On September 20, 2018, we implemented a holding company reorganization, as a result of which Acxiom Holdings, Inc. became the successor issuer to Acxiom Corporation. On October 1, 2018, we changed our name to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. ("LiveRamp"). References to "we", "us", "our" or the "Company" for events that occurred prior to September 20, 2018 refer to Acxiom Corporation and its subsidiaries; for events that occurred from September 20, 2018 to October 1, 2018, to Acxiom Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries; and after October 1, 2018, to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

LiveRamp is a global technology company with a vision of becoming the trusted platform that makes all customer data accessible and meaningful. We provide a an enterprise customer management platform that help organizations better leverage customer data to deliver innovative products and meaningful experiences. Powered by its core capabilities in data accessibility, identity, connectivity and data stewardship, LiveRamp makes it safe and easy to connect the world’s data, people and applications.

LiveRamp is a Delaware corporation headquartered in San Francisco, California. Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “RAMP.” We serve a global client base from locations in the United States, Europe, and the Asia-Pacific (“APAC”) region. Our direct client list includes many of the world’s largest and best-known brands across most major industry verticals, including but not limited to financial, insurance and investment services, retail, automotive, telecommunications, high tech, consumer packaged goods, healthcare, travel, entertainment, non-profit, and government. Through our extensive reseller and partnership network, we serve thousands of additional companies, establishing LiveRamp as a foundational and neutral enabler of the customer experience economy.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries, after elimination of all significant intercompany accounts and transactions. We have prepared the accompanying consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) as set forth in the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and we consider the various staff accounting bulletins and other applicable guidance issued by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC").

In preparing consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with GAAP and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC, we must make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Estimates are used in determining, among other items, revenue recognition criteria, allowance for doubtful accounts, the fair value of acquired assets and assumed liabilities, projected cash flows associated with recoverability of assets, restructuring and impairment accruals, litigation and facilities lease loss accruals, stock-based compensation, and the recognition and measurement of current and deferred income taxes, including the measurement of uncertain tax positions. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.

The Company operates as one operating segment. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker. Our chief operating decision maker evaluates our financial information and resources and assesses the performance of these resources on a consolidated basis. Since we operate as one operating segment, all required financial segment information can be found in the consolidated financial statements.

Discontinued operations comprise those activities that have been disposed of during the period or that have been classified as held for sale at the end of the period, and represent a separate major line of business or geographical area that can be clearly distinguished for operational and financial reporting purposes. In fiscal 2019, the Company sold its Acxiom Marketing Solutions business (“AMS”) and began reporting the results of operations, cash flows and the balance sheet amounts pertaining to AMS as a component of discontinued operations in the consolidated financial statements.


	2019		2018		2017
Net loss from continuing operations	$	(133,947)	$	(67,299)	$	(85,576)
Earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax	$	1,162,494	$	90,779	$	89,684
Net earnings	$	1,028,547	$	23,480	$	4,108
Basic earnings (loss) per share:
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding	75,020		78,891		77,609
Basic earnings (loss) per share:
Continuing operations	$	(1.79)	$	(0.85)	$	(1.10)
Discontinued operations	15.50		1.15		1.16
Net earnings	$	13.71	$	0.30	$	0.05
Diluted earnings (loss) per share:


Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding	75,020		78,891		77,609
Diluted earnings (loss) per share:
Continuing operations	$	(1.79)	$	(0.85)	$	(1.10)
Discontinued operations	15.50		1.15		1.16
Net earnings	$	13.71	$	0.30	$	0.05

Due to the net loss from continuing operations in each year, the dilutive effect of options and restricted stock units covering 3.4 million, 2.6 million, and 2.2 million shares of common stock at March 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, was excluded from the earnings per share calculation since the impact on the calculation was anti-dilutive. Additional options to purchase shares of common stock and restricted stock units that were outstanding during the periods presented but were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effect was anti-dilutive are shown below (in thousands, except per share amounts):

LiveRamp recognizes revenue from the following sources: (i) subscription revenue, which consists primarily of subscription fees from clients accessing our IdentityLink platform; and (ii) marketplace and other revenue, which primarily consists of revenue-sharing fees generated from data transactions through our IdentityLink Data Store platform, and transactional usage-based revenue from arrangements with certain publishers and addressable TV providers. Our IdentityLink platform subscription pricing is tiered based on data volume supported by our platform.

As part of accounting for arrangements with multiple performance obligations, we must assess whether each performance obligation is distinct. A good or service that is promised to a customer is distinct if the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer, and a company's promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. We have determined that our subscriptions and revenue-sharing and usage-based arrangements are distinct because, once a customer has access to the platform, the product is fully functional and does not require any additional development, modification, or customization.

The transaction price is the amount of consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for transferring goods or services to a customer, excluding sales taxes that are collected on behalf of government agencies. The Company estimates any variable consideration to which it will be entitled at contract inception, and reassesses at each reporting date, when determining the transaction price. The Company does not include variable consideration to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will occur when any uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved.

We allocate the transaction price to each distinct performance obligation based on the standalone selling price ("SSP") of each good or service. We generally determine the SSP based on contractual selling prices when the obligation is sold on a standalone basis, as well as market conditions, competition, and pricing practices. As pricing and marketing strategies evolve, we may modify our pricing practices in the future, which could result in changes to SSP.

Revenues are recognized when or as control of the promised goods or services is transferred to customers. Subscription revenue is generally recognized ratably over the subscription period beginning on the date the goods or services are made available to customers. The majority of our subscription revenue is derived from subscriptions that are one year in duration and invoiced on a monthly basis, although some of our clients are entering into multiple-year subscriptions. Marketplace and other revenue is typically transactional in nature, tied to a revenue share or volumes purchased. We report revenue from Data Store and other similar transactions on a net basis

Accounts receivable are presented net of allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company evaluates its allowance for doubtful accounts based on a combination of factors at each reporting date. Each account is evaluated based on specific information known to management regarding each customer’s ability or inability to pay, as well as historical experience for each customer, the length of time the receivable has been outstanding, and current economic conditions in the customer’s industry. Accounts receivable that are determined to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance for doubtful accounts.


							Bad debts
	Balance at		Additions				written off,
	beginning		charged to				net of		Balance at
	of		costs and		Other		amounts		end of
	period		expenses		changes		recovered		period
2017:
Allowance for doubtful accounts, returns and credits	$	3,282	$	296	$	(30)	$	(1,411)	$	2,137
2018:
Allowance for doubtful accounts, returns and credits	$	2,137	$	1,214	$	123	$	(292)	$	3,182
2019:
Allowance for doubtful accounts, returns and credits	$	3,182	$	3,069	$	(92)	$	(3,152)	$	3,007

The Company records rent expense for operating leases, some of which have escalating rent payments, on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease agreement. The Company begins recognition of rent expense on the date of initial possession, which is generally when the Company enters the leased premises and begins to make improvements in preparation for its intended use. Some of the Company's lease arrangements provide for

The standard generally requires that research and development costs incurred prior to the beginning of the application development stage of software products are charged to operations as such costs are incurred. Once the application development stage has begun, costs are capitalized until the software is available for general release. Costs of internally developed computer software are amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining estimated economic life of the software product, generally two to five years (see Note 9 – Software).

We apply the provisions of ASC 805, Business Combinations, in accounting for acquisitions. It requires us to recognize separately from goodwill the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed at the acquisition date fair values. Goodwill as of the acquisition date is measured as the excess of consideration transferred over the net of the acquisition date fair values of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. While we use our best estimates and assumptions to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date as well as any contingent consideration, where applicable, our estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, we record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to our consolidated statements of operations.

Goodwill is measured and tested for impairment on an annual basis in the first quarter of the Company's fiscal year in accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other, or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist. In performing our goodwill impairment test, we first evaluate goodwill to determine if it is more likely than not that the occurrence of an event or change in circumstances has reduced the fair value of a reporting segment below its carrying value. The qualitative assessment requires that we consider events or circumstances that may include macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, overall financial performance, changes in management or key personnel, changes in strategy, changes in customers, and changes in our stock price. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, we determine that it is more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting segments is greater than the carrying amounts, then the two-step goodwill impairment test is not performed.

If the qualitative assessment indicates that the two-step quantitative analysis should be performed, we evaluate goodwill for impairment by comparing the fair value of each of our reporting segments to its carrying value, including the associated goodwill. To determine the fair values, we use the equal weighting of the market approach based on comparable publicly traded companies in similar lines of businesses and the income approach based on estimated discounted future cash flows. Our cash flow assumptions consider forecasted revenue, operating costs and other relevant factors.

We completed our annual impairment test during the first quarter of fiscal 2019. We determined, after performing a qualitative review of each reporting unit, that it is more likely than not that the fair value of each of our reporting segments exceeds the respective carrying amounts. Accordingly, there was no indication of impairment, and the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test was not performed. We did not recognize any goodwill impairment charges in fiscal 2019, 2018 or 2017.

As a result of the organizational realignment and subsequent sale of AMS, we now operate as one operating segment and as a result, evaluate goodwill impairment based on our fair value as a whole. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker. While we have offerings in multiple market segments, our chief operating decision maker evaluates our financial information and resources and assesses the performance of these resources on a consolidated basis.

We amortize intangible assets with finite lives over their estimated useful lives and review them for impairment whenever an impairment indicator exists. We continually monitor events and changes in circumstances that could indicate carrying amounts of our long-lived assets, including our intangible assets, may not be recoverable. When such events or changes in circumstances occur, we assess recoverability by determining whether the carrying value of such assets will be recovered through the undiscounted expected future cash flows. If the future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amount of these assets, we recognize an impairment loss based on any excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the assets. We did not recognize any intangible asset impairment charges in fiscal 2019, 2018, or 2017.

Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company considers factors such as operating losses, declining outlooks, and business conditions when evaluating the necessity for an impairment analysis. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset group to the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset group. If such assets are impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. We did not recognize any impairment charges related to long-lived assets in fiscal 2019, 2018, or 2017.

The Company makes estimates and judgments in determining the provision for income taxes for financial statement purposes. These estimates and judgments occur in the calculation of tax credits, benefits, and deductions, and in the calculation of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities that arise from differences in the timing of recognition of revenue and expense for tax and financial statement purposes, as well as the interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions. Significant changes in these estimates may result in an increase or decrease to the tax provision in a subsequent period. The Company assesses the likelihood that it will be able to recover its deferred tax assets. If recovery is not likely, the Company increases the provision for taxes by recording a valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets that it estimates will not ultimately be recoverable.

The calculation of tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws and regulations. The Company recognizes liabilities for uncertain tax positions based on a two-step process pursuant to ASC 740, Income Taxes. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining whether the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. If the Company determines that a tax position will more likely than not be sustained on audit, the second step requires the Company to estimate and measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement. It is inherently difficult and subjective to estimate such amounts, as the Company must determine the probability of various outcomes.

The Company re-evaluates these uncertain tax positions on a quarterly basis. This evaluation is based on factors such as changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, new audit activity, and effectively settled issues. Determining whether an uncertain tax position is effectively settled requires judgment. Such a change in recognition or measurement would result in the recognition of a tax benefit or an additional charge to the tax provision.

The reporting currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of our foreign operations generally is the applicable local currency for each foreign subsidiary. The balance sheets of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are translated at period-end rates of exchange, and the statements of operations are translated at the average exchange rate for the period. The effects of foreign currency translation adjustments are included in accumulated other comprehensive income in the consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity and comprehensive income.

We are currently involved in various claims and legal proceedings. Quarterly, we review the status of each significant matter and assess our potential financial exposure. We accrue a liability for an estimated loss if the potential loss from any claim or legal proceeding is considered probable, and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Note 12 - Commitments and Contingencies provides additional information regarding certain of our legal contingencies.

The Company records stock-based compensation expense according to the provisions of ASC Topic 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation. ASC Topic 718 requires all stock-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the statement of operations over the service period of the award based on their fair values. Under the provisions of ASC Topic 718, the Company determines the appropriate fair value model to be used for valuing stock-based payments and the amortization method for compensation cost.

The Company’s equity compensation plan provides that all associates (employees, officers, directors, affiliates, independent contractors or consultants) are eligible to receive awards (grant of any option, stock appreciation right, restricted stock award, restricted stock unit award, performance award, performance share, performance unit, qualified performance-based award, or other stock unit award) under the plan with the terms and conditions applicable to an award set forth in applicable grant documents.

Incentive stock option awards granted under the stock-based plans cannot be granted with an exercise price less than 100% of the per-share market value of the Company’s shares at the date of grant and have a maximum duration of ten years from the date of grant. Board policy currently requires that non-qualified options also must be priced at or above the fair market value of the common stock at the time of grant with a maximum duration of ten years.

Restricted stock units may be issued under the equity compensation plan and represent the right to receive shares in the future by way of an award agreement that includes vesting provisions. Award agreements can further provide for forfeitures triggered by certain prohibited activities, such as breach of confidentiality. All restricted stock units are expensed over the vesting period and adjusted for forfeitures as incurred. The vesting of some restricted stock units is subject to the Company’s achievement of certain performance criteria, as well as the individual remaining employed by the Company for a period of years.

The Company receives income tax deductions because of the exercise of non-qualified stock options and the vesting of other stock-based awards. To the extent the income tax deductions differ from the corresponding stock-based compensation expense, such excess tax benefits and deficiencies are included as a component of income tax expense and reflected as an operating cash flow included in changes in operating assets and liabilities.

The Company records costs associated with employee terminations and other exit activity in accordance with ASC 420, Exit or Disposal Cost Obligations, depending on whether the costs relate to exit or disposal activities under the accounting standards, or whether they are other post-employment termination benefits. Under applicable accounting standards for exit or disposal costs, the Company records employee termination benefits as an operating expense when the benefit arrangement is communicated to the employee and no significant future services are required. Under the accounting standards related to post employment termination benefits the Company records employee termination benefits when the termination benefits are probable and can be estimated. The Company recognizes the present value of facility lease termination obligations, net of estimated sublease income and other exit costs, when the Company has future payments with no future economic benefit or a commitment to pay the termination costs of a prior commitment. In future periods the Company will record accretion expense to increase the liability to an amount equal to the estimated future cash payments necessary to exit the leases. This requires judgment and management estimation to determine the expected time frame for securing a subtenant, the amount of sublease income to be received and the appropriate discount rate to calculate the present value of the future cash flows. Should actual lease exit costs differ from estimates, the Company may be required to adjust the restructuring charge, which will impact net earnings in the period any adjustment is recorded.

and result in fewer changes to the terms of an award being accounted for as modifications. Under ASU 2017-09, an entity will not apply modification accounting to a stock-based payment award if the award's fair value, vesting conditions and classification as an equity or liability instrument are the same immediately before and after the change. ASU 2017-09 will be applied prospectively to awards modified on or after the adoption date. The guidance is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017. ASU 2017-09 is effective for the Company beginning in fiscal 2019. We adopted the standard in the current fiscal year, and adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) and issued subsequent amendments to the initial guidance in August 2015, March 2016, April 2016, May 2016 and December 2016 within ASU 2015-14, ASU 2016-08, ASU 2016-10, ASU 2016-12 and ASU 2016-20, respectively. Topic 606 supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under U.S. GAAP. The core principle of the new guidance is to recognize revenues when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. We adopted Topic 606 as of April 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective method. See Note 2 - Topic 606 Adoption Impact and Revenue from Contracts with Customers for further details.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, "Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment" ("ASU 2017-04"), which eliminates step two from the goodwill impairment test. Under current guidance, step two of the goodwill impairment test requires entities to calculate the implied value of goodwill in the same manner as the amount of goodwill recognized in a business combination by assigning the fair value of a reporting unit to all of the assets and liabilities of the reporting unit. The carrying value in excess of the implied fair value is recognized as goodwill impairment. Under ASU 2017-04, goodwill impairment is recognized based on step one of the current guidance, which calculates the carrying value in excess of the reporting unit's fair value. ASU 2017-04 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019 (fiscal 2021 for the Company), including interim periods within those fiscal years; earlier adoption is permitted for goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)" ("ASU 2016-02"), as a comprehensive new standard that amends various aspects of existing guidance for leases and requires additional disclosures about leasing arrangements. The new standard will require lessees to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases except short-term leases. For lessees, leases will continue to be classified as either operating or financing in the income statement. Lessor accounting is similar to the current model but updated to align with certain changes to the lessee model. Lessors will continue to classify leases as operating, direct financing or sales-type leases. Subsequently, the FASB has issued various ASU's to provide further clarification around aspects of Topic 842, including an alternative method that permits application of the new guidance at the beginning of adoption, recognizing a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption, in addition to the method of applying the new guidance retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented. ASU 2016-02 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 (fiscal 2020 for the Company), including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. We will adopt the new standard on April 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective approach. Although the Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements, the Company currently believes the most significant change will be that most of its operating lease commitments will be recognized as right-of-use assets and lease liabilities of approximately $25.0 to $30.0 million on the Company's consolidated balance sheets upon adoption of this new guidance. The new guidance is not expected to have a material impact to the company's consolidated statements of operations.