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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2015
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Roll-Forward of Unrecognized Tax Benefits and Associated Accrued Interest and Penalties

A roll-forward of unrecognized tax benefits and associated accrued interest and penalties is as follows:

 

(in millions)

   Interest and
Penalties
    Unrecognized
Tax Benefits
    Total  

Opening balance at January 1, 2013

   $ 0.6      $ 12.2      $ 12.8   

Additions for tax positions of prior periods

     0.6        0.2        0.8   

Reductions due to lapsed statutes of limitations

     (0.1     (0.5     (0.6
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Closing balance at December 31, 2013

     1.1        11.9        13.0   

Current

     (0.6     (6.2     (6.8
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-current

   $ 0.5      $ 5.7      $ 6.2   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Opening balance at January 1, 2014

   $ 1.1      $ 11.9      $ 13.0   

Reductions for tax positions of prior periods

     (0.4     (3.6     (4.0

Additions for tax positions of prior periods

     0.0        0.1        0.1   

Additions for current year tax positions

     0.0        0.2        0.2   

Reductions due to lapsed statutes of limitations

     (0.2     (2.9     (3.1
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Closing balance at December 31, 2014

     0.5        5.7        6.2   

Current

     0.0        0.0        0.0   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-current

   $ 0.5      $ 5.7      $ 6.2   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Opening balance at January 1, 2015

   $ 0.5      $ 5.7      $ 6.2   

Reductions for tax positions of prior periods

     0.0        0.0        0.0   

Additions for tax positions of prior periods

     0.1        0.3        0.4   

Additions for current year tax positions

     0.0        1.2        1.2   

Reductions due to lapsed statutes of limitations

     (0.3     (3.6     (3.9
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Closing balance at December 31, 2015

     0.3        3.6        3.9   

Current

     0.0        0.0        0.0   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-current

   $ 0.3      $ 3.6      $ 3.9   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
Sources of Income before Income Taxes

The sources of income before income taxes were as follows:

 

(in millions)

   2015      2014      2013  

Domestic

   $ 52.7       $ 15.2       $ 10.0   

Foreign

     99.6         95.7         82.8   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 152.3       $ 110.9       $ 92.8   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
Components of Income Tax Charges

The components of income tax charges are summarized as follows:

 

(in millions)

   2015      2014      2013  

Current:

        

Federal

   $ 5.2       $ 4.5       $ 0.8   

State and local

     1.3         2.1         0.8   

Foreign

     14.3         14.9         6.8   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
     20.8         21.5         8.4   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Deferred:

        

Federal

     12.8         3.3         1.7   

State and local

     0.5         0.3         0.1   

Foreign

     (1.3      1.7         4.8   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
     12.0         5.3         6.6   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 32.8       $ 26.8       $ 15.0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
Factors Effecting Effective Tax Rate from U.S. Federal Statutory Rate

The effective tax rate varies from the U.S. federal statutory rate because of the factors indicated below:

 

      2015     2014     2013  

Statutory rate

     35.0     35.0     35.0

Foreign income inclusions

     1.8        5.5        4.2   

Foreign tax rate differential

     (9.6     (14.6     (14.6

Tax charge/(credit) from previous years

     (0.5     4.7        (2.9

Net charge/(credit) from unrecognized tax benefits

     (1.5     (6.2     0.2   

Foreign currency translation

     (1.9     1.0        (2.7

Other items and adjustments, net

     (1.1     (1.2     (3.9

United Kingdom income tax rate reduction

     (0.7     0.0        0.9   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     21.5     24.2     16.2
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
Details of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

Details of deferred tax assets and liabilities are analyzed as follows:

 

(in millions)

   2015      2014  

Deferred tax assets:

     

Foreign tax credits

   $ 0.0       $ 0.8   

Accrued expenses

     0.3         0.3   

Stock options

     5.2         5.0   

Excess of tax over book basis in property, plant and equipment

     0.1         0.4   

Net operating loss carry forwards

     2.7         0.6   

Pension assets

     0.6         0.7   

Intangible assets

     3.3         5.3   

Accretion expense

     4.8         0.9   

Other

     5.0         4.5   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal

     22.0         18.5   

Less valuation allowance

     0.0         0.0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total net deferred tax assets

   $ 22.0       $ 18.5   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Deferred tax liabilities:

     

Excess of book over tax basis in property, plant and equipment

   $ (4.1    $ (2.7

Goodwill amortization

     (11.3      (13.0

Intangible amortization

     (23.4      (7.2

Pension liabilities

     (10.0      (9.0

Other

     (0.7      (0.5
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total deferred tax liabilities

   $ (49.5    $ (32.4
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net deferred tax liability

   $ (27.5    $ (13.9
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Current portion of deferred tax assets

   $ 8.8       $ 8.4   

Deferred tax assets, net of current portion

     1.4         0.7   

Current portion of deferred tax liabilities

     0.0         0.0   

Deferred tax liabilities, net of current portion

     (37.7      (23.0
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ (27.5    $ (13.9