EX-99.1 2 wbtn-20251112xexx991.htm EX-99.1
WEBTOON Entertainment Inc. Reports Third Quarter 2025 Financial Results
Delivered Adjusted EBITDA Above Midpoint of Guidance Range
Third Quarter Revenue Growth of 8.7%; Revenue Growth on a Constant Currency Basis of 9.1%
Net Loss of $11.1 Million; Adjusted EBITDA of $5.1 Million
Strong Balance Sheet With Cash and Cash Equivalents of Approximately $584.6 Million and No Debt
LOS ANGELES, November 12, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- WEBTOON Entertainment Inc. (Nasdaq: WBTN) (“WEBTOON Entertainment” or “the Company”), a leading global entertainment company and home to some of the world’s largest storytelling platforms, today announced results for its third quarter ended September 30, 2025. More information about these results can be found in the Company’s shareholder letter on the investor relations section of its website.
Third Quarter 2025 Highlights (vs. Third Quarter 2024)
•Total revenue of $378.0 million increased 8.7%, driven by growth in Paid Content and IP Adaptations, partially offset by a decline in Advertising.
•Revenue on a constant currency basis was $379.5 million, up 9.1%, driven by growth in Paid Content and IP Adaptations, partially offset by a decline in Advertising.
•Net loss was $11.1 million, compared to net income of $20.0 million in the prior year, due to lower other income as well as a higher income tax expense.
•Adjusted EBITDA was $5.1 million, compared to Adjusted EBITDA of $28.9 million in the prior year. Adjusted EBITDA Margin was 1.4%, compared to 8.3% in the prior year.
•Diluted loss per share was $0.09, compared to diluted earnings per share of $0.15 in the prior year.
•Adjusted Earnings Per Share was $0.04, compared to Adjusted Earnings Per Share of $0.22 in the prior year.
•Cash and cash equivalents of approximately $584.6 million plus another $12.5 million of short-term deposits included in prepaid expenses and other current assets.
Junkoo Kim, Founder and CEO, said, “We are pleased to deliver another quarter that showcased the progress we have made driving product improvements on our platform and providing a greater diversity of content. We achieved Adjusted EBITDA above the midpoint of our guidance and total revenue was up 9.1% on a constant currency basis, driven by constant currency growth in Paid Content and IP Adaptations."
Kim continued, “We made significant progress on our strategic priorities this quarter, including the broadening of our relationship with Disney to develop an all-new digital comics platform and a non-binding agreement for Disney to acquire a 2% equity interest in WEBTOON Entertainment. These milestones mark a powerful next step, creating a strong foundation as we remain focused on becoming the global destination for comics of all kinds. We also continued to drive innovation on our platform during the quarter with new storytelling formats and experiences while launching successful IP adaptations that received global recognition. I am proud of our momentum as we continue to build on WEBTOON’s 20-year track record of success, and I remain confident in our ability to drive further growth over the long-term.”
Fourth Quarter 2025 Outlook
For the fourth quarter 2025, the Company expects:
•Revenue decline on a constant currency basis in the range of 5.1%-2.3%. This represents revenue in the range of $330-$340 million, based on current FX rates.
•Adjusted EBITDA loss in the range of $6.5-$1.5 million, representing an Adjusted EBITDA Margin in the range of (2.0%)-(0.4%).
Adjusted EBITDA guidance includes $16.5 million non-cash expenses of which actuarial losses on retiree benefits and minimum guarantee write-down are the largest contributors.
Warner Bros. Animation Partnership
The Company also announced in a separate press release today plans to develop a slate of animated projects with Warner Bros. Animation. The companies intend to enter into an agreement to co-produce 10 fan-favorite WEBTOON series for global distribution.

Conference Call & Webcast Details
As previously disclosed, the Company will host a webcast and conference call on November 12, 2025, at 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time, to discuss the Company’s financial results for its third quarter ended September 30, 2025.
A live webcast of the conference call will be available online at https://ir.webtoon.com/.
For those unable to listen to the live webcast, an archived version will be available at the same location for up to one year.
About WEBTOON Entertainment Inc.
WEBTOON Entertainment is a leading global entertainment company and home to some of the world's largest storytelling platforms. As the global leader and pioneer of the mobile webcomic format, WEBTOON Entertainment has transformed comics and visual storytelling for fans and creators.
With its CANVAS UGC platform empowering anyone to become a creator, and a growing roster of superstar WEBTOON Originals creators and series, WEBTOON Entertainment’s passionate fandoms are the new face of pop culture. WEBTOON Entertainment's adaptations are available on Netflix, Prime Video, Crunchyroll and other screens around the world, and the company’s content partners include Discord, HYBE and DC Comics, among many others.
With approximately 155 million monthly active users, WEBTOON Entertainment’s IP & Creator Ecosystem of aligned brands and platforms include WEBTOON, Wattpad – the world’s leading webnovel platform – WEBTOON Productions, Studio N, Studio LICO, WEBTOON Unscrolled, LINE Manga and eBookJapan, among others.
Forward Looking Statements
This release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and involves risks, assumptions and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements cover all matters which are not historical facts and include, without limitation, statements or guidance regarding or relating to our future financial position, results of operations and growth, plans and objectives for future capabilities, ability to attract users in both our core and underpenetrated geographies, ability to grow our Paid Content, Advertising and IP Adaptations businesses, the impact of our product development initiatives, including our use of AI, our financial condition and liquidity, and other statements concerning the success of our business and strategies. Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of words such as “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “goal,” “seek,” “believe,” “project,” “estimate,” “expect,” “strategy,” “future,” “likely,” “may,” “should,” “will” and similar references to future periods. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made. They are not assurances of future performance and are based only on our current beliefs, expectations and assumptions regarding the future of our business, future plans and strategies, projections, anticipated events and trends, the economy and other future conditions. Therefore, you should not place undue reliance on any of these forward-looking statements. Although we believe that the forward-looking statements contained in this release are based on reasonable assumptions, you should be aware that many factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those in such forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to: weakness in the economy, market trends, uncertainty and other conditions in the markets in which we operate, and other geopolitical or macroeconomic factors beyond our control; inability to attract, empower, properly support or incentivize our creators; inability to retain, attract and engage with our users; inability to anticipate, understand and appropriately respond to market trends and changing user preferences; failure to retain or increase our paying users; failure to effectively operate in highly competitive markets; inability to innovate and expand our Advertising business; inability to continue to diversify our monetization strategy or to increase revenues from IP Adaptations; failure to control our content-related costs; exposure to significant legal proceedings and regulatory investigations which may result in significant expenses, fines and reputational damage; failure to provide a safe online environment for children; exposure to claims that we violated third parties’ intellectual property rights; failure to obtain, maintain, protect or enforce our proprietary and intellectual property rights; rise of conflicts of interests with NAVER Corporation, our majority stockholder; and other risks and uncertainties set forth under the caption “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 filed by the Company with the SEC on March 11, 2025, and in other filings we make with the SEC in the future.
Additionally, forward-looking statements regarding past trends or activities should not be taken as a representation that such trends or activities will continue in the future. Other than in accordance with our legal or regulatory obligations, we

undertake no obligations to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures & Definitions
This release contains certain financial information that is not presented in conformity with U.S. GAAP. These non-GAAP measures include Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, Adjusted Earnings Per Share (Adjusted EPS), revenue on a constant currency basis and revenue growth on a constant currency basis.
We believe that these non-GAAP measures provide users of the Company’s financial information with additional meaningful information to assist in understanding financial results and assessing the Company’s performance from period to period. Management believes these measures are important indicators of operations because they exclude items that may not be indicative of our core operating results and provide a better baseline for analyzing trends in our underlying businesses, and they are consistent with how business performance is planned, reported and assessed internally by management and the board of directors of the Company. Our non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation, or as substitutes for, financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. Non-GAAP measures have limitations as they do not reflect all the amounts associated with our results of operations as determined in accordance with GAAP, and should only be used to evaluate our results of operations in conjunction with the corresponding or most directly comparable GAAP measures. We strongly encourage investors and shareholders to review our financial statements and publicly filed reports in their entirety and not to rely on any single financial measure.
A reconciliation is provided at the end of this release for each historical non-GAAP financial measure to the most directly comparable financial measure stated in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We encourage investors and shareholders to review the related U.S. GAAP financial measures and the reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures, and not to rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business. We do not provide a reconciliation of forward-looking non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures on a forward-looking basis because we are unable to predict with reasonable certainty or without unreasonable effort non-recurring items that may arise in the future.
Adjusted EBITDA: We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss), adjusted to remove the impact of interest income, interest expense, income tax expense and depreciation and amortization, with further adjustments to eliminate the effects of loss on equity method investments, effect of applying the valuation method of fair value through profit or loss, impairment of goodwill, non-cash stock-based compensation and certain other non-recurring costs.
Adjusted EBITDA Margin: We define Adjusted EBITDA Margin as Adjusted EBITDA divided by revenue.
Adjusted Earnings Per Share (Adjusted EPS): We define Adjusted Earnings Per Share as Earnings Per Share before interest expense, interest income, income tax expense and depreciation and amortization with further adjustments to eliminate the effects of loss on equity method investments, effect of applying the valuation method of fair value through profit or loss, impairment of goodwill, non-cash stock-based compensation and certain other non-recurring costs. We calculate Adjusted Earnings Per Share by making the adjustments described herein from Net Income (Loss) and dividing by basic and diluted weighted average shares of common stock outstanding, respectively, for the applicable period.
Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis: We define revenue on a constant currency basis as revenue adjusted to remove the impact of foreign currency rate fluctuations and the impact of deconsolidated and transferred operations. We calculate revenue on a constant currency basis in a given period by applying the average currency exchange rates in the comparable period of the prior year to the local currency revenue in the current period. We calculate revenue on a constant currency basis in each of our revenue streams – Paid Content, Advertising and IP Adaptations – using the same method as laid out herein.
Revenue Growth on a Constant Currency Basis: We define revenue growth on a constant currency basis as period-over-period growth rates of revenue, adjusted to remove the impact of foreign currency rate fluctuations and the impact of deconsolidated and transferred operations. We calculate revenue growth (as a percentage) on a constant currency basis by

determining the increase in current period revenue over prior period revenue, where current period foreign currency revenue is translated using prior period average currency exchange rates.

Financial Statements
WEBTOON Entertainment Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands of USD, except share and per share data)

|  | As of
|  | September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Assets |  |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 584,575 |  |  | $ | 572,402 |
Receivables 1, net of allowance for credit losses of $3,405 and $3,418 at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively |  | 177,493 |  |  | 169,187 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets, net 2 |  | 80,346 |  |  | 94,783 |
Total current assets |  | 842,414 |  |  | 836,372 |
Property and equipment, net |  | 8,651 |  |  | 3,782 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets |  | 25,944 |  |  | 16,649 |
Debt and equity securities |  | 75,513 |  |  | 70,178 |
Intangible assets, net |  | 168,085 |  |  | 180,912 |
Goodwill, net |  | 678,118 |  |  | 665,275 |
Equity method investments |  | 83,128 |  |  | 78,668 |
Deferred tax assets |  | 22,725 |  |  | 17,592 |
Other non-current assets, net 3 |  | 73,293 |  |  | 65,906 |
Total assets |  | $ | 1,977,871 |  |  | $ | 1,935,334 |
Liabilities and equity |  |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |
Accounts payable 4 |  | $ | 140,971 |  |  | $ | 127,306 |
Accrued expenses 5 |  | 71,521 |  |  | 62,209 |
Current portion of operating lease liabilities 6 |  | 9,563 |  |  | 6,053 |
Contract liabilities 7 |  | 88,215 |  |  | 85,860 |
Income tax payables - corporate tax |  | 4,743 |  |  | 10,093 |
Consumption taxes payables |  | 3,625 |  |  | 8,339 |
Provisions and defined pension benefits |  | 13,367 |  |  | 11,133 |
Other current liabilities |  | 2,255 |  |  | 2,231 |
Total current liabilities |  | $ | 334,260 |  |  | $ | 313,224 |
Non-current liabilities: |  |  |  |
Long-term operating lease liabilities 8 |  | 16,733 |  |  | 11,187 |
Defined severance benefits |  | 22,613 |  |  | 22,030 |
Deferred tax liabilities |  | 25,932 |  |  | 30,271 |
Other non-current liabilities |  | 3,397 |  |  | 2,161 |
Total liabilities |  | $ | 402,935 |  |  | $ | 378,873 |
Commitments and Contingencies |  |  |  |
Redeemable non-controlling interest in subsidiary |  | $ | 37,632 |  |  | $ | 36,580 |
Stockholders' equity: |  |  |  |
Common stock, $0.0001 par value (2,000,000,000 authorized, 130,727,747 shares and 128,587,944 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively) |  | $ | 13 |  |  | $ | 13 |
Additional paid-in capital |  | 2,131,518 |  |  | 2,103,931 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  | (98,247) |  |  | (124,620) |

Accumulated deficit |  | (545,559) |  |  | (507,197) |
Total stockholders' equity attributable to WEBTOON Entertainment Inc. |  | 1,487,725 |  |  | 1,472,127 |
Non-controlling interests in consolidated subsidiaries |  | 49,579 |  |  | 47,754 |
Total equity |  | 1,537,304 |  |  | 1,519,881 |
Total liabilities, redeemable non-controlling interest, and equity |  | $ | 1,977,871 |  |  | $ | 1,935,334 |

1.Includes amounts due from related parties of $55,054 and $59,495 as of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.
2.Includes amounts due from related parties of $5,500 and $9,258 as of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.
3.Includes amounts due from related parties of $34,046 and $32,072 as of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.
4.Includes amounts due from related parties of $18,986 and $17,173 as of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.
5.Includes amounts due to related parties of $6,622 and $5,562 as of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.
6.Includes amounts due to related parties of $5,360 and $3,506 as of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.
7.Includes amounts due to related parties of $107 and $— as of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.
8.Includes amounts due to related parties of $6,734 and $9,519 as of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.

WEBTOON Entertainment Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
(unaudited)
(in thousands of USD, except share and per share data)

|  | Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
|  | September 30, 2025 |  | September 30, 2024 |  | September 30, 2025 |  | September 30, 2024
Revenue 1 |  | $ | 378,041 |  |  | $ | 347,915 |  |  | $ | 1,052,019 |  |  | $ | 995,631 |
Cost of revenue 2 |  | (295,267) |  |  | (256,534) |  |  | (810,355) |  |  | (738,834) |
Marketing 3 |  | (35,166) |  |  | (32,719) |  |  | (97,779) |  |  | (75,645) |
General and administrative expenses 4 |  | (62,486) |  |  | (66,747) |  |  | (194,160) |  |  | (254,145) |
Operating income (loss) |  | (14,878) |  |  | (8,085) |  |  | (50,275) |  |  | (72,993) |
Interest income |  | 4,638 |  |  | 6,512 |  |  | 14,661 |  |  | 9,790 |
Interest expense |  | (2) |  |  | — |  |  | (6) |  |  | (44) |
Income (loss) on equity method investments, net |  | 1,709 |  |  | (138) |  |  | 1,647 |  |  | (1,070) |
Other income (loss), net 5 |  | (1,891) |  |  | 11,798 |  |  | (588) |  |  | 12,644 |
Income (loss) before income tax |  | (10,424) |  |  | 10,087 |  |  | (34,561) |  |  | (51,673) |
Income tax benefit (expense) |  | (626) |  |  | 9,899 |  |  | (2,341) |  |  | 1,324 |
Net income (loss) |  | $ | (11,050) |  |  | $ | 19,986 |  |  | $ | (36,902) |  |  | $ | (50,349) |
Net income (loss) attributable to WEBTOON Entertainment Inc. |  | (11,647) |  |  | 19,753 |  |  | (38,362) |  |  | (50,940) |
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests and redeemable non-controlling interests |  | 597 |  |  | 233 |  |  | 1,460 |  |  | 591 |
Other comprehensive income (loss): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax |  | (21,116) |  |  | 39,570 |  |  | 26,576 |  |  | (9,605) |
Share of other comprehensive income (loss) of equity method investments, net of tax |  | $ | 274 |  |  | $ | (140) |  |  | $ | 699 |  |  | $ | (149) |
Total other comprehensive loss, net of tax |  | (20,842) |  |  | 39,430 |  |  | 27,275 |  |  | (9,754) |
Total comprehensive income (loss) |  | $ | (31,892) |  |  | $ | 59,416 |  |  | $ | (9,627) |  |  | $ | (60,103) |
Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to WEBTOON Entertainment Inc. |  | $ | (31,792) |  |  | $ | 59,183 |  |  | $ | (11,989) |  |  | $ | (60,694) |
Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests and redeemable non-controlling interests |  | (100) |  |  | 233 |  |  | 2,362 |  |  | 591 |
Weighted average shares outstanding |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | 130,644,101 |  | 128,327,971 |  | 130,204,411 |  | 116,023,733
Diluted |  | 130,644,101 |  | 130,817,876 |  | 130,204,411 |  | 116,023,733
Income (loss) per share attributable to WEBTOON Entertainment Inc. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ | (0.09) |  |  | $ | 0.15 |  |  | $ | (0.30) |  |  | $ | (0.44) |
Diluted |  | $ | (0.09) |  |  | $ | 0.15 |  |  | $ | (0.30) |  |  | $ | (0.44) |

1.Includes amounts earned from related parties of $17,029 and $21,744 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, respectively, and $53,020 and $55,911 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, respectively.
2.Includes amounts incurred from related parties of $28,207 and $27,318 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, respectively, and $84,737 and $67,780 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, respectively.
3.Includes amounts incurred from related parties of $(2,089) and $(1,920) for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, respectively, and $(7,540) and $(4,861) for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, respectively.
4.Includes amounts incurred from related parties of $7,629 and $9,285 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, respectively, and $21,565 and $23,666 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, respectively.
5.Includes amounts earned from related parties of $433 and $456 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, respectively, and $1,268 and $3,135 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, respectively.

WEBTOON Entertainment Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands of USD)

| For the Nine Months Ended
| September 30, 2025 |  | September 30, 2024
Operating activities: |  |  |
Net income (loss) | $ | (36,902) |  |  | $ | (50,349) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses | 274 |  |  | 2,482 |
Depreciation and amortization | 24,784 |  |  | 27,953 |
Operating lease expense | 7,209 |  |  | 8,013 |
Loss (gain) on foreign currency, net | (2,540) |  |  | (616) |
Deferred tax expense (benefit) | (8,697) |  |  | (23,698) |
Loss (gain) on debt and equity securities, net | 4,016 |  |  | (5,143) |
Change in severance benefit, net | 1,764 |  |  | (2,415) |
Loss (gain) on equity method investments, net | (1,647) |  |  | 1,069 |
Contingent consideration liability | — |  |  | (3,713) |
Stock-based compensation | 35,123 |  |  | 72,114 |
Gain on disposal of right-of-use assets | — |  |  | (1,883) |
Other non-cash items | (7) |  |  | 2,751 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities |  |  |
Changes in receivables | 995 |  |  | (25,706) |
Changes in other assets | 230 |  |  | (46,334) |
Changes in accounts payable | 2,764 |  |  | 2,109 |
Changes in accrued expenses | (15,388) |  |  | 30,299 |
Changes in contract liabilities | (1,856) |  |  | 34,348 |
Changes in other liabilities | (2,599) |  |  | 12,256 |
Changes in operating lease liabilities | (5,507) |  |  | (7,318) |
Payment of severance benefits, net of cash transferred | 1,878 |  |  | 320 |
Other operating activities | (316) |  |  | — |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ | 3,578 |  |  | $ | 26,539 |
Investing activities: |  |  |
Proceeds from maturities of short-term investments | 32,515 |  |  | 63,205 |
Proceeds from sale of debt and equity securities | — |  |  | 2,975 |
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment | 253 |  |  | 124 |
Purchases of property and equipment | (6,984) |  |  | (1,313) |
Purchases of debt and equity securities | (6,664) |  |  | — |
Proceeds from sale of equity method investments | — |  |  | 5,963 |
Payment made for short-term investments | (17,423) |  |  | (68,369) |
Payment made for loan receivable | (909) |  |  | (178) |
Purchases of intangible assets | (7,168) |  |  | (7,678) |
Purchases of equity method investments | — |  |  | (5,792) |
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash | (148) |  |  | — |
Disposal of businesses, net of cash disposed | — |  |  | (361) |
Proceeds from loan receivable | 1,379 |  |  | 192 |
Other investing activities | 120 |  |  | 2 |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | $ | (5,029) |  |  | $ | (11,230) |

Financing activities: |  |  |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock upon initial public offering, net of underwriting discounts and commissions | — |  |  | 292,950 |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock related to private placement | — |  |  | 50,000 |
Proceeds from stock option exercise | 1,264 |  |  | 574 |
Proceeds from exercise of over-allotment, net of underwriting discounts and commissions | — |  |  | 26,786 |
Proceeds from short-term borrowings | 143 |  |  | — |
Payments of initial public offering costs |  |  | (11,154) |
Repayments of short-term borrowings | — |  |  | (3,639) |
Payment of contingent consideration related to business acquisition | — |  |  | (1,849) |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | $ | 1,407 |  |  | $ | 353,668 |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 12,217 |  |  | (15,206) |
Cash and cash equivalents: |  |  |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 12,173 |  |  | 353,771 |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year | 572,402 |  |  | 231,745 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year | $ | 584,575 |  |  | $ | 585,516 |
Supplemental disclosure: |  |  |
Income taxes paid | $ | 18,097 |  |  | $ | 23,683 |
Interest paid | 1 |  |  | 85 |
Increase in right-of-use assets recognized from new lease agreements | 13,410 |  |  | 11,910 |
Reclassification of deferred offering costs to additional paid-in capital upon IPO | — |  |  | 11,215 |
Deferred offering costs not yet paid | — |  |  | 270 |
Reclassification of debt and equity securities to equity method investments | — |  |  | 19,422 |

Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures
In addition to adjustments for foreign exchange fluctuations, we have also further adjusted revenue to exclude the impacts of deconsolidated and transferred operations to show growth or loss exclusive of these changes ("Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis"). Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis is a Non-GAAP metric that management believes adds value but has its limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP.
The following table presents a reconciliation of revenue to revenue on a constant currency basis, and ARPPU to ARPPU on a constant currency basis, respectively, for each of the periods presented.

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  |
(in thousands of USD, except percentages) |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | Change | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | Change
Total Revenue |  | $ | 378,041 |  |  | $ | 347,915 |  |  | 8.7% | $ | 1,052,019 |  |  | $ | 995,631 |  |  | 5.7%
Effect of deconsolidated and transferred operations |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | N/A | - |  |  | (145) |  |  | (100.0)%
Effects of foreign currency rate fluctuations |  | 1,414 |  |  | - |  |  | N/A | 24,024 |  |  | - |  |  | N/A
Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis |  | $ | 379,455 |  |  | $ | 347,915 |  |  | 9.1% | $ | 1,076,043 |  |  | $ | 995,486 |  |  | 8.1%
Paid Content Revenue |  | 286,814 |  |  | 285,228 |  |  | 0.6% | 821,953 |  |  | 812,791 |  |  | 1.1%
Effect of deconsolidated and transferred operations |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | N/A | - |  |  | (120) |  |  | (100.0)%
Effects of foreign currency rate fluctuations |  | 632 |  |  | - |  |  | N/A | 13,177 |  |  | - |  |  | N/A
Paid Content Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis |  | $ | 287,446 |  |  | $ | 285,228 |  |  | 0.8% | $ | 835,130 |  |  | $ | 812,671 |  |  | 2.8%
Advertising Revenue |  | 39,367 |  |  | 43,384 |  |  | (9.3)% | 124,485 |  |  | 120,800 |  |  | 3.1%
Effects of foreign currency rate fluctuations |  | 169 |  |  | - |  |  | N/A | 3,190 |  |  | - |  |  | N/A
Advertising Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis |  | $ | 39,536 |  |  | $ | 43,384 |  |  | (8.9)% | $ | 127,675 |  |  | $ | 120,800 |  |  | 5.7%
IP Adaptations Revenue |  | 51,860 |  |  | 19,303 |  |  | 168.7% | 105,581 |  |  | 62,040 |  |  | 70.2%
Effect of deconsolidated and transferred operations |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | N/A | - |  |  | (26) |  |  | (100.0)%
Effects of foreign currency rate fluctuations |  | 613 |  |  | - |  |  | N/A | 7,657 |  |  | - |  |  | N/A
IP Adaptations Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis |  | $ | 52,473 |  |  | $ | 19,303 |  |  | 171.8% | $ | 113,238 |  |  | $ | 62,014 |  |  | 82.6%
Paid Content Average Revenue Per Paying User ("ARPPU")1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Korea paid content revenue |  | $ | 88,011 |  |  | $ | 91,401 |  |  | (3.7)% | $ | 245,682 |  |  | $ | 266,282 |  |  | (7.7)%
Korea ARPPU |  | $ | 8.0 |  |  | $ | 7.9 |  |  | 1.3% | $ | 7.8 |  |  | $ | 7.8 |  |  | 0.3%
Effects of foreign currency rate fluctuations |  | 0.2 |  |  | - |  |  | N/A | 0.7 |  |  | - |  |  | N/A
Korea ARPPU on a Constant Currency Basis |  | $ | 8.2 |  |  | $ | 7.9 |  |  | 4.0% | $ | 8.5 |  |  | $ | 7.8 |  |  | 9.3%
Japan paid content revenue |  | $ | 164,155 |  |  | $ | 159,933 |  |  | 2.6% | $ | 475,632 |  |  | $ | 444,399 |  |  | 7.0%
Japan ARPPU |  | $ | 23.6 |  |  | $ | 23.1 |  |  | 2.4% | $ | 23.2 |  |  | $ | 22.2 |  |  | 4.8%
Effects of foreign currency rate fluctuations |  | (0.2) |  |  | - |  |  | N/A | (0.4) |  |  | - |  |  | N/A
Japan ARPPU on a Constant Currency Basis |  | $ | 23.4 |  |  | $ | 23.1 |  |  | 1.3% | $ | 22.8 |  |  | $ | 22.2 |  |  | 2.8%
Rest of World paid content revenue |  | $ | 34,648 |  |  | $ | 33,893 |  |  | 2.2% | $ | 100,639 |  |  | $ | 102,111 |  |  | (1.4)%
Rest of World ARPPU |  | $ | 6.8 |  |  | $ | 6.7 |  |  | 1.4% | $ | 6.6 |  |  | $ | 6.5 |  |  | 2.4%
Rest of World ARPPU on a Constant Currency Basis |  | $ | 6.8 |  |  | $ | 6.7 |  |  | 1.4% | $ | 6.6 |  |  | $ | 6.5 |  |  | 2.4%

1 ARPPU is calculated by taking Paid Content revenue and dividing it by the number of monthly paid users ("MPU") for such month, averaged over each month in the given period. ARPPU on a constant currency basis is calculated by dividing Paid Content revenue on a constant currency basis by the number of MPU for such month, averaged over each month in the given period. Where each metric is country specific, the numerator is Paid Content revenue on a constant currency basis by country and the denominator is users by country.

The following table presents a reconciliation of net loss to EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin for each of the periods presented.

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands of USD, except percentages) |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Net income (loss) |  | $ | (11,050) |  |  | $ | 19,986 |  |  | $ | (36,902) |  |  | $ | (50,349) |
Plus (minus): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest income |  | (4,638) |  |  | (6,512) |  |  | (14,661) |  |  | (9,790) |
Interest expense |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | 6 |  |  | 44 |
Income tax expense (benefit) |  | 626 |  |  | (9,899) |  |  | 2,341 |  |  | (1,324) |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 7,940 |  |  | 10,003 |  |  | 24,784 |  |  | 27,953 |
EBITDA |  | $ | (7,120) |  |  | $ | 13,578 |  |  | $ | (24,432) |  |  | $ | (33,466) |
Stock-based compensation expense(1) |  | 9,625 |  |  | 12,262 |  |  | 35,123 |  |  | 68,305 |
Restructuring and IPO-related costs(2) |  | 2,684 |  |  | 2,925 |  |  | 5,802 |  |  | 40,645 |
Loss (gain) on fair value instruments, net(3) |  | 1,640 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,016 |  |  | (5,143) |
Loss (income) on equity method investments, net(4) |  | (1,709) |  |  | 138 |  |  | (1,647) |  |  | 1,070 |
Adjusted EBITDA(5) |  | $ | 5,120 |  |  | $ | 28,903 |  |  | $ | 18,862 |  |  | $ | 71,411 |
Net income (loss) margin |  | (2.9) | % |  | 5.7 | % |  | (3.5) | % |  | (5.1) | %
Adjusted EBITDA Margin |  | 1.4 | % |  | 8.3 | % |  | 1.8 | % |  | 7.2 | %
Weighted average shares outstanding |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | 130,644,101 |  | 128,327,971 |  | 130,204,411 |  |  | 116,023,733 |
Diluted |  | 130,644,101 |  | 130,817,876 |  | 130,204,411 |  |  | 116,023,733 |
Earnings (loss) per share |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | (0.09) |  |  | 0.15 |  |  | $ | (0.30) |  |  | $ | (0.44) |
Diluted |  | (0.09) |  |  | 0.15 |  |  | $ | (0.30) |  |  | $ | (0.44) |
Adjusted EPS(6) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | 0.04 |  |  | 0.23 |  |  | $ | 0.14 |  |  | $ | 0.62 |
Diluted |  | 0.04 |  |  | 0.22 |  |  | 0.14 |  |  | 0.62 |

(1)Represents stock-based compensation expense related to WEBTOON’s equity incentive plan and stock-based compensation plans of NAVER and Munpia, including amounts which are cash settled.
(2)Represents non-recurring expenses that we do not consider representative of the operating performance of the business. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, these amounts include legal fees and advisory fees. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, these amounts included a $30.0 million one-time CEO bonus and legal and advisory fees related to the IPO.
(3)Represents unrealized net loss (gain) of financial assets measured at FVPL, which include the Company's equity investments.
(4)Represents our proportionate share of recognized losses associated with our investments accounted for using the equity method.
(5)Totals may not foot due to rounding.
(6)The numerator for Adjusted EPS is calculated by adjusting Net Income (Loss) by the same items in the Net Income (Loss) to Adjusted EBITDA reconciliation. The denominator for computing Adjusted EPS is the same as that used for Basic and Diluted EPS.
Contact Information
Investor Relations
Soohwan Kim, CFA and Taylor Giles
investor@webtoon.com
Corporate Communications
Kiel Hume & Lauren Hopkinson
webtoonpress@webtoon.com