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Borrowings and Lines of Credit (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Long-term Debt Instruments Borrowings (net of debt issuance costs, debt discount, and amortization) consist of the following:
(in millions)
December 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
3.25% convertible senior notes
$
149.1

 
$
141.9

Revolving credit facility
9.0

 
50.7

Total
158.1

 
192.6

Less current maturities (1)

 

Total long-term debt
$
158.1

 
$
192.6


(1) There are no required principal payments due under the 3.25% convertible senior notes or the revolving credit facility until maturities in November 2021 and October 2022, respectively.

Total debt principal payments over the next five years are as follows:
(in millions)
2019
 
2020
 
2021
 
2022
 
2023
Debt principal payments
$

 
$

 
$
172.5

 
$
9.0

 
$


Convertible Debt 3.25% Convertible Senior Notes Due November 1, 2021

In May 2016, the Company issued $172.5 million aggregate principal amount of 3.25% convertible senior notes due November 1, 2021 (the "Notes"), unless earlier repurchased by the Company or converted pursuant to their terms. Interest is payable semiannually in arrears on May 1 and November 1 of each year and commenced on November 1, 2016.

The Notes are governed by an Indenture (the "Indenture") between the Company, as issuer, and U.S. Bank National Association as trustee. Upon conversion, the Company will pay or deliver cash, shares of the Company's common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of common stock, at the Company's election. The initial conversion rate is 54.2741 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Notes. The initial conversion price is $18.4250 per share of common stock. The conversion rate will be subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain specified events but will not be adjusted for accrued and unpaid interest. In addition, upon the occurrence of a make-whole fundamental change (as defined in the Indenture), the Company may be required, in certain circumstances, to increase the conversion rate by a number of additional shares for a holder that elects to convert its Notes in connection with such make-whole fundamental change.

Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding August 1, 2021, the Notes will be convertible only under the following circumstances:
=
during any calendar quarter and only during such calendar quarters, if the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day;
=
during the five business day period after any 10 consecutive trading day period (the “measurement period”) in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of Notes was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock and the conversion rate on each such trading day; or
=
upon the occurrence of specified corporate events.

On or after August 1, 2021 until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert all or any portion of their Notes, in multiples of $1,000 principal amount, at the option of the holder regardless of the foregoing circumstances. As of December 31, 2018, no event has occurred that would permit the conversion of the Notes. The Notes are the Company’s senior unsecured obligations.

In accounting for the issuance of the Notes, the Company separated the Notes into liability and equity components. The carrying amount of the liability component was calculated by measuring the fair value of a similar liability that does not have an associated convertible feature. The carrying amount of the equity component representing the conversion option was determined by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the face value of the Notes as a whole. The excess of the principal amount of the liability component over its carrying amount is amortized to interest expense over the term of the Notes. The equity component is not remeasured as long as it continues to meet the conditions for equity classification.

In accounting for the transaction costs related to the Notes issuance, the Company allocated the total amount incurred to the liability and equity components based on their relative values. Issuance costs attributable to the liability component, totaling $5.0 million, are being amortized to interest expense over the term of the Notes, and issuance costs attributable to the equity component, totaling $1.3 million, were netted with the equity component in stockholders' equity. Additionally, the Company recorded a deferred tax asset of $0.5 million on a portion of the equity component transaction costs which are deductible for tax purposes and immediately recorded a valuation allowance against this deferred tax asset.

The Notes consist of the following:
(in millions)
December 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
Liability component:
 
 
 
Principal
$
172.5

 
$
172.5

Less debt issuance costs and debt discount, net of amortization
(23.4
)
 
(30.6
)
Total
149.1

 
141.9

Less current maturities (1)

 

Long-term portion
$
149.1

 
$
141.9

 
 
 
 
Equity component (2)
$
29.9

 
$
29.9

(1) There are no required principal payments due until maturity in November 2021.
(2) Recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets within additional paid-in capital, inclusive of the $1.3 million of issuance costs
in equity.

The total estimated fair value of the Notes at December 31, 2018 was $178.2 million. The fair value was determined based on the closing trading price of the Notes as of the last trading day of 2018.
The following table sets forth total interest expense recognized related to the Notes:
 
Years Ended December 31,
(in millions)
2018
 
2017
 
2016
3.25% coupon
$
5.6

 
$
5.6

 
$
3.7

Amortization of debt issuance costs
0.9

 
0.9

 
0.6

Amortization of debt discount
6.3

 
5.8

 
3.6

Total
$
12.8

 
$
12.3

 
$
7.9


Note Hedges

To minimize the impact of potential economic dilution upon conversion of the Notes, the Company entered into convertible note hedge transactions (the “Note Hedges”) with respect to its common stock. In the second quarter of 2016, the Company paid an aggregate amount of $44.5 million for the Note Hedges. The Note Hedges will expire upon maturity of the Notes. The Note Hedges are intended to offset the potential dilution upon conversion of the Notes and/or offset any cash payments the Company is required to make in excess of the principal amount upon conversion of the Notes in the event that the market value per share of the Company's common stock, as measured under the Note Hedges, is greater than the strike price of the Note Hedges, which initially corresponds to the initial conversion price of the Notes and is subject to anti-dilution adjustments substantially similar to those applicable to the conversion rate of the Notes. The Note Hedges are separate transactions entered into by the Company, and are not part of the Notes or the Warrants, and have been accounted for as part of additional paid-in capital. Holders of the Notes do not have any rights with respect to the Note Hedges.

Warrants

In addition to the Note Hedges, in the second quarter of 2016, the Company entered into warrant transactions, whereby the Company sold warrants to acquire shares of the Company's common stock at a strike price of $21.1050 per share (the “Warrants”). The Company received aggregate proceeds of $39.1 million from the sale of the Warrants. If the market price per share of the Company's common stock for the reporting period, as measured under the Warrants, exceeds the strike price of the Warrants, the Warrants could have a dilutive effect on the Company's common stock, unless the Company elects, subject to certain conditions, to settle the Warrants in cash. The Warrants are separate transactions entered into by the Company, and are not part of the Notes or the Note Hedges, and have been accounted for as part of additional paid-in capital. Holders of the Notes and Note Hedges do not have any rights with respect to the Warrants.
Schedule of Term Loan and Revolving Credit Facilities Revolving Credit Facility

Revolving credit facility borrowings consist of the following:
 (in millions)
December 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
$400.0 million revolving credit facility due October 2022
$
9.0

 
$
50.7

Less current maturities (1)

 

Long-term portion
$
9.0

 
$
50.7

(1) There are no required principal payments due until maturity in October 2022.

On October 11, 2017, the Company entered into a Revolving Credit Facility Agreement (the "New Credit Facility"). The New Credit Facility contains a five-year senior secured revolving credit facility providing for borrowings in an aggregate principal amount at any time outstanding not to exceed $400.0 million. Up to $100.0 million of the New Credit Facility will be available in Euro, Sterling, and other currencies requested by the Company and agreed to by each Lender and up to $50.0 million of the New Credit Facility will be made available in the form of letters of credit denominated in any currencies agreed by the issuing bank.

The New Credit Facility serves as refinancing of indebtedness and terminates the Company's Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of January 27, 2014, as amended and restated as of December 31, 2014 and supplemented from time to time (“Prior Credit Facilities”).

At any time during the term of the New Credit Facility, the Company will be permitted to increase the commitments under the New Credit Facility or to establish one or more incremental term loan facilities under the New Credit Facility in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $200.0 million for all such incremental facilities.

Commitments under the New Credit Facility will terminate, and loans outstanding thereunder will mature, on October 11, 2022; provided, that if all the Company’s Notes have not been repaid, refinanced, and/or converted to common stock of the Company by April 30, 2021, then the commitments under the New Credit Facility will terminate, and the loans outstanding thereunder will mature, on such earlier date.

The interest rates under the New Credit Facility will be, at the Borrowers’ option (1) LIBOR (or, in the case of borrowings under the New Credit Facility denominated in Euro, EURIBOR) plus the rates per annum determined from time to time based on the total leverage ratio of the Company as of the end of and for the most recent period of four fiscal quarters for which financial statements have been delivered (the “Applicable Rate”); or (2) in the case of borrowings denominated in U.S. dollars, alternate base rate (“ABR”); provided, however, that any swingline borrowings shall bear interest at the rate applicable to ABR borrowings or, prior to the purchase of participations in such borrowings by the Lenders, at such other rate as shall be agreed between the Company and the swingline lender.

The interest rate under the New Credit Facility is variable based on LIBOR at the time of the borrowing and the Company’s leverage as measured by a total indebtedness to Consolidated EBITDA ratio. Based upon the Company’s total indebtedness to Consolidated EBITDA ratio, the Company’s borrowing rate could range from LIBOR + 1.25% to LIBOR + 2.25%. In addition, a commitment fee accrues on the average daily unused portion of the New Credit Facility at a rate of 0.20% to 0.35%.

The New Credit Facility includes requirements, to be tested quarterly, that the Company maintains (i) a minimum ratio of Consolidated EBITDA to consolidated interest expense of 3.25 to 1.0, (the "Interest Coverage Ratio"), (ii) a maximum ratio of Consolidated total indebtedness to Consolidated EBITDA of 3.75 to 1.0 (the "Leverage Ratio"), and (iii) a maximum ratio of senior secured indebtedness to Consolidated EBITDA of 3.25 to 1.0 (the "Senior Secured Leverage Ratio"). For these ratios, Consolidated EBITDA and consolidated interest expense are calculated using the most recent four consecutive fiscal quarters in a manner defined in the New Credit Facility. At December 31, 2018, the Company was in compliance with these covenants and it expects to remain in compliance with all of its debt covenants over the next twelve months.

On January 27, 2014, the Company entered into a $200.0 million five-year senior secured revolving credit facility as well as a $300.0 million five-year senior secured term loan facility pursuant to a Credit Agreement (the "Original Credit Agreement"), which are referred to collectively as the Prior Credit Facilities.

On December 31, 2014, the Company amended its Prior Credit Facilities to (i) increase the amount of the revolving credit facility in the Original Credit Agreement to $350.0 million from $200.0 million, (ii) increase the amount of the letter of credit subfacility in the Original Credit Agreement to $50.0 million from $25.0 million, (iii) eliminate the swing line subfacility in the amount of up to $35.0 million in the Original Credit Agreement, and (iv) reduce to $100.0 million from $250.0 million the amount of additional incremental revolving or term loans in the Original Credit Agreement. All other terms and conditions of the Prior Credit Facilities remained essentially the same.

On February 9, 2016, the Company entered into a third amendment to its Prior Credit Facilities that includes a permanent reduction by the Company of the aggregate revolving commitment under the Prior Credit Facilities from $350.0 million to $300.0 million.

On April 27, 2016, the Company entered into a fourth amendment to its Prior Credit Facilities to permit the Company to execute the offering of the Notes and the related transactions.

The weighted-average interest rate on the Company's borrowings under the New Credit Facility and Prior Credit Facilities was 3.56%, 3.58%, and 3.23% for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively. The weighted-average interest rate on the Company's borrowings under the New Credit Facility and Prior Credit Facilities for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016 includes interest expense related to the monthly interest rate swap settlements that ended in July 2018. The weighted-average commitment fee on the revolving lines of credit was 0.24%, 0.36%, and 0.39% for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively.

Schedule of Interest Expense and Interest Income Interest expense and interest income for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016 were as follows:
 
Years Ended December 31,
 (in millions)
2018
 
2017
 
2016
Interest expense(1)
$
16.6

 
$
20.8

 
$
20.5

Interest income
(0.6
)
 
(0.2
)
 
(0.1
)
Interest expense, net
$
16.0

 
$
20.6

 
$
20.4


(1) During 2017, the Company wrote off $0.4 million of debt issuance costs related to the Prior Credit Facilities to interest expense upon entering into the New Credit Facility. During 2016, the Company wrote off $0.7 million of debt issuance costs to interest expense in connection with the third amendment to its Prior Credit Facilities.