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Income Taxes - Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit) [Table Text Block] | Farmer Mac is subject to federal income taxes but is exempt from state and local income taxes. The components of the federal income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014 were as follows: Table 10.1
| For the Year Ended December 31,
| 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
| (in thousands)
Current income tax expense | $ | 37,954 |  |  | $ | 30,247 |  |  | $ | 9,803 |
Deferred income tax (benefit)/expense | 4,103 |  |  | 3,992 |  |  | (6,979 | )
Income tax expense | $ | 42,057 |  |  | $ | 34,239 |  |  | $ | 2,824 |
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation [Table Text Block] | A reconciliation of tax at the statutory federal tax rate to the income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014 is as follows: Table 10.2
| For the Year Ended December 31,
| 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
| (dollars in thousands)
Tax expense at statutory rate | $ | 41,775 |  |  | $ | 37,827 |  |  | $ | 25,587 |
Non-taxable dividend income | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,587 | )
Income from non-controlling interest | — |  |  | (1,874 | ) |  | (7,766 | )
Loss on retirement of preferred stock | — |  |  | (1,901 | ) |  | — |
Valuation allowance | 21 |  |  | 33 |  |  | (13,542 | )
Other | 261 |  |  | 154 |  |  | 132 |
Income tax expense | $ | 42,057 |  |  | $ | 34,239 |  |  | $ | 2,824 |
Statutory tax rate | 35.0 | % |  | 35.0 | % |  | 35.0 | %
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities [Table Text Block] | The components of the deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 were as follows: Table 10.3
| As of December 31,
| 2016 |  | 2015
| (in thousands)
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |
Basis differences related to financial derivatives | $ | 15,917 |  |  | $ | 28,395 |
Basis differences related to hedged items | 9,307 |  |  | 2,866 |
Unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities | — |  |  | 5,660 |
Allowance for losses | 2,602 |  |  | 2,297 |
Stock-based compensation | 1,648 |  |  | 2,833 |
Capital loss carryforwards and other than temporary impairment | 56 |  |  | 2,099 |
Valuation allowance | (56 | ) |  | (2,099 | )
Other | 1,247 |  |  | 1,444 |
Total deferred tax assets | 30,721 |  |  | 43,495 |
Deferred tax liability: |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities | 16,889 |  |  | — |
Basis difference in subsidiary | 23 |  |  | 300 |
Other | 1,518 |  |  | 279 |
Total deferred tax liability | 18,430 |  |  | 579 |
Net deferred tax asset | $ | 12,291 |  |  | $ | 42,916 |
Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits Roll Forward [Table Text Block] | The following table presents the changes in unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014: Table 10.4
| For the Year Ended December 31,
| 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
| (in thousands)
Beginning balance | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,148 |
Decreases based on tax positions related to prior years | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,148 | )
Increases based on tax positions related to current year | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Ending balance | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
The resolution of the unrecognized tax benefits presented above represented temporary differences and, therefore, would not result in a change to Farmer Mac's effective tax rate. Farmer Mac does not expect to be subject to, and has not recorded tax penalties. During 2014, the IRS examined Farmer Mac's uncertain tax positions reported in its 2011 tax return; as a result of the examination, Farmer Mac concluded it does not currently have any uncertain tax positions. Tax years 2014 through 2016 remain subject to examination.

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 9 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=65882285&loc=d3e32639-109319 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the components of net deferred tax asset or liability recognized in an entity's statement of financial position, including the following: the total of all deferred tax liabilities, the total of all deferred tax assets, the total valuation allowance recognized for deferred tax assets. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=65882285&loc=d3e32537-109319 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation using percentage or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=65882285&loc=d3e32687-109319 + Details
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