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COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES  
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

17. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Capital commitments

As of December 31, 2019, commitments outstanding for the purchases of property, plant and equipment approximated $53.9 million, which will be due subsequent to receipt of the purchases.

Lease commitments

The operating lease commitments as of December 31, 2019 were principally for the office rental from Daqo Group. The lease expense was $37,756,  $38,633 and $69,028 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively.

Future minimum lease payments are as follows:

 

 

 

 

Year ending December 31, 

    

$

 

2020

 

 

90,565

2021

 

 

90,318

2022

 

 

23,864

Total

 

 

204,747