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Fair Value

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Under Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, (the "Codification"), disclosures are required about how fair value is determined for assets and liabilities and a hierarchy for which these assets and liabilities must be grouped is established, based on significant levels of inputs as follows:

Level 1 - observable inputs such as unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2 - quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, and other inputs that are observable directly or indirectly for the asset or liability; or

Level 3 - unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, such as discounted cash flow models or valuations.

The determination of where assets and liabilities fall within this hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The following is a listing of our assets required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis and where they are classified within the fair value hierarchy as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in millions):


	March 31, 2024
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Cash equivalents	$	897	$	—	$	—	$	897
Available-for-sale investment securities	—		240		16		256
Aircraft fuel derivatives	—		4		—		4


	December 31, 2023
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Cash equivalents	$	724	$	—	$	—	$	724
Available-for-sale investment securities	—		314		16		330
Aircraft fuel derivatives	—		4		—		4

Refer to Note 3 for fair value information related to our outstanding debt obligations as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Cash Equivalents

Our cash equivalents include money market securities and time deposits which are readily convertible into cash, have maturities of three months or less when purchased, and are considered to be highly liquid and easily tradable. The money market securities are valued using inputs observable in active markets for identical securities and are therefore classified as Level 1 within our fair value hierarchy and recorded within cash and cash equivalents on our consolidated balance sheets.

Available-for-Sale Investment Securities

Our available-for-sale investment securities include investments such as time deposits, commercial paper, and convertible debt securities. The fair value of time deposits and commercial paper is based on observable inputs in non-active markets, which are therefore classified as Level 2 in the hierarchy. The fair value of convertible debt securities is based on unobservable inputs and is classified as Level 3 in the hierarchy.

Aircraft Fuel Derivatives

Our aircraft fuel derivatives include call spread options which are not traded on public exchanges. Their fair values are determined using a market approach based on inputs that are readily available from public markets for commodities and energy trading activities; therefore, they are classified as Level 2 inputs. The data inputs are combined into qualitative models and processes to generate forward curves and volatility related to the specific terms of the underlying hedge contracts. Aircraft fuel derivatives are included in prepaid expenses and other within current assets of our consolidated balance sheets.

Held-to-Maturity Investment Securities

Our held-to-maturity investment securities consist of corporate bonds, which are stated at amortized cost. If the corporate bonds were measured at fair value, they would be classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy, based on quoted prices in active markets for similar securities.

We do not intend to sell these investment securities. The carrying value and estimated fair value of our held-to-maturity investment securities were as follows (in millions):


	March 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value
Held-to-maturity investment securities	$	215	$	212	$	234	$	231

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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