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Income Taxes
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
Our effective income tax rate fluctuates from the U.S. statutory tax rate based on, among other factors, changes in pretax income in jurisdictions with varying statutory tax rates, the impact of U.S. state and local taxes, the realizability of deferred tax assets and other differences related to the recognition of income and expense between GAAP and tax accounting.
Our effective income tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2025 was 15.3%, compared with 3.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The difference in effective income tax rates between the periods was primarily attributable to the impact of valuation allowances on deferred tax assets between periods, as well as the impact of permanent differences and book impairments against earnings between periods.
Our effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was 4.6%, compared with (0.8)% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The difference in effective income tax rates between the periods was primarily attributable to the impact of valuation allowances on deferred tax assets between periods, as well as the impact of permanent differences against earnings between periods.
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized, and when necessary, valuation allowances are provided. The ultimate realization
of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. We assess the realizability of our deferred tax assets quarterly and consider carryback availability, the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies in making this assessment.
We continue to monitor income tax developments in the United States and other countries where we have legal entities. On July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (the “OBBBA”) was signed into law in the United States. This legislation includes several changes to existing income tax provisions with certain changes effective during 2025 and other changes effective after 2025. We continue to evaluate the impact of the OBBBA on our consolidated financial statements.