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Segment Reporting | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022
Segment Reporting [Abstract] |
Segment Reporting | Segment Reporting We have identified two reportable segments: (1) real estate and (2) observatory. Our real estate segment includes all activities related to the ownership, management, operation, acquisition, redevelopment, repositioning and disposition of our traditional real estate assets. Our observatory segment operates the 86th and 102nd floor observatories at the Empire State Building. These two lines of businesses are managed separately because each business requires different support infrastructures, provides different services and has dissimilar economic characteristics such as investments needed, stream of revenues and different marketing strategies. We account for intersegment sales and rents as if the sales or rents were to third parties, that is, at current market prices. We account for intersegment sales and rents as if the sales or rents were to third parties, that is, at current market prices. The following tables provide components of segment profit for each segment for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 (amounts in thousands):
|  | 2022
|  | Real Estate |  | Observatory |  | Intersegment Elimination |  | Total
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rental revenue |  | $ | 591,048 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 591,048 |
Intercompany rental revenue |  | 65,005 |  |  | — |  |  | (65,005) |  |  | — |
Observatory revenue |  | — |  |  | 105,978 |  |  | — |  |  | 105,978 |
Lease termination fees |  | 20,032 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 20,032 |
Third-party management and other fees |  | 1,361 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,361 |
Other revenue and fees |  | 8,622 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,622 |
Total revenues |  | 686,068 |  |  | 105,978 |  |  | (65,005) |  |  | 727,041 |
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property operating expenses |  | 157,935 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 157,935 |
Intercompany rent expense |  | — |  |  | 65,005 |  |  | (65,005) |  |  | — |
Ground rent expense |  | 9,326 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,326 |
General and administrative expenses |  | 61,765 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 61,765 |
Observatory expenses |  | — |  |  | 31,036 |  |  | — |  |  | 31,036 |
Real estate taxes |  | 123,057 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 123,057 |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 216,707 |  |  | 187 |  |  | — |  |  | 216,894 |
Total operating expenses |  | 568,790 |  |  | 96,228 |  |  | (65,005) |  |  | 600,013 |
Total operating income |  | 117,278 |  |  | 9,750 |  |  | — |  |  | 127,028 |
Other income (expense): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest income |  | 4,901 |  |  | 47 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,948 |
Interest expense |  | (101,206) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (101,206) |
Gain on sale/disposition of properties |  | 33,988 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 33,988 |
Income before income taxes |  | 54,961 |  |  | 9,797 |  |  | — |  |  | 64,758 |
Income tax expense |  | (584) |  |  | (962) |  |  | — |  |  | (1,546) |
Net income |  | $ | 54,377 |  |  | $ | 8,835 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 63,212 |
Segment assets |  | $ | 3,909,299 |  |  | $ | 254,295 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,163,594 |
Expenditures for segment assets |  | $ | 85,646 |  |  | $ | 315 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 85,961 |
|  | 2021
|  | Real Estate |  | Observatory |  | Intersegment Elimination |  | Total
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rental revenue |  | $ | 559,690 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 559,690 |
Intercompany rental revenue |  | 23,413 |  |  | — |  |  | (23,413) |  |  | — |
Observatory revenue |  | — |  |  | 41,474 |  |  | — |  |  | 41,474 |
Lease termination fees |  | 16,230 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16,230 |
Third-party management and other fees |  | 1,219 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,219 |
Other revenue and fees |  | 5,343 |  |  | 138 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,481 |
Total revenues |  | 605,895 |  |  | 41,612 |  |  | (23,413) |  |  | 624,094 |
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property operating expenses |  | 126,986 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 126,986 |
Intercompany rent expense |  | — |  |  | 23,413 |  |  | (23,413) |  |  | — |
Ground rent expense |  | 9,326 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,326 |
General and administrative expenses |  | 55,947 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 55,947 |
Observatory expenses |  | — |  |  | 23,206 |  |  | — |  |  | 23,206 |
Real estate taxes |  | 119,967 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 119,967 |
Impairment charge |  | 7,723 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,723 |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 201,676 |  |  | 130 |  |  | — |  |  | 201,806 |
Total operating expenses |  | 521,625 |  |  | 46,749 |  |  | (23,413) |  |  | 544,961 |
Total operating income (loss) |  | 84,270 |  |  | (5,137) |  |  | — |  |  | 79,133 |
Other income (expense): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest income |  | 701 |  |  | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | 704 |
Interest expense |  | (94,292) |  |  | (102) |  |  | — |  |  | (94,394) |
Loss on early extinguishment of debt |  | (214) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (214) |
Loss before income taxes |  | (9,535) |  |  | (5,236) |  |  | — |  |  | (14,771) |
Income tax (expense) benefit |  | (613) |  |  | 2,347 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,734 |
Net loss |  | $ | (10,148) |  |  | $ | (2,889) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (13,037) |
Segment assets |  | $ | 4,037,122 |  |  | $ | 245,325 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,282,447 |
Expenditures for segment assets |  | $ | 398,368 |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 398,372 |
|  | 2020
|  | Real Estate |  | Observatory |  |  |  | Intersegment Elimination |  | Total
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rental revenue |  | $ | 563,071 |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 563,071 |
Intercompany rental revenue |  | 17,827 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (17,827) |  |  | — |
Observatory revenue |  | — |  |  | 29,057 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 29,057 |
Lease termination fees |  | 9,416 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 9,416 |
Third-party management and other fees |  | 1,225 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 1,225 |
Other revenue and fees |  | 6,459 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 6,459 |
Total revenues |  | 597,998 |  |  | 29,057 |  |  |  |  | (17,827) |  |  | 609,228 |
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property operating expenses |  | 136,141 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 136,141 |
Intercompany rent expense |  | — |  |  | 17,827 |  |  |  |  | (17,827) |  |  | — |
Ground rent expense |  | 9,326 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 9,326 |
General and administrative expenses |  | 62,244 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 62,244 |
Observatory expenses |  | — |  |  | 23,723 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 23,723 |
Real estate taxes |  | 121,923 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 121,923 |
Impairment charges |  | 6,204 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 6,204 |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 190,863 |  |  | 143 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 191,006 |
Total operating expenses |  | 526,701 |  |  | 41,693 |  |  |  |  | (17,827) |  |  | 550,567 |
Total operating income (loss) |  | 71,297 |  |  | (12,636) |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 58,661 |
Other income (expense): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest income |  | 2,542 |  |  | 95 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 2,637 |
Interest expense |  | (89,907) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (89,907) |
Loss on early extinguishment of debt |  | (86) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (86) |
IPO litigation expense |  | (1,165) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (1,165) |
Loss before income taxes |  | (17,319) |  |  | (12,541) |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (29,860) |
Income tax (expense) benefit |  | (843) |  |  | 7,814 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 6,971 |
Net loss |  | $ | (18,162) |  |  | $ | (4,727) |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (22,889) |
Segment assets |  | $ | 3,903,884 |  |  | $ | 246,811 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,150,695 |
Expenditures for segment assets |  | $ | 101,306 |  |  | $ | 2,754 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 104,060 |
During the fourth quarter 2021, we incurred a $7.7 million impairment charge relating to our property in Norwalk, Connecticut. Our methodology to calculate the fair value of the property involved a combination of the discounted cash flow method, utilizing Level 3 unobservable inputs such as market capitalization rates obtained from external sources, and the market based approach utilizing recent sales comparables. During the second quarter 2020, we wrote off $4.1 million of prior expenditures on a Combined Heat Power/Redundancy onsite power generation project in our real estate segment that is rendered economically unviable due to New York City's Local Law 97 and from its measurement of carbon from natural gas combustion generates fines. During the third quarter 2020, we also wrote off $2.1 million of prior expenditures on a build-to-suit development project in our real estate segment that was halted due to reconsideration by the user driven by the COVID-19 pandemic. The $7.7 million and $6.2 million write-offs are shown as impairment charges in the consolidated statement of operations for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 31 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8924-108599 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 34 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8981-108599 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 21 -Subparagraph (a) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8721-108599 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 40 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e9031-108599 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 32 -Subparagraph (f) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8933-108599 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 32 -Subparagraph (e) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8933-108599 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 26 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8844-108599 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 41 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e9038-108599 Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 32 -Subparagraph (d) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8933-108599 Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 22 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8736-108599 Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 42 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e9054-108599 Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 15 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8657-108599 Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 21 -Subparagraph (b) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8721-108599 Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2134510 + Details
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