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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Domestic and Foreign Components of Income/Loss before Income Tax Expense
The U.S. and foreign components of income/loss before income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 are as
follows:
 
              
              
              
 
  
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  
2021
 
  
2020
 
  
2019
 
U.S.
   $ 15,986      $ (5,187    $ 6,774  
Foreign
     40,685        (30,035      (6,653
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total
   $ 56,671      $ (35,222    $ 121  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Components of Current and Deferred Income Tax Expense
The components of current and deferred income tax expense included in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 are as
follows:
 
              
              
              
 
  
Years Ended December 31,
 
 
  
2021
 
  
2020
 
  
2019
 
Current:
  
  
  
Federal
   $ 5,857      $ 3,670      $ 10,311  
State and local
     1,538        832        2,271  
Foreign
     (837      (1,877      (1,687
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
     $ 6,558      $ 2,625      $ 10,895  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Deferred:
                          
Federal
   $ (1,217    $ 60      $ (246
State and local
     (251      13        (54
Foreign
     1,784        (2,265      (49
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
     $ 316      $ (2,192    $ (349
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Income tax expense
   $ 6,874      $ 433      $
 
10,546  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Reconciliation of Statutory Federal Income Tax Rate and Company's Effective Rate
A reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax expense and the Company’s total income tax expense is as
follows:
 
              
              
              
 
  
Years Ended December 31,
 
 
  
2021
 
 
2020
 
 
2019
 
U.S. federal statutory income tax
   $ 11,901      $ (7,397    $ 25  
Decrease in unrecognized tax benefits, net
     (5,014      (5,661      (3,893
Foreign operations
     (3,211      (3,342      (3,561
Change in
tax-related
indemnification assets, net
     1,053        1,189        740  
Non-deductible
executive compensation
     881        399        1,608  
Stock-based compensation tax shortfalls
     647        1,485        1,198  
(Gain)/loss on revaluation of deferred consideration(1)
     (424      11,929        2,378  
Blended state income tax rate, net of federal benefit
     526        (171      237  
Change in valuation allowance – Capital losses
     5        4,448        7,555  
Change in valuation allowance – Foreign net operating losses (“NOLs”) and interest carryforwards
            (2,018      3,997  
Non-taxable
gain on sale – Canadian ETF business
            (740      —    
Other differences, net
     510        312        262  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Income tax expense
   $ 6,874      $ 433      $
 
10,546  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
(1)
The (gain)/loss on revaluation is not adjusted for income taxes as the obligation was assumed by a wholly-owned subsidiary that is based in Jersey, a jurisdiction where the Company is subject to a zero percent tax rate.
 
Schedule of Income Tax Payments By Jurisdiction
A summary of income taxes paid by jurisdiction for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 & 2019 is as
follows:
 
 
  
Years Ended December 31,
 
 
  
2021
 
  
2020
 
  
2019
 
Federal
   $ 4,258      $ 4,470      $ 6,990  
State and local
     1,020        1,353        1,818  
Foreign
     3,178        4,308        1,252  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
     $
 
8,456      $
 
10,131      $
 
10,060  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Summary of Deferred Tax Asset Recorded
A summary of the components of the Company’s deferred tax assets at December 31, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:
 
    
December 31,
 
    
2021
    
2020
 
Deferred tax assets:
                 
Capital losses
   $ 16,601      $ 16,596  
Accrued expenses
     4,993        3,507  
NOLs – Foreign
     1,934        2,167  
Stock-based compensation
     1,359        1,922  
Goodwill and intangible assets
     1,276        1,466  
Unrealized losses
     614        —    
Interest carryforwards
     437        2,235  
NOLs – U.S.
     382        510  
Outside basis differences
     122        122  
Operating lease liabilities
            4,953  
Other
     376        111  
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Deferred tax assets
     28,094        33,589  
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Deferred tax liabilities:
                 
Fixed assets and prepaid assets
     257        1,261  
Foreign currency translation adjustment
     181        293  
Unremitted earnings – International subsidiaries
     118        138  
Allocated equity component of Convertible Notes
            1,022  
Right of use assets – operating leases
            3,927  
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Deferred tax liabilities
     556        6,641  
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total deferred tax assets less deferred tax liabilities
     27,538        26,948  
Less: Valuation allowance
     (18,657      (18,885
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Deferred tax assets, net
   $ 8,881      $ 8,063  
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Schedule of Changes in Balance of Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits
The table below sets forth the aggregate changes in the balance of these gross unrecognized tax benefits:
 
    
Total
    
Unrecognized
Tax Benefits
    
Interest and
Penalties
 
Balance on January 1, 2020
   $ 32,101      $ 25,998      $ 6,103  
Decrease - Lapse of statute of limitations
(1)
     (5,981      (4,620      (1,361
Increases
     320        —          320  
Foreign currency translation
(2)
     576        472        104  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2020
   $ 27,016      $ 21,850      $ 5,166  
Decrease - Lapse of statute of limitations
(1)
     (5,171      (3,559      (1,612
Increases
     173        —          173  
Foreign currency translation
(2)
     (93      (73      (20
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2021
   $
 
21,925      $ 18,218      $ 3,707  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
(1)
Recorded as an income tax benefit along with an equal and offsetting amount recorded in other losses and gains, net, to recognize a reduction in the indemnification asset.
(2)
The gross unrecognized tax benefits were accrued in British pounds.