividends and interest on capital   17     61,965    61,965        80,624    80,624
Derivative financial instruments   17            672,280   263,747       936,027
Total         19,104,173    19,104,173    672,280   263,747   19,869,012    20,805,039
                                 
Non-current                                
Borrowings and financing    13     48,656,020    48,656,020       37,772,116    37,772,116
Lease liabilities   15     633,982   633,982        596,123   596,123
Trade payables   16     43,263    43,263        31,060    31,060
Derivative financial instruments   14.c    157,857       157,857     60,468        60,468
Concessions to be paid   17     78,728    78,728        74,177    74,177
Total        157,857   49,411,993    49,569,850     60,468   38,473,476    38,533,944
                                 
Total Liabilities        157,857   68,516,166    68,674,023    672,280   324,215   58,342,488    59,338,983
Schedule of fair value hierarchy
                         
Consolidated           12/31/2024           12/31/2023
  Level 1   Level 2   Balances   Level 1   Level 2   Balances
Assets                        
Current                        
Financial investments   860,591       860,591   1,493,204        1,493,204
Trade receivables, net   181,262       181,262   576,538       576,538
Derivative financial instruments       152,967   152,967   32,211       32,211
Trading securities   2,947       2,947   7,198       7,198
Non-current                        
Investments               78,737       78,737
Total Assets   1,044,800   152,967    1,197,767   2,187,888    -     2,187,888
                         
Liabilities                        
Current                        
Derivative financial instruments                   263,747   263,747
Non-current                        
Derivative financial instruments       157,857   157,857       60,468   60,468
Total Liabilities    -    157,857   157,857    -    324,215   324,215
Schedule of net exposure
     
    12/31/2024 12/31/2023
Foreign Exchange Exposure   (Amounts in US$’000)   (Amounts in US$’000)
Cash and cash equivalents overseas    1,951,025    2,228,736
Trade receivables    58,296   292,028
Financial investments    270,038    15,597
Borrowings and financing    (5,983,492)   (5,615,893)
Trade payables   (284,843)   (524,622)
Others   (37,185)   (42,474)
Natural Gross Foreign Exchange Exposure (assets - liabilities)   (4,026,161)   (3,646,628)
Derivative financial instruments (*)    5,098,257    3,979,979
Net foreign exchange exposure    1,072,096   333,351
(*) Total notional value of derivative and non-derivative financial instruments used for exchange risk management.
Schedule of sensitivity analysis
               
                12/31/2024
Currency   Exchange rate   Probable scenario   Scenario 1   Scenario 2
USD    6.1923   5.7779   6.2560   5.0799
EUR    6.4363   6.0656   6.4654   5.3780
USD x EUR    1.0394   1.0498   1.0471   0.8606
Schedule of effects on scenarios 1 and 2
                   
                    12/31/2024
Instruments   Notional amount   Risk   Probable scenario (*) R$   Scenario 1 R$   Scenario 2 R$
Cash and cash equivalents overseas   1,951,025   Dollar   (139,931)   19,862    (427,219)
Trade receivables   58,296   Dollar   (4,181)    593    (12,765)
Financial investments   270,038   Dollar   (19,368)   2,749    (59,131)
Borrowings and financing     (5,983,492)   Dollar    429,145    (60,913)    1,310,215
Trade payables    (284,843)   Dollar    20,429    (2,900)   62,373
Others    (37,185)   Dollar    2,667   (379)    8,142
Derivative financial instruments   5,098,257   Dollar   (365,655)   51,902   (1,116,374)
Impact on profit or loss           (76,894)   10,914    (234,759)
(*) The probable scenarios were calculated considering the following variations for the risks: Real x Dollar - appreciation of 6.69% / Real x Euro - appreciation of the real by 5.76% / Euro x Dollar - depreciation of the dollar by 1.00%. Source: Central Bank of Brazil on February 26, 2025.
Schedule of changes in interest rates
           
            Consolidated
            12/31/2024
Interest   Interest rate   Scenario 1   Scenario 2
CDI   12.15%   13.72%   10.56%
TJLP   7.43%   8.11%   6.72%
IPCA   4.83%   5.60%   4.27%
SOFR 6M   4.25%   5.31%   0.51%
SOFR   4.49%   5.28%   0.30%
EURIBOR 3M   2.71%   4.22%   1.73%
EURIBOR 6M   2.57%   4.19%   2.27%
Schedule of effects on profit and loss
               
                Impact on balances on 12/31/2024
Changes in interest rates   % p.a   Assets   Liabilities   Probable scenario (*)   Scenario 1   Scenario 2
CDI   12.15%   9,268,751    (11,116,328)   (224,481)    (253,426)    (195,057)
TJLP   7.43%        (775,705)   (57,635)    (62,871)    (52,115)
IPCA   4.83%        (18,703)   (903)   (1,047)    (799)
SOFR 6M   4.25%       (4,411,472)   (187,488)    (234,120)    (22,423)
SOFR   4.49%       (3,992,233)   (179,251)    (210,660)    (12,141)
EURIBOR 3M   2.71%        (289,634)   (7,861)    (12,214)   (5,017)
EURIBOR 6M   2.57%        (19,550)   (502)    (819)    (445)
                (658,121)    (775,157)    (287,997)
(*) The sensitivity analysis is based on the premise of maintaining as a probable scenario the market values as of December 31, 2024 recorded in the Company's assets and liabilities.
Schedule of derivative instrument
                           
        12/31/2024   12/31/2023   12/31/2024   12/31/2023   12/31/2024   12/31/2023
        Other income and expenses (note 27)   Other comprehensive income   Impact on financial income/(expenses)
 Maturity    Notional      
11/01/2023 to 11/30/2023 (Settled)    Platts      (527,076)         (11,844)
12/01/2023 to 12/31/2023 (Settled)    Platts      (263,853)         599
01/01/2024 to 01/31/2024 (Settled)    Platts    (202,702)       (288,501)    (719)    4,477
02/01/2024 to 02/28/2024 (Settled)    Platts    (39,977)       (189,472)    (133)    3,370
03/01/2024 to 03/31/2024 (Settled)    Platts     248,710       (91,419)    5,132   889
04/01/2024 to 04/30/2024 (Settled)    Platts     192,625       (63,825)    9,922   789
05/01/2024 to 05/31/2024 (Settled)    Platts     81,139       (33,867)    5,244   365
06/01/2024 to 06/30/2024 (Settled)    Platts     173,111       (5,196)      32
         452,906   (790,929)   -    (672,280)    19,446   (1,323)
Schedule of changes in cash flow hedge accounting
               
  12/31/2023   Movement   Realization   12/31/2024
Cash flow hedge–“Platts”  (672,280)   1,125,186   (452,906)    
 Income tax and social contribution on cash flow hedge 228,575   (382,563)    153,988    
Fair Value of cash flow hedge - Platts, net  (443,705)    742,623   (298,918)    
Schedule of relations of hedge
                                   
                                    12/31/2024
Designation Date   Hedging Instrument   Hedged item   Type of hedged risk   Hedged period   Exchange rate on designation   Designated amounts (US$’000)   Amortizated part (USD'000)   Effect on Result (*) (R$'000)   Impact on Shareholders' equity (R$'000)
07/31/2019   Bonds and Export prepayments in US$ to third parties   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    January 2020 - April 2026    3.7649    1,342,761   (871,761)        (1,143,305)
01/10/2020   Bonds   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    March 2020 to November 2025 until December 2050    4.0745    1,416,000    (1,404,021)        (1,348,422)
01/28/2020   Bonds   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    March 2027 - January 2028    4.2064    1,000,000            (1,985,900)
06/01/2022   Bonds and Export prepayments in US$ to third parties   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    June 2022 - April 2032    4.7289    1,145,300   (237,210)   (121,533)    (1,328,899)
12/1/2022   Bonds   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    December 2022 - June 2031    5.0360   490,000   (37,000)       (523,804)
12/01/2022   Advance on foreign exchange contract   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    December 2022 - December 2025    5.2565   100,000            (93,580)
05/16/2024   Export Prepayments in US$ with third parties, ACC and Bonds   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    September 2024 - March 2035    5.1270    1,202,000   (119,761)   (103,407)    (1,153,260)
06/06/2024   Advance on foreign exchange contract   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    June 2024 - February 2025    5.2700    30,000            (27,669)
06/25/2024    Advance on foreign exchange contract     Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports     Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate     June 2024 - February 2025    5.4405    10,000            (7,518)
12/01/2022   Advance on foreign exchange contract   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    December 2022 - January 2024    5.2660    50,000   (50,000)    17,240    
06/01/2022   Export prepayments in US$ to third parties   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    June 2022 - May 2033    4.7289   878,640   (157,810)   (33,700)    (1,054,796)
12/01/2022   Export prepayments in US$ to third parties   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    December 2022 - June 2027    5.0360    70,000            (80,951)
05/16/2024   Export prepayments in US$ to third parties   Part of the highly probable future monthly iron ore exports   Foreign exchange - R$ vs. US$ spot rate    August 2025 - March 2035    5.1270   208,717           (222,346)
Total    7,943,418    (2,877,563)   (241,400)    (8,970,450)
(*) The realization of cash flow hedge accounting is recognized in Other operating revenues and expenses, in note 27.
Schedule of hedge accounting movements
             
              Consolidated
  12/31/2023   Movement   Realization   12/31/2024
Cash flow hedge (2,509,225)   (6,702,625)    241,400   (8,970,450)
Income tax and social contribution on cash flow hedge 853,137    2,278,893    (82,076)    3,049,954
Fair Value of cash flow accounting, net taxes (1,656,088)   (4,423,732)    159,324   (5,920,496)
Schedule of liquidity risk
                       
                        Consolidated
At December 31, 2024   Ref.   Less than one year   From one to two years   From two to five years   Over five years   Total
Borrowings and financing   13.b    8,902,558    13,252,184    13,466,746    21,937,090    57,558,578
Lease liabilities   15    206,323    258,881    124,395    250,706   840,305
Derivative financial instruments   14.c          157,857   157,857
Trade payables   16    7,030,734    2,284    40,509   470    7,073,997
Trade payables - Forfaiting   16.a    2,902,593          2,902,593
Dividends and interest on capital   17    61,965          61,965
Concessions to be paid   17    1,706    3,411    3,411    70,200    78,728
         19,105,879    13,516,760    13,635,061    22,416,323    68,674,023
Schedule of fair values of assets and liabilities
             
      12/31/2024       12/31/2023
  Closing Balance   Fair value   Closing Balance   Fair value
Fixed Rate Notes (*)  22,204,604    19,584,985    15,030,441    12,825,475
(*) Source: Bloomberg
Schedule of position of the derivatives
                               
                                Consolidated
                            12/31/2024   12/31/2023
                Appreciation (R$)   Fair value (market)   Financial income (expenses), net (note 28)
Instrument   Maturity   Functional Currency   Notional amount   Asset position   Liability position   Amounts receivable / (payable)  
Exchange rate swap                                
                                 
Exchange rate swap Dollar x Euro    Settled    Euro                     9,567
Exchange rate swap CDI x Dollar    Settled    Dollar                     31,469
Exchange Dollar x Real swap   06/10/2027    Dollar    115,000   719,109   (624,533)    94,576    129,972   (96,602)
Exchange rate swap Dollar x Real   07/07/2027    Dollar     50,000   551,303   (492,911)    58,392   58,392  
Exchange rate swap CDI x Dollar    10/04/2028    Real    680,000   734,317   (892,174)    (157,857)   (146,529)    12,122
Total Exchange rate Swap            845,000    2,004,729    (2,009,618)   (4,889)   41,835   (43,444)
Interest rate swap                          
Interest rate (debentures) CDI x IPCA   07/15/2031    Real    576,448   624,835   (635,788)   (10,953)   (106,533)    55,829
Interest rate (debentures) CDI x IPCA   07/15/2032    Real    745,000   806,323   (848,805)   (42,482)   (118,657)    5,842
Interest rate (debentures) CDI x IPCA   07/15/2036    Real    423,552   440,113   (480,919)   (40,806)    (77,496)    49,964
Interest rate (debentures) CDI x IPCA   07/15/2037    Real    655,000   716,016   (773,952)   (57,936)   (104,307)   (53,027)
Interest rate (debentures) CDI x IPCA   02/16/2032    Real    600,000   661,747   (663,497)   (1,750)    (98,304)    22,690
Interest rate (debentures) CDI x IPCA   12/02/2032    Real    600,000   663,534   (658,028)    5,506    (74,648)    16,462
Interest rate (debentures) CDI x IPCA   07/15/2030    Real    325,384   332,208   (355,458)   (23,250)    (37,523)    8,806
Interest rate (debentures) CDI x IPCA   07/15/2033    Real    183,185   187,780   (204,702)   (16,922)    (27,086)    7,153
Interest rate (debentures) CDI x IPCA   07/14/2038    Real    203,620   211,479   (233,285)   (21,806)    (42,472)   (1,025)
Interest rate (debentures) CDI x IPCA   04/14/2039    Real    157,074   157,372   (173,927)   (16,555)    (19,453)  
Interest rate (debentures) CDI x IPCA   04/14/2034    Real    643,095   638,351   (689,473)   (51,122)    (62,630)  
Interest rate (debentures) CDI x IPCA   11/14/2039    Real     62,585   63,488    (66,374)   (2,886)    (2,885)  
Interest rate (debentures) CDI x IPCA   11/14/2034    Real     37,415   37,383    (39,157)   (1,774)    (1,774)  
Interest rate (debentures) CDI x IPCA   11/14/2034    Real    200,000   200,560   (209,740)   (9,180)    (9,180)  
Interest rate (debentures) CDI x IPCA   11/14/2034    Real    200,000   200,311   (209,300)   (8,989)    (8,989)  
Total interest rate (debentures) CDI x IPCA            5,612,358    5,941,500    (6,242,405)    (300,905)   (791,937)    112,694
                                 
                 7,946,229    (8,252,023)    (305,794)   (750,102)    69,250
Schedule of balance sheet and statement of income
                       
                    12/31/2024   12/31/2023
Instruments   Assets   Liabilities   Financial income (expenses), net (note 28)
  Current   Total   Current   Total  
Iron ore derivative                   19,446  
Exchange rate swap Dollar x Euro                       9,567
Exchange rate swap CDI x Dollar            157,857   157,857    (146,528)   43,591
Exchange rate swap CDI x IPCA (1)           300,908   300,908    (791,938)   112,694
Exchange Dollar x Real swap    152,967    152,967           188,364    (96,602)
     152,967    152,967   458,765   458,765    (730,656)   69,250
(1) The SWAP CDI x IPCA derivative instruments are fully classified in the borrowings and financing group, since they are linked to debentures with the purpose of protecting against IPCA exposure.
Schedule of stock market price risks
                                       
                                         
Class of shares   12/31/2024   12/31/2023   12/31/2024   12/31/2023
  Quantity   Equity interest (%)   Share price   Closing Balance   Quantity   Equity interest (%)   Share price   Closing Balance   Profit or loss (note 27)
USIM3    106,620,851   15.12%   5.32   567,222    106,620,851   15.12%    9.20    980,912   (413,689)    190,851
USIM5    55,144,456   10.07%   5.32   293,369    55,144,456   10.07%    9.29    512,292   (218,923)    117,458
                860,591               1,493,204   (632,612)    308,309
PATI3                  2,705,726   11.31%   29.10   78,737   -    (15,963)
                860,591               1,571,941   (632,612)    292,346
Schedule of sensitivity analysis for stock price risks
                   
                    12/31/2024
Class of shares   Quantity   Share price in 12/31/2024   Closing Balance   Extreme Optimistic Scenario   Extreme Pessimistic Scenario
                     
 USIM3    106,620,851   5.32    567,222   219,454   (35,258)
 USIM5     55,144,456   5.32    293,369   108,868   (20,930)
             860,591   328,322   (56,188)
Schedule of capital management
       
Thousands of reais   12/31/2024   12/31/2023
Shareholder's equity (equity)    15,459,116    19,684,838
Borrowings and Financing (Third-party capital)    56,914,621    44,859,075
Gross Debit/Shareholder's equity    3.68    2.28