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Revenues
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenues Revenues
ASC Topic 606 Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Drilling Services and Completion Services — revenue is recognized based on our customers’ ability to benefit from our services in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for those services. This typically happens when the service is performed. The services we provide represent a series of distinct services, generally provided daily, that are substantially the same, with the same pattern of transfer to the customer. Because our customers benefit equally throughout the service period, generally measured in days, and our efforts in providing services are incurred relatively evenly over the period of performance, revenue is recognized as we provide services to the customer.
Drilling Services revenue primarily consists of daywork drilling contracts for which related revenues and expenses are recognized as services are performed. For certain contracts, we receive payments for the mobilization of rigs and other drilling equipment. We defer revenue and related direct operating expense related to mobilizations and recognize those revenues and expenses on a straight-line basis as drilling services are provided. Costs incurred to relocate rigs and other drilling equipment to areas in which a contract has not been secured are expensed as incurred and are recorded in Drilling Services operating expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). For certain contracts, we are also entitled to early termination payments if our customers choose to terminate a contract prior to the expiration of the contractual term. We recognize revenue associated with early termination payments when all contractual requirements have been met.
Completion Services revenue consists of services and products related to our suite of completion businesses including hydraulic fracturing, completion support services, wireline and pumpdown services, and cementing. These services are pursuant to contractual arrangements, such as term contracts and pricing agreements. Revenue from these services is earned as services are rendered, which is generally on a per stage or fixed monthly rate except for our cementing services. All revenue is recognized when a contract with a customer exists, the performance obligations under the contract have been satisfied over time, the amount to which we have the right to invoice has been determined and collectability of amounts subject to invoice is probable. Contract fulfillment costs, such as mobilization costs and shipping and handling costs, are expensed as incurred and are recorded in Completion Services operating
expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). To the extent fulfillment costs are considered separate performance obligations that are billable to the customer, the amounts billed are recorded as revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Once a stage has been completed or products and services have been provided, a field ticket is created that includes charges for the service performed and the chemicals, proppant, and compressed natural gas consumed during the course of the service. The field ticket may also include charges for the mobilization of the equipment and inventory to the location, any additional equipment used on the job, and other miscellaneous items. The field ticket represents the amounts to which we have the right to invoice and to recognize as revenue.
A portion of our contracts contain variable consideration; however, this variable consideration is typically unknown at the time of contract inception, and is not known until the job is complete, at which time the variability is resolved. Examples of variable consideration include the number of hours that will be incurred and the amount of consumables (such as chemicals and proppants) that will be used to complete a job.
Revenue is presented net of any sales tax charged to the customer that we are required to remit to local or state governmental taxing authorities. Reimbursements for the purchase of supplies, equipment, personnel services, shipping and other services that are provided at the request of our customers are recorded as revenue when incurred. The related costs are recorded as operating expenses when incurred.
ASC Topic 842 Revenue from Equipment Rentals
Drilling Products Revenue — revenues are primarily generated from the rental of drilling equipment, comprised of drill bits and downhole tools. These arrangements provide the customer with the right to control the use of the identified asset. Generally, the lease terms in such arrangements are for periods of two to three days and do not provide customers with options to purchase the underlying asset.
Other — we are a non-operating working interest owner of oil and natural gas assets primarily located in Texas and New Mexico. The ownership terms are outlined in joint operating agreements for each well between the operator of the well and the various interest owners, including us, who are considered non-operators of the well. We receive revenue each period for our working interest in the well during the period.
Accounts Receivable and Contract Liabilities
Accounts receivable is our right to consideration once it becomes unconditional. Payment terms typically range from 30 to 60 days.
Accounts receivable balances were $697 million and $900 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. These balances do not include amounts related to our oil and natural gas working interests nor do they include amounts related to our lease revenues under Topic 842 as those contracts are excluded from Topic 606. Accounts receivable balances are included in “Accounts receivable” in our consolidated balance sheets.
We do not have any significant contract asset balances. Contract liabilities include prepayments received from customers prior to the requested services being completed. Once the services are complete and have been invoiced, the prepayment is applied against the customer’s account to offset the accounts receivable balance. Also included in contract liabilities are payments received from customers for reactivation or initial mobilization of newly constructed or upgraded rigs that were moved on location to the initial well site. These payments are allocated to the overall performance obligation and amortized over the initial term of the contract. Total contract liability balances were $75.6 million and $103 million as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. In 2024, we recognized $102 million of revenue that was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period. Revenue related to our contract liabilities balance is expected to be recognized through 2028. In 2023, we recognized $136 million of revenue that was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period, of which the recognition of $28.9 million was due to deferred revenue from a customer prepayment, which became recognizable after the customer changed its drilling schedule. The $75.2 million current portion of our contract liability balance is included in “Accrued liabilities” and $0.4 million noncurrent portion of our contract liability balance is included in “Other liabilities” in our consolidated balance sheets.
Contract Costs
Costs incurred for newly constructed rigs or rig upgrades based on a contract with a customer are considered capital improvements and are capitalized to drilling equipment and depreciated over the estimated useful life of the asset.
Remaining Performance Obligations
We maintain a backlog of commitments for contract drilling services under term contracts, which we define as contracts with a duration of six months or more. Our contract drilling backlog in the United States as of December 31, 2024 was approximately $426 million. Approximately 7.1% of our total contract drilling backlog in the United States at December 31, 2024 is reasonably expected to remain at December 31, 2025. We generally calculate our backlog by multiplying the dayrate under our term drilling contracts by the number of days remaining under the contract. The calculation does not include any revenues related to fees for other services such as for mobilization, other than initial mobilization, demobilization and customer reimbursables, nor does it include potential reductions in rates for unscheduled standby or during periods in which the rig is moving or incurring maintenance and repair time in excess of what is permitted under the drilling contract. For contracts that contain variable dayrate pricing, our backlog calculation uses the dayrate in effect for periods where the dayrate is fixed, and, for periods that remain subject to variable pricing, uses commodity pricing or other related indices in effect at December 31, 2024. In addition, our term drilling contracts are generally subject to termination by the customer on short notice and provide for an early termination payment to us in the event that the contract is terminated by the customer. For contracts on which we have received notice for the rig to be placed on standby, our backlog calculation uses the standby rate for the period over which we expect to receive the standby rate. For contracts on which we have received an early termination notice, our backlog calculation includes the early termination rate, instead of the dayrate, for the period over which we expect to receive the lower rate. Please see “Our current backlog of contract drilling revenue may decline and may not ultimately be realized, as fixed-term contracts may in certain instances be terminated without an early termination payment” included in Item 1A of this Report.