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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Components of Current and Deferred Income Tax Expense

The components of current and deferred income tax expense included in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 as determined in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), are as follows:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2017      2016      2015  

Current:

        

Federal

   $ 19,007      $ 14,515      $ 1,598  

State and local

     2,708        1,425        2,431  

Foreign

     440        567        210  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 22,155      $ 16,507      $ 4,239  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Deferred:

        

Federal

   $ 7,947      $ 10,629      $ 46,784  

State and local

     1,105        2,296        6,233  

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2017      2016      2015  

Foreign

     (214      (25      (123
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 8,838      $ 12,900      $ 52,894  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Income tax expense from operations

   $ 30,993      $ 29,407      $ 57,133  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
Reconciliation of Statutory Federal Income Tax Rate and Company's Effective Rate

A reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate and the Company’s effective rate is as follows:

 

     December 31,  
     2017     2016     2015  

Federal statutory rate

     35.0     35.0     35.0

Change in valuation allowance—International

     9.2     8.2     0.9

Blended state income tax rate, net of federal benefit

     3.8     4.2     4.1

Non-deductible transaction costs

     2.7     —         —    

Stock-based compensation tax shortfalls

     1.8     —         —    

Re-measurement of net deferred tax assets – Rate change

     0.8     —         —    

Acquisition expense

     —         4.1     0.6

Goodwill impairment

     —         1.2     —    

Other differences, net

     —         0.2     1.0
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Effective rate

     53.3     52.9     41.6
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
Summary of Deferred Tax Asset Recorded

A summary of the components of the Company’s deferred tax assets at December 31, 2017 and 2016 are as follows:

 

     December 31,  
     2017      2016  

Deferred tax assets:

 

  

NOLs – Foreign

   $ 3,841      $ 4,551  

Stock-based compensation

     1,474        5,382  

Deferred rent liability

     1,257        2,024  

NOLs – U.S.

     909        1,611  

Accrued expenses

     526        4,552  

Unrealized losses

     72        101  

Other

     416        227  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Deferred tax assets

     8,495        18,448  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Deferred tax liabilities:

 

  

Unrealized gains

     1,718        —    

Fixed assets

     1,498        2,405  

Goodwill and intangible assets

     388        301  

Incentive compensation

     —          1,365  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Deferred tax liabilities

     3,604        4,071  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total deferred tax assets less deferred tax liabilities

     4,891        14,377  

Less: valuation allowance

     (3,841      (4,551
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Deferred tax assets, net

   $ 1,050      $ 9,826