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Accounting Policies - Cash and Cash Equivalents and Statements of Cash Flows (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended |  |
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Dec. 31, 2015 | Sep. 30, 2015 | Jun. 30, 2015 | Mar. 31, 2015 | Dec. 31, 2014 | Mar. 31, 2014 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | Dec. 31, 2014 | Oct. 01, 2016 | Jan. 02, 2014
Other Significant Noncash Transactions [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Transfer of USDA Guaranteed Securities- Available-for-sale to Held-to-maturity; Unrealized holding gains |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 73,100 |
Transfer of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities - Available-for-sale to Held-to-maturity; Unrealized holding gains |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 700 | $ 22,300
Transfer of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Guaranteed Securities - Available-for-sale to Held-to-maturity; Unrealized holding gains |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 73,800 |
Interest Paid |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 110,609 | $ 108,254 | $ 171,644 |  |  |
Income Taxes Paid |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 29,500 | 31,000 | 12,750 |  |  |
Non-cash activity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from sale of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 609,347 | 336,913 | 175,754 |  |  |
Consolidation of Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities from off-balance sheet to loans held for investment in consolidated trusts and to debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 511,393 | 336,913 | 199,906 |  |  |
Purchases of securities - traded, not yet settled |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0 | 20,000 | 70,178 |  |  |
Issuance Costs on the retirement of Farmer Mac II LLC Preferred Stock |  | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 8,147 |  |  | 0 | 8,147 | 0 |  |  |
Unsettled Class C Common Stock Repurchases |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0 | 197 | 0 |  |  |
Institutional Credit [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-cash activity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Issuance Costs on the retirement of Farmer Mac II LLC Preferred Stock |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0 |  |  |  |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other Significant Noncash Transactions [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Transfers out of Level 3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,013,151 |  | 1,632,786 |  |  |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | USDA Securities [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other Significant Noncash Transactions [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Transfers out of Level 3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,980,327 |  | 0 |  |  |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Available-for-sale Securities [Member] | USDA Securities [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other Significant Noncash Transactions [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Transfers out of Level 3 | [1] |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,980,327 | 0 | 0 |  |  |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Available-for-sale Securities [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other Significant Noncash Transactions [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Transfers out of Level 3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 32,824 | $ 0 | 1,632,786 |  |  |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Institutional Credit [Member] | Available-for-sale Securities [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other Significant Noncash Transactions [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Transfers out of Level 3 |  |  |  |  |  | $ 0 | $ 1,600,000 | 0 |  | $ 1,632,786 | [2] |  |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] | Available-for-sale Securities [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other Significant Noncash Transactions [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Transfers out of Level 3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 32,800 |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | USDA Guarantee [Member] | Available-for-sale Securities [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other Significant Noncash Transactions [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Transfers out of Level 3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 2,000,000 |  |  |  |  |
[1] | Includes $32.8 million of Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities and $2.0 billion of USDA Securities transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity on October 1, 2016.
[2] | Includes $1.6 billion of AgVantage securities transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity on January 1, 2014 and $20.7 million of AgVantage securities purchased during 2014 transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity.

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