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Revenue Recognition | 6 Months Ended
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May 31, 2021
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract] |
Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition Timing of Revenue Recognition Our revenues are derived from licensing our products, and from related services, which consist of maintenance, hosting services, and consulting and education. Information relating to revenue from external customers by revenue type is as follows (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended |  | Six Months Ended
(In thousands) | May 31, 2021 |  | May 31, 2020 |  | May 31, 2021 |  | May 31, 2020
Performance obligations transferred at a point in time: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Software licenses | $ | 30,107 |  |  | $ | 19,663 |  |  | $ | 63,424 |  |  | $ | 50,292 |
Performance obligations transferred over time: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Maintenance | 80,069 |  |  | 71,686 |  |  | 157,046 |  |  | 141,742 |
Services | 12,312 |  |  | 9,034 |  |  | 23,298 |  |  | 18,032 |
Total revenue | $ | 122,488 |  |  | $ | 100,383 |  |  | $ | 243,768 |  |  | $ | 210,066 |
Geographic Revenue In the following table, revenue attributed to North America includes sales to customers in the U.S. and sales to certain multinational organizations. Revenue from EMEA, Latin America and the Asia Pacific region includes sales to customers in each region plus sales from the U.S. to distributors in these regions. Information relating to revenue from external customers from different geographical areas is as follows (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended |  | Six Months Ended
(In thousands) | May 31, 2021 |  | May 31, 2020 |  | May 31, 2021 |  | May 31, 2020
North America | $ | 71,094 |  |  | $ | 56,564 |  |  | $ | 142,599 |  |  | $ | 121,977 |
EMEA | 41,321 |  |  | 34,157 |  |  | 81,561 |  |  | 69,145 |
Latin America | 3,753 |  |  | 3,346 |  |  | 7,246 |  |  | 7,346 |
Asia Pacific | 6,320 |  |  | 6,316 |  |  | 12,362 |  |  | 11,598 |
Total revenue | $ | 122,488 |  |  | $ | 100,383 |  |  | $ | 243,768 |  |  | $ | 210,066 |
No single customer, partner, or country outside of the U.S. has accounted for more than 10% of our total revenue for the three or six months ended May 31, 2021 and May 31, 2020. Contract Balances Unbilled Receivables and Contract Assets The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of customer invoicing. When revenue is recognized prior to invoicing and the right to the amount due from customers is conditioned only on the passage of time, we record an unbilled receivable on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Our multi-year term license arrangements, which are typically billed annually, result in revenue recognition in advance of invoicing and the recognition of unbilled receivables. As of May 31, 2021, invoicing of our long-term unbilled receivables is expected to occur as follows (in thousands):
2022 | $ | 4,995 |
2023 | 3,916 |
2024 | 162 |
Total | $ | 9,073 |
Contract assets, which arise when revenue is recognized prior to invoicing and the right to the amount due from customers is conditioned on something other than the passage of time, such as the completion of a related performance obligation, were $6.4 million as of May 31, 2021 and $11.3 million as of November 30, 2020. These amounts are included in unbilled receivables or long-term unbilled receivables on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Deferred Revenue Deferred revenue is recorded when revenue is recognized subsequent to customer invoicing. Our deferred revenue balance is primarily made up of deferred maintenance. As of May 31, 2021, the changes in deferred revenue were as follows (in thousands):
Balance, December 1, 2020 | $ | 193,295 |
Billings and other | 253,103 |
Revenue recognized | (243,768) |
Balance, May 31, 2021 | $ | 202,630 |
Transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations represents contracted revenue that has not yet been recognized, which includes deferred revenue and amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. As of May 31, 2021, transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was $214.8 million. We expect to recognize approximately 84% of the revenue within the next year and the remainder thereafter. Deferred Contract Costs Deferred contract costs, which include certain sales incentive programs, are incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. Incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer are recognized as an asset if the expected benefit of those costs is longer than one year. We have applied the practical expedient to expense costs as incurred for costs to obtain a contract with a customer when the amortization period would have been one year or less. These costs include a large majority of our sales incentive programs as we have determined that annual compensation is commensurate with annual sales activities. Certain of our sales incentive programs meet the requirements to be capitalized. Depending upon the sales incentive program and the related revenue arrangement, such capitalized costs are amortized over the longer of (i) the product life, which is generally three to five years; or (ii) the term of the related revenue contract. We determined that a three to five year product life represents the period of benefit that we receive from these incremental costs based on both qualitative and quantitative factors, which include customer contracts, industry norms, and product upgrades. Total deferred contract costs were $4.2 million and $2.5 million as of May 31, 2021 and November 30, 2020, respectively, and are included in other current assets and other assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Amortization of deferred contract costs is included in sales and marketing expense on our condensed consolidated statement of operations and was minimal in all periods presented.

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- Definition The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=49130388 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 10 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123351226&loc=SL49130551-203045 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 13 -Subparagraph (b)(2) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123351226&loc=SL49130556-203045 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (b) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123351226&loc=SL49130554-203045 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 9 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123351226&loc=SL49130550-203045 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (e) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123351226&loc=SL49130554-203045 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (a) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123351226&loc=SL49130554-203045 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (d) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123351226&loc=SL49130554-203045 Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 15 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123351226&loc=SL49130558-203045 Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (c) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123351226&loc=SL49130554-203045 + Details
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