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Financial Derivatives - Financial Derivatives (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2016
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract] |
Schedule of Derivative Instruments [Table Text Block] | The following tables summarize information related to Farmer Mac's financial derivatives on a gross basis without giving consideration to master netting arrangements as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 and the effects of financial derivatives on the consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2016,2015, and 2014: Table 6.1
| As of December 31, 2016
|  |  | Fair Value |  | Weighted- Average Pay Rate |  | Weighted- Average Receive Rate |  | Weighted- Average Forward Price |  | Weighted- Average Remaining Life (in years)
| Notional Amount |  | Asset |  | (Liability) |  |  |  |
| (dollars in thousands)
Fair value hedges: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pay fixed non-callable | $ | 1,642,609 |  |  | $ | 18,508 |  |  | $ | (18,909 | ) |  | 1.73% |  | 0.90% |  |  |  | 4.70
Cash flow hedges: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pay fixed non-callable | 207,000 |  |  | 3,706 |  |  | (955 | ) |  | 2.18% |  | 1.11% |  |  |  | 7.28
No hedge designation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pay fixed non-callable | 435,827 |  |  | 339 |  |  | (32,951 | ) |  | 4.06% |  | 0.89% |  |  |  | 5.90
Receive fixed non-callable | 4,991,821 |  |  | 607 |  |  | (5,064 | ) |  | 0.74% |  | 0.75% |  |  |  | 0.60
Receive fixed callable | 30,000 |  |  | — |  |  | (33 | ) |  | 0.82% |  | 0.58% |  |  |  | 0.33
Basis swaps | 765,000 |  |  | 36 |  |  | (243 | ) |  | 0.78% |  | 0.78% |  |  |  | 0.87
Treasury futures | 28,000 |  |  | — |  |  | (155 | ) |  |  |  |  |  | 123.73 |  |  |
Credit valuation adjustment |  |  | (14 | ) |  | 158 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total financial derivatives | $ | 8,100,257 |  |  | $ | 23,182 |  |  | $ | (58,152 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collateral pledged |  |  | — |  |  | 25,643 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net amount |  |  | $ | 23,182 |  |  | $ | (32,509 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| As of December 31, 2015
|  |  | Fair Value |  | Weighted- Average Pay Rate |  | Weighted- Average Receive Rate |  | Weighted- Average Forward Price |  | Weighted- Average Remaining Life (in years)
| Notional Amount |  | Asset |  | (Liability) |  |  |  |
| (dollars in thousands)
Fair value hedges: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pay fixed non-callable | $ | 1,276,285 |  |  | $ | 949 |  |  | $ | (26,703 | ) |  | 2.35% |  | 0.37% |  |  |  | 4.16
Cash flow hedges: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pay fixed non-callable | 119,000 |  |  | 8 |  |  | (1,381 | ) |  | 2.25% |  | 0.64% |  |  |  | 7.03
No hedge designation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pay fixed non-callable | 454,041 |  |  | 229 |  |  | (44,528 | ) |  | 3.73% |  | 0.33% |  |  |  | 6.02
Receive fixed non-callable | 5,590,638 |  |  | 2,384 |  |  | (4,205 | ) |  | 0.31% |  | 0.47% |  |  |  | 0.57
Receive fixed callable | 230,000 |  |  | — |  |  | (421 | ) |  | 0.41% |  | 0.91% |  |  |  | 2.26
Basis swaps | 725,000 |  |  | 232 |  |  | (131 | ) |  | 0.22% |  | 0.38% |  |  |  | 2.33
Treasury futures | 35,000 |  |  | 19 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 125.96 |  |  |
Credit valuation adjustment |  |  | (5 | ) |  | 170 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total financial derivatives | $ | 8,429,964 |  |  | $ | 3,816 |  |  | $ | (77,199 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collateral pledged |  |  | — |  |  | 37,986 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net amount |  |  | $ | 3,816 |  |  | $ | (39,213 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Table Text Block] | Table 6.2
| Gains/(losses) on financial derivatives and hedging activities
| For the Year Ended December 31,
| 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
| (in thousands)
Fair value hedges: |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps(1) | $ | 25,365 |  |  | $ | 5,965 |  |  | $ | (2,729 | )
Hedged items | (20,322 | ) |  | 3,100 |  |  | 14,520 |
Gains on fair value hedges | 5,043 |  |  | 9,065 |  |  | 11,791 |
Cash flow hedges: |  |  |  |  |
Loss recognized (ineffective portion) | (353 | ) |  | (551 | ) |  | (10 | )
Losses on cash flow hedges | (353 | ) |  | (551 | ) |  | (10 | )
No hedge designation: |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps | (1,991 | ) |  | (3,204 | ) |  | (31,101 | )
Agency forwards | (226 | ) |  | (2,440 | ) |  | (1,842 | )
Treasury futures | (162 | ) |  | (339 | ) |  | (484 | )
Losses on financial derivatives not designated in hedging relationships | (2,379 | ) |  | (5,983 | ) |  | (33,427 | )
Gains/(losses) on financial derivatives and hedging activities | $ | 2,311 |  |  | $ | 2,531 |  |  | $ | (21,646 | )
(1) | Included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness as of December 31, 2016, but excluded from the amounts in the table, were losses of $5.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2016, attributable to the fair value of the swaps at the inception of the hedging relationship. Accordingly, the amounts recognized as hedge ineffectiveness for the year ended December 31, 2016 were gains of $0.2 million. The comparable amounts as of December 31, 2015 were losses of $9.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, attributable to the fair value of the swaps at the inception of the hedging relationship and, accordingly, gains of $0.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, attributable to hedge ineffectiveness. The comparable amounts as of December 31, 2014 were losses of $11.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, attributable to the fair value of the swaps at the inception of the hedging relationships and, accordingly, losses of $0.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, attributable to hedge ineffectiveness.

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the location and amount of derivative instruments and nonderivative instruments designated as hedging instruments reported before netting adjustments, and the amount of gain (loss) on derivative instruments and nonderivative instruments designated and qualified as hedging instruments. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4C -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=SL5624171-113959 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4A -Subparagraph (b) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=SL5618551-113959 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of pertinent information about a derivative or group of derivatives on a disaggregated basis, such as for individual instruments, or small groups of similar instruments. May include a combination of the type of instrument, risks being hedged, notional amount, hedge designation, related hedged item, inception date, maturity date, or other relevant item. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 5 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=d3e41641-113959 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4B -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=SL5624163-113959 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 8 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=d3e41678-113959 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=d3e41638-113959 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1B -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=SL5580258-113959 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1A -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=SL5579245-113959 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4C -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=SL5624171-113959 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=SL5579240-113959 Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=d3e41620-113959 Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(n)(2)) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=26873400&loc=d3e23780-122690 + Details
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