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Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Guaranteed Securities - Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities (Tables) - Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities [Member] | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2017
Schedule of Held-to-Maturity, Available-for-sale, and Trading Securities [Line Items] |
Marketable Securities [Table Text Block] | The following tables set forth information about on-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities as of December 31, 2017 and 2016: Table 5.1
| As of December 31, 2017
| Unpaid Principal Balance |  | Unamortized Premium/(Discount) |  | Amortized Cost |  | Unrealized Gains |  | Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value
| (in thousands)
Held-to-maturity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AgVantage | $ | 2,096,754 |  |  | $ | (779 | ) |  | $ | 2,095,975 |  |  | $ | 2,011 |  |  | $ | (11,429 | ) |  | $ | 2,086,557 |
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities | 29,980 |  |  | 319 |  |  | 30,299 |  |  | 108 |  |  | (73 | ) |  | 30,334 |
Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities | 2,126,734 |  |  | (460 | ) |  | 2,126,274 |  |  | 2,119 |  |  | (11,502 | ) |  | 2,116,891 |
USDA Securities | 2,055,050 |  |  | 62,800 |  |  | 2,117,850 |  |  | — |  |  | (54,969 | ) |  | 2,062,881 |
Total held-to-maturity | $ | 4,181,784 |  |  | $ | 62,340 |  |  | $ | 4,244,124 |  |  | $ | 2,119 |  |  | $ | (66,471 | ) |  | $ | 4,179,772 |
Available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AgVantage | $ | 5,496,569 |  |  | $ | (182 | ) |  | $ | 5,496,387 |  |  | $ | 21,838 |  |  | $ | (46,311 | ) |  | $ | 5,471,914 |
Trading: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
USDA Securities | $ | 12,966 |  |  | $ | 922 |  |  | $ | 13,888 |  |  | $ | 28 |  |  | $ | (401 | ) |  | $ | 13,515 |
| As of December 31, 2016
| Unpaid Principal Balance |  | Unamortized Premium/(Discount) |  | Amortized Cost |  | Unrealized Gains |  | Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value
| (in thousands)
Held-to-maturity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AgVantage | $ | 1,115,465 |  |  | $ | (2,276 | ) |  | $ | 1,113,189 |  |  | $ | 7,187 |  |  | $ | (3,175 | ) |  | $ | 1,117,201 |
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities | 35,599 |  |  | 443 |  |  | 36,042 |  |  | 5 |  |  | (239 | ) |  | 35,808 |
Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities | 1,151,064 |  |  | (1,833 | ) |  | 1,149,231 |  |  | 7,192 |  |  | (3,414 | ) |  | 1,153,009 |
USDA Securities | 1,935,440 |  |  | 73,785 |  |  | 2,009,225 |  |  | — |  |  | (95,590 | ) |  | 1,913,635 |
Total held-to-maturity | $ | 3,086,504 |  |  | $ | 71,952 |  |  | $ | 3,158,456 |  |  | $ | 7,192 |  |  | $ | (99,004 | ) |  | $ | 3,066,644 |
Available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AgVantage | $ | 4,889,007 |  |  | $ | (103 | ) |  | $ | 4,888,904 |  |  | $ | 28,715 |  |  | $ | (63,934 | ) |  | $ | 4,853,685 |
Trading: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
USDA Securities | $ | 19,360 |  |  | $ | 1,377 |  |  | $ | 20,737 |  |  | $ | 41 |  |  | $ | (390 | ) |  | $ | 20,388 |
On October 1, 2016, Farmer Mac transferred $2.0 billion of USDA Securities and $32.8 million of Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity to reflect Farmer Mac’s positive intent and ability to hold these securities until maturity or payoff. Farmer Mac transferred these securities at fair value as of the date of the transfer, which included a cost basis adjustment of unrealized appreciation in the amount of $73.1 million for the USDA Securities and $0.7 million for the Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities. The accumulated unrealized appreciation was retained in accumulated other comprehensive income in the amount of $73.8 million, before tax. Farmer Mac accounts for held-to-maturity securities at amortized cost. Both the cost basis adjustment and accumulated unrealized appreciation are amortized as an adjustment to the yield on the held-to-maturity USDA Securities over the remaining term of the transferred securities.
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value [Table Text Block] | As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, unrealized losses on held-to-maturity and available-for-sale on-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities were as follows: Table 5.2
| As of December 31, 2017
| Held-to-Maturity and Available-for-Sale Securities
| Unrealized loss position for less than 12 months |  | Unrealized loss position for more than 12 months
| Fair Value |  | Unrealized Loss |  | Fair Value |  | Unrealized Loss
| (in thousands)
Held-to-maturity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AgVantage | $ | 1,304,160 |  |  | $ | (8,094 | ) |  | $ | 351,664 |  |  | $ | (3,335 | )
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities | 24,721 |  |  | (73 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |
USDA Securities | 451 |  |  | (2 | ) |  | 2,062,429 |  |  | (54,967 | )
Total held-to-maturity | $ | 1,329,332 |  |  | $ | (8,169 | ) |  | $ | 2,414,093 |  |  | $ | (58,302 | )
Available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AgVantage | $ | 1,273,965 |  |  | $ | (8,819 | ) |  | $ | 1,759,377 |  |  | $ | (37,492 | )
| As of December 31, 2016
| Available-for-Sale Securities
| Unrealized loss position for less than 12 months |  | Unrealized loss position for more than 12 months
| Fair Value |  | Unrealized Loss |  | Fair Value |  | Unrealized Loss
| (in thousands)
Held-to-maturity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AgVantage | $ | 358,575 |  |  | $ | (3,175 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities | 30,575 |  |  | (239 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |
USDA Securities | 1,816,366 |  |  | (95,582 | ) |  | 97,270 |  |  | (8 | )
Total held-to-maturity | $ | 2,205,516 |  |  | $ | (98,996 | ) |  | $ | 97,270 |  |  | $ | (8 | )
Available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AgVantage | $ | 982,538 |  |  | $ | (18,482 | ) |  | $ | 1,131,930 |  |  | $ | (45,452 | )
The unrealized losses presented above are principally due to higher interest rates from the date of acquisition to December 31, 2017 and, 2016, as applicable. In addition, the unrealized losses on the held-to-maturity USDA Securities as of both December 31, 2017 and 2016 reflect their increased cost basis resulting from their transfer to held-to-maturity as of October 1, 2016, as described above. The credit exposure related to Farmer Mac's USDA Guarantees line of business is covered by the full faith and credit guarantee of the United States. The unrealized losses from AgVantage securities were on 36 available-for-sale securities as of December 31, 2017. There were 23 held-to-maturity AgVantage securities with an unrealized loss as of December 31, 2017. The unrealized losses from AgVantage securities were on 22 available-for-sale securities as of December 31, 2016. There were 7 unrealized losses from held-to-maturity securities as of December 31, 2016. As of December 31, 2017, 16 available-for-sale AgVantage securities had been in a loss position for more than 12 months with a total unrealized loss of $37.5 million. As of December 31, 2016, 10 available-for-sale AgVantage securities had been in a loss position for more than 12 months with a total unrealized loss of $45.5 million. Farmer Mac has concluded that none of the unrealized losses on its held-to-maturity Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities and available-for-sale Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities are other-than-temporary impairment as of either December 31, 2017 or December 31, 2016. Farmer Mac does not intend to sell these securities, and it is not more likely than not that Farmer Mac will be required to sell the securities before recovery of the amortized cost basis.
Investments Classified by Contractual Maturity Date [Table Text Block] | The amortized cost, fair value, and weighted-average yield of available-for-sale and held-to-maturity Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities by remaining contractual maturity as of December 31, 2017 are set forth below. The balances presented are based on their final maturities, although the actual maturities may differ due to prepayments of the underlying assets. Table 5.3
| As of December 31, 2017
| Available-for-Sale Securities
| Amortized Cost |  | Fair Value |  | Weighted- Average Yield
| (dollars in thousands)
Due within one year | $ | 1,181,845 |  |  | $ | 1,182,729 |  |  | 2.10 | %
Due after one year through five years | 2,477,266 |  |  | 2,478,433 |  |  | 2.27 | %
Due after five years through ten years | 814,996 |  |  | 812,786 |  |  | 2.90 | %
Due after ten years | 1,022,280 |  |  | 997,966 |  |  | 2.14 | %
Total | $ | 5,496,387 |  |  | $ | 5,471,914 |  |  | 2.30 | %
| As of December 31, 2017
| Held-to-Maturity Securities
| Amortized Cost |  | Fair Value |  | Weighted- Average Yield
| (dollars in thousands)
Due within one year | $ | 866,294 |  |  | $ | 864,819 |  |  | 1.73 | %
Due after one year through five years | 1,293,467 |  |  | 1,284,120 |  |  | 2.29 | %
Due after five years through ten years | 202,137 |  |  | 197,048 |  |  | 3.09 | %
Due after ten years | 1,882,226 |  |  | 1,833,785 |  |  | 3.36 | %
Total | $ | 4,244,124 |  |  | $ | 4,179,772 |  |  | 2.68 | %

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