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Related Party Transactions
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2023
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
Related Party Transactions Related Party Transactions
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, AR Global and certain affiliates owned, in the aggregate, 35,900 shares of outstanding Common Stock. The Advisor, which is an affiliate of AR Global, and its affiliates incur, directly or indirectly, costs and fees in performing services for the Company.
As of March 31, 2023 the Company had $0.6 million of receivables from the Advisor or its affiliates. As of December 31, 2022 the Company had $0.5 million of receivables from the Advisor or its affiliates. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had $0.4 million and $1.2 million, respectively, of payables to the Advisor or its affiliates.
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, AR Global indirectly owned all of the membership interests in the Advisor.
The Company is the sole general partner of the OP. There were no OP Units held by anyone other than the Company outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
The Company paid $0.1 million in distributions to the Advisor as the sole holder of LTIP Units during the three months ended March 31, 2023, and the Company paid $0.1 million in distributions to the Advisor as the sole holder of LTIP Units during the three ended March 31, 2022, which are included in accumulated deficit in the consolidated statements of equity. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had no unpaid distributions on the LTIP Units.
Fees Paid in Connection with the Operations of the Company
Under the Fourth Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”), by and among the Company, the OP and the Advisor, the Company pays the Advisor the following fees in cash:
(a)    a base fee of $18.0 million per annum payable in cash monthly in advance (“Minimum Base Management Fee”); and
(b)    a variable fee amount equal to 1.25% per annum of the sum, since the effective date of the Advisory Agreement in June 2015, of: (i) the cumulative net proceeds of all common equity issued by the Company (ii) any equity of the Company issued in exchange for or conversion of preferred stock or exchangeable notes, based on the stock price at the date of issuance; and (iii) any other issuances of common, preferred, or other forms of equity of the Company, including units in an operating partnership (excluding equity based compensation but including issuances related to an acquisition, investment, joint-venture or partnership) (the “Variable Base Management Fee”).
The Company will pay any Advisor any Incentive Compensation (as defined in the Advisory Agreement), generally payable in quarterly installments 50% in cash and 50% in shares of Common Stock (subject to certain lock up restrictions). The Advisor did not earn any Incentive Compensation during the three months ended March 31, 2023 or 2022. After the end of each performance period, the Incentive Compensation is subject to a final adjustment in accordance with the terms of the Advisory Agreement based on the difference, if any, between the amount of Incentive Compensation paid to the Advisor during the year and the amount actually earned by the Advisor at the end of the year. In connection with any adjustments, shares of Common Stock that were issued as a portion of any quarterly installment payment are retained and, for purposes of any repayment required to be made by the Advisor, have the value they had at the time of issuance and are adjusted in respect of any dividend or other distribution received with respect to those shares to allow recoupment of the same.
The Incentive Compensation can be earned by the Advisor based on the Company’s achievement relative to two threshold levels of Core AFFO Per Share:(1) the Incentive Fee Lower Hurdle (as defined in the Advisory Agreement) and the Incentive Fee Upper Hurdle (as defined in the Advisory Agreement).
The Incentive Fee Lower Hurdle is equal to $2.25 per share in the aggregate and $0.5625 per share per quarter, subject to potential annual increases by the Company’s independent directors as described below. The Incentive Fee Upper Hurdle is equal to $2.92 per share in the aggregate and $0.73 per share per quarter, subject to potential annual increases by the Company’s independent directors as described below.

The Company’s independent directors (in their good faith reasonable judgment, after consultation with the Advisor) may increase the thresholds at a percentage equal to between 0% and 3%. In addition, beginning in May 2026, the Advisor has a right to request that the Company’s independent directors reduce the then current Incentive Fee Lower Hurdle and Incentive
Fee Upper Hurdle and make a determination whether any reduction in the annual thresholds is warranted. The Advisor will again have this right in May 2031 and then every five years thereafter.
The annual aggregate amount of the Minimum Base Management Fee and Variable Base Management Fee (collectively, the “Base Management Fee”) that may be paid under the Advisory Agreement are subject to varying caps based on assets under management (“AUM”),(2) as defined in the Advisory Agreement. The amount of the Base Management Fee to be paid under the Advisory Agreement is capped at the AUM for the preceding year multiplied by (a) 0.75% if equal to or less than $3.0 billion; (b) 0.75% less (i) a fraction, (x) the numerator of which is the AUM for such specified period less $3.0 billion and (y) the denominator of which is $11.7 billion multiplied by (ii) 0.35% if AUM is greater than $3.0 billion but less than $14.6 billion; or (c) 0.4% if equal to or greater than $14.7 billion.
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(1)For purposes of the Advisory Agreement, Core AFFO Per Share means for the applicable period (i) net income adjusted for the following items (to the extent they are included in net income): (a) real estate related depreciation and amortization; (b) net income from unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures; (c) one-time costs that the Advisor deems to be non-recurring; (d) non-cash equity compensation (other than any Restricted Share Payments (as defined in the Advisory Agreement)); (e) other non-cash income and expense items; (f) certain non-cash interest expenses related to securities that are convertible to Common Stock; (g) gain (or loss) from the sale of investments; (h) impairment loss on real estate; (i) acquisition and transaction related costs (known as acquisition, transaction and other costs on the face of the Company’s income statement); (j) straight-line rent; (k) amortization of above and below market lease assets and liabilities; (l) amortization of deferred financing costs; (m) accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums on debt investments; (n) marked-to-market adjustments included in net income; (o) unrealized gain (loss) resulting from consolidation from, or deconsolidation to, equity accounting, (p) consolidated and unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures and (q) Incentive Compensation, (ii) divided by the weighted-average outstanding shares of Common Stock on a fully-diluted basis for such period.
(2)For purposes of the Advisory Agreement, AUM means, for a specified period, an amount equal to (A) (i) the aggregate costs of the Company’s investments (including acquisition fees and expenses) at the beginning of such period (before reserves for depreciation of bad debts, or similar non-cash reserves) plus (ii) the aggregate cost of the Company’s investment at the end of such period (before reserves from depreciation or bad debts, or similar non-cash reserves) divided by (B) two (2).
In addition, the per annum aggregate amount of the Base Management Fee and the Incentive Compensation to be paid under the Advisory Agreement is capped at (a) 1.25% of the AUM for the previous year if AUM is less than or equal to $5.0 billion; (b) 0.95% if the AUM is equal to or exceeds $15.0 billion; or (c) a percentage equal to: (A) 1.25% less (B) (i) a fraction, (x) the numerator of which is the AUM for such specified period less $5.0 billion and (y) the denominator of which is $10.0 billion multiplied by (ii) 0.30% if AUM is greater than $5.0 billion but less than $15.0 billion. The Variable Base Management Fee is also subject to reduction if there is a sale or sales of one or more Investments in a single or series of related transactions exceeding $200.0 million and a special dividend(s) related thereto is paid to stockholders.
Under the Advisory Agreement, the Company has also agreed to reimburse, indemnify and hold harmless each of the Advisor and its affiliates, and the directors, officers, employees, partners, members, stockholders, other equity holders, agents and representatives of the Advisor and its affiliates (each, an “Advisor Indemnified Party”), of and from any and all expenses, losses, damages, liabilities, demands, charges and claims of any nature whatsoever (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) in respect of or arising from any acts or omissions of the Advisor Indemnified Party performed in good faith under the Advisory Agreement and not constituting bad faith, willful misconduct, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of duties on the part of the Advisor Indemnified Party. In addition, the Company has agreed to advance funds to an Advisor Indemnified Party for reasonable legal fees and other reasonable costs and expenses incurred as a result of any claim, suit, action or proceeding for which indemnification is being sought, subject to repayment if the Advisor Indemnified Party is later found pursuant to a final and non-appealable order or judgment to not be entitled to indemnification.
Property Management Fees
The Property Manager provides property management and leasing services for properties owned by the Company, for which the Company pays fees to the Property Manager equal to: (i) with respect to stand-alone, single-tenant net leased properties which are not part of a shopping center, 2.0% of gross revenues from the properties managed and (ii) with respect to all other types of properties, 4.0% of gross revenues from the properties managed in each case plus market-based leasing commissions applicable to the geographic location of the applicable property.
For services related to overseeing property management and leasing services provided by any person or entity that is not an affiliate of the Property Manager, the Company pays the Property Manager an oversight fee equal to 1.0% of gross revenues of the property managed. This oversight fee is no longer applicable to 39 of the Company’s properties which became subject to separate property management agreements with the Property Manager in connection with certain mortgage loans entered into by the Company in October 2017, April 2019 and September 2019 (the “Loan Property PMLAs”) on otherwise nearly identical terms to the primary property and management leasing agreement (the “Primary PMLA”), which remains applicable to all other properties.
In February 2019, the Company entered into an amendment to the Primary PMLA with the Property Manager, providing for automatic extensions for an unlimited number of successive one-year terms unless terminated by either party upon notice. Following this amendment, either the Company or the Property Manager may terminate the Primary PMLA at any time upon at least 12 months’ written notice prior to the applicable termination date. This termination notice period does not apply to the Loan Property PMLAs, which may be terminated by either the Company or the Property Manager upon 60 days’ written notice prior to end of the applicable term.
If cash flow generated by any of the Company’s properties is not sufficient to fund the costs and expenses incurred by the Property Manager in fulfilling its duties under the property management and leasing agreements, the Company is required to fund additional amounts. Costs and expenses that are the responsibility of the Company under the property management and leasing agreements include, without limitation, reasonable wages and salaries and other employee-related expenses of all on-site and off-site employees of the Property Manager who are engaged in the operation, management, maintenance and leasing of the properties and other out-of-pocket expenses which are directly related to the operation, management, maintenance and leasing of specific properties, but may not include the Property Manager’s general overhead and administrative expenses.
The Company pays leasing commissions to the Property Manager which are expensed over the terms of the related leases. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company paid $1.4 million of leasing commissions to the Property Manager. During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, $0.2 million and $86,133, respectively, was recorded as an expense in property management fees (see table below).
Professional Fees and Other Reimbursements
The Company reimburses the Advisor or its affiliates for expenses paid or incurred by the Advisor or its affiliates in providing services to the Company under the Advisory Agreement, except for those expenses that are specifically the responsibility of the Advisor under the Advisory Agreement, such as salaries, bonus and other wages, payroll taxes and the cost of employee benefit plans of personnel of the Advisor and its affiliates (including the Company’s executive officers) who provide services to the Company under the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor’s rent and general overhead expenses, the Advisor’s travel expenses (subject to certain exceptions), professional services fees incurred with respect to the Advisor for the operation of its business, insurance expenses (other than with respect to the Company’s directors and officers) and information technology expenses. In addition, these reimbursements are subject to the limitation that the Company will not reimburse the Advisor for any amount by which the Company’s operating expenses (including the asset management fee) at the end of the four preceding fiscal quarters exceeds the greater of (a) 2.0% of average invested assets and (b) 25.0% of net income, unless the excess amount is otherwise approved by the Company’s board of directors. The amount of expenses reimbursable for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 did not exceed these limits.
Fees Paid in Connection with the Liquidation of the Company’s Real Estate Assets
Under the Advisory Agreement, the Company is required to pay to the Advisor a fee in connection with net gain recognized by the Company in connection with the sale or similar transaction of any investment equal to 15% of the amount by which the gains from the sale of investments in the applicable month exceed the losses from the sale of investments in that month unless the proceeds from such transaction or series of transactions are reinvested in one or more investments within 180 days thereafter (the “Gain Fee”). The Gain Fee is calculated at the end of each month and paid, to the extent due, with the next installment of the Base Management Fee. The Gain Fee is calculated by aggregating all of the gains and losses from the preceding month. There was no Gain Fee paid during the three months ended March 31, 2023 or 2022.
The following table reflects related party fees incurred and contractually due as of and for the periods presented:
Three Months Ended March 31,
 20232022
(In thousands)IncurredIncurred
Ongoing fees (1):
  Asset management fees (2)
$8,364 $8,239 
  Property management fees
1,737 1,837 
Total related party operational fees and reimbursements$10,101 $10,076 
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(1)The Company incurred general and administrative costs and other expense reimbursements of approximately $0.3 million and $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, which are recorded within general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations and are not reflected in the table above.
(2)The Advisor, in accordance with the Advisory Agreement, received asset management fees in cash each quarter equal to one quarter of the annual Minimum Base Management Fee of $18.0 million and the Variable Base Management Fee. The Variable Base Management Fee was $3.9 million and $3.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.