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Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Guaranteed Securities - Unrealized Loss Position (Details) $ in Thousands | Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($) position | Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($) position
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Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value [Abstract] |  |
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value | $ 1,301,690 | $ 1,034,964
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value | 270,418 | 388,534
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss [Abstract] |  |
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss | (2,288) | (3,909)
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss | $ (2,021) | $ (2,106)
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions [Abstract] |  |
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions | position | 100 | 91
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities [Member] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value | $ 601,185 | $ 1,329,332
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value | 2,856,785 | 2,414,093
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss | (8,377) | (8,169)
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss | (89,195) | (58,302)
Institutional Credit [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value | 559,980 | 1,304,160
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value | 863,805 | 351,664
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss | (7,944) | (8,094)
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss | (11,195) | (3,335)
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value [Abstract] |  |
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value | 1,129,733 | 1,273,965
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value | 1,570,177 | 1,759,377
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss [Abstract] |  |
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss | (14,618) | (8,819)
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss | $ (32,910) | $ (37,492)
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions [Abstract] |  |
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions | position | 46 | 36
Available-for-sale, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions, Greater than or Equal to One Year | position | 16 | 16
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Qualitative Disclosure [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-maturity, Securities in Unrealized Loss Positions, Qualitative Disclosure, Number of Positions | position | 47 | 23
USDA Guarantees [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value | $ 0 | $ 24,721
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value | 0 | 0
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss | 0 | 0
USDA Guarantees [Member] | USDA Securities [Member] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value | 41,205 | 451
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value | 1,992,980 | 2,062,429
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss | (78,000) | (54,967)
Available-for-sale Securities [Member] | USDA Guarantees [Member] | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss | 0 | (73)
Available-for-sale Securities [Member] | USDA Guarantees [Member] | USDA Securities [Member] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss [Abstract] |  |
Held-to-maturity Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss | $ (433) | $ (2)

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- Definition Amount of accumulated unrealized loss on investments in debt and equity securities classified as available-for-sale that have been in a continuous loss position for twelve months or longer. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 320 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 6 -Subparagraph (a)(2) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82897076&loc=d3e27290-111563 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 320 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 7 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82897076&loc=d3e27337-111563 + Details
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- Definition Amount of accumulated unrealized loss on investments in debt and equity securities classified as available-for-sale that have been in a continuous loss position for less than twelve months. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 320 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 6 -Subparagraph (a)(2) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82897076&loc=d3e27290-111563 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 320 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 7 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82897076&loc=d3e27337-111563 + Details
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- Definition Number of investment positions in available-for-sale investments in a continuous unrealized loss position for which an other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) has not been recognized in the income statement. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 320 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 6 -Subparagraph (b)(3) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=82897076&loc=d3e27290-111563 + Details
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