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Accounting Policies - Cash and Cash Equivalents and Statements of Cash Flows (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended |
--- | --- | ---
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | Oct. 01, 2016
Other Significant Noncash Transactions [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Interest Paid | $ 161,060 | $ 110,609 | $ 108,254 |
Income Taxes Paid | 39,500 | 29,500 | 31,000 |
SEC Schedule III, Real Estate, Acquisitions Through Foreclosures | 5,400 | 0 | 0 |
Proceeds from sale of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities | 519,219 | 609,347 | 336,913 |
Consolidation of guaranteed securities from off-balance sheet to Loans Held for Investment and Debt Securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties | 363,475 | 511,393 | 336,913 |
Purchases of Investment Securities Traded, Not Yet Settled | 1,400 | 0 | 20,000 |
Preferred Stock Redemption Premium | 0 | 0 | 8,147 |
Unsettled Class C Common Stock Repurchases | 0 | 0 | 197 |
Transfer of USDA Guaranteed Securities- Available-for-sale to Held-to-maturity; Unrealized holding gains |  |  |  | $ 73,100
Transfer of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities - Available-for-sale to Held-to-maturity; Unrealized holding gains |  |  |  | 700
Transfer of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Guaranteed Securities - Available-for-sale to Held-to-maturity; Unrealized holding gains |  |  |  | $ 73,800
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] |  |  |  |
Other Significant Noncash Transactions [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Transfers out of Level 3 |  | 2,013,151 |  |
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | USDA Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] |  |  |  |
Other Significant Noncash Transactions [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Transfers out of Level 3 |  | 1,980,327 |  |
Available-for-sale Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] |  |  |  |
Other Significant Noncash Transactions [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Transfers out of Level 3 | 0 | 32,824 | 0 |
Available-for-sale Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | USDA Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] |  |  |  |
Other Significant Noncash Transactions [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Transfers out of Level 3 | $ 0 | 1,980,327 | $ 0 |
USDA Guarantee [Member] | Available-for-sale Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] |  |  |  |
Other Significant Noncash Transactions [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset, Transfers out of Level 3 |  | $ 2,000,000 |  |

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