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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Operating activities:      
Net income (loss) $ (448,154) $ 652,886 $ 2,479,642
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Share-based compensation 71,790 141,918 307,447
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 206,358 148,889 107,097
Prepaid land use rights 3,318 2,368 1,220
Loss on disposal of property plant and equipment 18,913 4,379 8,904
Inventory write-down 81,398 4,519 0
Fair value change of short-term investments (29) (110) (1,110)
Long-lived assets impairment 175,627    
Allowance for expected credit loss 18,072    
Others (7,346) 3,396 8,407
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:      
Notes receivable 58,861 987,481 (816,238)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (81,466) (136,182) (14,923)
Advances to suppliers 3,570 (13,543) 2,341
Inventories (62,583) (13,079) 138,258
Amounts due from related parties 60 (88) (4)
Accounts payable (64,826) 13,365 6,999
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (38,318) 24,874 14,241
Income tax payable (88,119) (126,117) 160,058
Advances from customers (191,311) (7,338) (3,616)
Amounts due to related parties 137 (50) (124)
Deferred government subsidies (538) (547) (1,005)
Deferred taxes (91,962) (70,079) 65,058
Others 1,125 (900)  
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities (435,423) 1,616,042 2,462,652
Investing activities:      
Purchases of property, plant and equipment (358,828) (1,110,738) (1,205,330)
Purchases of land use rights (10,091) (76,102) (45,188)
Proceeds from disposal of land use rights   3,955  
Purchase of short-term investments (2,082,454)   (46,192)
Redemption of short-term investments 2,069,285 13,701 298,294
Purchase of fixed-term deposit (2,121,240) (26,771)  
Redemption of fixed term deposit 1,022,548    
Net cash used in investing activities (1,480,780) (1,195,955) (998,416)
Financing activities:      
Proceeds from bank borrowings   140,000 178,752
Repayment of bank borrowings   (140,000) (178,752)
Proceeds from options exercised 57 4 995
Acquisition of minority interest of a subsidiary     (776)
Payments for repurchase of common shares (5,003) (485,931) (124,929)
Proceeds from subsidiary's follow-on offering of its equity interests, net of issuance costs paid of $9.4 million     1,630,563
Subsidiary's dividend payment (35,843) (303,658) (33,762)
Payments for repurchase of shares by subsidiary (7,649) (36,204)  
Proceeds from exercise of subsidiary's stock options 1,082 30,391  
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (47,356) (795,398) 1,472,091
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (46,048) (97,084) (139,942)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (2,009,607) (472,395) 2,796,385
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the beginning of the year 3,047,956 3,520,351 723,966
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of the year 1,038,349 3,047,956 3,520,351
Cash and cash equivalents 1,006,536 3,038,827 3,499,488
Restricted cash 31,813 9,129 20,863
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the statements of cash flows 1,038,349 3,047,956 3,520,351
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:      
Interest paid, net of capitalized interest   4,719 7,926
Income taxes paid 102,496 289,529 350,583
Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing activities:      
Purchases of property, plant and equipment included in the ending balance of payables 409,472 421,024 251,127
Purchase of property, plant and equipment included in the ending balance of amounts due to related parties - short-term portion $ 6,028 $ 6,492 $ 4,082