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CONCENTRATION AND RISK | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2021
CONCENTRATION AND RISK |
CONCENTRATION OF CUSTOMERS | 19. CONCENTRATION AND RISKS The following customers individually accounted for 10% or more of revenues: ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Year ended December 31, |
​ |  | 2019 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |
Customer A |  | $ | 187,217 | ​ | $ | 369,333 | ​ | $ | 532,129 | ​
Customer B | ​ | ​ | * | ​ | ​ | 67,431 | ​ | ​ | 230,088 | ​
Customer D | ​ | ​ | * | ​ | ​ | * | ​ | ​ | 268,466 | ​
Customer E | ​ | $ | 84,226 | ​ | $ | 126,759 | ​ | $ | 225,899 | ​
*Represents less than 10% Total sales to the Group’s large customers whose sales constitute over 10% of revenue accounted for approximately 78%, 83% and 75% of revenues for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively. The Group is substantially dependent upon the continued participation of these customers in order to maintain its revenues. Significantly reduction in the Group’s dependence on these customers is likely to take time and there can be no assurance that the Group will succeed in reducing such dependence. The Group’s polysilicon manufacturing facilities are located in Xinjiang to be close to sources of raw materials and energy for polysilicon production. Raw materials required for the Group’s polysilicon manufacturing process primarily include metallurgical grade silicon, electricity and other utilities, and other significant inputs for production, such as argon gas, caustic soda and graphite parts. The Group purchased most of its metallurgical grade silicon from two suppliers in Xinjiang. Most of the electricity and other utilities like steam are purchased from one supplier in Xinjiang. Although there are a limited number of manufacturers of the particular metallurgical grade silicon, electricity and other utilities, management believes that other suppliers could provide similar inputs on comparable terms. A change in suppliers, however, could cause a delay in manufacturing and a possible loss of sales, which would affect operating results adversely.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for any concentrations existing at the date of the financial statements that make an entity vulnerable to a reasonably possible, near-term, severe impact. This disclosure informs financial statement users about the general nature of the risk associated with the concentration, and may indicate the percentage of concentration risk as of the balance sheet date. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 275 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2134479 + Details
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