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REVENUE
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
REVENUE
3.    REVENUE
Contract Balances
Contract assets and liabilities were as follows:
December 31, 2023December 31, 2022January 1, 2022
Contract assets:
Billed accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses$62,407 $45,337 $22,286 
Unbilled accounts receivable5,011 8,397 12,110 
Total contract assets$67,418 $53,734 $34,396 
Contract liabilities:   
Deferred revenue$140,089 $118,777 $98,488 
Total contract liabilities$140,089 $118,777 $98,488 
Revenue recognized during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 that was included in the corresponding deferred revenue balance at the beginning of each year was $116,002, $92,806, and $74,775.
Impairment losses related to contract assets were not material during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021.
Remaining Performance Obligations
Remaining performance obligations represent contracted revenue that has not yet been recognized, which includes deferred revenue in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and unbilled amounts that will be recognized as revenue in future periods. As of December 31, 2023, we had remaining performance obligations of $320,936 and expect to recognize approximately 68% as revenue over the next 12 months and the remainder thereafter.
Costs to Obtain and Fulfill Contracts
The following table presents our capitalization and amortization of commissions and related payroll tax expenditures recorded within sales and marketing in the Consolidated Statements of Operations:
Year Ended December 31,
Commissions and related payroll tax expenditures:202320222021
Capitalization$17,094 $17,766 $14,217 
Amortization12,291 12,618 8,197 
Deferred commissions and related payroll tax expenditures included in deferred costs and in other assets were as follows:
December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Deferred costs, net$13,168 $13,300 
Other assets15,361 10,426 
During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recognized an impairment loss of $2,915, within general and administrative in the Consolidated Statement of Operations, on deferred partner fees that we do not expect to recover from Russian educator partners whose content we removed from our platform. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we recognized an impairment loss of $2,008, within sales and marketing in the Consolidated Statements of Operations, on content development grants that we do not expect to recover related to our Degrees segment.