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Loans and Allowance for Losses and Concentrations of Credit Risk - Loan (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Sep. 30, 2017 | Jun. 30, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Sep. 30, 2016 | Jun. 30, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans and Leases Receivable, Gross |  | $ 3,804,966 |  | $ 3,379,884 |  |  |
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses, Real Estate |  | 6,408 |  | 5,415 |  |  |
Loans and Leases Receivable, Net Amount |  | 5,127,770 |  | 4,507,435 |  |  |
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Losses |  | 8,488 | $ 8,104 | 7,435 | $ 6,923 | $ 7,084 | $ 6,563
Real Estate Loan [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans and Lease Receivable Unpaid Principal Balance | [1] | 5,135,375 |  | 4,513,966 |  |  |
Unamortized Loan Commitment and Origination Fees and Unamortized Discounts or Premiums |  | (1,197) |  | (1,116) |  |  |
Loans and Leases Receivable, Gross |  | 5,134,178 |  | 4,512,850 |  |  |
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses, Real Estate |  | 6,408 |  | 5,415 |  |  |
Loans and Leases Receivable, Net Amount |  | 5,127,770 |  | 4,507,435 |  |  |
Real Estate Loan [Member] | Farm & Ranch [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans and Lease Receivable Unpaid Principal Balance |  | 4,068,893 |  | 3,514,454 |  |  |
Real Estate Loan [Member] | Rural Utilities [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans and Lease Receivable Unpaid Principal Balance |  | 1,066,482 |  | 999,512 |  |  |
Unsecuritized [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans and Lease Receivable Unpaid Principal Balance | [1] | 3,806,163 |  | 3,381,000 |  |  |
Unamortized Loan Commitment and Origination Fees and Unamortized Discounts or Premiums |  | (1,197) |  | (1,116) |  |  |
Loans and Leases Receivable, Gross |  | 3,804,966 |  | 3,379,884 |  |  |
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses, Real Estate |  | 5,195 |  | 4,437 |  |  |
Loans and Leases Receivable, Net Amount |  | 3,799,771 |  | 3,375,447 |  |  |
Unsecuritized [Member] | Farm & Ranch [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans and Lease Receivable Unpaid Principal Balance |  | 2,739,681 |  | 2,381,488 |  |  |
Unsecuritized [Member] | Rural Utilities [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans and Lease Receivable Unpaid Principal Balance |  | 1,066,482 |  | 999,512 |  |  |
In Consolidated Trusts [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans and Lease Receivable Unpaid Principal Balance | [1] | 1,329,212 |  | 1,132,966 |  |  |
Unamortized Loan Commitment and Origination Fees and Unamortized Discounts or Premiums |  | 0 |  | 0 |  |  |
Loans and Leases Receivable, Gross |  | 1,329,212 |  | 1,132,966 |  |  |
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses, Real Estate |  | 1,213 |  | 978 |  |  |
Loans and Leases Receivable, Net Amount |  | 1,327,999 |  | 1,131,988 |  |  |
In Consolidated Trusts [Member] | Farm & Ranch [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans and Lease Receivable Unpaid Principal Balance |  | 1,329,212 |  | 1,132,966 |  |  |
In Consolidated Trusts [Member] | Rural Utilities [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans and Lease Receivable Unpaid Principal Balance |  | $ 0 |  | $ 0 |  |  |
[1] | Unpaid principal balance is the basis of presentation in disclosures of outstanding balances for Farmer Mac's lines of business.

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- Definition The reserve to cover probable credit losses related to specifically identified fixed maturity real estate loans as well as probable credit losses inherent in the remainder of that loan portfolio. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 944 -SubTopic 310 -Section 45 -Paragraph 4 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6873192&loc=d3e21338-158488 + Details
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