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Fair Value | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2021
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Fair Value | Fair Value Under ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, disclosures are required about how fair value is determined for assets and liabilities and a hierarchy for which these assets and liabilities must be grouped is established, based on significant levels of inputs as follows: Level 1 - observable inputs such as unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2 - quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, and other inputs that are observable directly or indirectly for the asset or liability; or Level 3 - unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, such as discounted cash flow models or valuations. The determination of where assets and liabilities fall within this hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The following is a listing of our assets and liabilities required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis and where they are classified within the fair value hierarchy (in millions):
|  | As of December 31, 2021
|  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents |  | $ | 1,515 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,515 |
Available-for-sale investment securities |  | 26 |  |  | 800 |  |  | — |  |  | 826 |
|  | As of December 31, 2020
|  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents |  | $ | 1,330 |  |  | $ | 130 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,460 |
Available-for-sale investment securities |  | — |  |  | 1,137 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,137 |
Refer to Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements for fair value information related to our outstanding debt obligations as of December 31, 2021 and 2020. The carrying values of all other financial instruments approximated their fair values at December 31, 2021 and 2020. Cash equivalents Our cash equivalents include money market se curities and ti me deposits which are readily convertible into cash, have maturities of three months or less when purchased, and are considered to be highly liquid and easily tradable. The money market securities are valued using inputs observable in active markets for identical securities and are therefore classified as Level 1 within our fair value hierarchy. The fair values of remaining instruments are based on observable inputs in non-active markets, which are therefore classified as Level 2 in the hierarchy. Available-for-sale investment securities Our available-for-sale investment securities include investments such as time deposits, equity securities of publicly traded companies, and convertible debt securities. Our investments in equity securities of publicly traded companies are classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy as their fair values are based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. The fair values of our time deposits and convertible debt securities are based on observable inputs in non-active markets, which are therefore classified as Level 2 in the hierarchy. We recorded $10 million of losses on these securities during the year ended December 31, 2021. Gains and losses on these securities were not significant during the years ended December 31, 2020, and 2019. Other investmentsAs discussed in Note 1 to our consolidated financial statement, JTV has equity investments in emerging companies which do not have readily determinable fair values. In accordance with Topic 321, Investments - Equity Securities of the Codification, we account for these investments using a measurement alternative which allows entities to measure these investments at cost, less any impairment, adjusted for changes from observable price changes in orderly transactions for identifiable or similar investments of the same issuer. We recognized a gain of $37 million on these investments for the year ended December 31, 2021. The gain was triggered by an observable transaction for a similar security issued by a portfolio company which indicated a change in overall valuation. We estimated the fair value of our investment in the company using third party valuations and considered specific circumstances such as our expectation of a potential exit from the company, prices from previous issuances of equity securities, the rights and obligations of holders of similar securities within the company, and estimates of volatility. Due to the use of significant unobservable inputs, our investment is classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123874694&loc=d3e19207-110258 + Details
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