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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Roll-Forward of Unrecognized Tax Benefits and Associated Accrued Interest and Penalties

A roll-forward of unrecognized tax benefits and associated accrued interest and penalties is as follows:

 

(in millions)

   Interest and
Penalties
    Unrecognized
Tax Benefits
    Total  

Opening balance at January 1, 2014

   $ 1.1      $ 11.9      $ 13.0   

Reductions for tax positions of prior periods

     (0.4     (3.6     (4.0

Additions for tax positions of prior periods

     0.0        0.1        0.1   

Additions for current year tax positions

     0.0        0.2        0.2   

Reductions due to lapsed statutes of limitations

     (0.2     (2.9     (3.1
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Closing balance at December 31, 2014

     0.5        5.7        6.2   

Current

     0.0        0.0        0.0   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-current

   $ 0.5      $ 5.7      $ 6.2   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Opening balance at January 1, 2015

   $ 0.5      $ 5.7      $ 6.2   

Reductions for tax positions of prior periods

     0.0        0.0        0.0   

Additions for tax positions of prior periods

     0.1        0.3        0.4   

Additions for current year tax positions

     0.0        1.2        1.2   

Reductions due to lapsed statutes of limitations

     (0.3     (3.6     (3.9
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Closing balance at December 31, 2015

     0.3        3.6        3.9   

Current

     0.0        0.0        0.0   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-current

   $ 0.3      $ 3.6      $ 3.9   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Opening balance at January 1, 2016

   $ 0.3      $ 3.6      $ 3.9   

Reductions for tax positions of prior periods

     (0.1     (0.6     (0.7

Additions for tax positions of prior periods

     0.0        0.0        0.0   

Additions for current year tax positions

     0.0        0.0        0.0   

Reductions due to lapsed statutes of limitations

     (0.1     (0.8     (0.9
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Closing balance at December 31, 2016

     0.1        2.2        2.3   

Current

     0.0        0.0        0.0   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-current

   $ 0.1      $ 2.2      $ 2.3   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
Sources of Income before Income Taxes

The sources of income before income taxes were as follows:

 

(in millions)

   2016      2015      2014  

Domestic

   $ 16.8       $ 52.7       $ 15.2   

Foreign

     86.3         99.6         95.7   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 103.1       $ 152.3       $ 110.9   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
Components of Income Tax Expense

The components of income tax expense are summarized as follows:

 

(in millions)

   2016      2015      2014  

Current:

        

Federal

   $ 4.4       $ 5.2       $ 4.5   

State and local

     1.1         1.3         2.1   

Foreign

     15.3         14.3         14.9   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
     20.8         20.8         21.5   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Deferred:

        

Federal

     (0.7      12.8         3.3   

State and local

     (0.3      0.5         0.3   

Foreign

     2.0         (1.3      1.7   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
     1.0         12.0         5.3   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 21.8       $ 32.8       $ 26.8   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
Factors Effecting Effective Tax Rate from U.S. Federal Statutory Rate

The effective tax rate varies from the U.S. federal statutory rate because of the factors indicated below:

 

      2016     2015     2014  

Statutory rate

     35.0     35.0     35.0

Foreign income inclusions

     1.0        1.8        5.5   

Foreign tax rate differential

     (16.6     (9.6     (14.6

Tax (credit)/charge from previous years

     (0.7     (0.5     4.7   

Net (credit) from unrecognized tax benefits

     (1.6     (1.5     (6.2

Foreign currency transactions

     2.4        (1.9     1.0   

United Kingdom income tax rate reduction

     (0.6     (0.7     0.0   

Other items and adjustments, net

     2.2        (1.1     (1.2
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     21.1     21.5     24.2
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

Details of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

Details of deferred tax assets and liabilities are analyzed as follows:

 

(in millions)

   2016      2015  

Deferred tax assets:

     

Stock options

   $ 5.5       $ 5.2   

Net operating loss carry forwards

     18.2         2.7   

Intangible assets

     3.7         3.3   

Accretion expense

     5.1         4.8   

Other

     9.5         6.0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Subtotal

     42.0         22.0   

Less valuation allowance

     0.0         0.0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total net deferred tax assets

   $ 42.0       $ 22.0   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Deferred tax liabilities:

     

Excess of book over tax basis in property, plant and equipment

   $ (13.0    $ (4.1

Goodwill amortization

     (11.3      (11.3

Intangible amortization

     (26.7      (23.4

Pension liabilities

     (8.2      (10.0

Other

     (0.2      (0.7
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total deferred tax liabilities

   $ (59.4    $ (49.5
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net deferred tax liability

   $ (17.4    $ (27.5
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Current portion of deferred tax assets

   $ 0.0       $ 8.8   

Deferred tax assets, net of current portion

     14.9         1.4   

Current portion of deferred tax liabilities

     0.0         0.0   

Deferred tax liabilities, net of current portion

     (32.3      (37.7
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ (17.4    $ (27.5