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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2024
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | MONARCH CASINO & RESORT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT S ​ NOTE 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES ​ Basis of Presentation ​ Monarch Casino & Resort, Inc. was incorporated in 1993. Through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Golden Road Motor Inn, Inc. (“Golden Road”), Monarch owns and operates the Atlantis Casino Resort Spa, a hotel and casino in Reno, Nevada (the “Atlantis”). In addition, Monarch’s wholly owned subsidiaries, High Desert Sunshine, Inc. (“High Desert”), Golden East, Inc. (“Golden East”) and Golden North, Inc. (“Golden North”), each owns separate parcels of land located proximate to the Atlantis. Monarch’s wholly owned subsidiary Monarch Growth Inc. (“Monarch Growth”), formed in 2011, owns and operates Monarch Casino Resort Spa Black Hawk, a hotel and casino in Black Hawk, Colorado (the “Monarch Black Hawk”). Monarch owns a parcel of land with an industrial warehouse located between Denver, Colorado and Monarch Casino Resort Spa Black Hawk. Monarch also owns Chicago Dogs Eatery, Inc. and Monarch Promotional Association, both of which were formed in relation to licensure requirements for extended hours of liquor operation in Black Hawk, Colorado. ​ The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Monarch and its subsidiaries. Intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated. Reference to the number of square feet or acreage are unaudited and considered outside the scope of our independent registered public accounting firm’s audit of our consolidated financial statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. ​ Unless otherwise indicated, “Monarch,” “Company,” “we,” “our,” and “us,” refer to Monarch Casino & Resort, Inc. and its subsidiaries. ​ Use of Estimates ​ In preparing financial statements in conformity with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and revenues and expenses during the year. Actual results could differ from those estimates. ​ Segment Reporting ​ The accounting guidance for disclosures about segments of an enterprise and related information requires separate financial information to be disclosed for all reporting segments of a business. The Company determined that the Company’s two operating segments, Atlantis and Monarch Black Hawk, meet all of the aggregation criteria stipulated by ASC 280-10-50-11. The Company views each property as an operating segment and the two operating segments have been aggregated into one reporting segment. ​ The Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) is our Chief Executive Officer. The CODM assesses performance for our properties and decides how to allocate resources based on net income as reported on our Consolidated Statements of Income. The measure of segment assets is reported on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as total assets. ​ Our operating revenues are recognized with the delivery of products or when services are performed at either of our operating segments. Our significant segment expenses as monitored by the CODM are shown in the table below. This breakout of expenses is used by the CODM to monitor and assess the financial performance by comparing actual results to prior years and plans (in thousands). ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Year Ended December 31, | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | 2024 | ​ | ​ | 2023 | ​ | ​ | 2022 | ​
Net revenues | ​ | $ | 522,186 | ​ | $ | 501,478 | ​ | $ | 477,870 | ​
Operating Expenses | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Labor expense | ​ | ​ | 158,904 | ​ | ​ | 153,705 | ​ | ​ | 143,053 | ​
Cost of sales | ​ | ​ | 44,866 | ​ | ​ | 42,041 | ​ | ​ | 40,629 | ​
Tax and license expense [a] | ​ | ​ | 76,518 | ​ | ​ | 73,288 | ​ | ​ | 67,553 | ​
Other operating expense [b] | ​ | ​ | 69,368 | ​ | ​ | 69,088 | ​ | ​ | 64,645 | ​
Depreciation and amortization | ​ | ​ | 51,359 | ​ | ​ | 47,294 | ​ | ​ | 43,433 | ​
Other operating items, net [c] | ​ | ​ | 28,668 | ​ | ​ | 5,910 | ​ | ​ | 7,115 | ​
Interest expense, net | ​ | ​ | 104 | ​ | ​ | 1,625 | ​ | ​ | 2,420 | ​
Income tax expense | ​ | ​ | 19,630 | ​ | ​ | 26,079 | ​ | ​ | 21,543 | ​
Total expenses | ​ | $ | 449,417 | ​ | $ | 419,030 | ​ | $ | 390,391 | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Net income | ​ | $ | 72,769 | ​ | $ | 82,448 | ​ | $ | 87,479 | ​
[a] Tax and license includes gaming taxes and licenses, commerce taxes, use taxes and property taxes. [b] Operating expenses includes expenses for casino, food and beverage, hotel, other, selling general and administrative expenses excluding payroll and payroll related, cost of sales, tax and license. [c] Other operating items, net includes construction litigation expenses, insurance claims proceeds, net, and (gain) loss on disposition of assets. ​ Cash and Cash Equivalents ​ Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and in bank, as well as money market funds with an original maturity of 90 days or less. ​ Inventories ​ Inventories, consisting primarily of food, beverages, and retail merchandise, are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is determined by the weighted average and specific identification methods. Net realizable value is defined by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) as estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. ​ Property and Equipment ​ Property and Equipment, net consists of the following (in thousands): ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | December 31, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023 |
Land | ​ | $ | 34,688 | ​ | $ | 34,688 | ​
Land improvements | ​ |  | 11,263 | ​ |  | 11,045 | ​
Buildings | ​ |  | 474,469 | ​ |  | 474,724 | ​
Building improvements | ​ |  | 122,059 | ​ |  | 100,822 | ​
Furniture and equipment | ​ |  | 251,605 | ​ |  | 254,486 | ​
Construction in progress | ​ |  | 17,722 | ​ |  | 9,552 | ​
Right of use assets | ​ | ​ | 13,995 | ​ | ​ | 14,874 | ​
Leasehold improvements | ​ |  | 4,498 | ​ |  | 4,245 | ​
​ | ​ |  | 930,299 | ​ |  | 904,436 | ​
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | ​ |  | (355,012) | ​ |  | (323,939) | ​
Property and equipment, net | ​ | $ | 575,287 | ​ | $ | 580,497 | ​
​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​
​ Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Property and equipment is depreciated principally on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives as follows: ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Land improvements |  | 15 | - | 40 | years
Buildings |  | 30 | - | 40 | years
Building improvements |  | 5 | - | 40 | years
Right of use assets | ​ | 5 | - | 40 | years
Leasehold improvements | ​ | 5 | - | 40 | years
Furniture |  | 5 | - | 10 | years
Equipment |  | 3 | - | 20 | years
​ The Company recorded $51.2 million, $47.1 million and $43.3 million depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. ​ The Company evaluates property and equipment and other long-lived assets for impairment in accordance with the guidance for accounting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets. ​ For assets to be disposed of, the Company recognizes the asset to be sold at the lower of carrying value or fair value less costs of disposal. Fair value for assets to be disposed of is generally estimated based on comparable asset sales, solicited offers or a discounted cash flow model. ​ For assets to be held and used, the Company reviews fixed assets for impairment indicators at the end of the fiscal year and whenever indicators of impairment exist. If an indicator of impairment exists, we compare the estimated future cash flows of the asset, on an undiscounted basis, to the carrying value of the asset. If the undiscounted cash flows exceed the carrying value, no impairment is indicated. If the undiscounted cash flows do not exceed the carrying value, the impairment is measured based on fair value compared to carrying value, with fair value typically based on a discounted cash flow model or market comparable, when available. For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, there were no impairment charges. ​ Goodwill: ​ The Company accounts for goodwill in accordance with ASC Topic 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (“ASC Topic 350”). ASC Topic 350 gives companies the option to perform a qualitative assessment that may allow them to skip the quantitative test as appropriate. The Company tests its goodwill for impairment annually during the fourth quarter of each year, or whenever events or circumstances make it more likely than not that impairment may have occurred. Impairment testing for goodwill is performed at the reporting unit level, and each of the Company’s casino properties is considered to be a reporting unit. ​ Goodwill consists of the excess of the acquisition cost over the fair value of the net assets acquired in business combinations in April 2012. As of December 31, 2024, we had goodwill totaling $25.1 million related to the purchase of Monarch Casino Resort Spa Black Hawk, Inc. ​ The Company performed its annual goodwill impairment assessment. Based on the impairment assessment, we do not believe that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying amount. Accordingly, the two-step impairment test is not necessary. ​ Self-insurance Reserves ​ We are currently self-insured up to certain stop loss amounts for Atlantis workers’ compensation and certain medical benefit costs provided to all of our employees. As required by the state of Colorado, we are fully insured for Monarch Black Hawk workers’ compensation costs. The Company reviews self-insurance reserves at least quarterly. The reserve is determined by reviewing the actual expenditures for the previous twelve-month period and reports prepared by the third-party plan administrator for any significant unpaid claims. The Company engages a third-party actuarial firm at least once per year for a more precise reserves review and calculation. The reserve is an amount estimated to pay both reported and unreported claims as of the balance sheet date, which management believes is adequate. ​ Revenue Recognition ​ The majority of the Company’s revenue is recognized when products are delivered or services are performed. For certain revenue transactions (when a patron uses a club loyalty card), in accordance with Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09 (“ASC 606”), a portion of the revenue is deferred until the points earned by the patron are redeemed or expire. Casino revenue: Casino revenues represent the net win from gaming activity, which is the difference between the amounts won and lost, which represents the transaction price. Jackpots, other than the incremental amount of progressive jackpots, are recognized at the time they are won by customers. Funds deposited by customers in advance and outstanding chips and slot tickets in the customers’ possession are recognized as a liability until such amounts are redeemed or used in gaming play by the customer. Additionally, net win is reduced by the performance obligations for the players’ club program, progressive jackpots and any pre-arranged marker discounts. Progressive jackpot provisions are recognized in two components: 1) as wagers are made for the share of players’ wagers that are contributed to the progressive jackpot award, and 2) as jackpots are won for the portion of the progressive jackpot award contributed by the Company. Cash discounts and other cash incentives to guests related to gaming play are recorded as a reduction to gaming revenue. ​ Players’ Club Program: The Company operates a players’ club program under which as players perform gaming activities they earn and accumulate points, which may be redeemed for a variety of goods and services. Given the significance of the players’ club program and the ability for members to bank such points based on their past play, the Company has determined that players’ club program points granted in conjunction with gaming activity constitute a material right and, as such, represent a performance obligation associated with the gaming contracts. At the time points are earned, the Company recognizes deferred revenue at the standalone selling prices (“SSP”) of the goods and services that the points are expected to be redeemed for, with a corresponding decrease in gaming revenue. The points estimated SSP is computed as the cash redemption value of the points expected to be redeemed, which is determined through an analysis of all redemption activity over the preceding twelve-month period. ​ As of December 31, 2024, and 2023, the Company had estimated the obligations related to the players’ club program at $8.1 million and $8.8 million, respectively, which is included in Accrued Expenses in the Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity section in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. ​ Food and Beverage, Hotel and Other (retail) Revenues: Food and Beverage, Hotel and Other Revenues have been determined to be separate, stand-alone performance obligations and in general the revenue is recognized when products are delivered or services are performed and is the net amount collected from the customer for such goods and services. The Company recognizes revenue related to the products and services associated with the players points’ redemptions at the time products are delivered or services are performed, with corresponding reduction in the deferred revenue, at SSP. Other complimentaries in conjunction with the gaming and other business are also valued at SSP. The cost of providing these complimentary goods and services is included as expenses within their respective categories. Hotel revenue is presented net of rebates and commissions provided directly to the convention groups. Other Revenues: Other revenues (excluding retail) primarily consist of commissions received on ATM transactions and cash advances, which are recorded on a net basis as the Company represents the agent in its relationship with the third-party service providers, and commissions and fees received in connection with pari-mutuel wagering, which are also recorded on a net basis. Sales and other taxes: Sales taxes and other taxes collected from customers on behalf of governmental authorities are accounted for on a net basis and are not included in revenues or operating expenses. In addition, tips and other gratuities, excluding service charges, collected from customers on behalf of the Company’s employees are also accounted for on a net basis and are not included in revenues or operating expenses. ​ Casino Jackpots ​ The Company does not accrue a liability for base jackpots because it has the ability to avoid such payment as gaming devices can legally be removed from the gaming floor without payment of the base amount. When the Company is unable to avoid payment of a jackpot such as the incremental jackpot amounts of progressive-type slot machines, due to legal requirements, the jackpot is accrued as the obligation becomes unavoidable. This liability is accrued over the time period in which the incremental progressive jackpot amount is generated commensurate with a corresponding reduction in casino revenue. ​ Gaming Taxes ​ The Company is subject to taxes based on gross gaming revenue in the jurisdictions in which it operates, subject to applicable jurisdictional adjustments. These gaming taxes are an assessment on the Company’s gaming revenue and are recorded as casino expense in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income. These taxes totaled $66.7 million, $62.9 million and $58.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. ​ Advertising Costs ​ All advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expense, which is included in selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income, was $ 9.4 million, $9.0 million and $9.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. ​ Other Operating items, net ​ Other operating items, net, in general consist of miscellaneous operating charges. For the year ended December 31, 2024, Other operating items, net was $28.7 million and included: $27.6 million loss relating to the principal judgment on the litigation between Monarch and PCL, $0.8 million in professional service fees relating to our construction litigation; and $0.3 million in loss on disposal of assets. For the year ended December 31, 2023, Other operating items, net, was $5.9 million and included: $6.9 million in professional service fees relating to our construction litigation; and $0.2 million in loss on disposal of assets, offset by $1.2 million net proceeds from a sale of a COVID closure related insurance claim. For the year ended December 31, 2022, Other operating items, net, was $7.1 million and included: $7.3 million in professional service fees relating to our construction litigation, offset by $0.1 million of gain on disposed assets and $0.1 million of insurance claims proceeds. ​ Income Taxes ​ Income taxes are recorded in accordance with the liability method pursuant to authoritative guidance. Under the asset and liability approach for financial accounting and reporting for income taxes, the following basic principles are applied in accounting for income taxes at the date of the financial statements: (a) a current liability or asset is recognized for the estimated taxes payable or refundable on taxes for the current year; (b) a deferred income tax liability or asset is recognized for the estimated future tax effects attributable to temporary differences, carryback and carryforwards; (c) the measurement of current and deferred tax liabilities and assets is based on the provisions of the enacted tax law; the effects of future changes in tax laws or rates are not anticipated; and (d) the measurement of deferred income taxes is reduced, if necessary, by the amount of any tax benefits that, based upon available evidence, are not expected to be realized. ​ Under the accounting guidance, we may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50.0% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. ​ Stock-based Compensation ​ The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with the authoritative guidance requiring that compensation cost relating to stock-based payment transactions be recognized in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income. The cost is measured at the grant date, based on the calculated fair value of the award using the Black-Scholes option pricing model for stock options, and based on the closing share price of the Company’s stock on the grant date for restricted stock awards. The cost is recognized as an expense over the employee’s requisite service period (the vesting period of the equity award). The Company’s stock-based employee compensation plan is more fully discussed in NOTE 9. ​ Earnings Per Share ​ Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing reported net earnings by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share reflect the additional dilution for all potentially dilutive securities such as stock options. ​ The following is a reconciliation of the number of shares (denominator) used in the basic and diluted earnings per share computations (in thousands, except per share data): ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Years ended December 31, | ​
​ | ​ | 2024 | ​ | 2023 | ​ | 2022 | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | Per Share |  | ​ |  | Per Share |  | ​ |  | Per Share |
​ | ​ | Shares | ​ | Amount | ​ | Shares | ​ | Amount | ​ | Shares | ​ | Amount | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Basic |  | 18,611 |  | $ | 3.91 |  | 19,244 |  | $ | 4.28 |  | 18,996 |  | $ | 4.60 | ​
Effect of dilutive stock options |  | 360 | ​ |  | (0.07) |  | 374 | ​ |  | (0.08) |  | 582 | ​ |  | (0.13) | ​
Diluted |  | 18,971 |  | $ | 3.84 |  | 19,618 |  | $ | 4.20 |  | 19,578 |  | $ | 4.47 | ​
​ The following table represents weighted average number of shares that are antidilutive because the weighted average assumed proceeds per share are greater than the options’ exercise prices: ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | Years ended December 31, | ​
​ | ​ |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |
Weighted Average Options to purchase shares of common shares |  | ​ | ​ | 859,450 | ​ | ​ | 665,019 | ​ | ​ | 555,639 | ​
Weighted Average Proceeds per Share |  | ​ | $ | 73.26 | - | $ | 120.18 | ​ | $ | 69.40 | - | $ | 115.32 | ​ | $ | 70.47 | - | $ | 121.40 | ​
Expiration dates (month/year) |  | ​ | ​ | 6/2031-12/2034 | ​ | ​ | 03/2031-12/2033 | ​ | ​ | 12/2030-12/2032 | ​
​ Fair Value of Financial Instruments ​ The estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments has been determined by the Company, using available market information and valuation methodologies. However, considerable judgment is required to develop the estimates of fair value; thus, the estimates provided herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that the Company could realize in a current market exchange. ​ The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, account receivables, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of these instruments. Additionally, the carrying value of our long-term debt approximates fair value due to the variable nature of applicable interest rates and relative short-term maturity. ​ Concentrations of Credit Risk and Credit Losses ​ Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of bank deposits and trade receivables. ​ The Company accounts for credit losses in accordance with ASU 2016-13 using a forward-looking expected loss model. ​ The Company maintains its surplus cash in bank accounts which, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts. ​ The Company extends short-term credit to its gaming customers. Such credit is non-interest bearing and is due on demand. In addition, the Company also has receivables due from hotel guests and convention groups and events, which are primarily secured with a credit card. An allowance for doubtful accounts is determined to reduce the Company’s receivables to their carrying value, which approximates fair value. The allowance is estimated based on historical collection experience, specific review of individual customer accounts, current economic and business conditions and management’s expectations of future economic and business conditions. The allowance is applied even when the risk of credit loss is remote. When a situation warrants, the Company may create a specific identification reserve for a high collection risk receivables. The Company writes off its uncollectible receivables once all efforts have been made to collect such receivables. Recoveries of accounts previously written off are recorded when received. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to gaming and non-gaming receivables are limited due to the large number of customers comprising the Company’s customer base. Historically, the Company has not incurred any significant credit-related losses. ​ As of the end of each of the years ending December 31, 2024, and 2023, the Company has recorded a reserve of $0.2 million and $0.1 million, respectively, for gaming and non-gaming receivables. ​ The Company believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and accounts receivable. ​ Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Standards ​ In November 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. (ASU) 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires business entities to enhance disclosures about significant segment expenses. We adopted the ASU effective for fiscal year ended December 31, 2024. The adoption of this ASU only impacted our disclosures. See Segment Reporting section in Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. ​ In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires business entities to expand their annual disclosures of the effective rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, may be adopted on a prospective or retrospective basis, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the new guidance will have on our related disclosures. ​ In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which requires business entities to disclose, for interim and annual reporting periods, additional information about certain income statement expense categories. The requirements are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and for interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Entities are permitted to apply either the prospective or retrospective transition methods. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements. ​ A variety of proposed or otherwise potential accounting standards are currently under review and study by standard-setting organizations and certain regulatory agencies. Because of the tentative and preliminary nature of such proposed standards, we have not yet determined the effect, if any, the implementation of any such proposed or revised standards would have on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

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