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Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2025
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Abstract] |
Loans, Notes, Trade and Other Receivables Disclosure | Loans and Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses Loans and leases are presented in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition net of deferred fees and costs, and discounts related to purchased loans. Net deferred fees were $19.0 million and $14.7 million as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, and discounts on purchased loans from acquisitions were $24.4 million and $18.9 million as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The following table provides outstanding balances related to each of our loan types:
|  |  |  |  | September 30, 2025 |  |  |  |  |  | December 31, 2024
|  |  |  |  | (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,009,025 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,677,989 |
Time and demand |  |  |  |  | 1,251,980 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,133,595 |
Commercial credit cards |  |  |  |  | 11,709 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 11,718 |
Equipment finance |  |  |  |  | 634,398 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 427,320 |
Time and demand other |  |  |  |  | 110,938 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 105,356 |
Real estate construction |  |  |  |  | 445,442 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 483,384 |
Construction other |  |  |  |  | 403,548 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 475,367 |
Construction residential |  |  |  |  | 41,894 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8,017 |
Residential real estate |  |  |  |  | 2,382,725 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,341,703 |
Residential first lien |  |  |  |  | 1,664,891 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,670,547 |
Residential junior lien/home equity |  |  |  |  | 717,834 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 671,156 |
Commercial real estate |  |  |  |  | 3,408,801 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3,124,704 |
Multifamily |  |  |  |  | 656,182 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 597,145 |
Non-owner occupied |  |  |  |  | 1,944,990 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,804,950 |
Owner occupied |  |  |  |  | 807,629 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 722,609 |
Loans to individuals |  |  |  |  | 1,442,295 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,355,974 |
Automobile and recreational vehicles |  |  |  |  | 1,370,551 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,280,645 |
Consumer credit cards |  |  |  |  | 9,359 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 9,865 |
Consumer other |  |  |  |  | 62,385 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 65,464 |
Total loans and leases |  |  |  |  | $ | 9,688,288 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 8,983,754 |
First Commonwealth’s loan portfolio includes five primary loan categories. When calculating the allowance for credit losses these categories are classified into fourteen portfolio segments. The composition of loans by portfolio segment includes: Commercial, financial, agricultural and other Time & Demand - Consists primarily of commercial and industrial loans. This category consists of loans that are typically cash flow dependent and therefore have different risk and loss characteristics than other commercial loans. Loans in this category include revolving and term structures with fixed and variable interest rates. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of business bankruptcies and economic conditions measured by GDP. In the third quarter of 2025, as a result of a periodic review of loss history and loss drivers, business bankruptcies replaced national unemployment as one of the primary macroeconomic drivers in this category. Commercial Credit Cards - Consists of unsecured credit cards for commercial customers. These commercial credit cards have separate characteristics outside of normal commercial non-real estate loans, as they tend to have shorter overall duration. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of business bankruptcies and economic conditions measured by GDP. In the third quarter of 2025, as a result of a periodic review of loss history and loss drivers, business bankruptcies replaced national unemployment as one of the primary macroeconomic drivers in this category. Equipment Finance - Consists of loans and leases to finance the purchase of equipment for commercial customers. The risk and loss characteristics are unique for this group due to the type of collateral. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of business bankruptcies and economic conditions measured by GDP. In the third quarter of 2025, as a result of a periodic review of loss history and loss drivers, business bankruptcies replaced national unemployment as one of the primary macroeconomic drivers in this category. Time & Demand Other - Consists primarily of loans to state and political subdivisions and other commercial loans that have different characteristics than loans in the Time and Demand category. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of household obligations ratio and economic conditions measured by GDP. Real estate construction Construction Other - Consists of construction loans to commercial builders and developers and are secured by the properties under development. Construction Residential - Consists of loans to finance the construction of residential properties during the construction period. Borrowers are typically individuals who will occupy the completed single family property. The risk and loss characteristics of these two construction categories are different than other real estate secured categories due to the collateral being at various stages of completion. The nature of the project and type of borrower of the two construction categories provides for unique risk and loss characteristics for each category. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for construction loans include forecasts of national unemployment and measures of completed construction projects. Residential real estate Residential first lien - Consists of loans with collateral of 1-4 family residencies with a senior lien position. The risk and loss characteristics are unique for this group because the collateral for these loans are the borrower’s primary residence. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemployment and residential property values. Residential Junior Lien/Home Equity - Consists of loans with collateral of 1-4 family residencies with an open end line of credit or junior lien position. The junior lien position for the majority of these loans provides a higher risk of loss than other residential real estate loans. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemployment and residential property values. Commercial real estate Multifamily - Consists of loans secured by commercial multifamily properties. Real estate related to rentals to consumers provide unique risk and loss characteristics. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of completed multifamily construction projects and national unemployment. In the third quarter of 2025, as a result of a periodic review of loss history and loss drivers, completed multifamily construction projects replaced commercial real estate values as one of the primary macroeconomic drivers in this category. Non-owner Occupied - Consists of loans secured by non-owner occupied commercial real estate and provides different loss characteristics than other real estate categories. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemployment and changes in the price of commercial real estate. In the third quarter of 2025, as a result of a periodic review of loss history and loss drivers, completed multifamily construction projects replaced economic conditions measured by GDP as one of the primary macroeconomic drivers in this category. Owner Occupied - Consists of loans secured by owner occupied commercial real estate properties. The risk and loss characteristics of this category were considered different than other real estate categories because it is owner occupied and would impact the ability to conduct business. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemployment and economic conditions measured by GDP. Loans to individuals Automobile and Recreational Vehicles - Consists of both direct and indirect loans with automobiles and recreational vehicles held as collateral. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of automobile retention value and business bankruptcies. In the third quarter of 2025, as a result of a periodic review of loss history and loss drivers, business bankruptcies replaced consumer sentiment as one of the primary macroeconomic drivers in this category. This change reflects the view that business bankruptcies are better correlated with defaults in this category at this point in the economic cycle. Consumer Credit Cards – Consists of unsecured consumer credit cards. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of consumer sentiment and median family income. In the third quarter of 2025, as a result of a periodic review of loss history and loss drivers, median family income projections replaced economic conditions measured by GDP as one of the primary macroeconomic drivers in this category. Other Consumer - Consists of lines of credit, student loans and other consumer loans, not secured by real estate or autos. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of consumer confidence and retail sales. Calculation of the Allowance for Credit Losses The allowance for credit losses is calculated by pooling loans of similar credit risk characteristics and applying a discounted cash flow methodology after incorporating probability of default and loss given default estimates. Probability of default represents an estimate of the likelihood of default, and loss given default measures the expected loss upon default. Inputs impacting the expected losses include a forecast of macroeconomic factors, using a weighted forecast from a nationally recognized firm. Our model incorporates a one-year forecast of macroeconomic factors, after which the factors revert back to the historical mean over a one-year period. The most significant macroeconomic factor used in estimating credit losses is the national unemployment rate. The forecasted value for national unemployment at the beginning of the forecast period was 4.32%, and during the one-year forecast period it was projected to average 5.15%, with a peak of 5.54%. Credit Quality Information As part of the on-going monitoring of credit quality within the loan portfolio, the following credit worthiness categories are used in grading our loans:
Pass |  | Acceptable levels of risk exist in the relationship. Includes all loans not classified as OAEM, substandard or doubtful.
Other Assets Especially Mentioned (OAEM) |  | Potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. The potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects or weaken the Company’s credit position at some future date. The credit risk may be relatively minor, yet constitute an undesirable risk in light of the circumstances surrounding the specific credit. No loss of principal or interest is expected.
Substandard |  | Well-defined weakness or a weakness that jeopardizes the repayment of the debt. A loan may be classified as substandard as a result of deterioration of the borrower’s financial condition and repayment capacity. Loans for which repayment plans have not been met or collateral equity margins do not protect the Company may also be classified as substandard.
Doubtful |  | Loans with the characteristics of substandard loans with the added characteristic that collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of presently existing facts and conditions, is highly improbable.
The Company’s internal creditworthiness grading system provides a measurement of credit risk based primarily on an evaluation of the borrower’s cash flow and collateral. Category ratings are reviewed each quarter, at which time management analyzes the results, as well as other external statistics and factors related to loan performance. The following tables represent our credit risk profile by creditworthiness category:
| September 30, 2025
|  |  | Non-Pass |  |  |  |
| Pass |  | OAEM |  | Substandard |  | Doubtful |  | Loss |  | Total Non-Pass |  | Total
| (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other | $ | 1,888,960 |  |  | $ | 59,591 |  |  | $ | 60,474 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 120,065 |  |  | $ | 2,009,025 |
Time and demand | 1,136,110 |  |  | 56,967 |  |  | 58,903 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 115,870 |  |  | 1,251,980 |
Commercial credit cards | 11,709 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,709 |
Equipment finance | 630,206 |  |  | 2,621 |  |  | 1,571 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,192 |  |  | 634,398 |
Time and demand other | 110,935 |  |  | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | 110,938 |
Real estate construction | 443,616 |  |  | 176 |  |  | 1,650 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,826 |  |  | 445,442 |
Construction other | 401,722 |  |  | 176 |  |  | 1,650 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,826 |  |  | 403,548 |
Construction residential | 41,894 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 41,894 |
Residential real estate | 2,367,437 |  |  | 2,764 |  |  | 12,524 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 15,288 |  |  | 2,382,725 |
Residential first lien | 1,654,093 |  |  | 2,764 |  |  | 8,034 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10,798 |  |  | 1,664,891 |
Residential junior lien/home equity | 713,344 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,490 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,490 |  |  | 717,834 |
Commercial real estate | 3,297,787 |  |  | 60,781 |  |  | 50,233 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 111,014 |  |  | 3,408,801 |
Multifamily | 636,440 |  |  | 19,687 |  |  | 55 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 19,742 |  |  | 656,182 |
Non-owner occupied | 1,900,625 |  |  | 26,648 |  |  | 17,717 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 44,365 |  |  | 1,944,990 |
Owner occupied | 760,722 |  |  | 14,446 |  |  | 32,461 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 46,907 |  |  | 807,629 |
Loans to individuals | 1,442,274 |  |  | — |  |  | 21 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 21 |  |  | 1,442,295 |
Automobile and recreational vehicles | 1,370,532 |  |  | — |  |  | 19 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 19 |  |  | 1,370,551 |
Consumer credit cards | 9,359 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,359 |
Consumer other | 62,383 |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 62,385 |
Total loans and leases | $ | 9,440,074 |  |  | $ | 123,312 |  |  | $ | 124,902 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 248,214 |  |  | $ | 9,688,288 |
| December 31, 2024
|  |  | Non-Pass |  |  |  |
| Pass |  | OAEM |  | Substandard |  | Doubtful |  | Loss |  | Total Non-Pass |  | Total
| (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other | $ | 1,579,704 |  |  | $ | 65,892 |  |  | $ | 32,393 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 98,285 |  |  | $ | 1,677,989 |
Time and demand | 1,037,723 |  |  | 64,757 |  |  | 31,115 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 95,872 |  |  | 1,133,595 |
Commercial credit cards | 11,718 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,718 |
Equipment finance | 424,911 |  |  | 1,131 |  |  | 1,278 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,409 |  |  | 427,320 |
Time and demand other | 105,352 |  |  | 4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4 |  |  | 105,356 |
Real estate construction | 480,675 |  |  | 180 |  |  | 2,529 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,709 |  |  | 483,384 |
Construction other | 472,658 |  |  | 180 |  |  | 2,529 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,709 |  |  | 475,367 |
Construction residential | 8,017 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,017 |
Residential real estate | 2,328,571 |  |  | 1,297 |  |  | 11,835 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13,132 |  |  | 2,341,703 |
Residential first lien | 1,661,868 |  |  | 1,297 |  |  | 7,382 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,679 |  |  | 1,670,547 |
Residential junior lien/home equity | 666,703 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,453 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,453 |  |  | 671,156 |
Commercial real estate | 3,014,905 |  |  | 60,510 |  |  | 49,289 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 109,799 |  |  | 3,124,704 |
Multifamily | 578,725 |  |  | 18,346 |  |  | 74 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 18,420 |  |  | 597,145 |
Non-owner occupied | 1,754,255 |  |  | 21,869 |  |  | 28,826 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 50,695 |  |  | 1,804,950 |
Owner occupied | 681,925 |  |  | 20,295 |  |  | 20,389 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 40,684 |  |  | 722,609 |
Loans to individuals | 1,355,724 |  |  | — |  |  | 250 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 250 |  |  | 1,355,974 |
Automobile and recreational vehicles | 1,280,498 |  |  | — |  |  | 147 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 147 |  |  | 1,280,645 |
Consumer credit cards | 9,865 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,865 |
Consumer other | 65,361 |  |  | — |  |  | 103 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 103 |  |  | 65,464 |
Total loans and leases | $ | 8,759,579 |  |  | $ | 127,879 |  |  | $ | 96,296 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 224,175 |  |  | $ | 8,983,754 |
The following table summarizes the loan risk rating category by loan type including term loans on an amortized cost basis by origination year:
| September 30, 2025
| Term Loans |  | Revolving Loans |  |
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Prior |  |  | Total
| (dollars in thousands)
Time and demand | $ | 104,642 |  |  | $ | 153,068 |  |  | $ | 107,714 |  |  | $ | 96,195 |  |  | $ | 70,858 |  |  | $ | 97,879 |  |  | $ | 621,624 |  |  | $ | 1,251,980 |
Pass | 103,053 |  |  | 150,329 |  |  | 103,769 |  |  | 87,270 |  |  | 60,404 |  |  | 90,030 |  |  | 541,255 |  |  | 1,136,110 |
OAEM | 1,589 |  |  | 1,006 |  |  | 2,707 |  |  | 2,858 |  |  | 1,823 |  |  | 2,079 |  |  | 44,905 |  |  | 56,967 |
Substandard | — |  |  | 1,733 |  |  | 1,238 |  |  | 6,067 |  |  | 8,631 |  |  | 5,770 |  |  | 35,464 |  |  | 58,903 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | (127) |  |  | (230) |  |  | (1,352) |  |  | (353) |  |  | (1,673) |  |  | (6,136) |  |  | (9,871) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 402 |  |  | 26 |  |  | 805 |  |  | 2,869 |  |  | 4,102 |
Commercial credit cards | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,709 |  |  | 11,709 |
Pass | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,709 |  |  | 11,709 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (183) |  |  | (183) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 25 |  |  | 25 |
Equipment finance | 294,696 |  |  | 212,878 |  |  | 98,629 |  |  | 28,195 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 634,398 |
Pass | 294,696 |  |  | 211,544 |  |  | 97,123 |  |  | 26,843 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 630,206 |
OAEM | — |  |  | 1,042 |  |  | 844 |  |  | 735 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,621 |
Substandard | — |  |  | 292 |  |  | 662 |  |  | 617 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,571 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | (387) |  |  | (303) |  |  | (945) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,635) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | 7 |  |  | 160 |  |  | 383 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 550 |
| September 30, 2025
| Term Loans |  | Revolving Loans |  |
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Prior |  |  | Total
| (dollars in thousands)
Time and demand other | 6,709 |  |  | 11,102 |  |  | 12,198 |  |  | 4,357 |  |  | 15,278 |  |  | 55,102 |  |  | 6,192 |  |  | 110,938 |
Pass | 6,709 |  |  | 11,102 |  |  | 12,198 |  |  | 4,357 |  |  | 15,278 |  |  | 55,102 |  |  | 6,189 |  |  | 110,935 |
OAEM | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | 3 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,151) |  |  | (1,151) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 180 |  |  | 181 |
Construction other | 93,271 |  |  | 68,216 |  |  | 146,827 |  |  | 39,234 |  |  | 33,495 |  |  | 19,633 |  |  | 2,872 |  |  | 403,548 |
Pass | 93,271 |  |  | 68,216 |  |  | 146,827 |  |  | 39,058 |  |  | 31,984 |  |  | 19,494 |  |  | 2,872 |  |  | 401,722 |
OAEM | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 176 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 176 |
Substandard | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,511 |  |  | 139 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,650 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (267) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (267) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Construction residential | 12,054 |  |  | 8,887 |  |  | 14,528 |  |  | 3,530 |  |  | 1,704 |  |  | 26 |  |  | 1,165 |  |  | 41,894 |
Pass | 12,054 |  |  | 8,887 |  |  | 14,528 |  |  | 3,530 |  |  | 1,704 |  |  | 26 |  |  | 1,165 |  |  | 41,894 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (562) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (562) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Residential first lien | 57,867 |  |  | 57,098 |  |  | 148,794 |  |  | 355,822 |  |  | 455,105 |  |  | 587,678 |  |  | 2,527 |  |  | 1,664,891 |
Pass | 57,867 |  |  | 56,859 |  |  | 146,376 |  |  | 353,115 |  |  | 453,189 |  |  | 584,225 |  |  | 2,462 |  |  | 1,654,093 |
OAEM | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,644 |  |  | 171 |  |  | 884 |  |  | 65 |  |  | 2,764 |
Substandard | — |  |  | 239 |  |  | 2,418 |  |  | 1,063 |  |  | 1,745 |  |  | 2,569 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,034 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | — |  |  | (204) |  |  | (5) |  |  | (8) |  |  | (4) |  |  | — |  |  | (221) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 55 |  |  | — |  |  | 55 |
Residential junior lien/home equity | 36,268 |  |  | 18,427 |  |  | 47,966 |  |  | 51,565 |  |  | 33,440 |  |  | 5,354 |  |  | 524,814 |  |  | 717,834 |
Pass | 36,268 |  |  | 18,427 |  |  | 47,955 |  |  | 51,490 |  |  | 33,440 |  |  | 5,161 |  |  | 520,603 |  |  | 713,344 |
Substandard | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11 |  |  | 75 |  |  | — |  |  | 193 |  |  | 4,211 |  |  | 4,490 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (130) |  |  | (130) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 145 |  |  | 147 |
Multifamily | 21,675 |  |  | 29,146 |  |  | 70,544 |  |  | 245,039 |  |  | 127,710 |  |  | 160,245 |  |  | 1,823 |  |  | 656,182 |
Pass | 21,675 |  |  | 29,146 |  |  | 70,544 |  |  | 231,751 |  |  | 122,687 |  |  | 159,113 |  |  | 1,524 |  |  | 636,440 |
OAEM | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13,288 |  |  | 5,023 |  |  | 1,077 |  |  | 299 |  |  | 19,687 |
Substandard | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 55 |  |  | — |  |  | 55 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (461) |  |  | — |  |  | (461) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Non-owner occupied | 164,227 |  |  | 110,044 |  |  | 239,149 |  |  | 439,693 |  |  | 200,934 |  |  | 778,198 |  |  | 12,745 |  |  | 1,944,990 |
Pass | 164,227 |  |  | 110,044 |  |  | 239,149 |  |  | 431,020 |  |  | 191,248 |  |  | 752,257 |  |  | 12,680 |  |  | 1,900,625 |
OAEM | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,845 |  |  | 9,686 |  |  | 10,117 |  |  | — |  |  | 26,648 |
Substandard | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,828 |  |  | — |  |  | 15,824 |  |  | 65 |  |  | 17,717 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (785) |  |  | — |  |  | (2,678) |  |  | — |  |  | (3,463) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 142 |  |  | — |  |  | 142 |
Owner occupied | 99,499 |  |  | 80,826 |  |  | 114,187 |  |  | 150,036 |  |  | 132,669 |  |  | 215,346 |  |  | 15,066 |  |  | 807,629 |
Pass | 99,105 |  |  | 75,656 |  |  | 108,146 |  |  | 138,247 |  |  | 126,419 |  |  | 198,847 |  |  | 14,302 |  |  | 760,722 |
OAEM | — |  |  | 178 |  |  | 3,916 |  |  | 3,109 |  |  | 2,939 |  |  | 3,882 |  |  | 422 |  |  | 14,446 |
Substandard | 394 |  |  | 4,992 |  |  | 2,125 |  |  | 8,680 |  |  | 3,311 |  |  | 12,617 |  |  | 342 |  |  | 32,461 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | (130) |  |  | (126) |  |  | (957) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,213) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 63 |  |  | — |  |  | 63 |
| September 30, 2025
| Term Loans |  | Revolving Loans |  |
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Prior |  |  | Total
| (dollars in thousands)
Automobile and recreational vehicles | 432,814 |  |  | 313,662 |  |  | 239,771 |  |  | 230,023 |  |  | 100,872 |  |  | 53,409 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,370,551 |
Pass | 432,814 |  |  | 313,662 |  |  | 239,771 |  |  | 230,023 |  |  | 100,863 |  |  | 53,399 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,370,532 |
Substandard | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9 |  |  | 10 |  |  | — |  |  | 19 |
Gross charge-offs | (45) |  |  | (993) |  |  | (1,563) |  |  | (1,787) |  |  | (672) |  |  | (233) |  |  | — |  |  | (5,293) |
Gross recoveries | 3 |  |  | 245 |  |  | 495 |  |  | 852 |  |  | 381 |  |  | 320 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,296 |
Consumer credit cards | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,359 |  |  | 9,359 |
Pass | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,359 |  |  | 9,359 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (253) |  |  | (253) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 65 |  |  | 65 |
Consumer other | 5,429 |  |  | 5,659 |  |  | 2,778 |  |  | 1,349 |  |  | 8,399 |  |  | 2,481 |  |  | 36,290 |  |  | 62,385 |
Pass | 5,429 |  |  | 5,659 |  |  | 2,778 |  |  | 1,349 |  |  | 8,399 |  |  | 2,481 |  |  | 36,288 |  |  | 62,383 |
Substandard | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 2 |
Gross charge-offs | (6) |  |  | (66) |  |  | (124) |  |  | (67) |  |  | (119) |  |  | (1) |  |  | (927) |  |  | (1,310) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 14 |  |  | 14 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 28 |  |  | 202 |  |  | 284 |
Total loans and leases | $ | 1,329,151 |  |  | $ | 1,069,013 |  |  | $ | 1,243,085 |  |  | $ | 1,645,038 |  |  | $ | 1,180,464 |  |  | $ | 1,975,351 |  |  | $ | 1,246,186 |  |  | $ | 9,688,288 |
Total charge-offs | $ | (51) |  |  | $ | (1,703) |  |  | $ | (2,550) |  |  | $ | (6,165) |  |  | $ | (1,714) |  |  | $ | (5,050) |  |  | $ | (8,780) |  |  | $ | (26,013) |
Total recoveries | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | 253 |  |  | $ | 669 |  |  | $ | 1,651 |  |  | $ | 432 |  |  | $ | 1,416 |  |  | $ | 3,486 |  |  | $ | 7,910 |
| December 31, 2024
| Term Loans |  | Revolving Loans |  |
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | Prior |  |  | Total
| (dollars in thousands)
Time and demand | $ | 144,084 |  |  | $ | 115,113 |  |  | $ | 101,483 |  |  | $ | 80,688 |  |  | $ | 47,378 |  |  | $ | 67,103 |  |  | $ | 577,746 |  |  | $ | 1,133,595 |
Pass | 142,872 |  |  | 107,764 |  |  | 96,068 |  |  | 60,244 |  |  | 44,645 |  |  | 56,393 |  |  | 529,737 |  |  | 1,037,723 |
OAEM | 1,212 |  |  | 2,696 |  |  | 3,327 |  |  | 11,963 |  |  | 1,881 |  |  | 4,362 |  |  | 39,316 |  |  | 64,757 |
Substandard | — |  |  | 4,653 |  |  | 2,088 |  |  | 8,481 |  |  | 852 |  |  | 6,348 |  |  | 8,693 |  |  | 31,115 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | (17) |  |  | (45) |  |  | (271) |  |  | (658) |  |  | (4,380) |  |  | (5,760) |  |  | (11,131) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 208 |  |  | 197 |  |  | 29 |  |  | 435 |
Commercial credit cards | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,718 |  |  | 11,718 |
Pass | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,718 |  |  | 11,718 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (251) |  |  | (251) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6 |  |  | 6 |
Equipment finance | 256,015 |  |  | 129,463 |  |  | 41,842 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 427,320 |
Pass | 255,572 |  |  | 128,560 |  |  | 40,779 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 424,911 |
OAEM | 443 |  |  | 267 |  |  | 421 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,131 |
Substandard | — |  |  | 636 |  |  | 642 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,278 |
Gross charge-offs | (59) |  |  | (984) |  |  | (977) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,020) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | 98 |  |  | 76 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 174 |
Time and demand other | 10,746 |  |  | 10,813 |  |  | 4,561 |  |  | 16,526 |  |  | 18,435 |  |  | 41,261 |  |  | 3,014 |  |  | 105,356 |
Pass | 10,746 |  |  | 10,813 |  |  | 4,561 |  |  | 16,526 |  |  | 18,435 |  |  | 41,261 |  |  | 3,010 |  |  | 105,352 |
OAEM | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4 |  |  | 4 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,110) |  |  | (2,110) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10 |  |  | 188 |  |  | 198 |
| December 31, 2024
| Term Loans |  | Revolving Loans |  |
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | Prior |  |  | Total
| (dollars in thousands)
Construction other | 54,109 |  |  | 195,536 |  |  | 136,010 |  |  | 62,890 |  |  | 7,030 |  |  | 18,766 |  |  | 1,026 |  |  | 475,367 |
Pass | 54,109 |  |  | 195,536 |  |  | 134,812 |  |  | 61,379 |  |  | 7,030 |  |  | 18,766 |  |  | 1,026 |  |  | 472,658 |
OAEM | — |  |  | — |  |  | 180 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 180 |
Substandard | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,018 |  |  | 1,511 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,529 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | — |  |  | (588) |  |  | (504) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,092) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6 |  |  | — |  |  | 6 |
Construction residential | 1,743 |  |  | 3,366 |  |  | 1,740 |  |  | 1,140 |  |  | — |  |  | 28 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,017 |
Pass | 1,743 |  |  | 3,366 |  |  | 1,740 |  |  | 1,140 |  |  | — |  |  | 28 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,017 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Residential first lien | 47,504 |  |  | 147,678 |  |  | 369,890 |  |  | 475,231 |  |  | 296,971 |  |  | 331,368 |  |  | 1,905 |  |  | 1,670,547 |
Pass | 47,504 |  |  | 145,898 |  |  | 369,111 |  |  | 473,418 |  |  | 296,170 |  |  | 327,934 |  |  | 1,833 |  |  | 1,661,868 |
OAEM | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 255 |  |  | 345 |  |  | 625 |  |  | 72 |  |  | 1,297 |
Substandard | — |  |  | 1,780 |  |  | 779 |  |  | 1,558 |  |  | 456 |  |  | 2,809 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,382 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | (108) |  |  | (1) |  |  | (20) |  |  | (1) |  |  | (61) |  |  | — |  |  | (191) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 168 |  |  | — |  |  | 168 |
Residential junior lien/home equity | 21,770 |  |  | 53,985 |  |  | 58,662 |  |  | 37,644 |  |  | 1,163 |  |  | 5,406 |  |  | 492,526 |  |  | 671,156 |
Pass | 21,770 |  |  | 53,974 |  |  | 58,587 |  |  | 37,644 |  |  | 1,163 |  |  | 5,207 |  |  | 488,358 |  |  | 666,703 |
Substandard | — |  |  | 11 |  |  | 75 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 199 |  |  | 4,168 |  |  | 4,453 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (291) |  |  | (292) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 32 |  |  | 170 |  |  | 202 |
Multifamily | 25,006 |  |  | 6,978 |  |  | 235,374 |  |  | 141,970 |  |  | 79,271 |  |  | 108,059 |  |  | 487 |  |  | 597,145 |
Pass | 25,006 |  |  | 6,978 |  |  | 222,965 |  |  | 136,872 |  |  | 78,844 |  |  | 107,573 |  |  | 487 |  |  | 578,725 |
OAEM | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,409 |  |  | 5,098 |  |  | 427 |  |  | 412 |  |  | — |  |  | 18,346 |
Substandard | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 74 |  |  | — |  |  | 74 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Non-owner occupied | 120,201 |  |  | 206,496 |  |  | 435,072 |  |  | 182,234 |  |  | 147,034 |  |  | 702,907 |  |  | 11,006 |  |  | 1,804,950 |
Pass | 120,201 |  |  | 203,543 |  |  | 424,778 |  |  | 181,993 |  |  | 136,219 |  |  | 676,580 |  |  | 10,941 |  |  | 1,754,255 |
OAEM | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10,294 |  |  | 241 |  |  | 1,641 |  |  | 9,693 |  |  | — |  |  | 21,869 |
Substandard | — |  |  | 2,953 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,174 |  |  | 16,634 |  |  | 65 |  |  | 28,826 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | — |  |  | (50) |  |  | — |  |  | (3,761) |  |  | (3,327) |  |  | — |  |  | (7,138) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 59 |  |  | — |  |  | 59 |
Owner occupied | 64,019 |  |  | 112,272 |  |  | 152,714 |  |  | 145,807 |  |  | 58,919 |  |  | 176,674 |  |  | 12,204 |  |  | 722,609 |
Pass | 62,968 |  |  | 110,539 |  |  | 139,937 |  |  | 139,644 |  |  | 57,309 |  |  | 161,208 |  |  | 10,320 |  |  | 681,925 |
OAEM | — |  |  | 876 |  |  | 7,002 |  |  | 6,129 |  |  | 198 |  |  | 4,260 |  |  | 1,830 |  |  | 20,295 |
Substandard | 1,051 |  |  | 857 |  |  | 5,775 |  |  | 34 |  |  | 1,412 |  |  | 11,206 |  |  | 54 |  |  | 20,389 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | — |  |  | (141) |  |  | (136) |  |  | (1,050) |  |  | (163) |  |  | (50) |  |  | (1,540) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 28 |  |  | — |  |  | 49 |  |  | 41 |  |  | 118 |
Automobile and recreational vehicles | 403,819 |  |  | 316,774 |  |  | 321,803 |  |  | 152,084 |  |  | 71,682 |  |  | 14,483 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,280,645 |
Pass | 403,803 |  |  | 316,734 |  |  | 321,776 |  |  | 152,052 |  |  | 71,674 |  |  | 14,459 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,280,498 |
Substandard | 16 |  |  | 40 |  |  | 27 |  |  | 32 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 24 |  |  | — |  |  | 147 |
Gross charge-offs | (310) |  |  | (1,826) |  |  | (3,223) |  |  | (1,275) |  |  | (525) |  |  | (452) |  |  | — |  |  | (7,611) |
Gross recoveries | 36 |  |  | 415 |  |  | 844 |  |  | 468 |  |  | 296 |  |  | 351 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,410 |
Consumer credit cards | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,865 |  |  | 9,865 |
Pass | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,865 |  |  | 9,865 |
Gross charge-offs | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (428) |  |  | (428) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 96 |  |  | 96 |
| December 31, 2024
| Term Loans |  | Revolving Loans |  |
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | Prior |  |  | Total
| (dollars in thousands)
Consumer other | 7,878 |  |  | 4,351 |  |  | 2,530 |  |  | 10,325 |  |  | 642 |  |  | 2,291 |  |  | 37,447 |  |  | 65,464 |
Pass | 7,878 |  |  | 4,351 |  |  | 2,530 |  |  | 10,323 |  |  | 642 |  |  | 2,291 |  |  | 37,346 |  |  | 65,361 |
Substandard | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 101 |  |  | 103 |
Gross charge-offs | (17) |  |  | (109) |  |  | (93) |  |  | (102) |  |  | (20) |  |  | (35) |  |  | (1,248) |  |  | (1,624) |
Gross recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14 |  |  | 21 |  |  | 16 |  |  | 111 |  |  | 214 |  |  | 376 |
Total loans and leases | $ | 1,156,894 |  |  | $ | 1,302,825 |  |  | $ | 1,861,681 |  |  | $ | 1,306,539 |  |  | $ | 728,525 |  |  | $ | 1,468,346 |  |  | $ | 1,158,944 |  |  | $ | 8,983,754 |
Total charge-offs | $ | (386) |  |  | $ | (3,044) |  |  | $ | (5,119) |  |  | $ | (2,308) |  |  | $ | (6,015) |  |  | $ | (8,418) |  |  | $ | (10,138) |  |  | $ | (35,428) |
Total recoveries | $ | 36 |  |  | $ | 513 |  |  | $ | 935 |  |  | $ | 517 |  |  | $ | 520 |  |  | $ | 983 |  |  | $ | 744 |  |  | $ | 4,248 |
Portfolio Risks The credit quality of our loan portfolio can potentially represent significant risk to our earnings, capital and liquidity. First Commonwealth devotes substantial resources to managing this risk primarily through our credit administration department that develops and administers policies and procedures for underwriting, maintaining, monitoring and collecting loans. Credit administration is independent of lending departments and oversight is provided by the Risk Committee of the First Commonwealth Board of Directors. Total net charge-offs for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 were $18.1 million and $17.5 million, respectively. Age Analysis of Past Due Loans by Segment The following tables delineate the aging analysis of the recorded investments in past due loans as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Also included in these tables are loans that are 90 days or more past due and still accruing because they are well-secured and in the process of collection.
| September 30, 2025
| 30 - 59 days past due |  | 60 - 89 days past due |  | 90 days or greater and still accruing |  | Nonaccrual |  | Total past due and nonaccrual |  | Current |  | Total
| (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other | $ | 8,589 |  |  | $ | 3,135 |  |  | $ | 360 |  |  | $ | 44,738 |  |  | $ | 56,822 |  |  | $ | 1,952,203 |  |  | $ | 2,009,025 |
Time and demand | 7,197 |  |  | 2,238 |  |  | 360 |  |  | 43,890 |  |  | 53,685 |  |  | 1,198,295 |  |  | 1,251,980 |
Commercial credit cards | 33 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 33 |  |  | 11,676 |  |  | 11,709 |
Equipment finance | 1,359 |  |  | 897 |  |  | — |  |  | 848 |  |  | 3,104 |  |  | 631,294 |  |  | 634,398 |
Time and demand other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 110,938 |  |  | 110,938 |
Real estate construction | 6,595 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,511 |  |  | 8,106 |  |  | 437,336 |  |  | 445,442 |
Construction other | 6,595 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,511 |  |  | 8,106 |  |  | 395,442 |  |  | 403,548 |
Construction residential | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 41,894 |  |  | 41,894 |
Residential real estate | 6,315 |  |  | 2,391 |  |  | 896 |  |  | 12,355 |  |  | 21,957 |  |  | 2,360,768 |  |  | 2,382,725 |
Residential first lien | 5,148 |  |  | 1,932 |  |  | 421 |  |  | 7,864 |  |  | 15,365 |  |  | 1,649,526 |  |  | 1,664,891 |
Residential junior lien/home equity | 1,167 |  |  | 459 |  |  | 475 |  |  | 4,491 |  |  | 6,592 |  |  | 711,242 |  |  | 717,834 |
Commercial real estate | 5,783 |  |  | 326 |  |  | 648 |  |  | 28,924 |  |  | 35,681 |  |  | 3,373,120 |  |  | 3,408,801 |
Multifamily | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 19 |  |  | 19 |  |  | 656,163 |  |  | 656,182 |
Non-owner occupied | 3,063 |  |  | 326 |  |  | — |  |  | 12,664 |  |  | 16,053 |  |  | 1,928,937 |  |  | 1,944,990 |
Owner occupied | 2,720 |  |  | — |  |  | 648 |  |  | 16,241 |  |  | 19,609 |  |  | 788,020 |  |  | 807,629 |
Loans to individuals | 4,787 |  |  | 871 |  |  | 213 |  |  | 19 |  |  | 5,890 |  |  | 1,436,405 |  |  | 1,442,295 |
Automobile and recreational vehicles | 4,385 |  |  | 742 |  |  | 41 |  |  | 17 |  |  | 5,185 |  |  | 1,365,366 |  |  | 1,370,551 |
Consumer credit cards | 45 |  |  | 45 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 90 |  |  | 9,269 |  |  | 9,359 |
Consumer other | 357 |  |  | 84 |  |  | 172 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 615 |  |  | 61,770 |  |  | 62,385 |
Total loans and leases | $ | 32,069 |  |  | $ | 6,723 |  |  | $ | 2,117 |  |  | $ | 87,547 |  |  | $ | 128,456 |  |  | $ | 9,559,832 |  |  | $ | 9,688,288 |
| December 31, 2024
| 30 - 59 days past due |  | 60 - 89 days past due |  | 90 days or greater and still accruing |  | Nonaccrual |  | Total past due and nonaccrual |  | Current |  | Total
| (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other | $ | 2,379 |  |  | $ | 1,544 |  |  | $ | 26 |  |  | $ | 14,987 |  |  | $ | 18,936 |  |  | $ | 1,659,053 |  |  | $ | 1,677,989 |
Time and demand | 649 |  |  | 1,126 |  |  | 26 |  |  | 14,181 |  |  | 15,982 |  |  | 1,117,613 |  |  | 1,133,595 |
Commercial credit cards | 61 |  |  | 26 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 87 |  |  | 11,631 |  |  | 11,718 |
Equipment finance | 1,659 |  |  | 392 |  |  | — |  |  | 806 |  |  | 2,857 |  |  | 424,463 |  |  | 427,320 |
Time and demand other | 10 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10 |  |  | 105,346 |  |  | 105,356 |
Real estate construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,529 |  |  | 2,529 |  |  | 480,855 |  |  | 483,384 |
Construction other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,529 |  |  | 2,529 |  |  | 472,838 |  |  | 475,367 |
Construction residential | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,017 |  |  | 8,017 |
Residential real estate | 5,677 |  |  | 1,659 |  |  | 1,588 |  |  | 11,587 |  |  | 20,511 |  |  | 2,321,192 |  |  | 2,341,703 |
Residential first lien | 3,904 |  |  | 1,184 |  |  | 1,134 |  |  | 7,134 |  |  | 13,356 |  |  | 1,657,191 |  |  | 1,670,547 |
Residential junior lien/home equity | 1,773 |  |  | 475 |  |  | 454 |  |  | 4,453 |  |  | 7,155 |  |  | 664,001 |  |  | 671,156 |
Commercial real estate | 1,597 |  |  | 1,099 |  |  | — |  |  | 32,103 |  |  | 34,799 |  |  | 3,089,905 |  |  | 3,124,704 |
Multifamily | 212 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 20 |  |  | 232 |  |  | 596,913 |  |  | 597,145 |
Non-owner occupied | 72 |  |  | 742 |  |  | — |  |  | 24,550 |  |  | 25,364 |  |  | 1,779,586 |  |  | 1,804,950 |
Owner occupied | 1,313 |  |  | 357 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,533 |  |  | 9,203 |  |  | 713,406 |  |  | 722,609 |
Loans to individuals | 5,020 |  |  | 1,143 |  |  | 450 |  |  | 250 |  |  | 6,863 |  |  | 1,349,111 |  |  | 1,355,974 |
Automobile and recreational vehicles | 4,667 |  |  | 930 |  |  | 149 |  |  | 147 |  |  | 5,893 |  |  | 1,274,752 |  |  | 1,280,645 |
Consumer credit cards | 24 |  |  | 28 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 52 |  |  | 9,813 |  |  | 9,865 |
Consumer other | 329 |  |  | 185 |  |  | 301 |  |  | 103 |  |  | 918 |  |  | 64,546 |  |  | 65,464 |
Total loans and leases | $ | 14,673 |  |  | $ | 5,445 |  |  | $ | 2,064 |  |  | $ | 61,456 |  |  | $ | 83,638 |  |  | $ | 8,900,116 |  |  | $ | 8,983,754 |
Nonaccrual Loans The previous tables summarize nonaccrual loans by loan segment. The Company generally places loans on nonaccrual status when the full and timely collection of interest or principal becomes uncertain, when part of the principal balance has been charged off and no restructuring has occurred, or the loans reach a certain number of days past due. Generally, loans 90 days or more past due are placed on nonaccrual status, except for most consumer loans, which are placed on nonaccrual status at 150 days past due. Consumer loans related to automobile and recreational vehicles are either charged off or repossessed at no later than 90 days past due unless the borrower is in the process of collection through bankruptcy proceedings. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual, the accrued unpaid interest receivable is reversed against interest income and all future payments received are applied as a reduction to the loan principal. Generally, the loan is returned to accrual status when (a) all delinquent interest and principal becomes current under the terms of the loan agreement or (b) the loan is both well-secured and in the process of collection and collectability is no longer in doubt. Nonaccrual loans in the above tables include loans with government guarantees of $24.4 million at September 30, 2025 and $8.1 million at December 31, 2024. Nonperforming Loans Management considers loans to be nonperforming when, based on current information and events, it is determined that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the loan contract, including scheduled interest payments. When management identifies a loan as nonperforming, the credit loss is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows, discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, except when the sole source for repayment of the loan is the operation or liquidation of collateral. When the loan is collateral dependent, the appraised value less estimated cost to sell is utilized. If management determines that the value of the loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, a credit loss is recognized through an allowance estimate or a charge-off to the allowance for credit losses. When the ultimate collectability of the total principal of a nonperforming loan is in doubt and the loan is on nonaccrual status, all payments are applied to principal under the cost recovery method. When the ultimate collectability of the total principal of a nonperforming loan is not in doubt and the loan is on nonaccrual status, contractual interest is credited to interest income when received under the cash basis method. At September 30, 2025, there was $1.1 million in nonperforming loans held for sale. At December 31, 2024, there were no nonperforming loans held for sale. During both the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, there were no gains recognized on the sale of nonperforming loans. The following tables include the recorded investment and unpaid principal balance for nonperforming loans with the associated allowance amount, if applicable, as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Also presented are the average recorded investment in nonperforming loans and the related amount of interest recognized while the loan was considered nonperforming. Average balances are calculated using month-end balances of the loans for the period reported and are included in the table below based on their period-end allowance position.
| September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
| Recorded investment |  | Unpaid principal balance |  | Related specific allowance |  | Recorded investment |  | Unpaid principal balance |  | Related specific allowance
| (dollars in thousands)
With no related specific allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other | $ | 8,707 |  |  | $ | 17,266 |  |  |  |  | $ | 5,619 |  |  | $ | 21,745 |  |  |
Time and demand | 7,859 |  |  | 16,418 |  |  |  |  | 4,813 |  |  | 20,939 |  |  |
Equipment finance | 848 |  |  | 848 |  |  |  |  | 806 |  |  | 806 |  |  |
Time and demand other | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |
Real estate construction | 1,511 |  |  | 1,511 |  |  |  |  | 2,529 |  |  | 2,581 |  |  |
Construction other | 1,511 |  |  | 1,511 |  |  |  |  | 2,529 |  |  | 2,581 |  |  |
Construction residential | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |
Residential real estate | 9,525 |  |  | 11,122 |  |  |  |  | 8,875 |  |  | 10,524 |  |  |
Residential first lien | 6,626 |  |  | 7,565 |  |  |  |  | 6,020 |  |  | 6,993 |  |  |
Residential junior lien/home equity | 2,899 |  |  | 3,557 |  |  |  |  | 2,855 |  |  | 3,531 |  |  |
Commercial real estate | 18,699 |  |  | 25,398 |  |  |  |  | 18,346 |  |  | 24,047 |  |  |
Multifamily | 19 |  |  | 21 |  |  |  |  | 20 |  |  | 21 |  |  |
Non-owner occupied | 10,008 |  |  | 15,171 |  |  |  |  | 16,948 |  |  | 22,372 |  |  |
Owner occupied | 8,672 |  |  | 10,206 |  |  |  |  | 1,378 |  |  | 1,654 |  |  |
Loans to individuals | 19 |  |  | 44 |  |  |  |  | 250 |  |  | 2,237 |  |  |
Automobile and recreational vehicles | 17 |  |  | 28 |  |  |  |  | 147 |  |  | 2,080 |  |  |
Consumer other | 2 |  |  | 16 |  |  |  |  | 103 |  |  | 157 |  |  |
Subtotal | 38,461 |  |  | 55,341 |  |  |  |  | 35,619 |  |  | 61,134 |  |  |
With a specific allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other | 36,031 |  |  | 44,988 |  |  | $ | 10,290 |  |  | 9,368 |  |  | 10,459 |  |  | $ | 4,724 |
Time and demand | 36,031 |  |  | 44,988 |  |  | 10,290 |  |  | 9,368 |  |  | 10,459 |  |  | 4,724 |
Equipment finance | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Time and demand other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Real estate construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Construction other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Construction residential | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Residential real estate | 2,830 |  |  | 3,017 |  |  | 375 |  |  | 2,712 |  |  | 2,885 |  |  | 369 |
Residential first lien | 1,238 |  |  | 1,252 |  |  | 150 |  |  | 1,114 |  |  | 1,113 |  |  | 47 |
Residential junior lien/home equity | 1,592 |  |  | 1,765 |  |  | 225 |  |  | 1,598 |  |  | 1,772 |  |  | 322 |
Commercial real estate | 10,225 |  |  | 10,329 |  |  | 708 |  |  | 13,757 |  |  | 15,058 |  |  | 2,872 |
Multifamily | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Non-owner occupied | 2,656 |  |  | 2,656 |  |  | 195 |  |  | 7,602 |  |  | 8,686 |  |  | 2,093 |
Owner occupied | 7,569 |  |  | 7,673 |  |  | 513 |  |  | 6,155 |  |  | 6,372 |  |  | 779 |
Loans to individuals | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Automobile and recreational vehicles | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Subtotal | 49,086 |  |  | 58,334 |  |  | 11,373 |  |  | 25,837 |  |  | 28,402 |  |  | 7,965 |
Total | $ | 87,547 |  |  | $ | 113,675 |  |  | $ | 11,373 |  |  | $ | 61,456 |  |  | $ | 89,536 |  |  | $ | 7,965 |
|  |  |  |  | For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  |  |  |  | 2025 |  |  |  |  |  | 2024
|  |  |  |  | Average recorded investment |  | Interest income recognized |  |  |  |  |  | Average recorded investment |  | Interest income recognized
|  |  |  |  | (dollars in thousands)
With no related specific allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other |  |  |  |  | $ | 9,795 |  |  | $ | 89 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 5,720 |  |  | $ | 10 |
Time and demand |  |  |  |  | 8,896 |  |  | 89 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,673 |  |  | 10 |
Equipment finance |  |  |  |  | 899 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,047 |  |  | — |
Time and demand other |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Real estate construction |  |  |  |  | 2,156 |  |  | 106 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,424 |  |  | — |
Construction other |  |  |  |  | 1,801 |  |  | 106 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,424 |  |  | — |
Construction residential |  |  |  |  | 355 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Residential real estate |  |  |  |  | 9,619 |  |  | 88 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8,223 |  |  | 117 |
Residential first lien |  |  |  |  | 6,763 |  |  | 75 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,946 |  |  | 114 |
Residential junior lien/home equity |  |  |  |  | 2,856 |  |  | 13 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3,277 |  |  | 3 |
Commercial real estate |  |  |  |  | 21,696 |  |  | 252 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8,951 |  |  | 62 |
Multifamily |  |  |  |  | 331 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 38 |  |  | — |
Non-owner occupied |  |  |  |  | 13,947 |  |  | 188 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6,177 |  |  | 20 |
Owner occupied |  |  |  |  | 7,418 |  |  | 64 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,736 |  |  | 42 |
Loans to individuals |  |  |  |  | 183 |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 136 |  |  | 5 |
Automobile and recreational vehicles |  |  |  |  | 156 |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 134 |  |  | 5 |
Consumer other |  |  |  |  | 27 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |
Subtotal |  |  |  |  | 43,449 |  |  | 537 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 27,454 |  |  | 194 |
With a specific allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other |  |  |  |  | 24,223 |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5,128 |  |  | 37 |
Time and demand |  |  |  |  | 24,223 |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5,083 |  |  | 37 |
Equipment finance |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 45 |  |  | — |
Time and demand other |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Real estate construction |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Construction other |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Construction residential |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Residential real estate |  |  |  |  | 2,777 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,283 |  |  | — |
Residential first lien |  |  |  |  | 1,181 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 33 |  |  | — |
Residential junior lien/home equity |  |  |  |  | 1,596 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,250 |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate |  |  |  |  | 6,639 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 15,034 |  |  | 233 |
Multifamily |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Non-owner occupied |  |  |  |  | 2,656 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12,979 |  |  | — |
Owner occupied |  |  |  |  | 3,983 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,055 |  |  | 233 |
Loans to individuals |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Automobile and recreational vehicles |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer other |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Subtotal |  |  |  |  | 33,639 |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 21,445 |  |  | 270 |
Total |  |  |  |  | $ | 77,088 |  |  | $ | 539 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 48,899 |  |  | $ | 464 |
|  |  |  |  | For the Three Months Ended September 30,
|  |  |  |  | 2025 |  |  |  |  | 2024
|  |  |  |  | Average recorded investment |  | Interest income recognized |  |  |  |  |  | Average recorded investment |  | Interest Income Recognized
|  |  |  |  | (dollars in thousands)
With no related specific allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other |  |  |  |  | $ | 9,452 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 5,252 |  |  | $ | 10 |
Time and demand |  |  |  |  | 8,450 |  |  | 10 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3,770 |  |  | 10 |
Equipment finance |  |  |  |  | 1,002 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,482 |  |  | — |
Time and demand other |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Real estate construction |  |  |  |  | 2,570 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5,834 |  |  | — |
Construction other |  |  |  |  | 1,861 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5,834 |  |  | — |
Construction residential |  |  |  |  | 709 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Residential real estate |  |  |  |  | 9,574 |  |  | 46 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8,781 |  |  | 4 |
Residential first lien |  |  |  |  | 6,687 |  |  | 46 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5,420 |  |  | 4 |
Residential junior lien/home equity |  |  |  |  | 2,887 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3,361 |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate |  |  |  |  | 21,510 |  |  | 24 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 10,089 |  |  | 17 |
Multifamily |  |  |  |  | 640 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 14 |  |  | — |
Non-owner occupied |  |  |  |  | 13,122 |  |  | 4 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7,593 |  |  | 17 |
Owner occupied |  |  |  |  | 7,748 |  |  | 20 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,482 |  |  | — |
Loans to individuals |  |  |  |  | 25 |  |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 121 |  |  | 2 |
Automobile and recreational vehicles |  |  |  |  | 23 |  |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 119 |  |  | 2 |
Consumer other |  |  |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |
Subtotal |  |  |  |  | 43,131 |  |  | 81 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 30,077 |  |  | 33 |
With a specific allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other |  |  |  |  | 37,510 |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7,816 |  |  | 28 |
Time and demand |  |  |  |  | 37,510 |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7,679 |  |  | 28 |
Equipment finance |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 137 |  |  | — |
Time and demand other |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Real estate construction |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Construction other |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Construction residential |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Residential real estate |  |  |  |  | 2,840 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,351 |  |  | — |
Residential first lien |  |  |  |  | 1,249 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 98 |  |  | — |
Residential junior lien/home equity |  |  |  |  | 1,591 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,253 |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate |  |  |  |  | 8,270 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 24,633 |  |  | 233 |
Multifamily |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Non-owner occupied |  |  |  |  | 2,656 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 20,406 |  |  | — |
Owner occupied |  |  |  |  | 5,614 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,227 |  |  | 233 |
Loans to individuals |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Automobile and recreational vehicles |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer other |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Subtotal |  |  |  |  | 48,620 |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 33,800 |  |  | 261 |
Total |  |  |  |  | $ | 91,751 |  |  | $ | 83 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 63,877 |  |  | $ | 294 |
Unfunded commitments related to nonperforming loans were $7.5 million and $0.3 million at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. After consideration of the requirements to draw and available collateral related to these commitments, it was determined that no reserve was required for these commitments at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Loan Modifications Made to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty In accordance with ASU 2022-02, Financial Instruments Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures ("ASU 2022-02"), modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty may include interest rate reductions, principal forgiveness, other-than-insignificant payment delay, term extensions or any combination thereof. When calculating the allowance for credit losses, these modifications are included in their respective loan segment and an allowance is determined by a loss given default and probability of default methodology. The following tables present the amortized cost basis of loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty:
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
| Rate Reduction |  | Term Extension |  | Payment Deferral |  | Term Extension and Payment Deferral |  | Rate Reduction, Term Extension and Payment Deferral |  | Rate Reduction and Payment Deferral |  | Total |  | Percentage of Total Loans and Leases
| (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 16,015 |  |  | $ | 309 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 16,324 |  |  | 0.81 | %
Time and demand | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16,015 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16,015 |  |  | 1.28 |
Equipment finance | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 309 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 309 |  |  | 0.05 |
Residential real estate | — |  |  | — |  |  | 25 |  |  | 1,059 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,084 |  |  | 0.05 |
Residential first lien | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,038 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,038 |  |  | 0.06 |
Residential junior lien/home equity | — |  |  | — |  |  | 25 |  |  | 21 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 46 |  |  | 0.01 |
Commercial real estate | — |  |  | 6,207 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,201 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,408 |  |  | 0.28 |
Non-owner occupied | — |  |  | 6,207 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,201 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,408 |  |  | 0.48 |
Total | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,207 |  |  | $ | 16,040 |  |  | $ | 1,368 |  |  | $ | 3,201 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 26,816 |  |  | 0.28 | %
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
| Rate Reduction |  | Term Extension |  | Payment Deferral |  | Term Extension and Payment Deferral |  | Rate Reduction, Term Extension and Payment Deferral |  | Rate Reduction and Payment Deferral |  | Total |  | Percentage of Total Loans and Leases
| (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other | $ | 254 |  |  | $ | 5,995 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 898 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 100 |  |  | $ | 7,247 |  |  | 0.44 | %
Time and demand | 254 |  |  | 5,995 |  |  | — |  |  | 834 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,083 |  |  | 0.62 |
Equipment finance | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 64 |  |  | — |  |  | 100 |  |  | 164 |  |  | 0.04 |
Residential real estate | — |  |  | 160 |  |  | — |  |  | 509 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 669 |  |  | 0.03 |
Residential first lien | — |  |  | 160 |  |  | — |  |  | 482 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 642 |  |  | 0.04 |
Residential junior lien/home equity | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 27 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 27 |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,674 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,674 |  |  | 0.32 |
Owner occupied | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,674 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,674 |  |  | 1.33 |
Loans to individuals | — |  |  | 11 |  |  | — |  |  | 9 |  |  | 12 |  |  | — |  |  | 32 |  |  | — |
Automobile and recreational vehicles | — |  |  | 11 |  |  | — |  |  | 9 |  |  | 12 |  |  | — |  |  | 32 |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 254 |  |  | $ | 6,166 |  |  | $ | 9,674 |  |  | $ | 1,416 |  |  | $ | 12 |  |  | $ | 100 |  |  | $ | 17,622 |  |  | 0.20 | %
A modification is considered to be in default when the loan is 90 days or more past due. The following table shows modifications considered to be in default.
| September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
| Number of Contracts |  | Balance |  | Number of Contracts |  | Balance
| (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other | 2 |  |  | $ | 16,196 |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |
Time and demand | 1 |  |  | 16,015 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Equipment finance | 1 |  |  | 181 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Residential real estate | 1 |  |  | 290 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 179 |
Residential first lien | 1 |  |  | 290 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 179 |
Total loans and leases | 3 |  |  | $ | 16,486 |  |  | 2 |  |  | $ | 179 |
The following table shows the payment status of loans that have been modified in the last twelve months prior to the date presented:
| September 30, 2025
| Current |  | 30 - 59 days past due |  | 60 - 89 days past due |  | 90 days or greater |  | Total
| (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other | $ | 128 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 16,196 |  |  | $ | 16,324 |
Time and demand | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16,015 |  |  | 16,015 |
Equipment finance | 128 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 181 |  |  | 309 |
Real estate construction | 176 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 176 |
Construction other | 176 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 176 |
Residential real estate | 1,034 |  |  | 286 |  |  | — |  |  | 290 |  |  | 1,610 |
Residential first lien | 852 |  |  | 286 |  |  | — |  |  | 290 |  |  | 1,428 |
Residential junior lien/home equity | 182 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 182 |
Commercial real estate | 9,408 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,408 |
Non-owner occupied | 9,408 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,408 |
Total loans and leases | $ | 10,746 |  |  | $ | 286 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 16,486 |  |  | $ | 27,518 |
| December 31, 2024
| Current |  | 30 - 59 days past due |  | 60 - 89 days past due |  | 90 days or greater |  | Total
| (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other | $ | 3,871 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,871 |
Time and demand | 3,871 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,871 |
Real estate construction | 180 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 180 |
Construction other | 180 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 180 |
Residential real estate | 1,455 |  |  | 88 |  |  | 99 |  |  | 179 |  |  | 1,821 |
Residential first lien | 1,258 |  |  | 88 |  |  | 99 |  |  | 179 |  |  | 1,624 |
Residential junior lien/home equity | 197 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 197 |
Commercial real estate | 9,796 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,796 |
Non-owner occupied | 123 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 123 |
Owner occupied | 9,673 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,673 |
Loans to individuals | 30 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 30 |
Automobile and recreational vehicles | 30 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 30 |
Total loans and leases | $ | 15,332 |  |  | $ | 88 |  |  | $ | 99 |  |  | $ | 179 |  |  | $ | 15,698 |
The following tables provide detail related to the allowance for credit losses:
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
| Beginning balance |  |  |  | Day 1 Allowance for credit loss on PCD acquired loans |  | Charge-offs |  | Recoveries |  | Provision (credit)a |  | Ending balance
| (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other | $ | 29,131 |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,616 |  |  | $ | (12,840) |  |  | $ | 4,858 |  |  | $ | 17,532 |  |  | $ | 40,297 |
Time and demand | 19,433 |  |  |  |  | 1,616 |  |  | (9,871) |  |  | 4,102 |  |  | 10,491 |  |  | 25,771 |
Commercial credit cards | 182 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (183) |  |  | 25 |  |  | 249 |  |  | 273 |
Equipment finance | 7,844 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (1,635) |  |  | 550 |  |  | 5,991 |  |  | 12,750 |
Time and demand other | 1,672 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (1,151) |  |  | 181 |  |  | 801 |  |  | 1,503 |
Real estate construction | 6,030 |  |  |  |  | 810 |  |  | (829) |  |  | — |  |  | 1,885 |  |  | 7,896 |
Construction other | 5,916 |  |  |  |  | 182 |  |  | (267) |  |  | — |  |  | 1,457 |  |  | 7,288 |
Construction residential | 114 |  |  |  |  | 628 |  |  | (562) |  |  | — |  |  | 428 |  |  | 608 |
Residential real estate | 22,396 |  |  |  |  | 45 |  |  | (351) |  |  | 202 |  |  | (856) |  |  | 21,436 |
Residential first lien | 15,758 |  |  |  |  | 38 |  |  | (221) |  |  | 55 |  |  | (823) |  |  | 14,807 |
Residential junior lien/home equity | 6,638 |  |  |  |  | 7 |  |  | (130) |  |  | 147 |  |  | (33) |  |  | 6,629 |
Commercial real estate | 40,232 |  |  |  |  | 1,087 |  |  | (5,137) |  |  | 205 |  |  | 5,872 |  |  | 42,259 |
Multifamily | 5,431 |  |  |  |  | 120 |  |  | (461) |  |  | — |  |  | 1,099 |  |  | 6,189 |
Non-owner occupied | 23,332 |  |  |  |  | 943 |  |  | (3,463) |  |  | 142 |  |  | 4,610 |  |  | 25,564 |
Owner occupied | 11,469 |  |  |  |  | 24 |  |  | (1,213) |  |  | 63 |  |  | 163 |  |  | 10,506 |
Loans to individuals | 21,117 |  |  |  |  | 2 |  |  | (6,856) |  |  | 2,645 |  |  | 809 |  |  | 17,717 |
Automobile and recreational vehicles | 18,693 |  |  |  |  | 1 |  |  | (5,293) |  |  | 2,296 |  |  | (988) |  |  | 14,709 |
Consumer credit cards | 341 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (253) |  |  | 65 |  |  | 321 |  |  | 474 |
Consumer other | 2,083 |  |  |  |  | 1 |  |  | (1,310) |  |  | 284 |  |  | 1,476 |  |  | 2,534 |
Total loans and leases | $ | 118,906 |  |  |  |  | $ | 3,560 |  |  | $ | (26,013) |  |  | $ | 7,910 |  |  | $ | 25,242 |  |  | $ | 129,605 |
a) The provision expense (credit) shown here includes the day 1 provision on non-PCD loans acquired from Center and excludes the provision for off-balance sheet credit exposure included in the income statement.
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
| Beginning balance |  |  |  | Charge-offs |  | Recoveries |  | Provision (credit)a |  | Ending balance
| (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other | $ | 27,996 |  |  |  |  | $ | (11,230) |  |  | $ | 633 |  |  | $ | 13,304 |  |  | $ | 30,703 |
Time and demand | 22,819 |  |  |  |  | (8,161) |  |  | 405 |  |  | 7,483 |  |  | 22,546 |
Commercial credit cards | 278 |  |  |  |  | (183) |  |  | 5 |  |  | 137 |  |  | 237 |
Equipment finance | 3,399 |  |  |  |  | (1,235) |  |  | 72 |  |  | 4,294 |  |  | 6,530 |
Time and demand other | 1,500 |  |  |  |  | (1,651) |  |  | 151 |  |  | 1,390 |  |  | 1,390 |
Real estate construction | 7,418 |  |  |  |  | (35) |  |  | 6 |  |  | (1,209) |  |  | 6,180 |
Construction other | 6,448 |  |  |  |  | (35) |  |  | 6 |  |  | (527) |  |  | 5,892 |
Construction residential | 970 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (682) |  |  | 288 |
Residential real estate | 23,901 |  |  |  |  | (361) |  |  | 221 |  |  | (1,122) |  |  | 22,639 |
Residential first lien | 16,975 |  |  |  |  | (137) |  |  | 150 |  |  | (985) |  |  | 16,003 |
Residential junior lien/home equity | 6,926 |  |  |  |  | (224) |  |  | 71 |  |  | (137) |  |  | 6,636 |
Commercial real estate | 37,071 |  |  |  |  | (2,047) |  |  | 166 |  |  | 9,492 |  |  | 44,682 |
Multifamily | 5,233 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (178) |  |  | 5,055 |
Non-owner occupied | 19,995 |  |  |  |  | (507) |  |  | 53 |  |  | 8,405 |  |  | 27,946 |
Owner occupied | 11,843 |  |  |  |  | (1,540) |  |  | 113 |  |  | 1,265 |  |  | 11,681 |
Loans to individuals | 21,332 |  |  |  |  | (7,148) |  |  | 2,306 |  |  | 5,418 |  |  | 21,908 |
Automobile and recreational vehicles | 19,142 |  |  |  |  | (5,552) |  |  | 1,937 |  |  | 4,065 |  |  | 19,592 |
Consumer credit cards | 372 |  |  |  |  | (348) |  |  | 78 |  |  | 238 |  |  | 340 |
Consumer other | 1,818 |  |  |  |  | (1,248) |  |  | 291 |  |  | 1,115 |  |  | 1,976 |
Total loans and leases | $ | 117,718 |  |  |  |  | $ | (20,821) |  |  | $ | 3,332 |  |  | $ | 25,883 |  |  | $ | 126,112 |
a) The provision expense (credit) shown here excludes the provision for off-balance sheet credit exposure included in the income statement.
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2025
| Beginning balance |  | Day 1 Allowance for credit loss on PCD acquired loans |  | Charge-offs |  | Recoveries |  | Provision (credit)a |  | Ending balance
| (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other | $ | 38,552 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (7,418) |  |  | $ | 491 |  |  | $ | 8,672 |  |  | $ | 40,297 |
Time and demand | 26,467 |  |  | — |  |  | (6,532) |  |  | 300 |  |  | 5,536 |  |  | 25,771 |
Commercial credit cards | 213 |  |  | — |  |  | (59) |  |  | 3 |  |  | 116 |  |  | 273 |
Equipment finance | 9,387 |  |  | — |  |  | (509) |  |  | 128 |  |  | 3,744 |  |  | 12,750 |
Time and demand other | 2,485 |  |  | — |  |  | (318) |  |  | 60 |  |  | (724) |  |  | 1,503 |
Real estate construction | 7,536 |  |  | (294) |  |  | (829) |  |  | — |  |  | 1,483 |  |  | 7,896 |
Construction other | 6,518 |  |  | (188) |  |  | (267) |  |  | — |  |  | 1,225 |  |  | 7,288 |
Construction residential | 1,018 |  |  | (106) |  |  | (562) |  |  | — |  |  | 258 |  |  | 608 |
Residential real estate | 23,768 |  |  | (262) |  |  | (125) |  |  | 19 |  |  | (1,964) |  |  | 21,436 |
Residential first lien | 16,672 |  |  | (262) |  |  | (113) |  |  | 13 |  |  | (1,503) |  |  | 14,807 |
Residential junior lien/home equity | 7,096 |  |  | — |  |  | (12) |  |  | 6 |  |  | (461) |  |  | 6,629 |
Commercial real estate | 40,846 |  |  | — |  |  | (3,049) |  |  | 38 |  |  | 4,424 |  |  | 42,259 |
Multifamily | 5,439 |  |  | — |  |  | (461) |  |  | — |  |  | 1,211 |  |  | 6,189 |
Non-owner occupied | 22,906 |  |  | — |  |  | (2,588) |  |  | 27 |  |  | 5,219 |  |  | 25,564 |
Owner occupied | 12,501 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11 |  |  | (2,006) |  |  | 10,506 |
Loans to individuals | 22,264 |  |  | — |  |  | (2,156) |  |  | 782 |  |  | (3,173) |  |  | 17,717 |
Automobile and recreational vehicles | 20,183 |  |  | — |  |  | (1,743) |  |  | 668 |  |  | (4,399) |  |  | 14,709 |
Consumer credit cards | 338 |  |  | — |  |  | (84) |  |  | 17 |  |  | 203 |  |  | 474 |
Consumer other | 1,743 |  |  | — |  |  | (329) |  |  | 97 |  |  | 1,023 |  |  | 2,534 |
Total loans and leases | $ | 132,966 |  |  | $ | (556) |  |  | $ | (13,577) |  |  | $ | 1,330 |  |  | $ | 9,442 |  |  | $ | 129,605 |
a) The provision expense (credit) shown here excludes the provision for off-balance sheet credit exposure included in the income statement.
| For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
| Beginning balance |  |  |  | Charge-offs |  | Recoveries |  | Provision (credit)a |  | Ending balance
| (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other | $ | 30,608 |  |  |  |  | $ | (5,980) |  |  | $ | 110 |  |  | $ | 5,965 |  |  | $ | 30,703 |
Time and demand | 23,589 |  |  |  |  | (4,784) |  |  | 11 |  |  | 3,730 |  |  | 22,546 |
Commercial credit cards | 244 |  |  |  |  | (81) |  |  | 5 |  |  | 69 |  |  | 237 |
Equipment finance | 5,292 |  |  |  |  | (521) |  |  | 36 |  |  | 1,723 |  |  | 6,530 |
Time and demand other | 1,483 |  |  |  |  | (594) |  |  | 58 |  |  | 443 |  |  | 1,390 |
Real estate construction | 6,389 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (209) |  |  | 6,180 |
Construction other | 6,017 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (125) |  |  | 5,892 |
Construction residential | 372 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (84) |  |  | 288 |
Residential real estate | 22,173 |  |  |  |  | (106) |  |  | 51 |  |  | 521 |  |  | 22,639 |
Residential first lien | 15,745 |  |  |  |  | (28) |  |  | 37 |  |  | 249 |  |  | 16,003 |
Residential junior lien/home equity | 6,428 |  |  |  |  | (78) |  |  | 14 |  |  | 272 |  |  | 6,636 |
Commercial real estate | 42,544 |  |  |  |  | (1,423) |  |  | 42 |  |  | 3,519 |  |  | 44,682 |
Multifamily | 5,206 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (151) |  |  | 5,055 |
Non-owner occupied | 25,036 |  |  |  |  | (37) |  |  | 5 |  |  | 2,942 |  |  | 27,946 |
Owner occupied | 12,302 |  |  |  |  | (1,386) |  |  | 37 |  |  | 728 |  |  | 11,681 |
Loans to individuals | 21,940 |  |  |  |  | (2,280) |  |  | 801 |  |  | 1,447 |  |  | 21,908 |
Automobile and recreational vehicles | 19,676 |  |  |  |  | (1,827) |  |  | 676 |  |  | 1,067 |  |  | 19,592 |
Consumer credit cards | 346 |  |  |  |  | (120) |  |  | 33 |  |  | 81 |  |  | 340 |
Consumer other | 1,918 |  |  |  |  | (333) |  |  | 92 |  |  | 299 |  |  | 1,976 |
Total loans and leases | $ | 123,654 |  |  |  |  | $ | (9,789) |  |  | $ | 1,004 |  |  | $ | 11,243 |  |  | $ | 126,112 |
a) The provision expense (credit) shown here excludes the provision for off-balance sheet credit exposure included in the income statement.
Recorded Investment and Unpaid Principal Balance for Impaired Loans with Associated Allowance | The following tables include the recorded investment and unpaid principal balance for nonperforming loans with the associated allowance amount, if applicable, as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Also presented are the average recorded investment in nonperforming loans and the related amount of interest recognized while the loan was considered nonperforming. Average balances are calculated using month-end balances of the loans for the period reported and are included in the table below based on their period-end allowance position.
| September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
| Recorded investment |  | Unpaid principal balance |  | Related specific allowance |  | Recorded investment |  | Unpaid principal balance |  | Related specific allowance
| (dollars in thousands)
With no related specific allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other | $ | 8,707 |  |  | $ | 17,266 |  |  |  |  | $ | 5,619 |  |  | $ | 21,745 |  |  |
Time and demand | 7,859 |  |  | 16,418 |  |  |  |  | 4,813 |  |  | 20,939 |  |  |
Equipment finance | 848 |  |  | 848 |  |  |  |  | 806 |  |  | 806 |  |  |
Time and demand other | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |
Real estate construction | 1,511 |  |  | 1,511 |  |  |  |  | 2,529 |  |  | 2,581 |  |  |
Construction other | 1,511 |  |  | 1,511 |  |  |  |  | 2,529 |  |  | 2,581 |  |  |
Construction residential | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |
Residential real estate | 9,525 |  |  | 11,122 |  |  |  |  | 8,875 |  |  | 10,524 |  |  |
Residential first lien | 6,626 |  |  | 7,565 |  |  |  |  | 6,020 |  |  | 6,993 |  |  |
Residential junior lien/home equity | 2,899 |  |  | 3,557 |  |  |  |  | 2,855 |  |  | 3,531 |  |  |
Commercial real estate | 18,699 |  |  | 25,398 |  |  |  |  | 18,346 |  |  | 24,047 |  |  |
Multifamily | 19 |  |  | 21 |  |  |  |  | 20 |  |  | 21 |  |  |
Non-owner occupied | 10,008 |  |  | 15,171 |  |  |  |  | 16,948 |  |  | 22,372 |  |  |
Owner occupied | 8,672 |  |  | 10,206 |  |  |  |  | 1,378 |  |  | 1,654 |  |  |
Loans to individuals | 19 |  |  | 44 |  |  |  |  | 250 |  |  | 2,237 |  |  |
Automobile and recreational vehicles | 17 |  |  | 28 |  |  |  |  | 147 |  |  | 2,080 |  |  |
Consumer other | 2 |  |  | 16 |  |  |  |  | 103 |  |  | 157 |  |  |
Subtotal | 38,461 |  |  | 55,341 |  |  |  |  | 35,619 |  |  | 61,134 |  |  |
With a specific allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other | 36,031 |  |  | 44,988 |  |  | $ | 10,290 |  |  | 9,368 |  |  | 10,459 |  |  | $ | 4,724 |
Time and demand | 36,031 |  |  | 44,988 |  |  | 10,290 |  |  | 9,368 |  |  | 10,459 |  |  | 4,724 |
Equipment finance | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Time and demand other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Real estate construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Construction other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Construction residential | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Residential real estate | 2,830 |  |  | 3,017 |  |  | 375 |  |  | 2,712 |  |  | 2,885 |  |  | 369 |
Residential first lien | 1,238 |  |  | 1,252 |  |  | 150 |  |  | 1,114 |  |  | 1,113 |  |  | 47 |
Residential junior lien/home equity | 1,592 |  |  | 1,765 |  |  | 225 |  |  | 1,598 |  |  | 1,772 |  |  | 322 |
Commercial real estate | 10,225 |  |  | 10,329 |  |  | 708 |  |  | 13,757 |  |  | 15,058 |  |  | 2,872 |
Multifamily | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Non-owner occupied | 2,656 |  |  | 2,656 |  |  | 195 |  |  | 7,602 |  |  | 8,686 |  |  | 2,093 |
Owner occupied | 7,569 |  |  | 7,673 |  |  | 513 |  |  | 6,155 |  |  | 6,372 |  |  | 779 |
Loans to individuals | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Automobile and recreational vehicles | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Subtotal | 49,086 |  |  | 58,334 |  |  | 11,373 |  |  | 25,837 |  |  | 28,402 |  |  | 7,965 |
Total | $ | 87,547 |  |  | $ | 113,675 |  |  | $ | 11,373 |  |  | $ | 61,456 |  |  | $ | 89,536 |  |  | $ | 7,965 |
|  |  |  |  | For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  |  |  |  | 2025 |  |  |  |  |  | 2024
|  |  |  |  | Average recorded investment |  | Interest income recognized |  |  |  |  |  | Average recorded investment |  | Interest income recognized
|  |  |  |  | (dollars in thousands)
With no related specific allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other |  |  |  |  | $ | 9,795 |  |  | $ | 89 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 5,720 |  |  | $ | 10 |
Time and demand |  |  |  |  | 8,896 |  |  | 89 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,673 |  |  | 10 |
Equipment finance |  |  |  |  | 899 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,047 |  |  | — |
Time and demand other |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Real estate construction |  |  |  |  | 2,156 |  |  | 106 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,424 |  |  | — |
Construction other |  |  |  |  | 1,801 |  |  | 106 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,424 |  |  | — |
Construction residential |  |  |  |  | 355 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Residential real estate |  |  |  |  | 9,619 |  |  | 88 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8,223 |  |  | 117 |
Residential first lien |  |  |  |  | 6,763 |  |  | 75 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,946 |  |  | 114 |
Residential junior lien/home equity |  |  |  |  | 2,856 |  |  | 13 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3,277 |  |  | 3 |
Commercial real estate |  |  |  |  | 21,696 |  |  | 252 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8,951 |  |  | 62 |
Multifamily |  |  |  |  | 331 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 38 |  |  | — |
Non-owner occupied |  |  |  |  | 13,947 |  |  | 188 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6,177 |  |  | 20 |
Owner occupied |  |  |  |  | 7,418 |  |  | 64 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,736 |  |  | 42 |
Loans to individuals |  |  |  |  | 183 |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 136 |  |  | 5 |
Automobile and recreational vehicles |  |  |  |  | 156 |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 134 |  |  | 5 |
Consumer other |  |  |  |  | 27 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |
Subtotal |  |  |  |  | 43,449 |  |  | 537 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 27,454 |  |  | 194 |
With a specific allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other |  |  |  |  | 24,223 |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5,128 |  |  | 37 |
Time and demand |  |  |  |  | 24,223 |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5,083 |  |  | 37 |
Equipment finance |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 45 |  |  | — |
Time and demand other |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Real estate construction |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Construction other |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Construction residential |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Residential real estate |  |  |  |  | 2,777 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,283 |  |  | — |
Residential first lien |  |  |  |  | 1,181 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 33 |  |  | — |
Residential junior lien/home equity |  |  |  |  | 1,596 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,250 |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate |  |  |  |  | 6,639 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 15,034 |  |  | 233 |
Multifamily |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Non-owner occupied |  |  |  |  | 2,656 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12,979 |  |  | — |
Owner occupied |  |  |  |  | 3,983 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,055 |  |  | 233 |
Loans to individuals |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Automobile and recreational vehicles |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer other |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Subtotal |  |  |  |  | 33,639 |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 21,445 |  |  | 270 |
Total |  |  |  |  | $ | 77,088 |  |  | $ | 539 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 48,899 |  |  | $ | 464 |
|  |  |  |  | For the Three Months Ended September 30,
|  |  |  |  | 2025 |  |  |  |  | 2024
|  |  |  |  | Average recorded investment |  | Interest income recognized |  |  |  |  |  | Average recorded investment |  | Interest Income Recognized
|  |  |  |  | (dollars in thousands)
With no related specific allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other |  |  |  |  | $ | 9,452 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 5,252 |  |  | $ | 10 |
Time and demand |  |  |  |  | 8,450 |  |  | 10 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3,770 |  |  | 10 |
Equipment finance |  |  |  |  | 1,002 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,482 |  |  | — |
Time and demand other |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Real estate construction |  |  |  |  | 2,570 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5,834 |  |  | — |
Construction other |  |  |  |  | 1,861 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5,834 |  |  | — |
Construction residential |  |  |  |  | 709 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Residential real estate |  |  |  |  | 9,574 |  |  | 46 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8,781 |  |  | 4 |
Residential first lien |  |  |  |  | 6,687 |  |  | 46 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5,420 |  |  | 4 |
Residential junior lien/home equity |  |  |  |  | 2,887 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3,361 |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate |  |  |  |  | 21,510 |  |  | 24 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 10,089 |  |  | 17 |
Multifamily |  |  |  |  | 640 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 14 |  |  | — |
Non-owner occupied |  |  |  |  | 13,122 |  |  | 4 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7,593 |  |  | 17 |
Owner occupied |  |  |  |  | 7,748 |  |  | 20 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,482 |  |  | — |
Loans to individuals |  |  |  |  | 25 |  |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 121 |  |  | 2 |
Automobile and recreational vehicles |  |  |  |  | 23 |  |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 119 |  |  | 2 |
Consumer other |  |  |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |
Subtotal |  |  |  |  | 43,131 |  |  | 81 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 30,077 |  |  | 33 |
With a specific allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other |  |  |  |  | 37,510 |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7,816 |  |  | 28 |
Time and demand |  |  |  |  | 37,510 |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7,679 |  |  | 28 |
Equipment finance |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 137 |  |  | — |
Time and demand other |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Real estate construction |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Construction other |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Construction residential |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Residential real estate |  |  |  |  | 2,840 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,351 |  |  | — |
Residential first lien |  |  |  |  | 1,249 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 98 |  |  | — |
Residential junior lien/home equity |  |  |  |  | 1,591 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,253 |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate |  |  |  |  | 8,270 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 24,633 |  |  | 233 |
Multifamily |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Non-owner occupied |  |  |  |  | 2,656 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 20,406 |  |  | — |
Owner occupied |  |  |  |  | 5,614 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,227 |  |  | 233 |
Loans to individuals |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Automobile and recreational vehicles |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer other |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Subtotal |  |  |  |  | 48,620 |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 33,800 |  |  | 261 |
Total |  |  |  |  | $ | 91,751 |  |  | $ | 83 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 63,877 |  |  | $ | 294 |

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