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Allowance for Credit Losses
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Receivables [Abstract]  
Allowance for Credit Losses Allowance for Credit Losses
The following tables present the changes in the allowance for loan and lease losses by portfolio segment for the periods indicated:
 Three Months Ended September 30, 2025
 Commercial
Real Estate
CommercialConsumerTotal
 (In Thousands)
Balance at June 30, 2025$73,115 $46,469 $7,141 $126,725 
Charge-offs (1)
(926)(15,694)(42)(16,662)
Recoveries107 578 120 805 
Merger Day 1 CECL provision31,820 17,891 19,776 69,487 
Provision (credit) for loan and lease losses excluding unfunded commitments5,040 6,637 (2,808)8,869 
Provision (credit) for PCD loan and lease losses
excluding unfunded commitments
38,744 24,294 1,473 64,511 
Balance at September 30, 2025$147,900 $80,175 $25,660 $253,735 
(1) Excludes the impact of Merger Day 1 purchase accounting that resulted in $15.8 million of charge-offs during the three months ended September 30, 2025.
 Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
 Commercial
Real Estate
CommercialConsumerTotal
 (In Thousands)
Balance at June 30, 2024$82,152 $33,386 $6,212 $121,750 
Charge-offs— (4,164)(19)(4,183)
Recoveries— 367 375 
Provision (credit) for loan and lease losses excluding unfunded commitments(6,971)16,632 (287)9,374 
Balance at September 30, 2024$75,181 $46,221 $5,914 $127,316 
 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
 Commercial
Real Estate
CommercialConsumerTotal
 (In Thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2024$74,171 $44,169 $6,743 $125,083 
Charge-offs (1)
(4,449)(26,830)(55)(31,334)
Recoveries107 2,427 220 2,754 
Merger Day 1 CECL provision31,820 17,891 19,776 69,487 
Provision (credit) for loan and lease losses excluding unfunded commitments7,507 18,224 (2,497)23,234 
Provision (credit) for PCD loan and lease losses
excluding unfunded commitments
38,744 24,294 1,473 64,511 
Balance at September 30, 2025$147,900 $80,175 $25,660 $253,735 
(1) Excludes the impact of Merger Day 1 purchase accounting that resulted in 15.8 million of charge-offs during the nine months ended September 30, 2025.
 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
 Commercial
Real Estate
CommercialConsumerTotal
 (In Thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2023$81,410 $29,557 $6,555 $117,522 
Charge-offs(4,425)(13,933)(38)(18,396)
Recoveries— 1,086 34 1,120 
Provision (credit) for loan and lease losses excluding unfunded commitments(1,804)29,511 (637)27,070 
Balance at September 30, 2024$75,181 $46,221 $5,914 $127,316 
    
The allowance for credit losses for unfunded credit commitments was $13.7 million, and $6.0 million at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively and includes the provision of $8.4 million for credit losses on unfunded commitments during the three months ended September 30, 2025.
Provision for Credit Losses
The provision (credit) for credit losses are set forth below for the periods indicated:
 Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2025202420252024
 (In Thousands)
Provision (credit) for loan and lease losses:  
Commercial real estate$5,040 $(6,971)$7,507 $(1,804)
Commercial6,637 16,632 18,224 29,511 
Consumer(2,808)(287)(2,497)(637)
Total provision (credit) for loan and lease losses8,869 9,374 23,234 27,070 
Merger Day 1 CECL provision
Commercial real estate31,820 — 31,820 — 
Commercial17,891 — 17,891 — 
Consumer19,776 — 19,776 — 
Total Merger Day 1 CECL provision69,487 — 69,487 — 
Unfunded commitments
Merger Day 1 unfunded commitments provision8,415 — 8,415 — 
Provision (credit) for unfunded commitments725 (4,542)(669)(9,208)
Total provision (credit) for unfunded commitments9,140 (4,542)7,746 (9,208)
Investment securities available-for-sale32 (172)47 (255)
Total provision (credit) for credit losses$87,528 $4,660 $100,514 $17,607 
Allowance for Credit Losses Methodology
Management has established a methodology to determine the adequacy of the ACL that assesses the risks and losses expected on the loan and lease portfolio and unfunded commitments. Additions to the ACL are made by charges to the provision for credit losses. Losses on loans and leases are charged off against the allowance when all or a portion of a loan or lease is considered uncollectible. Subsequent recoveries on loans previously charged off, if any, are credited to the allowance when realized.
To calculate the allowance for loans collectively evaluated, management uses models developed by a third party. The Bank’s core ACL process uses CRE, C&I, and retail lifetime loss rate models to calculate the expected losses over the life of the loan based on exposure at default loan attributes and reasonable, supportable economic forecasts. The exposure at default
considers the current unpaid balance, prepayment assumptions and expected utilization assumptions. Key assumptions used in the models include portfolio segmentation, prepayments, and the expected utilization of unfunded commitments, among others. The portfolios are segmented by loan level attributes such as loan type, loan size, date of origination, and delinquency status to create homogenous loan pools. Pool level metrics are calculated and loss rates are subsequently applied to the pools as the loans have like characteristics. Prepayment assumptions are embedded within the models and are based on the same data used for model development and incorporate adjustments for reasonable and supportable forecasts. Model development data and developmental time periods vary by model, but all use at least ten years of historical data and capture at least one recessionary period. Expected utilization is based on current utilization and a LEQ factor. LEQ varies by current utilization and provides a reasonable estimate of expected draws and borrower behavior. Assumptions and model inputs are reviewed in accordance with model monitoring practices and as information becomes available.
Loans acquired in connection with the Merger have losses estimated using historical loss rate models based on the historical performance of various loan segments, which is segmented primarily by FDIC code, estimates of each segment’s weighted average life, and statistical model to capture the impact of future economic conditions on the base loss rates.
The ACL estimate for both the banks core model as well as the legacy Berkshire model incorporates reasonable and supportable forecasts of various macro-economic variables over the remaining life of loans and leases. The development of the reasonable and supportable forecast assumes each macro-economic variable will revert to long-term expectations, with reversion characteristics unique to specific economic indicators and forecasts. Reversion towards long-term expectations generally begins two to three years from the forecast start date and largely completes within the first five years. Management elected to use multiple economic forecasts in determining the reserve to account for economic uncertainty. The forecasts include various projections of gross domestic product, interest rates, property price indices, and employment measures. Scenario weighting and model parameters are updated to reflect facts and circumstances as of the financial statement date.
As of September 30, 2025, management continued to apply qualitative adjustments to the Company’s models. These adjustments are designed to address model limitations and are generally targeted to specific risks within the certain portfolios (e.g., office and specialty vehicle) based on recent collateral valuations and performance trends. Additionally, portfolio level metrics such as delinquency, population of adversely graded loans, non-accruals, etc. are used to inform management’s evaluation of the credit risk in the portfolio and adjustments are made as appropriate. These adjustments included both positive and negative adjustments with a total impact to the provision of $22.6 million at September 30, 2025, of which $3.5 million is related to the legacy Berkshire portfolio. Management reviews these factors on a quarterly basis as market conditions and segment performance evolve.
Specific reserves are established for loans individually evaluated for impairment when amortized cost basis is greater than the discounted present value of expected future cash flows or, in the case of collateral-dependent loans, when there is an excess of a loan's amortized cost basis over the fair value of its underlying collateral. When loans and leases do not share risk characteristics with other financial assets they are evaluated individually. Individually evaluated loans are reviewed quarterly with adjustments made to the calculated reserve as necessary.
The general allowance for loan and lease losses was $184.3 million as of September 30, 2025 and $107.5 million as of December 31, 2024. The increase is primarily due to the merger with Berkshire Bank loans in the third quarter, which added $84.4 million to the allowance for loan and lease losses.
The specific allowance for loan and lease losses was $69.4 million as of September 30, 2025, compared to $17.5 million as of December 31, 2024. The specific allowance increased $51.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2025, primarily due to the Merger, which added specific reserves totaling $46.6 million, $28.2 million for commercial real estate loans, $18.2 million for commercial and industrial loans, and $0.2 million for consumer loans.
As of September 30, 2025, management believes the methodology for calculating the allowance is sound and the allowance provides a reasonable basis for determining and reporting on expected losses over the lifetime of the Company’s loan portfolios.
Credit Quality Assessment
At the time of loan origination, a rating is assigned based on the capacity to pay and general financial strength of the borrower, the value of assets pledged as collateral, and the evaluation of third party support such as a guarantor. The Company continually monitors the credit quality of the loan portfolio using all available information. The officer responsible for handling each loan is required to initiate changes to risk ratings when changes in facts and circumstances occur that warrant an upgrade
or downgrade in a loan rating. Based on this information, loans demonstrating certain payment issues or other weaknesses may be categorized as delinquent, adversely risk-rated, nonperforming and/or put on nonaccrual status. Additionally, in the course of resolving such loans, the Company may choose to restructure the contractual terms of certain loans to match the borrower's ability to repay the loan based on their current financial condition. If a restructured loan meets certain criteria, it may be categorized as a modified loan.
The Company reviews numerous credit quality indicators when assessing the risk in its loan portfolio. For all loans, the Company utilizes an eight-grade loan rating system, which assigns a risk rating to each borrower based on a number of quantitative and qualitative factors associated with a loan transaction. Factors considered include industry and market conditions; position within the industry; earnings trends; operating cash flow; asset/liability values; debt capacity; guarantor strength; management and controls; financial reporting; collateral; and other considerations. In addition, the Company's independent loan review group evaluates the credit quality and related risk ratings in all loan portfolios. The results of these
reviews are reported to the Risk Committee of the Board of Directors on a periodic basis and annually to the Board of Directors. For the consumer loans, the Company heavily relies on payment status for calibrating credit risk.
The ratings categories used for assessing credit risk in the commercial real estate, multi-family mortgage, construction, commercial, equipment financing, condominium association and other consumer loan and lease classes are defined as follows:
1 -4 Rating—Pass
Loan rating grades "1" through "4" are classified as "Pass," which indicates borrowers are performing in accordance with the terms of the loan and are less likely to result in loss due to the capacity of the borrower to pay and the adequacy of the value of assets pledged as collateral.
5 Rating—OAEM
Borrowers exhibit potential credit weaknesses or downward trends deserving management's attention. If not checked or corrected, these trends will weaken the Company's asset and position. While potentially weak, currently these borrowers are marginally acceptable; no loss of principal or interest is envisioned.
6 Rating—Substandard
Borrowers exhibit well defined weaknesses that jeopardize the orderly liquidation of debt. Substandard loans may be inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligors or by the collateral pledged, if any. Normal repayment from the borrower is in jeopardy. Although no immediate loss of principal is envisioned, there is a distinct possibility that a partial loss of interest and/or principal will occur if the deficiencies are not corrected. Collateral coverage may be inadequate to cover the principal obligation.
7 Rating—Doubtful
Borrowers exhibit well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the orderly liquidation of debt with the added provision that the weaknesses make collection of the debt in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. Serious problems exist to the point where partial loss of principal is likely.
8 Rating—Definite Loss
Borrowers deemed incapable of repayment. Loans to such borrowers are considered uncollectible and of such little value that continuation as active assets of the Company is not warranted.
Assets rated as "OAEM," "substandard" or "doubtful" based on criteria established under banking regulations are collectively referred to as "criticized" assets.
Credit Quality Information
The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans in each class by credit quality indicator and year of origination as of September 30, 2025.
September 30, 2025
20252024202320222021PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to Term LoansTotal
 (In Thousands)
Commercial Real Estate     
Pass$402,953 $523,525 $795,627 $1,355,173 $1,186,218 $2,653,248 $45,164 $15,057 $6,976,965 
OAEM— 1,789 8,901 36,175 51,271 58,551 750 393 157,830 
Substandard— 23,105 3,979 60,773 10,579 86,351 2,424 — 187,211 
Total402,953 548,419 808,507 1,452,121 1,248,068 2,798,150 48,338 15,450 7,322,006 
September 30, 2025
20252024202320222021PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to Term LoansTotal
 (In Thousands)
Current-period gross writeoffs— — — — — 1,467 — — 1,467 
Multi-Family Mortgage
Pass91,778 101,283 120,371 592,148 301,076 839,979 7,094 37,900 2,091,629 
OAEM— — — 10,923 — 1,206 — — 12,129 
Substandard— — — 2,863 11,477 12,239 — — 26,579 
Total91,778 101,283 120,371 605,934 312,553 853,424 7,094 37,900 2,130,337 
Current-period gross writeoffs— — — — — 2,220 — — 2,220 
Construction
Pass114,889 118,783 189,288 225,096 15,949 1,159 4,014 — 669,178 
OAEM— — — 44,539 — — — — 44,539 
Substandard— — — 27,217 18,795 — — — 46,012 
Total114,889 118,783 189,288 296,852 34,744 1,159 4,014 — 759,729 
Commercial
Pass249,312 333,508 324,860 204,309 176,870 190,558 1,085,700 6,432 2,571,549 
OAEM— 6,749 — 20,654 174 5,006 49,537 357 82,477 
Substandard— 2,503 4,797 5,217 8,520 11,819 42,034 737 75,627 
Doubtful— — — — — — — 11 11 
Total249,312 342,760 329,657 230,180 185,564 207,383 1,177,271 7,537 2,729,664 
Current-period gross writeoffs— 405 210 5,145 72 20 967 — 6,819 
Equipment Financing
Pass153,241 258,341 287,346 232,495 105,490 114,360 2,900 4,436 1,158,609 
OAEM— — — 1,140 672 — — — 1,812 
Substandard— 3,168 12,224 7,704 2,876 4,235 — 11,546 41,753 
Doubtful— — — 1,856 — 18 — — 1,874 
Total153,241 261,509 299,570 243,195 109,038 118,613 2,900 15,982 1,204,048 
Current-period gross writeoffs— 550 4,976 4,538 896 1,888 — — 12,848 
September 30, 2025
20252024202320222021PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to Term LoansTotal
 (In Thousands)
Other Consumer
Pass10,009 22,311 24,639 11,378 6,397 12,201 79,931 17 166,883 
OAEM— 28 — 10 — 48 
Substandard68 59 46 51 84 85 — 398 
Total10,014 22,384 24,701 11,452 6,448 12,287 80,026 17 167,329 
Current-period gross writeoffs— — — 11 — — 21 
Total
Pass1,022,182 1,357,751 1,742,131 2,620,599 1,792,000 3,811,505 1,224,803 63,842 13,634,813 
OAEM— 8,543 8,904 113,459 52,117 64,765 50,297 750 298,835 
Substandard28,844 21,059 103,820 52,298 114,728 44,543 12,283 377,580 
Doubtful— — — 1,856 — 18 — 11 1,885 
Total$1,022,187 $1,395,138 $1,772,094 $2,839,734 $1,896,415 $3,991,016 $1,319,643 $76,886 $14,313,113 
As of September 30, 2025, there were no loans categorized as definite loss.
For residential mortgage and home equity loans, the borrowers' credit scores at origination contribute as a reserve metric in the retail loss rate model.
At September 30, 2025
20252024202320222021PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to Term LoansTotal
 (In Thousands)
Residential  
Credit Scores  
Over 700$259,152 $349,012 $510,742 $548,127 $262,109 $783,493 $4,551 $— $2,717,186 
661 - 7006,793 18,631 24,350 36,038 14,452 76,984 — 177,256 
600 and below1,040 4,635 13,484 14,175 10,231 47,929 — — 91,494 
Data not available*
17,314 6,970 5,849 105,540 6,091 149,724 624 — 292,112 
Total$284,299 $379,248 $554,425 $703,880 $292,883 $1,058,130 $5,183 $— $3,278,048 
Current-period gross writeoffs— — — — — — — 
Home Equity
Credit Scores  
Over 700$1,920 $1,539 $3,857 $3,081 $864 $6,019 $537,977 $2,642 $557,899 
661 - 70087 25 162 187 — 557 57,437 1,195 59,650 
600 and below55 90 676 76 — 318 26,461 2,736 30,412 
Data not available*
— 14 — — 213 2,556 — 2,785 
Total$2,064 $1,654 $4,709 $3,344 $864 $7,107 $624,431 $6,573 $650,746 
Current-period gross writeoffs— — — — — — 10 — 10 
_______________________________________________________________________________
* Primarily represents loans made to trusts and purchased mortgages.

The following tables present the recorded investment in loans in each class as of December 31, 2024, by credit quality indicator.
December 31, 2024
20242023202220212020PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to Term LoansTotal
 (In Thousands)
Commercial Real Estate      
Pass$147,877 $395,770 $677,054 $740,805 $368,755 $1,493,198 $45,933 $16,620 $3,886,012 
OAEM22,505 — 21,923 3,611 3,210 41,704 — 411 93,364 
Substandard— — 3,653 5,416 — 38,820 — — 47,889 
Total170,382 395,770 702,630 749,832 371,965 1,573,722 45,933 17,031 4,027,265 
Current -period gross writeoffs— — 552 — — 3,874 — — 4,426 
Multi-Family Mortgage
Pass16,197 67,890 244,419 243,977 153,294 572,534 5,937 38,001 1,342,249 
OAEM— — 11,606 — — 3,855 — — 15,461 
December 31, 2024
20242023202220212020PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to Term LoansTotal
 (In Thousands)
Substandard— — 2,863 11,477 — 15,746 — — 30,086 
Total16,197 67,890 258,888 255,454 153,294 592,135 5,937 38,001 1,387,796 
Construction
Pass50,569 24,642 169,636 37,832 1,649 221 8,754 — 293,303 
OAEM— — 7,750 — — — — — 7,750 
Total50,569 24,642 177,386 37,832 1,649 221 8,754 — 301,053 
Commercial
Pass171,978 256,267 138,946 108,892 35,090 87,430 383,725 6,962 1,189,290 
OAEM— — — 48 — 284 1,711 — 2,043 
Substandard— — 392 1,197 12,001 6,091 365 20,050 
Doubtful— — — — — — 329 331 
Total171,978 256,271 138,946 109,332 36,287 99,717 391,527 7,656 1,211,714 
Current-period gross writeoffs13 3,612 100 1,523 1,596 — — 6,848 
Equipment Financing
Pass287,280 359,803 289,487 147,244 83,664 85,286 425 5,881 1,259,070 
OAEM— — 1,572 930 — — — — 2,502 
Substandard— 7,681 3,455 2,918 725 2,771 — 11,530 29,080 
Doubtful— — 4,283 — — 15 — — 4,298 
Total287,280 367,484 298,797 151,092 84,389 88,072 425 17,411 1,294,950 
Current-period gross writeoffs840 2,801 4,740 1,430 5,219 4,166 — — 19,196 
Other Consumer
Pass373 176 84 873 — 2,057 60,789 15 64,367 
Total373 176 84 873 — 2,057 60,789 15 64,367 
Current-period gross writeoffs— — 12 — — 23 
Total
Pass674,274 1,104,548 1,519,626 1,279,623 642,452 2,240,726 505,563 67,479 8,034,291 
OAEM22,505 — 42,851 4,589 3,210 45,843 1,711 411 121,120 
Substandard— 7,685 9,971 20,203 1,922 69,338 6,091 11,895 127,105 
Doubtful— — 4,283 — — 17 — 329 4,629 
Total$696,779 $1,112,233 $1,576,731 $1,304,415 $647,584 $2,355,924 $513,365 $80,114 $8,287,145 
As of December 31, 2024, there were no loans categorized as definite loss.
At December 31, 2024
20242023202220212020PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to Term LoansTotal
 (In Thousands)
Residential  
Credit Scores  
Over 700$119,843 $75,397 $167,352 $204,738 $110,663$341,746 $7,936 $— $1,027,675 
661 - 7006,444 7,330 7,7346,915 4,62212,583 — — 45,628 
600 and below2,040 1,111 7,7114,976 5,01613,024 — — 33,878 
Data not available*
31 537 1,349 881 4,753 — — 7,551 
Total$128,358 $84,375 $184,146 $217,510 $120,301$372,106 $7,936 $— $1,114,732 
Home Equity
Credit Scores
Over 700$1,696 $4,686 $3,492$1,402 $529$7,003 $316,187 $5,446 $340,441 
661 - 700166 400 2138 326 18,700 505 20,156 
600 and below— 405 132— 18373 12,121 1,195 14,244 
Data not available*
— — — — — 2,566 — 2,570 
Total$1,862 $5,491 $3,645$1,440 $547$7,706 $349,574 $7,146 $377,411 
Current-period gross writeoffs$— $— 16$— $— $— $— $— 16 
_______________________________________________________________________________
* Primarily represents loans made to trusts and purchased mortgages.
Age Analysis of Past Due Loans and Leases
The following table presents an age analysis of the amortized cost basis in loans and leases as of September 30, 2025.
 At September 30, 2025
 Past Due  Past
Due Greater
Than 90 Days
and Accruing
 
 31-60
Days
61-90
Days
Greater
Than
90 Days
TotalCurrentTotal Loans
and Leases
Non-accrual
Non-accrual
with No Related Allowance
 (In Thousands)
Commercial real estate loans:
Commercial real estate$10,856 $1,194 $14,103 $26,153 $7,295,853 $7,322,006 $3,612 $30,213 $1,487 
Multi-family mortgage152 1,055 17,334 18,541 2,111,796 2,130,337 14,340 2,994 — 
Construction— — 535 535 759,194 759,729 — 535 — 
Total commercial real estate loans11,008 2,249 31,972 45,229 10,166,843 10,212,072 17,952 33,742 1,487 
Commercial loans and leases:
Commercial5,003 2,386 15,249 22,638 2,707,026 2,729,664 1,629 14,035 3,659 
Equipment financing13,567 4,415 36,084 54,066 1,149,982 1,204,048 200 41,793 4,387 
Total commercial loans and leases18,570 6,801 51,333 76,704 3,857,008 3,933,712 1,829 55,828 8,046 
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgage5,352 1,929 8,229 15,510 3,262,538 3,278,048 3,238 6,597 520 
Home equity1,732 720 1,238 3,690 647,056 650,746 380 2,220 — 
Other consumer164 62 413 639 166,690 167,329 171 243 — 
Total consumer loans7,248 2,711 9,880 19,839 4,076,284 4,096,123 3,789 9,060 520 
Total loans and leases$36,826 $11,761 $93,185 $141,772 $18,100,135 $18,241,907 $23,570 $98,630 $10,053 
The Company did not recognize any interest income on nonaccrual loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025.

The following tables present an age analysis of the recorded investment in originated and acquired loans and leases as of December 31, 2024.
 At December 31, 2024
 Past Due  Loans and
Leases Past
Due Greater
Than 90 Days
and Accruing
 Non-accrual
with No Related Allowance
 31-60
Days
61-90
Days
Greater
Than
90 Days
TotalCurrentTotal Loans
and Leases
Non-accrual
 (In Thousands)
Commercial real estate loans:
Commercial real estate$6,570 $1,685 $12,153 $20,408 $4,006,857 $4,027,265 $629 $11,525 $683 
Multi-family mortgage2,863 — 6,469 9,332 1,378,464 1,387,796 — 6,596 6,605 
Construction— — — — 301,053 301,053 — — — 
Total commercial real estate loans9,433 1,685 18,622 29,740 5,686,374 5,716,114 629 18,121 7,288 
Commercial loans and leases:
Commercial783 1,693 695 3,171 1,208,543 1,211,714 — 14,676 326 
Equipment financing6,140 2,508 27,070 35,718 1,259,232 1,294,950 — 31,509 2,180 
Total commercial loans and leases6,923 4,201 27,765 38,889 2,467,775 2,506,664 — 46,185 2,506 
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgage2,015 — 2,057 4,072 1,110,660 1,114,732 130 3,999 2,359 
Home equity818 233 135 1,186 376,225 377,411 52 1,043 — 
Other consumer— 64,362 64,367 — — 
Total consumer loans2,837 233 2,193 5,263 1,551,247 1,556,510 182 5,043 2,359 
Total loans and leases$19,193 $6,119 $48,580 $73,892 $9,705,396 $9,779,288 $811 $69,349 $12,153 
Individually Evaluated Loans and Leases
Loans and leases which do not share similar risk characteristics with other loans are individually evaluated for credit losses. A loan is individually evaluated when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due (both interest and principal) according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. The loans and leases risk-rated "substandard" or worse are individually evaluated. Specific reserves are established for loans and leases with deterioration in the present value of expected future cash flows or, in the case of collateral-dependent loans and leases, any increase in the loan or lease amortized cost basis over the fair value of the underlying collateral discounted for estimated selling costs. In contrast, the loans and leases which share similar risk characteristics and are not included in the individually evaluated population are collectively evaluated for credit losses.
The following tables present information regarding individually evaluated and collectively evaluated allowance for loan and lease losses for credit losses on loans and leases at the dates indicated.
At September 30, 2025
Commercial Real EstateCommercialConsumerTotal
(In Thousands)
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses:
Individually evaluated$41,210 $28,049 $183 $69,442 
Collectively evaluated106,690 52,126 25,477 184,293 
Total$147,900 $80,175 $25,660 $253,735 
Loans and Leases:
Individually evaluated$265,178 $126,783 $2,150 $394,111 
Collectively evaluated9,946,894 3,806,929 4,093,973 17,847,796 
Total$10,212,072 $3,933,712 $4,096,123 $18,241,907 

At December 31, 2024
Commercial Real EstateCommercialConsumerTotal
(In Thousands)
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses:
Individually evaluated $3,566 $13,967 $13 $17,546 
Collectively evaluated 70,605 30,202 6,730 107,537 
Total loans and leases$74,171 $44,169 $6,743 $125,083 
Loans and Leases:
Individually evaluated $77,983 $47,819 $2,626 $128,428 
Collectively evaluated 5,638,131 2,458,845 1,553,884 9,650,860 
Total loans and leases$5,716,114 $2,506,664 $1,556,510 $9,779,288 
Loan Modifications
The following tables present the amortized cost basis of loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the periods indicated.

Three Months Ended September 30, 2025
Number of LoansAmortized Cost% of Total Class of Loans and LeasesFinancial Effect
(In thousands)
Maturity Extension:
C&I2$7,216 0.18 %
One loan was given a 12 month maturity extension to assist the borrower and another loan was given a 5 month maturity extension. The financial effect was deemed "de minimis".
Combination - Maturity Extension and Significant Payment Delays
C&I42,2460.06 %
These loans were given 6 month maturity extension and 6 months of interest-only payments.
Total6$9,462 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Number of LoansAmortized Cost% of Total Class of Loans and LeasesFinancial Effect
(In thousands)
Significant Payment Delays:
C&I2$2,551 0.24 %
These loans were given principal payment deferrals for one year. The financial effect was deemed "de minimis."
Combination - Maturity Extension and Interest Rate Reduction:
Commercial Real Estate1$8,284 0.20 %
This loan was given a 3 year maturity extension with a 5.0% pay rate and 7.0% accrue rate. The financial effect was deemed "de minimis."
Home Equity1$269 0.07 %
This loan was reamortized over 30 years and extended the prior maturity date 20 years, with a reduction in rate to 6.8% fixed The financial effect was deemed "de minimis."
Combination - Maturity Extension, Interest Rate Reduction, and Significant Payment Delay:
C&I1$604 0.06 %
Line of credit renewed for one year, interest only, with a reduction in rate from 10.3% variable to 7.5% fixed. The financial effect was deemed "de minimis."
Total5$11,708 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
Number of LoansAmortized Cost% of Total Class of Loans and LeasesFinancial Effect
(In thousands)
Maturity Extension:
C&I6$8,710 0.22 %
Loans were given multi-month extensions up to 15 months to assist the borrowers. The financial effect was deemed "de minimis".
Significant Payment Delays:
CRE13,827 0.04 %
This loan was given principal payments deferrals for 12 months. The financial effect was deemed "de minimis."
Combination - Maturity Extension and Significant Payment Delays
C&I42,246 0.06 %
These loans were given 6 month maturity extension and 6 months of interest-only payments. The financial effect was deemed "de minimis."
Combination - Maturity Extension and Interest Rate Reduction:
C&I2$267 0.01 %
These loans were given 36 month extensions, and reductions in their stated interest rates of 2.3%. The financial effect was deemed "de minimis."
Total13$15,050 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Number of LoansAmortized Cost% of Total Class of Loans and LeasesFinancial Effect
(In thousands)
Maturity Extension:
CRE
C&I2$123 0.01 %
One loan was given 6 months of interest-only payments and 6 months added to the term of the loan and the other loan was given a 2 month deferment of payments along with 13 months added to the term of the loan. The financial effect was deemed "de minimis".
Significant Payment Delays
C&I1415,490 1.43 %
Some of these loans and letters of credit were given a two quarter (6 month) payment forbearance, while one was given a 30 month term extension, and another was given one year of payment deferrals. The financial effect was deemed "de minimis".
Combination - Maturity Extension and Significant Payment Delays:
C&I21,586 0.15 %
These loans were given 6 months maturity extensions and 6 months of interest-only payments. The financial effect was deemed "de minimis".
Combination - Maturity Extension and Interest Rate Reduction:
Commercial Real Estate18,284 0.20 %
This loan was given a maturity extension of 3 years with a 5.0% pay rate and 7.0% accrue rate. The financial effect was deemed "de minimis."
C&I2110 0.01 %
These loans were given 25 month extensions, and reductions in their stated interest rates of 7.5%. The financial effect was deemed "de minimis."
Home Equity1269 0.07 %
This loan was reamortized over 30 years and extended the prior maturity date 20 years, with a reduction in rate to 6.8% fixed. The financial effect was deemed "de minimis."
Combination - Maturity Extension and Interest Rate Reduction, and Significant Payment Delay:
C&I1604 0.06 %
Line of credit renewed for one year, interest only, with a reduction in rate from 10.3% variable to 7.5% fixed. The financial effect was deemed "de minimis."
Total23$26,466 
The following tables present the aging analysis of loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the periods indicated.
Three Months Ended September 30, 2025
Current30-60 Days Past Due61-90 Days Past Due90+ Days Past DueModified
(In thousands)
Total Modifications$9,462 — — — 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Current30-60 Days Past Due61-90 Days Past Due90+ Days Past DueModified
(In thousands)
Total Modifications$11,708 $— $— $— $— 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
Current30-60 Days Past Due61-90 Days Past Due90+ Days Past DueModified
(In thousands)
Total Modifications$14,132 80 — 837 — 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Current30-60 Days Past Due61-90 Days Past Due90+ Days Past DueModified
(In thousands)
Total Modifications$26,379 $60,862 $27,031 $— $—