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Equity-Based Compensation | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2019
Share-based Compensation [Abstract] |
Equity-Based Compensation | Equity-Based Compensation Stock Option Plan The Company has a stock option plan (the “Plan”) which authorizes the grant of nonqualified Common Stock options to the Company’s directors, officers, advisors, consultants and other personnel of the Company, the Advisor and the Property Manager and their affiliates, subject to the absolute discretion of the board of directors and the applicable limitations of the Plan. The exercise price for all stock options granted under the Plan equal to the closing price of a share of Common Stock on the last trading day preceding the date of grant. A total of 0.5 million shares have been authorized and reserved for issuance under the Plan. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, no stock options were issued under the Plan. Restricted Share Plan The Company’s employee and director incentive restricted share plan (“RSP”) provides the Company with the ability to grant awards of restricted shares of Common Stock (“Restricted Shares”) and RSUs to the Company’s directors, officers and employees, employees of the Advisor and its affiliates, employees of entities that provide services to the Company, directors of the Advisor or of entities that provide services to the Company, certain consultants to the Company and the Advisor and its affiliates or to entities that provide services to the Company. The Company pays independent director compensation as follows: (i) the annual retainer payable to all independent directors is $100,000 per year, (ii) the annual retainer for the non-executive chair is $105,000, (iii) the annual retainer for independent directors serving on the audit committee, compensation committee or nominating and corporate governance committee is $30,000. All annual retainers are payable 50% in the form of cash and 50% in the form of RSUs which vest over a three-year period. In addition, the directors have the option to elect to receive the cash component in the form of RSUs which would vest over a three-year period. Under the RSP, the number of shares of Common Stock available for awards is equal to 10.0% of the Company’s outstanding shares of Common Stock on a fully diluted basis at any time. If any awards granted under the RSP are forfeited for any reason, the number of forfeited shares is again available for purposes of granting awards under the RSP. Restricted Share awards entitle the recipient to receive shares of Common Stock from us under terms that provide for vesting over a specified period of time. Restricted Shares may not, in general, be sold or otherwise transferred until restrictions are removed and the shares have vested. Holders of Restricted Shares receive cash dividends prior to the time that the restrictions on the Restricted Shares have lapsed. Any dividends to holders of Restricted Shares payable in shares of Common Stock are subject to the same restrictions as the underlying Restricted Shares. RSUs represent a contingent right to receive shares of Common Stock at a future settlement date, subject to satisfaction of applicable vesting conditions or other restrictions, as set forth in the RSP and an award agreement evidencing the grant of RSUs. RSUs may not, in general, be sold or otherwise transferred until restrictions are removed and the rights to the shares of Common Stock have vested. Holders of RSUs do not have or receive any voting rights with respect to the RSUs or any shares underlying any award of RSUs, but such holders are generally credited with dividend or other distribution equivalents which are subject to the same vesting conditions or other restrictions as the underlying RSUs and only paid at the time such RSUs are settled in shares of Common Stock. RSU award agreements generally provide for accelerated vesting of all unvested RSUs in connection with a termination without cause from the Company’s board of directors or a change of control and accelerated vesting of the portion of the unvested RSUs scheduled to vest in the year of the recipient’s voluntary resignation from or failure to be re-elected to the Company’s board of directors. The following table reflects the amount of RSUs outstanding as of September 30, 2019:
|  | Number of RSUs |  | Weighted-Average Issue Price
Unvested, December 31, 2018 |  | 46,352 |  |  | $ | 22.04 |
Vested |  | (21,955 | ) |  | 22.56 |
Granted |  | 16,563 |  |  | 18.89 |
Unvested, September 30, 2019 |  | 40,960 |  |  | 20.49 |
The fair value of the RSUs granted is based on the market price of Common Stock as of the grant date, and is expensed over the vesting period. Compensation expense related to RSUs was $0.1 million and $0.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. Compensation expense related to RSUs was $0.1 million and $0.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. Compensation expense is recorded as equity-based compensation in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. As of September 30, 2019, the Company had $0.7 million unrecognized compensation costs related to unvested RSUs granted under the RSP. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.1 years. Multi-Year Outperformance Agreement On July 16, 2018, the Company’s compensation committee approved the 2018 OPP, which was subsequently entered into by the Company and the OP with the Advisor on July 19, 2018. The 2018 OPP was entered into in connection with the conclusion of the performance period under the 2015 OPP on June 2, 2018. Because no performance goals under the 2015 OPP were achieved during the performance period, no LTIP Units issued under the 2015 OPP were earned and all LTIP Units issued under the 2015 OPP were automatically forfeited without the payment of any consideration by the Company or the OP effective as of June 2, 2018. The equity-based compensation expense associated with the awards pursuant to the 2015 OPP was adjusted each reporting period for changes in the estimated market-related performance and expensed over the requisite service period on a graded vesting basis. Under new accounting rules adopted by the Company on January 1, 2019, the total fair value of the LTIP Units of $18.8 million was calculated as of adoption of the new guidance is fixed as of that date and will not be remeasured in subsequent periods unless the 2018 OPP is amended (see Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for a description of new accounting rules related to non-employee equity awards). The value of LTIP Units is being recorded evenly over the requisite service period of approximately 2.8 years from the grant date. In February 2019, the Company entered into an amendment to the 2018 OPP with the Advisor to reflect a change in the peer group resulting from the merger of two members of the peer group, Government Properties Income Trust and Select Income REIT, with Government Properties Income Trust surviving the merger renamed as Office Properties Income Trust. Under the accounting rules, the Company was required to calculate any excess of the new value of LTIP Units awarded pursuant to the 2018 OPP (the “Award LTIP Units”) in accordance with the provisions of the amendment ($29.9 million) over the fair value immediately prior to the amendment ($23.3 million). This excess of approximately $6.6 million is being expensed over the period from February 21, 2019, the date the Company’s compensation committee approved the amendment, through June 2, 2021. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recorded compensation expense related to the 2018 OPP of $2.4 million and $6.7 million, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recorded compensation expense of $1.9 million and $0.8 million, respectively, related to the 2018 OPP and 2015 OPP. LTIP Units/Distributions/Redemption The rights of the Advisor as the holder of the LTIP Units are governed by the terms of the LTIP Units contained in the agreement of limited partnership of the OP. Until an LTIP Unit is earned in accordance with the provisions of the applicable outperformance award agreement, the holder of the LTIP Unit is entitled to distributions on the LTIP Unit equal to 10% of the distributions (other than distributions of sale proceeds) made on an OP Unit. The Company paid $0.4 million and $0.4 million in distributions related to LTIP Units during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, which is included in accumulated deficit in the consolidated statement of changes in equity. Distributions paid with respect to an LTIP Unit will not be subject to forfeiture, even if the LTIP Unit is ultimately forfeited because it is not earned in accordance with the terms of the agreement under which it was issued. After an LTIP Unit is earned, the holder will be entitled to a priority catch-up distribution per earned LTIP Unit equal to the accrued distributions on OP Units during the applicable performance period, less distributions already paid on the LTIP Unit during the performance period. As of the valuation date on the final day of the applicable performance period, the earned LTIP Units will become entitled to the same distributions as OP Units. At the time the Advisor’s capital account with respect to an LTIP Unit is economically equivalent to the average capital account balance of an OP Unit, the LTIP Unit has been earned and it has been vested for 30 days, the Advisor, in its sole discretion, will be entitled to convert the LTIP Unit into an OP Unit in accordance with the limited partnership agreement of the OP. In accordance with, and subject to the terms of, the limited partnership agreement of the OP, OP Units may be redeemed on a one-for-one basis for, at the Company’s election, shares of Common Stock or the cash equivalent thereof. 2018 OPP Based on a maximum award value of $50.0 million and $19.57 (the “Initial Share Price”), the closing price of Common Stock on June 1, 2018, the trading day prior to the effective date of the 2018 OPP, the Advisor was issued a total of 2,554,930 Award LTIP Units pursuant to the 2018 OPP. The Award LTIP Units represent the maximum number of LTIP Units that could be earned by the Advisor based on the Company’s total shareholder return (“TSR”), including both share price appreciation and Common Stock dividends, against the Initial Share Price over a performance period (the “Performance Period”), commencing on June 2, 2018 and ending on the earliest of (i) June 2, 2021, (ii) the effective date of any Change of Control (as defined in the 2018 OPP) and (iii) the effective date of any termination of the Advisor’s service as advisor of the Company. Half of the Award LTIP Units (the “Absolute TSR LTIP Units”) will be eligible to be earned as of the last day of the Performance Period (the “Valuation Date”) if the Company achieves an absolute TSR with respect to threshold, target and maximum performance goals for the Performance Period as follows:
Performance Level (% of Absolute TSR LTIP Units Earned) |  | Absolute TSR |  | Number of Absolute TSR LTIP Units Earned
Below Threshold | — | % |  | Less than | 24 | % |  |  | — |
Threshold | 25 | % |  |  | 24 | % |  |  | 319,366 |
Target | 50 | % |  |  | 30 | % |  |  | 638,733 |
Maximum | 100 | % |  |  | 36 | % | or higher |  | 1,277,465 |
If the Company’s absolute TSR is more than 24% but less than 30%, or more than 30% but less than 36%, the percentage of the Absolute TSR LTIP Units earned will be determined using linear interpolation as between those tiers, respectively. Half of the Award LTIP Units (the “Relative TSR LTIP Units”) will be eligible to be earned as of the Valuation Date if the amount, expressed in terms of basis points (bps), whether positive or negative, by which the Company’s absolute TSR on the Valuation Date exceeds the average TSR of a peer group consisting of Lexington Realty Trust, W.P. Carey Inc. and Office Properties Income Trust as of the Valuation Date as follows:
Performance Level (% of Relative TSR LTIP Units Earned) |  | Relative TSR Excess |  | Number of Absolute TSR LTIP Units Earned
Below Threshold | — | % |  | Less than | -600 |  | basis points |  | — |
Threshold | 25 | % |  |  | -600 |  | basis points |  | 319,366 |
Target | 50 | % |  |  | — |  | basis points |  | 638,733 |
Maximum | 100 | % |  |  | +600 |  | basis points |  | 1,277,465 |
If the relative TSR excess is more than -600 basis points but less than 0 basis points, or more than 0 basis points but less than +600 bps, the percentage of the Relative TSR LTIP Units earned will be determined using linear interpolation as between those tiers, respectively. If the Valuation Date is the effective date of a Change of Control or a termination of the Advisor for any reason (i.e., with or without cause), then calculations relating to the number of Award LTIP Units earned pursuant to the 2018 OPP will be performed based on actual performance as of (and including) the effective date of the Change of Control or termination (as applicable) based on the performance through the last trading day prior to the effective date of the Change of Control or termination (as applicable), with the hurdles for calculating absolute TSR pro-rated to reflect that the Performance Period lasted less than three years but without pro-rating the number of Absolute TSR LTIP Units or Relative TSR LTIP Units the Advisor would be eligible to earn to reflect the shortened period. The award of LTIP Units under the 2018 OPP is administered by the compensation committee of the Company’s board of directors, provided that any of the compensation committee’s powers can be exercised instead by the board if the board so elects. Following the Valuation Date, the compensation committee is responsible for determining the number of Absolute TSR LTIP Units and Relative TSR LTIP Units earned, as calculated by an independent consultant engaged by the compensation committee and as approved by the compensation committee in its reasonable and good faith discretion. The compensation committee also must approve the transfer of any Absolute TSR LTIP Units and Relative TSR LTIP Units (or OP Units into which they may be converted in accordance with the terms of the agreement of limited partnership of the OP). LTIP Units earned as of the Valuation Date will also become vested as of the Valuation Date. Any LTIP Units that are not earned and vested after the Compensation Committee makes the required determination will automatically and without notice be forfeited without the payment of any consideration by the Company or the OP, effective as of the Valuation Date. The rights of the Advisor as the holder of the LTIP Units are governed by the terms of the LTIP Units contained in the agreement of limited partnership of the OP. The agreement of limited partnership of the OP was amended in July 2018 in connection with the execution of the 2018 OPP to reflect the issuance of LTIP Units thereunder and to make certain clarifying and ministerial revisions, but these amendments did not alter the terms of the LTIP Units established in connection with the Company’s entry into the 2015 OPP in June 2015. 2015 OPP In connection with the listing of Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange, on June 2, 2015, the Company entered into the 2015 OPP with the OP and the Advisor. Under the 2015 OPP, the Advisor was issued 3,013,933 LTIP Units in the OP with a maximum award value on the issuance date equal to 5.00% of the Company’s market capitalization (the “OPP Cap”). Because no performance goals under the 2015 OPP were achieved, no LTIP Units issued under the 2015 OPP were earned and all LTIP Units issued under the 2015 OPP were automatically forfeited without the payment of any consideration by the Company or the OP, effective as of June 2, 2018. Under the 2015 OPP, the Advisor was eligible to earn a number of LTIP Units with a value equal to a portion of the OPP Cap upon the first, second and third anniversaries of June 2, 2015, based on the Company’s achievement of certain levels of absolute TSR and the amount by which the Company’s absolute TSR exceeded the average TSR of a peer group for the three-year performance period commencing on June 2, 2015 (the “Three-Year Period”); each 12-month period during the Three-Year Period (the “One-Year Periods”); and the initial 24-month period of the Three-Year Period (the “Two-Year Period”), as follows:
|  |  |  | Performance Period |  | Annual Period |  | Interim Period
Absolute Component: 4% of any excess Total Return attained above an absolute hurdle measured from the beginning of such period: |  | 21% |  | 7% |  | 14%
Relative Component: 4% of any excess Total Return attained above the Total Return for the performance period of the Peer Group*, subject to a ratable sliding scale factor as follows based on achievement of cumulative Total Return measured from the beginning of such period: |  |  |  |  |  |
| • | 100% will be earned if cumulative Total Return achieved is at least: |  | 18% |  | 6% |  | 12%
| • | 50% will be earned if cumulative Total Return achieved is: |  | —% |  | —% |  | —%
| • | 0% will be earned if cumulative Total Return achieved is less than: |  | —% |  | —% |  | —%
| • | a percentage from 50% to 100% calculated by linear interpolation will be earned if the cumulative Total Return achieved is between: |  | 0% - 18% |  | 0% - 6% |  | 0% - 12%
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* | The “Peer Group” was comprised of Gramercy Property Trust Inc., Lexington Realty Trust, Select Income REIT, and W.P. Carey Inc.
The potential outperformance award was calculated at the end of each One-Year Period, the Two-Year Period and the Three-Year Period. The award earned for the Three-Year Period was based on a formula less any awards earned for the Two-Year Period and One-Year Periods, but not less than zero; the award earned for the Two-Year Period was based on a formula less any award earned for the first and second One-Year Period, but not less than zero. Any LTIP Units that were unearned at the end of the Three-Year Period were to be forfeited. One third of any earned LTIP Units were to vest, subject to the Advisor’s continued service through each vesting date, on each of the third, fourth and fifth anniversaries of June 2, 2015. Any earned and vested LTIP Units would have been converted into OP Units in accordance with the terms and conditions of the limited partnership agreement of the OP. The 2015 OPP provided for early calculation of LTIP Units earned and for the accelerated vesting of any earned LTIP Units in the event the Advisor was terminated or in the event the Company incurred a change in control, in either case prior to the end of the Three-Year Period. As of June 2, 2017 (end of the Two-Year Period), June 2, 2016 (end of the first One-Year Period) and June 2, 2018 (end of the Three-Year Period), no LTIP units were earned by the Advisor under the terms of the 2015 OPP. Accordingly, all LTIP Units that had been issued under the 2015 OPP were automatically forfeited without the payment of any consideration by the Company or the OP as of the end of the Three-Year Period. Other Equity-Based Compensation The Company may issue Common Stock in lieu of cash to pay fees earned by the Company’s directors at each director’s election. There are no restrictions on the shares issued since these payments in lieu of cash relate to fees earned for services performed. There were no such shares of Common Stock issued in lieu of cash during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for compensation-related costs for equity-based compensation, which may include disclosure of policies, compensation plan details, allocation of equity compensation, incentive distributions, equity-based arrangements to obtain goods and services, deferred compensation arrangements, employee stock ownership plan details and employee stock purchase plan details. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2228938 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 50 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&trid=2208855 + Details
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