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Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Guaranteed Securities - Unrealized Loss Position (Details) $ in Thousands | Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($) position | Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($) position
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Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value [Abstract] |  |
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value | $ 1,034,964 | $ 1,308,744
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value | 388,534 | 564,801
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss [Abstract] |  |
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss | (3,909) | (1,844)
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss | $ (2,106) | $ (7,633)
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions [Abstract] |  |
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions | position | 91 | 97
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities [Member] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value | $ 1,329,332 | $ 2,205,516
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value | 2,414,093 | 97,270
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss | (8,169) | (98,996)
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss | (58,302) | (8)
Institutional Credit [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value | 1,304,160 | 358,575
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value | 351,664 | 0
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss | (8,094) | (3,175)
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss | (3,335) | 0
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value [Abstract] |  |
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value | 1,273,965 | 982,538
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value | 1,759,377 | 1,131,930
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss [Abstract] |  |
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss | (8,819) | (18,482)
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss | $ (37,492) | $ (45,452)
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions [Abstract] |  |
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions | position | 36 | 22
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions, Greater than or Equal to One Year | position | 16 | 10
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Qualitative Disclosure [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-maturity, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions | position | 23 | 7
USDA Guarantees [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value | $ 24,721 | $ 30,575
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value | 0 | 0
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss | 0 | 0
USDA Guarantees [Member] | USDA Securities [Member] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value | 451 | 1,816,366
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value | 2,062,429 | 97,270
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss | (54,967) | (8)
Available-for-sale Securities [Member] | USDA Guarantees [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss | (73) | (239)
Available-for-sale Securities [Member] | USDA Guarantees [Member] | USDA Securities [Member] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss | $ (2) | $ (95,582)

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- Definition Amount of accumulated unrealized loss on investments in debt and equity securities classified as available-for-sale that have been in a continuous loss position for twelve months or longer. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 320 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 6 -Subparagraph (a)(2) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82897076&loc=d3e27290-111563 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 320 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 7 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82897076&loc=d3e27337-111563 + Details
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- Definition Amount of accumulated unrealized loss on investments in debt and equity securities classified as available-for-sale that have been in a continuous loss position for less than twelve months. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 320 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 6 -Subparagraph (a)(2) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82897076&loc=d3e27290-111563 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 320 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 7 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82897076&loc=d3e27337-111563 + Details
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- Definition Number of investment positions in available-for-sale investments in a continuous unrealized loss position for which an other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) has not been recognized in the income statement. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 320 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 6 -Subparagraph (b)(3) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82897076&loc=d3e27290-111563 + Details
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