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Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2020
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Summary of company's fair value hierarchy measured at recurring basis | The following table presents the Company's fair value hierarchy for those assets and liabilities measured and carried at fair value on a recurring basis. At December 31, 2020, Level 3 investments comprised approximately 5.3% of the Company's total investment portfolio at fair value.
($ in thousands) |  | Carrying |  | Fair |  | Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
|  | Amount |  | Value |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
December 31, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed maturity securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mortgage-backed securities |  | $ | 684,838 |  |  | $ | 684,838 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 673,764 |  |  | $ | 11,074 |
Other, including U.S. Treasury securities |  | 433,153 |  |  | 433,153 |  |  | 18,350 |  |  | 414,803 |  |  | — |
Municipal bonds |  | 1,827,497 |  |  | 1,827,497 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,767,907 |  |  | 59,590 |
Foreign government bonds |  | 45,054 |  |  | 45,054 |  |  | — |  |  | 45,054 |  |  | — |
Corporate bonds |  | 2,122,898 |  |  | 2,122,898 |  |  | 14,876 |  |  | 1,952,206 |  |  | 155,816 |
Other asset-backed securities |  | 1,231,850 |  |  | 1,231,850 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,103,567 |  |  | 128,283 |
Total fixed maturity securities |  | 6,345,290 |  |  | 6,345,290 |  |  | 33,226 |  |  | 5,957,301 |  |  | 354,763 |
Equity securities |  | 121,653 |  |  | 121,653 |  |  | 39,235 |  |  | 82,115 |  |  | 303 |
Short-term investments |  | 141,770 |  |  | 141,770 |  |  | 137,679 |  |  | 4,091 |  |  | — |
Other investments |  | 36,258 |  |  | 36,258 |  |  | — |  |  | 36,258 |  |  | — |
Totals |  | $ | 6,644,971 |  |  | $ | 6,644,971 |  |  | $ | 210,140 |  |  | $ | 6,079,765 |  |  | $ | 355,066 |
Separate Account (variable annuity) assets (1) |  | $ | 2,891,423 |  |  | $ | 2,891,423 |  |  | $ | 2,891,423 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Financial Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment contract and life policy reserves, embedded derivatives |  | $ | 2,474 |  |  | $ | 2,474 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,474 |  |  | $ | — |
Other policyholder funds, embedded derivatives |  | $ | 104,488 |  |  | $ | 104,488 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 104,488 |
December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed maturity securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mortgage-backed securities |  | $ | 724,319 |  |  | $ | 724,319 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 711,004 |  |  | $ | 13,315 |
Other, including U.S. Treasury securities |  | 458,868 |  |  | 458,868 |  |  | 17,699 |  |  | 441,169 |  |  | — |
Municipal bonds |  | 1,686,203 |  |  | 1,686,203 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,641,912 |  |  | 44,291 |
Foreign government bonds |  | 45,370 |  |  | 45,370 |  |  | — |  |  | 45,370 |  |  | — |
Corporate bonds |  | 1,581,424 |  |  | 1,581,424 |  |  | 14,470 |  |  | 1,463,002 |  |  | 103,952 |
Other asset-backed securities |  | 1,295,492 |  |  | 1,295,492 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,161,979 |  |  | 133,513 |
Total fixed maturity securities |  | 5,791,676 |  |  | 5,791,676 |  |  | 32,169 |  |  | 5,464,436 |  |  | 295,071 |
Equity securities |  | 101,864 |  |  | 101,864 |  |  | 49,834 |  |  | 51,923 |  |  | 107 |
Short-term investments |  | 172,667 |  |  | 172,667 |  |  | 172,667 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other investments |  | 25,997 |  |  | 25,997 |  |  | — |  |  | 25,997 |  |  | — |
Totals |  | $ | 6,092,204 |  |  | $ | 6,092,204 |  |  | $ | 254,670 |  |  | $ | 5,542,356 |  |  | $ | 295,178 |
Separate Account (variable annuity) assets (1) |  | $ | 2,490,469 |  |  | $ | 2,490,469 |  |  | $ | 2,490,469 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Financial Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment contract and life policy reserves, embedded derivatives |  | $ | 1,314 |  |  | $ | 1,314 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,314 |  |  | $ | — |
Other policyholder funds, embedded derivatives |  | $ | 93,733 |  |  | $ | 93,733 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 93,733 |
(1) Separate Account (variable annuity) assets represent contractholder funds invested in various actively traded mutual funds that have daily quoted net asset values that are readily determinable for identical assets that the Company can access. Separate Account (variable annuity) liabilities are equal to the estimated fair value of Separate Account (variable annuity) assets.
Table for reconciliations for all Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis | The following tables present reconciliations for the periods indicated for all Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
($ in thousands) |  | Financial Assets |  | Financial Liabilities (1)
|  | Municipal Bonds |  | Corporate Bonds |  | Mortgage and Asset- Backed Securities (2) |  | Total Fixed Maturity Securities |  | Equity Securities |  | Total |  |
Beginning balance, January 1, 2020 |  | $ | 44,291 |  |  | $ | 103,952 |  |  | $ | 146,828 |  |  | $ | 295,071 |  |  | $ | 107 |  |  | $ | 295,178 |  |  | $ | 93,733 |
Transfers into Level 3 (3) |  | 80,686 |  |  | 83,621 |  |  | 104,263 |  |  | 268,570 |  |  | 234 |  |  | 268,804 |  |  | — |
Transfers out of Level 3 (3) |  | (69,074) |  |  | (36,620) |  |  | (84,679) |  |  | (190,373) |  |  | — |  |  | (190,373) |  |  | — |
Total gains or losses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net investment gains (losses) included in net income related to financial assets |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (239) |  |  | (239) |  |  | (38) |  |  | (277) |  |  | — |
Net investment (gains) losses included in net income related to financial liabilities |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,499 |
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) included in OCI |  | 4,252 |  |  | 1,427 |  |  | (10,471) |  |  | (4,792) |  |  | — |  |  | (4,792) |  |  | — |
Purchases |  | — |  |  | 6,875 |  |  | 1,890 |  |  | 8,765 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,765 |  |  | — |
Issuances |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,373 |
Sales |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,214 |  |  | 1,214 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,214 |  |  | — |
Settlements |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Paydowns, maturities and distributions |  | (565) |  |  | (3,439) |  |  | (19,449) |  |  | (23,453) |  |  | — |  |  | (23,453) |  |  | (9,117) |
Ending balance, December 31, 2020 |  | $ | 59,590 |  |  | $ | 155,816 |  |  | $ | 139,357 |  |  | $ | 354,763 |  |  | $ | 303 |  |  | $ | 355,066 |  |  | $ | 104,488 |
Beginning balance, January 1, 2019 |  | $ | 47,531 |  |  | $ | 80,742 |  |  | $ | 120,211 |  |  | $ | 248,484 |  |  | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | 248,489 |  |  | $ | 78,700 |
Transfers into Level 3 (3) |  | — |  |  | 33,475 |  |  | 56,766 |  |  | 90,241 |  |  | 65 |  |  | 90,306 |  |  | — |
Transfers out of Level 3 (3) |  | — |  |  | (7,698) |  |  | (2,568) |  |  | (10,266) |  |  | — |  |  | (10,266) |  |  | — |
Total gains or losses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net investment gains (losses) included in net income related to financial assets |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,105) |  |  | (1,105) |  |  | 38 |  |  | (1,067) |  |  | — |
Net investment (gains) losses included in net income related to financial liabilities |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,636 |
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) included in OCI |  | 474 |  |  | 4,461 |  |  | 6,100 |  |  | 11,035 |  |  | — |  |  | 11,035 |  |  | — |
Purchases |  | — |  |  | 2,483 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,483 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,483 |  |  | — |
Issuances |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10,039 |
Sales |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (607) |  |  | (607) |  |  | (1) |  |  | (608) |  |  | — |
Settlements |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Paydowns, maturities and distributions |  | (3,714) |  |  | (9,511) |  |  | (31,969) |  |  | (45,194) |  |  | — |  |  | (45,194) |  |  | (7,642) |
Ending balance, December 31, 2019 |  | $ | 44,291 |  |  | $ | 103,952 |  |  | $ | 146,828 |  |  | $ | 295,071 |  |  | $ | 107 |  |  | $ | 295,178 |  |  | $ | 93,733 |
(1) Represents embedded derivatives, all related to the Company's FIA products, reported in Other policyholder funds in the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. (2) Includes U.S. Government and federally sponsored agency obligations for mortgage-backed securities and other asset-backed securities. (3) Transfers into and out of Level 3 during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 were attributable to changes in the availability of observable market information for individual fixed maturity securities and short-term investments. The Company's policy is to recognize transfers into and out of the levels as having occurred at the end of the reporting period in which the transfers were determined.
Fair value measurement inputs and valuation techniques | The following table provides quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs for recurring fair value measurements categorized within Level 3.
($ in thousands)
Financial Assets |  | Fair Value at December 31, 2020 |  | Valuation Technique(s) |  | Unobservable Inputs |  | Range (Weighted Average) and Single Point Best Estimate (1)
Municipal bonds |  | $ | 59,590 |  |  | discounted cash flow |  | I spread (2) |  | 307 - 391 bps
Corporate bonds |  | 155,816 |  |  | discounted cash flow |  | N spread (3) |  | 272 - 553 bps
|  |  |  | market comparable |  | option adjusted spread |  | 12.54%
Other asset-backed securities |  | 128,283 |  |  | vendor price |  | haircut |  | 3.00% - 5.00%
|  |  |  | discounted cash flow |  | constant prepayment rate |  | 20.00%
|  |  |  | discounted cash flow |  | T spread (4) |  | 235 - 800 bps
|  |  |  | discounted cash flow |  | PDI interest margin (5) |  | 7.13%
|  |  |  | discounted cash flow |  | SBL interest margin (6) |  | 4.50%
Government mortgage-backed securities |  | 11,074 |  |  | vendor price |  | haircut |  | 3.00% - 5.00%
Equity securities |  | 303 |  |  | Black-Scholes |  | equity value |  | low - 31.00%; high - 41.00%
($ in thousands)
Financial Liabilities |  | Fair Value at December 31, 2020 |  | Valuation Technique(s) |  | Unobservable Inputs |  | Range (Weighted Average) and Single Point Best Estimate (1)
Derivatives embedded in fixed indexed annuity products |  | $ | 104,488 |  |  | discounted cash flow |  | lapse rate |  | 5.30%
|  |  |  |  |  | mortality multiplier (7) |  | 63.00%
|  |  |  |  |  | option budget |  | 0.90% - 2.50%
|  |  |  |  |  | non-performance adjustment (8) |  | 5.00%
(1) When a range of unobservable inputs is not readily available, the Company uses a single point best estimate. (2) "I spread" is the interpolated weighted average life point on the "on the run" (OTR) point of the curve. (3) "N spread" is the interpolated weighted average life point on the swap curve. (4) "T spread" is a specific point on the OTR curve. (5) "PDI" stands for private debt investment. (6) "SBL" stands for broadly syndicated loans. (7) Mortality multiplier is applied to the Annuity 2000 table. (8) Determined as a percentage of a risk-free rate.
Summary of fair value assets and liabilities measured on nonrecurring basis | The following table presents the carrying amount, fair value and fair value hierarchy of these financial assets and financial liabilities.
($ in thousands) |  | Carrying |  | Fair |  | Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
|  | Amount |  | Value |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
December 31, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other investments |  | $ | 168,296 |  |  | $ | 172,073 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 172,073 |
Deposit asset on reinsurance |  | 2,420,926 |  |  | 3,030,589 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,030,589 |
Financial Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment contract and policy reserves, fixed annuity contracts |  | 4,847,648 |  |  | 4,963,318 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,963,318 |
Investment contract and life policy reserves, account values on life contracts |  | 98,719 |  |  | 108,360 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 108,360 |
Other policyholder funds |  | 646,809 |  |  | 646,809 |  |  | — |  |  | 590,692 |  |  | 56,117 |
Short-term debt |  | 135,000 |  |  | 135,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 135,000 |
Long-term debt |  | 302,323 |  |  | 331,136 |  |  | — |  |  | 331,136 |  |  | — |
December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other investments |  | $ | 163,312 |  |  | $ | 167,185 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 167,185 |
Deposit asset on reinsurance |  | 2,346,166 |  |  | 2,634,012 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,634,012 |
Financial Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment contract and policy reserves, fixed annuity contracts |  | 4,675,774 |  |  | 4,609,880 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,609,880 |
Investment contract and life policy reserves, account values on life contracts |  | 93,465 |  |  | 98,332 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 98,332 |
Other policyholder funds |  | 553,550 |  |  | 553,550 |  |  | — |  |  | 495,812 |  |  | 57,738 |
Short-term debt |  | 135,000 |  |  | 135,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 135,000 |
Long-term debt |  | 298,025 |  |  | 322,678 |  |  | — |  |  | 322,678 |  |  | — |

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- Definition Carrying value, fair value and fair value hierarchy of financial assets and financial liabilities not carried at fair value, are measured on a nonrecurring basis, and fair value disclosure is required. + References No definition available. + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of input and valuation technique used to measure fair value and change in valuation approach and technique for each separate class of asset and liability measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (bbb) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=117815213&loc=d3e19207-110258 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the fair value measurement of assets using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3), a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances, separately presenting changes during the period attributable to the following: (1) total gains or losses for the period (realized and unrealized), segregating those gains or losses included in earnings (or changes in net assets) and gains or losses recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), and a description of where those gains or losses included in earnings (or changes in net assets) are reported in the statement of income (or activities); (2) purchases, sales, issues, and settlements (each type disclosed separately); and (3) transfers in and transfers out of Level 3 (for example, transfers due to changes in the observability of significant inputs), by class of asset. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 3 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=117815213&loc=d3e19279-110258 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (c) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=117815213&loc=d3e19207-110258 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of assets and liabilities, including [financial] instruments measured at fair value that are classified in stockholders' equity, if any, that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The disclosures contemplated herein include the fair value measurements at the reporting date by the level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements in their entirety fall, segregating fair value measurements using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1), significant other observable inputs (Level 2), and significant unobservable inputs (Level 3). + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (b) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=117815213&loc=d3e19207-110258 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (a) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=117815213&loc=d3e19207-110258 + Details
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